Tesis Pre Final Final(1)

7/18/2019 Tesis Pre Final Final(1)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tesis-pre-final-final1 1/38

CENTRO ESCOLAR DIÉSEL Y GASOLINA

INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ

“ELABORACIÓN DE UN MODULO DE CONTROL DE EMERGENCIA PARA

MOTOR AVEO 1.6LT”

TESIS

QUE PARA OBTENER EL TITULO DE

INGENIERO MECÁNICO AUTOMOTRIZ

PRESENTA

JESÚS OMAR HERNÁNDEZ DÍAZ

JUAN GERARDO HERNÁNDEZ SÁNCHEZ

ASESORES

LIC. JOSÉ MANUEL FLORES MÉNDEZ

MC. JOAQUÍN IRIGOYEN

LIC. ERNESTO GARCÍA CABRERA

PUEBLA, PUE. 20!

0



CENTRO ESCOLAR DIÉSEL Y GASOLINA

INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA AUTOMOTRIZ

“ELABORACIÓN DE UN MODULO DE CONTROL DE EMERGENCIA PARA

MOTOR AVEO 1.6LT”

TESIS

QUE PARA OBTENER EL TITULO DE

INGENIERO MECÁNICO AUTOMOTRIZ

PRESENTA

JESÚS OMAR HERNÁNDEZ DÍAZ

JUAN GERARDO HERNÁNDEZ SÁNCHEZ

ASESORES

LIC. JOSÉ MANUEL FLORES MÉNDEZ

MC. JOAQUÍN IRIGOYEN

LIC. ERNESTO GARCÍA CABRERA

PUEBLA, PUE. 20!



2



CONTENIDO

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P$+-'/%......................................................................................................................

P/1"#1-)+"#%............................................................................................................

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A/(1"(+3 5 /)-)#1()%"+3..........................................................................................

O6+#)7%3................................................................................................................2

O6+#)7% 8+"+$1/....................................................................................................2

O6+#)7% +39+()4)(%................................................................................................2

H)9*#+3)3................................................................................................................2

C19)#'/% M1$(% #+*$)(%..............................................................................................:

A"#+(+&+"#+3 5 -1$(% #+*$)(%.....................................................................................:

. A"#+(+&+"#+3......................................................................................................;

.. H)3#%$)1 5 +7%/'()*" &+ /1 )"5+(()*" +/+(#$*")(1...........................................;

.2 M1$(% #+%$)(%......................................................................................................<

.2. F'"3)*" 8+"+$1/ &+ /%3 -%&'/%3 +/+(#$%")(%3..............................................<

.2.2 F'"()%"+3 (%"#$%/1&13 9%$ /1 +('................................................................

.2.: M+6%$13 &+ '"1 +(' 9$%8$1-1/+................................................................=

.2.; C/13)4)(1()*" &+ -*&'/%3 3+8>" 3'3 4'"3)%"+3...........................................22

.2.! E"#$1&13 5 31/)&13 &+/ +(-..........................................................................2:.2.< S+"3%$+3......................................................................................................2;

.2. S+?1/+3 &+ /%3 &)4+$+"#+3 3+"3%$+3.............................................................2

.2. P$%(+31-)+"#% &+/ +(- &+ /1 )"4%$-1()*" @'+ $+()+ &+ /%3 3+"3%$+3.......2=

.2.= S)3#+-1 &+ )"5+(()*" +/+(#$*")(1.................................................................2=

.2.0 F'"()%"1-)+"#% &+/ 3)3#+-1 &+ )"5+(()%" +/+(#$%")(1...............................:0

C19#'/% 2 M1$(% (%"#+#'1/........................................................................................:2

2. M1$(% -+#%&%/*8)(%...........................................................................................::

2.2 M+#%&%/%81 &+ /1 )"7+3#)81()*".........................................................................::2.: D+4)")()*" &+/ 9$%/+-1......................................................................................::

2.; N+(+3)&1&+3.......................................................................................................:;

2.! D+3($)9()*" &+/ 9$%(+3% &+ &)3+?%.....................................................................:;

2.< D+#+$-)"1()*" &+ 71$)1/+3................................................................................:!

2.<. 1$)1/+ )"&+9+"&)+"#+................................................................................:!

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2.<.2 1$)1/+ &+9+"&)+"#+....................................................................................:!

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2. R+('$3%3 &)39%")/+3..........................................................................................:<

2.= C$%"%8$1-1 &+ 1(#)7)&1&+3................................................................................:

2.0 B>3@'+&1 &+ )"4%$-1()*".................................................................................:

2. D)3+?% (%"(+9#'1/............................................................................................:

2.2 D)3+?% &+ &+#1//+..............................................................................................:

ILUSTRACIONES

I/'3#$1()*" 9$%(+31-)+"#% &+ /1 )"4%$-1()*" &+/ ECM. ............................................I/'3#$1()*" 2 ($%"%8$1-1 &+ 1(#)7)&1&+3......................................................................

TABLAS

T1/1 3+?1/+3 91$1 +/ (%"#$%/ &+ )"5+(()*"................................................................

GRÁFICAS

G$4)(1 +6+-9/% &+ 3+?1/ 1"1/*8)(1...........................................................................G$4)(1 2 +6+-9/% &+ 3+?1/ &+ '" 3+"3%$ 1"1/*8)(% ....................................................G$4)(1 : +6+-9/% &+ '"1 3+?1/ &)8)#1/..........................................................................

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INTRODUCCIÓN

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INTRODUCCIÓN

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('+"#1" (%" +3#+ 3)3#+-1. S)" +-1$8% #%&1 +3#1 #+("%/%81 $+@')+$+ &+ '" ECM

M*&'/% &+ C%"#$%/ E/+(#$*")(% +"(1$81&% &+ (%"#$%/1$ /%3 9'/3%3 &+ )"5+(()*" +

)8")()*" +" +/ -%-+"#% $+@'+$)&% +" +/ ()(/% O##%.

E/ ECM 9'+&+ (1'31$ 41//13 @'+ 14+(#1" +" /1 (%$$+(#1 %9+$1()*" &+/ -%#%$ % @'+

+3#+ "% 1$$1"@'+.

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$8)-+" &+ 7'+/#13 13 (%-% &+ (1$81 &+ -%#%$ %#+")&%3 &+ &)4+$+"#+3 3+"3%$+3.

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1&+('1&% &+/ ()(/% O##% (%"3)&+$1"&% +/ #)9% &+ )"5+(()*" &+/ -%#%$.

PREÁMBULO

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PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA

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/%3 -%#%$+3 &+ (%-'3#)*" )"#+$"1. L13 '")&1&+3 &+ (%"#$%/ &+ -%#%$ -3 3)-9/+3

3*/% (%"#$%/1" /1 (1"#)&1& &+ (%-'3#)/+ @'+ +3 )"5+(#1&% +" (1&1 ()/)"&$% +" (1&1

()(/% &+ -%#%$. L13 -3 171"1&13 (%"#$%/1" +/ 9'"#% &+ )8")()*", +/ #)+-9% &+

19+$#'$1()+$$+ &+ /13 7/7'/13, 5 (%"#$%/ &+ %#$%3 9+$)4$)(%3. E" +/ 1'#%-*7)/ A7+%

.</#, (%"#1-%3 (%" '" -*&'/% ECM % E"8)"+ C%"#$%/ M%&'/+, '" -*&'/% DIS D)$+(#

I8")#)%" S53#+- 5 +/ -%&'/% &+/ 3)3#+-1 )"-%7)/)1&%$. E3#%3 3%" /%3 +"(1$81&%3 &+

1&-)")3#$1$ 5 -%")#%$+1$ /13 4'"()%"+3 &+/ -%#%$ &+ +3#+ 7+('/%.

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3+ 15'&1 &+ #%&%3 /%3 3+"3%$+3 &+/ 7+('/% CKP, CMP, MAF, MAP, TPS, O2, +#(.,

91$1 $+())$ )"4%$-1()*" +" #)+-9% $+1/ 3%$+ /13 (%"&)()%"+3 &+/ 4'"()%"1-)+"#% &+/

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&1#%3 1 #%-1$ +" ('+"#1 3%" (1"#)&1& &+ 1)$+ +" +/ ->/#)9/+ &+ 1&-)3)*",

$+7%/'()%"+3 &+/ -%#%$, 9%3)()*" &+/ -%#%$, 9$+3)*" &+ (%-'3#)/+, 41(#%$ /1-&1,

9$+3)*" 1#-%34$)(1, +"#$+ %#$%3. U"1 7+ (%"%()&%3 &)(%3 &1#%3, +/ ECM /%3

(%-91$1 (%" 91$-+#$%3 1/-1(+"1&%3 +" 3'3 &)4+$+"#+3 -+-%$)13 RAM, ROM,

EPROM, EEPROM. D+ +3#1 4%$-1 9'+&+ 1(+$ (/('/%3 91$1 &+#+$-)"1$ 41(#%$+3

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'" )"5+(#%$ &+ (%-'3#)/+ &++ 9+$-1"+(+$ 1)+$#%, 5 /1 1(#)71()*" &+ /13 %)"13.

'"1 7+ (%"%()&13 /13 1(()%"+3 1 $+1/)1$, +/ -*&'/% ECM 9$%(+&+ 1 1(()%"1$ 1 '"

(%"6'"#% &+ 9)+13 -+(")(13 5 &+ +$$1-)+"#13 (%"%()&13 (%-% 1(#'1&%$+3,

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralita_electr%C3%B3nica

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustible

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralita_electr%C3%B3nica

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustible



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1" /%8$1&% &)(%3 %6+#)7%3.

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http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motores_de_combusti%C3%B3n_interna

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carburador

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motores_de_combusti%C3%B3n_interna

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carburador



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3)8')+"#+3 )"#+$$%81"#+3 +3 9%3)/+ $+1/)1$ '" -*&'/% 3'3#)#'#% &+/ ECM +" (13%

&+ @'+ +3#+ 41//+, 51 3+1 9%$ -1/ 4'"()%"1-)+"#% &+/ -)3-% % 9%$ 9$%/+-13

9$%7%(1&%3 9%$ +/ 3)3#+-1 )"-%7)/)1&%$, 41//13 +" /1 (%-'")(1()*" (%" %#$%3

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3+8'$)&1& &+/ %('91"#+

JUSTIFICACIÓN

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9$%/+-13 $+/1()%"1&%3 (%" +/ 4'"()%"1-)+"#% &+/ ECM. E3#% 3+ 1(+ 9%3)/+ 51 @'+

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4'"()%"1-)+"#% &+/ ECM.

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A7+% .</#3 5 +" +39+()1/ 1 /%3 +"(1$81&%3 &+ /1 $+91$1()*" &+/ 7+('/%. E3#% 3+

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+3#% 3+ (%"7)+$#+ +" '"1 3%/'()*" 7)1/+ 8$1()13 1 /1 )-9/+-+"#1()*" &+ /1 9/1#14%$-1

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ALCANCES Y LIMITACIONES

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-3 "% '" -*&'/% @'+ 3'3#)#'5+ 9%$ (%-9/+#% 1/ ECM.

OBJETIVO GENERAL

D)3+?1$ 5 E/1%$1$ '" -*&'/% &+ +-+$8+"()1 1')/)1$ @'+ 9+$-)#1 %9+$1$ +/ -%#%$ +"

3'3#)#'()*" &+/ -*&'/% &+ (%"#$%/ ECM (%" +/ 4)" &+ 9%&+$ %9+$1$ +/ 7+('/%. A/

-)3-% #)+-9% @'+ +3#+ 3+1 4()/ )"3#1/1$ 5 &+ '31$.

OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS

A"1/)1$ /13 4'"()%"+3 -3 )-9%$#1"#+3 &+/ 4'"()%"1-)+"#% &+/ -%#%$ (%" +/ 4)" &+

9%&+$ )-9/+-+"#1$ +/ -*&'/%.

R+1/)1$ +/ &)3+?%3 &+/ ()$(')#% +/+(#$*")(% 5 @'+ +/ &)39%3)#)7% ('+"#+ (%"

&)-+"3)%"+3 19$%9)1&13 91$1 %('91$ '" +391()% "% -15% &+ 20(- !(-, 91$1

@'+ +3#+ 9'+&1 3+$ (%/%(1&% +" (%-91$#)-)+"#% &+/ -%#%$ 3)" )"#+$4+$)$ (%" 1/8>"

+/+-+"#% -*7)/ % @'+ +/ -%&'/% 3'3#)#'#% 3'4$1 1/8>" &1?%

L/+71$ 1 (1% /1 P$%8$1-1()*" &+/ &)39%3)#)7%

I-9/+-+"#1$ +/ &)39%3)#)7% +" +/ 7+('/% 5 (%-9$%1$ 3' 4'"()%"1-)+"#%

IPÓTESIS

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(%-'3#)*" )"#+$"1, /%8$1"&% @'+ +3#+ 4'"()%"+ +" (%"&)()%"+3 "%$-1/+3 &+

%9+$1()*", (%-% +/ 1$$1"@'+, /1 9'+3#1 +" -1$(1 5 +/ 91$% &+/ -%#%$. T%-1"&% +"

('+"#1 '" -")-% &+ 00$9- 5 '" -)-% &+ 2000$9- (%-% $1"8% &+

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CAPÍTULO 1

MARCO TEÓRICO

2



1.1 ANTECEDENTES

1.1.1 ISTORIA Y EVOLUCIÓN DE LA INYECCIÓN ELECTRÓNICA

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&+31$$%//% &+ /1 17)1()*".

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#)+-9%3.

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191$+(+ +/ 3)3#+-1 (+"#$1/)1&% &+ )"5+(()*" M%"%J+#$%")(.

1.! MARCO TEÓRICO

1.!.1 FUNCIÓN GENERAL DE LOS MÓDULOS ELECTRÓNICOS

M+&)1"#+ /1 #+("%/%81 &)8)#1/ -%&+$"1 3+ 1$+" ->/#)9/+3 9%3))/)&1&+3 +" ('1"#% 1/

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3+?1/+3 &+ /%3 3+"3%$+3, /13 +71/>1 5 (1/('/1 /13 3+?1/+3 &+ 1(#)71()*" 91$1 /%3

+/+-+"#%3 1(#'1&%$+3.

E/ 9$%8$1-1 &+ (%"#$%/ +3# 1/-1(+"1&% +" /1 -+-%$)1. D+ /1 +6+('()*" &+/

9$%8$1-1 3+ +"(1$81 '" -)($% (%"#$%/1&%$. S+ /13 (%"%(+ % 3+ /13 9'+&+ "%-$1$

(%-% ECC, ECM, ECU, ECCS, CPU, +#(. L1 ECU '#)/)1 -)($%9$%(+31&%$+3 91$1

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9$%8$1-1 3)(% &+ (%-9'#1&%$1 5 /1 PROM 9$%8$1-1 &+ 3)"#%"1 4)"1, +3#%3 #$+3

-)($%9$%(+31&%$+3 3%" +/ (%$1*" &+ /1 CPU.2

L1 ROM, % -+-%$)1 3*/% 91$1 /++$, +3 /1 3+(()*" &+/ ECM @'+ (%"#)+"+ +/

(%"6'"#% 9$)"()91/ &+ )"3#$'(()%"+3 @'+ 3)8'+ /1 (%-9'#1&%$1. E3#1 +3 /1

3+(()*" @'+ &)(+ ('1"&% 7+% @'+ +3#% 3'(+&+, #+"8% @'+ 1(+$/% @'+

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%$$1$ 1/ &+3(%"+(#1$ /1 +"+$81.

L1 RAM, % -+-%$)1 &+ 1((+3% 1/+1#%$)%, +3 /1 3+(()*" @'+ #)+"+ #$+3

4'"()%"+3 9$)"()91/+3 +" +/ ECM. L1 9$)-+$1 4'"()*" 1(#>1 (%-% /1 /)$+#1 &+

19'"#+3 &+/ ECM 3)+-9$+ @'+ 3+ "+(+3)#+ 1(+$ '" (/('/% -1#+-#)(%, +/

ECM '#)/)1 /1 RAM. L1 3+8'"&1 4'"()*" +3 1/-1(+"1$ )"4%$-1()*" +" +/

3)3#+-1 -'/#)9/)(1&%$ &+ 19$+"&)16+ 1 /%@'+3 BLM ('1"&% +/ -%#%$ +3#

19181&% % 4'"()%"1 +" /1% 1)+$#%. L1 #+$(+$1 4'"()*" +3 1/-1(+"1$ /%3

(*&)8%3 &+ &)18"*3#)(% ('1"&% 3+ 1 &+#+(#1&% '"1 41//1 &+/ 3)3#+-1.

L1 PROM, % -+-%$)1 9$%8$1-1/+ 3%/% 91$1 /++$, +3 /1 3+(()*" &+ (1/)$1()*"

&+/ ()9 +" +/ ECM. E/ PROM 4'"()%"1 6'"#% (%" /1 ROM 91$1 /13 4'"()%"+3&+/ 16'3#+ 4)"% &+/ (%"#$%/ &+ (%-'3#)/+ 5 &+/ #)+-9% &+ +"(+"&)&% 91$1 /1

19/)(1()*" +39+(4)(1. E/ PROM +3 #1-)" '"1 -+-%$)1 "% 7%/#)/. C%"#)+"+

/1 )"4%$-1()*" 1(+$(1 &+/ #1-1?% &+/ -%#%$, #)9% &+ #$1"3-)3)*", #1-1?% 5

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9+3% &+/ 1'#%, $+3)3#+"()1 &+ $%&1-)+"#%, (%+4)()+"#+ &+ 1$$13#$+ 5 $+/1()*"

4)"1/ &+ #$1(()*". F'"()%"+3 &+ /1 ECU. L1 ECU +3 (191 &+ (%"#$%/1$ &)7+$313

4'"()%"+3. A&+-3 +3 (191 &+ 9$%9%$()%"1$ '" (%"#$%/ -3 9$+()3% 5

3%4)3#)(1&%.

1.!.! FUNCIONES CONTROLADAS POR LA ECU

L13 4'"()%"+3 @'+ 9'+&+" 3+$ (%"#$%/1&13 9%$ /1 ECU 3%" /13 3)8')+"#+3 C%"#$%/ &+

/1 )"5+(()*" &+ (%-'3#)/+, (%"#$%/ &+ &)3#$)'()*" &+ /13 7/7'/13, (%"#$%/ &+ %-1

&+ (%-'3#)/+, (%"#$%/ &+ $1/+"#, +"#$+ %#$13. P1$1 '" -%#%$ (%" )"5+(()*" &+

(%-'3#)/+, '"1 ECU &+#+$-)"1$ /1 (1"#)&1& &+ (%-'3#)/+ @'+ 3+ )"5+(#1

13"&%3+ +" '" ()+$#% ">-+$% &+ 91$-+#$%3. S) +/ 1(+/+$1&%$ +3# 9$+3)%"1&% 1

4%"&% /1 ECU )"5+(#1$ -3 (%-'3#)/+ 3+8>" /1 (1"#)&1& &+ 1)$+ @'+ +3# 9131"&%

1/ -%#%$. S) +/ -%#%$ "% 1 1/(1"1&% /1 #+-9+$1#'$1 3'4)()+"#+, /1 (1"#)&1& &+

(%-'3#)/+ )"5+(#1&% 3+$ -15%$ 1()+"&% @'+ /1 -+(/1 3+1 -3 $)(1 13#1 @'+ +/

-%#%$ +3# (1/)+"#+. S)" +-1$8% /1 ECU 9$%9%$()%"1 '" (%"#$%/ -3 -)"'()%3%. P%$

+6+-9/%, 3+ '#)/)1 '" 3)3#+-1 &+ (%"#$%/ &+ 19$+"&)16+ 91$1 -1"#+"+$ +" #%&%

-%-+"#% '"1 9$%9%$()*" *9#)-1 &+ -+(/1 +" $1/+"#.

C%"#$%/ &+/ #)+-9% &+ )"5+(()*" U" -%#%$ &+ )8")()*" &+ ()391 "+(+3)#1 91$1

)")()1$ /1 (%-'3#)*" '"1 ()391 +" /1 (-1$1 &+ (%-'3#)*". U"1 ECU 9'+&+

16'3#1$ +/ #)+-9% +1(#% &+ /1 ()391 //1-1&% #)+-9% &+ )8")()*" 91$1 9$%7++$

'"1 -+6%$ 9%#+"()1 5 '" -+"%$ 813#% &+ (%-'3#)/+. S) /1 ECU &+#+(#1 '"

(13(1+/+% 5 1"1/)1 @'+ +3#% 3+ &++ 1 @'+ +/ #)+-9% &+ )8")()*" 3+ +3#

1&+/1"#1"&% 1/ -%-+"#% &+ /1 (%-9$+3)*", /1 ECU $+#1$&1$ +/ #)+-9% +" +/

@'+ 3+ 9$%&'(+ /1 ()391 91$1 9$+7+")$ /1 3)#'1()*".



C%"#$%/ &+ /1 &)3#$)'()*" &+ 7/7'/13 A/8'"%3 -%#%$+3 9%3++" &)3#$)'()*" &+

7/7'/13. E" +3#%3 -%#%$+3 /1 ECU (%"#$%/1 +/ #)+-9% +" +/ ()(/% &+/ -%#%$ +"

+/ @'+ /13 7/7'/13 3+ &++" 1$)$. L13 7/7'/13 3+ 1$+" "%$-1/-+"#+ -3

#1$&+ 1 -15%$+3 7+/%()&1&+3 @'+ 1 -+"%$+3 7+/%()&1&+3. E3#% 9'+&+

%9#)-)1$ +/ 4/'6% &+ 1)$+ @'+ +"#$1 +" +/ ()/)"&$%, )"($+-+"#1"&% /1 9%#+"()1 5

+7)#1"&% /1 -1/1 (%-'3#)*" &+ (%-'3#)/+.

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%-1 &+ (%-'3#)/+, +3#+ $+&'(+ +/ 7%/#16+ 19/)(1&% 1 /1 %-1 &+

(%-'3#)/+ 91$1 13 $+&'()$ +/ $')&% &+ /1 %-1 &+ (%-'3#)/+ 5 +/(%"3'-% &+ +"+$81 +/(#$)(1 +" $1/+"#.

A'#%D)18"%3#)(% +$)4)(1 3) /%3 3)3#+-13 &+ 3+?1/+3 &+ +"#$1&1 5 &+ 31/)&1

1()1 5 &+3&+ /1 '")&1& &+ (%"#$%/ 3%" "%$-1/+3. C%"#$%/ &+ $8)-+" &+

-1$(1 +" 71(% R+()+ 3+?1/+3 &+ &)7+$3%3 3+"3%$+3 5 $+8'/1 +/ -%#%$ 1

$8)-+" &+ -1$(1 +" 71(% *9#)-% &+ 1('+$&% 1 /1 (1$81 &+/ -%#%$.

C%"#$%/ R1/+"# A'-+"#1 +/ $8)-+" &+ -1$(1 +" 71(% ('1"&% +/ 7%/#16+ &+

/1 1#+$1 +3 16%, % ('1"&% 15 -'(%3 )"#+$$'9#%$+3 &+ (1$81 1(()%"1&%3.

C%"#$%/ $+8'/1&%$ &+ 9$+3)*" A'-+"#1 #+-9%$1/-+"#+ /1 9$+3)*" &+

(%-'3#)/+ ('1"&% 3+ 9%"+ +" -1$(1 +/ -%#%$ (%" +/+71&1 #+-9+$1#'$1 &+

$+4$)8+$1"#+. E)3#+ %#$% -*&'/% 1&+-3 &+ /1 '")&1& &+ (%"#$%/. :: 2.2.

S)3#+-1 &+ I"5+(()*" M'/#)9'"#% P$%8$1-1/+.



1.!." MEJORAS DE UNA ECU PROGRAMABLE

ECU 9$%8$1-1/+ S#1"&1/%"+ L1 +7%/'()*" &+ /%3 +/+-+"#%3 &+ 9$+91$1()*" &+

-%#%$+3 ('+$9%3 )"&)7)&'1/+3 &+ -1$)9%31, 3)3#+-13 #'$%, +#(. 3'-1&1 1 /1

1((+3)/+ &)39%3)()*" &+ /%3 -)3-%3 9%$ 91$#+ &+ '3'1$)%3 "% 9$%4+3)%"1/+3, 7)%

$9)&1-+"#+ +(+&)&13 /13 (191()&1&+3 &+ /13 ECU3 %$)8)"1/+3.

L1 %9()*" /*8)(1 +3 '#)/)1$ '"1 ECU 9$%8$1-1/+, /1 ('1/ "% 3%/% 9+$-)#)$ '" 16'3#+

-3 4)"% &+ /%3 91$-+#$%3 #$1&)()%"1/+3 &+/ -%#%$ 171"(+ &+/ #)+-9% &+ +"(+"&)&%,

9'/3% &+ )"5+(()*" &+ (%-'3#)/+, +#(. 3)"% #1-)" @'+ -'(13 &+ +//13 %4$+(+"

%9()%"+3 +#$13, (%-% +/ (%"#$%/ &+ #$1(()*". L13 ECU3 9$%8$1-1/+3 3%" $+@'+$)&13

+" 3)#'1()%"+3 +" /13 @'+ /13 -%&)4)(1()%"+3 &+39'3 &+ /1 7+"#1 3%" )-9%$#1"#+3

91$1 +/ (%-9%$#1-)+"#% 4)"1/ &+/ -%#%$. E"#$+ +3#13 3)#'1()%"+3 3+ )"(/'5+" /1

)"3#1/1()*" % (1-)% &+/ #'$%(%-9$+3%$, )"#+$(%%/+$, #'% &+ +3(19+, % (1-)% 1 %#$%

#)9% &+ (%-'3#)/+. C%-% (%"3+('+"()1 &+ +3#%3 (1-)%3, /1 1"#)8'1 ECU 9'+&+

@'+ "% 9$%7+1 &+ '" (%"#$%/ 19$%9)1&% (%" /1 "'+71 (%"4)8'$1()*". E" +3#13

3)#'1()%"+3, '"1 ECU 9$%8$1-1/+ +3 /1 3%/'()*". É3#13 9'+&+" 3+$ 9$%8$1-1&13

-19+1&13 (%"+(#1&13 1 '" %$&+"1&%$ 9%$##)/ -+&)1"#+ '" (1/+ USB, -)+"#$13 +/

-%#%$ +3# +" -1$(1.

L1 ECU 9$%8$1-1/+ &++ (%"#$%/1$ /1 (1"#)&1& &+ (%-'3#)/+ 1 )"5+(#1$ +" (1&1

()/)"&$%. E3#1 (1"#)&1& 71$1 &+9+"&)+"&% /13 RPM &+/ -%#%$ 5 /1 9%3)()*" &+/ 9+&1/

&+ 1(+/+$1()*" % /1 9$+3)*" &+/ (%/+(#%$ &+ 1)$+. E/ (%"#$%/1&%$ &+/ -%#%$ 9'+&+

16'3#1$ +3#% -+&)1"#+ '"1 %61 &+ (/('/% &1&1 9%$ /1 9$%8$1-1()*" +" /1 @'+ 3+

$+9$+3+"#1" #%&13 /13 )"#+$3+(()%"+3 +"#$+ 71/%$+3 +39+(4)(%3 &+ /13 RPM 5 &+ /13

&)3#)"#13 9%3)()%"+3 &+/ 9+&1/ &+ 1(+/+$1()*". C%" +3#1 %61 &+ (/('/% 3+ 9'+&+

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&+#+$-)"1$ /1 (1"#)&1& &+ (%-'3#)/+ @'+ +3 "+(+31$)% )"5+(#1$. M%&)4)(1"&% +3#%3

71/%$+3 -)+"#$13 3+ -%")#%$)1 +/ +3(19+ '#)/)1"&% '" 3+"3%$ &+ %8+"% % 3%"&1

/1-&1 3+ %3+$71 3) +/ -%#%$ 4'"()%"1 &+ '"1 4%$-1 -3 +4)()+"#+ % "%, &+ +3#1

4%$-1 +"('+"#$1 /1 (1"#)&1& *9#)-1 &+ (%-'3#)/+ 1 )"5+(#1$ +" +/ -%#%$ 91$1 (1&1

(%-)"1()*" &+ RPM 5 9%3)()*" &+/ 1(+/+$1&%$. O#$%3 91$-+#$%3 @'+ 3%"

'3'1/-+"#+ -19+1&%3 3%" I8")()*" D+4)"+ ('1"&% /1 '61 &++ &)391$1$ /1 ()391

+" +/ ()/)"&$%.

L-)#+ &+ $+7%/'()%"+3 D+4)"+ +/ -)-% ">-+$% &+ RPM @'+ +/ -%#%$ 9'+&+

1/(1"1$. M3 1// &+ +3#+ /-)#+ 3+ (%$#1 /1 +"#$1&1 &+ (%-'3#)/+. C%$$+(#1

#+-9+$1#'$1 &+/ 18'1 P+$-)#+ /1 1&)(()*" &+ (%-'3#)/+ +#$1 ('1"&% +/ -%#%$ +3#

4$)% +3#$1"8'/1&%$. A/)-+"#1()*" &+ (%-'3#)/+ #+-9%$1/ L+ &)(+ 1 /1 ECU @'+ +3

"+(+31$)% '" -15%$ 19%$#+ &+ (%-'3#)/+ ('1"&% +/ 1(+/+$1&%$ +3 9$+3)%"1&%.

M%&)4)(1&%$ &+ 161 9$+3)*" +" +/ (%-'3#)/+ L+ &)(+ 1 /1 ECU @'+ 1'-+"#+ +/

#)+-9% +" +/ @'+ 1(#>1 /1 '61 91$1 (%-9+"31$ '"1 9$&)&1 +" /1 9$+3)*" &+/

(%-'3#)/+.

S+"3%$ &+ %8+"% 3+"3%$ /1-&1 P+$-)#+ @'+ /1 ECU 9%3+1 &1#%3 9+$-1"+"#+3

&+ /%3 813+3 &+ +3(19+ 5 13 -%&)4)@'+ +/ #)+-9% &+ )"5+(()*" 91$1 (%"3+8')$ '"1

(%-'3#)*" )&+1/. A/8'"13 &+ /13 -3 171"1&13 ECU3 &+ (1$$+$13 )"(/'5+"

4'"()%"1/)&1&+3 -3 171"1&13 (%"#$%/ &+ 31/)&1, /)-)#1()*" &+ /1 9%#+"()1 &+/ -%#%$

+" /1 9$)-+$1 -1$(1 91$1 +7)#1$ /1 $%#'$1 &+ 3#+. O#$%3 +6+-9/%3 &+ 4'"()%"+3

171"1&13 3%"

C%"#$%/ &+ 9$&)&13 C%"4)8'$1 +/ (%-9%$#1-)+"#% &+/ V13#+ 81#+ &+/ #'$%,

(%"#$%/1"&% +/ %%3#.

20



I"5+(()*" B1"+& U31&% 91$1 (%"3+8')$ '"1 )"5+(()*" &+ (%-'3#)/+ -3

9$+()31 5 91$1 1#%-)1$ +" '" 1/#% $1"8% &+ RPM.

T)+-9% 71$)1/+ &+ /+713 I"4%$-1 1 /1 ECU (%-% (%"#$%/1$ /13 71$)1/+3

#+-9%$1/+3 +" /13 /+713 &+ +"#$1&1 5 +3(19+.

U"1 ECU &+ (1$$+$13 4$+('+"#+-+"#+ 3+ +@')91 (%" '" &)39%3)#)7% &+

1/-1(+"1-)+"#% @'+ 8$11 /%3 71/%$+3 &+ #%&%3 /%3 3+"3%$+3 91$1 '" 9%3#+$)%$

1"/)3)3, '31"&% '" 3%4#V1$+ +39+()1/ +" '" %$&+"1&%$. E3#% 9'+&+ 3+$ -'5 >#)/ 91$1

/1 9'+3#1 1 9'"#% &+/ 7+('/% 5 3+ (%"3)8'+ (%" /1 %3+$71()*" &+ /%3 &1#%3

'3(1"&% 1"%-1/13 +" /%3 &1#%3 % (%-9%$#1-)+"#%3 &+ /13 ECU3.E/ 1/-1(+"1-)+"#% &+ +3#%3 &)39%3)#)7%3 @'+ 8$11" /%3 &1#%3 3'+/+ $%"&1$ +"#$+ /%3

0.! 5 < -+815#+3. P1$1 (%"3+8')$ /1 (%-'")(1()*" (%" +/ (%"&'(#%$, '"1 ECU &+

(1$$+$13 9'+&+ +3#1$ (%"+(#1&1 1 '"1 W9)/1 &+ &1#%3W, @'+ +3 '" 9+@'+?% 8')%" &+ 1

%$&% +" +/ @'+ +/ (%"&'(#%$ 9'+&+ 7+$ /13 1(#'1/+3 RPM, 7+/%()&1& 5 %#$%3 &1#%3

3)(%3 &+/ -%#%$. E3#13 %"13 &+ 1/-1(+"1-)+"#%, 3%" -15%$)#1$)1-+"#+ &)8)#1/+3, 5

3+ (%-'")(1" (%" /1 ECU '#)/)1"&% '"% &+ /%3 -'(%3 9$%#%(%/%3 +"#$+ /%3 @'+ 3+

+"('+"#$1" RS2:2, CANBUS. :! 2.2..

1.!.# CLASIFICACIÓN DE MÓDULOS SEG$N SUS FUNCIONES

1.!.#.1 MÓDULO DE CONTROL ELECTRÓNICO %ECM&

ECM % M*&'/% &+ C%"#$%/ &+ M%#%$E/+(#$*")(%. E/ ECM +3 '" ECU +" '" -%#%$ &+(%-'3#)*" )"#+$"1 @'+ (%"#$%/1 71$)13 4'"()%"+3 (%-% )"5+(()*" &+ (%-'3#)/+,

3)3#+-1 &+ (%"#$%/ &+ #)+-9% &+ )"5+(()*" 5 &+ &)3#$)'()*" &+ /1 ()391. T%&% +3#+

2



(%"#$%/ 3+ $+1/)1 131&% +" &1#%3 (%-% #+-9+$1#'$1 &+/ 1"#)(%"8+/1"#+ &+/ -%#%$,

4/'6% &+ 1)$+, 9%3)()*" &+ 91/1"(1 $+())&%3 &+3&+ 71$)%3 3+"3%$+3.

1.!.#.! PCM ' MÓDULO DE CONTROL DEL TREN DE POTENCIA.

PCM +3 '" ECU @'+ -%")#%$+1 5 (%"#$%/1 7+/%()&1&, AC 5 T$1"3-)3)*" A'#%-#)(1.

L13 +"#$1&13 @'+ 3%" 1/)-+"#1&13 1/ PCM 3%" &+

S+"3%$ &+ 9%3)()*" &+/ 1(+/+$1&%$,

S+"3%$ &+ 7+/%()&1& &+ 4/+(1 &+ #$1"3-)3)*",

S+"3%$ &+ 7+/%()&1& &+/ 7+('/%

S+"3%$ &+ 7+/%()&1& &+/ -%#%$ CKP

I"#+$$'9#%$ &+ 4$+"%

I"#+$$'9#%$+3 &+ (%"#$%/ &+ 7+/%()&1&

E"(+"&)&%

I"#+$$'9#%$ %"%44 &+ %7+$&$)7+

S+"3%$ &+/ 8%+$"1&%$ &+ 9$+3)*".

U31"&% +3#13 +"#$1&13 $+1/)1 (%"#$%/ &+ #$1"3-)3)*", (%"#$%/ &+ 7/7'/1 1 #$173 &+

31/)&13 PM, (%"#$%/ &+/ +-$18'+ (%"7+$#)&%$ &+ #%$3)*" 5 &+/ $+/ &+ 9$%#+(()*" &+

#$1"3-)3)*" 5 9$%9%$()%"1 )"4%$-1()*" 1/ (%"#$%/1&%$ 1 #$173 &+ /1 /-91$1 &+/

#1/+$% &+ %7+$&$)7+.

1.!.( ENTRADAS Y SALIDAS DEL ECM

C%-% 51 3+ +3#1/+()*, +/ ECM +3 +/ -*&'/% &+ (%"#$%/ &+/ 3)3#+-1. E3 +/

$+39%"31/+ &+ 7)8)/1$ 9%$ -+&)% &+ 3'3 3+"3%$+3 + )"#+$$'9#%$+3 /%3 &)4+$+"#+3

22



139+(#%3 &+ /1 (%-'3#)*" )"#+$"1 &+/ -%#%$ 5 (%"#$%/1$ 1@'+//%3 41(#%$+3 @'+ #)+"+"

'" +4+(#% &)$+(#% 3%$+ /1 %9+$1()*" &+/ -%#%$ 5 3'3 31/)&13.

)8)/1"&% 5 (%"#$%/1"&% /13 %9+$1()%"+3 &+/ -%#%$, +/ ECM #)+"+ '" (%"#$%/ &)$+(#% &+/

$+"&)-)+"#% &+/ -%#%$ 5 /1 +(%"%-1 &+/ (%-'3#)/+. C'1"&% +/ ECM (%"#$%/+ 1/

-%#%$ +3#1$ %9+$1"&% +" O9+" L%%9 /% % +" C/%3+& L%%9. C'1"&% +/ -%#%$ +3

9'+3#% +" -1$(1 9%$ 9$)-+$1 7+ /1 -15%$1 &+ 3'3 (%-9%"+"#+3, )"(/'5+"&% +/

-%#%$ -)3-%, +3#" 1 #+-9+$1#'$1 1-)+"#+, 3) 1" +3#1&% 3)" 4'"()%"1$ &'$1"#+ '"

#)+-9% 9$%/%"81&%.

U" -%#%$ 4$% "+(+3)#1 '"1 -+(/1 $)(1 91$1 1$$1"(1$, (%"4%$-+ +/ -%#%$ 3+ (1/)+"#1

/1 -+(/1 &+/ (%-'3#)/+ 9'+&+ +-9%$+(+$3+ /+"#1-+"#+ 91$1 (%-9+"31$ +/ +(%

&+ @'+ '" -%#%$ (1/)+"#+ $+@')+$+ &+ '"1 -+(/1 9%$+ 91$1 4'"()%"1$.

L1 4'"()*" &+/ ECM +3 +"#$+81$ 1/ -%#%$ /1 (1"#)&1& (%$$+(#1 &+ (%-'3#)/+ 16%

#%&13 /13 (%"&)()%"+3 &+ %9+$1()*", +3#% 3+ /%8$1 1 #$173 &+ 71$)13 (%"&)()%"+3

(%"%()&13 (%-% M%&%3 &+ %9+$1()*" &+ ECM.

U" ECU (%"3)3#+ +" '" ">-+$% &+ /%@'+3 4'"()%"1/+3

F'+"#+ &+ A/)-+"#1()*" &)8)#1/ 5 1"1/*8)(1 9%#+"()1 91$1 3+"3%$+3

1"1/*8)(%3

MPU -)($%9$%(+31&%$ 5 -+-%$)1 8+"+$1/-+"#+ F/13 5 RAM

E"/1(+ &+ C%-'")(1()*" +6. '3 CAN

E"#$1&13 D)3($+#13 +"#$1&13 #)9% )"#+$$'9#%$ O"O44

E"#$1&13 &+ F$+('+"()1 3+?1/+3 #)9% (%&)4)(1&%$ +6. 91/1"(1 % 7+/%()&1& &+

7+('/%

E"#$1&13 A"1/*8)(13 3+?1/+3 &+ $+#$%1/)-+"#1()*" &+3&+ 3+"3%$+3

2:



S1/)&13 &+ C%"-'#1&%$ 31/)&13 #)9% )"#+$$'9#%$ O"O44

S1/)&13 PM 4$+('+"()1 71$)1/+ 5 9+$)%&% +6. )"5+(#%$ % +"(+"&)&%

S1/)&13 &+ F$+('+"()1 9+$)%&% (%"3#1"#+ +6. -%#%$ &+ 913%3 (%"#$%/ &+

#)+-9% &+ )"5+(()*"

1.!.6 SENSORES

G+"+$1/-+"#+ +" '"1 U")&1& &+ C%"#$%/ &+ M%#%$ +)3#+" 71$)%3 #)9%3 &+ 3+"3%$+3 5

1(#'1&%$+3 (%"+(#1&%3. E3 )-9%$#1"#+ 31+$ +/ #)9% &+ ES @'+ $+@')+$+".

S+"3%$ &+ T+-9+$1#'$1 &+/ A"#)(%"8+/1"#+ CTS E/ CTS #1-)" '31 '"

#+$-)3#%$ 91$1 &+#+(#1$ /1 #+-9+$1#'$1 &+/ 1"#)(%"8+/1"#+ +" +/ -%#%$ 5

1/)-+"#1 /1 3+?1/ &+ 7%/#16+ 1 '" (1"1/ &+ +"#$1&1 1"1/*8)(1 &+/ ECM.

S+"3%$ &+ P%3)()*" C1-314#C$1"314# CPS E/ CPS +3 -'5 )-9%$#1"#+ 1/

-%")#%$+1$ /1 7+/%()&1& &+/ -%#%$ 5 /1 9%3)()*" &+/ 9)3#*" +" +/ -%#%$.

T$1&)()%"1/-+"#+, /%3 3+"3%$+3 &+ $+"'+"()1 71$)1/+ +$1" '31&%3 91$1 -+&)$

+3#% 9+$% %5 +" &1 71$)%3 3+"3%$+3 IR 5 /%3 >/#)-%3 (%&)4)(1&%$+3 $%#1#)7%3

3%" '31&%3 91$1 1(+$ /% -)3-%. E3#13 3+?1/+3 &+ (%&)4)(1&%$ 3%"

9$%9%$()%"1&%3 (%-% +"#$1&13 &+ 4$+('+"()1 1 /%3 ECUX3.

S+"3%$ &+ G%/9+ KS

E/ KS +3 '" 3+"3%$ 9)+%+/(#$)(% #9)(%, &+#+(#1 /1 7)$1()*" &+ 8%/9+ &+3&+ +/

/%@'+ &+ ()/)"&$% &%"&+ +3# 3'6+#% 5 +3#1 3+?1/ 1"1/*8)(1

C%-9/+61&)"-)(1 3+ -1"&1 1/ ECU.

S+"3%$ &+ O8+"% HO2S

2;



E/ HO2S +3 '" 3+"3%$ &+ -+&)&1 &+ (1/)&1& &+/ 1)$+. E/ 3+"3%$ +3# +(%

3)(1-+"#+ &+ (+$-)(1 )$(%")1 /1 ('1/ +3 (%/%(1&1 +" +/ -1")4%/& &+

(%-'3#)*" +" '" #'% (+$$1&%. L1 )$(%")1 8+"+$1 7%/#16+ &+3&+

19$%)-1&1-+"#+ -)-% +" +(+/+"#+3 (%"&)()%"+3 13#1 0 +"

(%"&)()%"+3 &)4()/+3. E3#1 3+?1/ 1"1/*8)(1 +3 +"7)1&1 1/ ECM.

S+"3%$ &+ P%3)()*" &+/ A(+/+$1&%$ TPS

E/ TPS +3 '" 9%#+"()*-+#$% @'+ #$1"34%$-1 /1 9%3)()*" &+/ 1(+/+$1&%$ +"

7%/#16+ &+ 31/)&1 +/ ('1/ 3+ +"71 /1 ECM.

S+"3%$ &+ +/%()&1& &+/ +('/% SS

E/ SS +3# ')(1&1 +" +/ +6+ &+ #$1"3-)3)*". E3 '" 8+"+$1&%$ &+ 9'/3% 5

9$%9%$()%"1 '"1 3+?1/ &)8)#1/ 1/ ECM.

P$+3)*" A3%/'#1 &+/ ->/#)9/+ MAP

E/ 3+"3%$ &+ P$+3)*" A3%/'#1 &+/ M>/#)9/+ -)&+ /%3 (1-)%3 +" /1 9$+3)*" &+

1&-)3)*" &+3&+ /1 (1$81 &+/ -%#%$ 5 /%3 (1-)%3 &+ 7+/%()&1&. E/ ECM +"71

'"1 3+?1/ &+ $+4+$+"()1 &+ ! 7%/#3 1/ 3+"3%$ MAP. C%"4%$-+ /%3 (1-)%3 &+

9$+3)*" +" /1 9$+3)*" &+ 1&-)3)*" %('$$+", /1 $+3)3#+"()1 +/(#$)(1 &+/ 3+"3%$

MAP #1-)" (1-)1. A/ -%")#%$+1$ +/ 7%/#16+ &+ 31/)&1 &+/ 3+"3%$, /1 PC

9'+&+ &+#+$-)"1$ /1 P$+3)*" A3%/'#1 &+/ M>/#)9/+. M)+"#$13 -15%$ /1 31/)&1 &+

7%/#16+ MAP, -+"%$ +/ 71(% &+/ -%#%$, /% ('1/ $+@')+$+ -3 813%/)"1. M)+"#$13

-+"%$ /1 31/)&1 &+ 7%/#16+ MAP, -15%$ +/ 71(% &+/ -%#%$, /% ('1/ $+@')+$+

-+"%3 813%/)"1. B16% ()+$#13 (%"&)()%"+3, +/ 3+"3%$ MAP #1-)" +3 '31&%

91$1 -+&)$ 9$+3)*" 1$%-#$)(1. E3#% 9+$-)#+ 1 /1 PC 16'3#1$3+

2!



1'#%-#)(1-+"#+ 91$1 &)4+$+"#+3 1/#)#'&+3. L1 PC '#)/)1 +/ 3+"3%$ MAP 91$1

(%"#$%/1$ /1 )"5+(()*" &+ (%-'3#)/+ 5 #)+-9% &+ )"5+(()*".

E3#%3 3%" 1/8'"13 &+ /13 3+?1/+3 -3 )-9%$#1"#+3 @'+ +/ ECM #%-1 91$1 (%"#$%/1$

+/ 3)3#+-1 &+ )"5+(()*" &+ (%-'3#)/+ &+ -1"+$1 +4)()+"#+ 5 91$1 '"1

1&-)")3#$1()*" 1&+('1&1 &+/ (%-'3#)/+. M)$1$ /1 #1/1 3+?1/+3 91$1 +/ (%"#$%/ &+

)"5+(()*".

Tabla 1: señales para el control de inyección. TOYOTA técnica training (23/3/200!. "ntrod#ction to electronic signals. (23/3/200! p.$%&

1.!.) SE*ALES DE LOS DIFERENTES SENSORES

1.!.).1 SE*ALES ANALÓGICAS

S%" 3+?1/+3 @'+ 9$+3+"#1" '" (1-)% (%"3#1"#+ &+ 7%/#16+. E3#+ #)9% &+ 3+?1/+3

9'+&+" 3+$ &+ +"#$1&1 % 31/)&1. P1$1 9%&+$ 3+$ 9$%(+31&13 +3#+ #)9% &+ 3+?1/+3 9%$

/%3 ECM, 9$)-+$% #)+"+" @'+ 3+$ (%"7+$#)&13 1 '"1 3+?1/ &)8)#1/. P%$ +6+-9/%, +" +/

(13% &+ '" 3+"3%$ 1"/%8% @'+ 9$%(+3+ /%3 &)+"#+3 &+ '" 1$% $+/'(#%$, /1

(%-9'#1&%$1 9$)-+$% /1 #$1"34%$-1 +" '"1 3+?1/ &+ O" 5 O44 91$1 9%&+$ )"#+$9$+#1$/1

2<



'r)ica 1: e*e+plo de señal analógica. TOYOTA tecnical training (23/3/200!. "ntrod#ction to electronic signals.(23/3/200! p.$%2

U" +6+-9/% &+ '" 3+"3%$ &+ @'+ 9$%&'(+ '"1 3+?1/ 1"1/*8)(1 +3 +/ 3+"3%$ &+

9%3)()*" &+/ 1(+/+$1&%$. E3#+ 3+"3%$ #1-)" +3 //1-1&% &+ R+3)3#+"()1 71$)1/+ %

#)9% 9%#+"()*-+#$%.

E/ 3+"3%$ 9$%&'(+ '"1 3+?1/ @'+ 91$#+ &+3&+ (+$% 5 //+81 1 '" /-)#+ @'+ &+9+"&+ &+

/1 1/)-+"#1()*" &+ 7%/#16+ 9$%9%$()%"1&1 1/ 3+"3%$.

E/ 3+"3%$ &+ #+-9+$1#'$1, #1-)" //1-1&% &+ #+$-)3#%$, +3 '" #)9% &+ 3+"3%$ @'+

71$1 )"#+$"1-+"#+ +/ 71/%$ &+ /1 $+3)3#+"()1 +" $+39'+3#1 1 /1 #+-9+$1#'$1

'r)ica 2: e*e+plo de señal de #n sensor analógico TOYOTA tecnical training (23/3/200!. "ntrod#ction toelectronic signals. (23/3/200! p.$%3

2



1.!.).!SE*AL DIGITAL

E3 '" #)9% &+ 3+?1/ @'+ "% 71$1 (%"3#1"#+-+"#+ 51 @'+ 3%/% $+9$+3+"#1 &%3 ")7+/+3

&+ 7%/#16+ % &%3 +3#1&%3. E3#%3 +3#1&%3 3+ 9'+&+" $+9$+3+"#1$ (%-% H)L%V, O"O44

% 0. P1$1 /%3 3+"3%$+3 @'+ +"(%"#$1-%3 +" '" 1'#%-*7)/ +3 (%->" +"(%"#$1$ 1 07

(%-% L%V 5 !7 (%-% H).

U" +6+-9/% &+ 3+?1/ &)8)#1/ 9$%7)+"+ &+ '" 3V)#(. E3#+ -1"+61 3%/% 2 +3#1&%3 O"

07 5 O44 !7 +" /1 -15%$1 &+ /%3 (13%3.

'r)ica 3: e*e+plo de #na señal digital. TOYOTA tecnical training (23/3/200!. "ntrod#ction to electronic signals.(23/3/200! p.$%2

1.!.+ PROCESAMIENTO DEL ECM DE LA INFORMACIÓN ,UE RECIBE DE LOS

SENSORES

L1 )"4%$-1()*" $+())&1 +3 9$%(+31&1 5 (%-91$1&1 (%" &)3#)"#%3 91$-+#$%3

)"(/')&%3 +" /1 -+-%$)1 )"#+$"1 &+/ ECM. D+ +3#1 -1"+$1 31+ @'+ %$&+"+3 +"7)1$ 1

/%3 1(#'1&%$+3.

2



"l#stración 1: procesa+iento de la in)or+ación del ,-. TOYOTA tecnical training (23/3/200!. "ntrod#ction toelectronic signals. (23/3/200! p.$%&

1.!.- SISTEMA DE INYECCIÓN ELECTRÓNICA

L1 )"5+(()*" +/+(#$*")(1 "1()* (%-% '"1 "+(+3)&1& &+ (%"#$%/1$ /13 +-)3)%"+3 &+

/%3 813+3 &+ +3(19+ 9%$ (1'31 &+ /1 (%-'3#)*" &+ (%-'3#)/+3 4*3)/+3, #1/ +3 +/

(13% &+ /1 813%/)"1. S+ &+3($))$" /%3 +/+-+"#%3 (%"#$%/1&%$+3 &+/ 3)3#+-1 &+

+-)3)%"+3, (%-% 9%$ +6+-9/% /1 7/7'/1 &+ $+()$('/1()*" &+ 813+3 &+ (%-'3#)*"

EGR, +/ 3)3#+-1 &+ (%"#$%/ &+ 813+3 +719%$1#)7%3 EAP, +/ 3)3#+-1

&+ 3'9+$7)3)*" &+ (%"#1-)"1"#+3 % (%"7+$#)&%$ (1#1/#)(%, &+ )8'1/ -1"+$1 3+

+3#'&)1$1 /1 8+3#)*" +/+(#$*")(1 &+ -%#%$ &+ (%-'3#)*" )"#+$"1, '#)/)1"&%

'"1 (%-9'#1&%$1 1 %$&% @'+ 3)$71 (%-% '" 3)3#+-1 &+ 3'9+$7)3)*" (%" &)18"%3#)(%

1 %$&% +" 3'3 &)4+$+"#+3 -%&1/)&1&+3 OBDI, OBDII 5 EOBDII. A3)-)3-% 3+ &1$ '"

$+913% 1/ 3)3#+-1 3+"3%$+3 5 1(#'1&%$+3 &+/ 7+('/%, 1 #$173 &+ /%3 &)4+$+"#+3

-%&%3 &+ )"5+(()*" +/+(#$*")(1.

E3 +/ +"(1$81&% &+ 3'-)")3#$1$ /1 -+(/1 (%-'3#)/+ 1)$+ 813%/)"1, +" /1

9$%9%$()*", (1"#)&1& 5 4%$-1 1&+('1&1 1 (1&1 -%-+"#% &+ %9+$1()*" &+/ -%#%$,

+" 4'"()*" &+ &)4+$+"#+3 71$)1/+3 @'+ 3+ 3'(+&+" &+"#$% &+/ -%#%$ (%-% 4'+$1 &+ /

2=

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#+-9+$1#'$1 &+/ $+4$)8+$1"#+ &+/ -%#%$ ECT, 9%3)()*" &+/ 1(+/+$1&%$ TPS, 4/'6% &+

-131 &+ 1)$+ MAF, #+-9+$1#'$1 &+/ 1)$+ IAT, 9$+3)*" 1$%-#$)(1 5 (1$81 &+/ -%#%$

MAP, 9%3)()*" &+/ ()8+?1/ 5 $+7%/'()%"+3 9%$ -)"'#% &+/ -%#%$ CKP, 9%3)()*" &+/

$%/ &+ /+713 CMP, 7+/%()&1& &+/ 7+('/% SS, 3+?1/ &+ 1)$+ 1(%"&)()%"1&% AA,

3+?1/ &+ #$1"3-)3)*" 1'#%-#)(1 PN, 3+?1/ &+ ;;, +"#$+ %#$%3.

1.!.1 FUNCIONAMIENTO DEL SISTEMA DE INYECCIÓN ELECTRÓNICA

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CAPÍTULO !

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!.1 MARCO METODOLÓGICO

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!.1 B$S,UEDA DE INFORMACIÓN

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