SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

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Physics - Revision Questions

Triple Year 10

Name:

Topic 1 – Making Use of Energy1. How does heat move through a metal? Explain the particle model in your

answer.

2. Why are metals good conductors?

3. Why is loft insulation good at stopping conduction?

4. Explain how conduction occurs in a gas (or liquid).

5. Why are buildings in hot countries painted white?

6. Why is foil put behind radiators in the home?

7. Which pot will lose heat faster, a black one or a silver one? Why?

8. Explain how heat is transferred through a saucepan, into some soup and then

all the soup.

9. Using the density equation, find the density of a block of metal mass What is

the density of a cube that has a volume of 8cm3 and a mass of 35g?

10.Explain how heat passes from the radiator at the bottom of a room, through

the ceiling, through the attic space and out through the roof.

11.Give 3 ways you can insulate your home and give reasons why they work.

12.What is payback time?

13.Consider the following table:

Method Money Saved Each Year

Installation Costs

Time To Repay Costs

Energy Saved

Cavity Wall Insulation £400 5 years 6000JLoft Insulation £120 £360 3 years 7000JDouble Glazing £40 £1200 300J

Draught Exclusion £10 £100 10 years 300J(a) Use your knowledge about payback time to complete the table.

(b) A homeowner has £1000 to make home improvements. Use the table to decide

which ones she should do and give reasons for your choices.

(c)

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Topic 2 – Generating Electricity1. Identify 4 non-renewable forms of energy generation

2. Name five forms of renewable energy generation.

3. Give an advantage and disadvantage for using solar power as a form of energy

generation

4. Give two advantages for using nuclear power as a form of energy generation?

5. Give two disadvantages for using nuclear power as a form of energy generation?

6. Nuclear waste is a problem that must be dealt with. Why is nuclear radioactive

waste dangerous?

7. Biomass is an alternate fuel source that uses waste animal and crops to

generate electricity. What is one disadvantage with using biomass to generate

electricity?

8. Give one advantage of geothermal energy compared to using solar power

9. Give an environmental advantage to burning wood (biomass) to produce energy.

10.How is electricity produced in a powerstation?

11.what form is energy lost in the above powerstation and where in the powerstation

do losses occur?

12.What is the National Grid?

13.Explain how hydroelectric power stations help to keep a reliable supply of

electricity to the National Grid.

14.Explain why step up and step down transformers are used in the National Grid.

15.Find the correct units for the following:

1. 100kW

2. 2.3MV

3. 60mA

4. A kettle works with a voltage of 230V and has a power of 1.5kW. What is the

current?

5. A lamp starts with 400J of energy. It emits 300J as heat.

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(a) What is the useful energy type?

(b) How much useful energy is there?

(c) What is the efficiency?

Topic 3 – Domestic Electricity

1. A customer had a meter reading taken in February that was 31000. If the meter

reading in May is 32100, how much electricity have they used? What is the cost if

the cost for 1 unit is 10p?

2. A home owner uses central heating and due to adding insulation, saves power of

1.15kW. The house is heated for 12 hrs per day. If 1 unit costs 8p, find out how

much is saved per WEEK?

3. Convert the following into kW:

a. 1000W

b. 2000W

c. 300W

2. Convert the following into hours

a. 30 mins

b. 50 mins

c. 5 days

3. A man uses a kettle for 38 minutes every day for a week. If the kettle has a

power of 1500W and the cost per unit is 8p, what is the cost for the day?

4. What does the banding of electrical appliances tell you about an appliance?5. Draw the graph for an AC and a DC supply.6. Where would you find AC and DC supplies?7. What is the ring main and why is it useful?8. What does the live wire do?9. What does the neutral wire do?10.What is the Earth wire in a device for?11.What type of appliance has an Earth wire?12.What is a fuse?

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13.Where is the fuse found in a circuit?14.How does a fuse work together with the Earth wire?15.What are the disadvantages of a fuse?

16.What can you say about the currents in the live and neutral wires when an

appliance is working normally?

17.How does a miniature circuit breaker work (MCB)?

18.How does a residual current circuit breaker work (RCCD)?

19.What type of fault causes a MCB or a fuse to trip?

20.What are the advantages of RCCB and MCBs over fuses?

21.What is the advantage of a RCCB over an MCB?

22. If the operating current of an appliance is 3.5A, What fuse would you use: 3A, 5A

or 15A?

23.What are the advantages of using Solar power and Wind turbines as small scale

energy generators?

24.What are the main disadvantages of using solar power and wind turbines as

small scale energy generators?

25.What is a FIT (Feed in Tariff)?

26.What are the advantages of using microgeneration to the environment and to the

consumer?

Topic 4 - Waves1. What is a longitudinal wave?

2. Give 2 examples of longitudinal waves.

3. What is a transverse wave?

4. Give 2 examples of a transverse wave.

5. What is the frequency of a wave?

6. Draw a wave and label the peaks, troughs, amplitude and wavelength on it. 7. What is the frequency of a wave travelling at 240m/s with a wavelength of 12km?

8. A wave travels at 50cm/s. How far does it travel if it travels for 6s?

9. Name 2 things that all electromagnetic waves have in common.

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10.What is the difference between geostationary satellites and geosynchronous

satellites?

11.What type of radiation is needed to pass signals via geostationary or

geosynchronous satellites?

12.What type of radiation is used to pass information via optical fibres?

13.Give 3 advantages of optical fibres over geostationary satellites.

14.With the aid of a diagram, explain how signals are transferred between two points

either side of the Earth via geostationary satellites.

15.What does a wavefront tell you about a wave?

16.What is the law of reflection?

17.What happens to the following wave properties when a wave is reflected:

(a) The wavelength

(b) The frequency

(c) The speed

18.Draw a ray diagram for a reflected wave off a plane surface

19.Why does refraction occur?

20.Draw a ray diagram to show what happens to a wave when it travels from shallow to

deep water.

21.Draw a ray diagram for a ray of light travelling from air into glass.

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22.What happens to the following wave properties when a wave travels from air into

glass:

(a) The wavelength

(b) The frequency

(c) The speed

Topic 5 - Electricity

Series and Parallel Circuits

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9V

8

2A

b c

d

a …………………………

b …………………………

c …………………………

d …………………………

e …………………………

f …………………………

g …………………………

h ………………………….

9V

a

b

c

5A

4A

2A

d

e

f

g

h

1. Sketch a graph of voltage against current for a wire or resistor, a lamp and a diode.

2. Draw a circuit diagram to use to obtain the graphs sketched above. 3. Explain an experiment to obtain the graphs above.4. How do you know if the resistance of the appliance has increased by looking a

the graph? 5. Find the current through a lamp if the resistance is 1kΩ and the voltage is 240V.

6. Find the voltage across a cooker if the current is 12mA and the resistance is

40kΩ.

7. What is the total resistance?

8. Find the power of a kettle which operates on 240V with a current of 6.25A

9. Find the power of a car starter motor which operates with a current of 8.5A and has a

resistance of 41.5Ω

10. Find the current flow in a 2kW kettle which operates on 220V

11. Find the current flow in a 3kW washing machine if its circuits have a total resistance of

2000

12. What happens to the resistance of a thermistor if the temperature increases?

13. What happens to the resistance of an LDR if the light intensity increases?

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1 Ohms

2 Ohms

3 Ohms

Topic 6 - The Total Internal Reflection of Waves1.

a. Complete the following diagram for a glass block using wave fronts to

show any differences in wavelength.

b. Label on the diagram areas where the speed of the wave is the greatest.

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2. If the critical angle of glass is 42° complete the following diagrams.

3. Why does refraction occur?

4. What are the 2 conditions for total internal reflection to occur?

5. Give one use of total internal reflection

6. Compare geosynchronous satellites and optical fibres giving advantages and

disadvantages of each.

7. Compare endoscopy and CT scanning giving advantages and disadvantages of

each.

Topic 7 - Seismic Waves11

30°60°

42°

1. What are p waves?

2. What are s waves?

3. What are surface waves?

4. Which waves cause most damage?

5. Add in the path of p-waves and s-waves in the following diagrams.

P waves S waves

6. Why do the waves bend at the boundaries?

7. Explain how the study of seismic records including the identification of p and s-

wave shadow zones, has enabled geo-physicists to investigate the structure of

the earth.

Topic 8 – Electromagnetism1. When a current passes through a conductor, what is produced?

2. Draw the magnetic field lines around:(a) A bar magnet

(b) A straight wire carrying current

(c) Plane coils carrying current

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(d) A solenoid carrying current

3. What is produced when a current carrying conductor (wire) is placed into an external magnetic field?

4. What rule is used to find out the direction a wire or motor will move when placed in a magnetic field?

5. Here is a simple d.c. motor. Label the sections indicated.

6. Which way will the following motor turn?

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7. Give 2 ways to change the direction of the motor

8. A wire of length 8cm carries a current of 5A. What is the force if the magnetic

field strength B is 0.5T?

Electromagnetic Induction and Generators

1. What is electromagnetic induction?

2. How is a current induced in a circuit?

3. How does a generator work?

4. Give 3 ways to increase the current output of a generator

5. Give 2 ways to change the direction of the current produced

6. Which rule is used to determine the direction of the current produced in a

generator.

7. At what point in a generator’s cycle is the current the greatest and least

Transformers

1. Why is a laminated iron core used?

2. Why don't we want currents to be produced in the core?

3. Why is an alternating current used in the primary coil of a transformer?

4. Explain how a step down transformer reduces the voltage of a supply.

5. Why will a transformer only work with an ac supply?

Using the transformer equation

1. A step up transformer has a primary coil with 200 turns. It transforms the mains

voltage of 230V ac to 3000V ac. How many turns must there be on the

secondary coil?

2. A transformer has a primary coil of 2000 turns. When the output p.d (voltage) is

5V, the input p.d is 240V. How many turns are there on the secondary coil?

3. A transformer is 100% efficient. The power in the primary coil is 600KW. What is

the current in the secondary coil if the voltage in the secondary coil is 230V?

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Topic 9 - Kinetic Theory Classwork Questions1. What are the units for pressure?

2. Explain how pressure arises in gases.

3. What is an ideal gas?

4. How does the behaviour of gasses lead to the idea of absolute zero and the

absolute scale of temperature? (you need to draw a graph)

5. Change the following into Kelvin:

a. 350C

b. 400C

6. Explain what happens to the pressure and volume of a gas if the temperature

increases.

Pressure, Volume and Temperature

1. A piston compresses air which changes the pressure and the volume. The

temperature remains constant. If the pressure is 60kPa before the expansion,

what is the pressure after the expansion if the volume decreases from 9m3 to

6m3?

2. What is the pressure exerted on the ground by a person weighing 500N standing

on a pair of stilts measuring 3 x 10-4m2?

3. What is latent heat?

4. The heater in an electric kettle delivers 1.5 kW of power to 8 kg of water at its

boiling point. The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is 1.5 x 106 J/kg.

a. How much energy would be needed to boil off 1kg of the water?

b. If the kettle is switched on for 100s, how much energy is delivered to the

water in this time?

c. How much steam is produced in 100s?

5. What is specific heat capacity?

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6. An electric heater supplies 25000 Joules of heat energy to a metal block of mass

0.25 kg. The temperature of the block rises from 20 °C to 80 °C during the

heating process. Assuming that very little heat is lost from the block during the

heating process, what is the specific heat capacity of the metal?

Sketch a graph to show how water changes state from ice to steam and label on it the

changes of state.

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