The Divisive Politics The Divisive Politics of Slaveryof Slavery

United States HistoryUnited States History

Mr. MaceMr. Mace

The Politics of SlaveryThe Politics of Slavery

A Quick Review…A Quick Review…

1787 = Three-Fifths 1787 = Three-Fifths Compromise settles Compromise settles representation in Congressrepresentation in Congress

1787 = Slavery is banned in 1787 = Slavery is banned in the “Northwest” Territories the “Northwest” Territories North of the Ohio RiverNorth of the Ohio River

Start of the Civil Start of the Civil WarWar

How did the divide between How did the divide between North and South turn into a North and South turn into a Civil War?Civil War?

FROM THIS?TO THIS?

KEY CONCEPTS & VOCAB

KEY CONCEPTS & VOCABULARYWhat question does this image ask?

?

As the territory of the United As the territory of the United States expanded across the States expanded across the continent, would new states continent, would new states

become slave states – or free?become slave states – or free?

?

States’ Rights States’ Rights – Would the North or Would the North or

the South want states the South want states to have the POWER to to have the POWER to make this decision? make this decision?

Federal PowerFederal Power– Would the North or Would the North or

the South want the the South want the federal government to federal government to have the POWER to have the POWER to make this decision?make this decision?

KEY CONCEPTS & VOCABULARY

What did abolitionists What did abolitionists want?want?

United States, 1819United States, 1819

The number of The number of slave-states slave-states equaledequaled the the number of free number of free states.states.

Would the new Would the new states in the states in the Louisiana Louisiana Territory be Territory be allowed to allowed to have slavery?have slavery?

What would be a good COMPROMISE for this situation?

The Missouri Compromise of The Missouri Compromise of 1820 quieted the slavery 1820 quieted the slavery

debate for a whiledebate for a while

What happened? What do you think were the consequences?

Nat Turner’s Rebellion Nat Turner’s Rebellion (1831)(1831)

Nat Turner (a slave) and six men went from house to house, killing all of the white people they encountered. Turner's force eventually consisted of more than 40 slaves.

In the end, the rebels had stabbed, shot and clubbed at least 55 white people to death.

Nat Turner was eventually Nat Turner was eventually capturedcaptured

He was hanged He was hanged and beheaded and beheaded

In the hysterical In the hysterical climate that climate that followed the followed the rebellion, close to rebellion, close to 200 black people, 200 black people, many of whom many of whom had nothing to do had nothing to do with the rebellion, with the rebellion, were murdered were murdered by white mobs. by white mobs.

Effect of the RebellionEffect of the Rebellion

““Slave Codes” Slave Codes” (laws) were (laws) were tightened in the tightened in the SouthSouth

Slaves could not… Slaves could not… – be taught to read or be taught to read or

writewrite– meet without a meet without a

white person white person present present

– move from place to move from place to place freely place freely

United States, 1848United States, 1848

Would the new land won in the war with Mexico become slave states or free states?

Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850

The Terms of the Compromise The Terms of the Compromise of 1850…of 1850…

California admitted as a Free StateCalifornia admitted as a Free State Fugitive Slave Act is strengthenedFugitive Slave Act is strengthened Popular Sovereignty in Utah & New Popular Sovereignty in Utah & New

MexicoMexico Slave Trade is ended in Washington, Slave Trade is ended in Washington,

D.C.D.C. $10 million to Texas to settle border $10 million to Texas to settle border

disputes.disputes.

The Role of Henry ClayThe Role of Henry Clay

He shaped He shaped the the CompromisCompromise and e and defended it!defended it!

The Role of John C. CalhounThe Role of John C. Calhoun

He He opposed opposed the the CompromisCompromise!e!

The Role of Daniel WebsterThe Role of Daniel Webster

He He supported supported the the CompromisCompromise!e!

The Role of Stephen The Role of Stephen DouglasDouglas

He saved He saved the the Compromise Compromise by having by having each item each item voted on voted on separately!separately!

Protest, Resistance, Protest, Resistance, and Violenceand Violence

Northerners Continue to Attack Northerners Continue to Attack Slavery even after the Slavery even after the Compromise of 1850!Compromise of 1850!

Harriet Tubman conducts more Harriet Tubman conducts more than 300 slaves to freedom on than 300 slaves to freedom on the Underground Railroad.the Underground Railroad.

Harriet Beecher Stowe describes Harriet Beecher Stowe describes the evils of slavery in “UNCLE the evils of slavery in “UNCLE TOM’S CABIN”!TOM’S CABIN”!

How had the Missouri How had the Missouri Compromise proposed to limit Compromise proposed to limit

slavery?slavery?Forbade Forbade

slavery slavery north of north of the 36 the 36 Degree Degree Line in Line in the the western western territoriesterritories

How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act propose to deal with the issue of propose to deal with the issue of

slavery?slavery?

Popular Popular SovereigntSovereignty!y!

Why did Douglas believe that popular Why did Douglas believe that popular sovereignty would solve the problem of sovereignty would solve the problem of

slavery?slavery?

It’s the It’s the most most democratic democratic way to way to decide!decide!

Why did popular sovereignty Why did popular sovereignty lead to “Bleeding Kansas”?lead to “Bleeding Kansas”?

Supporters Supporters from both from both sides flooded sides flooded into Kansas into Kansas to sway the to sway the vote either vote either free or slave!free or slave!

Slavery & Slavery & Secession!Secession!

Dred Scott v. Sanford - 1857Dred Scott v. Sanford - 1857

Supporters?Supporters? Proslavery forcesProslavery forces

Reasons for Reasons for support?support?

Guaranteed the Guaranteed the extension of extension of slavery into the slavery into the west!west!

Douglas in the Lincoln-Douglas Douglas in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates - 1858Debates - 1858

Supporters?Supporters? Proslavery = Proslavery =

liked popular liked popular sovereigntysovereignty

Antislavery = Antislavery = Freeport Freeport DoctrineDoctrine

Lincoln in the Lincoln-Douglas Lincoln in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates - 1858Debates - 1858

Supporters?Supporters? Antislavery forcesAntislavery forces

Reasons for support?Reasons for support? Spoke of the Spoke of the

immorality of slaveryimmorality of slavery

““A house A house divided can not divided can not stand!”stand!”

The Raid on Harpers Ferry - The Raid on Harpers Ferry - 18591859

Supporters?Supporters? Antislavery forcesAntislavery forces

Reasons for Reasons for support?support?

Hoped that it Hoped that it would start a would start a slave revolt.slave revolt.

John Brown’s Hanging - John Brown’s Hanging - 18591859

Supporters?Supporters? Proslavery forcesProslavery forces

Reasons for Reasons for support?support?

John Brown was John Brown was a terrorist!a terrorist!

The election of Lincoln - The election of Lincoln - 18601860

Supporters?Supporters? Antislavery forcesAntislavery forces

Reasons for Reasons for support?support?

Lincoln opposed Lincoln opposed the expansion of the expansion of slavery into the slavery into the west.west.

The Secession of the Southern The Secession of the Southern States – 1860, 1861States – 1860, 1861

Supporters?Supporters? Proslavery forcesProslavery forces

Reasons for Reasons for support?support?

Support the right Support the right to leave the to leave the union.union.