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Synthetic Fibres & Plastics
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Synthetic Fibres
Synthetic fibresare the result of
extensive research by scientists to
improve on naturally
occurring animal and plant fibres. Ingeneral, synthetic fibres are created by
forcing, usually through extrusion, fibre
forming materials through holes (calledspinnerets) into the air, forming a thread.
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Synthetic Fibres
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NylonMonomer- Hexamethylene)
Nylon is a generic designation for afamily of synthetic polymers known
generically as polyamides, first
produced on February 28, 1935,
by Wallace Carothers.
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PolyesterMonomer- Ester)
Polyester is a category of polymers which
contain the ester functional group in theirmain chain. Although there are many
polyesters, the term "polyester" as a specific
material most commonly refers
to polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
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RayonMonomer-Cellulose)Rayon is a manufactured
regenerated cellulose fibre. Because it is
produced from naturally
occurring polymers, it is neither a
truly synthetic fibre nor a natural fibre; it is
a semi-synthetic
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Acrylic
(Monomer- Polyacrylonitrile)
Acrylic fibers are synthetic fibers madefrom a polymer (polyacrylonitrile) with
an average molecular weight of
~100,000, about 1900 monomer units
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Disadvantages of Synthetics Synthetic fibers melt before
burning
Some electrical chargeaccumulates on the syntheticfibers. The electrical chargecauses irritation of the skin.
Extremely hazardous to theenvironment.
Can make you overheat
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Advantages of Synthetics
Synthetic fibers do not dependeither on an agricultural crop or
on animal farming. They are generally cheaper than
natural fibre.
Synthetic fibers possess uniquecharacteristics which make them
popular dress material.
The dr u uickl are durable
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Plastics
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PlasticsA plastic material is any of a wide range
of synthetic or semi-
synthetic organic solids that
are mouldable. Plastics aretypically organic polymers of
high molecular mass, but they often
contain other substances. They areusually synthetic, most commonly
derived from petrochemicals, but many
are partially natural.
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Thermoplastics
A Thermoplastic, also known as
a thermosoftening plastic, is
a polymer that becomes pliable or
moldable above a specific temperature,
and returns to a solid state upon cooling
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Thermosetting PlasticsA thermosetting plastic, also known as
a thermoset, is polymer material that
irreversibly cures. The cure may be done
through heat (generally above 200C (392 F)), through a chemical reaction
(two-part epoxy, for example),
or irradiation such as electron beamprocessing.
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Be AlertMelamine CancerIf you eat in a Melamine Plate, you may
become a victim of Melamine Cancer.
Melamine is a thermosetting plastic and
is non-biodegradable. While eatingwhen we scratch the plate with the
spoon, the melamine coating also goes
into our body which may cause Cancer.Check under your plates whether
Melamine made is written or not. Use
Bone China, Glass or Steel Plates
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Plastic Harm to EnvironmentPlastics have transformed modern
society, providing attractive benefits
but also befouling waterways and
aquifers, depleting petroleum suppliesand disrupting human health.
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The 3 RsReducing the amount of waste you produce
is the best way to help the environment.
Instead of throwing things away, try to find
ways to use them again! Many of thethings we use every day, like paper bags,
soda cans, and milk cartons, are made out
of materials that can be recycled.
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