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Session 1
Simple, Complex and
Compound sentences
LO – Use simple, complex and compound sentences in my writing and
evaluate why and how they are effective.
The bottom line…
• Experienced writers use a variety of
sentences to make their writing
interesting and lively. Too many simple
sentences, for example, will sound
choppy and immature while too many long
sentences will be difficult to read and hard
to understand.
Simple Sentences are…SIMPLE!
You all use simple sentences in your writing. For example ‘The sand was golden.’ Or ‘The sun was hot.’
If you only use simple sentences your reader will
not be very
interested
Compound Sentences are…A little less simple.
When you have two or more short, independent, simple sentences which are of equal weight you can join them together using CONJUNCTIONS.
For example:
The sea was rough.
The sun was shining.
These are both boring simple sentences. You can put these together to make one longer, more interesting compound sentence using a conjunction.
For example: The sea was rough but the sun was shining.
The most common conjunctions are: and, as, but, or, so
Remember: JUNCTIONS join roads together, so
CONJUNCTIONS join sentences together!
Simple Sentences – Contain a subject and a
verb.
The sun shines brightly.
The children play football on the beach.
Compound Sentences – Contain a subject, a
verb and a conjunction.
The sun was shining, so the people got burnt.
The seagulls sang as the sea came in.
So far we have learnt….
Another note: Try not to use the same conjunction over and
over again. Vary them to make it more interesting!
Complex sentences are…
The hardest of all! So listen carefully…
The Small Print…
When you make a compound sentence you are joining two or more simple sentences together with a conjunction. If you took the conjunction away, the sentences would be complete and they would still make sense.
This isn't the same for complex sentences. Complex sentences don't just divide into neat, complete, simple sentences if you take out the conjunctions. In complex sentences the conjunction is used to join together clauses. A clause is a group of words that contains a subjectand a verb. Some of these clauses might be complete short sentences, but in a complex sentence at least one of them will depend on the conjunction for its meaning.
In other words, if you take the conjunction away, the sentence won't divide into complete units that make sense by themselves!
Thailand flourishes in March, although it
rains in August.
Thailand flourishes in March – Main clause (complete, short sentence)
Although – Conjunction
It rains in August – Subordinate clause (Called this because it doesn’t
really make sense on its own!)
While the breeze blew, people flew colourful
kites.
While – Conjunction (Yes, they can be at the beginning of sentences
too!)
The breeze blew – Subordinate clause
People flew colourful kites – Main clause (complete, short sentence)
Notice that only 1 of the 2 clauses in these sentences makes sense on its own!
I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak French.
When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page.
Some students like to study in the mornings.
Alicia goes to the library to study everyday.
Mark played football, so Maria went shopping.
Kelly and Beth went to the movies after they finished studying
COMPOUND
COMPLEX
SIMPLE
SIMPLE
COMPOUND
COMPLEX
Write a variety of these sentence types in
one of your writing tasks and label which
type each sentence is.
Task
Session 2
The subjunctive form.
The what?
The subjunctive form sounds scarier than it
actually is.
The subjunctive form is mostly used in
formal language
(if you were the queen for example).
It can be used to give advice of talk about
unreal situations.
Advice Unreal situations
• Advise
• Ask
• Command
• Demand
• Insist
• Propose
• Recommend
• Request
• Desire
• Wish
• Hope
• Dream
To advise
Noun/Pronou
n
Verb
(can change
for tense etc)
That Noun/Pronoun Infinitive verb
(must always be in root
form for the subjunctive
to be grammatically
correct)
I propose that dad listen
She demanded that he be
We command that she write
Sarah insist that John have
Mr Jones ask that the school team attend
• Advise
• Ask
• Command
• Demand
• Insist
• Propose
• Recommend
• Request
Unreal situations
If Noun/pronoun were situation
If I were rich
If I were famous
If he were to attend they party
If they were going to book the holiday
• Desire
• Wish
• Hope
• Dream
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• If I were chosen, I would do my best.
Or
• If you choose me, I would do my best.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• If I were chosen, I would do my best.
Or
• If you choose me, I would do my best.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• We ask that the match be postponed due to the rain.
Or
• We have asked for the match to be postponed due to the rain.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• We ask that the match be postponed due to the rain.
Or
• We have asked for the match to be postponed due to the rain.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• Honesty is part of our school rules.
Or
• Our school rules require that all children be honest.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• Honesty is part of our school rules.
Or
• Our school rules require that all children be honest.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• It is essential that the game begin at once.
Or
• The game needs to start now.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• It is essential that the game begin at once.
Or
• The game needs to start now.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• Please can Matthew come home at lunchtime?
Or
• I request that Matthew be allowed to come home.
Which is written in the subjunctive?
• Please can Matthew come home at lunchtime?
Or
• I request that Matthew be allowed to come home.
TASKS: WRITE 5 SENTENCES IN THE
SUBJUNCTIVE FORM
THEN CREATE A LEAFLET OR HOW TO
GUIDE TO EXPLAIN TO ANOTHER CHILD IN
YEAR 6 WHAT THE SUBJUNCTIVE IS AND
HOW TO USE IT.
Session 3
Change these conversations
into direct speech using all
speech punctuation correctly
• Jack’s mum: Beans? What are we going to do with
those?
• Jack: They are magic beans mum.
• Jack’s mum: Sure they are. I can’t believe you have sold
our only chance of money for some silly beans!
• Jack: But mum, the man said…
• Jack’s mum: I don’t care what the man said Jack. That’s
it. They’ve gone!
• Jack: Gone? Gone where?
• Jack’s mum: I threw them out of the window.