State(s) of Head Start...6 Head Start Staff: • Almost 30 percent of Early Head Start teachers had a bachelor’s degree (BA) or higher in ECE or a related field, a 6 percentage point

State(s) of Head Start

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS — The opinions expressed in this report are solely those of the authors. This report was supported with funding provided by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions in this report are solely those of the authors.

The authors wish to acknowledge the Office of Head Start (OHS) in the Administration for Children and Families. OHS and NIEER worked in partnership and we could not have produced the report without their cooperation and assistance. We thank them for sharing data, answering data-related questions, and providing feedback on the report.

The authors would like to extend their thanks to Michelle Ruess as editor and to Sandy Ogilvie as graphic designer.

This publication is a product of the National Institute for Early Education Research (NIEER), a unit of the Graduate School of Education at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. NIEER supports early childhood education policy by providing objective, nonpartisan information based on research.

State(s) of Head Start

©2016 The National Institute for Early Education Research

By W. Steven Barnett, Ph.D. Allison H. Friedman-Krauss, Ph.D.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................................................... 4

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................7

Head Start ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 HistoryofHeadStart.........................................................................................................................................................9 WhatResearchSaysAboutHeadStart’sEffectiveness.......................................................................................... 10

Inequalities in Head Start: It’s All Over the Map ................................................................................................... 11 Access.................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 Quality................................................................................................................................................................................. 14 Duration.............................................................................................................................................................................. 15 Funding................................................................................................................................................................................ 17

An Under-Funded Mission ......................................................................................................................................... 19

Conclusions and Policy Recommendations ...........................................................................................................21

NATIONAL FIGURES .....................................................................................................................................................25

GUIDE TO STATE PROFILES ........................................................................................................................................45

Data Points in the State(s) of Head Start report .................................................................................................52

GLOSSARY ......................................................................................................................................................................58

STATE AND TERRITORY PROFILES .............................................................................................................................59 Alabama...................................................................................................................................................................................60 Alaska....................................................................................................................................................................................... 67 Arizona......................................................................................................................................................................................74 Arkansas................................................................................................................................................................................... 81 California.................................................................................................................................................................................88 Colorado...................................................................................................................................................................................95 Connecticut............................................................................................................................................................................102 Delaware.................................................................................................................................................................................109 DistrictofColumbia.............................................................................................................................................................. 116 Florida..................................................................................................................................................................................... 123 Georgia....................................................................................................................................................................................130 Hawaii...................................................................................................................................................................................... 137 Idaho........................................................................................................................................................................................144 Illinois....................................................................................................................................................................................... 151 Indiana.....................................................................................................................................................................................158 Iowa..........................................................................................................................................................................................165 Kansas..................................................................................................................................................................................... 172 Kentucky................................................................................................................................................................................. 179 Louisiana................................................................................................................................................................................186 Maine....................................................................................................................................................................................... 193 Maryland............................................................................................................................................................................... 200 Massachusetts......................................................................................................................................................................207

STATE(S) OF HEAD STARTTABLEOFCONTENTS

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Michigan................................................................................................................................................................................... 214 Minnesota.................................................................................................................................................................................221 Mississippi............................................................................................................................................................................... 228 Missouri................................................................................................................................................................................... 235 Montana...................................................................................................................................................................................242 Nebraska................................................................................................................................................................................. 249 Nevada.................................................................................................................................................................................... 256 NewHampshire..................................................................................................................................................................... 263 NewJersey............................................................................................................................................................................. 270 NewMexico.............................................................................................................................................................................277 NewYork.................................................................................................................................................................................284 NorthCarolina........................................................................................................................................................................ 291 NorthDakota......................................................................................................................................................................... 298 Ohio..........................................................................................................................................................................................305 Oklahoma..................................................................................................................................................................................312 Oregon...................................................................................................................................................................................... 319 Pennsylvania.......................................................................................................................................................................... 326 RhodeIsland...........................................................................................................................................................................333 SouthCarolina.......................................................................................................................................................................340 SouthDakota......................................................................................................................................................................... 347 Tennessee............................................................................................................................................................................... 354 Texas......................................................................................................................................................................................... 361 Utah.........................................................................................................................................................................................368 Vermont...................................................................................................................................................................................375 Virginia.................................................................................................................................................................................... 382 Washington............................................................................................................................................................................. 389 WestVirginia.......................................................................................................................................................................... 396 Wisconsin................................................................................................................................................................................403 Wyoming..................................................................................................................................................................................410 AmericanSamoa.................................................................................................................................................................... 417 Guam....................................................................................................................................................................................... 423 NorthernMarianaIslands................................................................................................................................................... 429 Palau........................................................................................................................................................................................ 435 PuertoRico.............................................................................................................................................................................441 VirginIslands.........................................................................................................................................................................448

NATIONAL PROFILE .......................................................................................................................................................455

AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE HEAD START PROFILE .....................................................................463

MIGRANT AND SEASONAL HEAD START PROFILE .................................................................................................471

METHODOLOGY ..............................................................................................................................................................477

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The National Institute for Early Education Research’s (NIEER) State(s) of Head Start report is the first report to describe and analyze in detail Head Start enrollment, funding, quality, and duration, state-by-state. The report focuses on the 2014-2015 program year but also provides longitudinal data beginning with the 2006-2007 program year. Despite the fact that Head Start is a federally funded, national program, the report reveals that access to Head Start programs, funding per child, teacher education, quality of teaching, and duration of services all vary widely by state. Although in some states Head Start meets evidence-based quality standards and serves a high percentage of low-income children statewide, in other states Head Start reaches fewer of those in need, often with low-quality instruction, and insufficient hours. Despite bipartisan support, Head Start suffers from federal funding that restricts

the number of vulnerable children who can benefit from Head Start. As a result, some vulnerable children benefit less than others from Head Start participation. Yet we can think of no reason children living in poverty in one state are less deserving of a high-quality education in Head Start than those in another.

Revised and streamlined Head Start standards, released in September 20161, address several of the concerns spotlighted in the report, and demonstrate the Administration for Children and Families’ (ACF) commitment to continuous quality improvement and supporting poor children. But without Congress allocating adequate funding, Head Start programs will continue to be forced to choose between providing high-quality or school-day programs; hiring quality teachers (and paying them adequately); or enrolling more children. To be effective, Head Start

STATE(S) OF HEAD STARTEXECUTIVE SUMMARY

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must be funded sufficiently so that it can provide high-quality learning experiences to more children for longer periods of time per day and per year.

This report’s findings underscore the need for greater coordination between Head Start and state and local government agencies to build high-quality early learning programs with widespread reach and adequate funding. The authors call for an independent bipartisan national commission to study the issues raised in this report and develop an action plan to ensure every eligible child in every state has an equal opportunity to benefit from Head Start.

HIGHLIGHTS

ACCESS

Nationwide, the number of 3- and 4-year-olds enrolled in Head Start (supported by federal funding) decreased between 2007 and 2015. Enrollment of children under 3 more than doubled between 2007 and 2015. Head Start eligibility is based on the federal poverty level (FPL) with certain exceptions. As family incomes change during program enrollment, this is necessarily imperfect. Serving low-income children above the FPL should not be viewed as a program flaw. For this reason, coverage cannot be simply measured by the number of children served as a fraction of those in poverty. Enrollment in Head Start varies widely from one state to another whether this is assessed relative to the number of children in poverty or in low-income families.2

• Head Start programs currently serve less than 40 percent of the number of 3- and 4-year-olds in poverty and less than 5 percent of the number in poverty under age 3. Programs serve less than 20 percent of low-income 3- and 4-year-olds and less than 3 percent of low-income children under the age of 3.

• At age 4, enrollment by state varies from just 7 percent (Nevada) to 52 percent (Mississippi) of low-income children, and from 17 percent (Nevada) to 100 percent (North Dakota) of the number of children in poverty.

• At age 3, enrollment by state varies from 6 percent (Idaho) to 45 percent (Mississippi) of low-income children, and from 15 percent (Idaho) to near 100 percent (North Dakota) of the number of children in poverty.

• Enrollment under age 3 varies from 1 percent (Nevada) to nearly 8 percent (District of Columbia) of low-income children, and almost 3 percent (Nevada) to 13 percent (District of Columbia) of the

number of children in poverty.

• In five states more than 30 percent of low-income 3- and 4-year-olds were enrolled in Head Start. In 11 states less than 15 percent of low-income 3- and 4-year-olds attended Head Start.

• Children’s access to Head Start should be considered within the broader early childhood education context. However, even when taking state-funded preschool into account, most states only serve a small percentage of preschool-age children, especially 3-year-olds.

QUALITY

Head Start classrooms vary in quality. Quality observations reveal that they typically provide much stronger support for social and emotional development than for instruction related to language and cognitive development. Teacher qualifications vary dramatically from one state to another, as does teacher pay and the lack of parity with public school teachers with similar credentials. Since the 2007 Head Start Reauthorization that improved teacher qualifications3, substantially more Head Start teachers have a bachelor’s degree or higher in ECE.

Observed Quality:

• For the Emotional Support domain of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS)4, the average score on a 1 to 7 scale was 6, above the research-based threshold for an effective program of 5.5. The average score for every state significantly exceeded this threshold.

• For CLASS Classroom Organization the average score on a 7 point scale was 5.7, again significantly above the research-based threshold of 5.5. For only 1 state (South Carolina) do we have confidence that its average was significantly below the threshold, but for half the states we have statistical confidence their average scores exceeded 5.5.

• The average CLASS Instructional Support score was 2.9 on a 7 point scale. Scores averaged less than 3 in the majority of states. Scores were statistically significantly below the research-based threshold of 3 in 18 states and the territories, and across American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) and Migrant and Seasonal (MSHS) Head Start programs. Fourteen states averaged a 3 or above. In only two states (Kentucky and Vermont) were scores statistically significantly above 3 such that we can be confident the state average exceeds the threshold.

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Head Start Staff:

• Almost 30 percent of Early Head Start teachers had a bachelor’s degree (BA) or higher in ECE or a related field, a 6 percentage point increase from 24 percent in 2007. However, the percentage varied from a low of less than 12 percent in New Mexico, to a high of 64 percent in the District of Columbia.

• Seventy-three percent of Head Start teachers had a BA or higher in ECE or a related field, compared to only 44 percent in 2007. This 29 percentage point increase followed the Improving Head Start Act for School Readiness of 2007 which increased teacher qualifications.4 Again, states varied in increasing teacher qualifications: more than 90 percent of Head Start teachers in West Virginia and the District of Columbia had a BA or higher, while only 36 percent in New Mexico did.

• On average, Head Start teachers earned almost $24,000 less than public elementary school teachers with the same credentials. This discrepancy is even larger for Early Head Start teachers, who earned over $27,000 less than public elementary school teachers.

• The lack of parity can lead to high turnover and an inexperienced workforce. In some states the salary gaps were less than half the average, below $10,000, but in others they were about twice the average with gaps exceeding $40,000 in Massachusetts and New York, as well as in New Jersey for Early Head Start only.

DURATION

The number of hours per year of Head Start children receive varies widely across states. Nationally, 42 percent of children already receive 1,020 hours of Head Start services per year, a new standard that all programs must meet by 2021.5 Substantial progress is needed in most states to meet this new requirement.

• Forty-two percent of Early Head Start children were served in school-day (greater than 6 hours per day), 5-day per week programs, a decrease of 5 percentage points from 47 percent in 2007.

• Forty-four percent of Head Start children were served in school-day, 5-day per week programs. Nationally, this number has remained relatively unchanged since 2007 (45 percent) despite some small year-to-year fluctuations.

• Duration varies widely across the states, with Idaho and Wyoming serving only 1 percent in school-day, 5-day per week Head Start programs while other states serve nearly all children on this schedule.

FUNDING

Federal funding for Head Start (including Early Head Start, AIAN, and MSHS) was more than $8.42 billion in 2014-2015. Congress allocated an additional $570 million for fiscal year 2016, which includes additional funds to support expanded hours per year in Head Start, Early Head Start-Child Care Partnerships, and expansion of Early Head Start.6

• Head Start and Early Head Start combined funding per child increased slightly from $8,369 in 2007 to $8,801 in 2015 when adjusting for inflation.

• Both Head Start and Early Head Start funding per child is highly variable across the map even after adjusting for differences in costs across the country. Adjusting for cost of living, the highest funded state received twice as much per child enrolled in Head Start as the lowest funded state.

• The estimated cost to fully fund Head Start to meet its expressed goals for 3- and 4-year-olds is over $20 billion. This is about triple the existing budget. We based this estimation on serving all 3- and 4-year-olds in poverty (or half of those in low-income families) in high-quality programs for 1,020 hours per year.

• As Early Head Start serves only a very small percentage of infants and toddlers, we do not estimate the cost of expanding that part of the program.

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As one of our nation’s oldest federal public programs serving low-income children and families, Head Start strives to enhance children’s development and provide a strong foundation for success in school and in life. Research on Head Start’s impacts confirms its positive effects on young children and their families, though the research on the persistence of impacts has been both encouraging and discouraging.7 The acknowledged importance of Head Start’s mission has led to broad support for improving Head Start including the latest major changes announced on September 1, 2016 which call for a shift from a compliance orientation to one of continuous quality improvement.8

Yet, despite decades of bipartisan support for Head Start, we conclude that the program suffers from inadequate overall public investment. Simply put, the program is not funded at a level that would make it possible to provide child development services of sufficient quality and duration to achieve its goals while serving all eligible children even at ages 3 and 4, much less for those under age 3. As a result, local programs are required to make a series of triage decisions, ranging from enrollment eligibility priorities, to duration choices, to staff salaries. These resulting decisions and funding allocation differences create significant disparities across states in both quality and hours of services provided per year. This report reveals the extent of these shortfalls nationally and for each state. The authors call for an independent bipartisan commission to study the issues raised in this report and develop an action plan to ensure every eligible child in every state and territory has an equal opportunity to benefit from Head Start.

The National Institute for Early Education Research’s (NIEER) State(s) of Head Start report is the first report to describe and analyze in detail four key dimensions of the federal Head Start program state-by-state: enrollment, quality, duration, and funding. Although Head Start is a federal program, guided by federal policies and national Head Start Performance Standards, approximately 1,700 local public and private nonprofit and for-profit agencies provide Head Start services.9 Each provider may implement the program differently (within the limits of federal regulations). There is no guarantee that Head Start

offers the same services and benefits from one program to another. Although local implementation can and should vary to reflect and meet local needs, across the states there should be consistency regarding key aspects of program operation and the extent to which programs meet the needs of eligible children and families. Head Start programs ought to look fairly similar, taking into account obvious differences such as the extent of poverty and cost of living. Yet our report finds that Head Start, as well as Early Head Start, varies substantially between states, including in the quality of instruction, which needs to be consistently high in all programs.

Our report explores four key dimensions of Head Start in depth:

1. Access: How many children are served and who are they? What percent of a state’s children, low-income children, and children living in poverty is served by the program? How have these percentages changed over time?

2. Quality: Head Start sets relatively high and uniform standards for its services compared to many other public programs for young children, but some important features still vary. What is the observed quality of the instruction children receive? What are teachers’ qualifications? How have they improved over time? How much are teachers paid and how does this compare to pay in public elementary schools?

3. Duration: How many hours and days per year of Head Start services do children receive? How has this changed over time? To what extent do children stay continuously enrolled over a year and for two, or even, three years?

4. Funding: How much funding does each state receive? How does funding per child vary across states adjusting for each state’s cost of living? Has funding per child changed over time?

These four key dimensions are critically important to Head Start’s ability to enhance children’s school readiness in significant and positive ways. Although each dimension may contribute independently to children’s development, they are interrelated and dependent on one another. To be highly effective, Head Start must attend to all four dimensions simultaneously. Without adequate funding, programs are forced into trade-offs between enrolling more

STATE(S) OF HEAD STARTINTRODUCTION

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children, increasing program duration, or improving program quality.

First, in order to have a significant impact, Head Start should reach most — if not all — eligible children. Second, Head Start must be funded adequately to provide sufficient quality of child development services to produce desired results10 — without cutting back dramatically on the number of children served. Third, children are more likely to benefit from Head Start when they are enrolled for more hours.11 As reflected in the revised and streamlined Head Start standards, programs will be required to shift to operating schedules similar to public schools. Fourth, adequate funding is necessary if Head Start is to provide high-quality early learning experiences of the intensity and duration required to succeed in its mission.

Beyond raising concern overall, we seek to call attention to widespread and large variations in each of these four key dimensions among the states. These state-by-state discrepancies may come as a surprise; after all, Head Start is a federal program with uniform national standards and goals. All programs are required to follow the Head Start Performance Standards that govern many aspects of design and operation. Despite this uniform set of standards, there is ample room for disparities to arise. For example, the Improving Head Start for School Readiness Act of 2007 required that at least 50 percent of Head Start teachers in center-based programs have at least a bachelor’s degree (BA) in early childhood education or a related field by 2013. Even though tremendous progress has been made toward this goal, the percentage of Head Start teachers with a BA or higher varies from 36 percent in New Mexico to 99 percent in the District of Columbia.

We find fundamental and difficult to understand disparities across states in access. For example, the percent of low-income 3- and 4-year-old children served in each state varies from 7 percent in Nevada to 49 percent in Mississippi. The percent of low-income infant and toddlers served varies from just over 1 percent in Nevada to almost 8 percent in the District of Columbia. Focusing on only children living in poverty, in Nevada, a number equal to 16 percent of 3- and 4-year-olds in poverty were enrolled, compared to 100 percent in North Dakota. Under age 3 the number enrolled as a percent of children in poverty ranged from 2.7 percent in Nevada to 13 percent in the District of Columbia. As we discuss later, not all Head Start children fall below the federal poverty level (FPL).

Similarly, both Head Start and Early Head Start funding per child varies by nearly 100 percent across the states after controlling for cost of living differences. Observed classroom quality, particularly around instruction related to children’s cognitive and language development, also varies state-by-state. We can think of no reason that poor children in one state are less deserving of Head Start or a high-quality education in Head Start than those in another.

The State(s) of Head Start report relies primarily on data from the Head Start Program Information Report (PIR). The PIR compiles data collected from every grantee and delegate (subgrantee) and provides the most comprehensive description of the services provided, staff, and children and families served by Head Start and Early Head Start programs nationwide.

The report focuses primarily on the most recently available data for the 2014-2015 program year. We also report data over the previous eight years, so that trends can be tracked from the 2006-2007 to 2014-2015 program year. The report includes information on both Head Start and Early Head Start. We present data on Head Start and Early Head Start combined where this makes sense, but also report data on each of these programs separately. Head Start and Early Head Start serve children at different ages, and, as a result, their services, staffing, and costs differ in important respects, as do some performance standards. We also include and, where appropriate, separately report on, the American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) Head Start and Migrant and Seasonal Head Start (MSHS) programs.

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Head Start is a comprehensive child development program that provides education and support services to children and their families. It is a federal program that aims to promote the school readiness and healthy development of at-risk children. It focuses on whole-child development, including health and cognitive and social-emotional development. Head Start is administered by the Office of Head Start (OHS) in the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Funding for Head Start is allocated by Congress each year and flows directly to individual Head Start grantees, which can be public, private, nonprofit, or for-profit agencies. The federal government funds a Head Start Collaboration Office within each state’s government to facilitate partnerships with state agencies and local entities and to improve state and local policy and practices so as to better serve young children and their families. Head Start is available in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories, and in tribal areas. The program has served more the 33 million children since it inception in 1965 as part of the War on Poverty including children of migrant and seasonal workers.12

Head Start serves children ages 3 to 5 years (during the two years before kindergarten), while Early Head Start serves infants and toddlers (from birth through age 3), as well as pregnant mothers. Children are eligible to participate in Head Start if they come from families living below the federal poverty level (FPL), are homeless, are receiving public assistance, or are in foster care. The 2007 Head Start reauthorization stipulated that children between 100 and 130 percent of the FPL could also enroll in Head Start once a program enrolled all children below 100 percent of the FPL. In addition, up to 10 percent of funded enrollment can be children with disabilities who are not required to meet the income guidelines.13

HISTORY OF HEAD START

President Johnson launched Head Start in 1965 as part of a national “War on Poverty” specifically to break the cycle of failure experienced by many low-income and poor Americans. By providing young children and their families with health care, social

services, and opportunities to learn, Head Start aimed to remove hurdles facing disadvantaged children and enable them to start school on equal footing with middle-class peers.

Head Start began as an eight-week summer pilot project but quickly expanded to a school-year schedule as it was almost immediately apparent that eight-weeks was far from sufficient to meet the needs of young children in poverty. In 1969, Migrant Head Start was introduced to reach farmworker families and their children. That outreach was expanded nearly 30 years later to include seasonal agricultural worker families, becoming the Migrant and Seasonal Head Start (MSHS) program.

Throughout the 1970s, policymakers continued to expand Head Start — on paper at least — to include children with disabilities, children and parents at home (Home Start), and children with a home language other than English. But it was not until 1979 that Congress allowed Head Start to really grow, authorizing enrolling up to 20 percent more children and families each year.

Enrollment continued to increase during the 1980s, and children became eligible for two years of services beginning at age 3. Celebrating Head Start’s 20th Anniversary in 1985, Dr. Edward Zigler, one of the architects of Head Start, said that the program’s success was due to “the fact that Head Start is a quality child development program that involves parents, hires the best teachers that can be found locally, maintains small classes and provides comprehensive medical, dental, nutrition and social services.”14

During the 1990s, Head Start received renewed attention; funding tripled between 1991 and 2001 and program quality became a priority, with funding to improve staff qualifications and compensation. Funding increased and enrollment grew, along with health services for younger siblings, literacy and child development training for parents and outreach to homeless families. In 1994, Early Head Start began meeting needs of pregnant women and children under age 3. In 1998, the focus of the program was formally switched from development of social competence to school readiness.

Efforts to improve quality continued through the

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next decade. The 2007 Head Start reauthorization, the Improving Head Start for School Readiness Act, revised performance standards to be developmentally appropriate, raised teacher qualifications (required at least 50 percent of Head Start teachers to have a BA or higher), called for school-day services, and expanded eligibility from 100 to 130 percent of the FPL. In 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, aimed at stimulating the U.S. economy, boosted Head Start funding by $2 billion to enhance quality and expand enrollment. The additional funding helped to nearly double the enrollment of infants and toddlers over the next five years.15

Most recently, in 2016, new Head Start Performance Standards were announced that reflect research highlighting both the crucial difference quality and duration of services make for children and the challenges children may face transitioning from early education settings to school classrooms. The new standards, effective November 2016, call for teachers to have training and skills needed to provide high-quality learning opportunities, prohibit expulsions and severely limit suspensions of children, and require nearly all Head Start programs to provide by 2021 at least 1,020 hours of Head Start services per year, equivalent to a full school-day (6 hours) for 170 days per year.16

WHAT RESEARCH SAYS ABOUT HEAD START’S EFFECTIVENESS

Research has demonstrated that high-quality preschool, including Head Start, can improve academic, social, and lifetime outcomes, especially for children disadvantaged by poverty.17 For example, a recent meta-analysis of Head Start found significant impacts of the program on children’s academic and cognitive skills.18 Another study found that children randomly assigned to Head Start (compared to those who were not randomly assigned but applied to the program) benefited in their receptive vocabulary, phonemic awareness, and health.19 The impacts of Head Start are not limited to children’s cognitive and academic skills. Attending Head Start is associated with a lower body mass index20 and higher likelihood of receiving health screenings, immunizations, and dental care.21 Children’s participation in Head Start also positively affects their parents. Head Start participation increases the amount of time parents spend with their children engaged in learning activities22 and the likelihood mothers would return to school.23

However, the research has not been universally positive. Results from the 2002 Head Start Impact Study (HSIS)24 and the 1996 Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (EHSRE)25 raised important questions about the program’s overall effectiveness. The EHSRE found small positive impacts of the program on infants’ and toddlers’ cognitive and language development, as well as on their parents’ parenting skills. Impacts varied for center-based, home-based, and mixed-approach program options.26 The HSIS revealed significant impacts of Head Start on children’s math, language, and social emotional skills prior to kindergarten entry.27 However, the evaluation found essentially no long-term impacts by the time children reached third grade.28

Further exploration of the HSIS found substantial variation in which children did and did not benefit from the program as well as the size and duration of those impacts.29 Impacts also varied for children attending Head Start in urban and rural areas30 and were larger for those attending full-day programs.31 While other research including recent Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES) analyses are more positive32, variation in the effectiveness of Head Start is not surprising given the findings in our report. It is noteworthy that substantial policy improvements were enacted subsequent to these earlier studies.

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The goal of Head Start is to provide high-quality early

learning opportunities to disadvantaged children;

yet the program has never been funded adequately

to provide high-quality preschool to all children in

poverty — much less to all low-income families. Head

Start was designed to be responsive to local needs

and priorities. However, this report reveals state-

by-state variation inconsistent with national goals

to meet the needs of every eligible child and family.

From state to state we find substantial differences

in funding levels, the quality and quantity of early

education provided, and whether an eligible child can

even participate.

ACCESS

To examine access, we focus on the percentage of all low-income children served (200 percent of the FPL) using federal funding. We do this for several reasons. Some children are eligible for Head Start even if their family income is above the poverty line. Even those who qualify based on family income below the FPL are not required to leave the program if their family’s income subsequently rises above the FPL. For many of those Head Start serves, family income ends up above the FPL by the end of their 4-year-old year. For example, in the 2009 Head Start FACES, over 35 percent of children’s household incomes

INEQUALITIES IN HEAD START: IT’S ALL OVER THE MAP

DC

MT

WA

OR

CA

AK

NV

IDWY

CO

NM

TX

OK

KS

NE

SD

ND MN

WI

IL

MI

OH

KY

TN

MS AL GA

SC

NC

VA

NJ

VTNH

MA

CT

DE

RI

MDWV

FL

PA

NY

ME

IN

IA

MO

AR

LA

UT

AZ

HI

5 to 5.99%

6 to 7.70%

2 to 2.99%1 to 1.99%

3 to 3.99%

4 to 4.99%

MAP 1. PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME CHILDREN UNDER 3 YEARS OLD SERVED BY HEAD START

12

were above the FPL.33 In the general population, the number of low-income children is about twice the number in poverty. To give a sense of how the number of children served (regardless of income) compares to the number in poverty we also report the number of children served as a percentage of children in poverty for Head Start and Early Head Start in Figures 1, 2, and 3. Clearly, Head Start cannot reach all children in poverty, much less, all low-income children (See Maps 1 and 2; Figures 4, 5, and 6).

Infants and Toddlers: In 2014-2015 Head Start programs (including AIAN and MSHS) served 153,073 children under the age of 3. In addition, 13,329 pregnant women were served by the program. Aided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) and an increased focus on state-funded preschool for 4-year-olds, enrollment of infants and toddlers in Head Start has increased by more than 100 percent from 73,372 in 2006-2007. Despite

this progress, Early Head Start has a long way to go to reach even half of all children in poverty as it currently serves less than 5 percent of children in poverty under age 3.

Across the map, Head Start reached only a very small part of the current target population of infants and toddlers in any state (See Map 1 and Figure 4). Although Head Start does better in some states than others, in no state does it enroll even 10 percent of low-income children under age 3. Nationally, less than 3 percent of low-income infants and toddlers participated in Head Start in 2014-2015. At the low end, just 1.3 percent of low-income infants and toddlers in Nevada were enrolled in Head Start. At the high end, 7.7 percent were enrolled in the District of Columbia. In 14 states, 2 percent or less of low-income infants and toddlers were enrolled in Head Start (Nevada, Utah, Texas, Tennessee, Indiana, Idaho, Georgia, Alabama, Maryland, Florida, Arizona,

DC

MT

WA

OR

CA

AK

NV

IDWY

CO

NM

TX

OK

KS

NE

SD

ND MN

WI

IL

MI

OH

KY

TN

MS AL GA

SC

NC

VA

NJ

VTNH

MA

CT

DE

RI

MDWV

FL

PA

NY

ME

IN

IA

MO

AR

LA

UT

AZ

HI

26 to 30%

31 to 40%

41 to 50%

11 to 15%1 to 10%

16 to 20%

21 to 25%

MAP 2. PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME 3- AND 4-YEAR-OLDS SERVED BY HEAD START

13

Colorado, Virginia, and South Carolina). In just 4 states, more than 5 percent of low-income children under 3 were enrolled in Head Start (South Dakota, Vermont, North Dakota, and the District of Columbia).

Three- and Four-Year-Olds: In 2014-2015, Head Start programs, including AIAN and MSHS, served 351,215 3-year-olds and 412,324 4-year-olds (total of 763,539 3- and 4-year-olds). However, since 2006-2007 as Head Start served more infants and toddlers and state-funded preschool served more preschool-age children, enrollment of 3- and 4-year-olds decreased, a trend driven by a decrease in 4-year-olds enrolled in Head Start. During this same period of time, the increase in enrollment of 4-year-olds in state-funded preschool was larger than the decrease of 4-year-olds enrolled in Head Start.34 Substantial progress is still needed to increase the number of 3- and 4-year-

olds in Head Start. Currently only 18 percent of

low-income 3-year-olds and 21 percent of low-income

4-year-olds receive Head Start services (including

AIAN and MSHS).

Whether or not a 3- or 4-year-old has access to

Head Start services also varies widely across the

country (See Map 2). In Idaho, less than six percent

of low-income 3-year-olds were enrolled in Head

Start in 2014-2015. In comparison, in Mississippi, 45

percent of low-income 3-year-olds were enrolled. In

only three other states (South Dakota, Louisiana,

and North Dakota) and the District of Columbia were

more than 30 percent of low-income 3-year-olds

served by Head Start. In three other states (Nevada,

Utah, and Oregon) less than 10 percent of low-income

3-year-olds were served (See Figure 5).

DC

MT

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OR

CA

AK

NV

IDWY

CO

NM

TX

OK

KS

NE

SD

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KY

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VTNH

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CT

DE

RI

MDWV

FL

PA

NY

ME

IN

IA

MO

AR

LA

UT

AZ

HI

Significantly above threshold

At or above threshold

Below threshold

Significantly below threshold

MAP 3. CLASSROOM INSTRUCTIONAL SUPPORT SCORES IN RELATION TO RESEARCH-BASED THRESHOLD (3)

Note: Instructional Support scores can range from 1 to 7. This report uses a threshold of 3 or higher to indicate high quality, based on prior research.

14

Turning to 4-year-olds (See Figure 6), less than 7 percent of low-income 4-year-olds were enrolled in Head Start in Nevada, while in Mississippi 52 percent of low-income 4-year-olds were served. In three other states more than 40 percent of low-income 4-year-olds were enrolled in Head Start (South Dakota, North Dakota, and West Virginia). However, in five states (in addition to Nevada) less than 15 percent of 4-year-olds were enrolled (Georgia, Oregon, South Carolina, Idaho, and Utah). Notably, Mississippi not only served the largest percent of low-income 3- and 4-year-olds in Head Start but is also the state with the highest percent of 3- and 4-year-olds who are low-income.

We recognize that Head Start is not the only program serving young children with a goal of improving learning, development, and later school success. Most saliently, many states have preschool programs for 4-year-olds. However, state programs vary greatly in quality, coverage, and funding and thus few can be considered an effective substitute for Head Start. As we discuss later, these state programs should be taken into account when developing future Head Start policy in order to adequately meet the needs of children and families.

QUALITY

OBSERVED HEAD START CLASSROOM QUALITY

The Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS)35 is a structured observation of classroom practices that focuses on the quality of the interactions between teachers and children across three domains: Instructional Support, Emotional Support, and Classroom Organization. The CLASS is widely used in early childhood education research and scores on the CLASS are moderately associated with children’s learning.36 As part of the Head Start monitoring process, classrooms are observed using the CLASS. Those data, averaged across grantees and between 2012 and 2015 are presented in this report. This report uses research-based thresholds to determine whether or not states have Head Start programs that are providing, on average, high-quality early childhood educations. These thresholds are 3 on Instructional Support and 5.5 on Emotional Support and Classroom Organization. (Each domain is scored on a scale of 1 to 7.)

Instructional Support: Across the country (See Map 3 and Figure 7), the average Instructional Support score was 2.9 which was determined to be statistically significantly below the research-based threshold of 3. Average scores ranged from 2.3 in

the U.S. territories and 2.5 in New Mexico to 3.7 in Vermont. Average Instructional Support scores were less than 3 in the majority of states and were statistically significantly below the threshold in 18 states and the territories, and across AIAN and MSHS programs. Two states averaged a 3 and 12 states scored above a 3. However, only two states (Kentucky and Vermont) scored statistically significantly above a 3.

Emotional Support: The picture looks better for Emotional Support (See Figure 8). The average score was 6 and this is statistically significantly above the research-based threshold of 5.5. Average scores ranged from 5.7 in South Carolina to 6.5 in Vermont and all states scored significantly above the research-based threshold of 5.5.

Classroom Organization: The average Classroom Organization score was 5.7 (See Figure 9), which is statistically significantly higher than the 5.5 research-based threshold. Classroom Organization scores ranged from 5.4 in South Dakota to 6.2 in Vermont. South Carolina (5.4) was the only state in which Classroom Organization was statistically significantly below the research-based threshold. Twenty-five states and AIAN programs were determined to be statistically significantly above the 5.5 research-based threshold.

Head Start deserves praise for applying a uniform measure of classroom quality in all programs as a guide to program improvement. Like a GPS, this measure tells each program where it is on the path towards the goal of high quality. Head Start’s strong support for social and emotional development is especially valuable as these skills are vitally important for later success in school and beyond. However, the data also show that more work must be done to continue improving instructional quality.

Similar statewide quality data are not available for other public or private early care and education programs in all (or even most) states. State quality rating and improvement systems sometimes provide similar data on some child care programs, and some states collect similar data on their state preschool programs. From this we know that quality in other programs is highly variable and sometimes quite low.37 The most comprehensive basis for comparison of Head Start to other programs is provided by a 2005 national study of observed quality using a somewhat different classroom observation measure.38 These data indicate that even a decade ago Head Start was of higher quality than private sector programs on average.

15

TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS

Early Head Start: The 2007 Head Start reauthorization required all Early Head Start teachers in center-based programs to have a CDA credential (or equivalent) and training in infant and toddler development. Recently, a report from the National Academy of Sciences recommended that teachers of all children under 5 should have at least a four-year college degree.39 In 2014-2015, nationally, 30 percent of Early Head Start teachers had a bachelor’s degree or higher in ECE or a related field, a 6 percentage point increase from 24 percent in 2006-2007. This number varies from less than 12 percent in New Mexico to 64 percent in the District of Columbia. Vermont and Nebraska are the only other states where more than 50 percent of Early Head Start teachers have a bachelor’s degree or higher (See Figure 10).

Head Start: The 2007 Head Start reauthorization required that 50 percent of Head Start teachers in center-based programs have a bachelor’s degree or higher in ECE or a related field and that all teachers have at least an associates degree in ECE or a related field by September 2013. In 2014-2015, 73 percent of all Head Start teachers had a least a bachelor’s degree, a 29 percentage point increase from 44 percent in 2006-2007. Despite this progress, there still exists substantial variation in the percent of Head Start teachers with at least a bachelor’s degree in ECE (See Figure 11) and progress is still needed to meet the National Academy of Sciences’ recommendation.40 In New Mexico, 36 percent of teachers had a bachelor’s degree or higher in ECE. In two other states, Alaska and Arizona, less than 50 percent of teachers had a bachelor’s degree or higher in ECE. On the other end, in the District of Columbia, 99 percent of Head Start teachers met these qualifications. West Virginia is the only other state to top 90 percent.

TEACHER SALARY

Early Head Start: Early Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher earned an average of $29,769 during the 2014-2015 school year. Teachers in Mississippi earned only an average of $25,331 and teachers in 20 other states earned less than $30,000 on average. On the high end, teachers in the District of Columbia earned an average of $44,668. No other state averaged more than $40,000 and only three other states (Washington, Virginia, and Alaska) averaged over $35,000. Teachers with lower educational qualifications were paid even less, an

average of $20,992 nationally for teachers with no ECE-related credentials. Those with a CDA earned slightly more, $23,263.

In contrast, public elementary school teachers earned an average yearly salary of $57,092 — $27,323 more than similarly qualified Early Head Start teachers (See Figure 12). This salary discrepancy is particularly large in New York ($46,600) and is also more than $40,000 in New Jersey and Massachusetts. The District of Columbia comes the closest to having Early Head Start teachers paid on par with public school teachers but Early Head Start teachers are still paid $6,272 less than similarly qualified public school teachers. The discrepancy between Early Head Start and public elementary school teachers is larger than $10,000 in every state, a figure too large to be accounted for by only differences in number of hours worked.

Head Start: Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher earned an average of $33,387 during the 2014-2015 school year. Teachers in Mississippi earned only an average of $21,638. Head Start teachers in 14 other states earned an average of less than $30,000 per year. In contrast, in the District of Columbia, Head Start teachers earned an average of $85,819 annually. No other state averaged more than $50,000 and only three states (Hawaii, Maryland, and New Jersey) averaged more than $40,000. As with Early Head Start, teachers with lower educational qualifications are paid even less, $21,953 on average for Head Start teachers with no ECE or related credentials. Those with a CDA earned slightly more, $22,671.

As reported earlier, public elementary school teachers earned an average yearly salary of $57,092, which is $23,705 more than similarly qualified Head Start teachers (See Figure 13). This salary discrepancy is largest in Massachusetts ($46,610) and also tops $40,000 in New York. On the other hand, the Head Start teachers in the District of Columbia are paid on par with public elementary school teachers. West Virginia and South Dakota are the only other states where the discrepancy is less than $10,000.

DURATION

Early Head Start: In 2014-2015, an average of 42 percent of Early Head Start children were served in school-day (more than 6 hours per day), 5-day per week programs (See Figure 14). This number has decreased by 5 percentage points from 47 percent in 2006-2007. In 2014-2015, 90 percent of Early

16

Head Start children in Louisiana were enrolled in

school-day, 5-day per week programs. Arkansas and

Georgia also served more than 85 percent of children

in school-day, 5-day per week programs. However,

Idaho and Wyoming did not serve any children in

school-day, 5-day per week programs, while Alaska

only served 7 percent of children in this type of

program. Both Alaska and Wyoming serve a sizable

percentage of children in school-day, 4 day per week

programs which may make sense in rural areas where

transporting children to and from Head Start centers

may require unusually long journeys. However, they

are not the only states where children receive fewer

hours of service.

Head Start: In 2014-2015, an average of 44 percent

of Head Start children were served in school-day,

5-day per week programs (See Figure 15). Nationally,

this number has remained relatively unchanged since

2006-2007 (45 percent) despite some small year-to-year fluctuations and a high of 47 percent of children in 2009-2010. In 2014-2015, almost all Head Start children in the District of Columbia (99.8 percent) and Georgia (99.1 percent) were served in school-day, 5-day per week programs. Both the District of Columbia and Georgia have school-day universal preschool programs. In another five states (Arkansas, South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, and New Jersey) over 80 percent of Head Start children were enrolled in school-day, 5-day per week programs. However, in Idaho and Wyoming only 1 percent of Head Start children were served in school-day, 5-day per week programs and in five other states (Alaska, Utah, West Virginia, Arizona, and Indiana) less than 5 percent of children were in similar programs. Most states have a long way to go to meet the new Head Start standards requiring most children to receive 1,020 hours of Head Start per year by 2021 (See Map 4).41

DC

MT

WA

OR

CA

AK

NV

IDWY

CO

NM

TX

OK

KS

NE

SD

ND MN

WI

IL

MI

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KY

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MS AL GA

SC

NC

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VTNH

MA

CT

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RI

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FL

PA

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41 to 60%

61 to 80%

81 to 94%

1 to 10%0%

11 to 20%

21 to 40%

MAP 4. PERCENT OF HEAD START CHILDREN RECEIVING AT LEAST 1,020 HOURS OF HEAD START PER YEAR

17

FUNDING

Total federal funding for all Head Start programs

(including AIAN and MSHS) exceeded $8.24 billion in

2014-2015. This amount included almost $334 million

for MSHS and over $237 million for AIAN programs.

States invested an additional almost $177 million in

Head Start programs, and other local and private

funding not included in this report also supported

the program. Federal investments in Head Start have

increased from $6.65 billion in 2006-2007. Adjusting

for inflation, total federal funding for Head Start

increased by over $613 million between 2007 and

2015. Head Start (including Early Head Start) funding

per child increased slightly ($432) over this period,

from $8,369 in 2006-2007 to $8,801 in 2014-2015, in

2015 dollars.

Head Start grantees are expected to raise an

additional 20 percent of their total budget from

non-federal sources in the form of financial or in-kind donations. Donated use of space and volunteer time, including parents’ time, are major sources of this match. In general, we do not discuss matching funds in our report and its exclusion does not affect state comparisons as everyone is expected to obtain a proportional match. However, we do report state supplemental funding for Head Start.

Early Head Start: In 2014-2015, federal funding for Early Head Start (EHS) was $1,890,324,000 including $60,935,000 for AIAN EHS programs. This amounts to an average of $12,612 per child (or $12,575 without AIAN EHS). Additional state, local, and private funding also supports Early Head Start programs but is not reported here. Like enrollment, funding is highly variable across the map even after adjusting for differences in the costs of living across the country (See Map 5 and Figure 16). At the low end, Early Head Start funding per child in the District

DC

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MS AL GA

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VA

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VTNH

MA

CT

DE

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AR

LA

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AZ

HI

$12,001-$13,000

$13,001-$14,000

$14,001-$15,000

$15,001-$16,000

$8,000-$10,000

$10,001-$11,000

$11,001-$12,000

MAP 5. EARLY HEAD START FEDERAL FUNDING PER CHILD (ADJUSTED FOR COST OF LIVING)

18

of Columbia was only $8,325 (adjusted for cost of living). In two other states (Kansas and Illinois), Early Head Start funding per child was also below $10,000. At the high end, Early Head Start funding per child was $15,777 in Maine and it topped $14,000 in 10 other states (Alabama, New Mexico, Louisiana, Indiana, Nevada, Oregon, Nebraska, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Vermont).

Head Start: Federal funding for Head Start (HS) was $6,020,670,948 in 2014-2015, including $176,373,066 for AIAH HS programs. States provided an additional $164 million dollars and local and private funding (not reported here) also supported Head Start programs. On average, federal funding for Head Start amounted to $8,038 per child. Again, there is substantial variation in federal funding per child across the map — variation which is not easily

explained (See Map 6 and Figure 17). After adjusting for cost of living differences, funding per child in Head Start in the District of Columbia was $5,507. In an additional four states, the funding per child amount was less than $7,000 (Delaware, Texas, Virginia, and Illinois). In contrast, in Alaska, federal funding per child was $10,995, almost twice as high as in the District of Columbia, after adjusting for cost of living. In three other states (Vermont, Maine, and Oregon) funding per child also topped $10,000. Although some regional differences in funding per child can be noted, there are also large differences between neighboring states. For example, federal funding per child (adjusted for cost of living) was almost $2,000 more in Oregon than Washington. Similarly, it was about $1,500 higher in Pennsylvania than neighboring Delaware.

DC

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$8,501-$9,000

$9,001-$10,000

$10,001-$11,000

$7,001-$7,500$5,500-$7,000

$7,501-$8,000

$8,001-$8,500

MAP 6. HEAD START FEDERAL FUNDING PER CHILD (ADJUSTED FOR COST OF LIVING)

19

In 2014-2015, the federal government spent roughly $8.24 billion to serve more than 900,000 children (birth through age 5) and pregnant women in Head Start across the 50 states, District of Columbia, U.S. territories and in AIAN and MSHS programs. Although these are large numbers, substantial increases in investments in Head Start are needed to enroll all eligible children while also improving program quality and increasing program duration.

Total federal investments in HS and HS AIAN in 2014-2015 topped $6 billion dollars. But less than 20 percent of low-income 3- and 4-year-olds (a number equal to about 36 percent of children in poverty) were served by the programs. Further, in most states, instructional quality does not meet the research-based threshold needed to support children’s learning and development, and most children attend Head Start for less than a school-day, 5 days per week.

To move Head Start closer toward fulfilling its ambitious goals, we estimated the amount of money

needed, both nationwide and state-by-state, to serve 50 percent of all low-income children.42 We assumed that an average of $10,000 per child would be needed to provide children high-quality Head Start for 1,020 hours per year. However, since costs of providing Head Start vary state-by-state, we adjusted this number by the cost of living in each state.

There are 3.9 million low-income 3- and 4-year-old children in the 50 states and District of Columbia. With approximately 730,000 3- and 4-year-olds currently enrolled in Head Start in the 50 states and District of Columbia, more than 3 million low-income 3- and 4-year-olds are not enrolled. We estimate that more than $20 billion dollars would be needed to serve just half of all low-income 3- and 4-year-olds (or all of those in poverty) in the 50 states and District of Columbia. This represents an additional $14.4 billion above current federal investments in Head Start programs for 3- and 4-year-olds (See Table 1). An even larger investment would be needed to increase enrollment of infants and toddlers.

AN UNDER-FUNDED MISSION

20

TABLE 1. FUNDING NEEDED TO PROVIDE HEAD START SERVICES TO 50 PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME 3- AND 4-YEAR-OLDS*

STATE 2015 FEDERAL FUNDING FOR HEAD START

TOTAL FUNDING NEEDED TO SERVE 50% OF LOW-INCOME

3- & 4-YEAR-OLDS

ADDITIONAL FUNDING NEEDED TO SERVE 50% OF LOW INCOME

3- & 4-YEAR-OLDS

Alabama $105,931,663 $316,516,847 $210,585,184

Alaska $28,379,111 $44,895,470 $16,516,359

Arizona $132,330,709 $482,047,565 $349,716,855

Arkansas $54,547,122 $192,587,590 $138,040,468

California $786,066,938 $2,901,491,019 $2,115,424,080

Colorado $67,792,162 $297,906,353 $230,114,191

Connecticut $48,547,555 $157,627,179 $109,079,624

Delaware $11,531,271 $49,192,908 $37,661,637

District of Columbia $17,216,766 $47,582,920 $30,366,154

Florida $252,679,973 $1,130,760,658 $878,080,685

Georgia $165,228,366 $760,945,069 $595,716,703

Hawaii $ 20,024,782 $62,629,504 $42,604,722

Idaho $22,595,930 $114,169,414 $91,573,484

Illinois $259,658,363 $786,607,349 $526,948,986

Indiana $92,484,306 $398,120,499 $305,636,193

Iowa $46,100,672 $152,950,209 $106,849,537

Kansas $47,593,428 $179,960,503 $132,367,074

Kentucky $104,183,497 $275,199,906 $171,016,409

Louisiana $137,135,999 $318,072,507 $180,936,508

Maine $23,472,389 $58,104,699 $34,632,309

Maryland $73,023,931 $291,828,741 $218,804,810

Massachusetts $103,342,571 $268,417,788 $165,075,217

Michigan $216,362,124 $548,816,196 $332,454,072

Minnesota $75,656,454 $255,009,119 $179,352,664

Mississippi $163,969,725 $226,485,199 $62,515,474

Missouri $110,512,605 $339,287,431 $228,774,826

Montana $32,911,370 $55,085,140 $22,173,770

Nebraska $30,672,064 $108,060,172 $77,388,108

Nevada $25,090,575 $199,765,452 $174,674,878

New Hampshire $11,848,328 $42,937,430 $31,089,102

New Jersey $122,304,556 $447,293,705 $324,989,149

New Mexico $57,846,738 $163,697,908 $105,851,170

New York $422,162,135 $1,245,558,115 $823,395,979

North Carolina $135,327,889 $678,835,500 $543,507,611

North Dakota $22,852,990 $31,878,041 $9,025,051

Ohio $246,990,917 $697,384,620 $450,393,703

Oklahoma $97,788,225 $281,673,871 $183,885,646

Oregon $55,871,716 $221,153,814 $165,282,098

Pennsylvania $222,479,706 $648,393,632 $425,913,926

Rhode Island $19,071,954 $48,357,815 $29,285,861

South Carolina $83,476,548 $329,560,946 $246,084,398

South Dakota $29,107,557 $41,977,843 $12,870,285

Tennessee $117,287,530 $436,823,067 $319,535,537

Texas $467,174,263 $2,317,804,090 $1,850,629,826

Utah $39,444,996 $222,401,629 $182,956,634

Vermont $10,372,184 $26,117,928 $15,745,744

Virginia $93,865,318 $438,595,486 $344,730,168

Washington $98,632,728 $426,498,017 $327,865,289

West Virginia $50,247,266 $97,525,743 $47,278,477

Wisconsin $93,273,813 $287,438,093 $194,164,280

Wyoming $12,076,768 $29,673,183 $17,596,415

United States $5,764,546,547 $20,181,703,882 $14,417,157,335

*Low-income children are those children from families with incomes below 200% FPL.

21

High-quality preschool has shown the potential to enhance children’s learning and development, especially among low-income and at-risk children.43 The goal of the federal Head Start program is to improve disadvantaged children’s school readiness. However, the program has never been funded adequately to provide high-quality education to all poor children, much less all those in low-income families. The State(s) of Head Start report is the first report to describe and analyze in detail the consequences of this funding policy for each state on four key dimensions of the program: enrollment, quality, duration, and funding.

We find large variation among the states in each of these four dimensions that cannot be explained by only the needs of children and families served. The report suggests that Head Start does not have the resources to serve all children in poverty let alone all low-income children who could benefit from the program. Even when children do attend Head Start, the quality is sometimes too low to have the impacts that it could. Currently, overall funding for Head Start is not adequate and the distribution of funding across states is neither rational nor fair. In sum, these findings suggest that the extent to which Head Start has the capacity to achieve its goals is far too limited generally and varies dramatically state-by-state. And this variation among the states cannot be fully explained by any rational policy goal.

The current administration, building on the work of previous administrations, continues to raise Head Start standards to increase quality and intensity of services across the country. But implementing these policy changes will be costly. As the report shows, although progress has been made, it is uneven across the states and there is still a long way to go. The revised and streamlined Head Start standards that went into effect this year are designed to improve the program overall and to reduce or eliminate some of the variation noted in this report. These goals can only be accomplished if the program receives greater funding, or if the number of children served is decreased. Teacher pay needs to be on par with public school teachers’ in order to improve the recruitment of strong teachers while reducing their stress and turnover.

Ultimately the program’s federal budget is simply

not adequate to provide a high-quality program to all of the eligible population. This forces tradeoffs among quality, duration, and the number of children served. Differences in local decisions regarding these tradeoffs and historical precedent seem the likely causes for the state-by-state variations we observe.

The State(s) of Head Start report reveals where the greatest needs are state-by-state, but the federal government must step up to help Head Start programs fulfill their mission. Currently Head Start is an under-funded mandate and programs are forced to choose between either improving quality, serving more children and families, or serving them for more time. While Head Start is only one part of the early care and education system, and state and local governments also have a role to play, this problem cannot be solved without addressing the need to provide enough funding for all eligible children — this problem is substantially worse for Early Head Start.

Even when considering Head Start, state-funded preschool, and preschool special education together, many states serve less than 20 percent of 3- and 4-year-olds. Looking at only Head Start and state-funded preschool (See Figures 18 and 19), only three states (Vermont, Oklahoma, and Florida) and the District of Columbia serve more than 80 percent of 4-year-olds. But most state-funded preschool programs focus only on 4-year-olds — only 27 states have preschool programs that serve 3-year-olds.Considering Head Start and state-funded preschool, the District of Columbia serves 64 percent of 3-year-olds but no other states serves more than 35 percent.44

Many state- and locally-funded preschool programs are very small and serve even smaller populations than does Head Start (as shown in Figures 18 and 19). Funding per child and quality standards are also typically much lower in state-funded preschool than Head Start. Nationally, Head Start federal funding per child is $3,000 more than the average state-funded preschool per child spending. Further, while Head Start has worked to increase teacher qualifications and now 73 percent of Head Start teachers have a bachelor’s degree or higher, only 33 of 57 state-funded preschool programs require teachers to have a bachelor’s degree or higher and not all of those states require those degrees to be in ECE or a

CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS

22

related field.38 Head Start also provides more support services to children and their families as part of its mission to serve the most vunerable and at-risk families. In sum, state-funded preschool offers far less than Head Start to children in poverty in many states.

To address these issues we recommend that policymakers and the broader early care and education community examine the variance across states and develop policies that ensure every eligible child has an equal opportunity to attend a high-quality, effective Head Start program. While programs need the latitude to plan based on local needs, we also need a rational and evidence-based method for setting funding levels that will ensure eligible children in every state have an equal opportunity to participate in a highly effective Head Start program. By this we do not mean simply altering the distribution of existing funding as this would “rob” some eligible and deserving children of support in order to serve others.

As we see no easy solutions to the issues raised by our report, we recommend an independent national bipartisan commission to study the issues raised in this report and develop an action plan for Head Start in conjunction with all of the other early care and education programs. The commission should include representatives from policy, research, and practice throughout the early care and education community, including Head Start. Head Start is also well positioned to collaborate with state- and locally-funded preschool and child care to improve the quality and accessibility of early childhood education. The action plan can build on efforts already in place to blend and braid policy and funding across multiple public programs. For example, West Virginia and the District of Columbia serve nearly all 4-year-olds through collaborations between state- and federally- funded early care and education programs. In Early Head Start, the recent Early Head Start-Child Care Partnerships model collaboration between Early Head Start and local infant and toddler programs to raise quality.

Given the gap between Early Head Start’s current capacity to meet the needs of the eligible population, we also suggest that Head Start consider defining a smaller, very high need population (e.g., homeless, at high risk of abuse and neglect, medically fragile) who could be given priority for Early Head Start services. The proposed national commission could explore how to put Early Head Start on a course towards providing highly-effective supports to all eligible children and families in all states and territories.

This report is the beginning of an important conversation about how the nation can best support the learning and development of its young children. Head Start is the single largest federal investment in early care and education. The federal government also funds an array of other programs that support the care and education of young children. Parents, local government, and state government also contribute substantial funding to support early care and education. If the nation is to assure that the learning and development needs of every child, everywhere are to be met, all of these sectors will need to plan and work together. Data provided by this report are one important resource to spur a conversation and additional research as we all work together to realize this vision.

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1 Head Start Program Performance Standards Final Rule. ACF-PI-HS-16-04.

2 Low-income children are those children from families with incomes below 200 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL). Children in poverty are those children from families below 100 percent of the FPL. According to the 2009 Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES), over 35% of children had household incomes above the FPL. Kopack Klein, A., Aikens, N., West, J., Lukashanets, S., & Tarullo, L. (2013). Data Tables for FACES 2009 Report Getting Ready for Kindergarten: Children’s Progress During Head Start. OPRE Report 2013-21b. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

3 Improving Head Start for School Readiness Act of 2007, P.L. 110-134, 121 Stat. 1363.

4 Pianta, R. C., LaParo, K. M., & Hamre, B. K. (2008). Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.

5 Head Start Program Standards Final Rule. ACF-PI-HS-16-04.6 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2016). FY 2016

Head Start Funding Increase. Log No. ACF-PI-HS-16-03.7 Bitler, M. P., Hoynes, H. W., & Domina, T. (2015). Experimental

evidence on distributional effects of Head Start. Working paper. Retrieved from: https://business.illinois.edu/finance/wp-content/uploads/sites/46/2015/08/hilary-hoynes-paper.pdf. Bloom, H. S., & Weiland, C. (2015). To what extent do the effects of Head Start on enrolled children vary across sites? New York: MDRC. Retrieved from http://www.mdrc.org/sites/default/files/quantifying_variation_in_head_start.pdf. Carneiro, P., & Ginja, R. (2014). Long-term impacts of compensatory preschool on health and behavior: Evidence from Head Start. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 6, 135-173. Deming, D. (2009). Early childhood intervention and life-cycle skill development: Evidence from Head Start. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 1, 111-34. Feller, A., Grindal, T., Miratrix, L., & Page, L. C. (2016). Compared to what? Variation in the Impacts of Early Childhood Education by Alternative Care Type. The Annals of Applied Statistics, 10, 1245-1285. Johnson, R. (2013). School quality and the long-run effects of Head Start. Berkeley: Goldman School of Public Policy working paper. Retrieved from https://gspp.berkeley.edu/assets/uploads/research/pdf/RJabstract_LRHeadStartSchoolQuality.pdf. Kline, P., & Walters, C. R. (2016). Evaluating public programs with close substitutions: The Case of Head Start. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1795-1848. Puma, M., Bell, S., Cook, R., Heid, C., Shapiro, G., Broene, P., Jenkins, F.,…Spier, E. (2010a). Head Start Impact Study. Final Report. Washington, DC. Puma, M., Bell, S. H., Cook, R., Heid, C., Broene, P., Jenkins, F., Mashburn, A., and Downer, J. (2012). Third grade follow-up to the Head Start Impact Study final report, OPRE Report #2012-45, Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Yoshikawa, H., Weiland, C., Brooks-Gunn, J., Burchinal, M., Gormley, W., Ludwig, J.,…Zaslow, M.J. (2013). Investing in our future: The evidence base on preschool education. Ann Arbor, MI: Society for Research in Child Development and New York: Foundation for Child Development. Zhai, F., Brooks-Gunn, J. and Waldfogel, J. (2014). Head Start’s impact is contingent on alternative type of care in comparison group. Developmental Psychology, 50, 2572–2586.

8 Head Start Program Performance Standards Final Rule. ACF-PI-HS-16-04.

9 Head Start Program Information Reports (PIR) for 2014-2015.10 Yoshikawa et al. (2013).11 Friedman-Krauss, A. H., Connors, M. C., & Morris, P. A. (2013).

When is more time in Head Start better for children? The role of classroom quality. Paper presented at the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Conference. Li, W., Farkas, G., Duncan, G.J., Vandell, D.L., & Burchinal, M. (2013). Effects of Head Start hours on children’s cognitive, pre-academic, and behavioral outcomes: An instrumental variables analysis. Paper presented at the Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness. Loeb, S., Bridges, M., Bassok, D., Fuller, B., & Rumberger, R. W. (2007).

How much is too much? The influence of preschool centers on children’s social and cognitive development? Economics of Education Review, 26, 52-66. McCartney, K., Burchinal, M., Clarke-Stewart, A., Bub, K. L., Owen, M. T., Belsky, J., & the NICHD Early Child Care Research Network (2010). Testing a series of causal propositions relating time in child care to children’s externalizing behavior. Developmental Psychology, 46, 1-17. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care Research Network (2003). Does amount of time spent in child care predict socioemotional adjustment during the transition to kindergarten? Child Development, 74, 976-1005. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care Research Network (2006). Child-care effect sizes for the NICHD study of early child care and youth development. American Psychologist, 61, 99-116. Walters, C. R. (2015). Inputs in the production of early childhood human capital: Evidence from Head Start. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 7, 76-102.

12 Office of Head Start (2016). Head Start Program Facts Fiscal Year 2015. Retrieved from https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/hslc/data/factsheets/2015-hs-program-factsheet.html. Office of Head Start (2016). Head Start Timeline. Retrieved from https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/hslc/hs/50th-anniversary/head-start-timeline.

13 Improving Head Start for School Readiness Act of 2007, P.L. 110-134, 121 Stat. 1363.

14 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2016). Head Start Timeline. Retrieved from https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/hslc/hs/50th-anniversary/head-start-timeline

15 Ibid.16 Head Start Program Performance Standards Final Rule. ACF-PI-

HS-16-04.17 Abbott-Shim, M., Lambert, R., & McCarty, F. (2003). A comparison

of school readiness outcomes for children randomly assigned to a Head Start program and the program’s wait list. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 8, 191-214. Barnett, W. S. (2011). Effectiveness of early educational intervention. Science, 333, 975-978. Currie, J., & Thomas, D. (1993). Does Head Start make a difference? NBER Working Paper Series. National Bureau of Economic Research: Cambridge, MA. Gormley, W. T., Phillips, D., & Gayer, T. (2008). Preschool programs can boost school readiness. Science, 320, 1723-1724. Lee, V. E., Brooks-Gunn, J., & Schnur, E. (1988). Does Head Start work? A 1-year follow-up comparison of disadvantaged children attending Head Start, no preschool, and other preschool programs. Developmental Psychology, 24, 210-222. Shager, H. M., Schindler, H. S., Magnuson, K. A., Duncan, G. J., Yoshikawa, H., Hart, C. M. D. (2013). Can research design explain variation in Head Start research results? A meta-analysis of cognitive and achievement outcomes. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 35, 76-95. Weiland, C., & Yoshikawa, H. (2013). Impacts of a prekindergarten program on children’s mathematics, language, literacy, executive function, and emotional skills. Child Development, 84, 2112-2130. Yoshikawa et al., 2013.

18 Shager et al. (2013).19 Abbott-Shim et al. (2003).20 Lumeng, J. C., Kaciroti, N., Sturza, J., Krusky, A. M., Miller, A. L.,

Peterson, K. E., Lipton, R., & Reischl, T. M. (2015). Changes in body mass index associated with Head Start participation. Pediatrics, 135, e449-e456.

21 Abbott-Shim et al., 2003. Hale, B. A., Seitz, V., & Zigler, E. (1990). Health services and Head Start: A forgotten formula. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 11, 447-458.

22 Gelber, A., & Isen, A. (2013). Children’s schooling and parents’ behavior: Evidence from the Head Start Impact Study. Journal of Public Economics, 101, 25-3.

23 Sabol, T. J., & Chase-Lansdale, L. C. (2014). The influence of low-income children’s participation in Head Start on their parents’ education and employment. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 34, 136-161.

24 Puma et al. (2010). Puma et al. (2012).

FOOTNOTES

24

25 Love, J. M., Kisker, E. E., Ross, C. M., Schochet, P. Z., Brooks-Gunn, J., Paulsell, D.,…Brady-Smith, C. (2002). Making a difference in the lives of infants and toddlers and their families: The Impacts of Early Head Start., Executive Summary. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

26 Love et al. (2002).27 Puma et al. (2010).28 Puma et al. (2012).29 Bitler et al. (2015). Bloom & Weiland, 2015. Feller et al. (2016).

Walters, 2015. Zhai et al. (2014).30 McCoy, D. C., Morris, P. A., Connors, M. C., Gomez, C. J., &

Yoshikawa, H. (2016). Differential effectiveness of Head Start in urban and rural communities. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 43, 29-42.

31 Walters, 2015.32 Kopack Klein et al. (2013).33 Ibid.

34 Barnett, W. S., Friedman-Krauss, A. H., Gomez, R. E., Horowitz, M., Weisenfeld, G. G., Brown, K., & Squires, J. H. (2016). State of Preschool Yearbook. New Brunswick, NJ: National Institute for Early Education Research.

35 Pianta et al. (2008). 36 Britto, P., Yoshikawa, H., & Boller, K. (2011). Quality of Early

Childhood Development Programs in Global Contexts: Rationale for Investment, Conceptual Framework and Implications for Equity. Social Policy Report, 25, 3-23. Burchinal, M., Howes, C., Pianta, R., Bryant, D., Early, D., Clifford, R., & Barbarin, O. (2008). Predicting child outcomes at the end of kindergarten from the quality of pre-kindergarten teacher-child interactions and instruction. Applied Developmental Science, 12, 140-153. Burchinal, M. R., Kainz, K., & Cai, Y. (2011). How well are our measures of quality predicting to child outcomes: A meta-analysis and coordinated analyses of data from large scale studies of early childhood settings. In M. Zaslow, I. Martinez-Beck, K. Tout & T. Halle (Eds.), Measuring quality in early childhood settings (pp. 11-32). Baltimore: Brookes Publishing. Yoshikawa et al., 2013. Zaslow, M., Anderson, R., Redd, Z., Wessel, J., Tarullo, L., & Burchinal, M. (2010). Quality Dosage, Thresholds, and Features in Early Childhood Settings: A Review of the Literature, OPRE 2011-5. Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

37 Early, D., Barbarin, O., Bryant, D., Burchinal, M., Chang, F., Clifford, R.,…Barnett, W. S. (2005). Pre-kindergarten in eleven states: NCEDL’s multi-state study of pre-kindergarten & study of state-wide early education programs (SWEEP). Preliminary descriptives report. NCEDL Working Paper. Farran, D. C., & Bilbrey, C. (2014). Variation in observed program characteristics across classrooms in the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program. Paper presented at the Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness. Francis, J. (2015). New Jersey Preschool Quality Evaluation Study. New Brunswick, NJ: National Institute for Early Education Research. Francis, J. (2016). Grow NJ Kids Validation Study: Year 1 Classroom Observation Findings. New Brunswick, NJ: National Institute for Early Education Research.

38 National Center for Education Statistics. Table 202.60 Percentage distribution of quality rating of child care arrangements of children at 4 years of age, by type of arrangement and selected child and family characteristics: 2005-06.

39 Institute of Medicine and National Research Council (2015). Transforming the Workforce for Children, Youth through Age 8. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.

40 Ibid.41 Head Start Program Performance Standards Final Rule. ACF-PI-

HS-16-04.42 We use 50 percent of low-income children as an estimate of the

number of eligible children given that not all children in Head Start are below the FPL. The number of poor children is equal to about half of the number of low-income children.

43 Barnett, 2011; Friedman-Krauss, A. H., Barnett, W. S., & Nores, M. (2016). How Much Can High-Quality Universal Pre-K Reduce Achievement Gaps? Washington DC: Center for American Progress. Yoshikawa et al., 2013.

44 Barnett et al. (2016).

25

State(s) of Head StartNATIONAL FIGURES

26

Nevada

Texas

Tennessee

Indiana

Georgia

Alabama

South Carolina

Arizona

Florida

New Jersey

Maryland

North Carolina

Utah

Ohio

Colorado

Idaho

Louisiana

New York

Virginia

Delaware

Massachusetts

National Average*

Kentucky

Mississippi

Missouri

California

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Pennsylvania

Oregon

Minnesota

Arkansas

Michigan

Washington

Connecticut

New Mexico

Illinois

Oklahoma

Rhode Island

Hawaii

Iowa

Kansas

New Hampshire

Nebraska

Maine

Alaska

Wyoming

South Dakota

Montana

Vermont

North Dakota

District of Columbia

0% 6%4% 5%3%1% 2% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 14%13% 15%

3.14%

2.88%

2.85%

2.70%

3.17%

3.25%

3.51%

3.59%

3.64%

3.81%

3.91%

3.92%

4.04%

4.09%

4.20%

4.24%

4.28%

4.29%

4.29%

4.35%

4.38%

4.44%

4.75%

4.85%

4.91%

4.93%

4.96%

4.98%

5.04%

5.15%

5.48%

5.31%

5.51%

5.51%

5.54%

5.80%

6.03%

6.10%

6.16%

6.80%

7.21%

7.27%

8.34%

8.51%

8.52%

9.09%

9.87%

10.06%

11.05%

12.77%

13.07%

4.10%

FIGURE 1. HEAD START ENROLLMENT AS PERCENT OF CHILDREN IN POVERTY UNDER 3 YEARS OLD IN 2014-2015**

*National Average includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia.**Children in poverty are those children from families with income below the FPL. Not all Head Start children’s families are below the FPL.

27

Idaho

Nevada

Oregon

North Carolina

Washington

Florida

Arizona

Indiana

Texas

Virginia

Utah

Maine

Tennessee

Colorado

Georgia

Nebraska

Connecticut

California

South Carolina

National Average*

New Jersey

Alabama

Kansas

New York

West Virginia

Hawaii

New Hampshire

Pennsylvania

Missouri

New Mexico

Delaware

Ohio

Arkansas

Vermont

Kentucky

Michigan

Iowa

Minnesota

Maryland

Massachusetts

Illinois

Wyoming

Rhode Island

Oklahoma

Wisconsin


Louisiana

Montana

South Dakota

Alaska

Mississippi

North Dakota

0% 40%30%20%10% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

15.92%

15.00%

18.04%

19.27%

22.19%

23.17%

23.44%

25.14%

25.48%

25.61%

25.89%

26.23%

28.78%

29.58%

31.21%

30.50%

31.69%

32.15%

32.90%

33.03%

33.16%

33.87%

34.15%

34.17%

34.21%

34.67%

34.90%

35.30%

35.45%

35.69%

37.21%

36.77%

37.27%

38.35%

38.94%

39.93%

40.71%

41.21%

41.87%

44.33%

47.73%

48.18%

51.18%

55.35%

57.29%

58.91%

59.20%

66.80%

73.63%

75.21%

97.34%

27.15%

FIGURE 2. HEAD START ENROLLMENT AS PERCENT OF 3-YEAR-OLDS IN POVERTY IN 2014-2015**


28

Nevada

Georgia

South Carolina

Oregon

North Carolina

Texas

Florida

Kansas

Wisconsin

Indiana

California

Washington

Maryland

Arkansas

Missouri

Tennessee

Arizona

New Jersey

Virginia

National Average*

Delaware

Massachusetts

Colorado

Iowa

Idaho

Louisiana

New York

Connecticut

Nebraska

Utah

Rhode Island

Pennsylvania

Oklahoma

Ohio

Michigan

Illinois

New Hampshire

Alabama

Kentucky

Minnesota

New Mexico

Vermont

Maine

Wyoming


Hawaii

South Dakota

Alaska

Mississippi

West Virginia

Montana

North Dakota

0% 40%30%20%10% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

22.13%

16.91%

24.36%

28.89%

29.07%

31.23%

31.74%

31.92%

32.19%

33.50%

34.73%

34.76%

35.70%

36.23%

36.87%

36.83%

37.43%

38.34%

38.41%

39.68%

39.73%

39.97%

40.36%

40.47%

40.52%

41.56%

42.20%

43.40%

43.40%

43.78%

45.11%

44.45%

45.94%

46.16%

46.51%

47.15%

47.47%

48.65%

49.72%

51.13%

60.66%

61.09%

61.50%

68.36%

69.92%

70.80%

88.06%

88.61%

89.52%

90.44%

100.00%

35.37%

FIGURE 3. HEAD START ENROLLMENT AS PERCENT OF 4-YEAR-OLDS IN POVERTY IN 2014-2015**


29

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9%

Nevada

Utah

Texas

Tennessee

Indiana

Idaho

Georgia

Alabama

Maryland

Florida

Arizona

Colorado

Virginia

South Carolina

New Jersey

North Carolina

Delaware

National Average*

Massachusetts

Ohio

New York

Louisiana

Minnesota

California

Missouri

Washington

Kentucky

Wisconsin

New Hampshire

Oregon

Pennsylvania

West Virginia

Hawaii

Arkansas

Connecticut

Mississippi

Oklahoma

Iowa

Illinois

Michigan

New Mexico

Kansas

Nebraska

Rhode Island

Montana

Alaska

Maine

Wyoming

South Dakota

Vermont

North Dakota


1.28%

1.52%

1.53%

1.60%

1.62%

1.68%

1.74%

1.84%

1.86%

1.92%

1.94%

1.97%

1.99%

2.00%

2.02%

2.12%

2.25%

2.32%

2.35%

2.37%

2.38%

2.41%

2.50%

2.52%

2.56%

2.56%

2.64%

2.65%

2.66%

2.67%

2.71%

2.73%

2.87%

2.89%

2.90%

2.94%

3.03%

3.05%

3.08%

3.15%

3.30%

3.44%

3.67%

3.77%

3.81%

3.93%

4.01%

4.55%

5.07%

5.11%

5.27%

7.69%

FIGURE 4. PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME CHILDREN UNDER 3 YEARS OLD ENROLLED IN HEAD START IN 2014-2015**

*National Average includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia.**Low-income children are those children from families with incomes below 200% FPL.

30

Idaho

Nevada

Utah

Oregon

North Carolina

Washington

Florida

Arizona

Indiana

Virginia

Texas

Colorado

New Hampshire

Hawaii

Maine

Nebraska

Tennessee

Kansas

California

Georgia

Delaware

New Jersey

Connecticut

National Average*

Minnesota

Iowa

Vermont

Pennsylvania

Missouri

South Carolina

West Virginia

New York

Maryland

Alabama

Arkansas

Ohio

New Mexico

Michigan

Wyoming

Kentucky

Massachusetts

Illinois

Alaska

Rhode Island

Oklahoma

Wisconsin

Montana

South Dakota


Louisiana

North Dakota

Mississippi

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

5.80%

7.32%

9.19%

9.30%

10.29%

10.39%

11.59%

11.87%

12.79%

12.93%

13.44%

13.47%

13.64%

14.10%

14.32%

14.54%

14.67%

15.99%

16.16%

16.28%

16.39%

16.77%

16.95%

17.08%

17.16%

17.76%

17.96%

18.52%

18.63%

18.63%

18.67%

18.95%

19.01%

19.39%

19.42%

20.42%

20.66%

21.65%

21.83%

22.08%

22.18%

22.74%

23.48%

24.00%

25.51%

27.17%

27.78%

34.17%

34.41%

34.91%

39.33%

45.29%

FIGURE 5. PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME 3-YEAR-OLDS ENROLLED IN HEAD START IN 2014-2015**


31

Nevada

Georgia

Oregon

South Carolina

Idaho

Utah

North Carolina

Washington

Kansas

Maryland

Wisconsin

Florida

New Hampshire

Texas

Indiana

California

Arkansas

Colorado

Iowa

New Jersey

Virginia

Connecticut

Missouri

Arizona

Delaware

Tennessee

Vermont

National Average*

Minnesota

Nebraska

New York

Massachusetts

Louisiana

Oklahoma

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Ohio

Illinois

Maine

New Mexico

Michigan

Alabama

Kentucky

Wyoming

Hawaii


Alaska

Montana

South Dakota

North Dakota

West Virginia

Mississippi

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

6.96%

12.57%

14.18%

14.21%

14.53%

14.71%

15.52%

15.80%

15.92%

16.01%

16.15%

16.18%

16.23%

16.44%

16.97%

17.59%

17.98%

18.20%

18.36%

18.45%

18.59%

18.78%

19.11%

19.21%

19.24%

19.44%

19.48%

19.67%

19.89%

20.05%

22.03%

22.77%

22.81%

22.82%

23.30%

23.39%

24.28%

24.58%

24.74%

25.12%

25.56%

27.10%

27.40%

27.72%

29.20%

31.13%

34.31%

34.85%

40.76%

46.45%

47.11%

52.41%

FIGURE 6. PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME 4-YEAR-OLDS ENROLLED IN HEAD START IN 2014-2015**


32

Guam, Northern MarianaIslands, Virgin Islands

New Mexico

Alabama

South Carolina

Migrant & Seasonal HS

Oklahoma

Louisiana

AIAN HS

Arizona

Mississippi

Georgia


Puerto Rico

Texas

Maryland

Florida

North Carolina

Nevada

Arkansas

West Virginia

Nebraska

Wisconsin

North Dakota

New Jersey

Virginia

California

Alaska

Iowa

National Average*

Kansas

Idaho

New York

Michigan

Oregon

South Dakota

Montana

Missouri

Pennsylvania

Ohio

New Hampshire

Massachusetts

Connecticut

Wyoming

Minnesota

Washington

Illinois

Hawaii

Delaware

Indiana

Colorado

Tennessee

Maine

Rhode Island

Utah

Kentucky

Vermont

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

2.49

2.55

2.56

2.57

2.58

2.61

2.62

2.63

2.68

2.71

2.73

2.74

2.74

2.77

2.77

2.79

2.79

2.80

2.80

2.81

2.83

2.83

2.83

2.84

2.85

2.86

2.86

2.88

2.88

2.89

2.90

2.91

2.91

2.92

2.97

2.97

2.97

2.98

3.00

3.00

3.02

3.02

3.09

3.09

3.11

3.12

3.14

3.19

3.20

3.25

3.29

3.72

2.77

2.27

2.47

2.48

FIGURE 7. AVERAGE CLASS INSTRUCTIONAL SUPPORT SCORES**

*National Average includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories, AIAN and MSHS.** Scores are averages across grantees in each state that received an on-site review as part of the grant renewal process between 2012 and 2015.

Research-based threshold for high quality (3)

33

South Carolina

Louisiana

Alabama

Mississippi

South Dakota

Oklahoma

Maryland

Georgia

Florida

Texas

Missouri

Idaho

Alaska

Virginia

West Virginia

Nebraska

Montana

New Hampshire

AIAN HS

Pennsylvania

New Mexico

National Average*

Puerto Rico


Tennessee

Ohio

Indiana


North Carolina

New York

Iowa

Arkansas

North Dakota

New Jersey

Wisconsin

Arizona

Michigan


Kansas

Kentucky

Hawaii

California

Connecticut

Minnesota

Illinois

Delaware

Oregon

Nevada

Massachusetts

Utah

Wyoming

Washington

Maine

Colorado

Rhode Island

Vermont

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

5.71

5.79

5.80

5.82

5.83

5.83

5.84

5.84

5.84

5.87

5.89

5.91

5.91

5.92

5.93

5.94

5.96

5.97

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.01

6.01

6.01

6.01

6.01

6.01

6.02

6.02

6.02

6.02

6.03

6.03

6.04

6.04

6.05

6.06

6.08

6.10

6.10

6.10

6.11

6.12

6.12

6.12

6.13

6.13

6.13

6.14

6.15

6.16

6.17

6.22

6.24

6.47

5.99

FIGURE 8. AVERAGE CLASS EMOTIONAL SUPPORT SCORES**


Research-based threshold for high quality (5.5)

34

South Dakota

South Carolina

Alabama

New Hampshire

Missouri

Mississippi

Louisiana

Georgia

Oklahoma

Maryland

New Mexico

Nebraska

Montana

Alaska

Florida

Puerto Rico


West Virginia

AIAN HS

Texas

New Jersey

Idaho


Ohio

Virginia

Michigan

Arkansas

National Average*

North Dakota

Pennsylvania

New York

Arizona

North Carolina

Maine

Iowa

Indiana

Connecticut

Wyoming

Wisconsin

California

Tennessee

Massachusetts

Illinois

Oregon


Delaware

Washington

Minnesota

Utah

Kansas

Kentucky

Colorado

Hawaii

Nevada

Rhode Island

Vermont

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

5.45

5.45

5.47

5.49

5.49

5.52

5.52

5.53

5.54

5.55

5.58

5.60

5.61

5.62

5.62

5.62

5.64

5.65

5.67

5.67

5.67

5.67

5.68

5.69

5.69

5.69

5.70

5.70

5.71

5.71

5.71

5.73

5.73

5.73

5.77

5.77

5.79

5.80

5.84

5.84

5.85

5.86

5.89

5.91

5.94

5.94

5.95

5.96

6.08

6.21

5.61

5.43

5.44

5.35

5.37

5.40

FIGURE 9. AVERAGE CLASS CLASSROOM ORGANIZATION SCORES**


Research-based threshold for high quality (5.5)

35

New Mexico

Florida

Idaho

Rhode Island

Louisiana

Nevada

New Jersey

Texas

Montana

Arkansas

Oklahoma

Alaska

Colorado

Virginia

West Virginia

Kentucky

Minnesota

South Dakota

Kansas

National Average*

Indiana

Wisconsin

Ohio

South Carolina

Georgia

Washington

Missouri

Alabama

Illinois

Maryland

Massachusetts

Iowa

Hawaii

Tennessee

New York

North Carolina

Connecticut

New Hampshire

California

Delaware

North Dakota

Arizona

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Michigan

Mississippi

Wyoming

Maine

Utah

Vermont

Nebraska


0% 40%30%20%10% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

13.64%

12.20%

12.17%

11.55%

15.72%

16.16%

16.36%

17.35%

19.64%

20.12%

21.34%

21.43%

21.66%

21.68%

22.89%

23.44%

24.36%

24.57%

27.48%

28.30%

29.41%

29.50%

29.51%

29.60%

29.81%

30.29%

30.51%

31.12%

31.54%

32.00%

32.08%

32.50%

32.60%

33.42%

34.07%

34.62%

36.11%

36.33%

37.14%

39.53%

40.00%

40.67%

40.99%

41.48%

42.20%

42.86%

45.10%

46.43%

50.00%

54.70%

64.29%

22.41%

FIGURE 10. PERCENT OF EARLY HEAD START TEACHERS WITH A BACHELOR’S DEGREE OR HIGHER

*National Average includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia.

36

New Mexico

Alaska

Arizona

Montana

Nevada

Washington

Alabama

Hawaii

Idaho

North Dakota

Arkansas

Massachusetts

Indiana

Colorado

Utah

Wyoming

Oregon

Missouri

California

Connecticut

Louisiana

New Hampshire

Minnesota

South Carolina

Kentucky

Oklahoma

South Dakota

Ohio

Mississippi

Florida

National Average*

Wisconsin

Texas

Tennessee

Maine

Kansas

Georgia

Virginia

North Carolina

Rhode Island

Michigan

Maryland

Illinois

Pennsylvania

Vermont

Delaware

Iowa

Nebraska

New Jersey

New York

West Virginia


0% 40%30%20%10% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

50.43%

44.65%

40.52%

36.36%

50.75%

53.04%

55.91%

56.15%

56.85%

60.26%

61.33%

61.78%

61.93%

63.06%

64.13%

64.34%

64.67%

65.02%

65.26%

65.87%

66.04%

66.36%

66.87%

67.57%

68.00%

68.82%

69.41%

70.18%

70.71%

72.14%

73.64%

73.97%

74.76%

75.73%

77.03%

77.77%

78.23%

78.47%

80.13%

80.64%

81.29%

84.20%

84.32%

84.78%

87.30%

88.39%

88.67%

88.83%

89.09%

91.60%

99.10%

63.98%

FIGURE 11. PERCENT OF HEAD START TEACHERS WITH A BACHELOR’S DEGREE OR HIGHER


37

New York

Massachusetts

New Jersey

Connecticut

California

Rhode Island

Maryland

Pennsylvania


Michigan

Alaska

Vermont

Wyoming

Illinois

Oregon

Ohio

Nevada

National Average*

Montana

Delaware

New Hampshire

Minnesota

Hawaii

Georgia

Kentucky

Alabama

North Dakota

Indiana

Texas

Iowa

Wisconsin

Tennessee

South Carolina

Florida

Maine

Idaho

Louisiana

North Carolina

Missouri

Nebraska

Utah

Mississippi

Colorado

Kansas

West Virginia

Arkansas

Washington

Virginia

Arizona

New Mexico

Oklahoma

South Dakota

$0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000

$39,559

$41,819

$42,604

$46,600

$36,977

$35,102

$33,199

$32,900

$30,822

$29,431

$29,132

$28,803

$27,984

$27,793

$26,409

$26,110

$25,848

$24,908

$24,680

$24,075

$23,846

$23,533

$22,986

$22,804

$22,578

$22,006

$21,383

$21,365

$20,838

$20,690

$20,102

$20,028

$19,989

$19,310

$19,283

$18,930

$18,698

$18,645

$18,309

$17,466

$17,233

$16,858

$16,332

$16,251

$15,687

$12,784

$12,607

$12,111

$10,436

$10,286

$6,272

$27,673

FIGURE 12. DIFFERENCE IN SALARY BETWEEN EARLY HEAD START TEACHERS WITH A BACHELOR’S DEGREE OR HIGHER AND PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS


38

Massachusetts

New York

California

Delaware

Pennsylvania

Connecticut

Rhode Island

New Hampshire

Michigan

Oregon

Alaska

Montana

Vermont

Ohio

Wyoming

Minnesota

Nevada

Indiana

Maine

New Jersey

National Average*

Georgia

South Carolina

Alabama

Iowa

Illinois

Idaho

Mississippi

Washington

Utah

Maryland

North Carolina

Wisconsin

Missouri

North Dakota

Kentucky

Louisiana

Hawaii

Arkansas

Tennessee

Nebraska

Kansas

Arizona

New Mexico

Colorado

Texas

Virginia

Oklahoma

Florida

South Dakota

West Virginia


$0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000

$36,168

$37,228

$40,418

$46,610

$35,451

$33,530

$33,437

$33,164

$33,006

$30,096

$29,778

$27,104

$26,508

$25,782

$24,486

$24,075

$23,711

$23,562

$22,992

$22,957

$22,567

$22,332

$21,909

$21,562

$21,367

$21,266

$20,926

$20,873

$20,746

$20,452

$19,805

$19,181

$17,893

$17,799

$17,193

$17,134

$16,912

$15,200

$15,143

$15,037

$14,308

$14,207

$13,825

$13,655

$12,556

$12,496

$11,888

$11,590

$9,101

$7,879

$0

$24,693

FIGURE 13. DIFFERENCE IN SALARY BETWEEN HEAD START TEACHERS WITH A BACHELOR’S DEGREE OR HIGHER AND PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS


39

Wyoming

Idaho

Alaska

Pennsylvania

Washington

Maryland

Utah

Hawaii

West Virginia

Oregon

Minnesota

Wisconsin

Vermont

Arizona

Kansas

Michigan

Indiana

Iowa

California

Rhode Island

Nebraska

Ohio

Maine

New Hampshire

Colorado

New York

South Dakota

Delaware

Massachusetts

North Carolina

National Average*

Connecticut

Virginia

Montana

North Dakota

Illinois

Kentucky

New Jersey

New Mexico

Tennessee

Missouri

Nevada


Florida

Texas

Alabama

Mississippi

Oklahoma

South Carolina

Georgia

Arkansas

Louisiana

0% 40%30%20%10% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

10.24%

6.78%

0.00%

0.00%

12.81%

16.26%

17.30%

18.81%

19.05%

19.05%

19.49%

21.04%

22.19%

22.65%

23.24%

23.93%

25.20%

25.45%

25.90%

27.40%

28.35%

29.09%

29.33%

30.94%

33.72%

36.90%

36.92%

38.06%

40.87%

41.00%

42.25%

42.94%

43.74%

46.47%

47.56%

47.91%

48.63%

50.16%

50.43%

53.01%

54.07%

55.89%

71.52%

72.81%

73.44%

75.27%

76.72%

78.13%

87.29%

89.07%

89.95%

22.73%

FIGURE 14. PERCENT OF EARLY HEAD START CHILDREN IN SCHOOL-DAY, 5-DAY PER WEEK PROGRAMS


40

Idaho

Wyoming

Alaska

Utah

West Virginia

Arizona

Indiana

New Hampshire

Minnesota

Washington

Oregon

Maine

Rhode Island

Colorado

North Dakota

Delaware

Michigan

Wisconsin

Montana

Kansas

Ohio

California

Nevada

Kentucky

Hawaii

Missouri

New Mexico

Nebraska

Massachusetts

Vermont

South Dakota

Illinois

Iowa

Pennsylvania

National Average*

Maryland

Oklahoma

Connecticut

Tennessee

Virginia

Texas

New York

Louisiana

North Carolina

Mississippi

New Jersey

Alabama

Florida

South Carolina

Arkansas

Georgia


0% 40%30%20%10% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

2.30%

1.87%

1.10%

0.72%

3.03%

3.40%

4.24%

5.50%

7.21%

7.84%

9.89%

10.30%

10.34%

10.63%

12.02%

13.49%

13.83%

14.78%

14.95%

15.80%

19.92%

20.02%

20.50%

21.89%

23.51%

25.53%

25.70%

27.09%

28.16%

29.06%

33.64%

34.43%

36.63%

44.27%

47.14%

60.60%

61.86%

61.87%

64.44%

68.77%

71.96%

74.35%

74.76%

75.15%

80.23%

82.31%

85.97%

86.98%

88.99%

99.06%

99.83%

10.65%

FIGURE 15. PERCENT OF HEAD START CHILDREN IN SCHOOL-DAY, 5-DAY PER WEEK PROGRAMS


41

District of Columbia**

Kansas

Illinois

New York

Virginia

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Wyoming

California

Connecticut

Ohio

Texas

Iowa

Alaska

Maryland

Hawaii

Rhode Island

New Hampshire

Utah

Georgia

Minnesota

Delaware

Colorado

Washington

National Average*

Wisconsin

North Carolina

Missouri

Oklahoma

Florida

West Virginia

Massachusetts

Michigan

South Carolina

Idaho

Tennessee

North Dakota

South Dakota

Arizona

Montana

Kentucky

Alabama

New Mexico

Louisiana

Indiana

Nevada

Oregon

Nebraska

Arkansas

Mississippi

Vermont

Maine

$0 $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000

$10,195

$9,992

$8,462

$8,325

$10,262

$10,335

$10,993

$11,156

$11,222

$11,702

$11,723

$11,896

$11,976

$11,991

$12,102

$12,255

$12,305

$12,375

$12,413

$12,424

$12,439

$12,532

$12,572

$12,575

$12,773

$12,896

$12,961

$13,025

$13,064

$13,242

$13,264

$13,384

$13,551

$13,636

$13,653

$13,723

$13,734

$13,837

$13,975

$13,981

$14,002

$14,117

$14,119

$14,142

$14,197

$14,223

$14,248

$14,255

$14,487

$15,536

$15,777

$12,020

FIGURE 16. 2014-2015 EARLY HEAD START FEDERAL FUNDING PER CHILD ADJUSTED FOR COST OF LIVING

*National Average includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia.**The cost of living adjustment for DC is exceptionally large and may overestimate the necessary adjustment for Head Start.

42

District of Columbia**

Delaware

Texas

Virginia

Illinois

Maryland

Oklahoma

Alabama

Colorado

Utah

Mississippi

Louisiana

Georgia

Hawaii

Arkansas

Wisconsin

Kentucky

North Carolina

South Carolina

West Virginia

New Mexico

New Jersey

Indiana

Tennessee

Ohio

Minnesota

California

Florida

National Average*

Wyoming

Pennsylvania

New York

Kansas

Nebraska

Iowa

Rhode Island

North Dakota

Michigan

Massachusetts

Connecticut

Missouri

Arizona

Nevada

Washington

New Hampshire

South Dakota

Montana

Idaho

Vermont

Maine

Oregon

Alaska

$0 $6,000$2,000 $4,000 $8,000 $10,000 $12,000

$6,799

$6,747

$6,580

$5,507

$6,970

$7,174

$7,177

$7,193

$7,230

$7,398

$7,412

$7,438

$7,531

$7,570

$7,663

$7,678

$7,704

$7,731

$7,733

$7,741

$7,777

$7,794

$7,833

$7,909

$7,981

$8,028

$8,066

$8,093

$8,159

$8,181

$8,271

$8,289

$8,290

$8,334

$8,336

$8,344

$8,370

$8,567

$8,611

$8,630

$8,781

$8,807

$8,842

$9,221

$9,257

$9,486

$9,825

$10,579

$10,684

$10,716

$10,995

$7,572

FIGURE 17. 2014-2015 HEAD START FEDERAL FUNDING PER CHILD ADJUSTED FOR COST OF LIVING

*National Average includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia.**The cost of living adjustment for DC is exceptionally large and may overestimate the necessary adjustment for Head Start.

43

Idaho

Utah

New Hampshire

Nevada

Virginia

Hawaii

North Carolina

Florida

Indiana

Delaware

Minnesota

Kansas

Washington

Maine

New York

Wyoming

Tennessee

Georgia

Rhode Island

Arizona

Alaska

Iowa

Maryland

Missouri

Alabama

Oregon

Michigan

Wisconsin

Ohio

Massachusetts

North Dakota

National Average*

New Mexico

Pennsylvania

Montana

Colorado

South Dakota

West Virginia

Texas

Oklahoma

South Carolina

Connecticut

California

Louisiana

Kentucky

Nebraska

New Jersey

Mississippi

Illinois

Arkansas

Vermont


0% 10% 60%20% 30% 40% 50% 70%

3.56%

4.09%

4.34%

4.57%

4.80%

5.04%

5.64%

6.29%

6.56%

6.59%

6.80%

7.62%

8.00%

8.14%

8.27%

8.35%

8.69%

8.89%

9.07%

9.44%

9.82%

10.19%

10.70%

10.77%

10.80%

10.98%

11.21%

11.45%

12.43%

12.77%

12.80%

12.91%

13.00%

13.69%

14.05%

14.09%

14.22%

14.36%

14.43%

14.70%

14.99%

15.09%

16.23%

18.95%

20.31%

20.77%

24.64%

28.95%

29.48%

32.41%

33.87%

63.59%

State supplement to Head Start State-funded preschoolFederally funded Head Start

FIGURE 18. PERCENT OF 3-YEAR-OLDS IN THE STATE ENROLLED IN HEAD START AND STATE-FUNDED PRESCHOOL IN 2014-2015**

*National Average includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia.**Total can overstate public enrollment as some or all state-funded preschool children may be served in Head Start. Where possible an unduplicated percentage is provided.

44

New Hampshire

Utah

Nevada

Idaho

Minnesota

Indiana

Wyoming

Hawaii

Massachusetts

Missouri

Rhode Island

Washington

Delaware

North Dakota

Arizona

Oregon

South Dakota

Ohio

Alaska

Montana

Pennsylvania

Alabama

Virginia

California

North Carolina

Kansas

Connecticut

Tennessee

Colorado

Mississippi

New Jersey

Illinois

National Average*

Nebraska

Michigan

Kentucky

Maryland

Louisiana

New Mexico

Maine

Arkansas

South Carolina

Texas

New York

Georgia

Iowa

Wisconsin

West Virginia

Florida


Oklahoma

Vermont

0% 10% 60%20% 30% 40% 50% 100%90%80%70%

5.49%

6.63%

6.72%

8.35%

8.69%

9.28%

11.64%

11.75%

12.09%

13.07%

14.36%

15.03%

15.37%

16.08%

16.35%

17.16%

17.27%

17.38%

18.06%

19.30%

22.50%

24.47%

24.78%

26.15%

26.69%

28.10%

28.79%

30.46%

30.86%

34.65%

34.82%

37.74%

37.79%

39.17%

39.63%

39.90%

41.70%

43.80%

44.82%

47.01%

48.83%

55.26%

56.48%

58.62%

61.98%

66.55%

71.18%

72.01%

85.02%

86.25%

87.51%

91.16%

State supplement to Head Start State-funded preschoolFederally funded Head Start

FIGURE 19. PERCENT OF 4-YEAR-OLDS IN THE STATE ENROLLED IN HEAD START AND STATE-FUNDED PRESCHOOL IN 2014-2015**

*National Average includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia.**Total can overstate public enrollment as some or all state-funded preschool children may be served in Head Start. Where possible an unduplicated percentage is provided.

45

For each state and territory, the report provides a one-page overview of Head Start and Early Head Start in 2014-2015. An additional six pages provide in-depth data on enrollment, funding, child and family characteristics, support services, staff, and program type and duration for the 2014-15 program year with historical data back to 2006-2007. See the full report at nieer.org for this information for all states and territories.

Each state’s information includes data on Head Start (HS), Early Head Start (EHS), HS AIAN, and EHS AIAN programs (unless otherwise noted). Migrant and Seasonal Head Start (MSHS) data are not reported by state and territory, but are summarized in a separate MSHS section. AIAN programs are summarized in a separate section as well.

For comparison purposes, each state profile includes information on national averages. The national average on the state pages is based on the 50 states, District of Columbia, and six U.S. territories

(American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands), and includes data on the American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) programs. Data on the National Overview page also include MSHS.

HEAD START & EARLY HEAD START 2014-2015 OVERVIEW

The one-page overview for each state reports specific information from the 2014-2015 school year. State-specific information is presented in green and national averages in purple. The overview is divided into eight sections:

Federally Funded Enrollment: The first column shows the number of federally-funded children and pregnant women enrolled in Head Start.1 The second column shows the percent of children in the state enrolled in Head Start, and the third column shows the percent of low-income children (less than 200

STATE(S) OF HEAD STARTGUIDE TO THE STATE PROFILES

46

percent of the FPL) in the state enrolled in Head Start. We do this because family income is not locked below the FPL permanently after children enter Head Start and children are not required to leave the program if their family income rises above the FPL after they enroll. For many children served by Head Start, family income ends up above the FPL by the end of their 4-year-old year.2 For each of these three data points, the first row of the enrollment table shows the total number of children and pregnant women served by Head Start. Subsequent rows show the number of pregnant women, children under age 3, 3-year-olds and 4-year-olds.3

Federal Funding: The first row presents the total federal funding for Head Start programs in the state.4 The second and third rows split this into funding for Early Head Start and Head Start, respectively. EHS AIAN funding was not reported by state and is not reported here, but HS AIAN is included.

Enrollment: This figure shows the percent of low-income children under age 3, age 3, and age 4 enrolled in Head Start in the state (in green) and nationally (in purple).5 Percentages reported on the national overview page include MSHS but this is not the case on the individual state profiles.

Quality: This figure presents average scores for each state on the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS).6 CLASS data are from the Head Start monitoring process and may not reflect all grantees in a state. Green bars show the average scores across observed classrooms on the three CLASS domains: Instructional Support, Emotional Support, and Classroom Organization. National averages for each domain are purple. For each CLASS domain, a research-based threshold is also presented by a black line. A red X above a state’s data indicates the score is statistically significantly below the research-based threshold. A green 4 above a state’s data indicates the score is statistically significantly above the research-based threshold. No mark indicates the score is not statistically different from the research-based threshold.

Teacher Degree: The green bars in this figure present the percentage of all Early Head Start and Head Start teachers in the state holding a bachelor’s degree or higher in early childhood education or a related field. For comparison, national averages are provided in purple. Early Head Start and Head Start teachers include lead teachers and co-lead teachers. All Early Head Start infant and toddler classrooms must have two teachers.

Teacher Salary: This figure shows the average salary

in each state for Early Head Start and Head Start teachers holding a bachelor’s degree or higher (green bars). The average salary of a public elementary school teacher in each state is the third green bar. For comparison, the national averages are provided, in purple.

Program Duration: This figure shows the percent of the Early Head Start and Head Start funded enrollment served in school-day, 5-day per week programs. Green bars present this information for the state and purple bars provide the national average. School-day programs are those that operate more than 6 hours per day.

Funding: This final figure presents the average federal funding per child enrolled in Early Head Start and Head Start in the state (green bars). The light green bars show federal funding per child that has been adjusted to account for differences in the cost of living across states. The purple bars show the national average Early Head Start and Head Start federal funding per child. The EHS spending per child in each state does not include EHS AIAN as this funding was not reported by state. However, on the national overview page Early Head Start funding per child figure does includes EHS and EHS AIAN.

DETAILED HEAD START & EARLY HEAD START STATE PROFILES

For each state, the report provides an additional six pages of data, divided into eight sections described below. These pages focus primarily on the 2014-2015 program year but also show trends over time, beginning with the 2006-2007 program year. The first four sections (two pages) present information combined across Early Head Start (EHS and EHS AIAN) and Head Start (HS and HS AIAN). The next two sections focus on Early Head Start (including EHS AIAN) while the final two show data on Head Start (including HS AIAN).

Enrollment: The enrollment section begins with a table showing the total number of children and pregnant women enrolled, and per Early Head Start and Head Start. The first row shows the total number of funded slots for children and pregnant women. The second row shows the number of children and pregnant women who participated in Head Start and were funded by federal dollars. This second row includes funded children and pregnant women in Early Head Start and Head Start, but does not include those funded by the AIAN programs. The third row shows the number of children and pregnant women who were enrolled through state funding that

47

supplemented federal Head Start funding. The fourth row shows the number of children and pregnant women who participated in Early Head Start and Head Start who were funded by the federal Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) program. The fifth row shows the number of children funded by the AIAN programs. When added together, rows two through five equal the total in row one. Row six shows the cumulative enrollment for Early Head Start and Head Start. Cumulative enrollment is different from, and typically exceeds, funded enrollment. It represents the total number of children and pregnant women who have been enrolled in the program at any time during the program year, including children who may have left early or started late. Some children may be counted more than once in the cumulative enrollment count if they leave one location and re-enroll in another. The final row represents data on the number of children served through a partnership between Head Start and a center-based child care program.

The “Number of Children Enrolled Over Time, By Age” figure illustrates how the number of federally-funded children has changed from 2006-2007 to 2014-2015. This figure also shows how enrollment age composition has changed over time. Note the scale of the vertical axis is not fixed across states in order to accommodate both small and large states.

The “Percent of Children in the State Served” figure illustrates how the percentage of children in the state funded by Early Head Start and Head Start changed from 2006-2007 to 2014-2015. Note that the vertical axis is the same for all states, always 0 to 100 percent.

The “Percent of Low-Income Children in the State Served” figure shows how the percent of children from low-income families in the state funded to enroll in Head Start changed from 2006-2007 to 2014-2015. This figure focuses on the state’s low-income children (defined as less than 200 percent FPL), rather than all children in the state. Note that the vertical axis is the same for all states, always 0 to 100 percent.

Funding: The funding section begins with a table showing the amounts of Early Head Start and Head Start federal funding and state supplements. Early Head Start and Head Start programs receive other funding that is not captured by this report. For example, Head Start providers are required to obtain a 20 percent match which may be cash or in-kind (i.e., donated goods and services). The first column shows the total funding for Head Start and Early Head Start programs in the state and this amount is broken out into Early Head Start and Head Start in the next two

columns. The first row shows the total federal funding, including funding for AIAN programs, plus any state supplemental funding. The second row shows the total federal funding for Head Start and Early Head Start programs (including HS AIAN and EHS AIAN). This amount is broken out in the third and fourth rows: the third row reflects HS and EHS whereas the fourth row reflects HS AIAN and EHS AIAN. Note that EHS AIAN funding could not be broken out by state and is listed as “Not available” in this table for states that had EHS AIAN funded enrollment. The fifth row in this table shows the amount of state supplemental funding for Head Start. This information was not available for Early Head Start (with two exceptions) and is listed as “Not available” in the table.

The “Federal Funding Per Child (2015 Dollars)” figure shows how federal funding per child has changed between 2006-2007 and 2014-2015. All dollar amounts are adjusted for inflation and converted to “2015 Dollars.” From 2006-2007 through 2010-2011, spending could not be separately allocated for EHS and HS so only one amount is shown. The green bars show the amount of federal funding for HS and EHS divided by the total federally-funded enrollment in HS and EHS. Beginning in 2011-2012, funding per child is separated into EHS and HS. As a transitional comparison, the overall funding per child is also presented for 2011-2012. Purple bars show the federal funding per child for EHS while the pink bars show the federal funding per child for HS (including HS AIAN in 2014 and 2015). The darker purple and pink bars show the EHS and HS (respectively) 2014-2015 federal funding per child that have been adjusted for cost of living differences across the states. Finally, the light purple and pink hashed bars show the average federal funding per child across the 50 states, DC, and 6 U.S. territories.

Child and Family Characteristics: This section describes the children and families enrolled in HS and EHS programs during the 2014-2015 program year. Information in this section is based on cumulative enrollment (i.e., all children who attended HS or EHS at any point during the 2014-2015 school year).

• The “Ethnicity” figure shows the percent of children who are Hispanic/Latino and the percent of children who are Non-Hispanic/Non-Latino.

• The “Race” figure shows the percent of children by their racial background: American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, White, Biracial/Multi-racial, and other or unspecified race.

• The “Home Language” figure shows the percent

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of children by the primary language spoken by the child’s family at home. The languages presented for each state vary in order to show the languages represented in each state. If a language is not shown on a state’s page, that means the percent of children reported to have that home language was less than half a percent.

• The “Parent Education” figure shows the percent of HS and EHS families in the state by highest level of education earned by either parent. Some families did not report their highest level of education; therefore, percentages may not always add up to 100 percent.

• The “Family Use of Public Assistance” figure shows the percent of HS and EHS families in the state who received each of four different types of public assistance: federal Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF); Supplemental Security Income (SSI); Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).

• The “Other Child and Family Characteristics” figure provides data on some additional characteristics of HS and EHS children and families in the state:

— Meets income requirement is the percent of children enrolled in EHS or HS in the state who were eligible for HS or EHS based on family income below 100 percent of the federal poverty level, being homeless, or receiving public assistance.

— Child has an IEP/IFSP is the percent of children enrolled in HS or EHS in the state who were eligible for special education or early intervention at any point during the 2014-2015 program year.

— Child was referred to Head Start by child welfare is the percent of children enrolled in HS or EHS in the state who were referred to the program by a child welfare agency.

— Child experienced homelessness is the percent of children enrolled in HS or EHS in the state who experienced homelessness at some point during the 2014-2015 program year.

— Single parent family is the percent of HS and EHS families in the state who were one-parent households.

— Parental unemployment is the percent of HS and EHS families in the state where no parents were employed. This number includes both one- and two-parent families.

Support Services: The “Children Receiving Health Services” figure shows five health services indicators for 2014-2015 at the time of entry and at the end of enrollment.

• Up-to-date immunizations shows the percent of HS and EHS children who had received all age-appropriate immunizations, had received all possible immunizations (although not all of those appropriate for their age), or met the state’s guidelines for exemption from immunizations.

• Health insurance shows the percent of HS and EHS children who had health insurance.

• Medical home shows the percent of HS and EHS children in who had “an ongoing source of continuous, accessible health care excluding urgent care centers and emergency room settings.”

• Up-to-date on age-appropriate preventive and primary health shows the percent of HS and EHS children who had received all screenings and health care as stipulated by the state’s Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment (EPSDT) guidelines.

• Dental home shows the percent of HS and EHS children who had “an ongoing source of continuous, accessible dental care provided by a dentist.”

The “Children Receiving Transportation” pie chart shows the percent of HS and EHS children for whom Head Start provided transportation.

The “Families’ Use of Support Services” figure shows the percent of HS and EHS families who used any of five of the many support services offered by Head Start programs. The five support services included (parenting education; health education; emergency/crisis intervention such as meeting immediate needs for food, clothing, or shelter; adult education such as GED programs and college selection; and mental health services) were selected because they were the five most frequently used support services across the country. Families can utilize more than one support service.

The “Families Receiving at Least One Support Service” pie chart shows the percent of HS and EHS families who utilized at least one of the support services offered by their Head Start program.

Early Head Start Staff: The “Percent of Teachers by Highest Degree in ECE or Related Field” figure shows how EHS teacher qualifications in the state changed from 2006-2007 to 2014-2015. Each bar shows the percentage of teachers by degree level in a given year. Higher qualifications are at the bottom, fewer qualifications are at the top. All degrees are in ECE or

49

a related field. Teachers include lead teachers and co-lead teachers. All Early Head Start infant and toddler classrooms are required to have two teachers.

The “Average Teacher Salary” figure provides information about average EHS teacher and assistant teacher salaries in the state overall and by level of qualifications. It also shows the difference in average salary between EHS teachers in the state with a BA or higher and public elementary school teachers in the state.

The “Staff Characteristics” figure provides additional information about EHS staff including the percent of EHS “child development” staff in the state who identify as Hispanic or Latino and the percent who speak a language other than English. “Child development” staff includes EHS teacher and assistant teachers, home-based visitors, and family child care providers. Also reported is the percent of all EHS staff who currently are, or previously were, parents of Head Start children.

The “Staff Turnover” figure provides information about EHS staff turnover among teachers and home visitors in the state.

• Teacher left shows the percent of EHS teachers in the state who left their Head Start program during the 2014-2015 school year.

• Teacher left for better compensation is the percent of all EHS teachers in the state who left their Head Start program for a job in ECE with higher compensation and/or a better benefits package.

• Teacher vacancies over 3 months shows the percent of all EHS teacher positions in the state that remained unfilled for 3 months or longer.

• Teacher vacancies filled shows the percent of EHS teacher vacancies in the state that were filled due to hiring new teachers during the program year.

• Home visitor left shows the percent of EHS home visitors in the state who left their Head Start program during the 2014-2015 school year.

• Home visitor left for better compensation is the percent of all EHS home visitors in the state who left their Head Start program for a job in ECE with higher compensation and/or a better benefits package.

• Home visitor vacancies over 3 months shows the percent of all EHS home visitor positions in the state that remained unfilled for 3 months or longer.

• Home visitor vacancies filled shows the percent of EHS home visitor vacancies in the state that were filled due to hiring new home visitors during the

program year.

The three “Additional Staff Qualifications” pie charts show the degree qualifications for EHS assistant teachers, EHS home visitors, and EHS ECD managers in the state. EHS assistant teachers are the third paid staff in infant and toddler classrooms working as teacher aides.

The two “Staff Demographic Characteristics” pie charts show additional information on EHS “Child Development” staff, including language proficiency and self-identified race.

Type and Duration of Early Head Start Services: The three “Program Type and Duration” pie charts provide information about the types of EHS programs serving children in the state and the number of hours per day, days per week, and years children attended.

• The “Enrollment by program type” pie chart shows the percent of the funded EHS enrollment by setting. Children enrolled in center-based EHS received services in classroom-based settings. Children in home-based EHS received services primarily in their own home alongside their parents and family. Some children received both types, referred to as “combination.” Children in family care received EHS services in the home of a family child care provider. Other children received EHS services through other means that were approved by the Office of Head Start, referred to here as “Locally-designed.” The pie chart also includes the percent of EHS funded enrollment that were pregnant women.

• The “Enrollment in center-based programs by operating schedule” pie chart shows the percent of EHS children in centers who attended for a school-day, 5 days per week; a school-day, 4 days per week; a part-day, 5 days per week; or a part-day 4 days per week. School-day programs provide services for more than 6 hours per day. Part-day programs provide services for 6 hours or less per day.

• The “Number of years enrolled in Early Head Start” pie chart shows the percent of EHS children in each state who have been enrolled in Head Start for three or more years, two years, or only one year (the current year). Prior enrollment is only included if the child was enrolled for at least half of the program year.

The “Percent of Children in School-Day, 5-Day Per Week Programs” figure shows the percent of EHS funded enrollment in the state who attended center-based EHS programs for a school-day, five days per

50

week. This figure also shows how this percentage changed from 2006-2007 to 2014-2015.

The “Percent of Children in Child Care Partnerships” figure shows the percent of EHS funded enrollment in the state who attended EHS through enrollment in either center-based child care or family child care that had a formal contractual agreement with Head Start to provide child care services that met the Head Start Program Performance Standards. This figure also shows how this percentage changed between 2006-2007 and 2014-2015.

This section includes three other figures that provide additional information about the type of EHS programs and the amount of services received by EHS participants in the state.

• Child turnover rate shows the percent of children who left their EHS program before the end of the program year. This is calculated as the difference between cumulative enrollment and funded enrollment divided by funded enrollment (as reported in the PIR).

• Percent of children receiving a child care subsidy shows the percent of EHS children with care paid for by a child care subsidy.

• Percent of pregnant women who left the program before giving birth shows the percent of pregnant women receiving EHS services who left the program prior to giving birth and did not re-enroll in the program.

Head Start Staff: The “Percent of Teachers by Highest Degree in ECE or Related Field” figure shows how Head Start teacher qualifications in the state changed from 2006-2007 to 2014-2015. Each bar shows the percentage of teachers by degree level in a given year. Higher qualifications are at the bottom, fewer qualifications are at the top. All degrees are in ECE or a related field.

The “Average Teacher Salary” bar graph provides information about average HS teacher and assistant teacher salaries in the state overall and by level of qualifications. The report also presents the average salary for public elementary school teachers in the state for comparison, and the difference in average salary between HS teachers with a BA or higher and public elementary school teachers.

The “Staff Characteristics” figure provides additional information about HS staff.

• Hispanic or Latino shows the percent of HS “child development” staff in the state who identify as Hispanic or Latino. “Child development” staff includes HS teachers and assistant teachers, home-

based visitors, and family child care providers.

• Current/Former Head Start parent shows the percent of all HS staff in the state who currently are or previously were parents of Head Start children.

• Speaks a language other than English shows the percent of all HS “child development” staff who are proficient in a language other than English.

The “Staff Turnover” figure provides information about HS staff turnover among teachers and home visitors in the state.

• Teacher left shows the percent of HS teachers in the state who left their Head Start program during the 2014-2015 school year.

• Teacher left for better compensation is the percent of all HS teachers in the state who left their Head Start program for a job in ECE with higher compensation and/or a better benefits package.

• Teacher vacancies over 3 months shows the percent of all HS teacher positions in the state that remained unfilled for 3 months or longer.

• Teacher vacancies filled shows the percent of HS teacher vacancies in the state that were filled due to hiring new teachers during the program year.

• Home visitor left shows the percent of HS home visitors in the state who left their Head Start program during the 2014-2015 school year.

• Home visitor left for better compensation is the percent of all HS home visitors in the state who left their Head Start program for a job in ECE with higher compensation and/or a better benefits package.

• Home visitor vacancies over 3 months shows the percent of all HS home visitor positions in the state that remained unfilled for 3 months or longer.

• Home visitor vacancies filled shows the percent of HS home visitor vacancies in the state that were filled due to hiring new home visitors during the program year.

The three “Additional Staff Qualifications” pie charts show the degree qualifications for HS assistant teachers, HS home visitors, and HS ECD managers in the state.

The two “Staff Demographic Characteristics” pie charts show the percent of HS staff in the state by language proficiency and self-identified race.

Type and Duration of Head Start Services: The three “Program Type and Duration” pie charts provide information about the types of HS programs children in the state are enrolled in and the number of hours

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per day, days per week, and years of HS children attend.

• The “Enrollment by program type” pie chart shows the percent of the funded HS enrollment by setting. Children enrolled in center-based HS received services in classroom-based settings. Children in home-based HS received services primarily in their own home alongside their parents and family. Some children received both, referred to as “combination.” Children in family care received HS services in the home of a family child care provider. Other children received HS services through other means that were approved by the Office of Head Start, referred to here as “Locally-designed.”

• The “Enrollment in center-based programs by operating schedule” pie chart shows the percent of HS children in center-based programs who attended for a school-day, 5 days per week; a school-day, 4 days per week; a part-day, 5 days per week; or a part-day 4 days per week. School-day programs provide services for more than 6 hours per day. Part-day programs provide services for 6 hours or less per day.

• The “Number of years enrolled in Head Start” pie chart shows the percent of HS children in each state who have been enrolled in Head Start for three or more years, two years, or only one year (the current year). Years enrolled includes enrollment in HS as well as EHS. Prior enrollment is only included if the child was enrolled for at least half of the program year.

The “Percent of Children in School-Day, 5-Day Per Week Programs” figure shows the percent of HS funded children who attended center-based HS programs for a school-day, five days per week. This figure also shows how this percentage changed between 2006-2007 and 2014-2015.

This section includes seven other figures that provide additional information about the type of HS programs and the amount of services received by HS

participants in the state.

• Percent of children in school-day programs shows the percent of funded HS children in school-day center-based programs and family child care arrangements (either 4 or 5 days per week).

• Percent of children in full-working-day, full-calendar-year programs shows the percent of funded HS children who attended programs providing services every week day other than legal public holidays for 10 hours per day or more (in accordance with State law).

• Percent of children in 5-day/week programs shows the percent of funded HS children in each state who attended center-based HS programs 5 days per week (either school- or part-day).

• Percent of children receiving at least 1,020 hours of Head Start per year shows the percent of HS children in each state who received at least 1,020 hours of Head Start in 2014-2015. The 1,020 hours is equivalent to a 6-hour day for 170 days per year (similar to public school schedules exclusive of staff professional development days). However, programs can decide how to distribute those 1,020 hours per year. For example, programs could offer fewer hours per day for a full-calendar year.

• Child turnover rate shows the percent of children who left their HS program before the end of the program year. This is calculated as the difference between cumulative enrollment and funded enrollment divided by funded enrollment (as reported in the PIR).

• Percent of children receiving a child care subsidy shows the percent of HS children in the state for whom the Head Start program (or a partner) received a child care subsidy.

• Percent of children in double sessions shows the percent of HS-funded children in the state who were enrolled in part-day center-based programs in which the same teacher had a morning class and an afternoon class.

1 This section reports on only federally funded Head Start

enrollment. Additional children may be enrolled in Head Start but

funded by other sources.

2 For example, over 35 percent of children in the 2009 Head Start

Family and Child Experiences Survey had a household income

above the FPL.

3 Due to rounding, enrollment numbers by age may not add up to

the total. See methodology for additional information.

4 This section reports on only federal funds for Head Start. Additional state, local, and/or private funding, including a mandatory 20 percent match, may also be used to support Head Start programs.

5 This section reports on only federally funded Head Start enrollment. Additional children may be enrolled in Head Start but funded by other sources.

6 Pianta, R. C., LaParo, K. M., & Hamre, B. K. (2008). Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS). Baltimore, MDL: Brookes.

FOOTNOTES

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HEAD START AND EARLY HEAD START 2014-2015 OVERVIEW

Federally Funding Enrollment

• Total number of children and pregnant women enrolled (funded by federal dollars)

– Total (children and pregnant women)

– Pregnant women

– Children under 3 years old

– 3-year-olds

– 4-year-olds

• Percent of children in the state enrolled in Head Start (funded by federal dollars)

– Total children birth through 5 years


– 3-year-olds

– 4-year-olds

• Percent of low-income children in the state enrolled in Head Start (funded by federal dollars)

– Total children birth through 5 years


– 3-year-olds

– 4-year-olds

Federal Funding

• Total federal funding for Head Start and Early Head Start

– Total federal funding for Early Head Start (does not include AIAN EHS other than on national overview)

– Total federal funding for Head Start (includes HS AIAN)

Enrollment (Percent of Low-Income Children Served by Head Start)

• Percent of low-income children under 3 years old enrolled in Head Start

• Percent of low-income 3-year-olds enrolled in Head Start

• Percent of low-income 4-year-olds enrolled in Head Start

Quality (Classroom Quality Scores)

• CLASS Instructional Support score

– Is the score significantly higher or lower than

the research-based threshold (3)

• CLASS Emotional Support score

– Is the score significantly higher or lower than the research-based threshold (5.5)

• CLASS Classroom Organization score

– I s the score significantly higher or lower than the research-based threshold (5.5)

Teacher Degree (Percent of Teachers with a Bachelor’s Degree or Higher)

• Percent of Early Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher in infant and toddler development or a related field

• Percent of Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher in ECE or a related field

Teacher Salary (Average Salary of Teachers with a Bachelor’s Degree)

• Average salary of Early Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher in infant and toddler development or a related field

• Average salary of Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher in ECE or a related field

• Average salary of public elementary school teachers

Program Duration (Percent of Children in School-Day, 5-Day per Week Programs)

• Percent of Early Head Start children enrolled in school-day (more than 6 hours), 5-day per week programs

• Percent of Head Start children enrolled in school-day (more than 6 hours), 5-day per week programs

Funding

• Federal funding per child enrolled in Early Head Start (does not include EHS AIAN other than on the national overview)

• Federal funding per child enrolled in Early Head Start, adjusted for state cost of living

• Federal funding per child enrolled in Head Start

• Federal funding per child enrolled in Head Start, adjusted for state cost of living

DATA POINTS IN THE STATE(S) OF HEAD START REPORT

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DETAILED HEAD START & EARLY HEAD START STATE PROFILES

Enrollment

• Total funded enrollment (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

– Federally funded enrollment (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

– Enrollment funded by state supplement (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

– Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home Visiting enrollment (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

– American Indian and Alaska Native funded enrollment (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

• Cumulative enrollment (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

• Funded enrollment in center-based child care partner (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

• Number of Children Enrolled Over Time, By Age

– Number of children under 3 years old enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

– Number of 3-year-olds enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

– Number of 4-year-olds enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

• Percent of Children In the State Served

– Percent of children under 3 years old in the state enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

– Percent of 3-year-olds in the state enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

– Percent of 4-year-olds in the state enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

• Percent of Low Income Children In the State Served

– Percent of low-income children under 3 years old in the state enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

– Percent of low-income 3-year-olds in the state enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

– Percent of low-income 4-year-olds in the state enrolled in Head Start each year from 2007 through 2015

Funding

• Total funding (including federal and state supplemental funding) for Head Start (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

– Total federal funding for Head Start (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

– Head Start federal funding (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

– Head Start federal funding for American Indian/Alaska Native programs (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

– State supplemental funding for Head Start (Total, Early Head Start, and Head Start)

• Federal Funding Per Child (2015 Dollars)

– Federal funding per child for Head Start and Early Head Start (together) each year from 2007 through 2012

– Federal funding per child for Early Head Start each year from 2012 through 2015

– Federal funding per child for Head Start each year from 2012 through 2015

– Federal funding per child for Early Head Start and Head Start in 2015 adjusted for state cost of living

– National average federal funding per child in 2015 for Early Head Start and Head Start

Child and Family Characteristics

• Ethnicity: Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start who are:

– Hispanic/Latino

– Non-Hispanic/Non-Latino

• Race: Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start who are:

– American Indian/Alaskan Native

– Asian

– Black or African American

– Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander

– White

– Biracial/Multi-racial

– Other or unspecified races

• Home Language: Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start whose home language is:

– English

– Spanish

– Native Central American, South American, or Mexican

– Caribbean

– Middle Eastern or South Asian

– East Asian

– Native North American or Alaska Native

– Pacific Island

– European or Slavic

– African

– Another or unspecified languages

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• Parent Education: Percent of parents of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start whose highest educational attainment is:

– Bachelor’s degree or higher

– Associates degree, vocational school, or some college

– High school diploma or a GED

– Less than a high school diploma or a GED

• Family Use of Public Assistance: Percent of Head Start and Early Head Start families who receive:

– Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

– Social Security Income (SSI)

– Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

– Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

• Other Child and Family Characteristics: Percent of Children or Families enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start who:

– Meet the Head Start Income Requirements (below 100 percent FPL, homeless, or received public assistance)

– Have an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) or Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)

– Were referred to Head Start by child welfare

– Experienced homelessness

– Are single-parent families

– Have no parents employed

Support Services

• Children Receiving Health Services

– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start who had up-to-date immunizations

– At enrollment to Head Start

– At the end of Head Start enrollment

– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start who had health insurance



– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start who had a medical home



– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start who were up-to-date on age-appropriate preventive and primary health care



– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and

Early Head Start who had a dental home



• Percent of children enrolled in Head Start and Early Head Start receiving transportation

• Families’ Use of Support Services

– Percent of families who used the following support services:

– Parenting education

– Health education

– Emergency or crisis intervention

– Adult education

– Mental health services

• Percent of Head Start and Early Head Start families who used at least one support service

Early Head Start Staff

• Percent of Teachers By Highest Degree in ECE or Related Field

– Percent of Early Head Start Teachers each year from 2007 through 2015 who had the following educational attainment

– Advanced degree in ECE or a related field

– Bachelor’s degree in ECE or a related field

– Associate’s degree in ECE or a related field

– CDA

– No ECE-related credentials

– Education was not reported

• Average Teacher Salary for:

– Early Head Start assistant teachers

– Early Head Start teachers

– Early Head Start teachers with a CDA or no ECE credentials

– Early Head Start teachers with an associate’s degree

– Early Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher

– Difference in salary between public elementary school teachers and Early Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher

– Public elementary school teachers

• Staff characteristics:

– Percent of Early Head Start child development staff who are Hispanic or Latino

– Percent of Early Head Start staff who are current or former Head Start parents

– Percent of Early Head Start child development staff who speak a language other than English

• Staff Turnover

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– Percent of Early Head Start teachers who left their job during the year

– Percent of Early Head Start teachers who left their job during the year for a job in ECE with higher salaries and/or better benefits

– Percent of Early Head Start teacher vacancies that were unfilled for more than 3 months

– Percent of Early Head Start teacher vacancies that were filled through hiring new teachers

– Percent of Early Head Start home visitors who left their job during the year

– Percent of Early Head Start home visitors who left their job during the year for a job in ECE with higher salaries and/or better benefits

– Percent of Early Head Start home visitors vacancies that were unfilled for more than 3 months

– Percent of Early Head Start home visitors vacancies that were filled through hiring new home visitors

• Additional Staff Qualifications

– Assistant teacher degree qualifications: Percent of Early Head Start assistant teachers with the following educational attainment:




– CDA


– Home visitor degree qualifications: Percent of Early Head Start home visitors with the following educational attainment:



– Associated degree in ECE or a related field

– CDA


– ECD management degree qualifications: Percent of Early Head Start ECD managers with the following educational attainment:




– CDA


• Staff Demographic Characteristics

– Staff language proficiency: Percent of Early Head Start child development staff who speak the following languages:

– English

– Spanish


– Caribbean


– East Asian


– Pacific Island


– African

– Another or unspecified language

– Staff race: Percent of Early Head Start child development staff who self-identify as the following races:


– Asian



– White



Type and Duration of Early Head Start Services

• Program Type and Duration

– Enrollment by program type:

– Percent of children enrolled in Early Head Start who are served in the following types of program:

– Center-based

– Home-based

– Combination

– Family care

– Locally-designed

– Percent of Early Head Start enrollment who are pregnant women

– Enrollment in center-based programs by operating schedule: Percent of children enrolled in center-based Early Head Start programs who are in programs with the following operating schedules:

– School-day, 5 days per week (school-day programs operated for more than 6 hours per day)

– School-day, 4 days per week

– Part-day, 5 days per week (part-day programs operate for 6 or fewer hours per day)

– Part-day, 4 days per week

– Number of years enrolled in Early Head Start: Percent of children who have been enrolled in Early Head Start for:

– One year

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– Two years

– Three or more years

• Percent of Children School-Day, 5-Day Per Week Programs

– The percent of children enrolled in Early Head Start who are enrolled in school-day (more than 6 hours), 5-day per week programs each year from 2007 through 2015

• Percent of Children in Child Care Partnerships

– The percent of children enrolled in Early Head Start who are served through partnerships with child care (including center-based programs and family child care)

• Additional Type and Duration Information:

– Child Turnover: Based on a ratio of funded enrollment to cumulative enrollment (State and national average)

– Percent of children enrolled in Early Head Start who received a child care subsidy (State and national average)

– Percent of pregnant women who left Early Head Start before giving birth (State and national average)

Head Start Staff

• Percent of Teachers By Highest Degree in ECE or Related Field

– Percent of Head Start Teachers each year from 2007 through 2015 who had the following educational attainment




– CDA


– Education was not reported

• Average Teacher Salary for:

– Head Start assistant teachers

– Head Start teachers

– Head Start teachers with a CDA or no ECE credentials

– Head Start teachers with an associate’s degree

– Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher

– Difference in salary between public elementary school teachers and Head Start teachers with a bachelor’s degree or higher

– Public elementary school teachers

• Staff characteristics:

– Percent of Head Start child development staff who are Hispanic or Latino

– Percent of Head Start staff who are current or former Head Start parents

– Percent of Head Start child development staff who speak a language other than English

• Staff Turnover

– Percent of Head Start teachers who left their job during the year

– Percent of Head Start teachers who left their job during the year for a job in ECE with higher salaries and/or better benefits

– Percent of Head Start teacher vacancies that were unfilled for over 3 months

– Percent of Head Start teacher vacancies that were filled through hiring new teachers

– Percent of Head Start home visitors who left their job during the year

– Percent of Head Start home visitors who left their job during the year for a job in ECE with higher salaries and/or better benefits

– Percent of Head Start home visitors vacancies that were unfilled for over 3 months

– Percent of Head Start home visitors vacancies that were filled through hiring new home visitors

• Additional Staff Qualifications

– Assistant teacher degree qualifications: Percent of Head Start assistant teachers with the following educational attainment:




– CDA


– Home visitor degree qualifications: Percent of Head Start home visitors with the following educational attainment:




– CDA


– ECD management degree qualifications: Percent of Head Start ECD managers with the following educational attainment:




– CDA


• Staff Demographic Characteristics

– Staff language proficiency: Percent of Head Start child development staff who speak the following

57

languages:

– English

– Spanish


– Caribbean


– East Asian


– Pacific Island


– African

– Another or unspecified language

– Staff race: Percent of Head Start child development staff who self-identify as the following races:


– Asian



– White



Type and Duration of Head Start Services

• Program Type and Duration

– Enrollment by program type: Percent of children enrolled in Head Start who are served in the following types of program:

– Center-based

– Home-based

– Combination

– Family care

– Locally-designed

– Enrollment in center-based programs by operating schedule: Percent of children enrolled in center-based Head Start programs who are in programs with the following operating schedules:

– School-day, 5 days per week (school-day programs operated for more than 6 hours per day)

– School-day, 4 days per week

– Part-day, 5 days per week (part-day programs operate for 6 or fewer hours per day)

– Part-day, 4 days per week

– Number of years enrolled in Head Start: Percent of children who have been enrolled in Head Start (or Early Head Start) for:

– One year

– Two years

– Three or more years

• Percent of Children School-Day, 5 Day Per Week Programs

– The percent of children enrolled in Head Start who are enrolled in school-day (more than 6 hours), 5-day per week programs each year from 2007 through 2015

• Additional Type and Duration Information:

– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start who are in school-day programs (State and national average)

– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start who are in full-working-day, full-calendar-year programs (State and national average)

– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start who are in 5-day per week programs (State and national average)

– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start who received at least 1,020 hours of Head Start per year (State and national average)

– Child Turnover: Based on a ratio of funded enrollment to cumulative enrollment (State and national average)

– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start who received a child care subsidy (State and national average)

– Percent of children enrolled in Head Start who were enrolled in double sessions

58

AA Associate’s of ArtsACF Administration for Children and FamiliesAIAN American Indian and Alaska NativeARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009BA Bachelor’s of ArtsCDA Child Development Associate credentialsCLASS Classroom Assessment Scoring System COL Cost of LivingECD Early Childhood DevelopmentECE Early Childhood EducationEHS Early Head StartEHSRE Early Head Start Research and Evaluation ProjectFACES Family and Child Experiences SurveyFPL Federal Poverty LevelGED General Equivalency DiplomaHHS Department of Health and Human ServicesHS Head StartHSD High School DiplomaHSES Head Start Enterprise SystemHSIS Head Start Impact StudyIEP Individualized Education PlanIFSP Individualized Family Service PlanMIECHV Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home VisitingMSHS Migrant and Seasonal Head StartOHS Office of Head StartPIR Program Information ReportSNAP Supplemental Nutrition Assistance ProgramSSI Supplemental Security IncomeTANF Temporary Assistance for Needy FamiliesWIC Special Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for Women, Infants, and Children

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS

59

State(s) of Head StartSTATE AND TERRITORY PROFILES

60

ALABAMA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview

FEDERALLY FUNDED ENROLLMENT

ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

CLASSROOM QUALITY SCORES

AVERAGE SALARY OF TEACHERS WITH A BA DEGREE

FEDERAL FUNDING PER CHILD

PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME CHILDREN SERVED BY HEAD START

PERCENT OF TEACHERS WITH BA OR HIGHER

PERCENT OF CHILDREN IN SCHOOL-DAY, 5-DAY/WEEK PROGRAMS

NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE

PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME

TOTAL 17,514 6% 10%

Pregnant Women 248 N/A N/A

< 3-Year-Olds 1,820 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 6,411 11% 19%

4-Year-Olds 9,035 15% 27%

FUNDING

Total Federal Funding $133,539,663

Early Head Start Funding $27,608,000

Head Start Funding $105,931,663

2%2%

18%19% 20%27%

National averageAlabama

0

40

20

60

80

100

4-year-olds3-year-olds< 3-year-olds

30%31%

73%

56%


0

40

20

60

80

100

Head StartEarly Head Start


73%

42%

82%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


42% 44%

National averageAlabama (adjusted COL)Alabama

$13,350$14,002

$12,575

$6,858 $7,193$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000


✔ Significantly above threshold ✘ Significantly below threshold

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Classroom OrganizationEmotional SupportInstructional Support

National average Research-based thresholdAlabama

✔

✘

5.75.46.05.8

2.92.5


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000

Public elementary schoolHead StartEarly Head Start

$25,342$29,769 $26,011

$33,387

$47,920$57,092

National average

$7,499 $7,282 $7,517 $7,889$7,313 $7,594

$14,683

$6,906

$15,027

$6,936

$13,682

$7,011

$13,350

$6,858

$14,002

$7,193

$12,575

$8,038

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

2015National average

2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007

Head StartEarly Head StartHead Start and Early Head Start combined

FEDERAL FUNDING PER CHILD (2015 DOLLARS)

ALABAMA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING

NUMBER OF CHILDREN ENROLLED OVER TIME, BY AGE

PERCENT OF LOW-INCOME CHILDREN IN THE STATE SERVED

PERCENT OF CHILDREN IN THE STATE SERVED

TOTAL EARLY HEAD START

HEAD START

Total Funded Enrollment 17,532 2,068 15,464

Federally Funded 17,514 2,068 15,446

State Supplemental 18 0 18

MIECHV Funded 0 0 0

American Indian/ Alaska Native 0 0 0

Cumulative Enrollment 18,559 1,966 16,593

In Center-Based Child Care Partner 68 68 0

TOTAL EARLY HEAD START HEAD START

Total Funding $138,364,563 $27,608,000 $110,756,563

Total Federal Funding $133,539,663 $27,608,000 $105,931,663

Head Start Federal Funding $133,539,663 $27,608,000 $105,931,663

American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start Funding $0 $0 $0

Head Start State Supplemental Funding $4,824,900 $0 $4,824,900

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

4-year-olds3-year-olds< 3-year-olds 4-year-olds3-year-olds< 3-year-olds

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

61

Dental homeUp-to-date on age-appropriatepreventive and primary health

Medical homeHealth insuranceUp-to-dateimmunizations

Mental health servicesAdult educationEmergency/Crisis interventionHealth educationParenting education

14%

69%

At end of enrollmentAt enrollment

96% 98% 96% 97%92% 93%

60%

85% 88%

50%43%

8% 12%7%

91%

ALABAMA Head Start & Early Head Start

CHILD AND FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS

ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES

CHILDREN RECEIVING HEALTH SERVICES

FAMILIES’ USE OF SUPPORT SERVICES

CHILDREN RECEIVING TRANSPORTATION

FAMILIES RECEIVING AT LEAST ONE SUPPORT SERVICE

62

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified

Biracial/Multi-racial

White

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander

Black or African American

Asian

American Indian/Alaska Native

Non-Hispanic/Non-Latino

Hispanic/Latino 10%

90%

1%

0%

67%

0%

22%

5%

5%

92%

8%

0%

0%

0%

Parental unemployment

Single parent family

Child experienced homelessness

Child was referred to Head Startby child welfare

Child has an IEP/IFSP

Meets income requirement

SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED

AA, vocational school, some college

BA or higher 3%

16%

51%

29%

8%

10%

38%

46%

92%

1%

9%

79%

43%

2%

Assistant teacher degree qualifications Home visitor degree qualifications ECD management degree qualifications

■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified

■ Advanced■ BA■ AA■ CDA■ No ECE-related credentials



■ American Indian/Alaska Native■ Asian■ Black or African American■ Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander■ White■ Bi-racial/Multi-racial■ Other/Unspecified

Staff language proficiency Staff race

ALABAMA Early Head Start

EARLY HEAD START STAFF

PERCENT OF TEACHERS BY HIGHEST DEGREE IN ECE OR RELATED FIELD

2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100

BA AA CDA No ECE-related credentials Not reportedAdvanced

Difference$22,578

Public elementaryschool teacher

Teachers with aBA or higher

Teachers with an AA

Teachers with a CDAor no ECE credentials

All teachers

All assistant teachers

Speaks a languageother than English

Current/FormerHead Start parent

Hispanic orLatino

Home visitorvacancies filled

Home visitor vacaniesover 3 months

Home visitor left forbetter compensation

Home visitor left

Teacher vacanciesfilled

Teacher vacanciesover 3 months

Teacher left forbetter compensation

Teacher left

$47,920

$25,342

$21,651

$19,065

$22,466

$19,433

3%

25%

1% 14%

5%

18%

21%

8%

8%

0%

0%

STAFF TURNOVERAVERAGE TEACHER SALARY

ADDITIONAL STAFF QUALIFICATIONS

STAFF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

STAFF CHARACTERISTICS

63

ALABAMA Early Head Start

TYPE AND DURATION OF EARLY HEAD START SERVICES

PROGRAM TYPE AND DURATION

Enrollment by program type Enrollment in center-based programs by operating schedule Number of years enrolled in Early Head Start

■ Center-based■ Home-based■ Combination■ Family care■ Locally-designed■ Pregnant women

■ School-day, 5 days/week■ School-day, 4 days/week■ Part-day, 5 days/week■ Part-day, 4 days/week

■ 1 year■ 2 years■ 3+ years

PERCENT OF CHILDREN IN SCHOOL-DAY, 5-DAY PER WEEK PROGRAMS

PERCENT OF CHILDREN IN CHILD CARE PARTNERSHIPS

ADDITIONAL TYPE AND DURATION INFORMATION

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

58% 57%54% 54%

62% 60%65% 66%

73%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0%

15% 15% 16%8%

13%7%

22%

38%

Child turnover rate Percent of children receiving a child care subsidy

Percent of pregnant women wholeft program before giving birth

0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


6% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


64

ALABAMA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$21,909



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$47,920

$26,011

$19,511

$15,950

$23,417

$17,838

2%

33%

4% 15%

5%

9%

45%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors





■ English ■ Spanish

■ Advanced■ BA■ AA■ CDA■ No ECE-related credentials■ Not reported

No home visitors ■ Advanced■ BA■ AA■ CDA■ No ECE-related credentials



65


ALABAMA Head Start

66

TYPE AND DURATION OF HEAD START SERVICES


Enrollment by program type Enrollment in center-based programs by operating schedule Number of years enrolled in Head Start

■ Center-based■ Home-based■ Combination■ Family care■ Locally-designed




0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

82%89% 89% 92% 89% 88% 90%

85% 82%


84%

49%

Percent of children in school-day programs Percent of children in full-working-day,full-calendar-year programs

Percent of children in 5-day/week programs Percent of children receiving atleast 1,020 hours of Head Start per year

0

25

50

75

100


6% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


98%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


13% 14%

Child turnover rate Percent of children receivinga child care subsidy

Percent of children in double sessions

0

25

50

75

100


4% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


57%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


67

ALASKA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 3,038 6% 14%


< 3-Year-Olds 514 2% 4%

3-Year-Olds 1,055 9% 23%

4-Year-Olds 1,457 14% 34%

FUNDING




2%4%

18%23% 20%

34%

National averageAlaska

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%21%

73%

41%


0

40

20

60

80

100



42% 44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


7%

42%

2%

44%

National averageAlaska (adjusted COL)Alaska

$12,321 $11,991 $12,575$11,297 $10,995

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdAlaska

✔5.75.5

6.05.9

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$37,623$29,769

$36,977$33,387

$66,755$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$9,074$8,504

$10,626 $10,763$10,012 $10,285

$11,035$10,170

$10,831$9,983

$12,478$11,202

$12,321$11,297

$11,991$10,995

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



ALASKA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START

Total Funded Enrollment 3,244 568 2,676

Federally Funded 1,387 184 1,203


MIECHV Funded 0 0 0

American Indian/ Alaska Native 1,651 342 1,309

Cumulative Enrollment 3,819 750 3,069



Total Funding $39,831,211 $2,267,000 $37,564,211



American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start Funding $15,949,032 Not available $15,949,032

Head Start State Supplemental Funding $9,185,100 Not available $9,185,100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

68




34%

45%


75%85% 82% 83% 88% 90%

42%

67% 70%

32%27%

19%6% 5%

76%

ALASKA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





69

Other/Unspecified

Pacific Island

Native North American/Alaska Native

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 6%

94%

61%

4%

3%

2%

19%

10%

1%

89%

2%

2%

1%

2%

4%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

23%

57%

13%

19%

4%

50%

41%

75%

3%

13%

39%

28%

10%


■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaskan Native■ Pacific Island■ Other/Unspecified






ALASKA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$29,132



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$66,755

$37,623

$36,787

$29,451

$32,167

$22,727

14%

41%

1% 14%

0%

50%

100%

24%

0%

42%

33%





70

ALASKA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

13% 10%0%

11%5% 5% 5% 6% 7%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

27%38%



0

25

50

75

100


14%8%

0

25

50

75

100


14% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


71

ALASKA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$29,778



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$66,755

$36,977

$28,959

$26,250

$31,241

$21,466

21%

35%

4% 19%

5%

28%

72%

39%

4%

44%

67%





■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






72


ALASKA Head Start

73








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

4% 4% 2% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2%


4%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


1%7%

0

25

50

75

100


17%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


11%18%

0

25

50

75

100


5%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


74

ARIZONA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 18,197 4% 8%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,722 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 5,685 7% 12%

4-Year-Olds 9,658 11% 19%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%12%

20%19%

National averageArizona

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%40%

73%

45%


0

40

20

60

80

100



23%

42%

3%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageArizona (adjusted COL)Arizona

$13,590 $13,837$12,575

$8,625 $8,781$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdArizona

✔

✘

5.75.76.06.0

2.92.6


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$33,295 $29,769 $31,199 $33,387

$45,406

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$9,047 $8,891 $9,141 $9,369$8,668 $8,991

$13,733

$8,242

$13,430

$8,223

$12,431

$8,717

$13,590

$8,625

$13,837

$8,781

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



ARIZONA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $168,005,709 $35,675,000 $132,330,709




Head Start State Supplemental Funding $0 $0 $0

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

75




12%

65%


93% 96%90% 92% 96% 98%

55%

87% 82%

34%44%

21%12% 9%

91%

ARIZONA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





76

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian

American Indian/AlaskanNative


Hispanic/Latino 60%

40%

21%

1%

5%

2%

65%

4%

2%

59%

38%

1%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

28%

37%

30%

6%

4%

55%

55%

90%

1%

11%

43%

32%

4%


■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaskan Native■ Other/Unspecified






ARIZONA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$12,111



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,406

$33,295

$28,335

$27,274

$30,558

$30,118

48%

21%

50% 15%

3%

3%

63%

18%

11%

0%

93%





77

ARIZONA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

24% 22% 22% 20% 22% 23%19%

24% 23%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

5% 4% 4% 1% 0% 1% 1% 0%3%

42% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


1%8%

0

25

50

75

100


21%

10%

0

25

50

75

100


78

ARIZONA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$14,207



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,406

$31,199

$24,171

$24,372

$28,823

$18,718

56%

41%

44% 16%

2%

37%

57%

11%

0%

29%

86%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






79


ARIZONA Head Start

80








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

6% 5% 4% 5% 4% 5% 5% 5% 3%


6%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


1%7%

0

25

50

75

100


23%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


27%18%

0

25

50

75

100


3%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


81

ARKANSAS Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 10,338 5% 9%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,983 2% 3%

3-Year-Olds 4,258 11% 19%

4-Year-Olds 3,931 10% 18%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%19% 20%18%

National averageArkansas

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

20%

73%

61%


0

40

20

60

80

100



89%

42%

89%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageArkansas (adjusted COL)Arkansas

$12,541

$14,255

$12,575

$6,661$7,572 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdArkansas

✔5.75.76.06.0

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$30,713 $29,769 $31,200 $33,387

$46,400

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$6,894 $6,731 $7,012 $7,208 $7,045 $7,258

$13,066

$6,497

$10,680

$5,904

$12,019

$6,594

$12,541

$6,661

$14,255

$7,572

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



ARKANSAS Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $81,497,122 $26,950,000 $54,547,122





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

82




7%

79%


94% 97% 95% 96% 93% 96%

53%

79% 83%

69%

56%

15%9% 9%

89%

ARKANSAS Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





83

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 15%

85%

1%

0%

42%

0%

41%

7%

9%

89%

10%

0%

1%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

18%

55%

20%

4%

11%

48%

52%

88%

1%

15%

67%

35%

5%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Pacific Island■ Other/Unspecified






ARKANSAS Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$15,687



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$46,400

$30,713

$23,838

$21,502

$22,469

$18,411

8%

26%

8% 12%

0%

22%

83%

22%

0%

0%

50%





84

ARKANSAS Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

95% 95% 92%

80% 84% 87% 88% 91% 89%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

2% 3% 2% 2% 4% 4% 3% 2% 0%

35% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


0%8%

0

25

50

75

100


4% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


85

ARKANSAS Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$15,200



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$46,400

$31,200

$23,538

$20,197

$27,250

$17,150

7%

32%

6% 16%

4%

9%

64%

31%

6%

120%

40%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






86


ARKANSAS Head Start

87








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

86% 89%95%

89% 90% 89%81% 84%

89%


89%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


4% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


98%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


13% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


0%4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


86%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


88

CALIFORNIA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 103,447 4% 8%

Pregnant Women 1,524 N/A N/A

< 3-Year-Olds 18,230 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 40,259 8% 16%

4-Year-Olds 43,434 9% 18%

FUNDING

Total Federal Funding $1,043,895,938



2%3%

18%16%20%18%

National averageCalifornia

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%36%

73%65%


0

40

20

60

80

100



25%

42%

20%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageCalifornia (adjusted COL)California

$13,129

$11,222$12,575

$9,392$8,028 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdCalifornia

✔✔

✘

5.75.76.06.1

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$35,558$29,769

$35,307 $33,387

$72,535

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$9,738 $9,443 $9,713 $9,913$9,201 $9,529

$12,125

$9,144

$11,917

$9,045

$12,376

$9,361

$13,129

$9,392

$11,222

$8,028

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



CALIFORNIA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0



In Center-Based Child Care Partner 1,938 477 1,461


Total Funding $1,043,895,938 $257,829,000 $786,066,938

Total Federal Funding $1,043,895,938 $257,829,000 $786,066,938

Head Start Federal Funding $1,037,138,945 $257,829,000 $779,309,945



201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

30,000

60,000

90,000

120,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

89




3%

80%


96% 98% 96% 99% 95% 97%

49%

84% 86%

58%48%

14% 15%9%

93%

CALIFORNIA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





90

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 74%

26%

7%

5%

9%

1%

52%

6%

20%

48%

47%

1%

1%

3%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

24%

35%

36%

25%

4%

74%

46%

88%

1%

11%

44%

31%

3%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






CALIFORNIA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$36,977



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$72,535

$35,558

$32,259

$28,709

$33,013

$22,939

64%

16%

61% 13%

4%

13%

60%

16%

5%

15%

70%





91

CALIFORNIA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

31% 30% 31% 29% 30% 28% 27% 26% 25%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

17% 16% 14%8% 10% 9% 9% 7% 9%

44%38%



0

25

50

75

100


8% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


9% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


92

CALIFORNIA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$37,228



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$72,535

$35,307

$30,778

$26,960

$34,698

$23,419

63%

23%

58% 16%

5%

14%

44%

11%

4%

30%

53%











93


CALIFORNIA Head Start

94








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

24% 23% 24% 26% 23% 21% 20% 19% 20%


21%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


56%65%

0

25

50

75

100


18% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


4% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


29%18%

0

25

50

75

100


21%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


95

COLORADO Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 11,136 3% 8%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,663 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 4,157 6% 13%

4-Year-Olds 5,166 8% 18%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%13%

20%18%

National averageColorado

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%22%

73%63%


0

40

20

60

80

100



31%

42%

11%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageColorado (adjusted COL)Colorado

$12,603 $12,532 $12,575

$7,271 $7,230$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdColorado

✔ ✔5.75.96.06.2

2.93.1


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$32,970 $29,769$36,173 $33,387

$49,828$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,014 $7,739 $7,957 $8,274$7,443 $7,940

$12,178

$7,324

$12,066

$7,057

$11,824

$7,412

$12,603

$7,271

$12,532

$7,230

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



COLORADO Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $90,137,162 $22,345,000 $67,792,162





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

96




23%

62%


92% 96% 95% 96%91%

97%

48%

85%77%

37%45%

19%8% 9%

91%

COLORADO Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





97

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 64%

36%

3%

1%

8%

0%

73%

8%

7%

67%

30%

1%

1%

1%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

30%

37%

27%

12%

7%

44%

50%

88%

2%

13%

46%

27%

8%








COLORADO Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$16,858



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$49,828

$32,970

$31,442

$26,473

$28,589

$21,521

29%

16%

40% 33%

7%

0%

76%

27%

1%

11%

89%





98

COLORADO Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

46% 43% 45%38% 35% 33% 33% 36%

31%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

26% 24%

14%21% 23% 20% 20% 18% 17%

62%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


13%8%

0

25

50

75

100


17%10%

0

25

50

75

100


99

COLORADO Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$13,655



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$49,828

$36,173

$24,601

$23,163

$32,949

$19,570

32%

28%

38% 21%

4%

11%

82%

47%

0%

44%

89%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






100


COLORADO Head Start

101








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

13% 13% 13% 13% 13% 14% 12% 12% 11%


21%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


4% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


13%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


21%14%



0

25

50

75

100


3% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


44%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


15%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


102

CONNECTICUT Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 6,198 3% 9%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,143 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 2,317 6% 17%

4-Year-Olds 2,669 7% 19%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%17% 20%19%

National averageConnecticut

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%35%

73%65%


0

40

20

60

80

100



42% 42%

62%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageConnecticut (adjusted COL)Connecticut

$13,231$11,702

$12,575

$9,737$8,611 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdConnecticut

✔

✘

5.75.76.06.1

2.93.0


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$32,150 $29,769$38,179

$33,387

$71,709

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,446 $8,203 $9,312$9,305 $8,786 $8,942

$12,192

$8,551

$12,603

$8,777

$14,001

$9,716

$13,231

$9,737

$11,702

$8,611

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



CONNECTICUT Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 52 52 0





Total Funding $70,327,648 $16,036,000 $54,291,648





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

103




11%

83%


96% 99% 97% 98% 97% 99%

71%

94%84%

58% 59%

31%

10% 8%

94%

CONNECTICUT Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





104

Other/Unspecified

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Carribean

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 52%

48%

0%

2%

27%

0%

41%

14%

16%

67%

27%

1%

2%

1%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

19%

48%

27%

16%

6%

55%

59%

85%

4%

12%

63%

33%

6%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ Middle Eastern■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






CONNECTICUT Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$39,559



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$71,709

$32,150

$27,596

$24,955

$28,988

$21,962

41%

18%

41% 10%

2%

20%

0%

20%

13%

0%

75%





105

CONNECTICUT Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

46% 48% 49%41% 42% 42%

38% 39% 42%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

5% 8%1% 3% 6% 3% 3% 3%

9%

21%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


10% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


8% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


106

CONNECTICUT Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$33,530



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$71,709

$38,179

$30,349

$29,925

$35,342

$23,304

33%

22%

30% 22%

4%

9%

75%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover





■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ Middle Eastern■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






107


CONNECTICUT Head Start

108








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

52% 53% 54% 54% 56%47%

39%

49%

62%


62%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


31%

7%

0

25

50

75

100


94%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


6% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


4%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


49%42%

0

25

50

75

100


109

DELAWARE Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 2,009 4% 8%


< 3-Year-Olds 340 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 759 7% 16%

4-Year-Olds 889 8% 19%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%16% 20%19%

National averageDelaware

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%37%

73%

87%


0

40

20

60

80

100



37%42%

12%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageDelaware (adjusted COL)Delaware

$13,227$12,439 $12,575

$6,997 $6,580$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdDelaware

✔

✘

5.75.86.06.1

2.93.1


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$34,515$29,769

$23,027

$33,387

$59,195 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,360 $7,149

$8,707 $8,897$8,236 $8,483

$14,056

$7,476

$13,859

$6,885

$12,833

$7,382

$13,227

$6,997

$12,439

$6,580

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



DELAWARE Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $22,291,571 $4,775,000 $17,516,571





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

110




29%

85%


90%97% 95% 99% 98% 96%

87%95%

80%

74%

43%

24%29%

11%

90%

DELAWARE Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





111

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 38%

62%

0%

2%

47%

0%

10%

9%

32%

69%

29%

1%

1%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 4%

26%

34%

36%

13%

8%

70%

77%

92%

1%

11%

63%

38%

4%








DELAWARE Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$24,680



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$59,195

$34,515

$28,888

$25,215

$29,344

$21,533

16%

16%

16% 11%

0%

25%

100%

0%

0%

0%

0%





112

DELAWARE Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

64%59%

64%

48% 48%

37% 37% 40% 37%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

73%

60%

37%28%

0%

37% 37% 40% 39%

38% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


35%

8%

0

25

50

75

100


6% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


113

DELAWARE Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$36,168



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$59,195

$23,027

$21,591

None

$22,275

$11,912

26%

32%

18% 21%

2%

0%

100%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors





■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified





114


115








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

15% 15% 15%10% 8% 5% 5% 6%

12%


12%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


100%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


14% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


11%4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


8%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


DELAWARE Head Start

116

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 3,306 8% 18%


< 3-Year-Olds 866 3% 8%

3-Year-Olds 1,286 15% 34%

4-Year-Olds 1,056 14% 31%

FUNDING




2%8%

18%

34%

20%

31%

National averageDistrict of Columbia

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

64%73%

99%


0

40

20

60

80

100



56%

42%

100%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageDistrict of Columbia (adjusted COL)District of Columbia

$11,112

$8,325**

$12,575

$7,351

$5,507**

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdDistrict of Columbia*

✘

5.75.86.06.0

2.92.7


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$44,668

$29,769

$85,819

$33,387

$75,490

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

*Scores for only one grantee were available. It cannot be determined if DC scored significantly above/below the threshold.

**The cost of living adjustment for DC is exceptionally large and may overestimate the necessary adjustment for Head Start.

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,497 $8,205 $8,436 $8,575 $8,261 $8,742

$15,994

$6,897

$15,808

$6,707

$12,556

$7,731

$11,112

$7,351$8,325

$5,507

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL*

201520142013201220112010200920082007



DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $27,928,766 $10,712,000 $17,216,766





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

117

**The cost of living adjustment for DC is exceptionally large and may overestimate the necessary adjustment for Head Start.




100%

56%


79%91%

68%

89%

50%

92%

57%

86%

32%

11%

23%

6% 4% 2%

75%

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





118

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 21%

79%

1%

1%

70%

0%

16%

4%

8%

71%

18%

0%

1%

1%

8%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher Data not available

Data not available

Data not available

Data not available

36%

6%

30%

62%

49%

1%

12%

52%

37%

9%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ East Asian■ Pacific Island■ Other/Unspecified






DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$30,822



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$75,490

$44,668

$34,828

$33,161

$43,380

$35,461

41%

7%

31% 16%

4%

0%

55%

13%

4%

33%

67%





119

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

57% 55%

74%

47%

37%32%

38%

75%

56%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

18%

4%0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

51%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


14%8%

0

25

50

75

100


3%10%

0

25

50

75

100


120

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference-$10,329



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$75,490

$85,819

$48,000

$40,000

$73,265

$28,847

44%

8%

7% 9%

1%

10%

48%

100%

0%

0%

0%











121


DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Head Start

122








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

71%

90% 90%

70%74%

94%86%

98% 100%


100%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


3% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


100%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


1%

14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


20%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


123

FLORIDA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 39,668 4% 7%


< 3-Year-Olds 6,724 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 13,750 6% 12%

4-Year-Olds 18,603 9% 16%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%12%

20%16%

National averageFlorida

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

12%

73%71%


0

40

20

60

80

100



72%

42%

86%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageFlorida (adjusted COL)Florida

$12,649 $13,064 $12,575

$7,810 $8,066 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdFlorida

✔

✘

5.75.66.05.8

2.92.7


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$29,003 $29,769$37,402 $33,387

$48,992$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,546 $8,266 $8,501 $8,897$8,185 $8,539

$12,495

$7,921

$12,168

$7,538

$12,224

$7,947

$12,649

$7,810

$13,064

$8,066

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



FLORIDA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 8 8 0





Total Funding $345,209,973 $92,530,000 $252,679,973





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

124




9%

77%


97% 98% 94% 96% 96% 96%

62%

84%78%

60%52%

16% 21%10%

89%

FLORIDA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





125

Other/Unspecified

Caribbean

Mexican and South & Central American

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 35%

65%

0%

1%

50%

0%

34%

5%

10%

69%

24%

2%

4%

1% Parental unemployment






SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

18%

42%

34%

7%

10%

46%

58%

95%

1%

11%

66%

35%

3%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






FLORIDA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$19,989



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$48,992

$29,003

$24,390

$22,538

$23,837

$19,528

27%

19%

28% 13%

3%

7%

65%

30%

13%

0%

90%





126

FLORIDA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

86% 85%80%

69%63% 63% 66% 64%

72%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

11% 11% 8%16%

12% 12% 10% 11%17%

36% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


10% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


127

FLORIDA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$11,590



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$48,992

$37,402

$24,979

$20,195

$33,014

$20,660

29%

19%

27% 16%

3%

4%

67%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover





■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






128


FLORIDA Head Start

129








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

93% 93% 95% 93% 91% 91%86%

82%86%


86%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


11% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


95%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


13% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


10% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


90%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


130

GEORGIA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 25,205 4% 7%


< 3-Year-Olds 3,819 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 11,894 9% 16%

4-Year-Olds 9,253 7% 13%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%16%20%

13%

National averageGeorgia

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%30%

73%78%


0

40

20

60

80

100



87%

42%

99%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageGeorgia (adjusted COL)Georgia

$12,878 $12,413 $12,575

$7,813 $7,531 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdGeorgia

✔

✘

5.75.56.05.8

2.92.6


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$29,920 $29,769 $30,339 $33,387

$52,906$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,280 $8,022 $8,248 $8,640$7,975 $8,256

$12,588

$7,725

$12,497

$7,593

$13,179

$7,891

$12,878

$7,813

$12,413

$7,531

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



GEORGIA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START









Total Funding $217,487,366 $52,259,000 $165,228,366





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

131




21%

67%


99% 99%95% 97%

88%98%

45%

90%84%

51% 48%

8% 12%4%

95%

GEORGIA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





132

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 17%

83%

0%

1%

68%

0%

21%

4%

6%

88%

11%

0%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 4%

18%

48%

28%

3%

7%

43%

58%

93%

1%

9%

76%

40%

2%








GEORGIA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$22,986



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$52,906

$29,920

$22,499

$18,953

$24,528

$18,592

5%

13%

4% 10%

4%

12%

70%

24%

0%

25%

50%





133

GEORGIA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

96% 96%91%

81% 81% 82%88% 87% 87%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

10% 12%7%

11% 9% 10% 9% 6% 5%

23%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


6% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


134

GEORGIA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$22,567



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$52,906

$30,339

$22,661

$19,933

$28,297

$17,608

5%

21%

5% 17%

9%

14%

66%

100%

0%

0%

100%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Other/Unspecified






135


GEORGIA Head Start

136








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

86% 86% 89%93% 90% 93% 92% 94%

99%


99%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


3%7%

0

25

50

75

100


100%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


14% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


0%4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


94%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


137

HAWAII Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 3,217 3% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 543 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 938 5% 14%

4-Year-Olds 1,686 10% 29%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%14%

20%29%

National averageHawaii

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%33%

73%

56%


0

40

20

60

80

100



19%

42%

22%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageHawaii (adjusted COL)Hawaii

$12,201 $12,102 $12,575

$7,631 $7,570 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdHawaii

✔ ✔5.76.06.06.1

2.93.1


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$33,656$29,769

$40,277$33,387

$57,189 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,644 $8,347 $8,582 $8,738 $8,281 $8,384

$11,677

$7,776

$11,472

$7,413

$11,802

$7,757

$12,201

$7,631

$12,102

$7,570

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



HAWAII Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $27,259,782 $7,235,000 $20,024,782





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

138




45%

91%


95% 96% 100% 100% 99% 99%

80%86% 89%

79%

50%

15%8% 4%

89%

HAWAII Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





139

Other/Unspecified

Pacific Island

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 15%

85%

1%

18%

3%

45%

12%

18%

3%

81%

2%

6%

11%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 16%

17%

46%

21%

20%

3%

45%

52%

84%

2%

10%

39%

29%

6%


■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Pacific Island■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






HAWAII Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$23,533



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,189

$33,656

$32,769

$29,002

$32,805

$25,631

16%

19%

8% 15%

5%

0%

83%

31%

0%

0%

75%





140

HAWAII Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

26% 27% 27% 25% 23% 21% 20% 20% 19%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

49%38%



0

25

50

75

100


5% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


6% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


141

HAWAII Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$16,912



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,189

$40,277

$36,846

$34,008

$38,144

$25,893

16%

44%

4% 17%

2%

14%

86%

7%

0%

0%

100%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ Pacific Island■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






142


HAWAII Head Start

143








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

42% 44%40% 37% 34%

24% 24%20% 22%


22%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


92%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


17% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


7% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


4%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


54%42%

0

25

50

75

100


144

IDAHO Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 3,369 3% 5%


< 3-Year-Olds 638 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 777 3% 6%

4-Year-Olds 1,866 8% 15%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%

6%

20%15%

National averageIdaho

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

12%

73%

57%


0

40

20

60

80

100



0%

42%

1%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageIdaho (adjusted COL)Idaho

$11,866

$13,636$12,575

$8,549$9,825

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdIdaho

✔

✔

5.75.66.05.9

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$25,935 $29,769$23,952

$33,387

$45,218

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,927 $8,739$9,675 $9,502 $9,110 $9,519

$13,687

$8,703

$13,227

$8,886

$10,770

$8,803

$11,866

$8,549

$13,636

$9,825

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



IDAHO Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START









Total Funding $31,345,930 $7,250,000 $24,095,930





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

145




37%

75%


94% 97% 97% 98%92%

97%

53%

88%

75%

59% 59%

27%20% 19%

89%

IDAHO Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





146

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 42%

58%

8%

1%

1%

1%

79%

5%

5%

70%

26%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 7%

25%

42%

26%

5%

8%

55%

56%

87%

4%

14%

41%

28%

11%


■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Pacific Island■ Other/Unspecified

No assistant teachers ■ Advanced■ BA■ AA■ CDA■ No ECE-related credentials




IDAHO Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$19,283



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,218

$25,935

$24,220

$21,503

$23,875

No assistant teachers

18%

37%

20% 20%

2%

0%

100%

21%

6%

9%

64%





147

IDAHO Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

2% 2%

13%

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

3% 3%0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

42% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


0%8%

0

25

50

75

100


15%10%

0

25

50

75

100


148

IDAHO Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$21,266



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,218

$23,952

$21,146

$15,573

$22,639

$14,182

21%

30%

22% 18%

3%

4%

58%

20%

0%

0%

100%











149


IDAHO Head Start

150








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

3% 3% 3% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%


2%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


1%7%

0

25

50

75

100


9%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


15% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


2%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


1%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


151

ILLINOIS Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 41,188 5% 12%


< 3-Year-Olds 6,391 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 16,145 10% 23%

4-Year-Olds 18,126 11% 25%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%23% 20%

25%

National averageIllinois

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%31%

73%

84%


0

40

20

60

80

100



48%42%

34%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageIllinois (adjusted COL)Illinois

$10,860$9,992

$12,575

$7,577$6,970

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdIllinois

✔ ✔5.75.86.06.1

2.93.0


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$33,290$29,769

$39,716$33,387

$61,083$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,866 $7,616 $7,850 $8,088 $7,633 $7,880

$10,232

$7,563

$10,625

$7,222

$10,507

$7,617

$10,860

$7,577

$9,992

$6,970

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



ILLINOIS Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $334,780,363 $75,122,000 $259,658,363





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

152




28%

76%


90%95%

89%97%

91%96%

77% 80% 75%

50%

30%

15%26%

12%

91%

ILLINOIS Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





153

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 31%

69%

1%

2%

42%

0%

31%

8%

16%

72%

24%

1%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 4%

26%

36%

34%

12%

6%

50%

47%

90%

1%

11%

66%

37%

5%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






ILLINOIS Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$27,793



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$61,083

$33,290

$26,677

$23,482

$28,652

$24,385

21%

21%

26% 11%

4%

17%

75%

21%

4%

18%

83%





154

ILLINOIS Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

41% 41% 43%38% 37% 36% 37% 37%

48%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

20% 19% 21% 17% 15% 12%8% 9%

17%

41% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


31%

8%

0

25

50

75

100


10% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


155

ILLINOIS Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$21,367



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$61,083

$39,716

$24,030

$20,910

$37,571

$22,491

23%

22%

23% 16%

7%

10%

53%

21%

7%

28%

69%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ MIddle Eastern■ East Asian■ Other/Unspecified






156


ILLINOIS Head Start

157








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

40% 41% 41%35%

31% 31% 31% 30%34%


35%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


21%

7%

0

25

50

75

100


59%65%

0

25

50

75

100


16% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


14%4%

0

25

50

75

100


50%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


26%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


158

INDIANA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 15,310 4% 7%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,089 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 5,525 7% 13%

4-Year-Olds 7,473 9% 17%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%13%

20%17%

National averageIndiana

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%28%

73%

62%


0

40

20

60

80

100



24%

42%

4%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageIndiana (adjusted COL)Indiana

$12,910$14,142

$12,575

$7,115$7,794 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdIndiana

✔ ✔5.75.76.06.0

2.93.1


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$29,494 $29,769 $27,166$33,387

$50,877$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,794 $7,539 $7,776 $8,049$7,411 $7,753

$12,775

$7,033

$12,343

$6,887

$11,167

$7,056

$12,910

$7,115

$14,142

$7,794

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



INDIANA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $122,333,306 $29,849,000 $92,484,306





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

159




33%

74%


90%95% 95% 97% 94% 98%

51%

85% 81%

53% 51%

22%13%

28%

91%

INDIANA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





160

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 17%

83%

1%

1%

23%

1%

59%

10%

5%

88%

10%

0%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

25%

46%

24%

5%

10%

54%

60%

89%

3%

14%

63%

38%

6%








INDIANA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$21,383



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,877

$29,494

$24,601

$23,636

$26,468

$15,824

7%

16%

5% 26%

6%

17%

71%

26%

4%

3%

76%





161

INDIANA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

24% 25% 25% 24%29% 30%

23% 21% 24%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

4% 4% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

60%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


10% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


162

INDIANA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$23,711



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,877

$27,166

$22,820

$14,876

$25,671

$16,161

8%

22%

6% 21%

4%

19%

76%

35%

14%

15%

54%











163


INDIANA Head Start

164








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

17% 17% 18% 18% 19% 18%9%

5% 4%


15%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2%7%

0

25

50

75

100


14%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


20%14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


43%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


5%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


165

IOWA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 7,756 4% 9%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,415 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 2,805 7% 18%

4-Year-Olds 3,402 9% 18%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%18% 20%18%

National averageIowa

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%32%

73%

88%


0

40

20

60

80

100



25%

42%34%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageIowa (adjusted COL)Iowa

$10,673$11,976

$12,575

$7,427$8,334 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdIowa

✔ ✔

✘

5.75.76.06.0

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$32,686 $29,769 $31,962 $33,387

$53,524 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,700 $7,467 $7,677 $7,925 $7,411 $7,608

$9,986

$7,109

$10,023

$7,311

$10,286

$7,431

$10,673

$7,427

$11,976

$8,334

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



IOWA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START









Total Funding $62,633,672 $16,533,000 $46,100,672





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

166




11%

77%


95% 97% 94% 97% 93%98%

67%

90%84%

66%

54%

35%

14% 11%

94%

IOWA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





167

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 20%

80%

2%

3%

16%

0%

64%

11%

4%

83%

12%

1%

2%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

25%

46%

21%

23%

8%

56%

63%

85%

2%

12%

56%

31%

7%








IOWA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$20,838



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$53,524

$32,686

$27,436

$25,214

$28,624

$14,409

9%

16%

5% 19%

5%

5%

65%

29%

10%

17%

90%





168

IOWA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

33% 33% 33%28% 28% 31% 29% 27% 25%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

34%38%



0

25

50

75

100


7% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


8% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


169

IOWA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$21,562



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$53,524

$31,962

$24,073

$26,204

$30,210

$19,283

7%

22%

4% 19%

5%

5%

78%

15%

0%

0%

100%





■ English ■ Spanish■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






170


IOWA Head Start

171








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

42% 40%45% 46%

34% 32% 32%39%

34%


45% 49%



0

25

50

75

100


6% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


45%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


21% 18%

0

25

50

75

100


20%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


172

KANSAS Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 8,444 4% 9%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,933 2% 3%

3-Year-Olds 3,047 8% 16%

4-Year-Olds 3,269 8% 16%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%16%20%16%

National averageKansas

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%25%

73%77%


0

40

20

60

80

100



23%

42%

15%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageKansas (adjusted COL)Kansas

$7,693$8,462

$12,575

$7,535$8,289 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdKansas

✔ ✔5.75.96.06.1

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$32,658 $29,769$34,682 $33,387

$48,990$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,171 $6,804 $7,120 $7,305 $6,887 $7,271$7,945

$7,092$7,715 $7,209 $6,941 $7,255 $7,693 $7,535

$8,462 $8,289

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



KANSAS Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START









Total Funding $63,763,428 $16,170,000 $47,593,428



American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start Funding $817,721 Not available $817,721


201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

173




24%

85%


92% 95% 94% 96% 97% 98%

58%

80% 84%

65%71%

28%

12% 14%

89%

KANSAS Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





174

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 32%

68%

2%

1%

19%

0%

54%

11%

13%

78%

19%

1%

1%

0%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

32%

37%

25%

9%

8%

51%

45%

87%

3%

17%

57%

27%

7%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaskan Native■ Other/Unspecified






KANSAS Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$16,332



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$48,990

$32,658

$23,594

$21,378

$25,481

$22,774

15%

15%

15% 20%

1%

11%

69%

21%

2%

11%

46%





175

KANSAS Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

21%26%

21%26% 25% 26% 25% 25% 23%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

39% 41%

21% 20% 16%22% 19% 19%

14%

50%38%



0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


176

KANSAS Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$14,308



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$48,990

$34,682

$22,870

$30,713

$34,200

$16,307

13%

18%

13% 26%

3%

2%

58%

22%

0%

0%

88%











177


KANSAS Head Start

178








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

19% 20% 21% 20% 22% 19% 18%12% 15%


18%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


6% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


35%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


15% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


62%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


11%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


179

KENTUCKY Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 16,961 6% 12%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,300 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 6,703 12% 22%

4-Year-Olds 7,813 14% 27%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%22% 20%27%

National averageKentucky

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%23%

73%68%


0

40

20

60

80

100



48%42%

20%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageKentucky (adjusted COL)Kentucky

$13,069$13,981

$12,575

$7,177 $7,678 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdKentucky

✔

✔

✔5.75.96.06.1

2.93.3


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$28,188 $29,769$33,799 $33,387

$50,992$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,728 $7,482 $7,725 $8,035 $7,495 $7,736

$12,345

$7,148

$12,021

$6,998

$12,957

$7,503

$13,069

$7,177

$13,981

$7,678

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



KENTUCKY Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $136,136,497 $31,953,000 $104,183,497





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

180




56%

77%


97% 98% 97% 98%92% 96%

52%

88%81%

64%57%

23%

9%5%

93%

KENTUCKY Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





181

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 9%

91%

0%

1%

16%

0%

69%

9%

5%

93%

6%

0%

0%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

28%

49%

17%

18%

10%

49%

61%

89%

2%

15%

56%

41%

4%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






KENTUCKY Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$22,804



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,992

$28,188

$23,116

$21,104

$23,871

$13,656

4%

27%

3% 12%

1%

8%

75%

13%

1%

0%

89%





182

KENTUCKY Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

60% 60% 57%

41%49%

44% 41% 40%48%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

14% 17% 13% 12%6% 5%

8% 7% 7%

40% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


9% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


8% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


183

KENTUCKY Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$17,193



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,992

$33,799

$21,491

$22,354

$29,714

$15,619

2%

37%

2% 14%

4%

7%

83%

17%

3%

0%

83%











184


KENTUCKY Head Start

185








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

27% 27% 27%23% 26% 28% 29%

22% 20%


57%49%



0

25

50

75

100


2%7%

0

25

50

75

100


27%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


14% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


22% 18%

0

25

50

75

100


8%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


186

LOUISIANA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 21,655 7% 13%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,424 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 11,701 19% 35%

4-Year-Olds 7,350 12% 23%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%

35%

20%23%

National averageLouisiana

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

16%

73%66%


0

40

20

60

80

100



90%

42%

74%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageLouisiana (adjusted COL)Louisiana

$13,664 $14,119$12,575

$7,198 $7,438 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdLouisiana

✔

✔

✘

5.75.56.05.8

2.92.6


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$28,956 $29,769 $30,752 $33,387

$47,886$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,782 $7,490 $7,822 $8,078 $7,624 $7,952

$13,432

$7,430

$13,576

$7,604

$12,764

$7,211

$13,664

$7,198

$14,119

$7,438

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



LOUISIANA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $172,715,999 $35,580,000 $137,135,999





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

187




44%

63%


96% 97% 97% 99%95% 97%

77%

92%87%

43%37%

8% 11% 11%

94%

LOUISIANA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





188

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 4%

96%

1%

0%

80%

0%

14%

3%

2%

96%

3%

0%

1%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

19%

51%

25%

4%

10%

41%

58%

92%

1%

9%

80%

34%

3%








LOUISIANA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$18,930



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$47,886

$28,956

$25,210

$22,004

$23,894

$19,807

4%

31%

3% 9%

3%

5%

43%

27%

0%

33%

33%





189

LOUISIANA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

82% 84% 86%79% 80% 80% 80%

87% 90%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

3% 2% 3% 3%7% 8% 7% 7%

19%

18%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


1%8%

0

25

50

75

100


2%10%

0

25

50

75

100


190

LOUISIANA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$17,134



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$47,886

$30,752

$24,708

$22,563

$28,009

$16,835

2%

44%

8% 11%

5%

6%

84%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover











191


LOUISIANA Head Start

192








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

75% 77% 77% 77% 78%72% 74% 74% 74%


75%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


12%7%

0

25

50

75

100


99%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


65%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


193

MAINE Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 3,274 5% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 746 2% 4%

3-Year-Olds 1,051 8% 14%

4-Year-Olds 1,427 11% 25%

FUNDING




2%4%

18%14%

20%25%

National averageMaine

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

45%

73%76%


0

40

20

60

80

100



29%

42%

10%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageMaine (adjusted COL)Maine

$13,989

$15,777

$12,575

$9,472$10,684

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdMaine

✔✔

✘

5.75.76.06.2

2.93.2


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$30,707 $29,769 $26,455$33,387

$50,017$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,214 $8,038

$9,737 $9,910 $9,420 $9,772

$12,248

$9,118

$12,172

$9,863

$13,164

$9,411

$13,989

$9,472

$15,777

$10,684

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



MAINE Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $37,120,119 $11,135,000 $25,985,119



American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start Funding $756,007 $0 $756,007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

194




11%

93%


85%96% 93% 97% 93%

98%

42%

74%

59%

81%86%

25%14%

21%

76%

MAINE Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





195

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 3%

97%

2%

1%

7%

0%

82%

8%

0%

92%

0%

2%

2%

4%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 8%

33%

45%

14%

25%

10%

64%

65%

83%

3%

20%

48%

45%

12%








MAINE Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$19,310



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,017

$30,707

$28,899

$26,890

$29,724

$20,875

2%

22%

1% 22%

2%

14%

50%

9%

0%

0%

75%





196

MAINE Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

34% 31% 34%29% 27% 30%

24%20%

29%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

6% 7%12%

4% 6% 4% 1% 1% 1%

51%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


20%

8%

0

25

50

75

100


6% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


197

MAINE Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$23,562



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,017

$26,455

$25,300

$25,331

$25,378

$17,912

2%

26%

1% 15%

5%

13%

60%

7%

0%

0%

100%











198


MAINE Head Start

199








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

17% 17% 17% 14% 14% 15%11% 11% 10%


12%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


10% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


18%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


13% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


14%4%

0

25

50

75

100


13% 18%

0

25

50

75

100


17%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


200

MARYLAND Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 10,426 3% 8%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,421 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 4,605 6% 19%

4-Year-Olds 4,256 6% 16%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%19% 20%16%

National averageMaryland

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%32%

73%81%


0

40

20

60

80

100



16%

42%47% 44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageMaryland (adjusted COL)Maryland

$13,807

$12,020 $12,575

$8,241$7,174

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdMaryland

✔

✔

✘

5.75.56.05.8

2.92.7


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$31,753 $29,769

$44,500

$33,387

$64,952$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,685 $8,387 $8,639 $8,919$8,370 $8,574

$13,313

$7,936

$13,193

$7,678

$13,051

$8,376

$13,807

$8,241

$12,020

$7,174

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



MARYLAND Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $96,431,931 $21,608,000 $74,823,931





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

201




34%

84%


96% 98% 97% 99% 98% 100%95% 93%

86%

68%

47%

21%11% 9%

96%

MARYLAND Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





202

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 18%

82%

2%

1%

58%

0%

24%

10%

5%

80%

16%

1%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 7%

26%

42%

25%

15%

8%

64%

65%

91%

2%

11%

67%

38%

5%








MARYLAND Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$33,199



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$64,952

$31,753

$29,296

$22,719

$27,899

$20,626

25%

13%

22% 13%

3%

11%

79%

20%

7%

0%

100%





203

MARYLAND Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

32% 32% 30%34%

29% 28% 28% 29%

16%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

4% 6%13%

7%3% 4% 3% 5% 2%

50%38%



0

25

50

75

100


1%8%

0

25

50

75

100


13% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


204

MARYLAND Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$20,452



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$64,952

$44,500

$25,112

$16,006

$42,398

$20,808

11%

24%

6% 14%

4%

3%

74%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover





■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






205


MARYLAND Head Start

206








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

55% 58%

47%51%

47% 44%

26%

36%

47%


48% 49%



0

25

50

75

100


20%

7%

0

25

50

75

100


81%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


17% 18%

0

25

50

75

100


51%42%

0

25

50

75

100


207

MASSACHUSETTS Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 12,422 3% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,670 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 5,339 7% 22%

4-Year-Olds 5,280 7% 23%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%22% 20%23%

National averageMassachusetts

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%32%

73%

62%


0

40

20

60

80

100



38%42%

27%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageMassachusetts (adjusted COL)Massachusetts

$15,066

$13,264$12,575

$9,730$8,567 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdMassachusetts

✔ ✔

✔✘

5.75.86.06.1

2.93.0


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$32,794 $29,769 $28,788$33,387

$75,398

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$9,743 $9,456 $9,998 $10,170$9,445 $9,827

$12,419

$9,489

$12,634

$10,208

$13,130

$9,907

$15,066

$9,730

$13,264

$8,567

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



MASSACHUSETTS Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START









Total Funding $139,575,571 $27,133,000 $112,442,571





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

208




28%

79%


96% 97% 98% 99% 97% 99%

86% 83% 79%

60%55%

22%

9% 12%

90%

MASSACHUSETTS Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





209

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Caribbean

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 43%

57%

2%

5%

19%

0%

36%

11%

27%

56%

27%

3%

3%

4%

1%

4%

2%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 8%

26%

40%

26%

27%

13%

70%

63%

88%

6%

13%

64%

39%

12%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean ■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






MASSACHUSETTS Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$42,604



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$75,398

$32,794

$29,370

$27,359

$30,300

$25,291

44%

16%

33% 15%

3%

59%

83%

16%

3%

25%

50%





210

MASSACHUSETTS Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

51%56%

50%43%

37% 36% 34% 34%38%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

10%4% 4% 7% 7% 4% 5% 4% 3%

64%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


28%

8%

0

25

50

75

100


7% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


211

MASSACHUSETTS Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$46,610



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$75,398

$28,788

$26,819

$22,456

$28,132

$21,105

32%

26%

30% 14%

6%

19%

70%

19%

0%

0%

67%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






212


MASSACHUSETTS Head Start

213








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

29%34% 31%

36%30% 31%

25% 27% 27%


28%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


20%

7%

0

25

50

75

100


92%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


18% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


30%

4%

0

25

50

75

100


1%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


15%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


214

MICHIGAN Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 33,261 6% 11%


< 3-Year-Olds 5,493 2% 3%

3-Year-Olds 12,890 11% 22%

4-Year-Olds 14,413 12% 26%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%22% 20%26%

National averageMichigan

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

41%

73%81%


0

40

20

60

80

100



23%

42%

13%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageMichigan (adjusted COL)Michigan

$12,671$13,384

$12,575

$7,924 $8,370 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdMichigan

✔✔

✔✘

5.75.76.06.1

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$34,425$29,769 $30,850 $33,387

$63,856$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,703 $7,463 $7,852 $8,050 $7,679 $7,786

$10,970

$7,398

$10,705

$7,263

$10,759

$7,997

$12,671

$7,924

$13,384

$8,370

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



MICHIGAN Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START









Total Funding $288,804,124 $72,442,000 $216,362,124





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

215




35%

68%


94% 97% 94% 97%92%

97%

55%

86%74%

43% 45%

25%

8% 7%

88%

MICHIGAN Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





216

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 12%

88%

2%

2%

32%

0%

51%

10%

3%

91%

5%

1%

1%

2%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

34%

40%

20%

13%

9%

59%

62%

90%

2%

12%

58%

33%

6%


■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Other/Unspecified






MICHIGAN Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$29,431



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$63,856

$34,425

$27,912

$23,935

$30,368

$20,843

6%

27%

9% 14%

3%

4%

31%

17%

2%

0%

75%





217

MICHIGAN Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

32% 29% 29%25%

21% 19%16% 17%

23%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

6% 6% 6% 4% 2% 0% 1% 1% 2%

30%38%



0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


10% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


218

MICHIGAN Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$33,006



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$63,856

$30,850

$26,259

$23,928

$29,885

$18,886

6%

29%

6% 18%

6%

9%

70%

6%

0%

50%

50%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ Other/Unspecified






219


MICHIGAN Head Start

220








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

9% 8% 8% 7% 7% 6%12% 10% 13%


35%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


15%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


50%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


12%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


221

MINNESOTA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 11,701 3% 9%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,896 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 4,214 6% 17%

4-Year-Olds 5,363 8% 20%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%17% 20%20%

National averageMinnesota

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%23%

73%66%


0

40

20

60

80

100



19%

42%

7%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageMinnesota (adjusted COL)Minnesota

$12,297 $12,424 $12,575

$7,899 $7,981 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdMinnesota

✔✔

✔✘

5.75.96.06.1

2.93.0


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$32,824 $29,769 $32,184 $33,387

$56,670 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,025 $7,769 $8,163 $8,457 $7,922 $8,152

$11,244

$7,754

$11,241

$7,789

$11,931

$7,895

$12,297

$7,899

$12,424

$7,981

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



MINNESOTA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $118,543,454 $32,082,056 $86,461,398




Head Start State Supplemental Funding $20,100,000 $9,295,056 $10,804,944

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

222




56%

82%


86%95% 91% 94% 91%

97%

74%

91%

67%

61%54%

27%

12%18%

89%

MINNESOTA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





223

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 22%

78%

9%

5%

25%

0%

48%

8%

5%

69%

14%

4%

2%

1%

10%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 7%

21%

48%

23%

22%

7%

61%

53%

87%

2%

14%

49%

29%

9%








MINNESOTA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$23,846



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$56,670

$32,824

$29,861

$27,814

$31,234

$21,740

20%

25%

7% 22%

3%

12%

77%

24%

5%

8%

73%





224

MINNESOTA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

17% 17%23%

18% 16% 16%21%

16% 19%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

19%13% 11% 9% 5% 4% 3% 3%

9%

39% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


8% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


7% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


225

MINNESOTA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$24,486



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$56,670

$32,184

$29,775

$23,747

$31,617

$20,376

15%

32%

7% 14%

7%

8%

75%

20%

7%

10%

81%











226


MINNESOTA Head Start

227








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

6% 7% 6% 6% 6% 5% 6% 5% 7%


16%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2%7%

0

25

50

75

100


11%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


16% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


4% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


19% 18%

0

25

50

75

100


10%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


228

MISSISSIPPI Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 26,750 14% 22%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,119 2% 3%

3-Year-Olds 11,346 29% 45%

4-Year-Olds 13,042 33% 52%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%

45%

20%

52%

National averageMississippi

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

42%

73%70%


0

40

20

60

80

100



75%

42%

75%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageMississippi (adjusted COL)Mississippi

$13,142$14,487

$12,575

$6,723$7,412 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdMississippi

✔

✔

✘

5.75.56.05.8

2.92.6


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$25,331$29,769

$21,638

$33,387$42,564

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$6,985 $6,751 $6,971 $7,152 $6,796 $6,890

$12,140

$6,539

$11,929

$6,377

$11,221

$6,566

$13,142

$6,723

$14,487

$7,412

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



MISSISSIPPI Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $194,116,725 $30,147,000 $163,969,725





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

229




56%

62%


98% 98% 93% 94%88% 93%

48%

90%84%

47%38%

9%

23%

6%

93%

MISSISSIPPI Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





230

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 4%

96%

1%

0%

80%

0%

13%

3%

3%

96%

3%

0%

1%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 4%

25%

41%

28%

6%

8%

48%

53%

92%

1%

10%

84%

46%

1%


■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaskan Native■ Other/Unspecified






MISSISSIPPI Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$17,233



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$42,564

$25,331

$20,395

$19,479

$22,634

$18,426

3%

30%

5% 8%

3%

21%

82%

7%

0%

100%

100%





231

MISSISSIPPI Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

92% 90%

80% 81% 81% 82% 82%77% 75%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

7% 5% 5% 6% 8%3% 2% 1% 2%

17%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


0%8%

0

25

50

75

100


5%10%

0

25

50

75

100


232

MISSISSIPPI Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$20,926



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$42,564

$21,638

$16,056

$12,618

$20,226

$14,229

1%

40%

1% 11%

2%

25%

74%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors










233


MISSISSIPPI Head Start

234








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

68%75% 75%

80% 81% 79%75% 76% 75%


75%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


1%7%

0

25

50

75

100


99%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


9% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


40% 42%

0

25

50

75

100


235

MISSOURI Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 16,919 4% 9%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,904 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 6,786 9% 19%

4-Year-Olds 6,947 9% 19%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%19% 20%19%

National averageMissouri

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%30%

73%65%


0

40

20

60

80

100



53%

42%

24%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageMissouri (adjusted COL)Missouri

$12,085$12,961 $12,575

$8,047 $8,630 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdMissouri

✔

✔

5.75.46.05.9

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$28,151 $29,769 $28,903$33,387

$46,796

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,850 $7,590 $7,800 $8,097 $7,619 $7,992

$11,089

$7,547

$11,211

$7,708

$10,910

$7,800

$12,085

$8,047

$12,961

$8,630

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



MISSOURI Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START







In Center-Based Child Care Partner 1,029 356 673


Total Funding $152,516,605 $42,004,000 $110,512,605



American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start Funding $0 Not available $0

Head Start State Supplemental Funding $3,500,000 $3,500,000 $0

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

236




31%

69%


91% 96% 91% 94% 90%96%

52%

87%

73%

52%47%

18%9% 11%

88%

MISSOURI Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





237

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 16%

84%

0%

1%

33%

0%

52%

8%

6%

91%

6%

1%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 4%

27%

45%

23%

23%

8%

46%

53%

90%

2%

11%

66%

35%

6%








MISSOURI Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$18,645



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$46,796

$28,151

$26,594

$21,694

$25,392

$19,922

4%

22%

5% 18%

2%

6%

77%

24%

5%

0%

71%





238

MISSOURI Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

63% 63% 65%59% 61% 59%

55% 55% 53%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

58%49%

22% 22% 22% 23%17% 18% 17%

60%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


17%8%

0

25

50

75

100


15%10%

0

25

50

75

100


239

MISSOURI Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$17,893



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$46,796

$28,903

$22,100

$18,422

$26,832

$18,328

5%

27%

4% 19%

5%

3%

74%

14%

1%

0%

38%











240


MISSOURI Head Start

241








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

29% 32% 33% 34% 33% 31%24% 26% 24%


31%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


11% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


36%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


18% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


9% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


21% 18%

0

25

50

75

100


20%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


242

MONTANA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 4,901 8% 15%


< 3-Year-Olds 738 2% 4%

3-Year-Olds 1,719 14% 28%

4-Year-Olds 2,380 19% 35%

FUNDING




2%4%

18%28%

20%

35%

National averageMontana

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

20%

73%

50%


0

40

20

60

80

100



44% 42%

15%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageMontana (adjusted COL)Montana

$11,826

$13,975$12,575

$8,027$9,486

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdMontana

✔

✔

5.75.56.06.0

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$25,762 $29,769$23,566

$33,387

$50,670$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,265 $7,981 $8,254 $8,467 $7,934 $8,154

$11,055

$7,714

$11,166

$7,640

$11,490

$8,060

$11,826

$8,027

$13,975

$9,486

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



MONTANA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $39,510,370 $6,599,000 $32,911,370





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

243




36%

68%


95% 97%86%

91% 90% 94%

66%

81% 82%

53%46%

29%

9%15%

90%

MONTANA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





244

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 6%

94%

35%

0%

1%

0%

54%

9%

1%

99%

0%

0%

1%

0%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 7%

29%

46%

11%

14%

6%

46%

54%

83%

3%

13%

46%

33%

11%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaskan Native■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






MONTANA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$24,908



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,670

$25,762

$25,041

$22,596

$23,857

$19,944

3%

39%

4% 40%

4%

4%

87%

58%

4%

0%

64%





245

MONTANA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

64% 63%

52%47% 44%

40%48% 45% 44%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 3% 0% 0% 0%9% 6% 6%

43% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


3% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


15%10%

0

25

50

75

100


246

MONTANA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$27,104



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,670

$23,566

$19,678

$17,404

$20,562

$14,287

3%

44%

3% 24%

7%

7%

63%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover





■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






247


MONTANA Head Start

248








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

20% 18% 17% 19% 19% 20% 18%14% 15%


25%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


1%7%

0

25

50

75

100


27%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


1%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


14%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


249

NEBRASKA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 5,560 4% 9%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,288 2% 4%

3-Year-Olds 1,879 7% 15%

4-Year-Olds 2,283 9% 20%

FUNDING




2%4%

18%15%20%20%

National averageNebraska

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

55%

73%

89%


0

40

20

60

80

100



27%

42%

26%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageNebraska (adjusted COL)Nebraska

$12,667

$14,248

$12,575

$7,370$8,290 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNebraska

✔

✔

5.75.56.05.9

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$32,288 $29,769$35,560 $33,387

$50,597$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,174 $7,926 $8,149 $8,418$7,808 $8,079

$11,580

$7,087

$11,107

$7,195

$11,932

$7,372

$12,667

$7,370

$14,248

$8,290

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NEBRASKA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $48,380,064 $17,708,000 $30,672,064



American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start Funding $1,966,052 $0 $1,966,052


201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

250




21%

77%


89%95%

87% 90% 88%97%

52%

90%

76%

67%57%

26%

12%19%

91%

NEBRASKA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





251

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 33%

67%

7%

2%

12%

0%

59%

9%

11%

73%

21%

1%

1%

1%

3%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 8%

23%

39%

25%

10%

7%

48%

48%

83%

1%

15%

50%

26%

6%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ African






NEBRASKA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$18,309



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,597

$32,288

$28,819

$23,420

$29,547

$20,844

25%

22%

23% 44%

11%

6%

41%

24%

8%

4%

84%





252

NEBRASKA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

32% 30% 31% 28% 28% 26%22%

28% 27%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

3% 3% 1% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 0%

32%38%



0

25

50

75

100


9% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


253

NEBRASKA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$15,037



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,597

$35,560

$25,540

$19,049

$35,387

$15,295

15%

21%

14% 8%

1%

9%

87%

6%

0%

0%

100%











254


NEBRASKA Head Start

255








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

19% 16% 16% 17%21% 21% 21% 23% 26%


33%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


42%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


10% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


22% 18%

0

25

50

75

100


27%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


256

NEVADA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 3,490 2% 4%


< 3-Year-Olds 719 1% 1%

3-Year-Olds 1,316 4% 7%

4-Year-Olds 1,380 4% 7%

FUNDING




2%1%

18%

7%

20%

7%

National averageNevada

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

16%

73%

51%


0

40

20

60

80

100



54%

42%

20%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageNevada (adjusted COL)Nevada

$15,003$14,197

$12,575

$9,307 $8,807$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNevada

✔

✔

5.76.06.06.1

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$30,593 $29,769 $32,628 $33,387

$56,703 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$10,153 $9,804 $10,080 $10,513$9,512

$10,090

$17,045

$8,629

$17,384

$8,727

$15,527

$6,381

$15,003

$9,307

$14,197

$8,807

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NEVADA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START









Total Funding $37,002,575 $11,912,000 $25,090,575





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

257




0%

82%


92% 96%90% 93% 93% 97%

43%

74%80%

58%

42%

18% 19%10%

90%

NEVADA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





258

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 53%

47%

9%

2%

26%

1%

43%

5%

14%

70%

28%

0%

1%

1%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

22%

48%

24%

12%

8%

50%

51%

89%

15%

11%

56%

31%

9%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ East Asian■ Pacific Islander■ Other/Unspecified






NEVADA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$26,110



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$56,703

$30,593

$31,153

$26,628

$28,204

$17,628

29%

13%

25% 28%

4%

32%

75%

36%

8%

0%

89%





259

NEVADA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

54%45% 45%

49%58% 59%

49%53% 54%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0%8% 6% 6% 5% 3% 4%

45%38%



0

25

50

75

100


29%

8%

0

25

50

75

100


6% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


260

NEVADA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$24,075



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$56,703

$32,628

$30,107

$21,154

$30,098

$22,822

33%

27%

29% 31%

9%

10%

86%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors





■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified





261


NEVADA Head Start

262








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

3%11%

18% 17% 15%11% 11% 11%

20%


23%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


1%7%

0

25

50

75

100


21%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


28%

14%



0

25

50

75

100


7% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


68%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


263

NEW HAMPSHIRE Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 1,686 3% 7%


< 3-Year-Olds 363 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 581 4% 14%

4-Year-Olds 720 5% 16%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%14%

20%16%

National averageNew Hampshire

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%36%

73%66%


0

40

20

60

80

100



29%

42%

6%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageNew Hampshire (adjusted COL)New Hampshire

$12,153 $12,305 $12,575

$9,107 $9,221$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNew Hampshire

✔

✔

5.75.46.06.0

2.93.0


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$34,479$29,769 $25,390

$33,387

$58,554 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$9,446 $9,121 $9,378 $9,585

$8,109$9,197

$12,013

$8,578

$11,195

$8,914

$11,628

$9,164

$12,153

$9,107

$12,305

$9,221

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NEW HAMPSHIRE Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $16,527,328 $4,679,000 $11,848,328





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

264




2%

97%


98% 100% 96% 97% 96% 98%

60%

89%

68%

97% 96%

25%

11%18%

84%

NEW HAMPSHIRE Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





265

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 11%

89%

0%

4%

3%

0%

75%

10%

8%

87%

6%

1%

1%

1%

1%

3%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

30%

43%

20%

15%

16%

69%

76%

90%

2%

15%

58%

47%

9%



No assistant teachers ■ Advanced■ BA■ AA■ CDA■ No ECE-related credentials




NEW HAMPSHIRE Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$24,075



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$58,554

$34,479

$29,431

$26,983

$29,758

No assistant teachers

10%

4%

5% 19%

3%

0%

86%

12%

0%

0%

33%





266

NEW HAMPSHIRE Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

38% 38% 38%

28% 31% 31% 31% 31% 29%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

61%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


28%

8%

0

25

50

75

100


18%10%

0

25

50

75

100


267

NEW HAMPSHIRE Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$33,164



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$58,554

$25,390

$25,101

$26,998

$25,126

$17,998

4%

17%

1% 15%

1%

6%

50%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover











268


NEW HAMPSHIRE Head Start

269








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

6% 6% 6% 6% 5% 6% 5% 6% 6%


6%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


6% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


91%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


14% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


11%4%

0

25

50

75

100


10%18%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


270

NEW JERSEY Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 16,021 3% 8%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,352 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 6,527 6% 17%

4-Year-Olds 6,683 6% 18%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%17% 20%18%

National averageNew Jersey

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

16%

73%

89%


0

40

20

60

80

100



49%42%

80%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageNew Jersey (adjusted COL)New Jersey

$12,303

$10,335

$12,575

$9,258$7,777 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNew Jersey

✔

✔

5.75.66.06.0

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$27,219 $29,769

$46,046

$33,387

$69,038

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$10,002 $9,661 $9,934 $10,193$9,494 $9,971

$16,009

$9,313

$13,765

$9,425

$11,418$10,197

$12,303

$9,258$10,335

$7,777

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NEW JERSEY Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0



In Center-BasedChild Care Partner 1,168 343 825


Total Funding $156,887,556 $34,583,000 $122,304,556





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

271




14%

63%


95% 96%88% 92%

84%92%

71%82%

76%

46%39%

17%11% 7%

87%

NEW JERSEY Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





272

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

Caribbean

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 51%

49%

2%

3%

35%

0%

26%

6%

28%

52%

39%

1%

1%

1%

1%

5%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 8%

20%

40%

29%

11%

6%

50%

45%

89%

4%

7%

54%

34%

4%








NEW JERSEY Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$41,819



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$69,038

$27,219

$24,461

$22,023

$24,567

$16,773

41%

22%

46% 10%

1%

14%

71%

19%

8%

13%

67%





273

NEW JERSEY Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

54% 53% 51%

41% 38%46% 45% 47% 49%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

2% 2% 2% 3% 2% 5% 4% 2%

17%

7%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


14%8%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


274

NEW JERSEY Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$22,992



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$69,038

$46,046

$23,054

$23,618

$41,127

$21,758

41%

26%

34% 15%

6%

10%

92%

22%

0%

0%

50%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Caribbean■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






275


NEW JERSEY Head Start

276








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

88% 86% 89% 89%85%

91% 88%84%

80%


80%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


5% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


93%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


7%14%



0

25

50

75

100


8% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


7%18%

0

25

50

75

100


73%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


277

NEW MEXICO Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 9,540 7% 11%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,618 2% 3%

3-Year-Olds 3,613 13% 21%

4-Year-Olds 4,146 15% 25%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%21% 20%25%

National averageNew Mexico

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

12%

73%

36%


0

40

20

60

80

100



50%42%

26%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageNew Mexico (adjusted COL)New Mexico

$13,597 $14,117$12,575

$7,455 $7,741 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNew Mexico

✔

✔

✘

5.75.56.06.0

2.92.5


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$35,247$29,769 $31,858 $33,387

$45,683

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,274 $8,023 $8,249 $8,628$7,920 $8,331

$13,855

$7,300

$13,945

$7,118

$12,747

$7,648

$13,597

$7,455

$14,117

$7,741

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NEW MEXICO Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $77,806,738 $19,960,000 $57,846,738





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

278




21%

57%


92% 96% 93% 95% 93% 95%

61%

86% 87%

33%

19%10% 6% 10%

90%

NEW MEXICO Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





279

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Pacific Island


Middle Eastern

East Asian

Caribbean

Mexican and South & Central America

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 62%

38%

23%

1%

2%

0%

57%

6%

11%

76%

16%

0%

0%

0%

0%

4%

0%

0%

0%

4%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

31%

42%

21%

11%

6%

47%

55%

81%

1%

13%

52%

29%

4%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






NEW MEXICO Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$10,436



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,683

$35,247

$29,547

$21,427

$26,865

$27,547

47%

34%

51% 22%

2%

21%

82%

13%

4%

33%

83%





280

NEW MEXICO Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

59%51%

58%54%

50% 53% 56%51% 50%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

7% 3% 2% 5% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3%

30%38%



0

25

50

75

100


3% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


5% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


281

NEW MEXICO Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$13,825



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,683

$31,858

$23,923

$21,499

$26,524

$16,052

50%

44%

56% 18%

7%

30%

73%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover





■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






282


NEW MEXICO Head Start

283








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

30% 28% 29% 30%34% 34% 31%

25% 26%


31%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


8% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


52%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


7%14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


19% 18%

0

25

50

75

100


21%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


284

NEW YORK Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 51,130 4% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 7,569 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 19,663 8% 19%

4-Year-Olds 22,837 10% 22%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%19% 20%22%

National averageNew York

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%33%

73%

89%


0

40

20

60

80

100



34%42%

72%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageNew York (adjusted COL)New York

$12,244

$10,195

$12,575

$9,933

$8,271 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNew York

✔ ✔

✘

5.75.76.06.0

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$31,028 $29,769$37,210

$33,387

$77,628

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$10,219 $10,019 $10,316 $10,436$9,798 $9,976

$11,487

$9,746

$11,834

$9,700

$11,265$10,036

$12,244

$9,933 $10,195

$8,271

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NEW YORK Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $527,831,135 $105,669,000 $422,162,135





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

285




16%

71%


96% 99% 97% 99% 97% 99%

78%

92%

80%

54%45%

14% 10% 10%

90%

NEW YORK Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





286

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Caribbean


Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 39%

61%

2%

4%

27%

0%

34%

11%

22%

57%

27%

1%

6%

2%

1%

2%

3%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 8%

22%

45%

25%

15%

7%

56%

56%

89%

3%

16%

50%

27%

6%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean ■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian ■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






NEW YORK Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$46,600



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$77,628

$31,028

$26,725

$24,148

$27,512

$21,054

45%

18%

34% 16%

5%

16%

78%

22%

8%

12%

78%





287

NEW YORK Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

31% 30% 29% 30% 32% 32% 33% 31% 34%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

10% 11%7% 7% 6% 7% 5% 5%

10%

27%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


6% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


8% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


288

NEW YORK Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$40,418



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$77,628

$37,210

$26,835

$29,172

$36,290

$22,736

44%

21%

30% 26%

13%

11%

77%

26%

8%

15%

88%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






289


NEW YORK Head Start

290








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

55% 56% 57% 56% 55% 54%

69% 69% 72%


74%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


27%

7%

0

25

50

75

100


84%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


11%4%

0

25

50

75

100


11%18%

0

25

50

75

100


74%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


291

NORTH CAROLINA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 22,020 4% 7%


< 3-Year-Olds 4,166 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 6,873 6% 10%

4-Year-Olds 10,656 9% 16%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%10%

20%16%

National averageNorth Carolina

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%34%

73%78%


0

40

20

60

80

100



41% 42%

75%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageNorth Carolina (adjusted COL)North Carolina

$12,923 $12,896 $12,575

$7,720 $7,704 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNorth Carolina

✔ ✔

✘

5.75.76.06.0

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$29,121 $29,769 $28,014$33,387

$47,819$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,579 $8,311 $8,545 $8,938$8,143 $8,753

$14,348

$7,830

$13,787

$7,597

$12,720

$7,853

$12,923

$7,720

$12,896

$7,704

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NORTH CAROLINA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $192,383,889 $57,056,000 $135,327,889





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

292




38%

70%


92% 97% 92% 95% 90% 95%

63%

88%

74%

52%43%

15%10% 7%

89%

NORTH CAROLINA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





293

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 29%

71%

3%

1%

46%

0%

27%

10%

13%

72%

25%

1%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 4%

17%

43%

34%

7%

8%

51%

59%

93%

2%

11%

63%

38%

4%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaska Native ■ Other/Unspecified






NORTH CAROLINA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$18,698



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$47,819

$29,121

$24,149

$23,359

$25,840

$20,064

13%

21%

11% 9%

4%

5%

63%

18%

2%

0%

61%





294

NORTH CAROLINA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

61%55%

50%41% 41% 39% 42% 45%

41%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

5% 3% 2% 3% 6% 6% 5% 3% 1%

27%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


10% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


7% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


295

NORTH CAROLINA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$19,805



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$47,819

$28,014

$21,361

$20,470

$26,428

$18,417

7%

25%

6% 18%

6%

11%

59%

16%

0%

0%

40%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






296


NORTH CAROLINA Head Start

297








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

78%83% 81%

89%

77% 74% 76%80%

75%


78%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2%7%

0

25

50

75

100


90%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


15% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


3% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


1%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


49%42%

0

25

50

75

100


298

NORTH DAKOTA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 3,442 7% 20%


< 3-Year-Olds 565 2% 5%

3-Year-Olds 1,269 13% 39%

4-Year-Olds 1,556 16% 46%

FUNDING




2%5%

18%

39%

20%

46%

National averageNorth Dakota

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%40%

73%

60%


0

40

20

60

80

100



46% 42%

11%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageNorth Dakota (adjusted COL)North Dakota

$13,304 $13,723$12,575

$8,090 $8,344 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNorth Dakota

✔5.75.7

6.06.0

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$28,019 $29,769 $32,226 $33,387

$50,025$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,406 $8,117 $8,363 $8,736$8,109 $8,383

$12,915

$7,481

$12,779

$7,553

$13,362

$8,163

$13,304

$8,090

$13,723

$8,344

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NORTH DAKOTA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0

American Indian/ Alaska Native 1,000 150 850




Total Funding $29,065,990 $6,213,000 $22,852,990





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

299




28%

77%


95% 97% 92% 93%86% 89%

75%

89%

75%

58% 54%

37%

3%14%

84%

NORTH DAKOTA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





300

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 8%

92%

35%

2%

8%

0%

43%

9%

3%

92%

2%

1%

2%

1%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 10%

27%

47%

14%

9%

5%

42%

42%

76%

5%

15%

52%

30%

8%


■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






NORTH DAKOTA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$22,006



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,025

$28,019

$29,640

$23,747

$27,995

$20,183

4%

30%

1% 43%

6%

24%

76%

27%

0%

14%

71%





301

NORTH DAKOTA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

61% 60%53%

47% 47% 46% 46% 48% 46%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

46%38%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


8% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


302

NORTH DAKOTA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$17,799



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,025

$32,226

$30,046

$25,958

$30,022

$16,902

5%

34%

10% 19%

5%

3%

66%

30%

0%

0%

67%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






303


NORTH DAKOTA Head Start

304








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

12% 12% 11% 10% 12% 12%6% 5%

11%


40%49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


12%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


36%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


16%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


305

OHIO Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 37,032 5% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 4,914 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 14,130 10% 20%

4-Year-Olds 17,548 13% 24%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%20% 20%24%

National averageOhio

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%29%

73%69%


0

40

20

60

80

100



28%

42%

16%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageOhio (adjusted COL)Ohio

$11,557 $11,723$12,575

$7,797 $7,909 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdOhio

✔

✔

✔5.75.7

6.06.0

2.93.0


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$29,763 $29,769 $30,390 $33,387

$56,172 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,494 $7,426 $7,615 $7,881 $7,416 $7,653

$10,705

$7,336

$10,501

$7,330

$9,788

$7,266

$11,557

$7,797

$11,723

$7,909

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



OHIO Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $309,251,917 $61,877,000 $247,374,917




Head Start State Supplemental Funding $384,000 $0 $384,000

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

306




28%

62%


90%95% 92% 96% 92% 95%

65%

86%

72%

47%40%

15%8% 7%

84%

OHIO Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





307

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 10%

90%

1%

1%

34%

0%

50%

10%

4%

91%

1%

1%

2%

0%

5%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

27%

45%

21%

18%

9%

52%

55%

89%

2%

9%

62%

41%

4%








OHIO Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$26,409



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$56,172

$29,763

$27,064

$24,166

$27,759

$18,124

4%

19%

3% 24%

6%

1%

83%

21%

4%

5%

72%





308

OHIO Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

52% 53%45%

32% 29% 28% 28% 27% 28%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

16%8% 5% 5% 5% 5% 4% 2% 7%

54%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


16%8%

0

25

50

75

100


14%10%

0

25

50

75

100


309

OHIO Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$25,782



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$56,172

$30,390

$24,100

$29,928

$28,635

$20,244

5%

26%

3% 19%

6%

12%

57%

20%

7%

14%

66%











310


OHIO Head Start

311








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

17% 18% 19% 18% 17% 17% 17% 17% 16%


18%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


7% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


21%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


17% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


8% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


53%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


17%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


312

OKLAHOMA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 17,439 7% 12%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,635 2% 3%

3-Year-Olds 7,861 15% 26%

4-Year-Olds 6,799 13% 23%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%26%

20%23%

National averageOklahoma

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%21%

73%68%


0

40

20

60

80

100



77%

42%

61%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageOklahoma (adjusted COL)Oklahoma

$12,106$13,025 $12,575

$6,670 $7,177$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdOklahoma

✔

✘

5.75.56.05.8

2.92.6


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$34,541$29,769 $32,939 $33,387

$44,827

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$6,927 $6,689 $6,877 $7,306$6,700

$7,322

$10,574

$6,860

$10,771

$6,363

$12,242

$6,747

$12,106

$6,670

$13,025

$7,177

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



OKLAHOMA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $127,411,225 $29,623,000 $97,788,225





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

313




18%

65%


94% 96% 93% 96%91% 94%

47%

84%77%

44%38%

10% 12% 10%

90%

OKLAHOMA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





314

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 19%

81%

24%

1%

17%

0%

42%

9%

7%

86%

2%

0%

0%

12%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 9%

23%

48%

19%

4%

7%

46%

42%

81%

1%

11%

49%

27%

4%








OKLAHOMA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$10,286



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$44,827

$34,541

$23,389

$20,976

$23,962

$24,894

13%

33%

10% 25%

5%

7%

56%

29%

5%

17%

50%





315

OKLAHOMA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

90%82% 80% 77% 74% 71% 71%

75% 77%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

9%13% 11%

5% 8%4% 4% 5% 2%

46%38%



0

25

50

75

100


10% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


316

OKLAHOMA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$11,888



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$44,827

$32,939

$24,248

$22,295

$29,696

$19,828

8%

37%

8% 20%

6%

5%

53%

50%

25%

0%

0%











317


OKLAHOMA Head Start

318








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

48%53% 52%

58% 60% 58%48%

53%61%


62%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2%7%

0

25

50

75

100


95%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


2%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


49%42%

0

25

50

75

100


319

OREGON Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 7,381 3% 6%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,817 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 2,100 5% 9%

4-Year-Olds 3,322 7% 14%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%9%

20%14%

National averageOregon

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

41%

73%64%


0

40

20

60

80

100



19%

42%

10%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageOregon (adjusted COL)Oregon

$13,677 $14,223

$12,575

$10,305 $10,716

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdOregon

✔ ✔

✘

5.75.86.06.1

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$31,801 $29,769 $29,378$33,387

$59,474 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,770$6,500

$10,967 $11,141$10,266 $10,692

$13,000

$10,189

$12,133

$10,456

$12,601

$10,518

$13,677

$10,305

$14,223

$10,716

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



OREGON Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START



State Supplemental 6,134 190 5,944






Total Funding $148,080,894 $25,946,000 $122,134,894





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

320




48%

79%


89%96% 96% 98% 93% 96%

57%

88% 84%

60%49%

27%

14% 11%

93%

OREGON Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





321

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian


Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 50%

50%

4%

2%

7%

1%

68%

7%

11%

61%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

34%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

23%

38%

33%

25%

6%

66%

62%

85%

7%

16%

43%

27%

12%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ African






OREGON Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$27,673



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$59,474

$31,801

$26,437

$29,061

$29,585

$19,996

37%

29%

33% 21%

9%

0%

81%

22%

6%

14%

77%





322

OREGON Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

28% 32% 34%28% 26% 25% 22% 20% 19%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0%2% 1% 1% 1% 0%

3%

32%38%



0

25

50

75

100


4% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


10% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


323

OREGON Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$30,096



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$59,474

$29,378

$24,459

$23,646

$27,237

$17,935

23%

31%

21% 24%

9%

10%

74%

19%

6%

0%

100%











324


OREGON Head Start

325








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

14% 13% 13% 13% 12% 11% 13% 12% 10%


12%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2%7%

0

25

50

75

100


19%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


14% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


6%18%

0

25

50

75

100


11%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


326

PENNSYLVANIA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 32,040 4% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 5,022 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 11,392 8% 19%

4-Year-Olds 15,058 11% 23%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%19% 20%23%

National averagePennsylvania

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

41%

73%

84%


0

40

20

60

80

100



10%

42%37%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averagePennsylvania (adjusted COL)Pennsylvania

$11,303 $10,993

$12,575

$8,411 $8,181 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdPennsylvania

✔ ✔

✘

5.75.76.06.0

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$31,547 $29,769 $28,996$33,387

$64,447$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,431 $7,156$8,479 $8,690 $8,124 $8,408

$10,568

$8,094

$10,565

$8,297

$10,607

$8,259

$11,303

$8,411

$10,993

$8,181

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



PENNSYLVANIA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START



State Supplemental 4,565 0 4,565






Total Funding $324,384,683 $63,183,000 $261,201,683





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

327




26%

66%


83%94% 95% 97%

90%96%

65%

84%73%

46%40%

20%9% 8%

86%

PENNSYLVANIA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





328

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 22%

78%

0%

3%

0%

30%

44%

10%

13%

10%

1%

2%

4%

83%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

23%

45%

26%

18%

14%

53%

62%

88%

3%

18%

59%

44%

5%








PENNSYLVANIA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$32,900



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$64,447

$31,547

$27,745

$25,086

$28,712

$22,663

13%

12%

9% 20%

5%

34%

88%

16%

5%

15%

84%





329

PENNSYLVANIA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

11% 8% 9% 10% 8% 6% 9% 9% 10%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

6% 6% 3% 4% 4% 3% 3% 2% 3%

48%38%



0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


8% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


330

PENNSYLVANIA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$35,451



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$64,447

$28,996

$24,005

$22,189

$29,688

$18,020

11%

18%

10% 14%

5%

9%

77%

13%

3%

15%

77%











331


PENNSYLVANIA Head Start

332








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

40% 43% 43% 44%37% 34% 31%

36% 37%


42%49%



0

25

50

75

100


1%7%

0

25

50

75

100


62% 65%

0

25

50

75

100


15% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


13%18%

0

25

50

75

100


17%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


333

RHODE ISLAND Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 2,763 5% 11%


< 3-Year-Olds 590 2% 4%

3-Year-Olds 943 9% 24%

4-Year-Olds 1,191 11% 23%

FUNDING




2%4%

18%24%

20%23%

National averageRhode Island

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

14%

73%80%


0

40

20

60

80

100



26%

42%

10%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageRhode Island (adjusted COL)Rhode Island

$13,138$12,255 $12,575

$8,937 $8,336 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdRhode Island

✔ ✔

✘

5.76.16.06.2

2.93.2


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$30,816 $29,769 $32,481 $33,387

$65,918$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,168 $7,941$9,309 $9,481 $9,031 $9,219

$12,119

$8,548

$11,588

$9,622

$12,281

$8,990

$13,138

$8,937

$12,255

$8,336

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



RHODE ISLAND Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $28,135,954 $8,264,000 $19,871,954




Head Start State Supplemental Funding $800,000 $0 $800,000

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

334




2%

90%


98% 99% 96% 97% 96% 98%

77%

95%

69%

83%

58%

22%

4%11%

89%

RHODE ISLAND Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





335

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 42%

58%

1%

3%

0%

13%

48%

16%

19%

18%

1%

1%

4%

76%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 8%

21%

43%

26%

16%

14%

68%

75%

93%

2%

15%

58%

35%

5%








RHODE ISLAND Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$35,102



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$65,918

$30,816

$32,626

$26,682

$30,827

$24,232

25%

16%

22% 11%

9%

100%

80%

13%

3%

20%

80%





336

RHODE ISLAND Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

42% 42% 42%

32%37%

26% 26%20%

26%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 2% 6%0% 0% 0% 0%

70%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


21%

8%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


337

RHODE ISLAND Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$33,437



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$65,918

$32,481

$27,909

$29,968

$31,489

$21,538

25%

18%

19% 18%

7%

11%

74%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover





■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






338


RHODE ISLAND Head Start

339








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

22% 23%18%

10% 10%7% 7% 6%

10%


10%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


8% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


78%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


20%14%



0

25

50

75

100


16%4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


8%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


340

SOUTH CAROLINA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 13,544 5% 8%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,971 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 6,377 11% 19%

4-Year-Olds 5,042 8% 14%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%19% 20%14%

National averageSouth Carolina

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%30%

73%67%


0

40

20

60

80

100



78%

42%

87%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageSouth Carolina (adjusted COL)South Carolina

$12,815$13,551

$12,575

$7,310 $7,731 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdSouth Carolina

✔

✘

✘

✘5.75.4

6.05.7

2.92.5


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$26,505 $29,769$24,201

$33,387

$46,533

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,757 $7,491 $7,735 $8,161$7,531 $7,832

$13,340

$7,160

$12,526

$6,890

$12,706

$7,372

$12,815

$7,310

$13,551

$7,731

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



SOUTH CAROLINA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0



In Center-BasedChild Care Partner 145 144 1


Total Funding $110,707,548 $27,231,000 $83,476,548





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

341




46%

67%


98% 98% 95% 96% 92% 95%

72%

89% 87%

57%49%

13% 11%7%

90%

SOUTH CAROLINA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





342

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 10%

90%

0%

0%

0%

78%

12%

5%

5%

7%

0%

0%

1%

92%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 8%

19%

48%

25%

8%

6%

41%

59%

94%

1%

8%

82%

39%

3%








SOUTH CAROLINA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$20,028



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$46,533

$26,505

$23,183

$20,952

$23,225

$16,153

3%

18%

2% 16%

8%

10%

79%

23%

19%

17%

67%





343

SOUTH CAROLINA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

85% 83% 81%

71%67%

74% 74% 73%78%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

13% 16%8% 6% 4% 5% 6% 5%

10%

14%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


3% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


6% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


344

SOUTH CAROLINA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$22,332



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$46,533

$24,201

$19,290

$9,500

$23,046

$16,578

2%

29%

2% 22%

11%

11%

60%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors










345


SOUTH CAROLINA Head Start

346








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

86%91% 90%

79% 79%

93%

77%

87% 87%


87%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


4% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


94%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


14% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


57%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


347

SOUTH DAKOTA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 4,602 7% 18%


< 3-Year-Olds 745 2% 5%

3-Year-Olds 1,725 14% 34%

4-Year-Olds 2,045 17% 41%

FUNDING




2%5%

18%

34%

20%

41%

National averageSouth Dakota

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%24%

73%69%


0

40

20

60

80

100



37%42%

29%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageSouth Dakota (adjusted COL)South Dakota

$11,456

$13,734$12,575

$7,721

$9,257$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdSouth Dakota

✔

✘

5.75.46.0

5.8

2.92.9


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$34,514$29,769 $31,685 $33,387

$40,786

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,669 $7,405 $7,614 $7,870 $7,366 $7,552

$11,042

$6,743

$11,026

$6,520

$11,181

$7,745

$11,456

$7,721

$13,734

$9,257

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



SOUTH DAKOTA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $36,198,557 $7,091,000 $29,107,557





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

348




52%

66%


96% 98% 95% 95% 91% 94%

55%

69%

83%

55% 52%

10%4% 6%

91%

SOUTH DAKOTA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





349

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 7%

93%

48%

1%

0%

5%

38%

7%

1%

4%

1%

2%

1%

0%

92%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 9%

21%

47%

20%

10%

7%

50%

59%

86%

2%

13%

53%

32%

8%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ African■ Other/Unspecified






SOUTH DAKOTA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$6,272



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$40,786

$34,514

$29,581

$24,491

$28,252

$23,396

11%

23%

5% 24%

0%

26%

68%

15%

2%

0%

100%





350

SOUTH DAKOTA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

48%

37%

23%31% 31%

35% 35% 38% 37%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

2% 3% 4% 6%0%

5% 5% 5%0%

39% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


11% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


14% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


351

SOUTH DAKOTA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$9,101



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$40,786

$31,685

$23,300

$18,258

$28,421

$15,404

5%

36%

2% 22%

5%

17%

51%

17%

6%

17%

100%











352


SOUTH DAKOTA Head Start

353








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

26%20% 20%

25%19%

28% 29% 26% 29%


31%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


5% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


43%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


23%18%

0

25

50

75

100


6%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


354

TENNESSEE Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 17,750 4% 8%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,118 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 6,368 8% 15%

4-Year-Olds 9,051 11% 19%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%15%20%19%

National averageTennessee

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%33%

73%75%


0

40

20

60

80

100



50%42%

62%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageTennessee (adjusted COL)Tennessee

$13,257 $13,653$12,575

$7,607 $7,833 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdTennessee

✔ ✔

✘

5.75.86.06.0

2.93.1


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$27,877 $29,769 $32,836 $33,387

$47,979$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,381 $8,122 $8,351 $8,580 $8,056 $8,264

$14,737

$7,650

$14,478

$7,449

$13,428

$7,743

$13,257

$7,607

$13,653

$7,833

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



TENNESSEE Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $148,190,530 $30,903,000 $117,287,530





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

355




24%

81%


99% 99% 98% 98% 98% 99%

59%

86% 87%

71%

46%

21%10% 8%

94%

TENNESSEE Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





356

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 13%

87%

0%

1%

0%

40%

46%

6%

7%

10%

0%

1%

1%

0%

88%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 4%

19%

58%

19%

20%

8%

39%

58%

91%

2%

11%

64%

39%

2%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ Other/Unspecified






TENNESSEE Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$20,102



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$47,979

$27,877

$24,683

$20,984

$24,288

$11,524

4%

18%

4% 13%

2%

7%

59%

22%

0%

0%

67%





357

TENNESSEE Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

71%75%

69% 68% 68% 65%61%

47% 50%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

8% 7% 6%

19%12% 15%

4% 4% 6%

39% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


4%10%

0

25

50

75

100


358

TENNESSEE Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$15,143



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$47,979

$32,836

$20,664

$10,256

$28,404

$17,339

4%

26%

2% 11%

2%

2%

66%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover











359


TENNESSEE Head Start

360








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

66% 64%69% 69% 69%

50% 48% 49%

62%


68%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


11% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


81%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


32%42%

0

25

50

75

100


361

TEXAS Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 73,236 4% 7%


< 3-Year-Olds 9,513 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 28,279 7% 13%

4-Year-Olds 34,550 9% 16%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%13%

20%16%

National averageTexas

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

17%

73%74%


0

40

20

60

80

100



73%

42%

69%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageTexas (adjusted COL)Texas

$13,111$11,896

$12,575

$7,436$6,747

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdTexas

✔ ✔

✘

5.75.66.05.9

2.92.7


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$28,810 $29,769$37,619

$33,387

$50,175$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,151 $7,866 $8,098$8,373 $7,762 $8,119

$13,123

$7,534

$12,698

$7,338

$12,730

$7,521

$13,111

$7,436

$11,896

$6,747

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



TEXAS Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START







In Center-Based Child Care Partner 1,141 388 753


Total Funding $603,619,263 $136,445,000 $467,174,263





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

25,000

50,000

75,000

100,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

362




17%

62%


93% 95% 93% 95%91% 96%

62%

85% 90%

33% 29%19%

10% 10%

95%

TEXAS Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





363

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 71%

29%

1%

1%

2%

18%

63%

4%

11%

34%

0%

1%

1%

64%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 4%

18%

43%

33%

4%

7%

57%

60%

91%

2%

10%

58%

29%

3%








TEXAS Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$21,635



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,175

$28,810

$24,906

$20,989

$24,117

$15,973

46%

26%

54% 18%

6%

9%

78%

20%

5%

7%

61%





364

TEXAS Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

84% 84%76% 73% 70% 71% 72% 72% 73%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

8% 9% 6% 8% 6% 5% 5% 5% 6%

35% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


1%8%

0

25

50

75

100


9% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


365

TEXAS Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$12,556



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,175

$37,619

$25,639

$24,171

$34,570

$18,522

46%

26%

58% 16%

5%

7%

66%

20%

3%

0%

92%











366


TEXAS Head Start

367








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

72% 71% 68%74% 73% 71% 70% 69% 69%


69%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


3% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


98%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


10%18%

0

25

50

75

100


79%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


368

UTAH Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 6,558 3% 6%


< 3-Year-Olds 1,010 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 2,059 4% 9%

4-Year-Olds 3,387 7% 15%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%9%

20%15%

National averageUtah

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

46%

73%64%


0

40

20

60

80

100



17%

42%

2%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageUtah (adjusted COL)Utah

$12,115 $12,375 $12,575

$7,243 $7,398 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdUtah

✔ ✔5.75.96.06.1

2.93.3


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$28,382 $29,769$25,102

$33,387

$45,848

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,054 $7,611 $7,996 $8,199$7,369 $7,699

$10,301

$7,296

$9,657

$6,643

$11,472

$7,581

$12,115

$7,243

$12,375

$7,398

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



UTAH Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $52,916,996 $13,472,000 $39,444,996





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

369




14%

76%


91%97%

85%91% 89%

97%

40%

86%

72%

64%55%

22%12%

17%

93%

UTAH Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





370

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 48%

52%

6%

2%

2%

3%

67%

5%

15%

29%

1%

1%

1%

68%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 12%

17%

48%

23%

4%

4%

50%

42%

81%

2%

16%

40%

25%

9%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






UTAH Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$17,466



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,848

$28,392

$26,823

$25,286

$26,146

$13,697

32%

16%

27% 21%

4%

8%

83%

20%

1%

0%

69%





371

UTAH Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

26% 23% 19%27%

18% 14%21% 20% 17%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

12%6% 4% 5% 6% 3% 2% 2% 2%

55%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


1%8%

0

25

50

75

100


8% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


372

UTAH Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$20,746



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,848

$25,102

$21,106

$24,400

$24,168

$15,949

22%

26%

17% 25%

5%

5%

69%

23%

0%

0%

0%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






373


UTAH Head Start

374








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

8% 7% 7%3% 3% 3% 1% 2% 2%


4%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2%7%

0

25

50

75

100


46%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


13% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


51%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


1%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


375

VERMONT Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 1,503 5% 11%


< 3-Year-Olds 395 2% 5%

3-Year-Olds 479 8% 18%

4-Year-Olds 591 10% 19%

FUNDING




2%5%

18%18% 20%19%

National averageVermont

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

50%

73%

85%


0

40

20

60

80

100



22%

42%

28%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageVermont (adjusted COL)Vermont

$14,236$15,536

$12,575

$9,694$10,579

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdVermont

✔ ✔

✔

5.76.26.0

6.5

2.93.7


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$28,839 $29,769 $31,134 $33,387

$57,642 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$10,061 $9,716$10,294 $10,429 $10,003 $10,121

$13,079

$9,187

$13,481

$9,903

$13,498

$9,998

$14,236

$9,694

$15,536

$10,579

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



VERMONT Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $16,536,184 $6,164,000 $10,372,184





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

376




3%

73%


81%90%

98% 99% 99% 100%

75%

91%

76%

57% 53%

20%9%

15%

84%

VERMONT Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





377

Other/Unspecified

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 5%

95%

1%

2%

0%

4%

83%

7%

3%

1%

2%

1%

2%

0%

94%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

25%

51%

18%

44%

15%

68%

68%

87%

3%

22%

49%

38%

17%








VERMONT Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$28,803



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,642

$28,839

$27,732

$22,106

$24,052

$20,546

1%

20%

0% 16%

6%

60%

80%

23%

3%

29%

57%





378

VERMONT Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

19% 19% 18% 16% 17%22% 22% 22% 22%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

3% 1% 1%8% 4% 3% 5% 3% 5%

30%38%



0

25

50

75

100


18%8%

0

25

50

75

100


20%10%

0

25

50

75

100


379

VERMONT Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$26,508



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,642

$31,134

$21,638

$26,831

$29,478

$21,427

0%

16%

0% 11%

4%

7%

100%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover











380


VERMONT Head Start

381








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

21% 24% 24% 25%29% 28% 28% 27% 28%


33%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


4% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


36%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


16% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


20%

4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


20%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


382

VIRGINIA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 14,427 3% 8%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,237 1% 2%

3-Year-Olds 4,957 5% 13%

4-Year-Olds 7,005 7% 19%

FUNDING




2%2%

18%13%

20%19%

National averageVirginia

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%22%

73%78%


0

40

20

60

80

100



43% 42%

64%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageVirginia (adjusted COL)Virginia

$11,844

$10,262

$12,575

$7,847$6,799

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdVirginia

✔ ✔

✘

5.75.76.05.9

2.92.8


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$38,013$29,769

$38,124$33,387

$50,620$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$8,442 $8,116 $8,382 $8,600$8,066 $8,322

$11,776

$7,794

$11,951

$7,610

$12,253

$7,557

$11,844

$7,847

$10,262

$6,799

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



VIRGINIA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $123,061,318 $29,196,000 $93,865,318





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

383




57%

71%


96% 97% 94% 96% 96% 97%

76%86%

81%

47% 46%

23%

11% 10%

87%

VIRGINIA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





384

Other/Unspecified

African

African

Middle Eastern

East Asian


Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 19%

81%

1%

2%

3%

47%

32%

8%

7%

12%

1%

1%

2%

1%

1%

2%

81%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

23%

47%

24%

13%

8%

48%

57%

89%

3%

11%

65%

32%

5%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






VIRGINIA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$12,607



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,620

$38,013

$27,375

$26,936

$29,764

$22,739

30%

20%

16% 19%

3%

2%

70%

25%

3%

6%

75%





385

VIRGINIA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

36% 36% 37% 39% 38% 35% 36% 39% 43%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

13% 13% 12% 10% 8% 7% 7% 7% 7%

42% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


9% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


17%10%

0

25

50

75

100


386

VIRGINIA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$12,496



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$50,620

$38,124

$26,797

$23,982

$34,916

$19,210

9%

24%

5% 14%

5%

4%

72%

19%

0%

0%

83%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Middle Eastern■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






387


VIRGINIA Head Start

388








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

57% 58% 60%64% 66% 64% 64% 63% 64%


68%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


6% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


86%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


3% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


3%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


51%42%

0

25

50

75

100


389

WASHINGTON Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 13,453 3% 7%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,969 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 4,101 5% 10%

4-Year-Olds 6,110 7% 16%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%10%

20%16%

National averageWashington

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%30%

73%

53%


0

40

20

60

80

100



13%

42%

8%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageWashington (adjusted COL)Washington

$13,723$12,572 $12,575

$9,651$8,842

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdWashington

✔ ✔5.75.96.06.2

2.93.0


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$39,073$29,769 $30,984 $33,387

$51,857$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$10,248 $9,897 $10,440 $10,603$9,867 $10,210

$12,744

$9,584

$12,422

$9,335

$12,072

$9,862

$13,723

$9,651

$12,572

$8,842

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



WASHINGTON Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $138,345,728 $39,713,000 $98,632,728




Head Start State Supplemental Funding $0 Not available Not available

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

390




30%

70%


92%97% 97% 99% 96% 98%

71%

85% 88%

50% 54%

27%

13%8%

94%

WASHINGTON Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





391

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

East Asian


Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 47%

53%

9%

3%

1%

9%

55%

9%

14%

34%

1%

2%

1%

1%

4%

2%

55%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

22%

37%

33%

18%

6%

66%

52%

87%

2%

12%

43%

31%

9%








WASHINGTON Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$12,784



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$51,857

$39,073

$33,917

$29,232

$33,763

$23,016

37%

31%

24% 15%

3%

19%

53%

14%

1%

3%

69%





392

WASHINGTON Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

20% 20% 21% 19% 18% 16% 14% 16% 13%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

9% 9% 5% 4% 3% 3% 2% 2% 1%

48%38%



0

25

50

75

100


13%8%

0

25

50

75

100


14%10%

0

25

50

75

100


393

WASHINGTON Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$20,873



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$51,857

$30,984

$29,707

$20,063

$30,182

$20,833

22%

27%

18% 17%

6%

16%

62%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover











394


WASHINGTON Head Start

395








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

12%16%

10% 11% 11% 9% 9% 8% 8%


10%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


5% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


16%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


17% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


9% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


10%18%

0

25

50

75

100


8%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


396

WEST VIRGINIA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 8,138 8% 15%


< 3-Year-Olds 855 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 1,935 9% 19%

4-Year-Olds 5,183 26% 47%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%19% 20%

47%

National averageWest Virginia

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%22%

73%

92%


0

40

20

60

80

100



19%

42%

3%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageWest Virginia (adjusted COL)West Virginia

$12,089$13,242

$12,575

$7,059$7,733 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdWest Virginia

✔5.75.6

6.05.9

2.92.8✘


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$29,248 $29,769$37,620

$33,387

$45,499

$57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,592 $7,400 $7,609 $7,835$7,193 $7,525

$11,224

$7,120

$10,565

$7,030

$11,224

$7,129

$12,089

$7,059

$13,242

$7,733

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



WEST VIRGINIA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $62,578,266 $12,331,000 $50,247,266





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

397




64%

77%


90%96% 96% 98% 94% 97%

68%

85% 81%

55% 58%

10% 6%15%

93%

WEST VIRGINIA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





398

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 3%

97%

0%

0%

7%

0%

85%

1%

98%

1%

0%

0%

1%

7%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 7%

21%

51%

15%

8%

10%

42%

54%

86%

4%

17%

47%

41%

5%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ Other/Unspecified






WEST VIRGINIA Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$16,251



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,499

$29,248

$23,311

$21,987

$24,515

$15,441

4%

22%

2% 2%

2%

0%

100%

10%

0%

17%

50%





399

WEST VIRGINIA Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

18% 18% 18% 20%14% 14% 16% 19% 19%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

2% 0% 0%5% 5% 3%

0% 0% 0%

40% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


1%8%

0

25

50

75

100


16%10%

0

25

50

75

100


400

WEST VIRGINIA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$7,879



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$45,499

$37,620

$21,497

$15,536

$32,981

$20,558

1%

26%

1% 6%

1%

5%

70%

50%

0%

0%

100%











401


WEST VIRGINIA Head Start

402








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

16%13%

5% 5%

18%14% 12%

3% 3%


87%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


1%7%

0

25

50

75

100


4%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


12% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


1% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


1%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


5%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


403

WISCONSIN Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 15,100 4% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 2,317 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 7,330 11% 27%

4-Year-Olds 5,200 7% 16%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%27%

20%16%

National averageWisconsin

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%29%

73%74%


0

40

20

60

80

100



21%

42%

14%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageWisconsin (adjusted COL)Wisconsin

$12,409 $12,773 $12,575

$7,444 $7,663 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdWisconsin

✔ ✔5.75.7

6.06.0

2.92.8✘


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$33,845$29,769

$35,354 $33,387

$54,535 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,730 $7,499 $7,966 $8,156 $7,663 $7,898

$11,078

$7,494

$10,347

$7,903

$11,719

$7,390

$12,409

$7,444

$12,773

$7,663

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



WISCONSIN Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START





American Indian/ Alaska Native 1,032 338 694




Total Funding $127,233,913 $27,696,000 $99,537,913





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

404




44%

74%


91%95% 94% 96%

92% 95%

49%

85%

50%

59% 56%

24%

11% 11%

67%

WISCONSIN Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





405

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 25%

75%

7%

26%

4%

0%

49%

81%

5%

15%

2%

1%

1%

9%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 5%

26%

44%

25%

16%

11%

56%

68%

86%

4%

15%

55%

36%

8%








WISCONSIN Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$20,690



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$54,535

$33,845

$28,512

$21,851

$28,265

$17,160

13%

17%

11% 14%

4%

5%

67%

18%

7%

0%

94%





406

WISCONSIN Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

15% 13% 10%

19% 18% 17% 16% 16%21%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

9% 9% 8% 9%5% 5% 5% 3% 6%

46%38%



0

25

50

75

100


7% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


13% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


407

WISCONSIN Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$19,181



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$54,535

$35,354

$25,647

$21,511

$34,100

$19,377

15%

27%

12% 21%

7%

6%

83%

12%

0%

0%

100%











408


WISCONSIN Head Start

409








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

17%13% 15% 11% 10% 10% 12% 12% 14%


18%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


2%7%

0

25

50

75

100


32%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


11% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


5% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


40%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


15%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


410

WYOMING Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 2,019 5% 13%


< 3-Year-Olds 429 2% 5%

3-Year-Olds 638 8% 22%

4-Year-Olds 908 12% 28%

FUNDING




2%5%

18%22% 20%28%

National averageWyoming

0

40

20

60

80

100


30%

43%

73%64%


0

40

20

60

80

100



0%

42%

1%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


National averageWyoming (adjusted COL)Wyoming

$10,682 $11,156$12,575

$7,812 $8,159 $8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdWyoming

✔

5.75.76.06.2

2.93.0


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$28,760 $29,769 $32,051 $33,387

$56,744 $57,092


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,743 $7,677 $7,911 $8,017 $7,705 $7,691

$9,695

$7,257

$9,786

$7,327

$10,480

$7,992

$10,682

$7,812

$11,156

$8,159

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



WYOMING Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $16,103,768 $4,027,000 $12,076,768





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

411




34%

91%


93% 95% 91% 94% 93% 96%

53%

81% 85%

85% 81%

25%

12%

26%

93%

WYOMING Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





412

Other/Unspecified

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 29%

71%

18%

1%

1%

2%

66%

8%

86%

12%

0%

0%

2%

4%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

26%

50%

18%

4%

5%

44%

36%

81%

3%

25%

50%

31%

12%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






WYOMING Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$27,984



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$56,744

$28,760

$18,943

$19,258

$23,906

$12,400

14%

39%

13% 21%

4%

0%

83%

29%

0%

0%

67%





413

WYOMING Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

36% 38%



0

25

50

75

100


5% 8%

0

25

50

75

100


4%10%

0

25

50

75

100


414

WYOMING Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Difference$24,693



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$56,744

$32,051

$26,048

$26,791

$30,424

$15,990

16%

36%

16% 17%

3%

6%

44%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover





■ English ■ Spanish■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






415


WYOMING Head Start

416








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

7%11% 9%

1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%


27%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


1%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


17% 14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


4%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


7%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


417

AMERICAN SAMOA Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 1,322 26% 26%


< 3-Year-Olds 0 0% 0%

3-Year-Olds 572 60% 60%

4-Year-Olds 760 90% 90%

FUNDING


Early Head Start Funding $0


2%0%

18%

60%

20%

90%

National averageAmerican Samoa

0

40

20

60

80

100


NO EARLY HEAD START

73%

95%


0

40

20

60

80

100



NO EARLY HEAD START

0%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100



NO EARLY HEAD START

$1,740

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdAmerican Samoa

DATA NOT AVAILABLE


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


NO EARLYHEAD START

$23,596$33,387

$57,092

Data notavailable


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$1,616 $1,561 $1,605 $1,609 $1,570 $1,784

$0

$1,784

$0

$1,658

$0

$1,782

$0

$1,740

Not available$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



AMERICAN SAMOA Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $2,317,881 $0 $2,317,881

Total Federal Funding $2,317,881 $0 $2,317,881

Head Start Federal Funding $2,317,881 $0 $2,317,881



201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

418




0%

80%


99% 99%

85% 85%

99% 99% 99% 99% 100%

48%

7% 7% 4%

21%

100%

AMERICAN SAMOA Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





419

Other/Unspecified

Pacific Island

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 0%

100%

0%

0%

0%

99%

0%

1%

0%

1%

98%

1%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 2%

7%

65%

25%

0%

0%

88%

0%

100%

0%

6%

28%

22%

0%

AMERICAN SAMOA Early Head Start

NO EARLY HEAD STARTENROLLMENT

420

AMERICAN SAMOA Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Differencenot

availablePublic elementary

school teacher


Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

Not available

$23,596

$16,696

None

$23,032

$16,696

100%

15%

0% 9%

0%

75%

0%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors





■ English ■ Spanish■ Pacific Island■ Other/Unspecified





421


AMERICAN SAMOA Head Start

422








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%


0%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


1%14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


92%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


25%*

42%

0

25

50

75

100


*Reflects data for American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, and Virgin Islands

423

NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 534 4% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 0 0% 0%

3-Year-Olds 91 3% 9%

4-Year-Olds 443 16% 43%

FUNDING




2%0%

18%

9%

20%

43%

National averageGuam

0

40

20

60

80

100


NO EARLY HEAD START

73%

44%


0

40

20

60

80

100



NO EARLY HEAD START

0%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100



NO EARLY HEAD START

$4,751

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Classroom organizationEmotional supportInstructional support

National average Research-based thresholdGuam*

✔5.75.6

6.06.1

2.92.3✘


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


NO EARLYHEAD START

$42,430$33,387

Data notavailable

$57,092

GUAM Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







*Average for Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and Virgin Islands


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$5,663$4,812

$5,622 $5,053 $4,732 $4,872

$0

$4,872

$0

$4,528

$0

$4,859

$0

$4,751

Not available$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



GUAM Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START

Total Funded Enrollment 534 0 534

Federally Funded 534 0 534


MIECHV Funded 0 0 0


Cumulative Enrollment 572 0 572

In Center-BasedChild Care Partner 0 0 0


Total Funding $2,537,054 $0 $2,537,054





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

424




53%

74%


98% 98%92% 90% 87% 89%

62%

94%85%

64%

10%1% 3%

20%

88%

GUAM Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





425

Other/Unspecified

Pacific Island

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 81%

19%

0%

13%

0%

74%

0%

13%

0%

80%

0%

16%

1%

3%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 2%

4%

51%

42%

17%

0%

40%

71%

95%

1%

8%

42%

38%

2%

GUAM Early Head Start

426


GUAM Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Differencenot


school teacher


Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

Not available

$42,430

$40,343

None

$42,239

$20,387

46%

49%

93% 7%

0%

0%

0%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors










427


GUAM Head Start

428








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0%

100% 100% 100%

0% 0% 0% 0% 0%


25%*

0%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


100%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


7%14%



0

25

50

75

100


0%4%

0

25

50

75

100


18%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

42%

0

25

50

75

100



429

NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 542 11% 12%

Pregnant Women Not available N/A N/A

< 3-Year-Olds 80 3% 3%

3-Year-Olds 130 13% 15%

4-Year-Olds 332 33% 37%

FUNDING


Early Head Start Funding $920,000


2%3%

18%15%20%

37%

National averageNorthern Mariana Islands

0

40

20

60

80

100


DATA NOT AVAILABLE

73%

100%


0

40

20

60

80

100



0%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100


DATA NOT AVAILABLE

$12,575


$3,883

$8,038

$11,500

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000


5.75.66.06.1

2.92.3


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdNorthern Mariana Islands*

✔

✘


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$35,429 $33,387

$57,092

Data notavailable

DATA NOTAVAILABLE



ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$4,563$4,006 $4,530 $4,130 $4,030 $3,982

$0

$3,982

$0

$3,699

$0

$4,082

$11,500

$3,883

Not available$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 Not available 0


Cumulative Enrollment Not available Not available 486



Total Funding $2,714,080 $920,000 $1,794,080

Total Federal Funding $2,714,080 $920,000 $1,794,080

Head Start Federal Funding $2,714,080 $920,000 $1,794,080



201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

430




1%

14%


84%92%

85% 85%95% 95%

84%92% 95%

9%3% 0% 1% 1%

95%

NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





431

Other/Unspecified

Pacific Island

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 0%

100%

0%

41%

0%

55%

0%

4%

0%

65%

0%

14%

3%

1%

17%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 10%

34%

40%

16%

0%

3%

90%

51%

95%

0%

10%

33%

27%

0%

NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS Early Head Start

432

NO INFORMATION AVAILABLE ON EARLY HEAD START*

* Northern Mariana Islands received a grant to provide Early Head Start services in February 2015 and was not required to complete the PIR for this first year of operation.

NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Differencenot


school teacher


Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

Not available

$35,429

None

None

$36,000

$19,000

64%

36%

0% 7%

0%

100%

0%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors







No home visitors No ECD managers



433


NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS Head Start

434








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%


25%*

0%

49%


Percent of children in full-working-day,full-year programs

Percent of children receiving atleast 1,020 hours of Head Start per year

0

25

50

75

100

National averageNorthernMariana Islands

0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


5%14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


100%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


42%

0

25

50

75

100



435

PALAU Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview

NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 400 36% Not available


< 3-Year-Olds 0 0% Not available

3-Year-Olds 124 56% Not available

4-Year-Olds 276 100% Not available

FUNDING




2%Data notavailable

Data notavailable

Data notavailable

18% 20%

National averagePalau

0

40

20

60

80

100


NO EARLY HEAD START

73%

0%


0

40

20

60

80

100



NO EARLY HEAD START

0%

44%

0

20

40

60

80

100



NO EARLY HEAD START

$3,594

$8,038

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdPalau

DATA NOT AVAILABLE

National averagePalau*

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


NO EARLYHEAD START

$9,908

$33,387

Data notavailable

$57,092








ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

*No teachers had a BA or higher. Salary data is for teachers with an AA.

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$3,017 $2,913 $2,995 $3,004 $2,931 $2,896

$0

$2,896

$0

$2,835

$0

$3,703

$0

$3,594

Not available$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



PALAU Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0


Cumulative Enrollment 489 0 489



Total Funding $1,437,508 $0 $1,437,508





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

DATA NOT AVAILABLE

436




65%

81%


82%

100%

86% 86% 82%

100%

82%

100%

82%

50%

24%15%

2% 2%

100%

PALAU Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





437

Other/Unspecified

Pacific Island

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 0%

100%

0%

6%

0%

92%

0%

2%

0%

5%

0%

89%

0%

6%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 10%

29%

28%

33%

0%

0%

0%

0%

96%

0%

2%

21%

7%

0%

PALAU Early Head Start

438


PALAU Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Differencenot


school teacher


Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

Not available

None

$9,908

$7,278

$7,364

$4,567

100%

81%

0% 9%

0%

0%

100%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors





■ English ■ Spanish■ Pacific Island■ Other/Unspecified





439


PALAU Head Start

440








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%


25%*


79%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


22%14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


42%

0

25

50

75

100


441

PUERTO RICO Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview







NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 36,776 19% 23%


< 3-Year-Olds 3,205 3% 3%

3-Year-Olds 13,445 36% 42%

4-Year-Olds 19,607 49% 58%

FUNDING




2%3%

18%

42%

20%

58%

National averagePuerto Rico

0

40

20

60

80

100


73%

98%

30%

85%


0

40

20

60

80

100



43% 44%

72%

42%

0

20

40

60

80

100


$12,575


$7,263$8,038

$12,572

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000


5.75.66.06.0

2.92.7

✔

✘


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdPuerto Rico


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$20,640

$33,387

$18,605

$57,092

Data notavailable

$29,769


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$7,793 $7,525 $7,750 $7,971$7,455 $7,895

$13,730

$7,408

$12,536

$7,238

$12,591

$7,274

$12,572

$7,263

Not available$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



PUERTO RICO Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0





Total Funding $286,890,332 $46,818,000 $240,072,332





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

442




3%

81%


97% 99% 100% 100% 98% 99%

87%94% 97%

37%44%

5%12% 12%

98%

PUERTO RICO Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





443

Other/Unspecified

Pacific Island

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 99%

1%

2%

0%

0%

0%

0%

78%

20%

1%

99%

0%

0%

0%

0%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 16%

26%

47%

11%

5%

0%

77%

67%

92%

0%

20%

59%

47%

1%








PUERTO RICO Early Head Start



2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100


Differencenot


school teacher


Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

Not available

$18,605

$20,174

$16,294

$19,339

$14,124

100%

14%

100% 8%

3%

7%

50%

4%

1%

0%

67%





444

PUERTO RICO Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

75%82%

78%69% 67%

73% 73% 71% 72%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

1% 1% 1%5%

0% 0%4%

0%3%

7%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


2%8%

0

25

50

75

100


7% 10%

0

25

50

75

100


445

PUERTO RICO Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2009 2010 2014 20152011 2012 20132007 20080

20

40

60

80

100




Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

Not available

$20,640

$18,761

$15,664

$23,277

$15,731

100%

19%

100% 9%

2%

16%

71%

0%

0%

No turnover

No turnover

DifferenceNot

available











446


PUERTO RICO Head Start

447








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

81% 83% 83% 81%74% 72% 73%

57%

43%


43%49%



0

25

50

75

100


2% 7%

0

25

50

75

100


99%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


7%14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


2%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


93%

42%

0

25

50

75

100


448

VIRGIN ISLANDS Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview

NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 1,014 17% 47%


< 3-Year-Olds 95 3% 8%

3-Year-Olds 372 32% 87%

4-Year-Olds 522 43% 100%

FUNDING




2%8%

18%

87%

20%

100%

National averageVirgin Islands

0

40

20

60

80

100


73%69%

30%

17%


0

40

20

60

80

100



100%

44%

60%

42%

0

20

40

60

80

100


$12,575


$8,910$8,038

$13,967

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


National average Research-based thresholdVirgin Islands*

✔5.75.6

6.06.1

2.92.3✘


$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$31,576 $33,387$29,060

$57,092

Data notavailable

$29,769









ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$12,575

$8,038

National average

$9,776 $9,441 $9,706 $10,111$9,346 $9,703

$13,929

$9,136

$13,023

$8,529

$14,147

$9,024

$13,967

$8,910

Not available$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000


2015adjusted COL

201520142013201220112010200920082007



VIRGIN ISLANDS Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START

Total Funded Enrollment 1,014 120 894

Federally Funded 1,014 120 894


MIECHV Funded 0 0 0


Cumulative Enrollment 1,097 138 959



Total Funding $9,641,546 $1,676,000 $7,965,546





201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

449




21%

21%


91%81%

50%

83%88% 91% 93%

82%

30%

2% 2% 0%7%

1%

77%

VIRGIN ISLANDS Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





450

Other/Unspecified

Caribbean

Mexican and South& Central American

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 23%

77%

0%

0%

79%

0%

0%

5%

16%

86%

11%

2%

0%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 2%

20%

41%

37%

11%

0%

76%

87%

98%

0%

13%

85%

51%

1%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ East Asian■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






VIRGIN ISLANDS Early Head Start



0

20

40

60

80

100


201520142013201220112010200920082007

Differencenot


school teacher


Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

Not available

$29,060

$29,060

$18,345

$21,444

$18,345

32%

11%

18% 17%

0%

0%

100%

50%

50%

0%

50%





451

VIRGIN ISLANDS Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

50% 50% 50%

60%

20%

60% 60% 60% 60%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

14%

38%



0

25

50

75

100


0%8%

0

25

50

75

100


3%10%

0

25

50

75

100


452

VIRGIN ISLANDS Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


2015201420132012201120102009200820070

20

40

60

80

100




Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

Not available

$31,576

$29,393

None

$30,045

$24,950

17%

14%

10% 28%

11%

100%

0%

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

No home visitors

Differencenot

available





■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ Other/Unspecified





453


VIRGIN ISLANDS Head Start

454








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%


25%*

*Average for American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, and Virgin Islands

100%

49%



0

25

50

75

100


0%7%

0

25

50

75

100


100%

65%

0

25

50

75

100


7%14%



0

25

50

75

100


0% 4%

0

25

50

75

100


0%

18%

0

25

50

75

100


42%

0

25

50

75

100


455

State(s) of Head StartNATIONAL PROFILE

456







3%

18% 21%

National average

0

40

20

60

80

100


0

40

20

60

80

100

73%

Head Start

50%

Migrant & Seasonal Head Start

30%

Early Head Start

National average

42% 44%

93%

0

20

40

60

80

100

Head Start Migrant & Seasonal Head StartEarly Head Start

National average

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000

$8,038

Head Start

$10,753


$12,612

Early Head Start


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


Research-based threshold

✔ ✔5.7

6.0

2.9✘

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000

Early Head Start

$29,769

Migrant & SeasonalHead Start

$24,083

Head Start

$33,387

Public elementaryschool national average

$57,092

NATIONAL Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview

NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 929,941 5% 10%


< 3-Year-Olds 153,073 1% 3%

3-Year-Olds 351,215 9% 18%

4-Year-Olds 412,324 10% 21%

FUNDING

Total Federal Funding $8,244,919,188

Early Head Start Funding $1,829,389,000

Head Start Funding $5,844,297,882

AIAN Early Head Start Funding $60,935,000

AIAN Head Start Funding $176,373,066

Migrant & Seasonal Head Start Funding $333,924,240


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING


$8,369$9,186

$8,098$8,780 $8,482

$9,407$8,733

$9,716

$8,151$9,424

$8,457

$12,219

$7,942

$9,839

$8,260

$11,027

$7,840

$11,387

$8,558

$11,897

$8,062

$11,134

$8,801

$12,612

$8,038

$10,753

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

2007


2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015


NATIONAL Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING




TOTAL EARLY HEAD START HEAD START MIGRANT & SEASONAL HEAD START

Total Funding $8,421,604,566 $1,903,119,056 $6,184,561,270 $333,924,240

Total Federal Funding $8,244,919,188 $1,890,324,000 $6,020,670,948 $333,924,240

Head Start Federal Funding $8,007,611,122 $1,829,389,000 $5,844,297,882 $333,924,240

American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start Funding $237,308,066 $60,935,000 $176,373,066 Not applicable

Head Start State Supplemental Funding $176,685,378 $12,795,056 $163,890,322 $0

201520142013201220112010200920082007


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

250,000

500,000

750,000

1,000,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

457

TOTALEARLY HEADSTART

HEAD START

MIGRANT & SEASONAL

HEAD START

Total Funded Enrollment 944,479 151,322 762,103 31,054

Federally Funded 907,181 145,474 730,653 31,054

State Supplemental 13,593 489 13,104 0

MIECHV Funded 945 945 0 0

American Indian/ Alaska Native 22,760 4,414 18,346 N/A

Cumulative Enrollment 1,098,788 172,819 897,090 28,879

In Center-Based Child Care Partner 34,979 5,983 28,236 760




24%

72%


93% 97% 94% 97% 93% 97%

62%

86%80%

51%44%

17% 12% 10%

91%

NATIONAL Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





458

Other/Unspecified

African

European & Slavic

Middle Eastern

East Asian

Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 38%

62%

4%

2%

29%

43%

1%

10%

11%

71%

24%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 6%

23%

43%

27%

13%

7%

56%

55%

89%

2%

12%

58%

35%

5%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ European & Slavic■ African■ Other/Unspecified






NATIONAL Early Head Start



0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


Difference$27,323



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,092

$29,769

$26,479

$22,805

$26,484

$20,870

29%

21%

27% 16%

4%

12%

69%

19%

5%

9%

74%





459

NATIONAL Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

47% 46% 44% 41% 41% 40% 40% 40% 42%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

11% 10% 8% 8% 7% 7% 6% 5% 7%

38%



0

25

50

75

100

National average

8%

0

25

50

75

100

National average

10%

0

25

50

75

100

National average

460

NATIONAL Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


Difference$23,705



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,092

$33,387

$24,979

$22,376

$31,220

$19,452

28%

26%

26% 16%

5%

11%

67%

17%

4%

18%

70%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Caribbean■ Middle Eastern■ East Asian■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ European & Slavic■ Other/Unspecified






461


NATIONAL Head Start

462








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

45% 46% 46% 47% 46% 45% 44% 43% 44%


49%



0

25

50

75

100

National average

7%

0

25

50

75

100

National average

65%

0

25

50

75

100

National average

14%



0

25

50

75

100

National average

4%

0

25

50

75

100

National average

18%

0

25

50

75

100

National average

42%

0

25

50

75

100

National average

463

State(s) of Head StartAMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE HEAD START PROFILE

464







National average

0

40

20

60

80

100


DATA NOT AVAILABLE

0

40

20

60

80

100

38%

AIAN Head Start

15%

AIAN Early Head Start

0

40

20

60

80

100

28%

AIAN Head Start

39%


$13,805

AIAN Head Start

$9,614

AIAN Early Head Start$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7



✔ ✔5.6

6.0

2.6✘

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$35,974

AIAN Head Start

$32,543

Public elementaryschool national average

$57,092

AIAN Head Start & Early Head Start 2014-2015 Overview

NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 22,760 Not available Not available


< 3-Year-Olds 4,048 Not available Not available

3-Year-Olds 8,612 Not available Not available


FUNDING





ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$9,346 $9,097$9,823 $10,030

$9,438 $9,708

$13,292

$9,083$9,998

$13,234

$9,384$10,272

$13,045

$9,722$10,427

$13,805

$9,614

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

2007


2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015


AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE Head Start & Early Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING





HEAD START




MIECHV Funded 0 0 0




Total Funding $237,308,066 $60,935,000 $176,373,066

American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start Funding $237,308,066 $60,935,000 $176,373,066


201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


DATA NOT AVAILABLE


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


DATA NOT AVAILABLE

465




48%

46%


80%91% 89% 85% 84%

91% 90%

77%

61%

28% 28%

11%5% 9%

86%

AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE Head Start & Early Head Start


ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





466

Other/Unspecified


Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 7%

93%

86%

0%

1%

0%

8%

3%

2%

95%

1%

2%

2%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 8%

26%

48%

16%

16%

5%

45%

37%

78%

2%

13%

44%

34%

8%


■ English ■ Spanish■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Pacific Island■ Other/Unspecified






AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE Early Head Start



0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


Difference$21,118



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,092

$35,974

$28,524

$24,370

$27,607

$22,681

11%

52%

5% 22%

3%

24%

69%

28%

1%

36%

43%





467

AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE Early Head Start










0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

50%54% 52%

47%42%

47%51%

44%39%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

2% 2% 3% 1% 2% 1% 2% 2% 2%

25%



0

25

50

75

100

AIAN National average

2%

0

25

50

75

100


6%

0

25

50

75

100


468

AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE Head Start

HEAD START STAFF


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


Difference$24,549



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,092

$32,543

$26,339

$24,653

$29,493

$20,729

23%

54%

5% 20%

5%

32%

53%

35%

5%

38%

54%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Native North American/Alaska Native■ Other/Unspecified






469


AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE Head Start

470








0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

20% 21% 21%25% 24%

29% 28% 25% 28%


43%



0

25

50

75

100


5%

0

25

50

75

100


44%

0

25

50

75

100


5%


Percent of classes that are double sessions

0

25

50

75

100


2%0

25

50

75

100


5%

0

25

50

75

100


0

25

50

75

100


DATA NOT AVAILABLE

471

State(s) of Head StartMIGRANT AND SEASONAL HEAD START PROFILE

472







National average

0

40

20

60

80

100


DATA NOT AVAILABLE

0

40

20

60

80

100

50%


0

40

20

60

80

100 93%


$10,753

Migrant & Seasonal Head Start$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7



✔5.6

6.0

2.6✘

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000


$24,083

Public elementary schoolnational average

$57,092

MIGRANT & SEASONAL Head Start 2014-2015 Overview

NUMBER ENROLLED

PERCENT OF STATE


TOTAL 31,054 Not available Not available


< 3-Year-Olds 16,306 Not available Not available



FUNDING


Early Head Start Funding Breakdown not available

Head Start Funding Breakdown not available


ENROLLMENT

TEACHER DEGREE

PROGRAM DURATION

FEDERAL FUNDING

QUALITY

TEACHER SALARY

FUNDING

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$9,186

2007


$8,780

2008

$9,407

2009

$9,716

2010

$9,424

2011

$9,839

2012

$11,387

2013

$11,134

2014

$10,753

2015


MIGRANT & SEASONAL Head Start

ENROLLMENT

FUNDING




MIGRANT & SEASONAL HEAD START

Total Funded Enrollment 31,054

Federally Funded 31,054

State Supplemental 0

MIECHV Funded 0

Cumulative Enrollment 28,879

In Center-Based Child Care Partner 760

MIGRANT & SEASONAL HEAD START

Total Funding $333,924,240

Migrant & Seasonal Head Start Funding $333,924,240

Head Start State Supplemental Funding $0

201520142013201220112010200920082007


0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


DATA NOT AVAILABLE


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


DATA NOT AVAILABLE

473




63%

67%


95% 98%

85%91% 94% 98%

63%

91% 86%

50%45%

12% 10% 11%

95%



ETHN

ICIT

Y

PARE

NT E

DUCA

TION

RACE

FAM

ILY

USE

OF

PUBL

IC A

SSIS

TANC

E

HOM

E LA

NGUA

GE

OTHE

R CH

ILD

AND

FAM

ILY

CHAR

ACTE

RIST

ICS

SUPPORT SERVICES





474

Other/Unspecified


Spanish

English

Other/Unspecified


White



Asian



Hispanic/Latino 99%

1%

2%

0%

1%

0%

67%

4%

26%

11%

1%

5%

83%







SNAP

WIC

SSI

TANF

Less than HSD/GED

HSD/GED


BA or higher 1%

7%

23%

69%

5%

1%

76%

45%

88%

.3%

8%

28%

14%

3%


HEAD START STAFF


0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007


Difference$33,009



Teachers with an AA


All teachers




Hispanic orLatino




Home visitor left




Teacher left

$57,092

$24,083

$21,021

$18,058

$22,050

$16,633

75%

19%

99% 13%

5%

9%

50%

18%

9%

0%

100%





■ English ■ Spanish■ Mexican and South & Central American■ Other/Unspecified






475



476



Enrollment by program type Enrollment in center-based programs by operating schedule Number of years enrolled in Head Start(including Early Head Start)






0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

96% 96% 95% 95% 95% 94% 93% 93% 93%

0

20

40

60

80

100

201520142013201220112010200920082007

4% 7% 5% 8% 8% 7% 10% 10% 9%


93%



0

25

50

75

100

MSHS National average

25%

0

25

50

75

100


93%

0

25

50

75

100


0%


Percent of classes that are double sessions

0

25

50

75

100


4%

0

25

50

75

100

MSHS National average0

25

50

75

100


15%

Percent of pregnant women who left program before giving birth

0

25

50

75

100


0

25

50

75

100


DATA NOT AVAILABLE

DATA NOT AVAILABLE

477

RESPONDENT UNIVERSE

The respondent universe for this report is all Head Start and Early Head Start program administrators in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and six U.S. territories (American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands). This universe also includes administrators of American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) Head Start and Early Head Start and Migrants and Seasonal Head Start (MSHS) programs. Head Start programs are in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and all territories. However, American Samoa, Guam, and Palau do not have Early Head Start programs and the Northern Mariana Islands began an Early Head Start program mid-way through the 2014-2015 program year (and therefore not all data are available). Many MSHS programs operate across

multiple states making it difficult to ascertain the precise number of children enrolled in MSHS in each state. Therefore, this report only presents data on MSHS at the national level. AIAN programs may also operate across multiple states. In the current report, AIAN data is reported based on the state in which the grantee is based. AIAN Head Start programs are based in 26 states (AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, KS, ME, MI, MN, MS, MT, NE, NV, NM, NY, NC, ND, OK, OR, SC, SD, TX, UT, WA, WI, and WY). AIAN Early Head Start programs are based in 19 states (AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, KS, MI, MN, MS, MT, NM, NC, ND, OK, OR, SD, WA, WI, and WY).

HEAD START PROGRAMS

This report includes information on five types of Head Start programs:

STATE(S) OF HEAD STARTMETHODOLOGY

478

1. HeadStart(HS):Serveschildren3-to5-years-oldduringthetwoyearsbeforekindergarten

2.EarlyHeadStart(EHS):Serveschildrenbirththroughage3andpregnantwomen

3.AmericanIndianandAlaskaNativeHeadStart(HSAIAN)

4.AmericanIndianandAlaskaNativeEarlyHeadStart(EHSAIAN)

5.MigrantandSeasonalHeadStart(MSHS):Serveschildrenbirththroughage5

Throughoutthisreportdataonthesedifferentprogramsarereportedbothseparatelyandtogetherasnotedinthe“GuidetotheStateProfiles”sectionofthereport.Inmostofthereport,HSandHSAIANarecombinedasaredataforEHSandEHSAIAN.Somesectionscombinedataacrossthesefourprograms.MSHSdataarereportedseparatelyontheMSHSpages.AIANdataisalsoreportedseparatelyontheAIANpages.Thenationaloverviewpresentsdatafromallfiveprogramtypes:thefirsttwopagesofthenationaloverviewincludedatafromallfiveprogramtypes.ThenexttwopagesincludedataonlyonEHSandEHSAIANandthelasttwopagesincludedataonlyonHSandHSAIAN.MSHSprogramsarenotincludedintheselastfourpagesbecausedataarenotbrokendownintoprogramsforinfantsandtoddlersandpreschool-agechildren.Rather,informationonMSHSstaffandprogramdurationandtypeisreportedseparatelyintheMSHSsection.

STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY

Thisisauniversedatacollection,employingdatapreviouslycollectedfromsurveysofHeadStartprograms.AllHeadStartprogramsareincludedinthedata.Becausethedatacollectionisbasedonauniverseofsamplemembers,weightingadjustmentsandadjustmentstovariancesforstatisticalpurposesarenotnecessary.

DATA SOURCES

Program Information Report: TheprimarysourceofdatafortheState(s) of Head StartreportistheOfficeofHeadStartProgramInformationReport(PIR).1Eachyearallfederally-fundedHeadStartgranteesanddelegates(includingHS,EHS,HSAIAN,EHSAIAN,andMSHS)arerequiredtocompletethePIRquestionnaire.TheannualsurveycollectsdataonthechildrenandfamiliesservedbyHeadStart,programstaff,andservicesprovided.PIRdatafor2007-2008through2014-2015weredownloaded

fromtheHeadStartEnterpriseSystem(HSES)inNovember,2015.Dataforthe2006-2007programyearwerepreviouslydownloadedinDecember2007.(DatafromthisyearwerenotavailableinthenewerPIRformat).Somedataforthe2007-2008programyearweredownloadedpreviouslyinDecember,2008.SomenationalleveldataweredownloadedfromtheHSESasreportsinfall2016.Datawereaggregatedfromtheindividualprogramtostatelevelforanalysis.

Administration for Children and Families:TheOfficeofHeadStartintheAdministrationforChildrenandFamilies(ACF)providedNIEERwithadditionalHeadStartdataforthisreport.Foreachprogramyear,theyprovidedthenumberoffundedHeadStartandEarlyHeadStartslotsineachstateandterritory.Theyfurtherseparatedthisintofederally-fundedslotsandstatesupplementalslots.Inaddition,theyprovidedNIEERwiththetotalenrollmentforHSAIAN,EHSAIAN,andMSHS.In2013-2014and2014-2015,theyalsoprovidedtheHSAIANfundedenrollmentineachstate.

ACFalsoprovidedthetotalfederalfundingforHS,EHS,HSAIAN,EHSAIAN,andMSHSeachyear.From2006-2007though2010-2011,ACFcouldnotdisaggregatefundingintoHSandEHSduetoresourcesandchangesindatasystems.Beginningwiththe2011-2012programyear,fundingwasreportedseparatelyforHSandEHSprograms.HSandEHSfundingwereprovidedforeachstateandterritory.MSHSandEHSAIANfundingwereprovidedatthenationallevelonly.HSAIANfundingwasprovidedbystatein2013-2014and2014-2015;dataforotheryearswereprovidedatthenationallevelonly.

ACFprovidedaveragescoresineachstateontheClassroomAssessmentScoringSystem(CLASS).2CLASSscoresarefromHeadStart’son-sitereviewofgranteesaspartofthegrantrenewalprocess.Withineachstate,CLASSscoreswereaveragedacrossgranteeswhoreceivedaCLASSobservationandoveryears(between2012and2015).Notallgranteesarerepresented.MeansandstandarddeviationsforthethreeCLASSdomains(EmotionalSupport,ClassroomOrganization,andInstructionalSupport)andthenumberofgranteesthatreceivedaCLASSobservationwereprovidedtoNIEER.

Finally,ACFprovidedNIEERwithinformationonthepercentofHSchildrenwhoreceivedatleast1,020hoursofHSserviceseachyear.

479

OTHER DATA SOURCES:

Census:U.S.Censusdatawereusedtodeterminethenumberofchildrenbysingleyearofageineachstateforeachyearcoveredbythisreport.3DatafromtheU.S.CensusAmericanCommunitySurvey,three-yearestimates,wereusedtodeterminethenumberofchildrenbysingleyearofagewhowerelivingbelow100percentand200percentoftheFPL.4Childrenbelow200percentoftheFPLwereconsideredtobe“low-income”forthepurposesofthisreport.Andchildrenbelow100percentoftheFPLwereconsideredtobe“inpoverty.”Thepercentofchildrenbelow200percentoftheFPLwasapproximatelydoublethepercentofchildrenbelow100percentoftheFPL.

Thenumberofchildrenbysingleyearofageforeachterritory(otherthanPuertoRico)wasretrievedfromtheInternationalCensus,Mid-yearpopulationbySingleYearAgeGroups.5The2010Censuswasusedtoestimatethepercentoflow-incomechildrenintheterritories,usinginformationaboutthepercentoffamilieslivingbelowthefederalpovertylevel.6ThisdatawasnotavailableforPalau.ThenumberofchildrenandthenumberofchildrenlivingbelowthepovertylineinPuertoRicowasobtainedfromthePuertoRicoCensus.7

Public School Teacher Salary:TheNationalEducationAssociation Rankings & Estimates 2016reportwasusedtodeterminetheaveragesalaryofelementaryschoolteachersinpublicschools.8Thisdatawasnotavailablefortheterritories.

State Supplemental Head Start Funding:TheEducationCommissionontheStatesreport,State Pre-K Funding: 2014-15 Fiscal Year,9andinformationcollecteddirectlyfromstatesaspartofthe2015 State of Preschool Yearbook10wereusedtodeterminetheamountofsupplementalfundingforHeadStartprovidedbyeachstate.

Cost Adjustments: AStateCostIndexwasusedtoadjustfundingineachstatetoaccountforcostofeducationdifferencesacrossstates.Thiscostindexwasbasedon2014updatesbyoneoftheoriginalauthorsofthe2006statecostindexfromtheInstituteofEducationSciencesreport,AComparableWageApproachtoGeographicCostAdjustment.11

Inflation Adjustment:Spendingdatafrom2007through2014wasadjustedto2015dollarsusinginflationadjustersfromtheU.S.OfficeofManagementandBudget.ThechaineddeflatorsfortheGrossDomesticProduct,totalnon-defense,from2007through2015wereused.12

CALCULATIONS OF STATE AND NATIONAL DATA

Bothfunded enrollmentandcumulative enrollmentofchildrenandpregnantwomenarepresentedinthisreport.Funded enrollmentreferstothenumberofslotsthateachHeadStartprogramisfundedtoprovide.Cumulative enrollmentreferstothetotalnumberofchildrenandpregnantwomenwhoattendHeadStartduringtheprogramyear.Cumulativeenrollmentistypicallylargerthanfundedenrollmentasmultiplechildrenmaybeenrolledinthesameslotduringdifferentpartsoftheyear.Thatis,cumulativeenrollmentreflectsallchildrenwhomoveinandoutoftheprogramduringtheprogramyear.

ThePIRdataincludesthenumberofchildren,families,andteachersineachprogramwhohavevariouscharacteristicsandqualificationsand/orwhoreceivedspecificHeadStartservices.Forthepurposesofthisreport,thenumberofchildren,families,andteachersweresummedacrossallprogramsinastatetocalculatethetotalforeachstate.Next,thepercentageofchildren,families,orteachersineachstatemeetingeachcriterionwascalculatedbydividingbythetotalnumberofchildren,families,orteachers.Allpercentagesareroundedtothenearestwholenumberandpercentageslessthan0.5areroundedto0.

Fundedenrollmentwasnotprovidedbysingleyearofage.Therefore,federally-fundedenrollmentbyagewasestimatedbasedontheproportionofthecumulativeenrollmentthatwaseitherunder1-,1-,2-,3-,4-or5-years-old.13Inthisreport,weconsidera3-year-oldtobesomeoneeligibletoattendkindergartentwoyearsfromnow.(Forexample,a3-year-oldinthe2014-2015programyearwouldbeeligibletoattendkindergartenin2016-2017.)A4-year-oldiseligibletoattendkindergartenduringthefollowingyear.BecauseHSisintendedtoserve3-and4-year-olds,wecounted2-year-oldsinHSas3-year-olds;andwecounted5-year-oldsas4-year-olds.Similarly,sinceEHSisintendedtoserveinfantsandtoddlers,weconsidered3-year-oldsenrolledinEHStobeunder3yearsold.ForMSHS,0-,1-,and2-year-oldswereconsideredtobeunder3yearsoldand5-year-oldswereconsideredtobe4-year-olds.

Thepercentagesofchildrenunder3years,3yearsold,and4yearsoldineachstatewhowereenrolledinHeadStartwerecalculatedbydividingbythetotalnumberofchildrenunder3,3yearsold,and4yearsold(respectively)inthestatebasedoncensusdata.Similarcalculationsweredonetodeterminethepercentofchildrenfromlow-incomefamiliesin

480

eachstateenrolledinHeadStart.Here,thenumberofchildrenlivingbelow200percentoftheFPLwasused,basedondatafromthecensus.HeadStartenrollmentasapercentofchildreninpovertyineachstatewascalculatedbydividingthenumberofchildrenenrolledinHeadStartbythenumberofchildrenlivingbelow100percentoftheFPL.

Fundingperchildineachstatewascalculatedbydividingthefederalfundinginthatstatebythenumberoffederally-fundedslots.Spendingperchildforthe2014-2015programyearwasadjustedfordifferencesincostoflivingineachstateusingastatecostindexsothatstate-to-statecomparisonscouldbemadeonthesamescale.Fundingperchildfrom2007through2014wasadjustedforinflationsothatallfundingperchildamountsarepresentedin2015dollarstoshowhowspendinghaschangedin“real”dollars.

Research-basedthresholdsforeachofthethreeCLASSdomainsweredeterminedbyNIEERinconsultationwiththeauthorsoftheinstrumentandbasedonrecentresearchfindingsregardingthelevelofqualityineachdomainneededtosupportlearning

andpositivedevelopmentaloutcomes.AverageCLASSscoresfromevaluationsofpubliclyfundedpreschoolprogramsandHeadStartFACESwerealsoconsideredindeterminingthethresholds.Forthisreport,theresearch-basedthresholdsareasfollows:InstructionalSupport:3;EmotionalSupport:5.5;andClassroomOrganization:5.5.

Onesamplet-testswereconductedinStataversion14todetermine,ineachstate,ifaveragescoresoneachCLASSscoredomain(1)werestatisticallysignificantlylowerthantheresearch-basedthreshold,(2)statisticallyindistinguishablefromtheresearch-basedthreshold,or(3)statisticallysignificantlyhigherthantheresearch-basedthreshold.StatesweredeterminedtohaveCLASSscoressignificantlyhigherorlowerthantheresearch-basedthresholdifp<0.05.

DatafromthePIRprovidedaveragesalariesforallteachersandassistantteachersaswellasaveragesalariesforteachersbydegreequalifications(Advanceddegree,BA,AA,CDA,andnoECE-relatedcredentials).ToestimatetheaveragesalaryforteacherswithanadvanceddegreeorBA(BAor

481

higher), a weighted average based on the average salary for teachers with a BA and advanced degree and the number of teachers with an advanced degree and BA was computed. A similar procedure was followed to calculate the average salary for teachers with a CDA or no ECE-related credentials. These averages were calculated separately for HS and EHS teachers.

Using data from the State of Preschool Yearbook,14 the percent of children in each state enrolled in Head Start or state-funded preschool was calculated. As part of the Yearbook data collection, some states reported the number of children enrolled in state-funded preschool and Head Start. When this information was available, an unduplicated percentage was calculated. National averages on the state profiles and in the text of the report include the 50 states, District of Columbia, U.S. Territories, and AIAN programs (unless otherwise noted). National averages in the Figures (pages 25 to 44) do not include the U.S. Territories.

DETERMINATION OF HEAD START FUNDING NEEDED

To calculate the funding needed to serve 50 percent of all low-income 3- and 4-year-olds (or the equivalent of all 3- and 4-year-olds in poverty) in each state in Head Start, a per child funding amount of $10,000 was assumed to be needed to provide high-quality services for 1,020 hours per year. The $10,000 per child amount was adjusted to account for cost differences in each state (since $10,000 goes further in some states than others). The adjusted spending per child in each state was multiplied by the number of low-income 3- and 4-year-olds in that state to calculate the total funding needed to serve all low-income 3- and 4-year-olds per state. This number was divided by 2 to get the funding needed to serve 50 percent of all low-income 3- and 4-year-olds. To determine the additional funding needed to serve 50 percent of low-income 3- and 4-year-olds in each state, the current HS funding in each state was subtracted from this number.

1 Head Start Program Information Reports (PIR) for 2006-2007 through 2014-2015.

2 Pianta, R. C., LaParo, K. M., & Hamre, B. K. (2008). Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.

3 U.S. Census Population Estimates, Single Year of Age and Sex Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 - Civilian. 6 race groups. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/asrh/2014/SC-EST2014-ALLDATA6.html

4 American Community Survey, PUMS Data 2000-current. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data/pums.html

5 United States Census Bureau, International Programs. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/region.php

6 2010 Census Island Areas. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/2010census/news/press-kits/island-areas/island-areas.html

7 U.S. Census Bureau, American Fact Finder. Retrieved from http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk and http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_14_5YR_B17001&prodType=table

8 National Education Association (2016). Rankings & Estimates: Rankings of the States 2015 and Estimates of School Statistics 2016. Retrieved from http://www.nea.org/assets/docs/2016_NEA_Rankings_And_Estimates.pdf

9 Atchison, B., & Workman, E. (2015). State Pre-K Funding: 2014-15 Fiscal Year. Denver, CO: Education Commission on the States. Retrieved from http://www.ecs.org/clearinghouse/01/16/97/11697.pdf

10 Barnett, W. S., Friedman-Krauss, A. H., Gomez, R. E., Horowitz, M., Weisenfeld, G. G., Brown, K., & Squires, J. H. (2016). State of Preschool Yearbook. New Brunswick, NJ: National Institute for Early Education Research.

11 Taylor, L. (2014). Extending the NCES CWI. The Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University.

12 U.S. Office of Management and Budget. Table 10.1 - Gross Domestic Product and Deflators Used in the Historical Tables: 1940-2021. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/Historicals

13 As a result of rounding, enrollment numbers by age may not always add up to the total enrollment.

14 Barnett, W. S. et al. (2016).

FOOTNOTES

NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR EARLY EDUCATION RESEARCHRutgers, The State University of New Jersey

73 Easton AvenueNew Brunswick, NJ 08901-1879

848.932.4350 • nieer.org

Documents

State(s) of Head Start...6 Head Start Staff: • Almost 30 percent of Early Head Start teachers had a bachelor’s degree (BA) or higher in ECE or a related field, a 6 percentage point