Scuttlebutt 1

I N S I D E T H I S I S S U E

1 Commandant’s Report

2 Boosters; Birthdays; Officers & Committee Chairmen

3 Looking Ahead; Sick Call

4 Sr. Vice & Jr. Vice Reports, HUHO Schedule, 2016

5 & 6 June Meeting Minutes

7 DELCO Young Marines Ceremony

8 Various pictures from May & June

General Smedley D. Butler DetachmentIncorporated 1991

1914 1915

P.O. Box 184 • Newtown Square, PA19073Website • www.genbutlerdet.org

Commandant Dominic D’AlessandroEmail: domdalessjr@gmail.com

Scuttlebutt

Volume XXVI, Issue 7 Dan Luty, editor July 2016 dan.luty@genbutlerdet.org

Commandant’s Report July 2016 Our Memorial Day activities went very well as ceremonies were conducted and wreaths were placed at the Veterans Memorial in Newtown Square, the Memorial at the American Legion Post #805, and at the Veterans Park in Broomall. The ceremonies were conducted by our Marine Corps League Detachment, American Legion Post #805, and the Veterans of Foreign Wars. There was also a parade which was led by our Color Guard followed by the Young Marines and members of the Marine Corps League, the V.F.W. and the American Legion. A good number of our members attended these activities. Our Help Us Help Others (HUHO) Campaign has been doing very well thanks to the efforts of our Jr. Vice Commandant Jack McLeod. Jack and his assistants have been doing a great job in manning the post for this program. Thank you for everyone who has helped this effort in any way. Please continue to do your best.

A plaque of recognition and appreciation was given to Master Sergeant Jesus Melendrez at a Young Marines meeting on Wednesday, June 8, 2016. Master Sergeant Melendrez has taken the Young Marines from--(as in his own words)--"A stagnant pool of disbelief, to a functioning unit that continues to grow and flourish as time goes by." Master Sergeant Melendrez will be leaving shortly and Sergeant Uwe Esser will be taking his place as Commander of the Young Marines. Please continue to support Sergeant Esser and the Young Marines. Thirteen scholarships were given to deserving college and university students this year at our annual scholarship awards general meeting on June 7, 2016. Our thanks to Wayne Williams for doing a great job with this program. A special thank you goes out to our Sr. Vice Commandant Dominick Mattioni for doing a great job in setting up the scholarship awards dinner. We are still looking for a chairman for the Honor Guard. Anyone interested please give me a call. Our marksmanship team of Earle Drake, Paul Drinkard, Gene Kern and Bob Spano shot very well at the MCL Department of Pennsylvania pistol match on Saturday, June 4, 2016. Good job guys. Don't forget our Fourth of July Parade. Details will be coming. Our condolences go out to Tom Kerrigan on the passing of his long time friend and Auxiliary member, Laura Del Rosario.

Semper Fi, Dominic D’Alessandro Commandant

Scuttlebutt 2

General Smedley D. Butler Detachment Officers Commandant Dominic D’Alessandro Sr. Vice Commandant Dominick Mattioni Jr. Vice Commandant Jack McLeod Adjutant Jack Kelly Paymaster Bob Spano Judge Advocate Bernie McGinley Sergeant-At-Arms Charles (Bud) Davis Chaplain Christopher Bush Service Officer Jim Herbst Director Bill Kinney Director Roger Godfrey Director Paul Donohue Jr. Past Commandant Paul Ferguson

General Smedley D. Butler Detachment Committee Chairmen Adopt-A-Highway Jim Flynn Americanism Team J.Mulhern, E. Drake,

D. Fitzpatrick Auxiliary Liaison Tony Fusto Awards James Herbst Ceremonies Charles (Bud) Davis Color Guard Wayne Williams Flag Collection Dominic D’AlessandroHistorian Jack Gallagher Home Association Tom Kerrigan Honor Guard OPEN Honor Guard Assistant Mike Milliken Locker Box Paul Ferguson Marksmanship Gene Kern Membership James Herbst Newsletter (Scuttlebutt) Dan Luty Newtown Twp Vets Park Bill Kinney Nominations Paul Ferguson Property Bob Spano Communications John Burfete Scholarships Wayne Williams Scouting John Gingras/Ed SeidlToys-For-Tots Dan Luty V.A.V.S. Con McGinley Young Marines Sgt Uwe Esser and Dan Luty Web Master Dan Luty

“ S C U T T L E B U T T ” B O O S T E R C L U B

Any monetary contribution helps offset the cost of publication and mailing. We wish to thank our current boosters. With their assistance, we are able to continue our award-winning newsletter!

JULY BOOSTERS Nancy Bassett John Burfete, Jr. Earle Drake Jean & Tom Falgiatore Jim Flynn Rosemarie & Tony Fusto Jack Kelly Con McGinley Jerry McGuckin Stan Samsel Florence & Bob Spano Thank you boosters!

Bob Spano Paymaster If you are interested in being a “Scuttlebutt” Booster, please see Bob Spano.

Birthday Greetings for July The Detachment staff sends best wishes to the following members who are celebrating a birthday this month: Thomas Kerrigan Gerald McGuckin Ronald Miller James Mulhern Thomas O'Leary Peter Patrucci John Quinn Richard Stefankiewicz Barry Williams Happy Birthday…and many, many more!

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS’ AFFAIRS General & Healthcare Benefits VA Hotline 800-827-1000 Veterans’ Healthcare 877-222-8387 Education 888-442-4551 Grave Markers 800-697-6947 Life Insurance 800-669-8477 Website www.va.gov

Help support our award winning newsletter and become a member of the Booster Club!

Scuttlebutt 3

Looking Ahead D E T A C H M E N T E V E N T S July

1 2 Americanism/Flag History programs, Rocky Run YMCA and Media.

4 Independence Day Parade, meet in empty lot across

from the Fire House (Rt. 3 & Malin Rd.) at 0915. 5 General Meeting at KoC, 1930 start time. 14 VAVS Bing at Coatesville VA Medical Center.

Contact Jim Herbst for information. 26 Staff Meeting at American Legion Post 805, Broomall,

1930 start time.

August 2 General Meeting at KoC, 1930 start time. 9-15 MCL National Convention, Scottsdale, AZ. Call

McCormick Millenium Scottsdale at 800-832-2025 for more information.

O T H E R O R G A N I Z A T I O N S ’ E V E N T S

OTHER VETERANS’ & FRATERNAL ORGANIZATIONS’

REGULAR EVENTS AmVets: Harold P. Saks Post #118, 211 N. Morton Ave., Morton, PA 19070. Meetings the first Wednesday of every month at 1930. American Legion: Broomall Post #805, 2340 West Chester Pike, Broomall, PA. Meetings the second Wednesday of every month, at 1900. American Legion Nunan-Slook Post #338, Meets the second Tuesday at 7:00 PM of every month at the corner of Ralston & Graslynn Avenues, Havertown,PA. Upper Darby Detachment #884 MCL, 3rd Tuesday of the month at 2000, 1026 Providence Rd.Secane, Pa. 19018 Disabled American Veterans, Delaware County Chapter 113, meets the second Monday of the month at 7:30PM. Meetings are held at the Nunan-Slook American Legion Post #338. The Post is located at the corner of Ralston & Graslynn Avenues in Havertown.

Other Organizations’ Events (Cont’d.) Vietnam Veterans of America, Chapter 67, AmVets, Harold P. Saks Post #118, 211 N. Morton Ave. in Morton, PA meeting is 2nd Tuesday at 7:30 PM - no meetings July or August. Delaware County Detachment MCL, Third Sunday of the month: Breakfast: 0800-1130, $10.00/person. Delaware County Detachment at detachment home, Upland, PA. Every Month except: June-July-August. M.O.D.D. “Devil Dogs” Triboro Pound #19, Pack of Penna., Growls (meetings) are the second Wednesday of the month at 1930. Growls are held at the Herbert W. Best Post # 928, VFW. Located at MacDade Blvd. and Sutton Avenue, Folsom, PA. Veterans of Foreign Wars: Broomall Post #7390, Meetings the second Thursday of the month at 1930. Meetings are held at the Marple Twp. Municipal Building, Sproul & Springfield Roads, Broomall, PA. Veterans of Foreign Wars: Herbert W. Best Post # 928, Meetings are the 1st and 3rd Monday of the month except in September, it will be the day after Labor Day, the 2nd (Tuesday and the 3rd Monday) Meetings are held at Herbert W. Best Post # 928, VFW, MacDade Blvd. and Sutton Avenue, Folsom, PA. Knights Of Columbus: Mater Dei Council #4129, 327 N. Newtown Street Rd., Newtown Square, PA. Meetings the first Thursday of the month at 2000.

S I C K C A L L

Tom Kerrigan Wes Tomlinson Tom Falgiatore

Please remember to notify Chaplain Chris Bush (610.353.5569) of an illness, or of a member or family member passing away.

Scuttlebutt 4

2016“Help Us Help Others”Store Schedule

Date Store/Event Address 7/02 Glenolden Acme 503 S MacDade Blvd 610-586-0577 Holmes, PA Granite Run Acme 1067 W Baltimore Pike 610-891-0407 Media, PA 7/03 Glenolden Acme 503 S MacDade Blvd Granite Run Acme 1067 W Baltimore Pike 7/04 Glenolden Acme 503 S MacDade Blvd Granite Run Acme 1067 W Baltimore Pike 7/08 Booth Corner FM 1362 Naamans Creek Rd 610-485-0775 Garnet Valley, PA 7/09 Boothwyn Wal-Mart 605 Conchester Hwy 610-494-2535 Boothwyn, PA Lawrence Park Acme 567 Sproul Raod 610-325-2880 Broomall, PA 7/10 Boothwyn Wal-Mart 605 Conchester Hwy 610-325-2880 Broomall, PA 7/16 Ridley Acme 124 Morton Ave 610-237-3800 Folsom, PA Newtown Sq Acme 3390 W Chester Pike 610-353-8018 Newtown Sq., PA 7/17 Ridley Acme 124 Morton Ave Newtown Sq Acme 3390 W Chester Pike 7/23 Media Acme 527 E Baltimore Pike 610-565-5072 Media, PA Granite Run Acme 1067 W Baltimore Pike 610-891-0407 Media, PA 7/24 Media Acme 527 E Baltimore Pike Granite Run Acme 1067 W Baltimore Pike 7/30 Paoli Acme 39 Leopard Road 610-240-0101 Paoli, PA Devon Acme 700 W Lancaster Ave 610-341-6073 Devon, PA 7/31 Paoli Acme 39 Leopard Road Devon Acme 700 W Lancaster Ave 8/06 Lawrence Park Acme 567 Sproul Raod 610-325-2880 Broomall, PA Glenolden Acme 503 S MacDade Blvd 610-586-0577 Holmes, PA 8/07 Lawrence Park Acme 567 Sproul Raod Glenolden Acme 503 S MacDade Blvd 8/13 Ridley Acme 124 Morton Ave 610-237-3800 Folsom, PA Newtown Sq Acme 3390 W Chester Pike 610-353-8018 Newtown Sq., PA 8/14 Ridley Acme 124 Morton Ave Newtown Sq Acme 3390 W Chester Pike

Sr. Vice Report I hope all who went to the Spring Dinner enjoyed themselves. NOW IT’S PICNIC TIME!! Saturday August 13, 2016 we will be having our picnic at the Drexel Lodge Park on West Chester Pike, Newtown Square from 1000 to 1500. I'll be putting the sign-up sheet on our July meeting plus frequent emailing for you to call, or email me to sign up in case it skipped your mind. MENU: HAMBURGERS, HOT DOGS, CHICKEN, BEANS, POTATO SALAD, FRESH FRUIT SALAD and ALL THE FIXINGS. WE WILL SUPPLY WATER, SODA, PAPER PRODUCTS, TABLECLOTHS, ICE & COOLERS. FEEL FREE TO BRING DESSERTS. Respectively submitted,

Dominick Mattioni Sr Vice

Jr. Vice Report Our 2016 HUHO fund raising Campaign has been kicked-off! The purpose of our fundraising is to help others in need! Among those are individuals and families from over 500,000 Veterans waiting several months for VA action on their disability/compensation claims and appeals of decisions made on prior claims! Monthly, our Membership donates money to charitable organizations that help individuals facing financial emergencies with a particular emphasis on helping disabled Veterans. We regularly inquire of those organizations as to whether they are adequately funded. Invariably, we are told that they have more requests for financial assistance than can be supplied! Therefore, even though the amount of financial assistance that we individually and collectively give may seem modest, it is not so to the person(s) to whom our support is given! Over the past nine years, we estimate that over 1000 individuals/families have benefited from our efforts! Copies of the Campaign Schedule will have been emailed, or USPS mailed, to active HUHO participants and to new Members who have expressed interest in participating in our Campaign. Our HUHO Schedule will also be published in future Scuttlebutts. Other Members who are interested in participating, please contact me at 610 755 1143. During our Campaign, active participants will be called during the early part of each week in order to staff that week’s scheduled event. All levels of participation are welcomed and needed! An email or phone call will be sent or made by Thursday evening that contains the roster for those persons who have volunteered to participate in that week’s scheduled event. Please feel free to opt out of a given week’s event because of weather, health, personal commitments, fatigue, etc. You will not be judged or questioned for declining to participate! It’s never too late to express appreciation to our participants, spouses and friends for the outstanding results achieved in our past Campaigns! Here’s to a similar, successful Campaign in 2016!

Jack McLeod Jr Vice

Scuttlebutt 5

Jack Kelly also reported that letters of thanks for donations made by the Detachment had been received from the Semper Fi Fund in Oceanside, CA, from Operation Home Front, San Antonio, TX, from Fisher House Foundation, Rockville, MD, from the Liberty USO in Philadelphia, PA, and from MCL, Marines Helping Marines, Myrtle Beach, SC. Also, a note of thanks was received from Maris Grove Senior Living Community expressing appreciation for the Americanism presentation that had been presented there recently. A note of thanks had been received from Justine’s Cuisines of Broomall, PA thanking the Detachment for its donation to feed the homeless in Delaware County, PA. Sr.Vice Commandant: Before calling on Dominick Mattioni for his report, Commandant D’Alessandro asked for a round of applause for Sr. Vice Commandant Dominick Mattioni for all of his work on the scholarship dinner enjoyed by everyone before the meeting. A round of applause was given, and Dominick Mattioni mentioned the names of others who assisted him, including Wayne Williams, Earle Drake, Dominick D’Alessandro, Bob Spano, and several others. Dominick Mattioni mentioned that the next social event is the annual picnic, scheduled for 13 August 2016 at Drexel Lodge Park on West Chester Pike in Newtown Square, PA. More information will be provided as the date draws closer. Paymaster: Bob Spano provided the paymaster’s report as of 31 May 2016. A brief review was provided on funds received as well as funds that were distributed, and he provided a summary of the funds on hand in certificates of deposit. He also suggested that the membership review the list of organizations listed on the back of the agenda. These organizations would be discussed later in the meeting, and they were being suggested to the membership for consideration for donations to be made by the Detachment. George Boyajian made a motion to accept the paymaster’s report as received. Bob Wells seconded the motion and the motion passed. Jr. Vice Commandant: Jack McLeod provided a report on the Help Us Help Others (HUHO) Campaign. He mentioned that so far the campaign has been active at fourteen weekends, five events at Booth’s Corner, and one event at one Wawa store. So far, more than $70,000.00 has been collected from area shoppers, compared to about $68,000.00 at the same point in 2015. He mentioned that more than $9,400.00 had been collected over the recent Memorial Day weekend, with some members doing double shifts and one member doing even three shifts over the weekend. Jack McLeod mentioned that other members had also served in the Color Guard and in the Honor Guard over the Memorial Day weekend. Director Kinney: Bill Kinney provided information on the recent Blood, Sweat and Cheer event at the Delaware County Veterans Memorial. He also mentioned that a casket flag raising is scheduled for the following Sunday on 12 June 2016 at the Memorial. Special events are scheduled on 14 June 2016, Flag Day, and volunteers are needed for an Honor Guard. Some older flags are to be retired and new flags will be installed at the Memorial. He also mentioned that the 2016 Freedom Medal Winners will be announced that day, including Bob Spano from our Detachment. It was mentioned that Old Glory will be raised at the Memorial on Flag Day, and other general comments were made on the events for that day. Committee Reports: Adopt-a-Highway: Jim Flynn mentioned that the next Adopt-a-Highway event is scheduled for 26 June 2016. An announcement will be sent out by e-mail calling for volunteers.

General Smedley D. Butler Detachment #741

Marine Corps League General Meeting Minutes – 7 June 2016

Commandant: Commandant Dominic D’Alessandro opened the meeting at 1915 and the regular opening ceremonies were conducted. Officers present were Commandant Dominic D’Alessandro, Sr. Vice Commandant Dominick Mattioni, Jr. Vice Commandant Jack McLeod, Judge Advocate Bernie McGinley, Paymaster Bob Spano, Adjutant Jack Kelly, Director Paul Donohue, Director Roger Godfrey, and Director Bill Kinney. Bernie McGinley served as Sergeant-at-Arms for the meeting and Jack Kelly served as Chaplain for the meeting. The general meeting followed the annual scholarship awards dinner, catered by Justine’s Cuisines. Commandant Dominic D’Alessandro announced that there would be a deviation in the regular meeting schedue in order to present the annual Detachment and Auxiliary scholarship awards. Dominic D’Alessandro introduced Wayne Williams, Scholarship Chairman, to distribute the Detachment scholarship awards. Wayne Williams read the names of the Detachment scholarship winners, and as each one received his or her award, each one provided information on which college or university they were attending as well as providing information on their major field of study. The Detachment scholarships of $500.00 each were awarded to Kyle Erato, a Young Marine from the Folsom Young Marine program, Haylee Kusner (not present, due to illness), Cara Nedbalski, Kelly Balzereit (not present, scholarship accepted by her mother, Carol Balzereit), Alyssa Drinkard (not present, scholarship accepted by her father, Paul Drinkard), Katherine Coombs, Dominic Pilotti, Anthony Papparo, Caitlin Donohue (not present, scholarship accepted by Paul Donohue), Daniel Lane, Jonathan Monkemeyer, Kelly Bergh, and Kadie McKinley (not present, due to illness -scholarship accepted by her father). All recipients were given a round of applause after they made their presentations. Wayne Williams then introduced Evelyn Brimble, Auxiliary President, to present scholarship awards from the Auxiliary. Evelyn Brimble expressed her appreciation to the Detachment for its support of the Auxiliary. Scholarships from the Auxiliary were awarded to Emily Falcone, Kelsey Hoekstra, Kathryn Maurer, Jonathan Monkemeyer, and Sara Walker. All of these also provided a brief statement on what college or university they were attending, along with information on their major field of study. Wayne Williams also expressed his appreciation to Jack McLeod and the volunteers for the Help Us Help Others Campaign (HUHO) for providing the funds for the scholarship program. A round of applause followed. After a brief recess, we returned to the regular meeting order. Minutes: George Boyajian made a motion to accept the minutes of the 3 May 2016 general meeting as published in the Scuttlebutt. Bernie McGinley seconded the motion and the motion passed. Officer Reports: Adjutant: Jack Kelly reported that a card of thanks had been received from Kay Greiser and Paul (son-in-law and Detachment member) and Joanne Drinkard, following the passing of Detachment member Frank Greiser. In addition, a card of thanks was received from Pat Mensack, following the passing of her husband and Detachment member Joe Mensack.

Scuttlebutt 6

Minutes continued from page 5 Old Business: There were no items of old business raised. Good of the League: Earle Drake mentioned that Jay Wright, basketball coach at Villanova University, would not be able to participate as Grand Marshall of the Fourth of July Parade. Earle Drake mentioned that the Combined Veterans Alliance has been nominated to be the Grand Marshall of the Parade, but no decision has been made as yet. Pete Patrucci mentioned that Representative Bill Adolph will be retiring later this year after more than twenty years of service. Pete Patrucci indicated that Representative Adolph has done a lot for veterans while he has been in office and he asked if there were any plans to honor Representative Bill Adolph in any way. It was mentioned that the Combined Veterans Alliance plans on honoring Representative Bill Adolph with recognition at the Freedom Medal Dinner in November 2016. New Business: Bob Spano reviewed the list of organizations that were being recommended for donations this month. These organizations were listed on the back of the agenda and were being presented to the membership by the officers for consideration. Bill Kinney made a motion to donate the funds as outlined on the back of the agenda. The organizations and the amounts to be donated shown in parentheses are (1) Fisher House Foundation, Rockville, MD ($2,000.00); (2) Homes For Our Troops, Taunton, MA ($2,000.00); (3) The Injured Marine Semper Fi Fund, Oceanside, CA ($2,000.00); (4) Operation First Response, Inc., Culpeper, VA ($2,000.00); (5) Operation Homefront, Doylestown, PA ($2,000.00); (6) The USO, Philadelphia International Airport, Philadelphia, PA ($2,000.00); and (7) The Wounded Warrior Regiment, Charitable Giving Office, Quantico, VA ($2,000.00). Paul Donohue seconded the motion and the motion passed. George Boyajian made a motion to adjourn the meeting. Paul Donohue seconded the motion and the motion passed. After the regular closing ceremonies, the meeting was adjourned at 2025. Jim Flynn won the 50/50. Thirty-nine members signed the logbook. Respectfully submitted,

Jack Kelly Adjutant

Americanism: Earle Drake reported that the Americanism team of Dan Fitzpatrick, Jim Mulhern and Earle Drake had made Americanism presentations at Maris Grove Rose Court Senior Veterans Club on 9 May, at the Loomis School in Broomall on 10 May, and at the Hillcrest School in Drexel Hill on 18 May 2016. In addition, two presentations were made at the Concord School in Glen Mills on 24 May, followed by an abbreviated presentation at the Rocky Run Kindergarten in Media on 24 May 2016. The team closed the month with a Color Day, Flag raising, Americanism/Flag History Program at the Stonehurst School in Upper Darby, PA on 27 May 2016. Earle Drake mentioned that a “Chapel of the Four Chaplains” display has been placed in the Springfield Library for the month of June. Earle Drake also provided information on the possibility of a tour of the former General Butler residence. The current owners of the house have extended an invitation to the Detachment members, but it would be necessary to decide on a date for the visit. Color Guard: Wayne Williams reported that the Color Guard had participated in the Memorial Day Parade in Marple Township. He also mentioned the activities planned for Flag Day on 14 June 2016, but he mentioned that he personally would not be able to attend that event. He indicated that he would try to provide a Color Guard for that event. The next parade is the July 4th Parade and volunteers were needed for this event as well. Several members indicated that they would participate. Marksmanship: Paul Drinkard mentioned that the pistol team had participated in a shoot at Indiantown Gap over the past weekend. Those who participated were Bob Spano, Earle Drake, Gene Kern and Paul Drinkard, and it was reported that they “shot pretty good.” Paul Drinkard also expressed his appreciation to the Detachment for the honors bestowed for his father-in-law, Frank Greiser, our Detachment member who had passed away recently. The family especially appreciated the casket watch and the Honor Guard at the cemetery. Paul Drinkard mentioned that he was proud to be an associate member of this Detachment. Property: Bob Spano commented on the flag lapel pins that are distributed by the Americanism team, and asked if more need to be ordered. He also mentioned that Ben Sides had mentioned to him that the flags outside of the Knights of Columbus hall need to be replaced, so this will be taken care of in the future. Bob Spano also mentioned that sweat shirts and polo shirts have been received for those members who ordered them and would be available after the meeting. Young Marines: Dominic D’Alessandro mentioned that there would be a change of command ceremony for the Young Marines at the Folsom Marine Corps Training Center at 1900 on 8 June 2016. Master Sergeant Jesus Melendrez is being transferred to Camp Pendleton, CA and another sergeant will be taking over his duties with the Young Marines. The Detachment will be awarding a plaque of appreciation to Master Sergeant Jesus Melendrez for the excellent job he has done with the Young Marines. All Detachment members were invited to the ceremony. Honor Guard: Ben Sides reported that the Honor Guard had served in thirteen military funerals for veterans during the month of May 2016. He mentioned that one more had been served in June, and two more were scheduled for Friday of the current week. So far this year, the Honor Guard has participated in sixty-six funerals for veterans.

Scuttlebutt 7

DELCO Young Marines Promotions, Awards and Change of Command Ceremony

Scuttlebutt 8

Our Detachment’s Chapel of the Four Chaplains Display at the Springfield Library, Earle Drake next to display

Detachment Pistol Team getting ready to do some damage

Our Detachment Color Guard on Memorial Day and Flag Day at the DELCO Veteran’s Memorial

Scuttlebutt 9

Next Meeting 5 July, 2016 @ 1930 Knights of Columbus 327 N. Newtown Street Rd. (Route 252) Newtown Square, PA 19073

MARINE CORPS LEAGUE Smedley D. Butler Detachment P.O. Box 184 Newtown Square, PA19073-0184

Honor-Courage-Commitment