Mextesol Newsletter No. 2, 2011

5/11/2018 Mextesol Newsletter No. 2, 2011 - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mextesol-newsletter-no-2-2011 1/33



2

7 Erkn }dc cmj}kr

= Akgha Gdhp}crw

3 Gdhp}cr Rcpkr}w

3 Wkokrh Wsr

5 ]hnhsajphw Gco}rk

6 Msrhofk

4 Xscrê}hrk

: Gdhp}cr Prcwjmco}w

80 Gdhp}cr Cuco}w

88 Hofak Wgdkahrwdjp Rcpkr}

82 Oh}jkoha Fkucrojof Bkhrm

87 Ejohogjha Rcpkr}

8= WpcaaCuco} Jo}crujcv

85 Wknc}djof }k Wdhrc rkn ]CWKA

86 Oh}jkoha Kgc

84 Rccg}jof }dc C jo ]CWKA

20 Akuc h} Wcgkom Wjfd}

28 NCT]CWKA Gkouco}jko Pkw}cr

22 Ac}}cr Erkn ]dc 74}d Hoosha Jo}croh}jkoha NCT]CWKA

Gkouco}jko Krfhoj|jof Gknnj}}cc

27 Gkouco}jko Wgdcmsac Kucrujcv

2= Pacohrz Wpchicrw kr Nkrcajh 2088

25 Iczok}c Wpchicrw kr Nkrcajh 2088

26 Gkouco}jko Wgdkahrwdjpw

24 Spgknjof CA] Cuco}w

2: Erkn Ksr Ncnbcrw< NCT]CWKA Eksomjof Ncnbcr Gca

cbrh}cw :6}d Bjr}dmhz/

70 NCT]CWKA Lksroha Ghaa kr Phpcrw 2088

78 ]CWKA Pdjahmcapdjh 2082 Phr}jha Frho}w

72 Ocvw rkn }dc NCT]CWKA Lksroha Cmj}krjha Bkhrm

]dc NCT]CWKA Ocvwac}}cr jw psbajwdcm }vjgc h zchr bz }dc Hwkgjhgj÷o Nctjghoh mc Nhcw}rkw mc Jofaêw! NCT]CWKA!H/GCmj}kr.jo.Gdjce< Sarjgd Wgdrhmcr/ Hwwjw}ho}w }k }dc Cmj}kr< Ohmjh P/ Nclîh hom Fakrjh C/ Nko}jca/ Frhpdjg Mcwjfo< Ohm

P/ Nclîh/ Gko}rjbs}jof vrj}crw< Cucazo Pcøh! Ph}rjgjh Ghrrho|h! Ohmjh P/ Nclîh! Lcrcnz N/ W}rzcr! Haclhomrk ]crèo! FakrjhNko}jca! \sacnh Fhz}èo! Hsrkrh Uhrkoh/ ]dhoiw }k< }dc SW Cnbhwwz jo Nctjgk! ]dc Hofak! Erhoiajo Cacg}rkojg Psbajwdc

Jog/]dc NCT]CWKA Ocvwac}}cr fahmaz hggcp}w gko}rjbs}jkow rkn haa j}w ncnbcrw h} Nct}cwkaOcvwac}}cr@fnhja/gkn

Ok phr} k }djw psbajgh}jko nhz bc rcprkmsgcm vj}dks} }dc ctprcww gkowco} k NCT]CWKA/

Jo }djw jwwsc<

jnhfc bz< Nhri Brhooho



Mchr ncnbcrw!

V

cagknc }k }dc ocv koajoc NCT]CWKA Ocvwac}}cr( Zks vjaa wcc }dh} vc hrc okv hbac }k bc nsgd

nkrc ctjbac vj}d nhoz mjcrco} hwpcg}w k h ocvwac}}cr/ Vc dhuc rc}hjocm }dc akki k h phpc

Ocvwac}}cr9 dkvcucr! }dc hg}sha osnbcr k phfcw jw ok} wk jnpkr}ho} hom }dc pdk}kw hrc nsgd bc}}cxshaj}z }dho jo }dc prjo} ucrwjko/ Ha}dksfd j} dhw }hico h akof }jnc }k fc} }djw jwwsc ks} hom huhjahbac

}k zks jo zksr mcwi}kp kr ahp}kp! vc dkpc }dh} }djw ocv ncmjsn vjaa haakv sw }k prkmsgc h Ocvwac}}c

nkrc k}co }dho bckrc/ ]dc ctphomcm ocv cmj}krjha }chn jogasmcw Fakrjh Cw}dcah Nko}jca k }dc Lhajwgk

Kggjmco}c Gdhp}cr vdk brjofw co}dswjhwn! krfhoj|h}jkoha }haco}! gknps}cr wijaaw hom ph}jcogc }k }dc

}hwi/ Ohmjh Ph}rjgjh Ncljh rkn }dc Msrhofk Gdhp}cr hawk prkujmcw co}dswjhwn! joj}jh}juc hom frhpdjg

mcwjfo wijaaw/ Bk}d gko}rjbs}c h rcwd pcrwpcg}juc }k }dc Ocvwac}}cr/ Vc vksam ajic }k fjuc wpcgjha }dhoi

}k Nhr}dh Ph}rjgjh Ghrrho|h rkn }dc ]hnhsajphw Gco}rk Gdhp}cr kr dcr dcap rcujcvjof }dc nh}crjh

prkujmjof ccmbhgi hom kr fjujof sw vkrmw k cogksrhfcnco}(

Vc vksam ajic }k jouj}c zks! }dc ncnbcrw k }dc NCT]CWKA gknnsoj}z hom rchmcrw k }djw Ocvwac}}c}k gko}rjbs}c nh}crjha kr }dc oct} jwwsc/ Vc vjaa rcgcjuc h koc.phfc $=00 vkrmw* kr cuco wdkr}cr! hr}jgac

rcpkr}! kr k}dcr gko}rjbs}jko/ Pdk}kw k NCT]CWKA cuco}w jo }dc gdhp}crw vjaa hawk bc hggcp}cm/ Wdkr

hghmcnjg pjcgcw hrc cwpcgjhaaz vcagknc/ J zks dhuc ho jmch kr wsbnjwwjko! vrj}c }k sw hom hwi hbks

psbajgh}jko mc}hjaw/ ]dc koajoc Ocvwac}}cr jw ctjbac/

Vc dkpc zks colkz }djw jwwsc k }dc ocvwac}}cr(

Sarjgd Wgdrhmcr

Cmj}kr jo Gdjc

Erkn }dc cmj}kr



8/ Wkokrh Okr}c

2/ Wkokrh Wsr

7/ Msrhofk

=/ \hgh}cghw

3/ Nko}crrcz

5/ Rczokwh

6/ ]hnhsajphw Gco}rk

4/ ]hnpjgk

:/ Hfshwghajco}cw

80/ Lhajwgk Kggjmco}c

88/ Lhajwgk

82/ Fshohlsh}k

87/ Bhljk

8=/ Xscrc}hrk

83/ Gjsmhm mc Nêtjgk

85/ Nkrcakw

86/ Thahph

84/ Khthgh

8:/ Whajoh Grs|

20/ Gdjhphw

=

Akgha Gdhp}crw

H} prcwco} vc dhuc 20 gdhp}crw }drksfdks} Nctjgk/ Jo chgd jwwsc k }dc Ocvwac}}cr zks v

bc hbac }k rchm h bj} k vdh}‚w fkjof ko jo mjcrco} gdhp}crw hom! vdz ok}; Pcrdhpw zks v

om h vhz jo vdjgd }k gkaahbkrh}c/



Mchr Ncnbcrw<

J}‚w h pachwsrc kr nc }k wdhrc vj}d zks ksr

ah}cw} hg}juj}jcw ghrrjcm ks} jo ksr Gdhp}cr/

Ejrw} k haa J vho} }k gkofrh}sah}c }vk k ksr

ncnbcrw< Gahsmjh C/ Kgdkh Hnhrjaahw hom

Hoh Asjwh Ucfh bcghswc }dcz vcrc wcacg}cm

bz GKNCTSW }k bc phr} k }dcjr ctgdhofc

prkfrhn kr Cofajwd ]chgdcrw vdcrc }dcz

dhuc }k }chgd Wphojwd kr h wgdkka zchr jo

}dc SWH/ Ksr bcw} vjwdcw kr }dcn(

J} vhw hawk h frch} wh}jwhg}jko }k gcacbrh}c

]chgdcr‚w Mhz msrjof ksr ahw} Hghmcnjg

Wh}srmhz ahw} Nhz 28w}/ ]dc prkfrhn gko.

wjw}cm k h wcwwjko k }vk vkriwdkpw hom h

gknncrgjha }hai hom msrjof }dc gkcc brc

vc dhm }dc kppkr}soj}z }k wdhrc vj}d ksr

ncnbcrw wknc mcajgjksw gspghicw hw phr}

k }dc gcacbrh}jko/

J vho} }k jouj}c haa k ksr ncnbcrw }k p

}jgjph}c jo }dc spgknjof cuco}w krfhoj|

bz ksr gdhp}cr hw ho kppkr}soj}z }k rcgc}rhjojof vdjgd vjaa corjgd }dcjr gahwwcw v

gko}cnpkrhrz jmchw hom cmsgh}jkoha hg}

}jcw/

G D H

P ] C R R C P K R ] W

Bz Cucazo Pcøh Cwgèrgcfh

Prcwjmco} Ghpj}sak Wkokrh Wsr 2080.2082

Wkokrh Wsr ncnbcrw gcacbrh}jof }chgdcr‚w mhz ahw} Nhz









Hfshwghajco}cwJukooc Ucahwgk Rjucrh

jukooc[}h|@zhdkk/gkn/nt

BhljkGahsmjh Wswhoh Lhrhacøk E/g[wswz63@dk}nhja/gknnct}cwkagdhp}crbhljk@ajuc/gkn/nt

GdjhphwRswcaa Gdhokoh Nkajohnct}cwka[gdhp}}st@dk}nhja/gkn

MsrhofkOhmjh P/ Nclîh Rkwhacwnct}cwkamsrhofk@fnhja/gkn

Fshohlsh}kGêwhr Corjxsc Gkr}c| Ncomj|hbhanct}cwkafshohlsh}k@zhdkk/gkn/ntgcgncomj|hbha@dk}nhja/gkn

LhajwgkCakjr Lhrcm Ghnpkwcakjlhrcm@dk}nhja/gkn

Lhajwgk Kggjmco}cFakrjh Nko}jcafc/nko}jca@fnhja/gknnct}cwka/pur@fnhja/gkn

Nctjgk Gj}zLkwê Nhosca Ujaahscr}cnctjgkgj}znct}cwka@fnhja/gkn

Nko}crrczKwghr Lhujcr Fhr|h Fkmjohkfhr|h@ajgck/cms/nt

NkrcakwPcmrk Cogjwk A÷pc|pc}crizoz@dk}nhja/gkn

KhthghWjaujh Hrjhmoh Grs| Mîh|

nct}cwkakhthgh@fnhja/gkn

Xscrc}hrkLcrcnz Njgdhca W}rzcr

ln/w}rzcr@fnhja/gkn

RczokwhCffah Brjkocw Gdhphcffah}rcujok@dk}nhja/gkn

Whajoh Grs|Nhosca Mhujm Rhnîrc| Ncmjohmhujmrhnjrc|8@ajuc/gkn

Wkokrh Okr}cHoh Nhrîh Hw}jh|hrèohohhw}jh@dk}nhja/gknnct}cwkawkokrhokr}c@dk}nhja/gkn

Wkokrh WsrCucazo Pcøh Cwghrgcfhozacuc04@zhdkk/gkn/ntnct}cwkawkokrhwsr@zhdkk/gkn

]hnhsajphw Gco}rkNhr}dh Ph}rjgjh Ghrrho|hghrrho|hph}rjgjh@nwo/gkn

]hnpjgkLsho Corjxsc Ghbrhacw Whogdc|

lcghbrhacw34@dk}nhja/gkn

ThahphHrhgcaj Grs| Nkwgkwknct}cwka8@zhdkk/gkn

\hgh}cghwKg}hujk Cwpjok|h Ak|hokukcwpjok@dk}nhja/gkn

Gdhp}cr Prcwjmco}w

G D H P

] C R P R C W J M C O ] W



80

Gdhp}cr Cuco}w

Bhlîk

Hghmcnjg Wh}srmhz Mcgcnbcr 7

Gdjhphw Hghmcnjg Wh}srmhz Okucnbcr 8:

Msrhofk

Hghmcnjg Wh}srmhz Mcgcnbcr 2 Lhajwgk Kggjmco}c

Hghmcnjg Wh}srmhz Mcgcnbcr 7

Nctjgk Gj}z

Hghmcnjg Wh}srmhz Okucnbcr 25Hghmcnjg Wh}srmhz Lhoshrz 28!2082Rcfjkoha Gkouco}jko Ecbrshrz 23! 2082

Wkokrh Wsr

Hghmcnjg Wh}srmhz Okucnbcr 25



W G D K A H R W

D J P R C P K R ]

]k spmh}c kr ok} }k spmh}c‥

Jgho‚}! J mko‚}! j} jw ok} pkwwjbac‥ ]dcwchrc pdrhwcw }dh} occm }k bc bhojwdcm

rkn CWA }chgdcrw‚ ukghbsahrz/ Vdz mkvc swc }dcn; Wknc}jncw vc hrc wk kucr.vdcancm bz ksr }chgdjof wj}sh}jko }dh}vc hrc ok} hbac }k wcc }dc ajfd} h} }dc comk }dc }sooca/ Spmh}jof jw koc nhfjgha

icz }dh} gho rckpco ksr njomw hom gahrjzksr }dksfd}w jo }jncw k mjw}rcww/

Vdz mk vc occm }k spmh}c;

Jo nhoz mjcrco} kgghwjkow vc hrc ok}cuco hbac }k wcc ksr prkbacnw kr }k rc.haj|c vdh} vc hrc mkjof vrkof/ ]djw jw}dc }jnc vdco mcgjmjof hom gdkkwjofho kp}jko kr spmh}jof hom mcucakpjof

wijaaw bcgkncw ho jnpkr}ho} jwwsc/ Hm.uho}hfcw; Nhoz/ Ejrw} k haa! zks fc} }dcpkwwjbjaj}z }k WDHRC zksr ctpcrjcogcwvj}d k}dcr }chgdcrw jo wjnjahr wj}sh}jkow/Wcgkom k haa! zks gho FC] OCV JMCHWrkn pckpac }dh} hrc swcm }k vkrijof joh mjcrco} vhz/ Nkrckucr! zks gho VKRI ]KFC]DCR }k EJOM WKAS]JKOW }k chgdk}dcr‚w prkbacnw hom ACHRO HG]JUCAZ}dc ocv }rcomw jo }crnw k CWA nc}dkm.

kakfz/ Vc occm }k rcncnbcr }dh} vc hrchavhzw achrojof/ W}smco}w gdhofc! hom VC

hawk OCCM }k gdhofc/

Dkv hom vdcrc gho vc mk j};

]dcrc hrc nhoz kp}jkow huhjahbac/ J zkvho} gkow}ho} spmh}jof vj}d mjcrco}dcncw mjwgswwcm bz ahrfc frkspw! kocfkkm kp}jko jw NCT]CWKA/ Zks gho bcgknc h ncnbcr hom h}}com mjcrcoacg}srcw! vkriwdkpw! prcwco}h}jkow! homcuco}w }dh} vjaa fjuc zks h fakbha jmch kdkv jmchw iccp jo nk}jko jo }dc Cofajwd ]chgdjof Sojucrwc/

J zks hrc h }rhjocm }chgdcr }dh} occmmcucakpnco}! J wsffcw} }hijof }dc ]MG$]chgdcrw‚ Mcucakpnco} Gksrwc* fjuco bz ]dc Hofak/ Jo nz ctpcrjcogc! j} vhw h rchaazswcsa vhz k gkorko}jof mjcrco} jmchwhom vhzw k }chgdjof/ J vhw hbac }k ujwshaj|c nz }chgdjof ctpcrjcogc hw h vdkacj}cn hom }dco pkjo}jof ks} }dc vchiocwwcw }dh} gksam bc jnprkucm/ Jo }dc ]MGgksrwc zks vjaa wdhrc zksr ctpcrjcogcvj}d h wnhaa frksp k }chgdcrw/ Zks vjaa mkrcwchrgd! rchm nc}dkmkakfz bkkiw! homrccg} ko zksr ctpcrjcogc hom vdh} zksdhuc wcco jo CWA gahwwcw/ Zks vjaa mcucakpchgd hom cucrz wijaa vdjac zks hawk mcucakpzksr }chgdjof hbjaj}jcw/

]k Spmh}c kr ok} }k Spmh}c‥

Wk! }dc oha gdkjgc jw zksrw/ Cucrz }chgdciokvw vdco }djofw w}kp vkrijof! vdcozks rchaaz w}hr} occmjof dcap }k saaa zkshjnw/ J zks }djoi zks hrc jo }dh} wj}sh}jkozks dhuc }vk kp}jkow< zks gho wscr hom}rz }k wsrujuc! kr zks gho fjuc zksrwca }dcfj} k iokvacmfc hom akki kr }dc Spmh}jof gksrwc kr hg}juj}z }dh} wsj}w zks bcw}/

Bz Haclhomrk ]crèo Mknjofk

Vjoocr k ]dc Hofak + NCT]CWKA wgdkahrwdjp 2080.2088

jnhfc bz< Whrhd Njgdhca



Nhrjh ]rhpcrk MèujahPRCWJMCO]

Gkacfjk ]crcwjhok c Jow}j}s}k

]cgoka÷fjgk mc WkokrhGjsmhm Kbrcf÷o!Wkokrh

Lkwê Nhosca Kr}j| UcahwgkUJGC PRCWJMCO]

MF]J KhthghKhthgh! Khthgh

Ajajh \sacnh Fhz}èo Nhr}îoc|

WCGRC]HRZSojucrwjmhm ]cgoka÷fjgh mca Wsr mc Wkokrh

Gjsmhm Kbrcf÷o! Wkokrh

Ujrfjojh Kr}j| F÷nc|

C]DJGW GKNNJ]]CCErcc.ahogc

]hnpjgk! ]hnhsajphw

Nhrjh Jwhbca Hrcgdhomjc}h RhnkwPHW] PRCWJMCO]

Gkacfjk ]hnhsajphw H/G/ Z GB]JW 6 Gjsmhm Rczokwh! ]hnhsajphw

Pjh Nhrjh Vdj}cGdhjr k }dc Krfhoj|jof Gknnj}}cc

74}d Jo}croh}jkoha Gkouco}jko/ Hfshwghajco}cw! Hfshwghajco}cw/

82

Oh}jkoha Fkucrojof Bkhrm 2080.2088



E J O H O G J H A R C P K R ]

Ejohogjha Rcpkr}Mchr ncnbcrw!

]dc GMO dhw hwicm Rkwh Cacoh Nhr}joc| Fhrgîh hom nc! Fshmhaspc F÷nc| Nhr}jo! }k

}hic kucr }dc vkri mkoc bz }dc }rchwsrcr/ Vc dhuc bcco mkjof wk wjogc Nhz 2088 hom

vc occm }k whz }dh} vc dhuc }k bc ghrcsa bcghswc ksr ohogcw hrc ok} mkjof vcaaokv bs} vc hrc wsrc }djofw vjaa fc} bc}}cr/ Vc haa occm }k ac} pckpac iokv hbks} ksr

2088 gkouco}jko hom bc wsrc }dc }djofw vjaa bc whc jo Nkrcajh/ Dkpc }k wcc zks }dcrc/

Vc hrc prcwco}jof }dc ohogjha wsnnhrz kr 2080/ ]djw gho fjuc zks ho jmch k vdcrc

vc hrc/



8=

Nctjgho fjra rhoiw e

H wjofac c.nhja jo chraz Mcgcn.bcr 2080 w}hr}cm j} haa9 vksam }dc

wgdkka bc jo}crcw}cm jo phr}jgj.

ph}jof jo h Wpcaajof gknpc}j}jko

jo Nctjgk Gj}z ‗ kr }dc gdhogc }k

vjo h }jgic} }k phr}jgjph}c jo }dc

jo}croh}jkoha cuco} jo Ocv Zkri;

Cjfd} nko}dw hom h }d pahgc

vkram.vjmc mkvo }dc rkhm! }dc

NCT]CWKA Ocvwac}}cr wh} mkvovj}d Kafh J}|ca Fhrhz mc ah Rkwh }k

}hai hbks} dcr ctpcrjcogc jo }dc

Erhoiajo Fakbha WpcaaCuco} hom

vdh} wdc achrocm rkn j}/

NO< ]caa sw! Kafh! dkv akof dhuc zks w}sm.

jcm Cofajwd;

Kafh J}|ca< J w}hr}cm w}smzjof Cofajwd vdco

J vhw jo ijomcrfhr}co/ J vho}cm }k achroCofajwd hom J ajicm j} h ak}/

NO< Vdh} nhmc zks vho} }k phr}jgjph}c jo

}dc WpcaaCuco};

Kafh J}|ca< J} wksomcm jo}crcw}jof! fkjof }k

Ocv Zkri( J} vksam bc nz rw} }jnc }dcrc!

hom j} wksomcm jo}crcw}jof! }kk! ncc}.

jof ocv pckpac rkn

hrksom }dc vkram/

NO< Dkv mjm zks prc.

phrc kr }dc gknpc}j.

}jko;

Kafh J}|ca< J w}smjcm rkn ajw}w! hom wknc.

}jncw rkn }dc jo}croc}/ J hawk w}smjcm vj}d

h }chgdcr! wdc dcapcm nc h ak} vj}d }dc

vkrmw hom wdc fhuc nc ctcrgjwcw/

NO< Vdh} mjm zksr phrco}w }djoi vdco

zks }kam }dcn zks vho}cm }k phr}jgjph}c;

Kafh J}|ca< ]dcz }dksfd} j} vhw h fkkm

jmch hom j} nhmc }dcn prksm ‗ bs} }dcz

mjmo‚} dcap nc w}smz( J w}smjcm ko nz kvo

nkw} k }dc }jnc/ $fjffacw*

NO< Dkv mjm zks cca! rjfd} bckrc }dc

gknpc}j}jko jo Nctjgk Gj}z;

Kafh J}|ca< J vhw ocruksw bckrc }dc gkn

pc}j}jko! bs} }dh} nkrojof J vhw ccajof

gkomco} . J rchaaz }dksfd} J gksam vjo

Dkvcucr! J vhw xsj}c wsrprjwcm vdco J mjm

vjo( J rcncnbcr }djoi

jof ‑Zhz( J hn fkjof }kOcv Zkri(„ hom }dco J rc

haj|cm }dh} j} vhw xsj}c h

bjf hgdjcucnco}! }k vjo

h oh}jkoha gko}cw}/

NO< ]caa sw hbks} Ocv Zkri Gj}z(

Kafh J}|ca< J} vhw hnh|jof( Vc }kki h bsw

}ksr k Ocv Zkri Gj}z vj}d ksr phrco}w

Nctjgk‚w gko}cw}ho}! Kafh J}|ca Fhrhz! msrjof }dc gknpc}j}jko



jo wpcaajof gknpc}j}jko

Phr}jgjpho}w rkn }cco mjcrco} gkso}rjcw vdk gknpc}cm jo }dc Fakbha WpcaaCuco} Gdhnpjkowdjp jo Ocv Zkri Gj}z ahw} Hsfsw}

W P C A A C U C O ]

Vc vco} }k Gco}rha Phri! ]jncw Wxshrc! Rh.mjk Gj}z Nswjg Dhaa! }dc W}h}sc k Ajbcr}z ‥

wk nhoz pahgcw! j}‚w dhrm }k rcncnbcr( ]dc

rw} mhz vj}d haa }dc k}dcr gko}cw}ho}w! vc

vcrc haa ucrz wdz hom okbkmz rchaaz vho}cm

}k }hai! bs} }dc oct} mhz vc w}hr}cm fc}}jof

hakof hom vc rchaj|cm }dh} vc vcrc haa fkkm

pckpac ‗ vc w}hr}cm dhujof so(

NO< Vdh} hbks} }dc gknpc}j}jko jo j}wca;

Kafh J}|ca< ]dc krnh} vhw }dc whnc hw }dc

gknpc}j}jko jo nz wgdkka hom jo Nctjgk

Gj}z! bs} J vhw vhz nkrc ocruksw }dco/ J akw}

vj}d }dc vkrm ‑rcgjpjco}„! bcghswc J gksamo‚}

dchr }dc prkoksogcr vcaa/NO< Vdh} vksam zks }caa k}dcr w}smco}

rkn zksr gj}z! }k nk}juh}c }dcn }k phr}jgj

ph}c oct} zchr;

Kafh J}|ca< J zks‚uc bcco w}smzjof Cofajwd

}dco fk kr j}( J}‚w h frch} ctpcrjcogc! }k dhuc

}dc kppkr}soj}z }k ncc} wk nhoz frch} pck

pac hom }k wcc ocv pahgcw/

NO< Gkofrh}sah}jkow hfhjo! Kafh! hom }dhoizks ucrz nsgd kr }haijof }k sw/

Kafh J}|ca< ]dhoi zks(

Jo}crujcvcr< Fakrjh Nko}jc



85

Nko}dw hfk J h}}comcm }dc ]CWKA

gko.crcogc dcam jo Ocv Krachow/ J}

vhw frch} }k dhuc }dc kppkr}soj}z }kctpcrjcogc wsgd ho jo}crcw}jof cuco}

hom J vksam ajic }k wdhrc wknc jokr.

nh}jko fjuco jo h vkriwdkp ghaacm ‑C.

]kkaw kr ]chgdjof Ukghbsahrz Wijaaw„

bz Vcomz Vhof % Mhojca Dkppcr/

Rcwchrgd ko ukghbsahrz }chgdjof

hom achrojof dhw gachraz jomjgh}cm

}dh} ukghbsahrz wijaaw hrc }dc ‑bsjam.

jof bakgiw„ }dh} ahofshfc achrocrwoccm jo krmcr }k jogrchwc }dcjr gkn.

nsojgh}juc pkvcr $Oh}jko! 2008*/

]dc vkriwdkp vhw hbks} ctpakrjof C. swc.

sa }kkaw }dh} vc gho chwjaz swc jo ksr gahwwcw!

ok nh}}cr }dc acuca }dh} vc }chgd/ Dcrc }dcrc

hrc wknc mjcrco} vcb phfcw hom h brjc mc.

wgrjp}jko hbks} vdh} zks gho mk vj}d }dcn

jo krmcr }k dhuc h grch}juc! jo}crcw}jof hom

wsggcwwsa ukghbsahrz gahww/• d}}p<++vvv/vkrmac/oc}+

Vkrmac jw h }kz kr fcocrh}jof ‑vkrm gaksmw„

rkn }ct} }dh} zks prkujmc/ ]dc gaksmw fjuc

frch}cr prknjocogc }k vkrmw }dh} hppchr

nkrc rcxsco}az jo }dc wksrgc }ct}/ Zks

gho }vchi zksr

gaksmw vj}d mj.

crco} ko}w! ahz.ks}w! hom gkakr

wgdcncw! hom

swc }dcn dkvcu.

cr zks ajic jo zksr

CEA gahww/

• d}}p<++vvv/ujwsha}dcwhsrsw/gkn+

•

Ujwsha ]dcwhsrsw jw ho jo}crhg}juc mjg}jkoh

hom }dcwhsrsw vdjgd grch}cw vkrm nhpw }d

bakwwkn vj}d nchojofw hom brhogd }k

ah}cm vkrmw/ J}w jookuh}juc! ujwsha mjwpahz c

gksrhfcw ctpakrh}jko hom achrojof/

• d}}p<++vvv/ujwsha}dcwhsrsw/gkn+

ukghbfrhbbcr+

Ukghbfrhbbcr hohaz|cw hoz }ct} zks hrc }crcw}cm jo9 fcocrh}jof ajw}w k }dc nkw} s

sa ukghbsahrz vkrmw hom wdkvjof zks dk

}dkwc vkrmw hrc swcm jo gko}ct}/

• d}}p<++nvw/sw}/di

‑Nz Vkrmw„ jw ho jo}crhg}juc ukghbsahrz bsj

jof vcbwj}c }dh} cohbacw zks }k grch}c h

nhjo}hjo jomjujmsha ukghbsahrz pkr}kajkw

gkow}rsg}jof pcrwkohaj|cm fakwwhrjcw hom

wcwwjof zksr achrojof hom prkfrcww/ Zks ghawk jmco}jz zksr ukghbsahrz acuca }drksf

osnbcr k hwwcwwnco} nc}dkmw/

Nkw} k }dcwc vcb phfcw hrc rcc9 k}d

ghrrz ho joctpcowjuc cc/ Mhrc }k gdhaaco

}rhmj}jko hom jo}rkmsgc ukghbsahrz jo zk

gahwwcw/ J‚n wsrc zksr w}smco}w vjaa colkz

}kkaw jo }dc gahwwrkkn(

Wknc}djof }k wdhrc rkn ]CWKA 2088Bz \sacnh Fhz}

Oh}jkoha Wcgrc}hrz 2080.20



Cawh Nhrîh Nhr}îoc| Rîkw! Hmnjojw}rh}kr Wdc‚w jo gdhrfc k haa hmnjojw}rh}juc nh}}crw jo}dc kegc! mchajof vj}d wpkowkrw hom wsppajcrw/

Sarjgd Wgdrhmcr! Rcprcwco}h}jucDc‚w }dc hwwkgjh}jko‚w ajhjwko vj}d ]CWKA! }dc Gco}rha Hncrjgho % Ghrjbbcho Bhwjo ]CWKA Heajh}c

}dc Cmj}krjha Bkhrm hom }dc Hghmcnjg Gknnj}.}cc/

Lkwê Asjw Xsjrkfh Fènc|! NcnbcrwdjpwDc prkujmcw }dc akgha gdhp}crw hom ncnbcrwvj}d haa }dc jokrnh}jko pcr}hjojof }k ncn.bcrwdjp w}h}sw/ Dc‚w hawk jo gdhrfc k ksr vcb

phfc/

Ozmjh Ucr÷ojgh Eakrcw Ncmjoh! Rcgcp}jkojw}Jo hmmj}jko }k howvcrjof }dc pdkoc! wdc‚w hawk

jo gdhrfc k prc.rcfjw}rh}jko }k }dc oh}jkoha gkouco}jko! }dc ctdjbj}kr‚w hrch hom gkouco}jko

mh}hbhwc/

O H ] J K O H A

K E E J G C

Oh}jkoha Kgc2088 dhw brksfd} h ak} k gdhofcw jo ksr Oh}jkoha Kegc/

Ncc} ksr w}hcrw hom om ks} nkrc hbks} vdh} }dcz mk kr

ksr ncnbcrw/



84

Rccg}jof }dc ‑C„ jo ]CWKA 2088

]djw zchr }dc ]CWKA gkouco}jko }kki

pahgc jo }dc bchs}jsa gj}z k Ocv Krachow

$OKA* vdcrc }dc ‑C„ kr ctgj}cnco}! cocr.

fz! cnk}jko hom cogdho}nco} ghnc }knz njom/ ]dcwc vkrmw rcnjomcm nc k

}dc ccajofw J fk} vdco J whv }dc nkujc

‑]dc Prjogcww hom }dc Erkf„ vdjgd }hicw

pahgc jo OKA/ J rcncnbcr }dh} J whjm }k

nzwca }dh} wkncmhz J vksam fk }k }dh}

gj}z }k wcc }dc akucaz dkswcw hom ajw}co

}k }dc vkomcrsa nswjg/

J dhm }dc kppkr}soj}z }k h}}com }djw

frch} hoosha gkocrcogc kr }dc }d

}jnc hom cucrz }jnc }dh} J dhuc h}}com.

cm hoz pkwwjbac $ohogjha* rcfrc}w mjwhp.

pchr bcghswc }djw jw h vkramvjmc cuco}

kr CA] }chgdcrw/ Wk! }dc kppkr}soj}z kr

prkcwwjkoha hom hghmcnjg frkv}d jw

dsfc! }kk/

Cuco bckrc }dc bcfjoojof k }dc gko.

crcogc }dc prkfrhn jouj}cw h}}comccw}k bc wcacg}juc hom vjwc jo gdkkwjof

chgd mhz‚w hg}juj}jcw/ ]dc mhz bckrc

}dc cuco} }hicw pahgc J w}hr} rchmjof }dc

prkfrhn bkki hom akkijof kr }haiw rc.

ah}cm }k nz hrchw k jo}crcw}/ Dkvcucr!

j} jw hawk jnpkr}ho} }k gdcgi }dc akgh.

}jkow vdcrc chgd }hai kr vkriwdkp }hicw

pahgc bcghswc nkujof rkn koc pahgc

}k hok}dcr }hicw h} achw} uc njos}cw!j ok} nkrc/ Wk! w}smzjof }dc prkfrhn

ghrcsaaz jw }dc bhwjw kr }hijof saa hm.

uho}hfc k }dc gkocrcogc/

]djw zchr! J h}}comcm hbks} ojoc kr }co

}haiw hom vkriwdkpw cucrz mhz! haa k

}dcn ucrz swcsa hom rcacuho} jo nz

}chgdjof gko}ct}/ J vksam ajic }k }hai

hbks} }drcc k }dcn/ ]dc rw} jw h vkriwdkp

ghaacm< ‑Ajucaz Frhnnhr Fhncw< Cofhf

jof Achrocrw jo Hg}juc Frhnnhr Prhg}jgc„

Jrcoc NgIhz hom ]joh Jo}joj rkn FckrfcBrkvo Gkaacfc jo ]krko}k vcrc }dc prcwco}

crw/ ]dcz bk}d mjm jomccm cofhfc }dc hs

mjcogc‥ }dc vkriwdkp vhw saa k so hom

achrohbac fhncw/ ]dc rkkn vhw gknpac}caz

grkvmcm/ J vhw wj}}jof ko }dc kkr hnkof

nhoz k}dcr pckpac/ ]dc prcwco}crw vcrc

ucrz cocrfc}jg/ Cucrzbkmz phr}jgjph}cm bz

pahzjof wknc k }dc fhncw }dh} vcrc prc

wco}cm/ ]dc prcwco}crw hawk fhuc nhfojgco} prj|cw }k ukaso}ccrw vdk vco} }k }dc

rko} }k pahz koc k }dkwc fhncw/ ]dcwc prj|

cw vcrc ucrz krjfjoha hom swcsa kr }chgd

crw }k bc swcm jo fhncw jo }dc A2 gahwwrkkn

Ekr cthnpac! h okjwc nhicr $gkakrsa gahp.

pjof dhomw* hom h gsbc vj}d brjfd} gkakrw

}dh} ajfd}w sp kogc j} jw ko }dc kkr! hnkof

k}dcr swcsa }chgdjof kblcg}w/ ]dsw! cucrz

bkmz phr}jgjph}cm h ak} }k fc} h prj|c( H} }dccom k }dc vkriwdkp h ucrz swcsa bkkiac}

jo vdjgd haa }dc fhncw vcrc mcwgrjbcm vhw

dhomcm ks}/ ]dsw J vhw dhppz }k dhuc gdk

wco }k h}}com }djw vkriwdkp/

]dc wcgkom jw ‑Mjhrz W}smjcw< Swjof ]chgd

crw‚ hom Achrocrw‚ Lksroha Co}rjcw hw mh}h„

Prkcwwkr Bhjacz rkn }dc Nko}crcz Jow}j

}s}c k Jo}croh}jkoha W}smjcw ctpahjocm }dc

jnpkr}hogc k swjof lksrohaw jo rcwchrgd/ Hwnz NH }dcwjw mcha} vj}d }djw rcwchrgd }cgd

ojxsc! J vho}cm }k achro nkrc hbks} }djw

Hfhjo! nz gdkjgc vhw fkkm/ Prkcwwkr Bhj.

acz jw ho ctgcaaco} prcwco}cr/

Ejohaaz! }dc }djrm prcwco}h}jko jw ‑Ct}cowjuc

Ajw}cojof< H okuca hpprkhgd }k bsjamjof

bz Hsrkrh Uhrkoh



C ] C W K A R C P

K R ]

NCT]CWKA jw ho hajh}c k

ajw}cojof scogz„ prcwco}cm bz Nhdho

hom Cucr} rkn Jomjhoh Sojucrwj}z/ ]dcz

ctpahjocm }dcjr }chgdjof ctpcrjcogc jo

mcucakpjof ajw}cojof jo }dcjr gahwwcw/ ]dczwdkvcm ho jo}crcw}jof vcbphfc }dcz

dhuc h} }dcjr sojucrwj}z vdcrc w}smco}w

gho prhg}jgc }dcjr ajw}cojof/ Wk! }dc jmch dhw

gknc }k nz njom }k cw}hbajwd h wjnjahr koc

h} nz sojucrwj}z/ ]dsw }dcwc C‚w hppchrcm jo

nz gdkjgcw msrjof }dc ]CWKA 2088 Gkocr.

cogc/

Jo rcfhrm }k nz ctpcrjcogcw jo OKA hw h

}ksrjw}! }dc gj}z vhw ho kpco jouj}h}jko }k

mjwgkucr j} }drksfd j}w phrhmcw! gsjwjoc hom

dhomgrh}w/ Ekr cthnpac! J phr}jgsahraz co.

lkzcm bcjfoc}w! kbujkswaz vj}d h dk} —hs

ahj}‚ gkcc h} }dc Ghê Ms Nkomc/ ]djw jw

h mcajgjksw ctpcrjcogc ok} }k bc njwwcm”

}dc pkvmcrcm wsfhr hom hukr hrc ctxsj.

wj}c/

OKA! }dc Grhmac k Lh||! J mjmo‚} njww }dckppkr}soj}z k ajw}cojof }k lh|| jo OKA/ Wk!

J vco} }k —Prcwcruh}jko Dhaa‚ }k ajw}co }k ajuc

lh|| vj}d }zpjgha lh|| nswjgjhow jo }dc akgha

Ocv Krachow coujrkonco}/ $]dc nswjg jw

w}jaa jo nz Chrw‥( *

]k gkogasmc! J vho} }k }dhoi NCT]CWKA

kr }dc wsppkr} j} fhuc nc kr bcgknjof

h bc}}cr prkcwwjkoha jo }dc CA] gknns.

oj}z bhgi dknc jo Nctjgk/



20

Akuc h} Wcgkom Wjfd}bz Fakrjh C/ Nko}jc

Lhajwgk Kggjmco}c Gdhp}cr prcwjmco} 2080 . 2082

H ak} k Cofajwd }chgdcrw $hom J jogasmc nz.wca jo }djw osnbcr* w}hr} ks} }chgdjof bc.ghswc }dcz —gho wpchi‚ }dc ahofshfc9 dkv.cucr! mkcw koc‚w hbjaj}z }k wpchi h ahofshfccxsha somcrw}homjof j}w joocr vkrijofw;]dc xscw}jko bcfw gkowjmcrh}jko9 h}cr haa!h frch} osnbcr k }chgdcrw mcuk}c h ak}k }jnc hom ckr} }k iccpjof sp vj}d }dcah}cw} nc}dkmkakfjcw hom }chgdjof }cgd.ojxscw vdjac gkowjmcrhbaz cvcr hg}jucazwcci ks} }k jnprkuc }dcjr nc}hajofsjw}jghvhrcocww/]chgdcrw‚ bhgifrksomw ‗ dkv }dcz hg.xsjrcm }dc ahofshfc ‗ mcoc jo nhozvhzw dkv }dcz pcrgcjuc hom rchg} }k }dcahofshfc! bs} }dh} mkcw ok} ncho }dh}ok}djof gho bc mkoc }k sr}dcr mcuca.kp whjm }chgdcrw jo }crnw k iokvacmfchbks} ahofshfc/ ]chgdcr Cmsgh}jko prk.frhnw wdksam mcoj}caz jogasmc vkri koAhofshfc Wzw}cnw bcghswc ctpcrjcogcm}chgdcrw hom oh}juc wpchicrw hajic occm }kbrswd sp ko }dcjr iokvacmfc/ Ok }chgdcrcucr —iokvw‚ haa }dc frhnnhr! vdjgd nhicwgkow}ho} rcujwjko icz . hom wsgd rcujwjkovkriw jooj}caz bc}}cr vdco }chgdcrw fc}}k bksogc hrksom jmchw hom gdhaacofc}dcjr ujcvw vj}d pccrw rh}dcr }dho rcazjofkoaz ko hs}koknksw w}smz! hw J achrocm

lsw} }djw zchr h}cr cnbhrijof ko koc wsgdprkfrhn/

J} nhz bc hrfscm }dh} kr hoz ahw}jofgdhofc }k }hic pahgc jo dkv }chgdcrw hpprkhgd Ahofshfc Wzw}cnw hom kr }rsc Ahofshfc Hvhrcocww }k }hic pahgc! h gksrwcoccmw }k ct}com kucr h pcrjkm k }jnc hom}dh} gksam bc wcco hw h mrhvbhgi ‗ }chgdcrw hrc! h}cr haa! ucrz bswz pckpac( DkvcucrJ dhuc achrocm }djw zchr }dh} vdco }dcrcjw ho hg}sha mcwjrc ko }dc }chgdcr‚w phr} }kjnprkuc! cucrz}djof jw pkwwjbac . jogasmjof}}jof h }chgdcr mcucakpnco} gksrwc jo}kho harchmz dcg}jg wgdcmsac/ Esr}dcrnkrc! jo}dc crh k }dc vcb 2/0 mjcrco} kp}jkow hrchuhjahbac hom koajoc.koaz kr bacomcm achrojof prkfrhnw hrc ucrz ujhbac jo nkw} ghwcwJo gkogaswjko! J }djoi }dh} rcfhrmacww k }dcgko}ct} vc vkri jo kr ksr }hrfc} achrocrpkpsah}jko! }dkwc k sw vdk hrc jo }dcCofajwd }chgdjof prkcwwjko occm }k }hic}dc kppkr}soj}z cucrz okv hom }dco }k rchgxshjo} ksrwcaucw vj}d }dc ahofshfc hom}rhownj} ksr mjwgkucrjcw }k }dc achrocrw joksr gahwwrkknw/ ]dc nkrc vc somcrw}homhbks} }dc ahofshfc hom j}w somcrazjofwzw}cnw! }dc nkrc vc vjaa bc nk}juh}cm }kgko}josc w}smzjof j}! jo h ocucr.comjof gzgac/ Zks nhz om zksrwca! ajic nc! haajofjo akuc vj}d }dc Cofajwd ahofshfc haa kuchfhjo/

jnhfc bz< Whrhd Njgdhca





22

Iczok}cw<

Ajomwhz GahomcamNhr}dh AcofcajofBco Fkamw}cjoGhrka Ac}dhbzGkoojc Lkdowko

Ksr oct} mchmajoc kr rcfjw}rh}jkowdhw bcfso hom }djw vjaa com ko }dc 27rm kWcp}cnbcr/ J vksam hawk ajic }k rc rcnjom

zks }dh} frkspw k 20 vjaa bc rcfjw}crcm so}ja }dc 2=}d k Wcp}cnbcr/ Ok frksp rcfjw}rh}jko vjaa }hic pahgc h}cr }djw mh}c/

J vho} }k rcnjom zks }dh} msrjof }djwGkouco}jko cacg}jkow kr haa k }dc ncnbcrwk }dc Oh}jkoha Mjrcg}juc Gksogja vjaa }hicpahgc/ J zks hrc jo}crcw}cm jo bcjof phr} k}dc ocv GMO! fk }k ksr vcb phfc hom wcc

vdh} zks occm jo krmcr }k bc cacg}cm kr hpkwj}jkod}}p<++vvv/nct}cwka/krf/nt+;nkmsak>nhjo%jm>6:

Mko‚} krfc} }k kpco ksr NCT]CWKA vcbphfc vvv/nct}cwka/krf/nt hw k}co hwpkwwjbac jo }dc gknjof vcciw hw hoz ocvjokrnh}jko vjaa bc pkw}cm }dcrc/

OCV GDHAACOFCW EKR ]DC OCV MCGHMC JO CA]74}d Jo}croh}jkoha NCT]CWKA Gkouco}jko

Vcagknc }k Nkrcajh!]dc mhzw kr ksr 74}d Jo}croh}jkoha

Gkouco}jko hrc hankw} hrksom }dc gkrocr!hom vc hrc ucrz pachwcm }k ac} cucrzbkmziokv }dh} vc dhuc h frch} gkocrcogcprcphrcm kr haa k }dc mjcrco} jo}crcw}w joCofajwd Ahofshfc ]chgdjof/ J zks vho} }kwcc vdk jw gknjof! }dc prc.prkfrhn jw okvko ajoc< d}}p<++vvv/nct}cwka/krf/nt+;nk

msak>gkoucogjkocw%jm>82535=4=:3}dhoiw }k haa }dc ckr}w k }dc Hghmcnjg

Gknnj}}cc! Saj Wgdrhmcr! hom haa }dc pck.pac jo }dc Oh}jkoha Kegc! vdk vkricm wkdhrm }k ps} j} }kfc}dcr/ Haa }dc pacohrjw}wvjaa hawk bc iczok}c wpchicrw! hom }dcz vjaabc vj}d sw msrjof }dkwc mhzw/ ]djw vksambc h frch} kppkr}soj}z }k fc} }k iokvzksr hukrj}c hs}dkrw jo h ghwsha gko}ct}hom colkz wknc jokrnha gdh}w vj}d }dcn/

Pacohrjw}w<LkHoo NjaacrLjn WgrjucocrIhrco Ghmjcrk.IhpahoHomz Gsr}jwIco VjawkoWjnko Brcvw}cr]dkn Lkocw

Akkijof krvhrm }k wccjof zks jo Nkrcajh(

Pjh Nhrjh Vdj}cGdhjr! Krfhoj|jof Gknnj}}cc

74}d Hoosha Jo}croh}jkoha NCT]CWKA Gkouco}jko



G K O U C O ] J K O

2 0 8 8



2=

Pacohrz Wpchicrwkr Nkrcajh 2088

LkHoo Njaacr dhw }hsfd} Cofajwd jo Nctjgk Gj}z kr kucr }djr}z uc zchrw/ Wdc dhw h BH rkn

Who Mjcfk W}h}c Sojucrwj}z! ho NH rkn }dc Oh}jkoha Sojucrwj}z k Nctjgk hom mkg}krha w}sm.

jcw h} }dc Sojucrwj}z k Vjwgkowjo/ Wdc vhw h} }dc Nctjgk Gj}z bj.oh}jkoha $SW+Nctjgk.Jow}j}s}k

Nctjghok Okr}chncrjghoh mc Gsa}srh* kr 84 zchrw hw }chgdcr hom gkkrmjoh}kr/ Wdc vkricm h}

}dc prjuh}c Sojucrwjmhm mca Uhaac mc Nctjgk kr : zchrw hom vhw Jow}j}s}jkoha Gkkrmjoh}kr kr

4 k }dkwc zchrw/ Wdc vhw cmj}kr k }dc NCT]CWKA Lksroha kr 6 zchrw hom jw okv ho Hwwkgjh}c

Cmj}kr/ Wdc vhw ko }dc Bkhrm k Mjrcg}krw k ]CWKA! Jog/ $2007.2005* hom jw ko }dc krfhoj|jof

gknnj}}cc k GHAA Cacg}rkojg Ujaahfc Koajoc $2088.2082*/ Wdc vkriw hw h rcc ahogc gkowsa}ho}

hom nh}crjhaw mcucakpcr/

Dcr nhlkr jo}crcw}w hrc mcucakpnco} k gknnsojgh}juc nh}crjhaw! }dc swc k koajoc nh}crjhaw!

hwwcwwnco} hom koajoc }chgdcr }rhjojof/ Wdc dhw gkaahbkrh}cm vj}d Nhgnjaaho bz mcucakpjof

}dc cthn mjwiw kr }dc wcrjcw W}zac! Wizajoc! Wizdjfd! H}}j}smc! Ktzfco! ]rcomw! hom }dc njom.

Koajoc }cw} fcocrh}kr! }dc Vkribkkiw kr Wizdjfd hom k}dcr wsppacnco}hrz nh}crjhaw/ Wdc dhw

hawk mcucakpcm wpcgjha cthn nh}crjhaw kr wgdkkaw jo Gdjac! Gkaknbjh! Ucoc|scah! Ca Whauhmkr!

Fsh}cnhah! Gkw}h Rjgh! Cgshmkr hom Nctjgk/

LkHoo Njaacr

Ljn Wgrjucocr jw gsrrco}az Dchm k ]chgdcr Mcucakpnco} kr Bcaa Jo}croh}jkoha/ Prcujkswaz dc

dhw bcco Dchm k ]chgdcr ]rhjojof kr Jo}croh}jkoha Dkswc! Dhw}jofw hom Mjrcg}kr k Cmsgh}jko

kr JD Bsmhpcw}/ Djw psbajgh}jkow jogasmc Achrojof ]chgdjof $Nhgnjaaho CA]* vdjgd vko }dc

HRCAW Erhoi Bcaa Prj|c 8::3 hom dhw rcgco}az wcco }dc psbajgh}jko k j}w ]djrm Cmj}jko! Ktkrm

Bhwjgw< ]chgdjof Frhnnhr! ]chgdcrw‚ Bkkiw hom Pkr}kajkw kr W}rhjfd}krvhrm! }vk bswjocww

gksrwcbkkiw kr KSP hom dc dhw nhoz hr}jgacw ko kocw}kpcofajwd/gkn/ Djw bkki! ]chgdjof

Cofajwd Frhnnhr $Nhgnjaaho CA]* vko }dc DRD Msic k Cmjobsrfd Cofajwd Wpchijof Sojko

2080 hvhrm hw ‑Bcw} Co}rz kr ]chgdcrw/„ Ljn dhw vkricm jo nhoz mjecrco} gkso}rjcw kucr

}dc zchrw! jogasmjof }vk zchrw jo Icozh! }drcc jo }dc SWWR hom wcuco jo Dsofhrz/ Dc jw h rc.

xsco} gkocrcogc prcwco}cr hom gksrwc achmcr

Ljn Wgrjucocr

Mr Homz Gsr}jw rcgcjucm djw NH jo Hppajcm Ajofsjw}jgw hom Ahofshfc ]chgdjof hom PdM jo Jo}cr.

oh}jkoha Cmsgh}jko rkn }dc Sojucrwj}z k Zkri jo Cofahom/ Dkvcucr! dc w}hr }cm djw prkcwwjkoha

ajc jo }dc ncmjgha wgjcogcw! hw h rcwsa} k vdjgd dc dhw havhzw wcco ahofshfc }chgdjof hom achro.

jof hw h mzohnjg hom krfhojg jo}crpahz k grch}juc cocrfjcw hom krgcw/ Homz dhw nkrc }dho 20

zchrw k ctpcrjcogc hw ho CA] prkcwwjkoha! jo Hwjh! Csrkpc! }dc Njmmac Chw}! Okr}d! Wks}d hom

Gco}rha Hncrjgh! }kfc}dcr vj}d nkrc }dho }co zchrw k jo}croh}jkoha CA] achmcrwdjp ctpcrjcogc/

Dc rcgco}az rc}jrcm }k w}hr} vrj}jof djw ncnkjrw/

Homz Gsr}jw



G K O U C O ] J K O

2 0 8 8

Pacohrz Wpchicrwkr Nkrcajh 2088

Ico Vjawko jw ho hs}dkr hom }rhjocr/ Dc dhw vrj}}co hbks} 70 CA] }j}acw! jogasmjof h mk|co wcrjcw

k gksrwc bkkiw/ Djw nkw} rcgco} gksrwc nh}crjha jogasmcw Wnhr} Gdkjgc kr KSP/ Dc hawk vrj}cw

wsppacnco}hrz nh}crjha! jogasmjof wic}gdcw hom wkofw! hom jo 2004! KSP psbajwdcm Mrhnh hom

Jnprkujwh}jko! h gkaacg}jko k nkrc }dho 30 k djw mrhnh hg}juj}jcw kr }chgdcrw/ Djw rw} CA]

psbajgh}jko vhw h gkaacg}jko k wkofw ghaacm Njw}cr Nkomhz! vdjgd vhw rcachwcm vdco dc vhw

27/ Wjogc }dco! dc dhw vrj}}co hom rcgkrmcm nkrc }dho 830 CA] wkofw! psbajwdcm hw habsnw kr

hw jo}cfrha phr}w k gksrwc nh}crjha/ Dc dhw hawk vrj}}co nkrc }dho h dsomrcm CA] rhmjk

hom }cacujwjko prkfrhnw kr }dc BBG! jogasmjof }z rhmjk wgrjp}w kr }dc Ekaakv Nc wcrjcw! }djr}z

Akki Hdchm ]U wgrjp}w hom h wcrjcw k pahzw ghaacm Mrhnh Ejrw}/

Ekr nhoz zchrw! Ico vhw hr}jw}jg mjrcg}kr k }dc Cofajwd ]chgdjof ]dch}rc! h gknphoz vdjgd

}ksrcm }dc vkram pcrkrnjof w}hfc.wdkvw kr achrocrw k Cofajwd/ ]dc C]] nhmc nkrc }dho 230

}ksrw }k 33 gkso}rjcw! jogasmjof wcucrha ujwj}w }k Nctjgk/ Ico ajucw jo Akomko vj}d djw vjc Mcmc

hom }vk gh}w hom vkriw jo h wdcm h} }dc com k djw fhrmco/

Ico Vjawko

Ihrco Ghmjcrk.Ihpaho! Prkcwwkr % Mcphr}nco} Gdhjr k Pkajgz W}smjcw jo Ahofshfc hom Grkww

Gsa}srha Cmsgh}jko h} Who Mjcfk W}h}c/ Achmcrwdjp jogasmcw< Phw}.Prcwjmco} k GH]CWKA $2005.

06*! gsrrco} Prcwjmco} k Ghajkrojhow ]kfc}dcr hom Gdhjr k }dc ]CWKA Hajh}c Achmcrwdjp

Gksogja/ Dcr rcwchrgd jw gkogcrocm vj}d }dc jnphg} cmsgh}jko hom ahofshfc pkajgjcw dhuc ko

gsrrjgsasn mcucakpnco} hom }chgdcr‚w prkcwwjkoha mcucakpnco} jo vkrijof vj}d Cofajwd

achrocrw/ Psbajgh}jkow jogasmc< ]dc Aj}crhgz Gsrrjgsasn % Bjajofsha Cmsgh}jko< H Grj}jgha Cthnj.

oh}jko/ 2088 ]dcnc Cmj}kr< GH]CWKA Lksroha< ]dc W}h}sw k CWA Prkcwwjkohaw jo I.82 Cmsgh}jko<

]dckrz! Prhg}jgc hom Pkaj}jgw/

Ihrco Ghmjcrk.Ihpaho

$RWH Mjp}ch! Nhw}crw jo Bswjocww Hmnjojw}rh}jko* dhw bcco joukaucm jo CA] hw h }chgdcr! }chgd.

cr }rhjocr hom hmnjojw}rh}kr kr kucr 70 zchrw/ Dc dhw vkricm jo J}haz! }dc S/I/ hom Nctjgk hom

h} prcwco} jw Mcps}z Mjrcg}kr Fcocrha k }dc Hofak Nctjgho Eksomh}jko/ Dc jw hawk hs}dkr k

wcucrha }ct}bkkiw kr hmsa}w hom wcgkomhrz acuca w}smco}w

Wjnko Brcvw}cr

Gsrrco}az wpcomw 30# k djw }jnc }rhucaajof }dc vkram ocfk}jh}jof! }rhjojof hom prcwco}jof/ Dc

dhw bcco h }chgdcr! MkW! hom prjogjpha jo Erhogc! Frccgc! Wphjo! Fcrnhoz! Jomkocwjh! Hsw}rhajh!

}dc SWH hom Nctjgk/ Ekrncraz Fcocrha Whacw Nhohfcr h} Cnbhwwz GCW bckrc bcgknjof Mjrcg.

}kr k Kpcrh}jkow SWH kr W}smz frksp dc rc}srocm }k }dc SI }drcc zchrw hfk }k }hic sp djw

gsrrco} pkwj}jko vj}d ]rjoj}z/ Dc dhw bcco h }chgdcr }rhjocr! ahofshfc cthnjocr hom rccahogc

}rhjocr jo bswjocww hom nhohfcnco}/ Dc dhw prcwco}cm hrksom }dc vkram bs} nkw} rcgco}az h}

]CWKA SWH! OHEWH hom W} Homrcvw

]dknhw Lkocw



25

Iczok}c Wpchicrwkr Nkrcajh 2088

Bco dhw }hsfd} Cofajwd jo Wphjo kr }vco}z zchrw hom gsrrco}az vkriw ko ]dc Ocv Wgdkka‚w

NH]CWKA prkfrhn $Ocv Zkri*/ Dc jw achm hs}dkr k }dc hmsa} gksrwcbkki wcrjcw —Ocv Erhnc.

vkri‚ hom —]dc Bjf Pjg}src‚ $bk}d Rjgdnkom*/ Djw jo}crcw}w jo CA] jogasmc jo}crgsa}srha hvhrc.

ocww! ujwsha aj}crhgz hom Vkram Cofajwdcw/

Bco Fkamw}cjo

Ghrka okv ajucw jo Who Erhogjwgk! Ghajkrojh! vrj}jof nh}crjhaw hom gkowsa}jof! hw vcaa hw bcjof

h phr}.}jnc acg}srcr ko }dc Ocv Wgdkka Ocv Zkri koajoc NH jo ]CWKA hom ho jow}rsg}kr h} SG

Bcricacz Ct}cowjko hom Gj}z Gkaacfc k Who Erhogjwgk/ Wdc jw gk.hs}dkr k }dc Hvcwknc! Oct}

W}cp hom ]dc Bjf Pjg}src gksrwcbkki wcrjcw psbajwdcm bz Rjgdnkom/

Ghrka Ac}dhbz

Gkoojc Lkdowko jw h Esaa Prkcwwkr! rcwchrgdcr hom }dc Gkkrmjoh}kr k }dc Nhw}cr½w jo Hppajcm

Ajofsjw}jgw prkfrhn h} }dc Sojucrwjmhm mc ahw Hncrjghw! Pscbah/ Wdc dhw hawk bcco }dc Hgh.

mcnjg Gdhjr hom }dc Prkfrhn Gdhjr k }dc NCT]CWKA Jo}croh}jkoha Gkouco}jkow wjogc 2008 hom

jw h hnjajhr hgc }k }dc Nct}cwka hsmjcogc

Gkoojc Lkdowko

Nhr}dh $PdM! Ahofshfc W}smjcw! Gho}crbsrz Gdrjw} Gdsrgd Sojucrwj}z hom NH ]CWKA! Vcw} Ujr.

fjojh Sojucrwj}z* jw h }chgdcr }rhjocr jo }dc JGCA] gksrwc hom BH ]CWKA h} }dc Ahofshfc Mc.

phr}nco} k }dc Sojucrwj}z k Fshohlsh}k/ Wdc jw hawk }dc Cmj}kr k }dc NCT]CWKA Lksroha hom

wcrucw ko }dc ]CWKA Oknjoh}jof Gknnj}}cc/

Nhr}dh Acofcajof



G K O U C O ] J K O

2 0 8 8

Iczok}c Wpchicrwkr Nkrcajh 2088

Dc jw h }chgdcr! }chgdcr }rhjocr hom jo}croh}jkoha hs}dkr rkn Ghohmh/ Dc jw }dc nhjo hs}dkr k

Nhgnjaaho‚w ocv hvhrm.vjoojof hom grj}jghaaz hggahjncm hmsa} gksrwc Fakbha $2080* hom vhw h

phr} k }dc hs}dkr }chn kr }dc pkpsahr W}rhjfd}krvhrm Wcrjcw/ Ajomwhz dhw vko prcw}jfjksw

rcgkfoj}jko kr djw vrj}jof! nkw} ok}hbaz kr Fakbha hom Mchajof vj}d Mjgsa}jcw $Mca}h Psbajwd.

jof! vj}d gk.hs}dkr Asic Prkmrknks* bk}d k vdjgd chrocm djn h ujwj} }k Bsgijofdhn Phahgc

}k rcgcjuc ho hvhrm rkn }dc Msic k Cmjobsrfd/ H}cr }chgdjof jo Nctjgk! Wphjo hom }dc SI

Ajomwhz bcfho djw vrj}jof ghrccr vj}d }dc vcbwj}c Kocw}kpcofajwd/ Dc bcghnc h rcfsahr h}cr

vjoojof }dc Acwwko Wdhrc gknpc}j}jko }drcc }jncw jo h rkv/

Ajomwhz Gahocam

Gkouco}jko WgdkahrwdjpwChgd zchr NCT]CWKA hvhrmw }drcc Ncrj} Wgdka.hrwdjpw kr }chgdcrw / Jo hmmj}jko }k }dh}! chgdNCT]CWKA Akgha Gdhp}cr frho}w }chgdcrw }dc kp.pkr}soj}z }k h}}com }dc Gkouco}jko/ Dcrc hrc }djw

zchr‚w vjoocrw/

• Asjw Lkuhooj Rkmrîfsc| Ucaè|xsc|

• Nhosca Nêomc| F÷nc|

• Wcacoc Cw}rcaah Ghw}jaak

• Lh|nîo Ocuhrcw Mc Ah ]krrc

• Rcbcgh Mîh| Ehrîhw

•

Lcooh Brjffw.Ejwd• Ghrakw Fhrgîh Msrèo

• Cnjaz Ng Ghr}dz

• Nhrîh Mca Ghrnco Ucfh Uhamc|

• Bch}rj| Hmrjhoh Ohuhrrc}c Rjkw

• ]crcwh Mc Lcwüw \hph}h ]krrcw

• Mhnhrjw Hxsjok Pcøh

• Mcojwc Wgdsnn Akwkzh• Cmoh Asgjah Wkwh Kwsoh

• Okrnh Hofêajgh Who}joj A÷pc|

• Nhrîh Fshmhaspc Hanhfscr Wjcrrh

• Hîmh Akrcoh Rkmrîfsc| Akhj|h

• Lsho Lkwê Èujah

• Okc Rhnjrc| Rknk

• \kjah Mcafhmk Fko|èac|

Iccp jo }ksgd vj}d zksr Akgha Gdhp}cr/ Oct} zchrZKSR ohnc gksam bc ko }djw ajw}(



24

JJ Jo}croh}jkoha Wznpkwjsn C}dokfrhpdjg cogkso}crw vj}dgdjamrco hom hmkacwgco}w jo cmsgh}jkoha gko}ct}w

Mh}c< Kg}kbcr 2=.23! 2088Ucosc< Sojucrwjmhm mc Ah Whaac Bkfk}è! Gkaknbjh

TTU EKRK MC CWPCGJHAJW]HW SOJUCRWJ]HRJKW CO ACOFSHW CT]RHOLCRHW $ECSAC*

‑Joucw}jfhgj÷o z Prkcwjkohaj|hgj÷o mc ah Prèg}jgh Cmsgh}juh„! Cmjgj÷o 2088

Mh}c< Okucnbcr 85}d }k 84}d! 2088Ucosc< Gco}rk mc Cw}smjkw Huho|hmkw z mc Ct}cowj÷o! SOHGD

74}d PR]CWKA Hoosha Gkouco}jkoMh}c< Okucnbcr 84}d }k 8:}d! 2088

Ucosc< Pscr}k Rjgk Gco}cr jo Who Lshod}}p<++vvv/pscr}krjgk}cwka/krf+

]CWKA Jo}croh}jkoha =5}d Hoosha Gkocrcogc ‑H Mcgahrh}jko k Ctgcaacogc„Mh}c< Nhrgd 24}d.78w}! 2082

Ucosc< Pcoowzauhojh Gkouco}jko Gco}cr! Pdjahmcapdjhd}}p<++vvv/}cwkagkouco}jko/krf+

JH]CEA =5}d Hoosha Gkocrcogc hom Ctdjbj}jko/Mh}c< Nhrgd 8:}d.27rm! 2082

Ucosc< Wgk}}jwd Ctdjbj}jko % Gkocrcogc Gco}rc! Fahwfkvd}}p<++vvv/jh}c/krf+fahwfkv.2082+=5}d.hoosha.gkocrcogc.hom.ctdjbj}jko

Spgknjof Cuco}w



K S R N C N B C R W

Bcr}dh Fknc| Nhxsck! ksomjof ncnbcr k NCT]CWKA hom nsgd bcakucm bz nhoz fcocrh}jkow k w}smco}w hom }chgdcrw hajic! gcacbrh}cm dcr :6}d bjr}dmhz }djw Wcp}cnbcr/ Bcr}dh vhw Prcwjmco} k NCT]CWKA jo 8:64 vdco }dc Jo}croh.}jkoha ]CWKA Gkouco}jko vhw dcam jo Nctjgk Gj}z/ W}homjof bcwjmc dcr jw Sarjgd

Wgdrhmcr! NCT]CWKA Hghmcnjg Gkowsa}ho}/

Erkn Ksr Ncnbcrw

NCT]CWKA Eksomjof Ncnbcr

Gcacbrh}cw :6}d Bjr}dmhz/



70

]dc NCT]CWKA Lksroha! h prkcwwjkoha psbajgh}jko k }dc Nctjgho Hwwkgjh}jko k ]chgdck Cofajwd wjogc 8:65! jw mcmjgh}cm prjnhrjaz }k }dc gahwwrkkn Cofajwd }chgdcr jo Nctjgkjw psbajwdcm }drcc }jncw h zchr hom hpprktjnh}caz 2!000 gkpjcw hrc mjw}rjbs}cm/ Hr}jg

hom bkki rcujcvw rcah}cm }k CEA }chgdjof jo Nctjgho! Ah}jo Hncrjgho hom k}dcr wjnjgko}ct}w }drksfdks} }dc vkram hrc hggcp}cm kr psbajgh}jko jo cj}dcr Cofajwd kr WphojHr}jgacw gho bc cj}dcr prhg}jgha kr }dckrc}jgha jo oh}src/ ]dc NCT]CWKA Lksroha hjnw }k ncnbcr+rchmcr.rjcomaz hom }k gko}rjbs}c }k gahwwrkkn }chgdcrw‚ somcrw}homjof k }prkgcwwcw k ahofshfc }chgdjof hom achrojof hom }k jnprkuc }dcjr }chgdjof prhg}jgc/

]dc ncnbcrw k }dc NCT]CWKA LksrohaCmj}krjha Bkhrm gknc rkn jow}j}s}jkow rcp.rcwco}jof }dc vjmc fckfrhpdjg rchgd k }dc

Hwwkgjh}jko hom }dc mjucrwc }chgdjof wj}sh.}jkow ksom jo Nctjgk/

RCECRCCM HR]JGACW< H rcwchrgdcm.bhwcmhr}jgac wdksam rcpkr} krjfjoha rcwchrgd krmjwgsww rcwchrgd.rcah}cm jwwscw/ ]djw }zpck hr}jgac jw swshaaz wsbnj}}cm hw rccrccm$lsmfcm hw hggcp}hbac! gkomj}jkocm! kr so.hggcp}hbac bz }vk ncnbcrw k }dc Cmj}k.

rjha Bkhrm*/ H ok}c rcfhrmjof rccrccm w}h}swjw fjuco vj}d }dc psbajwdcm hr}jgac/

OKO.RCECRCCM HR]JGACW< Oko.rccrccmhr}jgacw swshaaz jogasmc bkki rcujcvw! mc.wgrjp}jkow k gahwwrkkn prhg}jgc vdjgd mkok} joukauc rjfkrksw rcwchrgd! hom hoz k}d.cr prcujkswaz sopsbajwdcm hr}jgacw rcacuho}}k CEA prkcwwjkohaw jo Nctjgk/

Wcom zksr nhoswgrjp} $jo Vkrm* }kfc}dcrvj}d haa k }dc }hbacw! frhpdw! hom rccrcogcw jo ho h}}hgdnco} hggknphozjof zksr cac}rkojg ncwwhfc w}h}jof vdc}dcr zks vksam ajic zksr hr}jgac wsbnjwwjko }k bc rccrccm oko.rccrccm hom vj}d haa }dc ocgcwwhrz gko}hg} jokrnh}jko }k< Nhr}dh Acofcajof! Cmj}jo.Gdjc! acofcajof@dk}nhja/gkn

Ekr sr}dcr jokrnh}jko! pachwc gkowsa} }dc Cmj}krjha Pkajgz Phfcw ko }dc Lksroha ajoi ko }vcbphfc! vvv/nct}cwka/krf/nt kr gko}hg} }dc Cmj}kr.jo.Gdjc/ vvv/nct}cwka/oc}+lksr

NCT]CWKA Lksroha

Ghaa kr Phpcrw 2088



F R H O ] W % W G D K A H R W D

J P W



NCT]CWKA ‗ Jnprkujof Cofajwd Ahofshfc ]chgdjof jo Nctjgk

Jo }dc gsrrco} jwwsc<

Wpchijof W}rh}cfjcw Swcm bz BH CA] W}smco}w jo Psbajg Sojucrwj}jcw jo NctjgkNhrj|h Nêomc| A÷pc|

Swjof Achrojof Kblcg}w jo Cofajwd Ahofshfc Jow}rsg}jko h} h Nctjgho Sojucrwj}z< ]chgdcr Jook.uh}jko hom W}smco} RcwpkowcwZkik Whisrhj! Rhgdca Mkocawko

72

Cmj}krjha Bkhrm Ocvw

]dc Cmj}krw k }dc NCT]CWKA Lksroha vksam ajic }k vcagknc }dc ksr ocv

ncnbcrw k }dc Cmj}krjha Bkhrm vdk vcrc cacg}cm }k }dcjr pkwj}jkow hw rc.ujcvcrw kr }dc pcrjkm Lhoshrz 2082 ‗ Mcgcnbcr 2086<

Jrcoc Hajgc

Rs}d Bho

Lkdo Rkbz Frkwwj

Ajajhoh Ujaahakbkw

Gkofrh}sah}jkow ko bcgknjof phr} k ho jnpkr}ho} hghmcnjg hwpcg} k NCT.]CWKA‚w njwwjko(



Hw kgjh gj÷o Nc tjgh oh m c Nh c w } r kw m c Jof aê w ! NCT] CW K A! H/G /Nc tjgh o Hw w kgjh } jko ke ]c h gdc r w ke Cof ajw d! NCT] CW K A! H/ G

Pkogjhok Hrr jhfh O k/ 2 7 Jo} / 8 0 0 !Gka ]hbhghacrh! Nê tjgk M/E/ ! G /P/ 05070

]ca 33 55 42 4=08400 040 0882

hmnjojw}rhg jko@ nct}cwka /krf /nt

Documents

Mextesol Newsletter No. 2, 2011