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Parallel Accounting in SAP
Product Management Financials
January, 2014
Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP
Account Approach
versus
Ledger Approach
in SAP New General Ledger
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 2 Public
Structure of the Presentation
Aims of this presentation:
Provide a short introduction to how parallel accounting can be portrayed using
Classic General Ledger Accounting
New General Ledger Accounting
Cover the relevant topics in terms of other SAP ERP components.
Parallel accounting is discussed in detail for the following recommended
approaches:
Chart of accounts approach (or parallel G/L accounts referred to here as the account approach)
Ledger approach in new General Ledger Accounting
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 3 Public
Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP
Portrayal of Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP
Components
Financial Acounting
Asset Accounting
Controlling
Material Management
Others
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 4 Public
Alternatives of implementing parallel accounting
Local Close SAP R/3
(Classic GL)
SAP ERP
(New GL)
Parallel ledgers X
Parallel accounts X X
Parallel special purpose ledgers X X
Parallel company codes X X
Recommended approaches
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 5 Public
Alternatives of implementing parallel accounting
In new General Ledger Accounting in SAP ERP, the approaches using parallel ledgers or parallel accounts are equivalent in terms of the results produced. Which
approach is applied depends on each customer's situation.
Parallel accounts in SAP ERP prove just as powerful as parallel accounts in classic General Ledger Accounting in SAP R/3.
Parallel ledgers in SAP ERP are much better than the combination of classic General Ledger Accounting and Special Purpose Ledgers in SAP R/3.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 6 Public
Parallel GL Accounts
Items with significant valuation differences are posted to different accounts. Each valuation
has its own set of pure accounts.
Common accounts are used where no material valuation differences occur.
It is advisable to have clearly discernable account number ranges or distinguishing digits or
letters to distinguish among sets of accounts.
Since each set must be in balance, extra care must be taken to ensure correct account
determination: establish an accounting guideline!
Common
Accounts
Pure IFRS
Accounts
Pure
Local GAAP
Accounts
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 7 Public
Parallel G/L-Accounts
Options for creating charts of accounts:
Prefix and account number or last digit of the account number
Prefix: Alphanumeric or numeric
Account Number Suffix
A 1 0 xxxxxx Common accounts
0
B 2 1 xxxxxx IFRS accounts 1
C 3 2 xxxxxx Local accounts 2
Common accounts retain a 0, but all local valuation accounts have
to be created again and can be transferred manually (with the
exception of FI-AA)
A prefix is added to all account numbers. Chart of accounts is
converted using the chart of accounts conversion tool.
IFRS Reporting 0 common accounts and
1 IFRS accounts
Local Reporting 0 common accounts and
2 local accounts
=> Validation of the layer is
useful for postings
using the same valuation
approach and values
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 8 Public
Local GAAP IFRS Common Accounts
Fixed Asssets
FC Losses
Vendor
(Payable)
Customer
(Receivable)
B/S
P
/L
FC Gains Sales Electricity
Revenue Fix Asset
Retirement Clearing Account Fix Asset
Retirement
Clearing Account Fix Asset
Retirement
Other Provisions Other Provisions Fixed Assets
FC Losses
Balance
Carryforward
Local Accounts
Balance
Carryforward
Common Accounts
Balance
Carryforward
IFRS Accounts 2 ... 0 ... 1...
FC Gains
Parallel G/L-Accounts
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 9 Public
Parallel Ledgers
International accounting principle for example IFRS is primary valuation represented by the leading ledger.
Local GAAP books are maintained in an additional non-leading ledger Non-leading ledgers can use a different fiscal year variant. (For restrictions on this, see SAP Note 844029).
Same Accounts are used for all ledgers
Example:
Leading Ledger
(IFRS)
Non-Leading Ledger 1 (Local GAAP)
Non-Leading Ledger 2
(Tax)
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 10 Public
Parallel Ledgers Operative postings updating all G/L ledgers
If no ledger group is specified during document entry: Posting is done to all defined GL ledgers
Typical Transactions: incoming invoice, outgoing invoice, payment
Ledger A
(IFRS)
(leading ledger)
Ledger B
(Local GAAP)
Ledger C
(Tax)
Entry View
BKPF / BSEG
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 11 Public
Parallel Ledgers Operative postings updating all G/L ledgers
Specifying a ledger group during document entry: Posting is done to specific ledgers
Typical Transactions: Accrual, provision, foreign currency valuation
Ledger A
(IFRS)
(leading ledger)
Ledger B
(Local GAAP)
Ledger C
(Tax)
Entry View
BKPF / BSEG
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 12 Public
1. Same approach and valuation
=> One posting to common accounts or in all ledgers
Example: Incoming invoice for external activities
Expenses: Ext. Activities
(1) 1000
Payables
1160 (1)
Tax
(1) 160 One common
posting
Approach and Valuation effect on number of postings Same approach and valuation
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 13 Public
2. Same approach but different valuation
=> Separate postings to local and IFRS accounts or ledgers respectively
Example: Depreciation or reserves for pensions
Expenses: Pensions
Local GAAP
(2) 1000
Expenses: Pensions
IFRS
(3) 500
Accruals
Local GAAP
1000 (2)
Accruals
IFRS 500 (3)
Two complete
postings, made
separately for
each valuation
Approach and Valuation effect on number of postings Same approach but different valuation
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 14 Public
3. Different approaches
=> Only one posting to local or IFRS accounts or ledgers
Examples: (1) Posting only relevant for IFRS: Financial Leasing
(2) Posting only relevant for local GAAP: Provisions for expenses
Financial Leasing
Depreciation
IFRS (1) 1000
Financial Leasing
IFRS
1000 (1) Only one
posting
Expense
Local GAAP
(2) 2000
Provision for Expenses
Local GAAP
2000 (2) Only one
posting
Approach and Valuation effect on number of postings Different approaches
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 15 Public
Delta Postings or Complete Postings Example: Complete Posting
FI-AA uses two depreciation areas:
01 contains IFRS
30 contains local valuation
Scenario: Two valuation approaches with IFRS as leading approach
For December 2013, the following depreciation is made:
01 IFRS EUR 1000
30 Local EUR 600
With a complete posting, the postings appear as follows:
Debit "IFRS Depreciation" 1000
Credit "IFRS Value Adjustment" 1000
Debit "Local Valuation: Depreciation" 600
Credit "Local Valuation: Value Adjustment" 600
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 16 Public
Delta Postings or Complete Postings Example: Delta Posting
With delta postings, the following postings are made:
Debit "IFRS Depreciation" 1000
Credit "IFRS Value Adjustment" 1000
Credit "Local Valuation: Depreciation" 400
Debit "Local Valuation: Value Adjustment" 400
In this case, the local posting corrects existing values.
The delta posting is only meaningful in combination with the initial posting.
Posting data cannot be traced without additional information.
Should tax auditors also be able to see the IFRS values?
The delta technique is not recommended and not well supported by automated procedures in SAP ERP.
Portrayal of Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP
Components
Financial Accounting
Asset Accounting
Controlling
Material Management
Others
Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP 6.17
Foreign Currency Valuation
Translation
Individual Value Adjustment
Sorting Open Items
Down Payments
Provisions Created Automatically
Provisions Created Manually
Accruals/Deferrals
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 18 Public
Foreign Currency Valuation (FAGL_FC_VALUATION)
Receivables, Payables, foreign currency balance sheet accounts may be valuated
differently on the basis of different accounting principles.
Account approach
A valuation area is assigned to certain target accounts that belong to the specific accounting principle.
The valuation report (Classic G/L -> SAPF100, New G/L -> FAGL_FC_Valuation) has to be run for each valuation area.
Ledger approach
Determination of the ledger group using the assignment of the valuation area to an accounting principle that is assigned to a target ledger group.
N:1 N:1
Valuation area ----> Accounting principle ----> Ledger group
The valuation report (FAGL_FC_Valuation) has to be run for each valuation area.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 19 Public
Foreign Currency Valuation in FI-CA
In the FI-CA application component, open items that are posted in a foreign currency may
be valuated using different accounting views.
Account approach
Customizing in FI-CA: Assignment of the adjustment accounts to a valuation area
The valuation report has to be run for each valuation area.
Ledger approach
Customizing in FI-CA: Assignment of the adjustment accounts to a valuation area. N:1
Valuation area ----> Ledger group
The valuation report has to be run for each valuation area.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 20 Public
Flat-Rate Individual Value Adjustment (SAPF107)
Receivables (where applicable, payables) can be valuated differently by number of days
overdue and risk classes in accordance with different accounting principles.
Account approach: Assignment of different accounts using valuation areas. Run Transaction F107 for each valuation area.
Ledger approach: Assignment of ledger group using valuation areas N:1 N:1
Valuation area ----> Accounting principle ----> Ledger group
Run Transaction F107 for each valuation area.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 21 Public
Translation (FAGL_FC_TRANSLATION)
Receivables/Payables
FAS 52 requires that the valuation result in the functional currency be translated into the
reporting currency.
Account approach:
Assignment of different accounts depending on the valuation area.
The program is run for each valuation area.
Ledger approach in new General Ledger Accounting:
Assignment of valuation area to accounting principle to ledger group N:1 N:1
Valuation area ----> Accounting principle ----> Ledger group
The program is run for each valuation area.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 22 Public
Individual Value Adjustment of Receivables
Receivables can be transferred as doubtful receivables (special G/L transaction).
Transaction FAGLF101 in New G/L has to be run for each valuation area.
In Classic G/L transaction F103 has to be run for each provision method.
Account approach:
The special G/L transaction represents a type of account approach.
Ledger approach:
Provision methods can be defined by valuation area. N:1 N:1
Valuation area ----> Accounting principle ----> Ledger group
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 23 Public
Parallel Accounting in FI - Sorting Open Items by Maturity
Receivables (where applicable, payables) can be portrayed by remaining term on
different balance sheet items in accordance with different accounting principles (transfer
posting).
Transaction FAGLF101 in New G/L has to be run for each valuation area.
In Classic G/L transaction F101 has to be run for each valuation area.
Account approach: Assignment of different accounts using valuation areas.
Ledger approach Assignment of ledger group using valuation areas
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 24 Public
Down Payments Received
In the results analysis, different results analysis versions can be used to view down payments
differently. For example, down payments that have already been received can be considered
revenue in results analysis and thereby reduce the revenue in excess of billings. This is
achieved in transaction OKG3 by setting the "Commitments" indicator (methods G-K).
With the "G" indicator, two results analysis categories are calculated and updated: category
ANKB (down payments reduce revenue in excess of billings) and category ANUS (down
payment surplus). When down payments reduce revenue in excess of billings, the amount of
the down payment cannot exceed the amount of revenue in excess of billings. The portion of the
down payment amount exceeding the revenue in excess of billings is transferred as down
payment surplus. In both cases, postings can be made to FI during the settlement of the
order/project.
Account approach: Assignment of different accounts in Posting rules in WIP Calculation and Results Analysis (OKG8)
Ledger approach Assignment of accounting principle in Posting rules in WIP Calculation and Results Analysis (OKG8)
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 25 Public
Provisions from Controlling
For internal orders, sales orders, and projects carrying revenues, provisions can be created by means of results analysis or WIP calculation.
Provisions are created for probable losses when the plan costs exceed the planned revenue. In the subsequent periods, these provisions are automatically used until the complete amount has been realized as a loss.
Provisions are created for uncovered costs when the calculated cost of sales exceeds the actual costs (using results analysis) or when the credit amount exceeds the actual costs due to goods receipts (WIP calculation). In the subsequent periods, these provisions are automatically used whenever subsequent costs are incurred. The provisions are cancelled upon order completion.
Provisions for complaints and commission are created on the basis of planned costs for specific cost elements. In the subsequent periods, these provisions are automatically used whenever costs are incurred for these cost elements.
For all of these provisions, postings are created automatically in FI during settlement (managed in transaction OKG8). A results analysis version can be created for each accounting principle. In this way, the different results analysis versions can be used to create different amounts of provisions that can then be used or cancelled when the order attains different statuses.
With IFRS, results analysis is also used to make revenue postings (revenues in excess of billings) automatically on the basis of the percentage of completion. If the revenues that are actually made exceed the revenues determined, the revenue surplus is calculated and transferred to FI as a provision.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 26 Public
Manual Accruals/Deferrals (Transaction ACACACT)
Accruals and deferrals need to be allocated to the relevant periods. The use of parallel
accounting may mean that different accrual/deferral postings need to be made, depending on
the accounting principle.
Account approach: Assignment of the accounts to a set of rules (such as accrual type)
The program (periodic accrual run) is run for each accrual type.
Ledger approach in new General Ledger Accounting: Assignment of the accrual method to the accounting principle (determination of the
ledger group)
The program is run for each accounting principle.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 27 Public
Doubtful Receivables (SAPF103 and SAPF104 or FAGL_DR_PROVISION (New G/L with EhP3)
Receivables sometimes need to be portrayed as doubtful receivables. SAPF103 selects the
overdue receivables and posts them as doubtful receivables across multiple ledgers (special
G/L transaction). SAPF104 or FAGL_DR_PROVISION (which replaces SAPF104 in New G/L
Accounting with EHP3) creates postings for doubtful receivables on provision accounts.
SAPF104 (account approach only) Customizing: Assignment of accounts to transaction key (KTOSL)
The program is run for each provision method (period selection).
FAGL_DR_PROVISION Account approach
Assignment of account to provision method
The program is run for each valuation area and provision method.
Ledger approach
Assignment of accounts to valuation area and provision method
The program is run for each valuation area and provision method.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 28 Public
Provisions (Manual Posting in Financial Accounting)
It may be necessary for specific transactions (such as legal costs or acquisition
costs) to be posted as provisions.
Account approach:
Manual posting of provision amounts on different provision accounts
Ledger approach in new General Ledger Accounting:
With ERP 6.0 EHP3, manual processing of provisions (that is, manual posting and
clearing) for each ledger (only G/L accounts)
Portrayal of Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP
Components
Financial Accounting
Asset Accounting
Controlling
Material Management
Others
Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP 6.17
Depreciation Areas
Valuation Decisions
G/L Integration
CO Integration
Fiscal Year Variants
Processes:
- Asset Aquisition with
valuation differences
- Depreciation
- Integrated Asset
Retirement
- Assets under Construction
- Low Value Assets
SAP ERP 5.00 ff.
SAP ERP 6.17 FI-AA (new)
Smart Financials
under covering
Portrayal of Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP
Components
Financial Accounting
Asset Accounting
Controlling
Material Management
Others
Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP 6.17
Activation of Costs:
Percentage of Completion / Revenue in excess of billings
vs.
Completed Contract Work in Progress (WIP)
Parallel Valuation of Costs of Goods Manufactured (COGM)
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Parallel Accounting in Controlling One version of truth in CO - Parallel Valuation via CO closing processes
Usually only the leading ledger representing group accounting integrates with CO. Thereby a consistent set of data all over the group for accounting and management
reporting purposes is ensured with the following benefits:
Data for controlling is derived from internationally comparable numbers which are unique within the group.
Internationally comparable numbers are represented by the leading ledger.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 32 Public
Cost Accounting: Value Flow
Payroll
Period End Closing / Settlement / ML valuation run:
- Collection of primary and secondary costs by object
- Specification of amount of costs to be activated in B/S (such as WIP)
Time
sheet FI Logistics
Cost Object Accounting
Cost Element Accounting
Cost Center Accounting
Costs for services
Material costs
Personnel costs
Str
uctu
rin
g b
y
Co
st E
lem
en
t
Structuring costs by
Functional Area
Co
st C
en
ter A
Co
st C
en
ter B
..
Balance Sheet (B/S) parallel valuation via
WIP multiple results analysis versions
Stocks material ledger: Valuation run / AVR
Assets under Construction multiple capitalization versions
Income Statement (P&L)
Revenue in excess of billings results analysis versions
Cost of Goods Sold (CoGS) results analysis versions
FI-AA (depreciation)
IF
RS
Lo
ca
l G
AA
P
Tax
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 33 Public
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Necessity of parallel accounting in CO
Usually only the leading ledger shall post to CO to have a consistent set of data all over the group for accounting and management reporting purposes.
Data for controlling should be derived from international comparable numbers within the group.
Usually the internationally comparable numbers are represented by the leading ledger.
But there are some countries that require actual costs based on their country specific law.
Brazil Russia Turkey
Also one industry specific regulation in USA is requiring actual costs FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission)
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 34 Public
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Parallel Valuation of Costs of Goods Manufactured (CoGM)
Different depreciation values (according to two different accounting principles) can be transferred into Cost Center Accounting.
The depreciation costs can be included in the activity rates for the work performed and in the costs of goods manufactured, both of which are calculated at period close.
Ledger groups / accounts in FI-GL with inventory values calculated according to two different valuation methods, can be updated. For example,
CO Version 0 represents the leading valuation (IFRS) Actual costs are calculated using the periodic costing run and update inventory values in the leading ledger in FI-
GL.
Second CO Version represents the local valuation (GAAP), Actual costs are calculated using an alternative valuation run and update inventory values in the local
ledger in FI-GL.
.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 35 Public
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Parallel Valuation of Costs of Goods Manufactured (CoGM)
If your leading valuation is based on standard costs and your local valuation based on actual
costs then
CO Version 0 represents the leading valuation (IFRS) and is used to determine the standard costs.
The second CO Version represents the local valuation (GAAP). Here you can use the periodic costing run to update the inventory values in the local ledger in FI-GL.
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 36 Public
Cost Accounting with parallel valuation of COGM: Value Flow
Period End Closing / Settlement / ML valuation run:
- Collection of primary and secondary costs by object
- Specification of amount of costs to be activated in B/S (such as WIP)
Cost Object Accounting
Cost Element Accounting
Cost Center Accounting
Structuring costs by
Type (Cost Element)
Valuation (Version)
Functional Area
Organization (Cost Center
Balance Sheet (B/S) parallel valuation via
WIP multiple results analysis versions
Stocks material ledger: Valuation run / AVR
Assets under Construction multiple capitalization versions
Income Statement (P&L)
Revenue in excess of billings results analysis versions
Cost of Goods Sold (CoGS) results analysis versions
IF
RS
Lo
ca
l G
AA
P
Tax
FI-AA (perform depreciation run) FI
Ldg-Grp
0L IFRS)
Ldg-Grp N
(LGAAP)) Ldg-Grp
0L IFRS)
Ldg-Grp N
(LGAAP))
Version 0
(legal Valuation)
Version N
(parallel
COGM)
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 37 Public
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Value Flow for Parallel Valuation of CoGM
Controlling Update of Depreciation Expenses by Cost
Center and Version
Actual Costing Periodic Costing Run
Updates either leading valuation or local valuation*
Version 0
(legal)
(Actual rate)
Version N
(par. COGM) (Actual rate)
Actual Costing Alternative Valuation Run
Updates local valuation if both valuations use actual costs*
Depreciation Area 01
(IFRS)
Asset Accounting Perform Depreciation Run
Version 0
(legal valuation)
Ledger 0L
(IFRS)
Version N
Depreciation Area 02
(Local GAAP)
Ledger N
(Local GAAP)
(parallel COGM)
Version N
(par. COGM)
(Actual rate)
Controlling Direct Activity Allocation at
standard; Actual Rate
Calculated at Period Close
Version 0
(legal)
(Actual rate)
Version 0
(legal)
(Standard rate)
Version N
(par. COGM)
(Actual rate) OR
X
X
Y
Y
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 38 Public
Business Requirement: Parallel reporting according to multiple accounting principles to reflect results of
different depreciation rules and for activation of costs in inventory and valuation of cost of goods sold
Solution: Post depreciation to cost centers into parallel actual versions in CO, calculate actual activity rates
based on depreciation, calculate parallel actual material prices in material ledger and revaluate inventory
and costs of goods sold.
Allows global manufacturing organizations to set activity
prices that take account of depreciation according to IFRS
and local GAAP
In previous releases, only the values in the leading ledger
were transferred to controlling. Other values were
unavailable for controlling and therefore could not be used
to determine activity prices and update inventory values
for the goods manufactured.
Customer business challenges Business value
Asset Accountant Financial Accountant Controller
Post
depreciation to
cost centers
Post manual
adjustments to
cost centers
Calculate
actual activity
rates
Calculate actual
material prices/
revalue CoGS
Controller
Post depreciation in parallel valuation
areas to different versions in CO.
In CO parallel actual versions can be defined for up to 3 parallel valuations (valuations 5, 6 and 7).
Operational postings are posted to all valuations
Some closing activities can post to a specific valuation
Parallel actual valuations can be assigned to a valuation area of a valuation plan in asset accounting
Depreciation is posted by depreciation run to cost centers with parallel values from parallel valuation areas.
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Parallel Valuation of Costs of Goods Manufactured (CoGM)
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 39 Public
Business Requirement: Parallel reporting according to multiple accounting principles to reflect results of
different depreciation rules and for activation of costs in inventory and valuation of cost of goods sold
Solution: Post depreciation to cost centers into parallel actual versions in CO, calculate actual activity rates
based on depreciation, calculate parallel actual material prices in material ledger and revaluate inventory
and costs of goods sold.
Allows global manufacturing organizations to set activity
prices that take account of depreciation according to IFRS
and local GAAP
In previous releases, only the values in the leading ledger
were transferred to controlling. Other values were
unavailable for controlling and therefore could not be used
to determine activity prices and update inventory values
for the goods manufactured.
Customer business challenges Business value
Asset Accountant Financial Accountant Controller
Post
depreciation to
cost centers
Post manual
adjustments to
cost centers
Calculate
actual activity
rates
Calculate actual
material prices/
revalue CoGS
Controller
Post other valuation differences manually to cost center
in parallel actual versions only for parallel ledgers, not available for multiple account approach
Ledger group specific postings (transaction FB50L) can be used to post other costs with valuation differences to cost
centers
Ledger group is assigned to accounting principle
Accounting principle is assigned to CO valuation
Only postings to cost centers as account assignment are allowed in ledger specific postings to parallel CO valuations
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Parallel Valuation of Costs of Goods Manufactured (CoGM)
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 40 Public
Business Requirement: Parallel reporting according to multiple accounting principles to reflect results of
different depreciation rules and for activation of costs in inventory and valuation of cost of goods sold
Solution: Post depreciation to cost centers into parallel actual versions in CO, calculate actual activity rates
based on depreciation, calculate parallel actual material prices in material ledger and revaluate inventory
and costs of goods sold.
Allows global manufacturing organizations to set activity
prices that take account of depreciation according to IFRS
and local GAAP
In previous releases, only the values in the leading ledger
were transferred to controlling. Other values were
unavailable for controlling and therefore could not be used
to determine activity prices and update inventory values
for the goods manufactured.
Customer business challenges Business value
Asset Accountant Financial Accountant Controller
Post
depreciation to
cost centers
Post manual
adjustments to
cost centers
Calculate
actual activity
rates
Calculate actual
material prices/
revalue CoGS
Controller
Calculate actual activity rates
and revaluate activity allocations for the paralle versions where needed
Actual activity rates are calculated for the leading version 0 and all parallel actual valuations in CO.
Different costs posted to cost centers in parallel CO valuations will result in different actual activity prices.
Revaluation of activity allocations from other cost centers can be activated by actual version in CO (e.g. valuation at
standard costs in version 0 vs. actual costs in parallel
version)
Only by actual activity rates the differences in costs on the cost centers can flow into inventory and cost of goods.
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Parallel Valuation of Costs of Goods Manufactured (CoGM)
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 41 Public
Business Requirement: Parallel reporting according to multiple accounting principles to reflect results of
different depreciation rules and for activation of costs in inventory and valuation of cost of goods sold
Solution: Post depreciation to cost centers into parallel actual versions in CO, calculate actual activity rates
based on depreciation, calculate parallel actual material prices in material ledger and revaluate inventory
and costs of goods sold.
Allows global manufacturing organizations to set activity
prices that take account of depreciation according to IFRS
and local GAAP
In previous releases, only the values in the leading ledger
were transferred to controlling. Other values were
unavailable for controlling and therefore could not be used
to determine activity prices and update inventory values
for the goods manufactured.
Customer business challenges Business value
Asset Accountant Financial Accountant Controller
Post
depreciation to
cost centers
Post manual
adjustments to
cost centers
Calculate
actual activity
rates
Calculate actual
material prices/
revalue CoGS
Controller
Calculate multi-level actual material prices
in Material Ledger and revaluate inventory and cost of goods sold
Calculation can be performed using the periodic costing run for the leading version 0, or if version 0 is used for reporting
at standard prices for one of the parallel actual versions.
If periodic costing run is used for version 0, parallel actual versions can be calculated with alternative valuation runs.
Actual activity rates from version are assigned to the costing runs. Cost centers are credited with the closing posting
Revaluation of Inventory and CoGS are posted to assigned ledgers/accounts the original CO object only in version 0.
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Parallel Valuation of Costs of Goods Manufactured (CoGM)
2014 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 42 Public
Parallel Accounting in Controlling Value Flow for Parallel Valuation of CoGM
Controlling Update of Depreciation Expenses by Cost
Center and Version
Actual Costing Periodic Costing Run
Updates either leading valuation or local valuation*
Version 0
(legal)
(Actual rate)
Version N
(par. COGM) (Actual rate)
Actual Costing Alternative Valuation Run
Updates local valuation if both valuations use actual costs*
Depreciation Area 01
(IFRS)
Asset Accounting Perform Depreciation Run
Version 0
(legal valuation)
Ledger 0L
(IFRS)
Version N
Depreciation Area 02
(Local GAAP)
Ledger N
(Local GAAP)
(parallel COGM)
Version N
(par. COGM)
(Actual rate)
Controlling Direct Activity Allocation at
standard; Actual Rate
Calculated at Period Close
Version 0
(legal)
(Actual rate)
Version 0
(legal)
(Standard rate)
Version N
(par. COGM)
(Actual rate) OR
X
X
Y
Y
Portrayal of Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP
Components
Financial Accounting
Asset Accounting
Controlling
Material Management
Others
Parallel Accounting in SAP ERP 6.17
Parallel Valuation of stock for different consumption sequence
assumptions (LIFO, FIFO)
Revaluation of stock, COGS and WIP via Material Ledger
Value Flow in CO and Activation of Costs:
PoC: Revenue in excess of billings
Completed Contract: Work in Progress (WIP)
Valuated Stock
Assets under Construction
Parallel Valuation of Costs of Goods Manufactured (COGM)
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Parallel Accounting in Material Management
Externally purchased goods
Parallel accounting is possible in the Materials Management (MM) application component.
Operational stock valuation in MM is done either based on standard price or on moving average price.
Parallel valuation is important on balance sheet date. On balance sheet date operational valuation has to be corrected.
Stocks have to be valuated based on a consumption sequence like FIFO valuation (first in, first out), lowest value principle or LIFO valuation (last in, first out) according to the
accounting principle.
This valuation is transferred from MM to FI
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Parallel Accounting in Material Management Externally purchased goods
Balance Sheet valuation is done by transaction MRN9.
For balance sheet valuation correction technique is used. Corrections are stored to
valuation correction accounts.
Account Solution Customizing: Valuation correction Accounts have to be assigned to a account
modification
Adequate account modification has to be selected for MRN9 Ledger Solution
Customizing: Ledger groups have to be assigned to accounting principle Valuation correction Accounts have to be assigned to a account
modification
For each Valuation Run the necessary accounting principle has to be selected
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Parallel Accounting in Material Ledger (actual costing)
In case that Material Ledger is activated a periodic unit price is calculated using the value
flows for the period. (Operational stock valuation with standard price)
Periodic actual costing run determines single and multilevel costs of all goods for each period performs revaluation of stock, costs of goods sold and WIP at actual price
according to the leading accounting principle.
Alternative valuation runs are used to perform revaluation of stock, costs of good sold and WIP according to non-leading accounting principles using alternative activity rates
and / or alternative material prices.
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Parallel Accounting in Material Ledger (actual costing)
For balance sheet valuation based on actual costs basically the non leading valuation is
done be alternative valuation run (AVR) .
Account Solution Customizing: Valuation correction Accounts have to be assigned to a account
modification
Classic AVR is used to do the necessary delta postings COGM AVR can also be used with adequate BADI (Full Postings)
Ledger Solution Customizing: Ledger groups have to be assigned to accounting principle
For classic AVR Valuation correction Accounts have to be assigned to
a account modification
For COGM AVR only the ledger group has to be assigned to an
accounting principle
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