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PARTNERSHIPS IN SUPPORT OF CAADP

Promotion of growth, poverty reduction Promotion of growth, poverty reduction and climate change adaptation through and climate change adaptation through Land and Water ManagementLand and Water Management

Elijah Phiri (PhD)Elijah Phiri (PhD)

CAADP Pillar 1/University of ZambiaCAADP Pillar 1/University of Zambia

ReSAKSS Africawide Conference, Addis Ababa, November 23-24, 2009ReSAKSS Africawide Conference, Addis Ababa, November 23-24, 2009


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BackgroundBackgroundClimate ChangeClimate ChangeCAADP Pillar 1CAADP Pillar 1SLWM InitiativesSLWM InitiativesConclusionConclusion


BackgroundBackground• Agriculture currently accounts for 24% of world Agriculture currently accounts for 24% of world

output, and uses 40% of land area (FAO output, and uses 40% of land area (FAO 2003): Africa->>>not encouraging (2003): Africa->>>not encouraging (nutrient & nutrient &

water managementwater management))• Agriculture is predominantly rainfed & highly Agriculture is predominantly rainfed & highly

dependent on the climate/variability;dependent on the climate/variability;• Human dependence on agricultural livelihoods, Human dependence on agricultural livelihoods,

particularly by the poor, is high;particularly by the poor, is high;• Agriculture has been a focus of those modeling Agriculture has been a focus of those modeling

the impact of climate change on poverty;the impact of climate change on poverty;


• Land and water are the primary natural Land and water are the primary natural resources necessary for agriculture, food resources necessary for agriculture, food production and rural development in most production and rural development in most African countriesAfrican countries

• If used in proper association with suitable If used in proper association with suitable technologies and related resources, there is technologies and related resources, there is capacity to enable African agricultural capacity to enable African agricultural production to outpace growing demand production to outpace growing demand despite declining availability of per capita despite declining availability of per capita land and water resourcesland and water resources


Climate ChangeClimate ChangeProjections suggest that, by the end of the Projections suggest that, by the end of the

21st century, climate change could have 21st century, climate change could have had substantial impact on agricultural had substantial impact on agricultural production -the scope for reducing povertyproduction -the scope for reducing poverty

The short term impacts of climate change, The short term impacts of climate change, particularly changes in the frequency and particularly changes in the frequency and severity of adverse weather events, remain severity of adverse weather events, remain uncertain, but their impacts on many uncertain, but their impacts on many developing countries are likely to be developing countries are likely to be negativenegative


Responses to climate change can either Responses to climate change can either seek to reduce the level or rate of seek to reduce the level or rate of change(change(mitigationmitigation) or manage its ) or manage its consequences (consequences (adaptationadaptation););

We are We are concerned here with both types concerned here with both types of response;of response;


Main drivers of Land and Ecosystem Main drivers of Land and Ecosystem DegradationDegradation

• Climate change:Climate change:– changes in temperature and precipitation changes in temperature and precipitation

trendstrends– Increased frequency of extreme events, such Increased frequency of extreme events, such

as droughts and floodsas droughts and floods

• Agricultural expansion:Agricultural expansion:– loss of wild habitatsloss of wild habitats– loss of agrobiodiversity and medicinal plants loss of agrobiodiversity and medicinal plants – deforestatiodeforestation


Core PrioritiesCore Priorities

Recognize that water is a primary Recognize that water is a primary medium through which climate medium through which climate change impacts will be felt;change impacts will be felt;

Recognize the critical nature of Recognize the critical nature of Climate Change Adaptation;Climate Change Adaptation;

Recognize the need for regional and Recognize the need for regional and transboundary cooperation and co-transboundary cooperation and co-ordination;ordination;


Recognize capacity building needs Recognize capacity building needs for climate change adaptation;for climate change adaptation;

Recognize the need for enhancing Recognize the need for enhancing international institutional international institutional arrangements and mechanisms;arrangements and mechanisms;

Recognize the need for ecosystem Recognize the need for ecosystem preservation, protection and preservation, protection and rehabilitation for climate change rehabilitation for climate change adaptation;adaptation;


CAADP Pillar 1CAADP Pillar 1


SLWMSLWMSLWM considered as a:SLWM considered as a:Foundation for Sustainable Foundation for Sustainable

Agriculture;Agriculture;Strategic component of sustainable Strategic component of sustainable

development, food security, poverty development, food security, poverty alleviation and ecosystem healthalleviation and ecosystem health

Knowledge-based procedure for using Knowledge-based procedure for using natural resources for production of natural resources for production of goods and services to meet changing goods and services to meet changing human needs human needs


INVESTMENT & POLICY PRIORITY INVESTMENT & POLICY PRIORITY AREASAREAS

LAND MANAGEMTLAND MANAGEMT ANDANDWATER CONTROLWATER CONTROL

•INFRASTRUCTURE ANDMARKET ACCESS

HUNGER,PRODUCTIONSAFETY NETS

RESEARCHAND

TECHNOLOGY

Land ManagementLand Managementand Soil fertilityand Soil fertility

Agriculture WaterAgriculture Waterand Irrigationand Irrigation

Land Policy andLand Policy andAdministrationAdministration

Global TradeGlobal TradePolicies andPolicies andAgreementsAgreements

Export Export Infrastructure Infrastructure and market Chainand market ChainDevelopmentDevelopment

Quality ControlQuality Control& Management& ManagementSystemsSystems

Food Food EmergencyEmergencyManagementManagement

Research andResearch andInnovationInnovationsystemssystems

DisseminationDissemination and Knowledgeand KnowledgeManagementManagementsystemssystems


SLWM ComponentsSLWM Components

LandLandLandLandWaterWaterWaterWater

policypolicypolicypolicy

““Transcends across sub-sectors”Transcends across sub-sectors”

11

22

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Aim of Framework: Aim of Framework: Coalition-building amongst key Coalition-building amongst key

stakeholders;stakeholders;Empowerment of national and regional Empowerment of national and regional

stakeholdersstakeholders;; Improvement of collection, management Improvement of collection, management

and dissemination of knowledge; and dissemination of knowledge; Identification, mobilization and Identification, mobilization and

harmonization of investment fundsharmonization of investment funds;;Scaling up of investments;Scaling up of investments;


Pillar Framework FunctionsPillar Framework Functions Quality assurance in the analysisQuality assurance in the analysis Support/Guide to the design of investment programmesSupport/Guide to the design of investment programmes Provision of tools and analytical instruments for:Provision of tools and analytical instruments for:

M&EM&E StocktakingStocktaking Stakeholder analysisStakeholder analysis Reviews – C/B analysis; PER; Sector performance, Reviews – C/B analysis; PER; Sector performance,

etc…etc… Institutional capacity assessmentInstitutional capacity assessment Identification priority drivers of growthIdentification priority drivers of growth

Provision/access to lessons learntProvision/access to lessons learnt Fostering alignment to leverage resources /economics of Fostering alignment to leverage resources /economics of

scalescale Guide in the application/adaptation the principles of Guide in the application/adaptation the principles of

CAADP/NEPADCAADP/NEPAD Development/nurturing networks of expertiseDevelopment/nurturing networks of expertise


Country-level benefits: Country-level benefits: Review, revise, harmonize and Review, revise, harmonize and

coordinated efforts at policy, strategy, coordinated efforts at policy, strategy, technical and program level;technical and program level;

Expand and consolidate actions that Expand and consolidate actions that support SLWMsupport SLWM;;

Benefits from increased flow of Benefits from increased flow of qualitative information and expertise; qualitative information and expertise;

Better harmony of investment fundsBetter harmony of investment funds;;Provide mutual encouragement and Provide mutual encouragement and

support and commitment to SLWM;support and commitment to SLWM;Peer review mechanismPeer review mechanism


CAADP Pillar 1 Initiatives


13th AU Summit Theme:

“Investing in Agriculture for Economic Growth and Food

Security”

13th AU Summit Theme:

“Investing in Agriculture for Economic Growth and Food

Security”

Sub-Theme A

“Climate Change:

Opportunities for enhanced

investments and growth of African

Agriculture”

Sub-Theme A

“Climate Change:

Opportunities for enhanced

investments and growth of African

Agriculture”

Sub-Theme D

“Stimulating participation of the poor and

other vulnerable groups in rural

economic activities”

Sub-Theme D

“Stimulating participation of the poor and

other vulnerable groups in rural

economic activities”

Sub-Theme C

“Investment Financing:

Making African Agriculture a

viable investment

option”

Sub-Theme C

“Investment Financing:

Making African Agriculture a

viable investment

option”

Sub-Theme B

“Regional Agriculture trade

and market systems: Issues

and challenges for stimulating economic

transformation and growth in

Africa”

Sub-Theme B

“Regional Agriculture trade

and market systems: Issues

and challenges for stimulating economic

transformation and growth in

Africa”


Climate ChangeClimate Change

climate variability and climate change is and will be climate variability and climate change is and will be key factor to the agricultural development agendakey factor to the agricultural development agenda

land degradation undermines food-security and land degradation undermines food-security and increases the vulnerability of African economies to increases the vulnerability of African economies to climate variabilityclimate variability

Development of an African Agricultural-based Development of an African Agricultural-based climate change mitigation and adaptation climate change mitigation and adaptation framework will framework will provide strategic guidance and toolsprovide strategic guidance and tools to national and regional level initiatives to to national and regional level initiatives to scale up scale up adoptionadoption of sustainable land and agriculture water of sustainable land and agriculture water managementmanagement


Development of Agriculture Development of Agriculture based Climate Change based Climate Change Adaption Framework :Adaption Framework :

•Seeks to help maintain a high degree of Seeks to help maintain a high degree of emphasis on emphasis on linkageslinkages between climate change, between climate change, sustainable land management, food security, and sustainable land management, food security, and poverty alleviation in Africa in policy and poverty alleviation in Africa in policy and development programmingdevelopment programming;;

•Seeks to highlight Seeks to highlight rolesroles and and synergiessynergies across across different partners in addressing climate change in different partners in addressing climate change in African agriculture;African agriculture;


•Seeks to help in Seeks to help in facilitatingfacilitating the the collaborationcollaboration and and coordinationcoordination of efforts in climate change policy, of efforts in climate change policy, research and development as it relates to research and development as it relates to agriculture; agriculture;

•Seeks to provide a clear and Seeks to provide a clear and compelling compelling investment programme investment programme for African agriculture for African agriculture that delivers on the twin objectives of meeting that delivers on the twin objectives of meeting current food security needs whilst building current food security needs whilst building capacity of rural systems and agricultural assets capacity of rural systems and agricultural assets (e.g. soils) to offset or respond to climate change (e.g. soils) to offset or respond to climate change effectseffects


Framework structureFramework structure

Organisations

Partnerships Policies

Technologies

R&DTrainingScaling up bestScaling up best

practices in Climatepractices in Climatechangechange

adaptation-mitigationadaptation-mitigationin farmingin farming

Capacity Building

Financing

Knowledge Manageme

nt


Key value elements of the Key value elements of the Framework Framework

Provide for Provide for comprehensive, systematic and coherent omprehensive, systematic and coherent programming;programming;

Provide for systematic reforms in policies;Provide for systematic reforms in policies;

Focus attention to organizational and human capacity Focus attention to organizational and human capacity needs;needs;

Provide for integrated and programmatic Provide for integrated and programmatic approach across the sectors, disciplines, ecosystems as well approach across the sectors, disciplines, ecosystems as well as trans-boundary;as trans-boundary;

Guidelines for information/knowledge and analytical Guidelines for information/knowledge and analytical skills support;skills support;


Agriculture based Climate Change Agriculture based Climate Change Adaption Framework (CCA)Adaption Framework (CCA)

The purpose of the CAADP CC Adaptation Framework is to:The purpose of the CAADP CC Adaptation Framework is to: Outline a set of principles, actions, roles and Outline a set of principles, actions, roles and

responsibilities, and financing recommendationsresponsibilities, and financing recommendations

guide diagnosis, design and implementing agricultural-guide diagnosis, design and implementing agricultural-based climate change adaptation-mitigation programmesbased climate change adaptation-mitigation programmes

Integrate CCA to the CAADP Pillar 1 frameworkIntegrate CCA to the CAADP Pillar 1 framework

Guide engagement at all levels from continental to Guide engagement at all levels from continental to national/local and across the levels on CCnational/local and across the levels on CC


Other initiatives:Other initiatives: Flagship projects on up-scaling of Conservation Flagship projects on up-scaling of Conservation

Agriculture as mitigation strategy for climate Agriculture as mitigation strategy for climate change- 2 million householder target;change- 2 million householder target;

Carbon trading…take advantage;Carbon trading…take advantage; Development of mitigation and adaptation Development of mitigation and adaptation

framework for agriculture -initial stages;framework for agriculture -initial stages; Development of country support tools Development of country support tools Development of M&E matrix -indicators;Development of M&E matrix -indicators; Development of manual on selected best Development of manual on selected best

practices;practices; Establishment and nurturing of expert pool and Establishment and nurturing of expert pool and

specialist networks;specialist networks;


ConclusionConclusion

SLWM is an entry point for adaptation:SLWM is an entry point for adaptation:Climate risk managementClimate risk managementFood securityFood securityAlternative livelihoodsAlternative livelihoods

Mainstreaming of adaptation into Mainstreaming of adaptation into development planning and policy should development planning and policy should happen concurrently with SLWM happen concurrently with SLWM mainstreaming through one coordinated mainstreaming through one coordinated processprocess


Vulnerability and risk assessment Vulnerability and risk assessment should be integrated into existing policy should be integrated into existing policy frameworks, programmes and projects frameworks, programmes and projects that address land degradation in areas that address land degradation in areas with high climate-related riskswith high climate-related risks

Strengthening of the coping and Strengthening of the coping and resilience of SLWM systems and resilience of SLWM systems and technologies should build on existing technologies should build on existing expertise in SLWMexpertise in SLWM


Thanks for your attention…

Thanks for your attention…

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