Advanced BiologyAssignment 1

Alexis Orozco

Types of Science Investigations

Applied Science• A scientific discovery that effects

peoples lives immediately, it helps us immediately.

Examples:

Antibiotics

(To the right)

Pure Science• Motivated out of curiosity, there

is no immediate impact on humanity.

Examples:

Tall Buildings

Fast CarsVaccines

Inferences• An inference is a logical explanation.

Examples:1. Its cold outside- Jane will put on a jacket.

2. Dan is going to a lake- he’ll bring swimming trunks.

3. The dismissal bell rings- Matt will walk to his next class

Fair Test vs. Variables

Fair Test• A fair test, is a test that is

measurable & testable. It can’t be something based upon personal judgment or opinion.

• A fair test could also mean that, the experimenter checks the variables to make sure only one variable has been changed.

Variables

• Independent Variable (IV) Something the experimenter changes in an experiment.

• Dependent Variable (DV)

The result of what changes in an experiment.

• Constant Variable (CV)

What stays the same throughout the experiment

Observations

• Observations are something you notice when your using your 5 senses. Remember theses 5 sense are:

Sight Hearing Touch Taste Smell• Anything you notice with these 5 senses, could be

considered an observation.

Conclusion• The conclusion of an experiment,

is the summary of what you observed & the results of what you tested. You also state whether or not the hypothesis you gave earlier in the experiment was proven or not. The conclusion is usually always the final step in an experiment.

Graphs

Bar Graph

• You make a bar graph in an experiment when there is no time involved.

Example:

Line Graphs

• You make a line graph when an experiment involves time. Time usually will be the independent variable of the experiment.

Example:

Qualitative vs. Quantitative

Qualitative• A qualitative statement is a

statement without numbers or quantity.

Examples:

1. The walls are white.

2. The room is cold.

3. The floor is hard.

Quantitative

• A quantitative statement is a statement that does include numbers & quantity.

Examples:

1. There are 30 computers in the computer lab.

2. My backpack has 6 notebooks

3. We are taking 2 quizzes today.

The 3 M’s1.The average number out of a group of

numbers.

How to find the average:

5,7,8,6,5 (5+7+8+6+5/5) You add all the numbers together then divide by the amount of numbers there are.

2. The median is the number in the middle

Example: 1,2,3 (2 would be the median)

3. The Mode is the number that is repeated the most.

Example: 7, 8, 3, 6, 7 (The mode would be 7)

1. Mean -

2. Median -

3. Mode

Hypothesis vs. Theory

Hypothesis• An educated guess on the

outcome of an experiment.

• Must be an If & Then statement, as well as a Cause & Effect statement.

Theory

If I do this. . . .then this will happen

If I do this. . . Then this will happen.

• A Hypothesis that was tested many times by different scientists, who got the same answer as the first experimenter of the hypothesis.

I f I do this…Then this will happen

Groups

Control Group• This group stays the same

throughout an experiment, nothing is changed about them, but though the group stays the same it would not count as a possible CV for an experiment because groups would be the IV.

Experimental Group• The experimental group, has

something changed in order to test something in an experiment.

Example:1.Does drinking Gatorade before running a marathon effect your endurance? (Group A drinks Gatorade 10 minutes before the marathon ; Group B doesn’t drink Gatorade)2.IV- Groups DV- Endurance

CV- Marathon**Groups:Control Group- Group BExperimental Group: Group A