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Dr. Vivencio Ven Ballano


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WHAT IS COMMON OF THE VARIOUS DEFINITIONS: HISTORY IS

A SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE PAST.


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HISTORY is a science whosebusiness is to study events notaccessible to our observation, andto study these events inferentially,arguing to them from something

else which is accessible to ourobservation, and which thehistorian calls evidence for theevents in which he is interested(Philippine Encyclopedia of theSocial Sciences1993: 1).

HISTORY is not merely therecord of past events: it is therecord of what one age findsworthy of note in another.


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HISTORY iskasaysayan orhistory as narrative (whichbe written, visual, oral or acombination of all these)about past events that hasmeaning to a certain groupof people in a given timeand place.

THE BLOOD COMPACT BETWEENSIKATUNA AND LEGAZPI IN BOHOL

TWO COMPONENTS ofkasaysayansalaysay andsaysay are inseparable.

Without both, one cannothave true history.

HISTORY or kasaysayan is not just a narrative orsalaysayit MUST have saysay or meaning. If one findsmeaning in history, he said, it will gain power to changepeoples lives (Ocampo 2001: x).


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Whatever definition or description one has onhistory, the fact remains that the process ofwriting history is problematic and subject todifferent interpretation.

Postmodernists have long challenged theassumption that the mind can attain anobjective description of reality: there is nosuch thing as objectivity but only sharedsubjectivity, that is, there is no fixed norm

of what is objective but only a consensus ofpeople in a community on what isconsidered objective.


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When one describes and writesan event, the writer can onlycapture a portion of what s/hehas seen using his/her sense of

sight, other data which can beattained through the othersenses such as the smell, thesound, touch, and taste areobviously missed out. Wordscannot capture the totality of

even for just one event oraction. Moreover, historian as awriter can only choose oneperspective or point of view onhow to describe the event.


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Even though there is diversity ofopinion and interpretation ofhistorians to historical events, thereare certain things which manyhistorians agree as historical facts

which cannot be subjected to debate.

Thus, some historical figures, datesand places are generally consideredas historical facts by historians.These conventions of particular

history which practitionersrecognized as given or assumed tobe true.


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According to Carr (1970), history is a studyof human achievement. The past isintelligent to us only in the light of thepresent and the present can be fullyunderstood only in the light of the past. Toenable us to understand society of the past

and to increase our mastery over the societyof the present is the dual function of history(Carr 1970: 102

we cannot fully understand the present

situation in Philippine society unless wehave a firm grasp of the past.


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Says Ocampo: The point toremember is that history doesnot repeat itself. We repeathistory (Ocampo 2001:xviii).Thus, to avoid repeating thesame mistakes and errors in thepast that plague the nation, it isimperative that young people,

especially students who arefuture leaders of this country,must study history and learnfrom its lessons.


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