COLLISION AVOIDANCE FUNDAMENTALS ACCURACY In all relevant operational scenarios RELIABILITY In all environmental conditions SIMPLICITY Easy to Use, Install & Maintain COUPLE WITH THE RIGHT PRIORITISATION: 1. People 2. Equipment 3. Infrastructure
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1. FUNDAMENTALS FOR A SUCCESSFUL COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM
ACCURACY In all relevant operational scenarios ! RELIABILITY In all
environmental conditions ! SIMPLICITY Easy to Use, Install &
Maintain ! ! COUPLE WITH THE RIGHT PRIORITISATION: 1. People 2.
Equipment 3. Infrastructure
2. COMMITTED TO PROVEN, ACCURATE & RELIABLE COLLISION
AVOIDANCE Mining represents some of the most challenging
environments for operators and equipment to work in. ! Open Pit
operations utilises oversized equipment operating across great and
complex areas. ! Underground mines plunge to great depths in narrow
and elaborate tunnel systems. Both types of mining represents
extreme conditions that affect the safety of operators as well as
the equipment performance. ! The process of safely managing people
and machine interaction 24/7/365 days a year adds immense
complexity to equipment, environment, logistics and costs
management; but most of all adds significant risk to the miners
most valuable assets; its people. ! Implementation of ACCURATE
& RELIABLE Collision Avoidance that DO NOT RELY on 3rd party
technology such as GPS, RFID or WIFI; a fundamental step towards
SAFER MINING.
3. ANY COLLISION AVOIDANCE SHOULD ASPIRE TOWARDS Intelligent
technology choice; Highly configurable, Scalable & Future
proofed. Ensure People protection Be Simple to use and maintain
Ability to remove false positive alerts today and in the future. Do
not rely on 3rd party infrastructure (GPS,GNSS, Wi-Fi etc)
Centralised Management, Local and Remote Data Logging Critical
Situational Awareness (contextual) UG and Above ground capabilities
Interface to Machines and other site systems ! While meeting the
above, the CAS must be Cost Effective, Robust and Reliable in order
to increase safety in mining while supporting production processes.
!
4. HOW TO MAKE AN INTELLIGENT CAS TECHNOLOGY CHOICE? GPS/GNSS
UHF RFID Electro-magnetic Ultra Wide Band Radar Laser WASP
5. CAS TECHNOLOGIES TODAY; THE FACTS Technology Strengths
Weaknesses UHF RFID Ultra High Frequency Long Range, Inexpensive,
UG & Surface compatible. Poor range accuracy, Susceptible to
environment & metallic blind spots. Poor around corner
functionality. EM RFID Electromagnetic Field Very accurate ranging,
penetrates the rock, imperious to large metal obstructions.
Relatively short range*, Larger sensor footprint. (Industry
Standard 20m, Minetec TTR 50m) WASP Wireless Adhoc System for
Positioning Very accurate ranging, resilient to multipath and
noise, narrow band, Inbuilt Adhoc meshing. UG & Surface
compatible. No TTR UWB Ultra Wide Band Inexpensive, accurate
ranging. UG & Surface compatible. Poor multipath and noise
tolerance, very wide bandwidth, medium range, poor performance in
high densities. No TTR Global Positioning System (GPS)
Complementary to other technologies, readily available. Only
surface suitable, expensive to enable personnel and light vehicles,
limited accuracy. Heavily relies on LOS to satellites (dust or
obstructions hinder availability). Radar Passive Radar Ranging
Reliable, UG & Surface compatible. Accurate. Short range,
Susceptible to environment & metallic blind spots. Poor around
corner functionality. LRS Laser Ranging Systems Accurate, UG &
Surface compatible. Programming vehicle contouring available.
Expensive, Short range, Susceptible to environment & dust.
Requires heavy maintenance. US CAS Ultra Sonic Accurate, Medium
Range, UG & Surface compatible. Susceptible to environment
(Acoustic Noise) Requires Regular maintenance. Video Imaging -
Peripheral Vision Systems (PVS) Adopted easily by operators,
complements other systems Requires regular maintenance, relies on
operators to see and respond.
6. 3D COLLISION AVOIDANCE OVERVIEW Real-time Collision
Avoidance/Proximity Awareness for all Equipment types &
Personnel in UG & Open-Pit Mining. ! Advanced accurate
Through-The-Rock, Through building, Through waste Electro-Mag
technology for both underground & open pit applications
0.5-50m. Advanced accurate HP technology, for both open pit,
underground CAS & HP Personnel Tracking 10cm-400m. Simple
deployment, ease of use and maintenance. Dynamic zoning that
adjusts to; Speed Geographical-Area Operational Processes Equipment
type Operators skill level ! Dual Mesh standards; WASP Proprietary
& Secure CAS technology Wi-Fi for NON-critical data such as
reporting. Onboard logging and config, remote logging and
config.
7. WASP Wireless Ad-hoc System for Positioning ! Exclusive
partnership with CSIRO established. Product development started in
2006, site trials in 2008. R&D site projects in 2009/10,
culminating in first large scale implementations in 2013. !
Terrestrial localisation systems are required where GPS is
unavailable e.g. Underground, in-house, submarines etc.. WASP
solves challenging tracking & navigation applications not
addressed by current technology. ! Features of the system: ! Time
of Arrival (TOA) based technology High accuracy localisation 10 cm
outdoors line of sight 20 cm indoors line of sight Provides high
rate data communications Data OFDM 4 Mbps (BPSK), 8 Mbps (QPSK)
Time stamp signal, accurate TOA at receiver 5.8 GHz class licence
(ISM) frequency band 125 MHz bandwidth Typical 50 mW transmit power
! ! THE WASP TECHNOLOGY
8. THE KEY WORD IS: PROVEN Proven Accuracy = 0.11m
9. THE KEY WORD IS: PROVEN
10. SYSTEM COMPONENTS High Precision Sensor ! ! High Precision
Touch Screen ! ! Warning Display ! ! Through-The-Rock Transmitter !
! Through-The-Rock Receiver ! ! Personal Protection Device (PPD)
(High Precision, Cap-Lamp, external etc)
11. SYSTEM COMPONENTS: THE HP SENSOR Mil$Spec$Power$ and$data$
$ Mul2ple$easy$moun2ng$ op2ons$available$ $ Op2onal$External$
Antenna$ Ruggedized$IP66$ Polycarbonate$Enclosure$
$Sub$metre$ToA$Accuracy$up$to$10$ cm$on$configurable$zones$$
$Standalone$contextual$awareness$ up$to$400m$LOS$
12. SYSTEM COMPONENTS: HP TOUCH SCREEN Configurable,
Alert,Zone, , Alarm,List, , Mute, Bu?on, , SafeDetect,
Protected,Host, Vehicle, Highlighted, Sector, Dynamic zone
adjustment on machine status Multiple vehicle and personnel
monitoring Camera interface
14. SYSTEM COMPONENTS: MAGNETIC FIELD TECHNOLOGY TTR- Magnetic
Through The Rock Technology Minetec long range TTR 50m / 360
degrees ! Features of the system: ! Low Frequency, Magnetic Wave
125kHz Narrowband transmissions ASK Digitally encoded ID !
Through-the-Earth (TTE) Operation Proximity detection up to 50m,
360o radius Resilient to underground EMI Ranging accuracies of 5%
of configured range Peer-to-Peer Technology No 3rd party dependency
2.4-2.5GHz Discrete Channel Unique digital ID IP66 (Water/Dust
Egress) IEC 60068-2 (Storage/OperaKon) IEC 60068-2-27
(Shock/VibraKon) Explosives/Dets (Dyno Nobel US)
15. PEOPLE SAFETY FIRST: PERSONNEL PROTECTION Sub metre
localisation & Situational Awareness. ! No reliance on 3rd
party infrastructure (ex Wifi, WiMax, GPS, GNSS etc) ! Lightweight
and simple to use ! Audio/Visual/Vibration alarm ! Centralised
administration ! Integrates with 3rd party systems
18. or Parked Parked Reversing HV LV Overtaking HV Reversing HV
into dump Parked or Approaching parked vehicle Intersection HV
approaching roadwork HV Approaching / passing structure Shovel
rotating / swinging Following Same lanes Reversing Parked Multiple
reversing HV SURFACE MINING SCENARIOS HV Heavy Vehicle LV Light
Vehicle HV Grader PT Personnel SO Stationary Object
19. DYNAMIC ZONING: SPEED, GEO-AREA, EQUIP TYPE, OPERATIONAL
PRACTICE & OPERATOR CONFIG EX. Configurable detection of
multiple dynamic zones that adjusts to; Speed, Road profile,
Geo-Area ,Operational Processes, Equipment type & operators
skill level. ! BLUE represents an AWARENESS zone for the operator
OR a central dispatch. GREEN represents a SAFE zone or a SAFE
distance between a HV-HV, HV-LV or LV-LV. YELLOW represents a
WARNING zone, for which client specific notifications can be
defined. RED represents a DANGER zone, for which client specific
actions can be defined including machine control, operator alarm
and centralised alarming etc.
20. DYNAMIC ZONING - RESTRICTED VISION SAFEDETECT remains as
reliable in all rain, fog, snow, dust, mud, oil and other
contaminants that would impact conventional awareness technologies;
the threat is identified 400m in advance, its approach defined as
well as what type of threat even with the ability to identify Who
is in the equipment.
21. DYNAMIC ZONING - PEOPLE VS MINING REALITIES SAFEDETECTs
High-Precision Personnel Protection Device interacts with the
SAFEDETECT technology onboard each HV and LV as well ties into the
comms infrastructure to allow for threat management and location
tracking of all assets including the mines most valuable; its
people.
22. RELIABILITY, ACCURACY, REDUNDANCY AND PERFORMANCE: BASIC
STANDARDS, WHERE SAFETY AND PRODUCTIVITY IS REQUIRED
25. UNDERGROUND MINING SCENARIOS UG#Miner#to#FSM#Scenario! FSM
Receiver/Transmitter Miner Free Steer Machine (FSM) Miner Personnel
Protection Device (PPD) CAP LAMP VERSION Miner Personnel Protection
Device (PPD) LOCATOR VERSION
26. UNDERGROUND: TRT AND LONG DISTANCE MODE
27. UNDERGROUND MINING SCENARIOS Anchor Node Master Node Mobile
Tag Personnel Tag Typical Deployment: ! 2 Anchor Nodes installed on
each pillar Anchor Nodes placed on diagonal corners of pillars to
support minimum coverage of 3 Nodes per operational area
(A,B&C) 1 Master Node every 5 pillars (10 Hops) 2 Mobile Tags
per continuous miner & shuttle car Front/ Rear protection) 1
Mobile Tag per vehicle (e.g. Roof Bolter) 1 Personnel Tag per
miner/operator A B C
28. UNDERGROUND MINING SCENARIOS A Operational Area A: ! LOS
connectivity to Anchor Nodes 1,2&3 Connectivity to Master Node
via Node 2 Sub-meter accuracy & protection achieved 1 2 3
Anchor Node Master Node Mobile Tag Personnel Tag
29. UNDERGROUND MINING SCENARIOS B 1 2 3 Operational Area B: !
LOS connectivity to Anchor Nodes 1,2&3 LOS connectivity to
Master Node via Node 2 Sub-meter accuracy & protection achieved
Anchor Node Master Node Mobile Tag Personnel Tag
30. UNDERGROUND MINING SCENARIOS C 1 2 3 Operational Area C: !
LOS connectivity to Anchor Nodes 1,2&3 Connectivity to Master
Node via Node 1 Sub-meter accuracy & protection achieved Anchor
Node Master Node Mobile Tag Personnel Tag
31. UNDERGROUND MINING SCENARIOS Master Nodes deployed to
Machinery - Multiple Master Nodes Anchor Node Master Node Mobile
Tag Personnel Tag
32. EXPANDED CAPABILITIES - EXAMPLES Personnel Tag ApplicaKons
! Geo-Fencing ! Waste Dump ProtecKon ! HPGPS AugmentaKon Truck less
Mining
34. EXPANDED CAPABILITIES - PERSONNEL DEVICE " " " # " " " "
40km/h 40km/h 20km/h N/A 40km/h 40km/h 20km/h 10km/h ! Workshop,
Pit, Haul Roads, Equipment type, Stock Pile area permissions
matched with Personnel Specific rules. ! Use the PPD to trigger
different zone profiles, Speed restrictions etc.
35. Systems Architecture example Typical Minetec Implementation
Mobile Mining Plant ETS Block Overview Command Centre NovaTel GNSS
Receivers WASP TraxTags HP Localis ation Augme ntation Interfac e
Magnetic Field Sensors LiDAR Sensors* CAPD Interfac e WASP TraxTags
HP 3D Linux Processor Navigation & Control System Localisation
System Collision Avoidance/ Proximity Detection System Master
Controller Block Overview Automatic Machine Movement and Manoeuvres
Simulation Engine SMARTS PLC and Mechatronic Systems Spatial
Control Systems Coordinator/Master
36. ETS System Overview The ETS is a distributed control system
providing spatial control over mobile mining plant via Industrial
PCs and PLCs: ! Minetec can support the ETS Project with the
following enabling technologies: TraxTags HP: A ToA and INS based
tracking solution to bolster the localisation systems required for
reliable intersection alignment of machinery, and general spatial
awareness in support of GNSS via an augmentation interface.
SafeDetect: The magnetic field technology, coupled with ToA gives
support for Collision Avoidance & Proximity Detection for
Mobile Mining Plant, Light Vehicles and Personnel. Spatially aware
machines, using GNSS, TraxTags HP and LiDAR scanners Collision
avoidance system Automatic control of mobile machines
37. Systems Architecture TraxTags HP nodes GNSS Receivers
TraxTags HP nodes Anchor Node Master Node Mobile Tag GNSS Receivers
Anchor Node (Trailer Optional) GNSS Receivers Master Node Anchor
Node (Trailer Optional) Number of Sensors Reduced for simplicity
All sensor information collated through local Industrial
Processor
38. Stacker Reclaimer Application Anchor Node Master Node
Mobile Tag GNSS Receivers All sensor information for Localisation
system and CAPD system collated through local Industrial Processor
Mobile Sizing Rig or Mobile Crushing Rig Electric Rope Shovels All
sensor information for Localisation system and CAPD system collated
through local Industrial Processor
39. Stacker Reclaimer Application Anchor Node Master Node
Mobile Tag GNSS Receivers Portable Modular Conveyor Mobile Belt
Wagon All sensor information for Localisation system and CAPD
system collated through local Industrial Processor All sensor
information for Localisation system and CAPD system collated
through local Industrial Processor Cable Reel Car or Driven Hopper
Car All sensor information for Localisation system and CAPD system
collated through local Industrial Processor
40. OSWS Application Anchor Node Master Node Mobile Tag GNSS
Receivers Personnel Tag GNSS Receivers & TraxTags HP Nodes are
installed on all critical points of MMP GNSS and TraxTags HP
Information is passed back to the MMP localised augmentation
interface via the TraxTags HP data channel Trailers offer optional
anchor nodes for the TraxTags HP System. Up to 10 hops can be
catered for between any node and the Master node.
41. OSWS Application Anchor Node Master Node Mobile Tag GNSS
Receivers Personnel Tag GNSS Receivers & TraxTags HP Nodes are
installed on all auxiliary MMP and service vehciles Magnetic Field,
TraxTags HP & LiDAR sensor information is passed back over the
TraxTags HP data channel and interpreted by the CAPD interface
Optional Trailers are pictured
42. HWS Application Anchor Node Master Node Mobile Tag GNSS
Receivers Personnel Tag GNSS Receivers & TraxTags HP Nodes are
installed on all critical points of MMP allowing precise virtual
coupling between mobile conveyors. Magnetic Field, TraxTags HP
sensor information gives contextual awareness for personnel,
machines and service vehicles
43. Project concept overview 1,5 m Using a combination of Fixed
and mobile infrastructure we install around the dump creating an
accurate tracking area. Nodes installed on Truck and/or integrated
into SafeDetect system
44. Project concept overview Using a combination of
SafeDetect/Traxtags2 technology Import dump model into system (
picture file or .dxf/.dwg) Create a zone/Geofence around area to
warn trucks of dump zone. ( either via labelled line in .dxf or via
walk around)
45. Project concept overview Truck is Alerted via screen and
directed on Dumping position. ! If Truck goes near other devices
Collision Avoidance mode automatically assumed
46. Project concept overview R&D add on modules: ! Add on
detection units to detect wall/pit drop off from rear of vehicle
using integrated dual radar technology Customization of Geofencing
in Openpit environment Vehicle interface kit ( OEM will require
consulting)
47. TRAXTAGSII SHOVEL TRACK The TraxTagsII solution Tracks a
shovel arm, which takes as an example 120 tonnes of material from
the mining face in its bucket and places it on a conveyor belt. The
purpose of tracking is initially to alert the operator when
approaching the operational movement limits of the arm, and
secondly to automate the travel and dump cycle at maximum speed
with the operator only performing a manual pickup of the dirt from
the face. TraxTagsII is used as the core technology with select
modules added for Shovel specific interfaces. ! Standalone position
calculation in real time of : ! Load to truck position Bucket to
loader and bucket to truck Calculation of shovel
angle/acceleration/tilt third party interfaces for payload
calculation and monitoring ! The TraxTagsII Shovel Track is
designed to have the highest degree reliability with the following
benefits; ! Non intrusive to install No modification needed on the
equipment Minimal maintenance 100% integration with SAFEDETECT
Collision Avoidance, SMARTS and 360 degree ORLACO camera systems.
!! !
48. ABOUT COMMS INTERNATIONAL Comms International designs,
deploys and supports fit-for-purpose, performance-driven
communications & technology integration solutions; engineered
to improve efficiency, safety and productivity for our clients.
Comms International serves the global Underground and Open-Pit
Mining industries as well as Rail and Off/On-shore Oil&Gas.
Comms International has its origins in Australia spanning almost
two decades and our Brazilian foundation in TecWise Sistemas de
Automaao having operated with excellence for 17 years. Comms
International is a privately owned, debt free company with a focus
on the Brazilian, European & African markets, with an
international expansion program targeting parts of Asia based on
client pull. We are fortunate to attract and retain some of the
worlds leading Communications engineers & Technology
integration specialist, which are directly involved in the design
and management of our different solutions. It is our goal to
continue to grow into new markets, leveraging our current
relationship base and case experiences to attract and retain the
best-of-breed people talent to support and work with our clients. !
- RF AGNOSTIC WIRELESS ENGINEERING & APP MANAGEMENT - SMART
AUTOMATION SOLUTIONS - 3D TRACKING & 3D COLLISION AVOIDANCE -
ENABLING INFRASTRUCTURE - SMART PMR SOLUTIONS - AIRBUS
49. 50 Phone: +44 207 193 4247 Fax: +44 207 117 4460
[email protected] TecWise Sistemas de Automaao Ltda
Phone: +55 31 3019-0129 [email protected] Rua Rio
Grande do Norte, 1164/501 (Savassi), Belo Horizonte. Brasil