Chemistry 101

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D. Hamilton, Instructor

Chemistry is Elementary

What is the name of the chemical in the picture?

Objective– Naming ionic

compounds from formulas

– Writing formulas from ionic compounds

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Cation Charges

Transition Metals Requiring Roman Numerals

Transition Metals can form more than one kind of charged ion.

Roman Numerals are used to indicate the charge when naming them:– Fe2+ iron II ion or ferrous ion– Fe3+ iron III ion or ferric ion

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Simple Anion Charges

Nomenclature Flow Diagram

What kind of element is first in the compound? Metal? Nonmetal? Hydrogen?

Ionic compoundM cation + NM

anionRoman numeral shows charge on transition metal

Binarycation elemental

nameAnion ends in

-ide

Ternarycation elemental

namePolyatomic ion ends

in –ite or -ate

Molecular compound NM + NM

Prefixes used to tell how many. Name

ends in –ide

Mono di tri tetra penta hexa hepta octa

nona deca

Acidic compoundHydrogen + NM-ending in name

depends on anion present

Binary H + anion

Hydro______icUse root name of

anion

TernaryH + polyatomic ion

Name anionName polyatomic

-ite -ous-ate- ite

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Naming Simple Ionic Compounds

Name the compound whose formula is CaCl2

Name the two ions present:

Metal cation Nonmetal anion

Ca2+ Cl1-

Name: calcium chloride

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To name the ions present:

Remember that metals use the element name nonmetals change end of name

to -ide.

Name the compound KI.

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Name these simple binary ionic compounds:

Li2S Mg3N2

AlI3 CaSe KBr

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Answers:

Formula

Li2S

Mg3N2

AlI3

CaSe

KBr

Name

lithium sulfide

magnesium nitride

aluminum iodide

calcium selenide

potassium bromide

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Writing an Ionic Compound’s Formula

Step 1: Write ions for elements in the name.

Step 2: Balance charges by one of twomethods.

Step 3: Place subscripts behind each elementif needed.

Sodium chloride

Na1+ Cl1-

NaCl11

Balancing Charges I

Write the formula for tin (II) fluoride.

Step 1: Write the ions Sn2+ and F1-.

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Balancing Charges II

Write the formula for tin (II) fluoride.

Step 2: How many of each ion will it take to balance the charge electrically?

+ F1-

+ F1-

1Sn(2+) + 2F(-1) = 013

Sn

Balancing Charges III

Write a formula for tin (II) fluoride.

1Sn(2+) + 2F(-1) = 0

Step 3: Place subscripts behind each element.

SnF2 14

Crisscrossing Charges I

Write the formula for magnesium nitride.

Step 1: Write the ions: Mg2+ and N3-

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Crisscrossing Charges II

Write the formula for magnesium nitride.

Step 2: Crisscross charges to become

subscripts but delete the sign on the charge:

Mg2+ N3-

Mg3N2

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Crisscrossing Charges III

Write the formula for magnesium nitride.

Step 3: Check the algebraic sum and completethe formula with subscripts:

3Mg(2+) + 2N(-3) = 0

Mg3N2

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Write a formula for:

Lithium oxide

Copper (II)sulfide

Aluminum selenide

Answers:Names Lithium oxide

Copper(II) sulfide

Aluminum selenide

Ions Formula

Li1+ O2- Li2O

Cu2+ S2- CuS

Al3+ Se2- Al2Se3

…and now a parting riddle…

Two atoms are leaving Blackboard’s EyeOn Cafe.

Atom A says to Atom B, “I think I left my electrons inside.”

Atom B says, “Are you sure?”

“Yes,” Atom A replies. “I’m positive!”

Atom B says, “That’s OK, I picked them up!”

Who are these two atoms now?

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Credits

Creative Commons/Flicker images found on slides 2, 6, 7, 10-12. Retrieved 3:00 PM June 22, 2009 from http://creativecommons.org/ and http://www.flickr.com

Graphics on slides 3, 4 from Instructor Resource CD that accompanies Karen Timberlake’s General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry: Structures of Life, 2nd edition, (2007), Pearson Publishing, San Francisco.

Slide 16 Cybart image from Microsoft Office 2007 clipart. Riddle adapted from a joke told on National Public Radio

original author is unknown.

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