A Report on Textile InternshipBachelor of Fashion Technology (Apparel Production)Submitted By:Bhupinder PawarDivyanshu SagarShashank SachanShikhar MauryaTushty Choudhary Under the Guidance of Ms. Shipra SharmaDepartment of Fashion Technology National Institute of FashionTechnology, Kangra, August, 2015CertificateThis is to certify that this Project Report titled Textile Internship Arvind Shirting Division is based on our original research work, conducted under the guidance of Ms. Shipra Sharma towards partial fulfillment of the requirement for award of the Bachelors Degree in ashion Technology !"pparel Production#, of the $ational %nstitute of ashion Technology, &angra' $o part of this work has been copied from any other source' (aterial,where)er borrowed has been duly acknowledged'Bhupinder PawarDivyanshu SagarShashank SachanShikhar MauryaTushty ChoudharyB.F.Tech; Sem !"FT #angraP a g e| 2$cknow%edgement$t the outset& we wish to e'press our gratitude to every(ody who has assisted in formu%ation ofthis report. There are many to whom e'pression of gratitude is inevita(%e& (ut there some specia% peop%e who has to (e given prominence& without whom we wou%d not have reached theconc%usion of this pro)ect so *uick%y and so efficient%y.+e wou%d %ike to thank $rvind& Sante) unit for giving us the opportunity to undergo a training in the te'ti%e department and for e'tending their support towards us a%% throughout our internship.!o amount of ,ratitude is ade*uate for the -. Manager& (s' *hi)angi *heth and (r' *hubhanish (alhotra, Sante) /nit& $rvind Mi%%s for their consent in a%%owing us to conduct our internship in their venerated institution.+e a%so wish to thank the various department heads& managers& assistants and supervisors for their technica% guidance and assistance.+e wish to thank the Director (r'* & Bala *idharthand (rs' *hipra *harma providing this wonderfu% opportunity and motivation.+e take this opportunity to e'press our affection towards our parents for their consistent faith and support.Bhupinder PawarDivyanshu SagarShashank SachanShikhar MauryaTushty ChoudharyB.F.Tech; Sem !"FT #angraTa(%e of ContentsP a g e| 30. $(stract1. Company profi%e0.0. -istory0.1. ision and va%ues2. $im3. Course of action4. Spinning department4.0. B%ow room4.1. Carding4.2. Drawing4.3. Com(ing4.4. Speed frame5rovings64.7. .ing frame4.8. Two9for9one twisting4.:. Singeing 4.;. sch%er B%endomat BDT ?0;Cotton is passed from(a%es and then toapron. $pron moves cotton to (%ending apron.B%endingapronhassharpspikestheraisecotton unti% part of it is knocked off (y the ro%%.Some of the cotton stays on apron. The cottonknocked (ack (y ro%%and continues to (%endunti% pickedupagain(yapron.$nother ro%%strips off cotton that was not knocked (ack (y previous ro%%. Cotton fa%%s on conveyor(e%t and is carried to ne't process that is (%ending through an overhead duct.There was on%y one such machine there.1. For HpeningB Trut>sch%er BH ?37ing is one of the most important terms for weaving techno%ogy. $fter winding and warping& si>ing of yarn is done during (eam preparation. Si>ing is done (y app%ying various types of si>e materia%s on the yarn. During app%ication of si>e materia%s steam is needed.Si>ing is a protective process. The process of app%ying a protective adhesive coating upon the yarns surface is ca%%ed is si>ing. This is the most important operation to attain ma'imum weaving efficiency especia%%y for (%ended and fi%ament yarns. Si>ing is a%so ca%%ed as the heart of weaving.PurposeP a g e| 23,ig0 302,ig0 303 To improve the weave a(i%ity of warp yarn (y making it more resistance to action of weaving %ike a(sorption& friction& tension& etc. To maintain good *ua%ity fa(ric (y reducing hairiness& weakness and (y increasing smoothness and a(sor(ency of yarn. Tensi%e or (reaking strength of ce%%u%osic yarn is increased (y si>ing @%asticity of the yarn is a%so increased. By adding si>e materia%s yarn weight is increased. To increase the frictiona% resistance. Pro)ected fi(res are removed (y this process. To reduce e%ectrostatic formation. Types of Si>ing Pure si>ingB when the si>e pick up J is a(out 2 L 0? J it is ca%%ed pure si>ing. ing: when the si>e pick up J is a(out 00 907J it is ca%%ed %ight si>ing. Medium si>ingB when the si>e pick up J is a(out 08 L 3? J it is ca%%ed medium si>ing. -eavy si>ing: when the si>e pick up J is a(ove 3? J then it is ca%%ed heavy si>ing.Properties of Si>ed =arn -igher e%asticity -igher yarn strength e penetration and coating depends not on%y on the nature of yarn F the si>e so%ution (ut a%so upon the viscosity which in turn %arge%y depends on the temperature. "t shou%d (e a(out 1??FO91?7FO. F%uctuation shou%d (e P2 FO. The temperature gauge shou%d (e insta%%ed on the si>e (o'. Perforated copper pipe %ining is %aid in the (ottom of si>e (o' to supp%y the steam for keeping the paste warm up to the a(ove mentioned temperature. e paste which is a%so unsuita(%e to (e used as sticky paste. So to maintain the temperature of a(ove va%ue is very important. "f the si>e paste is prepared with rich P$ or CMC then temperature of 84CO to :?CO is sufficient.Moisture content in the yarnB9 The moisture content in the si>ed yarn shou%d not go (e%ow 7J. Htherwise the coating of si>e fi%m wi%% not a%%ow a(sor(ing moisture in the %oom shed which is necessary for good working. For this moisture monitor is (eing supp%ied with the machine. The temperature of the drying cy%inders shou%d (e kept 03?904? to maintain 798J moisture in the yarn.Programming the machineB9 The easy to fo%%ow visua%i>ation and recipe management& in which a%% the machine and te'ti%e parameters are stored& permit fast and simp%e programming.The temperature varied in these machines from 80 C 9 03?C and the speed varies in (etween 3?94? mCmin. The production of (eam dyed warp (eams was 293 (eamsCshift and that of the sectiona% warped (eam was of 497 (eamsCshift. The ma'imum ends per (eam were 04??? and minimum ends per (eam were 1???.They were a%so using 0 si>e paste mi'er and 2 si>e paste cookers& each of 0??? % capacity out of which one was open and 1 were c%osed. "n the open cooker a temperature of ;?C was maintained and the paste was cooked for 2? minutes. $nd in the c%osed cooker a temperature of 0??C was maintained and the paste was cooked for 3? minutes. P a g e| 26W EAVINGD EPARTMENT :+eaving is the inter%acing of warp fi%%ing yarns perpendicu%ar to each other at ;? degree. These are practica%%y an end%ess num(er of ways of inter%acing warp and fi%%ing yarn.P a g e| 27The waving machines are named after their fi%%ing insertion system. Schematics of the fi%%ing insertion systems that are used in the market areB +h4ttle Pro5e"tile Rigi% rapier ,lexi*le rapier Air 5et -ater 5etBased on the fi%%ing insertion system& the weaving machine can (e c%assified as shutt%e and shutt%e %ess weaving machines. Shutt%e %ooms have (een used for centuries to make woven fa(rics. Air et !ooms "r Air et #eft $nsertion %ystemThis system is most improved form of weft insertion. "n this system& the mechanism and machine parts have (een tota%%y e%iminated used to drive the weft insertion source. This faci%itates to increase the insertion rate up to 14?? p.p.m. This type of machine is first%y commercia%i>ed (y Swedish engineer Ma' Paa(o in 0;40. +eft thread is prope%%ed using P a g e| 28,ig0 502compressed air. "t is simp%e operation with reduced mechanica% parts and hence the maintenance cost is very %ow.The working princip%es of air )et weaving machines are (ased on carrying the yarn (y the friction of the air )et. During the yarnDs forward movement (y the air in the sheds& the ve%ocity of the weft yarn decreases (ecause of the decreasing pressure and the distur(ance on the air f%ow direction. The air )et must provide a constant speed to the weft yarn a%ong the weaving wideness. To preserve weaving defects and asynchronous (eat9up movement& the weft yarn position and the instant ve%ocity of the weft yarn must (e fu%%y contro%%ed during the weaving process. $dvantages of $ir9Met +eaving MachineB -igh productivity -igh fi%%ing insertion system .educed ha>ard (ecause of few moving parts %es through air pressure. +arp is seen vertica%%y on these machines and weft is hori>onta% to it. +eft enters through censors and passes the fu%% %o((y of warp and the dents of warp are set (efore starting the machine. Dents are defined as gap (etween two ends. The %arger the dents the %esser wi%% (ethe gap (etween two ends. ,enera%%y& one machine produces 4?? meters of .aw Fa(ric dai%y depends on picks. "n addition& to produce in such a hass%e environment you need to have 84 to :? J of humidity re*uired in every te'ti%e mi%%s and due to this 0?J contraction of fa(ric takes p%ace in weavingdepartment. There is inf%ow of coo% atmospheric air from a(ove f%oor and outf%ow of air venti%ation is given at underground %eve%. There is air (%ower attached on the a(ove of such machines to remove unwanted fi(ers on machines& which is continuous%y rotating for c%eaning purpose. $fter one (eam is over there is a need for knotting to have a continuous production for .aw Fa(ric and for that& this department is having a #notting machine to )oin the ne't (eam. There are indicators on each machine for the Termino%ogies such as T9 Tota% Breakages+9 +arp Damages F9 +eft Breakages ing consists of an se*uestering agent 5ation running at a speed of 71mCmin and temperature was kept near a(out 03? C. $fter sanfori>ation& if re*uired the fa(ric ro%% is sent for a 2 (ow% ca%endaring machine made (y .amisch ,uarneri.The company a%so had 2 %aufer machines for peach and car(onium finish. I NSPECTION& Q UALITYA SSURANCED EPARTMENT :$rvind is committed at providing the (est *ua%ity of fa(ric to the consumers for over :? years now. The *ua%ity contro% is an integrated process that starts when the customer gives the order& and the D!T, deve%ops the samp%es according%y& it is checked for *ua%ity assurance P a g e| 3464alit. Ass4ran"e64alit. Ass4ran"eTestingTestingPh.si"al TestingPh.si"al Testing$hemi"al Testing$hemi"al Testing+ha%e testing+ha%e testingPro"ess $ontrolPro"ess $ontrolshipment "learan"eshipment "learan"e"erti7"ation an% a""re%itation"erti7"ation an% a""re%itationInspe"tionInspe"tionin pro"essin pro"ess7nal7nalmeasures and comp%iances with customer needs. $t %ater stages the fa(ric is inspected and testing of parameters of fa(ric is done.@ssentia%%y there are 1 ma)or parts of *ua%ity assurance $rvind fo%%ows 0?? percent inspection procedures.The acceptance %eve% of the fa(ric depends on the customer preferences."nspection department uses 08 #itamura Machine to find such defects in fa(rics.The inspection frame is a%igned at an ang%e (etween 34 and 7? degrees. Speed of fa(ric on inspection mCcB 14mCmination Merceri>ation imparts shining characteristic to the fa(ric.+ashing after merceri>ation generates typica% eff%uent containing caustic so%ution and other impurities. B%eaching is done (y pero'ide method.Main treatment faci%ityB @ff%uent in the form of generated from the si>ing F de9si>ing& (%eaching F sections are su()ected to processes& (oth physica% and chemica% @ff%uent is co%%ected in an e*ua%i>ation tank. P a g e| 43 $fter p- ad)ustment there is addition of po%y e%ectro%ytes Then the eff%uent is sent to the c%arifier for sedimentation.@ff%uent from the dying unit is co%%ected separate%y in an e*ua%i>ation tank whereB p- is ad)usted and a chemica% is added in acidic medium 5p- 4.46 to deco%ori>e theeff%uent. The unit uses a chemica% Micro P%us which is c%aimed to act as a co%or remova% agent. This eff%uent is then mi'ed with the entire eff%uent from the merceri>ed& si>ing F humidification sections.These eff%uents are then fed into (io%ogica% system comprising of degradation of organic components (y microorganisms Then it is sent to sedimentation in c%arifier and to the aeration unit. "n the aeration unit it is kept for a time of appro'imate%y 07 hours DH %eve% is maintained at 1.4 to 2.?.Pre9 treatment faci%ityBPretreatment or primary treatment faci%ities are adopted (efore the eff%uent is su()ected to reverse osmosis. This stage comprises of two unit operations in succession tur(ocircu%ator fo%%owed (y pressure sand fi%ter. Tur(o circu%ator is (asica%%y a f%ash mi'er.$fter main treatment faci%ity& poly aluminum chloride> poly electrolyte are added in the eff%uent and are passed to tur(o9circu%ator and then to the sand fi%ter (efore (eing su()ected to reverse osmosis. The unit has intermediate storage tank of capacity 13?? cu(ic meter for storage of the treated eff%uent..everse HsmosisB $fter pre9treatment the eff%uent is sent to the reverse osmosis p%ant. .everse osmosis is )ust the reverse process of osmosis. Hsmosis as we know& is a natura% process and is the tendency of two %i*uids of different concentrations separated (y a semi permea(%e mem(rane& to move from %ow to high concentrations for chemica% potentia% e*ui%i(rium. But in reverse osmosis& when high pressure is app%ied& %i*uid moves from high concentration to %ower concentration. .everse 5.H6 is a method that removes many types of %arge and fromso%utions (y app%ying pressure to the so%ution when it is on one side of a se%ective . The resu%tis that the is retained on the pressuri>ed side of the mem(rane and the pure is a%%owed to pass to the other side.P a g e| 42.e)ect of the reverse osmosis p%ant is fed into the desa%ination p%ant 5therma%6. Backwash of the sand fi%ter is fed into the main treatment faci%ity.So%id +aste ManagementB $%% the units (e%ieve in waste minimi>ation measures. The p%ant is provided with ade*uate s%udge Dewatering faci%ities with decanter centrifuges. De9watered s%udge is dried in so%ar evaporation pans for further vo%ume reduction. +aste oi% generated in a%% the units is recyc%ed. Po%ythene %iners& discarded containers are disposed9off to the respective (uyers.C ONCLUSION :"n this internship modu%ewe have %earnt %ot of things. +ehavegonethroughsevendepartmentsthat arespinningdepartment& yarndyeingdepartment& warpingdepartment&P a g e| 42si>ing department& weaving department and processing and finishing department in this timeperiod. $t the end of the internship we come to know a(out minute detai%s of te'ti%e industryand how it works. +e %earnt manufacturing and p%anning process of the industry. /nder thisinternship schedu%e& a%% the *ua%ified appointed peop%e he%ped and guided us inunderstanding and %earning different aspects of the industry. "n weaving division& we checked the PPCdepartment& A$department& rawmateria%department& warpingdepartment& si>ingdepartment& autodrawingdepartment& productiondepartment& inspection and fo%ding department& and a%so uti%ity and maintenance department.B IBLIOGRAPHY : ,%ock and #un>& Fa(ric science P a g e| 43 M T Marsh& Fa(ric Finishing B P Cor(man& Te'ti%e Science Tortora& /nderstanding Te'ti%es#'-2)'0')'/.'% www.arvindmi%%s.com www.garmento.org www.te'ti%e%earner.(%ogspot.in www.cottoninc.com www.te'ti%eschoo%.com www.te'ti%efashionstudy.com www.fi(re1fashion.com www.te'ti%eschoo%.comP a g e| 44