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ERP and SAPSAP University Alliances
Version 2.01
Sumantra SarkarGeorgia State University
Robinson College of Businessg8th November, 2011
Presentation Overview
• Business Challenges• Introduction to ERP• Introduction to SAP• Sales & Distribution• Materials Management• Production Planning• Financial Accounting• Financial Accounting • Controlling
Challenges – Senior Managment
• How much AR is more than 180 days old? • Today’s total Sales Orders and Collections across North Today s total Sales Orders and Collections across NorthAmerica?
• Is the Sales from West going up / down compared to the g g p / psame time last year ?
• How much did we Purchase this year from “X” globally ?• How much “fast‐moving” Inventory do we have at the New Mexico Warehouse?
• “Inventory Turnaround Time” for class A items?• How much is today’s “Production Batch cost”?• Can my Cash‐On‐Hand last me for 15 days w/out overdraft?
MRP – MRP II ‐ ERP
Production planning within MRPII.
4ERP in retrospect
ERP
• Integrates internal and external management information across an entire organization, embracing finance/accounting, manufacturing, sales and service, etc.
• ERP systems automates activity with an integrated software application.
• The purpose is to facilitate the flow of information between all business functions inside the boundaries of the organization and manage the connections to outsidethe organization and manage the connections to outside stakeholders.
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Supply Chain Management
• defined as a set of three or more entities (organizations or individuals) directly involved in the upstream and downstream flows of products, services, finances. and/or information from a source to a customer
• Transaction flows from Supplier to Customers and vice versa
• Capture GL transactions underneath
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Revenues
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Vendor landscape
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Market share by Vendor
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Revenue by ERP Vendor
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Implementation Cost
2010 Panorama Consulting Group LLC
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ERP Failures (2010) http://www.cio.com/article/647564/Biggest_ERP_Failures_of_2010
• New York's CityTime 'disaster' ‐ CityTime, an effort by New York City to modernize its payroll system, is more of an ERP "project failure of the decade" ‐ originally budgeted at around US$60 million, but has since ballooned to a colossal $700 million‐plus
• BSkyB (BSY) gets £318 million settlement from Hewlett‐Packard/EDS (HPQ) ‐ A court found that HP's EDS division had lied about how long it would take to finish the project, which was started in 2000 and originally budgeted at £48 million. BSkyB fired EDS i 2002 d l d h j b i lf b l i l i l dEDS in 2002 and completed the job itself, but costs ultimately quintupled.
• Marin County's "rip and replace" ‐Marin County sued system integrator Deloitte Consulting in connection with the system earlier this year, saying Deloitte used the project as "a trial and error training ground"project as a trial‐and‐error training ground
• SAP settles with Waste Management ‐ One of the ugliest ERP project legal battles in memory came to an end in May, when SAP reached a settlement with trash hauler Waste Management. Waste Management originally sued SAP for fraud in March 2008 g g g yover an allegedly failed implementation of its ERP software. The company claimed it suffered significant damages, including more than US$100 million it spent on the project, as well as more than $350 million for benefits it would have gained if the f h d k d i d dsoftware had worked as intended.
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Hershey Foods Corporation (1999)
• One of the largest known project failures linked to an ERP system
• SAP was implemented in a short amount of time• The big bang approach was elected as a cutover strategyg g pp gy• Hershey lost large amounts of revenue during a high season (Halloween) because they could not fulfill orders in time, even though the inventory was available.
• The software was not the issue• The processes were mapped in a poor manner• This is more of a Project failure than an ERP failure
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Hershey Income Statement
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Success with ERP
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Functional Modules
Vendors Function:• Vendor Masters
Customers Function:• Customer Masters
• Vendor/Material Analysis• Vendor Quality
• Sales Order Processing• Order Deliveries
• Vendor Rating• Vendor Payments
V d C dit St t
• Sales Invoices• Customer Receipts
D l C i i• Vendor Credit Status• Vendor Reports• Vendor Ledger
• Dealers Commission• Sales Forecasting
• Vendor Ledger
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Functional Modules Contd.
Accounting Function• General Ledger
Materials Function:• Material Masters
• Fixed Assets• Financial Statements
• Purchase Requisitions• Purchase Orders
• Cash Flow Statements• Product Costs
P fit bilit A l i
• Non‐Stock Items• Pricing
Q lit C t l• Profitability Analysis• Management Information
System
• Quality Control• Purchase Ledger• Inventory ControlSystem
• Balance Sheet Analysis• Yearly Financial Statements
• Inventory Control• Tools and Gauges
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Presentation Overview
• Introduction to ERP• Introduction to SAP• Sales & Distribution• Materials Management• Production Planning• Financial Accounting • Controlling• Controlling
What is SAP?
“Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung”
(English: “Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing”)
• SAP AGF d d i W lld f G i 1972• Founded in Walldorf, Germany in 1972
• World’s Largest Business Software Company• World’s Third‐largest Independent Software Provider
• World‐wide usage• Designed to satisfy the information needs for all business sizes (small local to large all international)• Multi‐lingual• Multi‐currencyy• Multi‐balance (parallel G/L Accounting)
Evolution of SAP
SAP R/3Strong ERP C
SAP R/3 Released
SAP R/3 Released in the USA
Coverage in the
trade press
1992 ERP First Mentioned
1995 1996Davenport mega‐
1997/1998ERP at IS
conferences
2000ERP in IS journalsMentioned
packagesj
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SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (SAP ERP)
• Enables a company to support and optimize its business processes
• Ties together disparate business functions (integrated business solution) such as• Finance (Financial Accounting, Managerial Accounting, Treasury, …)• Logistics (Sales, Procurement, Production, Fulfillment, …)• Human Resources• …
• Helps the organization run smoothly• Real‐time environment• Scalable and flexible
SAP Components
SAP PLMSD
MM CO
FI
SAP SRM
SAP CRMSAP ERP
PP
QM
AM
PS
SAP R/3Client/Server
ABAPB i
SAP NetWeaver
SAP SCMPM
HR ISWFBasis
SAP ERP Business Modules
• Collections of logically related transactions within identifiable business functions• MM (“Buy”)• PP (“Make”)• SD (“Sell”)• FI and CO (“Track”)HCM• HCM
SAP ERP Core Applications
• Logistics • Sales & Distribution
Human Resources‐ Personnel Management• Sales & Distribution
• Materials Management• Production Planning• Plant Maintenance
Personnel Management‐ Benefits‐ Payroll
• Plant Maintenance• Quality Management
• Finance• Financial Accounting• Managerial Accounting• Asset Management• Treasury
SAP Industry Solutions
• Aerospace & Defense• Automotive• Banking
MediaMill Productsg
• Chemicals• Consumer Products• Defense & Security• Engineering, Const.
Mill ProductsMiningOil & GasPharmaceuticalsg g,
• Healthcare• High Tech• Higher Education• Industrial Machinery
PharmaceuticalsPostal ServicesProfessional ServicesPublic Sectory
• Insurance• Life Sciences• Logistics Service Prod.
RailwaysRetailTelecommunicationsUtilitiesWholesale Distribution
Presentation Overview
• Introduction to ERP• Introduction to SAP• Sales & Distribution• Materials Management• Production Planning• Financial Accounting • Controlling• Controlling
Functionality
• Sales Support• Sales Sales• Shipping and Transportation• BillingBilling• Credit Management• Foreign Trade• Foreign Trade
Sales Order Process
Sales OrderEntry
Pre-salesActivities
No financial impact (FI)
Entry
CheckAvailability
Activities
PickMaterials
Materials Management (MM) and Financial Accounting (FI)
Amount owed isassigned and transferred to
Amount owed by customer is received and Account Materials
Receipt ofCustomer Payment
PackBank XXXX
and Financial Accounting (FI)via automatic account
assignment
assigned and transferred toCustomer account receivable
received and Account Receivables is reduced
Post GoodsIssue
Invoice Customer
Pack MaterialsA/R XXXX
A/R XXXXSales XXXX IssueSales XXXX
COGS XXXXInventory-FG XXXX *Good Sent
GL Transactions Tracking
Post Goods IssueCOGS XXXX
INV‐FG XXXXX
I i C tInvoice CustomerA/R XXXX
SALES XXXXX
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GL Transactions Tracking
Payment ReceivedyBANK XXXX
A/R XXXXX
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Production Process with SAP
• Production cycle example
VideoVideo
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