SEWING SECTION

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Sewing is the craft of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with a needle and thread. Sewing is one of the oldest of textile arts, arising in the Paleolithic era. Before the invention of spinning yarn or weaving fabric, archaeologists believe Stone Age People across Europe and Asia sewed fur and skin clothing using bone, antler or ivory needles and “thread” made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut and veins.

Organogram of Sewing Section:

Floor Layout Plan of Sewing Section (4th Floor):113 | P a g e

Manager

Asst. Manager

Senior Production Officer

Production Officer

Junior Production Officer

Supervisor

Machine Operator

Machine Helper

Sewing Floor Layout Plan (4th Floor)Name of the Machines Used in Sewing Section:

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Single needle lock stitch Machine Double needle lock stitch Machine Single needle chain stitch Machine Double needle chain stitch Machine Multi needle chain stitch Machine 4 thread Over Lock Machine Bar tack Machine Button hole Machine Button attaching Machine Snap button attaching Machine Feed of the arm Machine Fusing Machine

Activities of Sewing Section:

Attend pre-production meeting

Receive sample & Work sheet & then Approved Swatch

Operation Break-down

Machine layout

Receive cut Fabric from cutting section by using Receiving Register

Receive Sewing pattern from pattern maker

Marking at necessary parts

Input

First production approved by Q.C. department

Look after production

Cycle check

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Target setting

Co-operative with Q.C. Department

Hand over complete Garments to finishing section through end line Q.C. Inspector

Show hourly production on production board

Prepare every day input and production statement

Maintain discipline and working environments

Different Types of Stitches:The two main stitches that sewing machines make of which the others

are derivatives are lockstitch and chain stitch.

BACK TACK

BACKSTITCH - A STURDY HAND STITCH FOR SEAMS AND

DECORATION

BASTING STITCH (OR TACKING) - FOR REINFORCEMENT

BLANKET STITCH

BLIND STITCH (OR HEM STITCH) - A TYPE OF SLIP STITCH

USED FOR INCONSPICUOUS HEMS

BUTTONHOLE STITCH

CHAIN STITCH - HAND OR MACHINE STITCH FOR SEAMS OR

DECORATION

CROSS-STITCH - USUALLY USED FOR DECORATION, BUT MAY

ALSO BE USED FOR SEAMS

LOCKSTITCH - MACHINE STITCH, ALSO CALLED STRAIGHT

STITCH

OVERHAND STITCH

OVER LOCK

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RUNNING STITCH - A HAND STITCH FOR SEAMS AND

GATHERING

SAIL MAKERS STITCH

SLIP STITCH - A HAND STITCH FOR FASTENING TWO PIECES

OF FABRIC TOGETHER FROM THE RIGHT SIDE WITHOUT THE

THREAD SHOWING

STRETCH STITCH

TOPSTITCH

WHIPSTITCH (OR OVER SEWING OR OVERCAST STITCH) – FOR

PROTECTING EDGES

ZIGZAG STITCH

Different Types of Sewing Machines:

1. Plain M/C

Plain M/C

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Component

Application

One needle Bottom HemmingTwo tensioners Belt top seam stitchThree guide Belt joint stitchOne hook Loop tack

stitchTwo thread Pocket joint stitchOne bobbin case Zipper jointOne magnate guide Flap top stitch

Flap jointFly top stitchFlap ¼ stitchFront rise stitchBack rise stitch

2. Over Lock M/C

Over lock M/C

3. Bar Tack M/C

Bar tack M/C

4. Flat lock M/C Flat Lock M/C

5.Eye-late Button Holding M/C

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Component

Application

4 thread Over Lock Stitch4 tensioner2 knifes (up/down)2 needle for 4 thread1 needle for 3 thread3 looper for 4 thread2 looper for 3 thread

ApplicationLoop attachFly makePocket SideBack PocketingZipper layIn seamFront sideTack stitch

Component

Application

3 thread Zigzag Stitch4 tensioner Knit HemmingContain a holder Loop Hemming2 needle

Eye-late Button Holding M/C

6. Button Attach M/C

Button Attach M/C

Machine wise Sewing Thread Consumption (for 1st Stitch):

Machine No. of needle Thread consumption per inch

Plain 1 2.5”

Plain 2 5”

Over lock 3 16”

Over lock 4 18”

Over lock 5 21”

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Component

Application

3 thread To make eye late hole in garments

1 needleContains bobbin case2 looperContains a hammer

Component

Application

2 thread To attach button in garments

1 needleContains Shoulder, shoulder Cap Bobbin Catching

Bar tack ----------- 7” ---8”

Button hole stitching ----------- 6”—7” normally per hole

Button attaching 2 hole ---------- 4” per button

Different Types of Seam

Superimposed Seam Lapped Seam120 | P a g e

Bound Seam Decorative Seam

Flat seam Edge Finishing

Different types of Defects

Stitch Defects Seam Appearance Defects Sewing Faults

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Loose StitchesPoorly formed

stitchesCrowded stitches

Tight stitchesCrooked stitchesSkipped stitches

PuckersTwistsPlaits

UndulationsRun-off (raised seams)

Raw edges exposed (felled seams)

Skip/Drop StitchUneven Stitch

Over StitchJoint StitchRaw Stitch

Tension StitchPuckering

Broken StitchOpen Stitch

PleatNeedle cut

ShadingWrong threadIncorrect stitch

Wrong button placementRun off stitch

Defect List

Process Flow of Some Products:

Process No. Baby T-Shirt T-shirt with Placket

1. Back part loop join Plkt edge OL2. Front & Back part sticker match &

fold Plkt Fusing attach

3. 1st Shoulder join & trim Plkt mark for join4. 2nd Shoulder fusing attach Body mark by iron5. 2nd Shoulder folding tack Plkt join & Plkt top stt6. Shoulder fusing measure & cut Plkt scissoring & corner cut7. 2nd Shoulder inner tack Plkt 1/16 top stt8. 2nd Shoulder close Plkt pattern top stt9. Neck piping & trim Plkt lower part scissoring & mark for

box10. Neck top stitch Plkt box making11. Sleeve hem Back & front part sticker match12. Shoulder drop mark & fold Both shoulder join, trim & fold13. Body & sleeve sticker match Neck binding & trim14. Sleeve join Front neck 1/16 top stt15. Sleeve folding & in tack Size label join with main label16. Side seam with care label Mark for main LBL & shoulder drop

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mark17. Sleeve out tack & care label

sewing Neck piping top stt with main LBL

18. Body arrange & fold Body & sleeve sticker match19. Body hem Sleeve join20. Mark for snap button Thread cut & fold21. Snap button attach upper & lower Side seam with care LBL & Plkt

edge OL22. Sleeve folding tack Thread cut & fold23. Final thread cut Sleeve hem24. Body arrange & sticker remove25. Bottom hem26. Mark for button attach27. Snap button attach (upper & lower)28. Final thread cut

Product Photo

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Process Sequence of Garments Finishing:

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Floor Layout Plan of Garments Finishing

Garments Finishing Floor Plan Layout

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Machine Description of Garments Finishing:

Machine DescriptionMachine Name Machine No.

Steam Iron 50Metal Detector 02Thread sucker 03

Finishing capacity: 1000 pcs/hr (approximately)

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Fig 12.9: Metal Detector M/C

Fig 12.10: Thread Sucker M/C

Material Used in Garments Finishing130 | P a g e

Inner Box Neck Board Pp belt

Blister Back Board Collar stand

Butterfly Tie placket support Fit label

M-chip T-clip Metal clip

Cuff link Gun tap Cable tie

Full Board Hang tag Al pin

Elastic clip Poly bag Size sticker

The General Rules of Spot Removing

1. The longer a stain remains, the tougher it is to remove. 2. Always treat a stain before laundering. 3. Blot gently — never rub; and don't ever blot with hot water.

Table: Stain Removal

STAIN TYPE USED CHEMICAL(COMMERCIAL NAME)

Oil stain Spot lifterGeneral stain Thinner

Turmeric stain MRSInk stain MR

Glue stain (Polymer based) Heat gunRust stain MarkvillPrint mark Printvill

Ironing:

Ironing is the use of a heated tool (an iron) to remove wrinkles from fabric. The heating is commonly done to a temperature of 180–220 °Celsius, depending on the fabric.

Basic Ironing Symbols:

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Do not iron Medium iron (150°)

Cool iron (110°) Hot iron (200°)

Flow Chart of Garments Inspection:

Confirmation of Quantity ↓

Confirmation of accessories ↓

Size specification inspection ↓

In side Inspection ↓

Outside Inspection ↓

Final Inspection ↓

Packing

Pressing or Folding:

Although pressing remains largely a manual task, new automated process exists that apply force and steam to garments placed over a body form.

Different type of folding

Standard folding Semi standard folding Flat folding:

- Roll folding - Hang folding - Half folding - Eco folding - Twill folding

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Packaging:

After final inspection, the garments are poly-packed, dozen-wise, color wise, size ratio wise, bundled and packed in the cartoon. The cartoon is marked with important information in printed form which is seen from outside the cartoon easily.

Assortment:

Buyers generally place order of garments in certain assortment of color and sizes. The production of such colors and sizes is called assortment. Another order with an assortment of 1:2:2:1 is shown below:

Color/Size S M L XL Quantity

Red 1000 2000 2000 1000 =6000

Yellow 1000 2000 2000 1000 =6000

Olive 1000 2000 2000 1000 =6000

Violet 1000 2000 2000 1000 =6000

Total =24000

Cartooning Procedure:

There are 4 types of cartooning assortment:

1. Solid size and solid color (the order comprises one size & one color) 2. Solid size & assorted color (the order comprises one size & different colors) 3. Assortment sizes & assorted color (the order has only one color but different

sizes)

4. Assorted sizes & assorted color (different sizes & different colors in the order)

Generally, most of the order comes in assorted sizes & assorted colors

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Master carton (Almost cubic) Coffin carton (Length > 2*width) Inner carton (Small & insert able into another carton) Etc.

Dispatch:

The cartoons of the manufactured garments are delivered or placed in the dispatch department or finished product Go down, from where the garments lot is delivered for shipment.

Photo Gallery of Garments Finishing Section:

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