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Synthetic Fibres & Plastics


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Synthetic Fibres

Synthetic fibresare the result of

extensive research by scientists to

improve on naturally

occurring animal and plant fibres. Ingeneral, synthetic fibres are created by

forcing, usually through extrusion, fibre

forming materials through holes (calledspinnerets) into the air, forming a thread.


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Synthetic Fibres


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NylonMonomer- Hexamethylene)

Nylon is a generic designation for afamily of synthetic polymers known

generically as polyamides, first

produced on February 28, 1935,

by Wallace Carothers.


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PolyesterMonomer- Ester)

Polyester is a category of polymers which

contain the ester functional group in theirmain chain. Although there are many

polyesters, the term "polyester" as a specific

material most commonly refers

to polyethylene terephthalate (PET).


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RayonMonomer-Cellulose)Rayon is a manufactured

regenerated cellulose fibre. Because it is

produced from naturally

occurring polymers, it is neither a

truly synthetic fibre nor a natural fibre; it is

a semi-synthetic


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Acrylic

(Monomer- Polyacrylonitrile)

Acrylic fibers are synthetic fibers madefrom a polymer (polyacrylonitrile) with

an average molecular weight of

~100,000, about 1900 monomer units


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Disadvantages of Synthetics Synthetic fibers melt before

burning

Some electrical chargeaccumulates on the syntheticfibers. The electrical chargecauses irritation of the skin.

Extremely hazardous to theenvironment.

Can make you overheat


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Advantages of Synthetics

Synthetic fibers do not dependeither on an agricultural crop or

on animal farming. They are generally cheaper than

natural fibre.

Synthetic fibers possess uniquecharacteristics which make them

popular dress material.

The dr u uickl are durable


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Plastics


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PlasticsA plastic material is any of a wide range

of synthetic or semi-

synthetic organic solids that

are mouldable. Plastics aretypically organic polymers of

high molecular mass, but they often

contain other substances. They areusually synthetic, most commonly

derived from petrochemicals, but many

are partially natural.


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Thermoplastics

A Thermoplastic, also known as

a thermosoftening plastic, is

a polymer that becomes pliable or

moldable above a specific temperature,

and returns to a solid state upon cooling


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Thermosetting PlasticsA thermosetting plastic, also known as

a thermoset, is polymer material that

irreversibly cures. The cure may be done

through heat (generally above 200C (392 F)), through a chemical reaction

(two-part epoxy, for example),

or irradiation such as electron beamprocessing.


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Be AlertMelamine CancerIf you eat in a Melamine Plate, you may

become a victim of Melamine Cancer.

Melamine is a thermosetting plastic and

is non-biodegradable. While eatingwhen we scratch the plate with the

spoon, the melamine coating also goes

into our body which may cause Cancer.Check under your plates whether

Melamine made is written or not. Use

Bone China, Glass or Steel Plates


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Plastic Harm to EnvironmentPlastics have transformed modern

society, providing attractive benefits

but also befouling waterways and

aquifers, depleting petroleum suppliesand disrupting human health.


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The 3 RsReducing the amount of waste you produce

is the best way to help the environment.

Instead of throwing things away, try to find

ways to use them again! Many of thethings we use every day, like paper bags,

soda cans, and milk cartons, are made out

of materials that can be recycled.


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