Bab 2 Transportasi Bahan2

8/19/2019 Bab 2 Transportasi Bahan2

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Created by Tri Hartono, 2007

BAB II TRANSPORTASI

BAHAN

TIK:

1. Menjelaskan peralatan belt conveyor

2. Menjelaskan peralatan scre conveyor

!. Menjelaskan b"cket conveyor


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2.1 Pendahuluan

#ala$ s"at" ind"stri, pe$inda%an ba%an baik ba%an$enta% (raw material), ba%an seten&a% jadi(intermediate product), $a"p"n ba%an jadi (product) $er"pakan persoalan yan& c"k"p pentin& "nt"k e'isiensidan e'ekti'itas secara kesel"r"%an proses. (er$aca$)

$aca$ peralatan transportasi diperl"kan &"nape$inda%an ba%an ini na$"n didala$ bab ini %anyadiba%as peralatan transportasi ba%an padat, k%"s"snya$en&&"nakan belt conveyor, screw conveyor , danbucket conveyor .

Conveyor it" sendiri diklasi'ikasikan dl$: (elt Conveyor *cre Conveyor ("cket Conveyor


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2.2 Belt Conveyor

Belt conveyor terdiri dari d"a pulley di$anaberoperasi dala$ sat" sikl"s secara kontiny" danconveyor belt berp"tar diantara ked"a p"lley.*ala% sat" ata" ked"a p"lley dapat diberikantena&a p"tar $elal"i $otor se%in&&a$en&&erakkan belt keara% yan& diin&inkan ses"aiden&an &erakan p"tar p"lley. Pulley yan&

ber&erak dina$akan p"lley pen&&erak (drive pulley) dan yan& tidak di&erakkan dina$akanidler .


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(elt Conveyor

+da d"a kate&ori "ta$a ind"stribelt conveyor "nt"k penan&anantransportasi ba%an, yait":

pe$inda%an bo didala$ pabrikdan pe$inda%an ba%an padat -b"lk

seperti &rain, coal, ores, etc yan&$ana biasanya berada dil"ar

lokasi pabrik.


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/rain Transportation


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Belt Bend

(elt it" sendiri terb"at darisat" ata" lebi% lapisanba%an yan& keta%anannyadises"aikan den&an j"$la%dan jenis ba%an yan& akandipinda%kan. (elt conveyorterpanjan& di d"nia saat ini$encapai 100 k$ di *a%ara(arat "nt"k $e$inda%kanp%osp%ate $ines dari ("Craa ke pantai selatan l) +i"n-%ttp:en.ikipedia.or&ikiConveyorbelt. *edan&kansin&le belt conveyor

terpanjan& beroperasi dariMe&%alaya di India ke*yl%et di (an&lades%berjarak 17 $iles "nt"k$einda%kan bat" kap"r(limestone).

Belt Bend


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Conveyor Type

Enclosed Powertrack conveyor Roller Conveyor


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2.3 Screw Conveyor

*cre conveyor terdiridari s"at" pipa berp"tardi$ana bila% berbent"k%eliks berada padaper$"kaan pipa yan&

ber'"n&si "nt"k$e$baa ba%an yan&akan dipinda%kan.Conveyor ini cocok"nt"k $e$inda%kanba%an berbent"k

&ran"lar, $isal ja&"n&,poli$er, dll.


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Archimedes Screw Conveyor


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Rotary Feeder

3en&&"naan "ta$a dari alatini "nt"k $en&el"arkan ba%andari %opper ata" bins kedala$conveyor. 4enis ba%an yan&

dipinda%kan antara lain: ore,s"&ar, $inerals, &rains,plastics, d"st, 'ly as%, 'lo"r,&yps"$, li$e, co''ee, cereals,p%ar$ace"ticals, etc.Ind"stries re5"irin& t%is typeare ce$ent, asp%alt, c%e$ical,$inin& , plastics, 'ood, etc.(ersa$a)sa$a alat initer&ab"n& den&an rotaryairlock 'eeder,


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2.4 Bucket Conveyor

("cket conveyor serin&kali diseb"t den&an

b"cket elevator yan& bekerja secara kontiny"

dan $a$p" $e$inda%kan ba%an sa$pai

den&an kapasitas 12000 $! per ja$. (iasanya

conveyor ini di&"nakan dala$ perta$ban&an.

(a%kan $esin terbesar jenis ini seberat 1000ton dan berdiri setin&&i 100 $ den&an panjan&

kira)kira 200 $.


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The Bagger 288 in Garzweiler, Germany


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Contoh ain Bucket Conveyor


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Contoh ain Bucket Conveyor


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2.! Conveyor Type Selection

". Chute Conveyor

6nit("lk 8n)9loor +cc"$"late

Inepensive

6sed to link to %andlin&devices 6sed to provide

acc"$"lation in s%ippin&areas

6sed to convey ite$s

beteen 'loors #i''ic"lt to control position

o' t%e ite$s


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2. #heel Conveyor

6nit 8n)9loor +cc"$"late

6ses a series o'skate%eels $o"nted on as%a't -or ale, %erespacin& o' t%e %eels isdependent on t%e load

bein& transported *lope 'or &ravity $ove$ent

depends on load ei&%t More econo$ical t%an t%e

roller conveyor 9or li&%t)d"ty applications

9leible, epandableversions available


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3. Roller Conveyor

6nit 8n)9loor +cc"$"late May be poered -or live or nonpoered -or &ravity

Materials $"st %ave a ri&id ridin& s"r'ace Mini$"$ o' t%ree rollers $"st s"pport s$allest loads at all ti$es Tapered rollers on c"rves "sed to $aintain load orientation


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3$a% &ravity RollerConveyor

+lternative to %eelconveyor

9or %eavy)d"ty

applications *lope 'or &ravity

$ove$ent dependson load ei&%t

9or acc"$"latin&loads


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3$'% ive $(owered%

Roller Conveyor

(elt or c%ain driven 9orce)sensitive

trans$ission can be

"sed to disen&a&erollers 'or acc"$"lation 9or acc"$"latin& loads

and $er&in&sortin&operations

3rovides li$ited incline$ove$ent capabilities


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4. Chain Conveyor

6nit In)8n)9loor o +cc"$"late

6ses one or $ore endlessc%ains on %ic% loads arecarried directly

3arallel c%aincon'i&"ration "sed totransport pallets

Vertical chain conveyor "sed 'or contin"o"s %i&%)'re5"ency vertical

trans'ers -c'. verticalconveyor "sed 'or lo)'re5"ency inter$ittenttrans'ers


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!. Slat Conveyor

6nit In)8n)9loor o

+cc"$"late 6ses discretely spaced slatsconnected to a c%ain

6nit bein& transported retains itsposition -like a belt conveyor

8rientation and place$ent o' t%eload is controlled

6sed 'or %eavy loads or loadst%at $i&%t da$a&e a belt

(ottlin& and cannin& plants "se'lat c%ain or slat conveyorsbeca"se o' et conditions,te$perat"re, and cleanlinessre5"ire$ents

Tilt slat conveyor "sed 'orsortation


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). Flat Belt Conveyor

*nit + ,n-Floor + o Accumulate

For transportin/ li/ht- and medium-wei/ht loads 'etween operations0departments0 levels0 and 'uildin/s

#hen an incline or decline is re1uired (rovides considera'le control over the

orientation and placement o the load. o smooth accumulation0 mer/in/0 and

sortin/ on the 'elt The 'elt is roller or slider 'ed

supported the slider 'ed is used orsmall and irre/ularly shaped items

n "5!60 B.F. &oodrich0 Co. patented the78'ius strip or conveyin/ hot ora'rasive su'stances in order to have9'oth9 sides wear e1ually


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6. 7a/netic Belt Conveyor

Bulk + ,n-Floor

A steel 'elt and either a

ma/netic slider 'ed or a

ma/netic pulley is used

To transport errous

materials vertically0

upside down0 and

around corners


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:. Trou/hed Belt Conveyor

Bulk + ,n-Floor *sed to transport 'ulk

materials

#hen loaded0 the 'elt

conorms to the shape o the

trou/hed rollers and idlers


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5. Bucket Conveyor

("lk 8n)9loor 6sed to $ove

b"lk $aterials in avertical or inclinedpat%

("ckets are

attac%ed to acable, c%ain, orbelt

("ckets area"to$atically

"nloaded at t%eend o' t%econveyor r"n


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";.


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"". Screw Conveyor Bulk + ,n-Floor

Consists o a tu'e or *-shaped stationary trou/h throu/h which a

shat-mounted heli> revolves to push loose material orward in ahori?ontal or inclined direction

,ne o the most widely used conveyors in the processin/ industry

7any applications in a/ricultural and chemical processin/

#ater screw developed circa 2!; BC 'y Archimedes


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"3.


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"3$a%


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"3$'% Reciprocatin/


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"). Trolley Conveyor

6nit 8ver%ead o +cc"$"late 6ses a series o' trolleys

s"pported 'ro$ or it%inan over%ead track

Trolleys are e5"ally

spaced in a closed looppat% and are s"spended'ro$ a c%ain

Carriers are "sed to carry$"ltiple "nits o' prod"ct

#oes not provide 'or

acc"$"lation Co$$only "sed in

processin&, asse$bly,packa&in&, and stora&eoperations


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"6. (ower-and-Free Conveyor

6nit 8ver%ead8n)9loor +cc"$"late

*i$ilar to trolley conveyor d"eto "se o' discretely spacedcarriers transported by anover%ead c%ain= %oever, t%epoer)and)'ree conveyor "ses

to tracks: one poered andt%e ot%er nonpoered -or 'ree

Carriers can be disen&a&ed'ro$ t%e poer c%ain andacc"$"lated or sitc%ed ontosp"rs

Ter$ed an Inverted Power-and-Free Conveyor %entracks are located on t%e 'loor


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Standard Conveyor

@ $&erman%

"!!4#r"$ 'riction test 66")>"bber prod"cts= re5"ire$ents 'or stora&e, cleanin& and

$aintenance "2::2Conveyor belts 'or &eneral "se= electrical and 'la$$ability

sa'ety re5"ire$ents "3:26*teel cord conveyor belts= deter$ination o' displace$ent o'

steel cords 2;34;9la$$ability o' conveyor belts= speci'ications and $et%od o'

test 22";;*ynt%etic $aterials 'or "se in "nder&ro"nd coal $ines 22";"(asics 'or t%e desin& o' belt conveyors -ne version o'

?2002 s"persedin& t%e 1@?2 iss"e 22";2Tetile carcass conveyor belts 22";39ire resistant conveyor belts 'or coal $inin& 22";4 +ntistatic conveyor belts= re5"ire$ents and testin& 22";5Tetile carcass conveyor belts 'or "nder&ro"nd coal $ines

-Asel')etin&"is%in&B &rades


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22"";Testin& o' splices 22""2(elt conveyors 'or "nder&ro"nd coal $inin& 22""6Conveyor belts 'or coal $inin&= deter$ination o' t%e li$itin&

oy&en inde -8I 22"":Tetile carcass conveyor belts 'or "se in "nder&ro"nd coal

$ines= 'ire testin& 22"2;*craper r"bber 'or "nder&ro"nd coal $inin& 22"2"Tetile carcass conveyor belts 'or coal $inin&= per$anent

joints 22"25*teel cord conveyor belts 'or "nder&ro"nd coal $inin&

-Cross)section 22"3"*teel cord conveyor belts 2:;54*teel cord conveyor belts= ad%esion stren&t% test o' core to

cover layer

!3!;4Testin& o' breakin& stren&t% and elon&ation o' r"bber !3!;!Testin& o' %ardness o' r"bber -*%ore + and # !3!;6Testin& o' tear stren&t% o' r"bber !3!")Testin& o' abrasion resistance o' r"bberote: +ll #I

standards are copyri&%t o' and are availble 'ro$ (e"t%)Derla& in(erlin: %ttp:.$ybe"t%.de


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S, $#orld% 2!"2;;3Conveyor belts it% tetile carcass ) Eidt%s and len&t%s 2!2"5::Conveyor belts ) 3ly ad%esion beteen constit"tive

ele$ents ) Test $et%od and re5"ire$ents 2!2-""555Tetile conveyor belts ) +d%esive stren&t% beteen

constit"tive ele$ents ) Met%ods o' test 2:2"552Conveyor belts F sa$plin&

2:3"55;Conveyor belts ) 9"ll t%ickness tensile stren&t% andelon&ation ) *peci'ications and $et%od o' test 2:3-"2;;"Tetile conveyor belts ) #eter$ination o' tensile stren&t%,

elon&ation at break and elon&ation at t%e re'erence load 2:42;;4Conveyor belts ) lectrical cond"ctivity ) *peci'ication and

test $et%od

34;"5::Conveyor belts ) 9la$e retardation ) *peci'ications andtest $et%od 432"5:53ly type conveyor belts ) C%aracteristics o' constr"ction 433"55"Conveyor belts ) Markin&


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!;!2;;;Conveyor belts ) Met%od 'or t%e deter$ination o' t%e tear propa&ationresistance o' tetile conveyor belts

!:3"55;Tetile conveyor belts ) Tolerances on total t%ickness and t%ickness o'covers

!:3-"2;;;Conveyor belts it% a tetile carcass ) Total t%ickness and t%ickness o'

ele$ents ) Met%ods o' test 6;3"5::Conveyor belts ) Tro"&%ability ) C%aracteristics o' transverse 'leibility and

test $et%od 6;3-"2;;;Conveyor belts ) Transverse 'leibility and tro"&%ability ) Test $et%od ""2;2;;2Conveyor belts ) #eter$ination o' stren&t% o' $ec%anical 'astenin&s )

*tatic test $et%od "!3!"56!Contin"o"s $ec%anical %andlin& e5"ip$ent ) Tro"&%ed belt conveyors )

(elts "!!4"555Conveyor belts ) #r"$ 'riction test 2"4:"564Contin"o"s %andlin& e5"ip$ent F o$enclat"re 3):4"55;Conveyor belts ) #eter$ination o' $ini$"$ p"lley 3:6;"56)Conveyor belts -'abric carcass ) +dj"st$ent o' take)"p device 4"5!-""5:6Conveyor belts ) Heat resistance ) Test $et%od 4"5!-2"5::Conveyor belts ) Heat resistance F *peci'ications 4))"-""553>"bber, v"lcani;ed or t%er$oplastic ) 3reparation o' sa$ples and test

pieces ) 3%ysical tests !;4:(elt conveyors= calc"lation o' operatin& poer and tensile 'orces !2:4"5:)Conveyor belts ) ist o' e5"ivalent ter$s 2:!"56:Conveyor belts ) /"ide to stora&e and %andlin&


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!253"5:"Conveyor belts ) 9or$"la 'or transition distance on t%reee5"al len&t% idler rolls

6!5;2;;"*teel cord conveyor belts ) Met%ods 'or t%e deter$inationo' total t%ickness and cover

6)22-""55!*teel cord conveyor belts ) on&it"dinal traction test )3art 1: Meas"re$ent o' elon&ation

6)22-2"55!*teel cord conveyor belts ) on&it"dinal traction test )3art 2: Meas"re$ent o' tensile stren&t%

6)23"556*teel cord conveyor belts ) Cord)to)coatin& bond test )Initial test and a'ter t%er$al treat$ent

:;54"5:4*teel cord conveyor belts ) +d%esion stren&t% test o' t%ecover to t%e core layer

5:!)2;;4Conveyor belts ) #eter$ination o' elastic and per$anentelon&ation and calc"lation o' elastic $od"l"s

";246"55;Conveyor belts ) C%aracteristics o' covers FClassi'ication

";3!6"5:5Conveyor belts ) 9or$"la 'or transition distance ont%ree e5"al len&t% idler rollers -ne $et%od

"2::"-"2;;!Conveyor belts ) 3ropane b"rner test


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"2::"-22;;!Conveyor belts ) ar&e scale 'la$$ability test "2::22;;2Conveyor belts 'or &eneral "se ) lectrical and 'ire sa'ety

re5"ire$ents "3:262;;4*teel cord conveyor belts ) #eter$ination o' %ori;ontal and

vertical position o' t%e steel cords. "4:5;2;;3Conveyor belts ) *peci'ication 'or conveyor belts o' tetile

constr"ction 'or &eneral "se "45632;;4Conveyor belts 'or "nder&ro"nd "se ) lectrical and 'ire sa'ety

re5"ire$ents "!23)2;;4*teel cord conveyor belts -type + and oven steel cord or steel

strand conveyor belts -types ( and C "!23)2;;4*teel cord conveyor belts ) D"lcanised splices "!23)-"2;;4*teel cord conveyor belts 'or &eneral "se ) #esi&n,

di$ensions and $ec%anical re5"ire$ents "!23)-22;;4*teel cord conveyor belts ) 3re'erred types"!23)-42;;4*teel

cord conveyor belt ) D"lcani;ed splices "):!"2;;!Tetile conveyor belts ) #eter$ination o' t%e endless len&t% ":!632;;3Conveyor belts ) Test at$osp%eres and conditionin& 2262"Tetile conveyor belts 'or "nder&ro"nd $inin&


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BS $*% 2:5;*peci'ication 'or tro"&%ed conveyor belts 32:5Tetile carcass conveyor belts 'or "se in "nder&ro"nd $ines

45;*peci'ication 'or r"bber and plastics conveyor beltin& :4;6*peci'ication 'or $ec%anical and spliced joints 'or "se "nder&ro"nd "2::2Conveyor belts 'or &eneral p"rpose= electrical and 'la$$ability sa'ety

re5"ire$ents

C7A D R7A $*SA%

4;2(elt Conveyors, 2002 ( "-"Conveyor belt cover c%aracteristics

ES $Eapan% ::;!(elt conveyors= calc"lation o' operatin& poer and tensile 'orces )3223lied constr"ction conveyor belts)3249la$e resistant conveyor belts )3)5*teel cord conveyor belts

&,ST $Russia% 22)44(elt conveyors= basic para$eters and di$ensionin& 2::2)Conveyor belts= list o' e5"ivalent ter$s

Documents

Bab 2 Transportasi Bahan2