Ecosystems
Warm Up: List all of the components of this
ecosystemhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6ubvEJ3KGMLearning Goals
and ActivitiesCompare and contrast biotic and abiotic factors in an
ecosystem Explain where organisms get their energyTrack energy as
it flows throughout an ecosystemPowerPointVideosHomework: Work on
notes and homework packetEcosystem: all of the organisms living
together with their physical environmentECOSYSTEMS: Everything is
Connected
Components of an EcosystemIn order to survive, ecosystems need 5
components:EnergyMineral nutrientsWaterOxygenLiving OrganismsBiotic
and Abiotic FactorsBioticAbioticLiving and once-living
NonlivingEnergy Flow in EcosystemsWhat is the ultimate source of
energy for almost all organisms?Life Depends on the
SunPhotosynthesis: the process by which plants, algae and bacteria
use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce carbohydrates and
oxygen.
6CO + 6H0 + solar energy CHO + 6O
From Producers to Consumers Producer (autotroph): organism that
makes its own food. Consumer (heterotrophs): organisms that get
their energy by eating other organisms.ConsumersPrimary, Secondary
and Tertiary Consumers
Decomposers and ScavengersBreak down dead organisms and returns
nutrients to soil, water and air.Example: Fungi and
BacteriaScavengers - prevent spread of diseases Vultures TED
TalksThe significance of
scavengers...http://www.ted.com/talks/munir_virani_why_i_love_vultures.html
Food Chains and Food WebsFood chains: sequence in which energy
is transferred from one organism to the next as each organism eats
another organism.Food web: shows many feeding relationships that
are possible in an ecosystem.Food Chains
Food WebsProducers?Primary consumers?Secondary
consumers?Tertiary consumers?
18
Identify 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th level consumers in this food
web.18What type of ecosystems does not receive their energy from
the sun?http://www.montereyinstitute.org/noaa/lesson05.html
Deep-Ocean EcosystemsChemosynthesis: Bacteria use hydrogen
sulfide from hydrothermal vents to make their food.Other underwater
organisms eat this bacteria.Exit TicketWhy might the abundance of
life at hydrothermal vents support the idea that there is life
beyond Earth?Trophic Levels and Energy Transfer23
Identify 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th level consumers in this food
web.23Trophic LevelsEach step in the transfer of energy through a
food web in an ecosystem is a trophic level.
Trophic LevelsEach time energy is transferred, some of the
energy is lost as heat and less is available to organisms at the
next tropic level.
10% Rule90% of energy is used for everyday functioni.e.: body
temp., movement10% is stored and then transferred to the
consumer.
100%10%1%0.1%10% rule in action1 lb of VULTURE
10 lbs of HUMAN
100 lbs of COW 1000 lbs of GRASS 10%10%10%10% rule in actionWhat
trophic level should the bulk of the biomass be in an ecosystem?
ProducersExample- The Savanna of Africa100 km2 of grasses (10 km x
10 km)Herd of 1000 wildebeestsPride of 15 lionsThe higher up the
food chain, the less available energy less top-level consumers4th
or 5th level consumers are rare in nature10%
Rulehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ScizkxMlEOM
