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Welcome to the CETI PattersonPowercell page

This is the latest news we learned to know via Infinite Energy magazineabout the CETI (Clean Energy Technology Incorp.) Patterson PowerCell (PPC):

Prof. Miley from the University of Illinois and

Prof. Clinton Bowles of the university of Missouri have

independantly verified the results of excess energy from the PPC celland from

their own rebuild cells !

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Here are 2 transcripts from TV-Reports about the PPC from InfiniteEnergy magazine Vol 1, No. 5 & No.6 19996, double issue:

Transcript of ABC's Good Morning Americaprogram, February 7,1996, 8:16 - 8:22 a.m

Prepared by the staff of Infinite Energy Magazine A Report on Clean Energy Technology Inc. (CETFi) Cold FusionDevice Charlie: "Scientists discover a virtually limitless source ofenergy." Does it sound too good to be true? Maybe not. Our Scienceeditor Michael Guillen is down in Washington this morning, having anexclusive look at an invention which has the potential of changing ourlives. Michael?

Guillen: Thanks, Charlie. It's a device that its inventor says produces ahundred times more energy than it consumes. Now let me say right offthe bat that lots of ideas come across my desk, that claim to be theenergy source of the future, but this one is different. For one thing, theinventor has a distinguished track record. Second, the invention itselfhas been issued a patent by the US Patent Office. Furthermore, and thisis key, independent scientists now claim to have reproduced the results,

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and major corporations like Motorola are taking a serious interest in it.

So, is this potentially the greatest discovery since electricity? Since fire?Good question! Have a look.

[Brief interviews]

James Reding, president Clean Energy Technologies Inc: We've beenable to reliably demonstrate a device that produces a thousand timesmore energy out than you put into it.

Prof. George Miley, University of Illinois: What could it do as far as anelectric power plant or a water heater in your home? There are so manyapplications that the mind can run wild.

Dr. C. Quinton Bowles, University of Missouri: It would be a truesource of power for use by the general public.

Guillen: It's hard to believe, but here's what is causing all thecommotion. It doesn't look like much - some wires, some salt water, andat the core of it: this container of tiny beads. But these are no ordinarybeads, and the man who invented them is no ordinary person.

[Interview with James Patterson in his laboratory]

Patterson: I started making beads back in 1953.

Guillen: 74-year-old James Patterson looks about as homespun as hisdevice, working out of a large garage in Sarasota, Florida, with morethan a hundred patents to his credit. Patterson had always planned onbeing a chemistry professor but in 1951, while working for his PhD atBerkeley, Dow Chemical made him an offer he couldn't refuse.Patterson: Dow hired me before I graduated, got my degree. And theypaid me more than what I was going to get after I got my degree. So . . .Guillen: It was during his years with Dow that Patterson invented arecipe for making tiny beads, beads so perfectly round that few peoplein the world can duplicate them. Patterson: If I have a claim to fame,[laughs] I'm a good cook for little beads. Well, this is my storage area,and - it's almost like a library of what I've done. Guillen: Over theyears, Patterson's beads have been used in many different ways: inwater purifiers, cosmetics, even as the 'talcum powder' inside surgicalgloves. Patterson: I'm better than a millionaire. Guillen: Just because

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of the money you got from . . . Patterson: . . . little beads! [laughs] Ihave converted alchemy ... little beads into gold! Guillen: Talk aboutalchemy! In creating his new energy device, Patterson took his regularbeads, and coated them with thin layers of copper, nickel andpalladium; a metal sandwich Patterson claims works like magic.

Patterson: This is the guts of it, this is creating heat. Guillen: So this iswater that you have flowing through it. [Feels outlet tube.] Oh, it is hot.Pretty warm! Yeah. And so how much energy is this little cell puttingout, compared to what it's consuming? Patterson: One watt. It'sconsuming only one watt, and it's putting out two hundred watts.Guillen: You know this sounds too good to be true? Patterson: [Laughs]Well, it may sound too good to be true, but if you'll only look, thescientific evidence is here. I mean, you're looking at it. I mean, youcan't disavow what you're looking at. [Cut back to studio] Charlie:Michael, alright, we're looking at it, but how's it working? Guillen:Well, you know, even for a scientist like myself, you can't just tell bylooking or even touching it. That's where the other scientists come in, atthe University of Missouri, the University of Illinois, and at Motorola.They have tested dozens of these devices, they say they can't get it not towork. Every time you plug it in, the doggone thing just produces all thisexcess heat. Charlie: But what's going on, scientifically? Guillen.: Well,that's the big mystery. It's either, you know, an ordinary chemicalreaction that's not behaving the way we expect it to, or some kind of anuclear reaction. But there is no radioactivity that's evident from thisthing so it doesn't appear to be a nuclear reaction. It's neither one northe other, so it really is just a genuine mystery right now. Charlie:Michael, what you are telling me is you have a scientific experimentthat is producing a certain result and you have no idea how it'sproducing it. Guillen: Yeah, but that's not unusual. I mean, very oftentimes you run across something in the laboratory and you go 'wow!Look what it's doing' long before you understand why it's doing that.Charlie: Michael, this sounds like going back to 19 . . . what? 1989Guillen: 1989 Charlie: This sounds like the cold fusion debate again.Guillen: Yeah. Remember the University of Utah, the whole cold fusionthing? Superficially this looks like cold fusion, in the sense that youhave electricity passing through an electrode that is emersed in salt

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water. But there are essential technical differences. First of all thebeads make this cell absolutely unique. That wasn't like the originalcold fusion device. The other thing is that the original cold fusiondevice used heavy water, this uses ordinary water. So, it remains to beseen whether this is just a variation of the old cold fusion experiment orwhether this is genuinely a new phenomena. Charlie: Is there ananticipation that what is taking place here in microcosm can take placein a macro situation where you can produce a tremendous amount ofenergy? Guillen: Now *that* is going to be the key question. If thescientists at the independent universities and corporations continue toverify that this device seems to work, the next question is going to be:can you scale it up from this laboratory model into something that canbe mass produced, and be cost efficient. Because we have heard otheralternative energy like wind power and solar power, they also soundgreat but they have never become cost efficient. That's going to be thebig question in the future.

Charlie: You keep saying 'if this works.' You are telling me that anumber of scientists have been able to make it work. There are also abunch of other scientists who are saying this is just crazy.

Guillen: Yeah. The scientists are really cautious because of the old coldfusion flap six years ago. They want to be real cautious. The question ishere, you have to measure the temperature differences, how much ofthe heat is putting out . . . is being put out by this device. That requiresyou to use thermometers of various kinds. They are just double, tripleand quadruple checking those thermometers to make sure they are notmisreading them. But they are all saying yes, this seems to work asadvertised. So it's potentially historic.

Charlie: Five seconds: are you a believer or not?

Guillen: Uh, talk to me in about two or three months. We're going to beupdating this.

Charlie: All right. Michael thanks. Michael will have more of this onNightline, tonight.

ABC News Nightline Program features

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Patterson Cold Fusion Device

On February 7, 1996, the ABC late night news program "Nightline"was devoted to James Patterson's cold fusion device, which is beingcommercialized by Clean Energy Technology, Inc. (CETI), of Dallas,Texas. It was titled aPatterson Power Cell: Fact or Fiction?" A shorter,five minute segment about Patterson, with the same film clips, wasshown on the morning broadcast "Good Morning America" (seetranscript of the latter adjacent to this article). The show was writtenand narrated by ABC's chief science editor Michael Guillen. Thebroadcasts included a long interview with Patterson, and briefinterviews with Jim Reding, president of CETI; Professor George Mileyof the University of Illinois; and Professor Clinton Bowles of theUniversity of Missouri. The Nightline version included a short questionand answer style debate between Michael McKubre of SRI and Prof.John Huizenga, retired from the University of Rochester, who was thehead of the DOE ERAB panel that eliminated funding for cold fusionresearch in the fall of 1989. The program also had brief interviews withPatterson's patent attorney. ON the oposing side were ProfessorHerman Feshbach of the MIT Department of Physics ( who totallydenies the validity of cold fusion evidence), and Professor HowardBirnbaum of the University of Illinois, another negativist and memberof the 1989 ERAB Cold Fusion panel. In recent years, two serious,hourlong documentaries about cold fusion have been broadcast by theBBC in the U.K. and the CBC in Canada: "The Secret Life of ColdFusion" (June 1993), and "Too Close to the Sun" (April 1994). Thelatter was a co-production of the "Horizon" series) and the CanadianBroadcasting Corporation. This ABC Nightline broadcast is, sad to say,the longest and most serious look at cold fusion in the U.S. televisionsince 1989. Guillen did a short segment on Pons and Fleischmann inMay 31, 1994, after visiting their IMRA laboratory in Nice, France.NOVA, the main U.S. science documentary program has totallyabandoned its responsibility by having a complete blackout on news ofcold fusion since 1990, when it broacast the atrociously negativelybiased "Confusion in a Jar" A member of the NOVA staff- EveanHaddingham- has discussed cold fusion with Eugene Mallove over the

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years and has told him that "they know they need to update their coldfusion coverage" Still, nothing has been done by NOVA -not evenbroadcasting "Too Close to the Sun," which NOVA could readily do ifit so chose. The Nightline program was generally positive andinformative, although it had little scientific content. It began vvith adown-home interview with Dr. James Patterson in Sarasota Florida,and tour of his lab, which is, as he put it, "like a library of what I'vedone" It is filled with old chemicals, obsolete machines and junk. It wasmessy, but nowhere near as bad as the laboratories I have visited atMIT and the Japanese National Universities. It struck me as an idealplace to do research. Patterson, who is 74, briefly described his careerwhich began at Berkeley and Dow Chemical. He is an expert inmanufacturing small, uniform beads for a variety of applications. Forexample, microscopic beads are used as a man-made replacement fortalcum powder in surgical gloves, and larger beads are used incatalysis. The latter application inspired Patterson to try them out ascold fusion cathode material. Patterson holds more than 100 patents forbeads and other innovations, including, he told me once, a new type offishhook. The bead patents have made him a multi-millionaire. Theshots of Patterson in his lab were fun but frustrating. You see himgiving an animated, interesting and apparently informative scientificbriefing, describing the instruments and methodology. Unfortunately,you cannot hear him because these segments are used as filler,background shots, with a foreground voice-over vapid script from thetelevision writer. Turn the volume way up, listen and watch closely, andyou see Patterson had some interesting things to say. If only theproducers would say less and let him talk more we might have had somehigher scientific content in this program. Even these short segments,and abbreviated glances at the chart recorder, beads, cell, pumps andother equipment convey a lot of information. Patterson claimed that 1watt was input and 200 watts were coming out. Look carefully, and youcan see the return water splashing into the pump reservoir, indicating ahigh flow rate. At one point Guillen put his hand on the outlet tube anddeclared: "It's pretty warm" I felt like shouting: "Okay Mike, now putyour hand on the other tube and tell us about it". If they had shown afew more details like the input power supplies we could have worked out

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a ballpark estimate of the excess for ourselves. With the high flow rateand 1 watt input Guillen could not have felt any palpable differencebetween the inlet and outlet temperatures unless there was massiveexcess heat. The program suffered from a curiously amnesic, dreamlikedetachment. It is a story told in a vacuum, with no context, nobackground, no reference to history or other current research. Themorning segment barely mentioned the term "cold fusion," exceptwhen Guillen said: "Remember the University of Utah, the whole coldfusion thing? Superficially this looks like cold fusion, in the sense thatyou have electricity passing through an electrode that is emersed in saltwater. But there are essential technical differences. First of all thebeads make this cell absolutely unique." That would come as a shock toother researchers who have used thin film and nickel cathodes, andespecially to Mills, who was the first to publish reports of excess heatfrom nickel. [1] Piantelli's gas loaded nickel experiments are unique,but Patterson's technique draws on many previous mainstreamexperiments. [2] There was no mention of the ongoing MITI/NEDOproject, no mention of any work after 1989 (except Patterson's), nothingabout the international conferences, and no hint that the literaturereports widespread replications. Miley is shown working with the CETIthin film device, but Guillen does not mention that Miley published apaper describing his own thin-film cold fusion cathodes. [3]

Miley has independently replicated the CETI beads from scratch, andhe has verified the performance of beads provided to him by CETI. Heexpressed confidence: "We've consistently measured excess energycoming out of it." Bowles has verified the performance of the CETIcells. He is funded by Kansas City Power and Light. He said: "ThesePatterson cells seem to be unique, and somewhat amazing, in the - intheir reproducibility. . . . We have, in fact, had a total of three cells atdifferent stages over the last nine months, and it's fair to say that allthree of them appear to be producing excess power". Motorola'sinvolvement was hinted at, just as it was in the Wall Street Journalarticle. [4] Guillen: "Already, says Patterson, Motorola has tested hiscells and offered to buy him out." [Ed note: Motorola representativeswere there in force at the CETI demo at the Power Gen '95 meeting inDecember.]

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The second half of the program was devoted to a depressing debatebetween Dr. Michael McKubre of SRI International, one of the leadingcold fusion researchers, and Prof. John Huizenga, the "Darth Varder"against the field. I felt sorry for Huizenga, who looked old, tired, andnervous. He began by saying:

". . . Iet me simply say that since Pons and Fleischmann's results wereshown to be flawed, there have arisen a whole array of exoticphenomena, including the synthesis of precious metals like gold, vvhichwould, of course, be the alchemist's dream, and the light water cells, Ithink, that are discussed . . . that Mr. Patterson is working on have allbeen shown not to be producing excess reaction products in the past,and I don't think these people have looked for the reaction productseither"

Needless to say, from our point of view Pons and Fleischmann have notbeen shown to be flawed, they have been widely reproduced. But thereal issue here is nuclear evidence: neutrons. Whenever the issue ofexcess heat comes up, Huizenga always evades it and talks aboutreaction products instead. In point of fact he is incorrect about thisparticular case. Miley and others are looking for reaction products. ButHuizenga claims there are no neutrons and therefore there can be nonuclear reaction, and therefore the calorimetric results must be wrong.When asked for a reason why the calorimetry might be wrong, healways responds as he did here: "I'm simply saying that what I knowabout these experiments, they're using an open cell and they're nottaking account of recombination . . " At that point McKubre, who hasheard this as many times as I have, could not help interrupting for amoment to say: "That's completely incorrect, completely incorrect"Huizenga went on to cite "many, many errors that they are making thathave not been accounted for" He has often cited these many phantomerrors, but he has never actually listed one of them. McKubre is quiteright: the CETI results are far too big to be explained by recombination.The best results reported to date are 4,000 times beyond the limits ofrecombination, and furthermore CETI researchers do take account ofrecombination, with a precision gas flowmeter, so Huizenga isFootnotes wrong on both counts. Huizenga was not aware of these

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facts, because, as he admined, he has not actually seen or read aboutthe CETI experiments. Herman Feshbach also claimed scientificclairvoyance: "I don't know the device, so I don't know what's in it andwhat's not in it. I can only speak in generalities, and the one thing I cansay unequivocally, w-ith out any concern, is that it's not a nuclearphenomenon" This brings to mind Feshbach's famous 1991pronouncement to Eugene Mallove: "I have had 50 years of experiencein nuclear physics and I know what's possible and what's impossible....I don't want to see any more evidence! I think it's a bunch of junk and Idon't want to have anything further to do with it." Evidently, he nowdecided to make it a rule that he will see no more evidence, and that hecan safely pontificate on national television about research he hasnever heard of. Huizenga also claimed: "It turns out that mainlinescientists have spent hundreds of millions of dollars looking at all ofthese claims, and no one has been able to verify the cold fusionexperiments" He has often said this, but he never specifies whichscientists have spend hundreds of millions. Japanese scientists havespent a hundred million (at least), and MITI has budgeted $100 millionmore over the next four years, but these examples do not count. TheJapanese claim that they have been able to verify the cold fusionexperiments. Huizenga is looking for an invisible army of researcherswho have spent this kind of money and found nothing. McKubre closedthe debate by justifying continued research: "Well, there is, in fact, notheoretical objection to the existence of a nuclear process occurring in asolid metal lattice. Given the fact that it is not theoretically impossible -and it's not - given the fact that people are observing it in numerouslaboratories around the world, I think it would pay us to pay someattention to it, and the amounts of money that are being spent on thisresearch are very, very small".

Video Tapes of ABC's news broadcasts can be purchased by dialing1800-913-3434. Transcripts are available from 1-800-255-6397. They

can be delivered by e-mail for $10 per copy. This program was"Nightline (ABC) #3838."

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Footnotes

1. Randell L. Mills and Steven P. Kneizys, "Excess Heat Production bythe Electrolysis of an Aqueous Potassium Carbonate Electrolyte and theImplications for Cold Fusion," Fusion Technology, August 1991

2. S. Focardi, R. Habel, G. Piantelli, "Anomalous Heat Production inNi-H System," Il Nuovo Cimento, vol. 107A, no. 1, Jan. 1994, pp 163-167

3. G.H. Miley, E.G. Batyrbekov, H. Hora, R.L. Zich, "Electrolytic Cellwith Multilayer Thin-film Electrodes," Fusion Technology, Vol. 6, p.313

4. J. Bishop, "A Bottle Rekindles Scientific Debate About the Possibilityof Cold Fusion," Wall Street Journal, January 29, 1996

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email the WEBmaster: harti@harti.com

copyright 1997 by Hartmann Multimedia ServiceKeywords: free energy , overunity , testatika , Methernitha , permanent magnet , Energie , power , Leistung , Umweltschutz , environment , pollution ,

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levitation , zero point energy , space energy, field , TOMI , TMI , MRA , UFO , magnetic wankle

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The Gravitational Spacecraft from Fran De AquinoWarping to the deep space...

Courtesy of Fran De Aquinocreated on March 21th, 2000 - JLN Labs - Last update April 20th, 2000

It is known that photons have null inertial mass (mi = 0 ) and that they do not absorb others photons (U =0 ). So , if we put mi = 0 and U = 0 in Eq.(1.04),

the result is mg = 0. Therefore photons have null gravitational mass. Let us consider a point source ofradiation with power P , frequency f and radiation density at distance r given by D = P /4π r2

Due to the null gravitational mass of the photons, it must be possible to build a shield of photons aroundthe source, which will impede the exchange of gravitons between the particles inside the shield and therest of the Universe. The shield begins at distance rs from the source where the radiation density is suchthat there will be a photon in opposition to each incident graviton . This critical situation occurs when D= hf 2 / Sg , where Sg is the geometric cross section of the graviton. Thus rs is given by the relation, rs = (rg

/ f )( P/h)1/2

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We then see that the ELF radiation are the most appropriate to produce the shield. It can be easily shownthat, if f << 1mHz , the radiation will traverse any particle . It is not difficult to see that in this case, therewill be "clouds" of photons around the particles inside the shield. Due to the null gravitational mass of thephotons , these "clouds" will impede the exchange of gravitons between the particle inside the "cloud"and the rest of the Universe. Thus, we can say that the gravitational mass of the particle will be null withrespect to the Universe, and that the space-time inside the shield (out of the particles) becomes flat oreuclidean . It is clear that the space-time which the particles occupies remains non-euclidean.In an euclidean space-time the maximum speed of propagation of the interactions is infinite because , as we know, the metrics becomes from Galilei.Therefore, the interactions are instantaneous . Thus , in this space-time the speed of photons must beinfinite, simply because they are the quanta of the electromagnetic interaction. So, the speed of photonswill be infinite inside the shield.On the other hand , the new relativistic expression for mass, Eq.(2.06),

shows that a particle with null gravitational mass isn’t submitted to the increase of relativistic mass,because under these circumstances its gravitational mass doesn't increase with increasing velocity .i.e., itremains null independently of the particle's velocity. In addition , the gravitational potential for the particle will be null and, consequently , the component of the metric tensor willbe equal to -1.Thus , we will have where t' is the time in a clock moving withthe particle , and ds2 = c2 dt2 where t is the time indicated by a clock at rest ( dx = dy = dz = 0 ).

From the combination of these two equations we conclude that t' = t .This means that the particle will benot more submitted to the relativistic effects predicted in Einstein's theory. So, it can reach and even

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surpass the speed of light . We can imagine a spacecraft with positive gravitational mass qual to (m) kg ,and negative gravitational mass ( see System-G in appendix A) equal to - (m - 0.001) kg . It has a shield ofphotons , as above mentioned. If the photons, which produce the shield , radiate from the surface of thespacecraft , then the space-time that it occupies remains non-euclidean ,and consequently , for anobserver in this space-time , the total gravitational mass of the spacecraft, will be .Therefore , if its propulsion system produces F=10N (only) the spacecraft acquires acceleration

( see Eq.(2.05)).

Furthermore, due to the "cloud" of photons around the spacecraft its gravitational interaction with theUniverse will be null , and therefore, we can say that its gravitational mass will be null with respect to theUniverse. Consequently, the inertial forces upon the spacecraft will also be null, in agreement withEq.2.05 ( Mach’s principle ).This means that the spacecraft will lose its inertial properties . In addition,the spacecraft will can reach and even surpass the speed of light because , as we have seen , a particlewith null gravitational mass will be not submitted to the relativistic effects.

Fran De Aquino, April 20th, 2000

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See also :

• The System-G Experimental setup tested by Fran De Aquino on January 27th, 2000

• Engineering the System-G device by JL Naudin and Steve Burns

Reference documents :

The Gravitational Spacecraft by Fran De Aquino ( physics/9904018 )

Gravitation and Electromagnetism: Correlation and Grand Unification by Fran De Aquino ( gr-qc/9910036 )

Email : JNaudin509@aol.com or mail to the JLN Lab's eGroup at : jlnlabs@egroups.com if you area team member.

Return to the System-G home page

47

Sympathetic Vibratory Physics - It's a Musical Universe!

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Moray Valve Manuscript

Part I, Radiant Energy Device

This account will endeavor to give a brief explanation of the Moray Radiant Energy device whereby it ispossible to utilize the vast stores of energy of the universe without a prime mover, but through ionicoscillations.

A brief description of the device.

A brief description of what the device has done and of experiments of which hundreds of similar ones havebeen made in the presence of hundreds of reliable men, many of whom are highly trained and hold degrees inphysics and electrical engineering. Also, a brief description of why the device works as given in the encloseddescription on the oscillations of condensers. Right here I would like to state I do not believe in perpetualmotion and while I have no quarrel with these who may, the operation of the Moray device is not perpetualmotion, but it utilizes energy that exists and transforms it into useful forms. An electrical generator is in thetrue sense not a generator, as it creates nothing. Electricity is not made by the generator, it is merely pumped.From that standpoint, an electric generator might be referred to as an electric pump, and the Moray energydevice as an electric syphon, or high speed oscillating turbine.

The device was enclosed in a box ten by ten and one-half by twenty-six inches. One wire leading from thedevice to a special balanced antenna and another wire to a balanced ground connection. (This has now beenreplaced by a special tube.) The switch of the set is simply turned on and the device properly synchronizedresonance is established. Once it is operating the device "syphons" the energy from the air. A speciallyconstruction high frequency transformer is used to control the voltage so that any desired voltage may beobtained.

On page seventeen of the "Nature of the World and of Men" (compiled by the technical staff, Chicago Instituteof Technology), we find it states that our planet is receiving energy from the sun continuously at the rate of160,000 horse power per inhabitant of the earth at the present time.

In the "Physical Review", Dr. Gunn of the U. S. Navy Research Laboratories states that the earth itself is a hugedynamo, producing 200,000,000 amperes of electrical current. For more detail, read pages 335, 344, "PhysicalReview", July 15, 1939.

The following is taken from "Experiments With Alternate Currents of High Potential and High Frequency," byNikola Tesla, page fifty- eight, written in 1904:

"Ere many generations pass our machinery will be driven by power obtainable at any point in the Universe - Isthis energy Static or Kinetic? If Static, our hopes are in vain; if Kinetic, and this we know it is for certain, thenit is a more question of time when men will succeed in attaching their machinery to the very wheel work ofnature."

The aurora borealis is considered to be very definitely an electrical phenomenon produced by the passage ofelectric charges through the rarefied gases of the higher atmosphere.

The conversion of matter to energy in the stars is now very generally accepted as demonstrated, and reasoningfrom what occurs in radioactive disintegration, during which energy waves are radiated, we may conclude thatenergy waves of every frequency are sent out from the stars, one of which is our sun.

As in the reception of radio waves, so in this case the circuit is tuned by the right arrangement of inductances

48

and capacities and oscillators by resonance to respond to the particular wave frequency "oscillations" of energyfrom the Cosmos. Moray uses a special valve to prevent return of the power to the outer circuit and forces it togo through the power application circuit.

All that is necessary to put the device in operation when properly assembled and connected is to start electricoscillations in the circuit, which is the difference of potential between ground and atmosphere intosupersensitive oscillating tubes.

The frequency of the current is extremely high, as is shown by the brush discharge when either the antennaleading or the ground wire is disconnected from the machine. Certain difficulties of insulation inherent in highfrequency currents are avoided by the ingenious operations of the oscillator tubes which reduce the frequencyon the output side.

The electric light globes (standard articles bought in the open market), Tesla type could be used to advantage,become exceedingly hot in one spot about the size of a dime when operated on this current, due to the fact thatthe gas in the globes becomes incandescent under the influence of the very high frequency, and because of theincandescent gas the luminosity is much higher and whiter than with ordinary current. A variation of Tesla highfrequency button type globe would be an ideal light globe to use with this device.

Ordinarily when a potential is applied to the terminals of a condenser a full charge is acquired almostinstantaneously, but with the oscillators filling up somewhat as when water is poured into a bucket, the longerthe voltage is applied, the greater the charge taken, up to the maximum capacity for the given potential andfrequency.

Experiments have been made at different places many miles away from all power lines, one experiment beinggiven at a point more than 50 miles from all power lines, and 26 miles from even a farmer's telephone. Theplaces for these experiments were selected by the members of the party making the test and not by the inventor,and the places were not prearranged but selected by them as they drove along in their own car, not the car ofthe inventor, looking for a place to make the test.

The device in an endurance test was operated under standard R. R. seals for a total of 157 hours and 55minutes, when the seals were broken and the device put under severe strain and tests for about an hour longerand then shut off.

Close examination of the device disclosed that all parts were in perfect shape and could have been runindefinitely. During the entire test the light burned evenly and brightly without flickering and there was nochange in the brilliancy from day to day.

The quantity of current passing through the secondary of the transformer, Doctors of Science have asserted, issufficient to burn up wire of that size if ordinary current were used, yet there is no heating of the transformereven though there is no circulation of air through it to cool it, as it is completely enclosed. All parts of themachine run absolutely cool, regardless of the length of time operated.

It makes no difference whether one fifty watt lamp is used or whether fifty of them are connected to themachine, the draft of current is adapted to the load.

This current has another scientific characteristic disclosed by the fact that photographing the lights operated bythe Radiant Energy device the lights burn right into the film. Later if one takes a photograph of a photographthe resulting film has the same characteristics so that prints made from this second film have the samecharacteristics, so that this film also burns into the print to such an extent one has to hold back dense portionsin order to get a satisfactory picture. Yet the light from the R. K. device is whiter and less harsh, even to workor injured eyes. This is further proof the current is different from any coming from conventional sources in usetoday.

There is not sound from the machine when in operation, there being no moving parts. Electrical oscillations notprime mover operations.

The current cannot be derived from batteries, as it can be formed, and again Doctors of Physics havepronounced the current H. F. Only an alternating current can be so handled, and battery current is directcurrent.

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It cannot be induction from adjacent power lines, as an induced current is always of the same frequency, as theinducing current, and there is no line on earth carrying of the frequency of this. It is not radio power, beingmuch too great; even to operate a loud speaker it is necessary to amplify a radio current many times, to saynothing of lighting a lamp or heating a flat iron, and further, the frequency of the incoming current is higherthan radio currents.

An experiment was given for a nationally known physicist, a professor in one of the greatest universities of thecountry, at which time he noted and mentioned the following: (And this was verified by another Dr. ofSciences.)

That when the oscillators are connected in the circuit, the condensers fill slowly, and the longer the current isapplied to charge them, the greater the charge they take, up to their maximum for the applied voltage, much asin filling a bucket by pouring the water into it, instead of taking the charge practically instantaneously, as isordinarily the case with condensers."

"That the size of wire in the transformer could not carry the amperage passing through it without burning up, ifordinary curent were used, yet the wires remained absolutely cool no matter how long the machine operated."

"The above points show that there is developed something which is entirely out of the ordinary, and cannot beaccounted for on the basis of induction from existing power lines or curent from batteries."

The above statement duly signed and verified.

Another short account follows.

Today Mr. Judd, Mr. Adams and Attorney Nebeker called at the inventor's laboratory in Attorney Nebeker'sautomobile. When the "Radiant Energy" device was packed in the auto we drove away. The three abovementioned gentlemen began then to discuss where they should go to make the test experiment. The inventor didnot want to have any say in where the test should be made as he wanted the experiment made at a placeselected by them and not him, or by his having anything to say about the location. As last the three mentioneddecided to go up Emigration Canyon, as there are no power lines in that canyon. After driving about four milesup the canyon, they selected a place but changed their minds and selected another place a few hundred feetfurther up the canyon.

Mr. Judd stay in the car because of an injured foot, while Mr. Nebeker and Mr. Adams put up the "antenna andground." The inventor then took the device out of the car and connected it up with the "antenna and ground."The switch on the device was opened and closed as in all former experiments time and time again, but no lightappeared. The device was then "tuned in" as in all the former experiments that Mr. Judd had seen and thenwhen the switch on the device was closed the lights came on. The "antenna wire" was momentarilydisconnected, the light went out but came back when the "antenna" was again connected to the device. Thesame happened when the "ground wire" was disconnected and again connected in the same way as describedabove. (All this with Attorney Judd hopping around on one foot, he having gotten out of the car when thetuning the device was started.) All three gentlemen were very well satisfied and pleased with what they saw. Itwas dusk when they left the Canyon.

Dear Mr. Cooley:

This letter is being written you for your information and in order to make a record of the electricaldemonstration made October 29th, 1926, by inventor T. H. Moray for Attorney Judd, Mr. Knight and myself.

As prearranged, I met Misters, Moray and Judd at the Moray laboratory about 7:10 a.m. on October 29th, 1926.We leaded the electrical equipment into my car and left Mr. Judd's car in the Moray lot, as there were onlythree of us to make the trip from Salt Lake and to meet Mr. Knight at Oren, Utah.

I remember that the speedometer registered 19 miles at Charleston and 26 miles as we left the last electric linenear the mouth of Daniels Canyon; also that speedometer registered 52 miles where we stopped to demonstrate,making the distance 52 miles from the nearest power line and 26 miles from the nearest one wire ruraltelephone line.

Moray requested that we select a place near a stream of water so that the ground pipe could be sunk in its bedand be more effective, as the ground in the mountain was frozen. He stopped at a place about 10 miles south-

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east of the Daniels Strawberry summit and about 200 yards west of the main road to Duchesne, this locationbeing almost due east from what Mr. Knight called Haystack Mountain and perhaps 3/4 of a mile east of theStrawberry Lake on a little stream which made a zig-zag course through a gently sloping grassy flat to the lake.

The antenna wire was put up without any aid or instructions whatever from Moray, as it had been "balanced",except that Moray suggested that the wire be stretched tighter to prevent so much sag at the center. This wasdone and the wire then appeared to clear the ground by 7 or 8 feet at its lowest point.

Part II, Operation

The balanced ground rod was pointed at the end to make its driving into the creek bed easy.

The antenna wire was insulated from the poles with two quartz glass insulators about six inches long. A pieceof wire about two feet long connected each insulator with the pole. The lead-in wire was fastened to theantenna wire at a point about 10 or 15 feet from the east pole. I helped Moray solder the connection where thelead-in wire fastened on to the antenna wire and also helped him solder the ground wire to the rod. I steppedthe distance between the two antenna poles and estimated it to be 87 feet as I took 29 steps intended to be threefeet each.

Moray took this electrical equipment out of the automobile and placed it on the running board of the car. Twodry boards were laid on the ground and a rubber mat used under my office chair was placed on the boards forMoray to stand on as a precaution against electric shocks. The running board was hardly large enough for theequipment so we took the seat cushion out of the front seat and placed it on the mat and Moray transferred theequipment to the seat cushion and connected it up there.

Very light snowflakes fell occasionally and a tarpaulin was hung over the top of the auto doors, when opened,to protect the equipment from getting wet. When all of the wire connections were made, and the devicesynchronized in resonance by Moray, it was just 1:05 p.m. by my watch. Before "tuning in" he placed the keyon the post he said it would be in contact with while the light burns but no light appeared. After "tuning in" forslightly more than 10 minutes the key or switch was put on the operating post and the light appearedimmediately. It was slightly after 1:15 P.M. by my watch. Moray put the key, or switch, on the operating posttwo or three times before and during the tuning in operation but no light appeared until perfect "balance" wasestablished.

"While the lights were burning, the antenna lead-in wire was disconnected from the apparatus and the lightswent out. Connected again and the lights appeared." Moray disconnected the "ground wire" and the lights wentout. He then connected it and the lights appeared again.

This letter signed byE. C. Jonson.Salt Lake City, Utah

Your interest in the Moray invention to take electrical energy from the "air" and make it usable for light, heatand power purposes justifies me reporting to you a new demonstration which I saw of this principle onSaturday, February 21.

There were present a dozen people, including Paul Harsh, Mark Yuri, and Mr. Ferguson.

I first witnessed a demonstration of this device three months ago. The cabinet containing the machine has beensimplified and improved. It was quite apparent there was no possible faking of the power produced.

The tuning in device was improved and the time required to bring in the energy was shortened from fiveminutes to less than a minute.

The operation was as simple as tuning in a well-equipped radio set. This was shown by a lady who waswitnessing the demonstration for the first time operating the device as easily as Dr. Moray himself, after shehad seen him "tune in" the energy.

A pilot light on the cabinet first became illuminated. The switch was then moved connecting a light rack withthe current. Instantly thirty 50- watt lamps and five 100-watt lamps were brilliantly lighted.

A regular Hot Point flat iron was then connected without [dimming] the lights in the least. The inventor

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asserted that the result would have been the same had one hundred lights been used in place of the 35 on thelight rack.

The lights and iron together were consuming more than four horse power of electric energy.

On account of the brilliancy of the light it was apparent that much more than the ordinary voltage was goinginto these lamps and the excessive heat developed in one spot made me feel that they would soon burn out, butthey did not.

I confidently believe Dr. Moray is on the threshold of perfecting one of the most amazing fundamentalinvention of history.Very sincerely yours,

(Signed) Nilton H. Welling

Secretary of the State of Utah

Many men of science have come from foreign countries and from the East and the West and have been shownexperiments and not one of them has been able to find any fault with what they have seen or heard. (Names ofthese men of science will be furnished upon request.) These men have had the device opened for theirinspection and have pronounced the experiments wonderful that the current is high frequency, the color of thelight different, that the device carries many times as much current without even getting slightly warm as anyother electrical device of like construction known to man today could do without bursting into flame. That the"tubes used are far more powerful than anything known to science today." The drawings, circuits and theoryhave been pronounced by leading men of science as scientifically, electrically, mechanically sound and correct.

It is generally accepted now by science, and Moray's device proves, there is energy coming from somewhere,that the earth is surrounded by such a field of energy.

This energy, or as Moray explains it - these oscillations of Energy are picked up by the Moray device and theoscillator tubes of the device itself. As stated, these surgings or oscillations of Energy coming and returning tothe Universe are picked up by the Moray Device because the Moray Device is tuned to oscillate in harmony(sympathetically) with the oscillations of the universe just as musical instruments can be made to oscillatetogether. Every oscillation, whether large or small, is completed during the same interval of time, the heartbeats of life, the oscillations of the Universe all prove the same great fact that oscillations are all governed bythe same eyelet of time, or, as stated above, completed during the same interval of time, and as Moray statedyears ago, these waves of energy have a regular beat note of time, coming and going as the waves of the sea,but in a very definite mathematical order of time, coming to the earth from every direction, stronger in the daytime than at night, but always coming with a regular beat note that might be referred to as the Father of Time.The Sire of Gravitation.

This energy has a definite elastic rigidity and density, which is subject to displacement and strains. When thestrain is removed, this medium will spring back to its old position and beyond, surging back and forth as thewaves of the sea, and will continue to oscillate until the original pressure is used up. In the internal impedanceis too great, there will be no oscillations, but it will merely slide back in a dead beat to its unrestrained, state,cutting down the resistance to the minimum and by synchronous resonance (sympathy) of the device with theresonance of the Universe, recovery will be quicker and quicker until inertia will assert itself and lengthen outthe time of final recovery by carrying the recoil beyond the natural oscillation and thus prolonging thevibrations by oscillation. When the recovery is distinctly oscillatory resonance sets in the oscillations will go onforever because of the oscillations of the Universe. These electric oscillations are not simple oscillations, butsurgings with a definite beat note of oscillations.

One will ask, how can you get steady energy from such surging having so great an amount of energy at such aterrific potential? Could not a steady flow of water be obtained from the surgings of the sea?

The operation of the condensers need not be repeated here as it is believed they have been fully explained inthe enclosed account.

It is not claimed that all of Moray's theory is proven, but it is claimed that the device works. The results arecertain and that in the absence of better explanations as given elsewhere Moray's explanation is as good as any.

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In explaining this theory to a well known and noted American Scientist, he said, "You go in your theory back ofthe law of gravitation."

In this day and age, it is not well to say anything is impossible, but what has been done in Radiant Energy hasbeen and perhaps rightfully called "radical." Nevertheless, of the great number of learned man who have seenand heard of Moray's work, not one has been able to disprove his claims, theories or discoveries. Among thosein question have been some of America's foremost in Science, although they have spent from five hours to dayson the theory and claims and made test experiments. Hence this further explanation of the Moray theory, onwhich Moray has spent his time from boyhood.

Fully realizing that whatever the difficulties in discovering new truths, there are still greater difficulties ingetting them recognized, for as Mark Twain said, "It takes many years to get a new idea fixed in the humanmind," and one should be armed with but scant philosophy if they remained for long surprised at the attacks ofsome or at the exasperation of a certain number of worthy people, and at the silence of the greater number ofthe scholars, who have heard of these experiments, as it is hard for the average human mind to rid itself ofinherited ideas, which so completely, although perhaps unconsciously control our line of thought. Franklin,Farady, Cavendish and others were unable to always express themselves so that those of their day understoodtheir inner meaning. They gave to the world their ideas in a form unintelligible to others of their day, yet theirideas have since become known facts.

The theory herein contained is not new in the main, nor is it contrary to ideas that scienc has accepted today.They are however, original with Moray in aplication and when Moray first advanced them years ago they were"killed" as it were by those who heard of them before they get very far. Be that as it may, Moray has taken"Radiant Energy" and found a means of using it. Heat, light, power and energy are not things in themselves, butsensations, or effects produced by this "Cosmic Power", directly or indirectly.

Electricity is vibrations or radiations. Where ether (or if you do not like that name, call it what you will) isquiescent we use nothing. Light causes vibrations of this "ether" and it is these vibrations which cause our eyesto detect. All substances are really combinations of one (primordial substance,) i. e. electricity, or, in otherwords, electricity is specifically modified ether. Electrons in motion go to constitute an electric current. Etherwaves in motion go to constitute an electric current. What electricity is to matter, so is electric force tocommon mechanical force, and electrical inertia to common inertia. By inertia, I mean the ratio of force toacceleration. Perhaps electric inertia might be defined as the ratio of electric motive force to the acceleration ofelectric displacement.

Below will be found excepts from a few additional account of some experiments taken from some of thehundreds of accounts of tests made and also some excepts from some scientific books.

"ASTRONOMY", by Robert H. Baker, Ph. D. Professor of Astronomy, University of Illinois, page 303:

"Another problem relates to the apparent lavish expenditure of this radiation. Of all the energy that pours forthfrom the sun, less than one part in 200 million is intercepted by the planets and their satellites. The remainderspreads through interstellar space with little chance, so far as we know, of being recovered. The suggestion thatthe sun shines only in the direction of material that can intercept it makes an appeal from the point of view ofeconomy, but appears to have little else to recommend it. It would seen that nature is squandering its resourcesof energy so prodigally that it must end in bankruptcy, but we doubtless have at present an inperfect account ofthe situation."

"FOUNDATIONS OF THE UNIVERSE" by M. Luckiesh, D. Ss., Director of Lighting Research Laboratory,General Electric Company, printed in 1925, page V.

"In the far-off stellar crucibles we see the same laws being obeyed as in our laboratories. As we trace down tothe almost infinitesimal constituents of the extremely minute atom we find that apparently it does not exist atall as the realistic matter which we have supposed it to be. There at its very foundation it seems to consist ofelectric charges which probably simulate the motions of celestial bodies. It is becoming more and more certainthat the apparent complexity of nature is due to our lack of knowledge. As the picture unfolds it promises amarvelous simplicity."

Again quoting from "Foundations of the Universe" by Dr. Luckiesh of General Electric, pages 41-43:

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"The great success of the atomistic principle as it is involved in the kinetic theory of matter is one of thewonders of the modern scientific age. It is to be expected that it has found other applications equallyfascinating and promising. It is now being pressed further into the service of explaining the structure of matter."

Part III, Maxwell's Theory

"When Maxwell (1873) propounded the electromagnetic theory of light (radiations), his achievement wasepochal. The exact manner in which the radiant energy traversed space was not known, and the next epochalevent was the founding by Planck (1900) of the quantum theory. Here we have the atomistic principle appliedto energy instead of being confined to the material of the universe as it had been. In other words, in thequantum theory we have the atomistic idea applied to physical processes. We now have the atom of matter, theatom (electron) of electricity, and the atom (quantum) of action ( a product of energy and time). Planckassumed the emission of radiation (from the sun, a lamp filament, etc.) to occur discontinuously. He conceivedelements of energy of equal magnitude analogous to the equality of electrons, or atoms of a given element.Radiation or radiant energy is emitted of various wave lengths or frequencies which must be taken into accountin laws of radiation. Now the physicist uses quanta as commonly as he does electrons and atoms and molecules.Bodies are build of molecules, the molecules of atoms, and the atoms of electrons (and Protons). Here we seethe atomistic principle applied to "material" (matter) and then to electricity (What shall we call it?). Finally, aphysical process - the radiation emitted by the electrons - is divided into quanta, with such pictures of theUniverse being constructed we may cease to be surprised at anything, but our interest and admiration will grow.

"One of the most marvelous relationships that has ever been revealed in the entire science of physics is thatbetween light and electricity. Knowing what to do at the present time in regard to the structure of atoms, thisrelationship is not quite so surprising. However, considering the total absence of knowledge, a half century ago,pertaining to the existence of electrons in atoms of matter, the sudden revelation that light (and radiation ingeneral) was an electrical phenomena was very startling and revolutionary. Even today those persons who areunfamiliar with fundamental physics find it difficult to believe that energy traveling from yonder star to theeyes is electromagnetic in nature. But that it is so has been amply proved. The atoms in those distant stellarcrucibles have moving electrons which are emitting electromagnetic waves of many wave lengths orfrequencies. Here on earth we have many 'receiving stations' which are tuned to certain ranges of wavelengths."

"RADIANT ENERGY" by Edgar Lucien Larkin, Director Lowe Observatory, California, printed in 1903, atpage 17"

"Radiant here means proceeding from a center in straight lines in every direction. Energy is internal andinherent."

Professor Barker, Physics, page four, says:' Energy is defined as a condition of matter in virtue of which anydefinite portion may effect changes in any other definite portion.' This was written in 1892, and discoveriessince confirm it. Energy then, is a state of matter, or rather, the result of a particular state of conditions inwhich matter may be when any observed phase of energy appears."

"These two, matter and energy, or possibly one, is the sum total of all that has been found during threecenturies of incessant research in all that portion of the Universe visible in a forty-inch telescope armed withthe most powerful spectroscope over made."

It is the belief of the writer that all this space is saturated with inconceivably minute corpuscles of energy:Those discovered by Professor J. J. Thomson (Lord Kelvin). These are doubtless either electricity in itsultimate refinement, or very closely allied to it, or its immediate carriers. The earth and sun, all suns and darkbodies in space, all granular matter move through the primordial cosmical mass of electrical corpuscles aswould a wire screen through water. The wide space in diamond, glass, steel, flint or anything else allow these"Bodies smaller than atoms," as Thomson calls them, to pass through."

Pages 18-19:

"From the definition of energy it is the potential of the Universe. When matter is in a phase allowing it to beactive, it effects other quantities of matter at a distance. The method of transfer is known to be by means ofwave motion. Each impulse moves from the omitting to the receiving mass on a rigorously straight line. One

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continuous set of oscillations in this straight line is called a ray. Each negative or Thomsonian corpuscle makesa double vibration to and fro like a pendulum straight across the direction of the ray - i.e., at right angles to it,the corpuscles moves over and returns to its original position it had before the excursion. Since the corpusclesare negative and can be drawn out of their original straight path by the action of magnetism, the entire wavemotion of the Universe is electro-magnetic. This is what Maxwell prophosied many years ago. Thomsonfulfilled the prophecy."

"After one corpuscle makes an oscillation across the direction of the ray and return the next does likewise, andthe next, and so on. After the first corpuscle makes a swing, another distant from it 186,000 miles in the samestraight line will also make a vibration at the end of the first second of time."

"ATOMS AND RAYS" by Sir Oliver Lodge, Fellow of the Royal Society of Science and holder of five or sixDoctors degreees from colleges, with honors from a score more and has held offices of President in a dozen ormore Scientific Societies, printed in 1924:

"The term 'light' strictly speaking, means that kind of etherical radiation which is able to affect the eye. But it iscommon knowledge that there are many other varieties of radiation besides those to which the eye is sensitive.It is not clearly known why the eye is sensitive to some kinds of etherical radiation, and not to other kinds.That, no doubt, can be ascertained; it is a question for physicists and physiologists in collaboration. But theeyes of animals and insects as well as of man, all appear to be sensitive to a limited range of etherical radiation,which is therefore called light. Other kinds of radiation can affect a photographic plate; other kinds, again, canstimulate the chemical actions going on in the leaves of plants, and thereby supply the energy needed forvegetable growth. Another kind - a rather deeper harmony as it were - supplies everything on earth withwarmth, and by evaporating water contributes to most of the phenomena of weather. Other kinds, again, areomitted when individual electrons, traveling at a high speed in a vacuum, encounter the obstruction of a target,this kind of invisible radiation being called X-rays. And, at the opposite end of the scale, another kind ofradiation is emitted by great aerials, and is known as the Hertzian waves employed in radio."

"In speaking of these kinds of radiation as different, we are not speaking quite accurately. They differ only astreble notes differ from bass notes; they differ in rapidity or rate, or vibration or wave-length. They do notdiffer in any other essential particular. Through the whole range-from telegraphic waves, which may be a milelong, to X-rays, of which the wave-length is actually smaller than atoms, and only expressible in billionths ofan inch - they all travel at precisely the same speed, the only speed at which the Ether is able to transmitenergy. They are all of the same electromagnetic character; they are all subject to the same laws ofinterference, of reflection, and polarisation, which have long been studied in the department of physics knownas optics."

Moray would qualify the above statement by saying there are speeds greater than the speed of light.

Pages 41-44:

"Whatever an electric charge is, or is not, it is certainly a focus of energy. And if we could imagine an Ethervortex, containing the known mass of the electron and circulating with the velocity of light, its energy would beequal to that of the electric field in the space surrounding the electron. This coincidence, if it be a coincidence,can hardly fail to have some meaning. And there are those who are beginning to think that the whole materialuniverse is built up of Ether in various states of self contained or intrinsic motion, by which adjectives it isintended to discriminate between rotatory motion, like that of a top or a whirlpool, and ordinary locomotion, orshifting from place to place. Locomotion is not to be attributed to the Ether, which is the most stationary thingwe know, perhaps the only stationary thing that exists, but it may be full of what is sometimes called"stationary motion," a paradoxical term appropriate to the condition of a sleeping top."

"Those who hold this view of the Universe are strengthened in their position by the expression of Einstein ofenergy in general. It is well known that all the ordinary energy we are acquainted with, such as the motion ofrailway trains, or croquet balls, and much like, in merely relative - relative to the earth, or to some other pieceor matter. There is nothing absolute about it. But Einstein gives an expression for what one might be inclined tocall absolute energy, in which the only relevant velocity is the velocity of light. And all the phenomena weobserve in nature, at any rate in inorganic nature - omitting the phenomena of Life and MInd for who present,as lying outside our physical ken - may be regarded as due to, and as demonstrating slight modifications of the

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portion affected by this great ethereal velocity, in form which enable it to appear to our animal-derived senses.For the spinning motion itself is impalpable and beyond the ken of our instruments, until it partially exhibitsitself as transmitted waves in the form of radiation."

"All the light that we experience can be resolved into vibrations or tremors in the Ether. That is how we firstknew about the Ether. But all electric and magnetic phenomena, and therefore, all chemical activity, arelikewise known to be modes of manifestation of the Ether of Space, the complete manner and meaning ofwhich have still to be worked out.

"So the question arises, What is Matter? Is that too a manifestation of some peculiar properties in the Ether?We know now that matter is built up of protons and electrons. But when we come to analyze these into theirfundamentals, we kind far more than a hint that they are but special modification in the all-pervading ether, andare essentially resolvable into ethereal energy of a specific kind. Hence we are beginning to think that matteritself is form of energy."

"Energy in the chief thing in the physical universe that directly appeals to us. We apprehend it under a greatvariety of forms. And it is becoming provable that what we call matter is one of those forms. Most of the formsof energy that we know are convertible one into another. The energy of motion turns into heat; so does theenergy of electric currents, unless it is converted into the energy of chemical separation or electric charge.Conversion from one form to another, without loss, is the sign- natural of energy. And the proof that matter is aform of energy will not be clinched until it can be demonstrated that matter too is convertible into other formsof energy.

"Such a process has not yet been performed in our laboratories, (or has it?) though it is believed to be occurringin the giant stars, the interior of which is at an altogether exceptional temperature and pressure, and constitute alaboratory where results can be beyond the scope of our present manipulation. In the light from those stars, wesee some small residual outcomes of this production of energy at the expense of matter. In their motions, weprobably see the same thing. That which we ordinarily recognize as the locomotive energy of bodies, seemsnow to be the more overflow or surplus of the violent constitutional energy within - energy which at presentseems inaccessible to us, which we have no means of getting at, but which is possessed in enormous amount bythe very constitution of the atoms of matter. Fortunately, a few of those atoms have given us the hint. Theyhave spontaneously emitted of their energy. We call it radioactivity; and it is only the heavy atoms of fissionmaterial, and other substances at that end of the series, which still retain the property of spontaneousdisintegration. The other more familiar atoms seem to have lost that power, and settled down into apparentstability and quiescence. They show no obvious sign of possessing any, but to the eye of science it is there; andmeans have been sought, rather than as yet suggested, for getting at it."

"Combination of atoms into molecules, and the interaction of molecules generally, has long been known to giverise to various forms of energy. Witness ordinary combustion, and the power of explosives. Simple atoms, likethose of hydrogen, can be packed together so as to form the more complex atoms, of higher elements, such aprocess will liberate vast stores of energy, much greater than could be obtained from ordinary kinds ofchemical combination. It is highly unlikely that this will go on spontaneously or uncontrollably or dangerously,under such conditions as we are familiar with on the earth. They may be violent enough under the conditions inthe interior of stars, including perhaps our sun. But here, on the earth, they are tractable, guided andcontrollable, and will not run rampant, and do not damage, except by reason of bad or malevolentarrangements; and even then only on a relative small scale.

"How soon energy of this kind may become commercial, no one can say. The practical way is by using Energyfrom the Cosmos; i.e. not by so called fission material."

Part IV, Testimonial

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

This is to certify that on the evening of March 16, 1929, in connection with Dr. Wilkinson, of Cedar City, Iwitnessed a demonstration at the laboratory of T. Henry Moray, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Dr. Moray claims to have devised and invented an apparatus that will produce electrical energy without the use

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of a prime mover, and this is the apparatus demonstrated on the occasion above referred to.

The subjects of this article will be treated in the following order:

1. Description of Apparatus

2. Demonstration

3. Objections that I have heard

4. Tests

5. Conclusion

1. Description of Apparatus

The apparatus consists of an antenna specially balanced or aerial capacitor and a special ground wire. These areconnected to the terminals of a switch. Two wooden boxes were placed on a table. On one of these boxes was ahigh-frequency transformer and in the other box were two sets of condensers, ten large condensers in one setand ten small condensers in the other set; two composition cylinders, each about 11/8 inches in diameter andfour inches long, each of these weighed about three or four ounces; and another box approximatelyhemispherical in shape about two inches in diameter and weighing about two ounces; and coils of wires andother equipment. These pieces of apparatus were connected by a number of wires by which the hookup wasconnected.

Two of these wires were led out to the switch. One was attached to the blade of the switch and the other thejaw of the switch so that when the switch was open the antenna, lead-in, apparatus in the boxes, and groundwire, were all in series.

The other wires leading out of the box were connected to six 100 watt lamps connected in multiple during partof the demonstration, and to a flat iron during part of the demonstration.

2. Demonstration

During the demonstration the apparatus was connected in series as above described, except that a small switchconnected in series with the coil was left open.

Dr. Moray energized and synchronized the device and in three or four minutes; the lamps were lighted andremained bright as long as the circuit was left closed, which was about 60 minutes. He then connected anelectric flat iron. In a short time the iron was hot. When the "ground wire" was disconnected and then the lead-in was disconnected, the lights went out.

3. Objections that I have heard;

1. That the power is obtained by a hidden wire from the electric lighting current.

2. That the power is obtained from batteries.

4. Tests.

Before and after the demonstration I closed the big switch which connects or shorts the antenna and ground andmade other tests. If the antenna or lead-in were connected to the lighting circuit this would have produced ashort circuit. I further tested by closing and opening the switch several times to see if any sparks appeared, butthere were no sparks. I placed my wet finger between the blade and the jaws of the switch and could not feelany electricity. I touched my hand to both sides of the switch and the wall to check for ground but could notfeel anything. We turned the table over and examined it carefully for hidden wires but found none. With theapparatus all connected as when operating the lights, the contacts with the switch were moved but produced noarcing. This indicates that the circuit was dead.

While the demonstration was being conducted and the lamps were receiving the energy through the apparatusthe main switch that controls the lights in the building was opened. All lights on the house circuit went out butthe light on the Radiant Energy circuit were not altered - were neither brighter nor dimmer at that time. Thusthe lights could not have received their power from that source.

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The condensers were thoroughly tested. The terminals were shorted, the positive to the negative. If they hadbeen batteries they would have showed a spark, but no sign of spark appeared. They were then tested byconnecting them to the electric terminals. After thus being charged the large condensers gave a vigorousdischarge, showing a brilliant strong arc and a loud [snappy cloud] showing a sudden discharge as condensersare supposed to do and batteries never do.

The small condensers were less vigorous in discharging but the same snappy discharge a condenser and not abattery discharges. These tests proved positively that condensers and not batteries were in the cases supposedby some to contain batteries. Besides no batteries of such size could produces such power. The boxes werecompletely emptied thus leaving no possible place for batteries to be stored. Besides the boxes were not largeenough to hide batteries in.

During the time that the lights were burning the connections with the big switch was moved along the switchand vigorous arcing occurred, thus proving that electrical energy was passing through this apparatus.

5. Conclusions.

The electric lamps receiving energy from some source and during the demonstration, which lasted for morethan an hour, the lights were brilliant at all times, just as bright at the last as at the first of the demonstration.

The lights on demonstration were a different color and brighter and whiter than those on the house circuit.

The electric energy that lighted the lamps and heated the flat iron was not received from the house circuit.

One is therefore forced to the conclusion that the electric energy was received from some other source anddifficult as it is to understand, with our present knowledge generation, no other conclusion can be drawn fromthe demonstration as above described than that the energy was received by and through the apparatus asclaimed by Dr. Moray.(Signed) T. J. YATER."KE N. E.

Quotation from letter of R. E. Crockett, Ex-Secretary of State of Utah:

"In regard to the Moray Radiant Energy discovery, I have had it demonstrated to me to my full satisfaction andhave read the reports of many reliable experts and have heard others express themselves favorably about whatthey have seen. One of these M. T. J. Yates, is a nationally known electrical expert, a graduate from Cornell,with a Masters Degree, and a man of high character who has had many year's experience in the electrical field,some of his position being Assistant Superintendent of Power Stations of the Utah Power and LIght System,Superintendent of City Electric Service of the Utah Power and LIght. He had charge of the Research andExperimental work of the American Smelting and Refining Company. He was Chief Engineer of the UtahRadio Products Company and a consulting engineer for many years."

"Salt Lake City, Utah

To all Whom it May Concern:

It is now more than two years since I first became acquainted with Dr. T. H. Moray and the work he is carryingon, and in that time he has demonstrated inventive ability of an exceptional order.

Perhaps the most wonderful of his inventions is a device whereby he is able to draw electric power from theCosmos. This energy is not derived by induction from power lines, as has been suggested by some, nor is itderived from radio stations, as has been demonstrated by taking the apparatus more than 50 miles from thenearest power line and over a hundred miles from the nearest radio station and showing that it operates just aswell as anywhere else. This device was subjected to an endurance test in which it was operated continuouslyfor a week, and at the end of that time a 100 watt lamp was lighted simultaneously with the heating of a 575watt standard hotpoint flatiron, making a total of 675 watts. It is very evident that no batteries could sustainsuch a drain as this. Besides the current is high frequency.

He has also invented a very sensitive sound detector whereby it is possible to hear conversations carried on inan ordinary tone of voice at a distance of several blocks.

He has also worked out numerous radio hookups which eliminate many of the parts now considered necessary

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for good reception, yet there is no apparent diminution in quality or volume; in fact, there is a notableelimination of interference from static when some of these are used.

He has devised a means by which he is able to measure with some degree of accuracy the energy evolvedduring mental activity; that is, he gets definite, variable deflections of the needle of a sensitive galvanometerwhich appeared to be related to the rigor of mental activity.

There are a great many other equally remarkable things that he has done such as reducing old rubber from trucktires to the state of a viscous fluid which is readily vulcanizable without the addition of smoke sheet as isnecessary with other processes; also a high frequency therapeutic device, and numerous other devices whichshow great ingenuity.signed, Murray O. Hayes PhD.

"Salt Lake City, Utah

Mr. W. H. LoveseyCity

Dear Mr. Lovesey:

Pursuant to my promise to you at our recent discussion, I am writing to make of record the extent of myacquaintance with the construction and operation principles of the Moray device for utilizing cosmic energy.

You are already aware that I have seen many demonstrations of what this mechanism will do and that I haveseen the parts of which it is built. Recently Dr. Moray has shown to me the wiring diagram of the assembly, andI am free to say that I can find no inconsistencies in it , not anything which does not appear to be logical andsound. While this hookup appears to be very complicated, when looking at the machine, it is in reality verysimple in essence, and based on reorganized laws of electricity. When all is explained. There are many featureswhich appear to be incidental, but they are in reality of basic importance.

He has also shown to me and explained the detector which he uses. In this he has applied a fundamentalprinciple of electric circuit which, I believe, would not be noticed unless pointed out by him. This element ofhis device also, as above mentioned in respect to the circuit, has numerous features which appear incidental butare the heart of the matter and of first importance.

He connected his detector in a crystal set for receiving radio, in place of the crystal, and obtained betterreception than with the real crystal, though the antenna was merely one of the bell type, in my own home. Healso took a lump of lead treated according to the process which he has invented and used in it place of thecrystal, and got wonderful reception or radio-loud enough in fact, to operate an old fashion horn speaker of thetype put out of R C A about 1923.

I was recently present when an electrical engineer representing a foreign government, the Russian Governmentwas given an experimental demonstration of the energy machine. He at first said that amplification of radiowave accounted for what he saw, although it would be a real achievement to amplify such waves sufficiently tolight six one hundred watt lights at one time, and also to heat a flat iron of the standard five hundred seventy-five watt type; when he had seen the inside of the device he admitted that it could not have been what he hadsupposed. He remarked many times. "It is very interesting."

This machine has been operated in my presence so many times, under so many different conditions of weatherand of season that I am positively convinced that it is what its inventor claims it to be, and that its commercialadaptation is feasible. I believe that Dr. Moray has explained all to me without reservation, and I am sure thatthis is a revolutionary and epoch making invention.

Sincerely yours,(Signed) Murray O. Hayes, Dr."

Dr. Morray O. Hayes, who makes the above statement, has Educational Record and qualifications as follows:

"A. B. with major in physics under Dr. Harvey Fletcher;

M. S. including graduate courses in physics and mathematics;

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Ph. D. in geology;

Five years in examining corps, U. S. Patent Office.

To take Bar examination soon.

Acting head of department of physics, Brigham Young University, 1922- 23, vice Carl F. Byring, who wasfinished work for doctorate."

Part V - Patent Correspondence

"Washington, D. C.

T. H. Moray,2484 So. Fifth EastSalt Lake City, Utah.

Dear Henry:

For your information I wish to report what I have done in the matter of your radiant energy machine sincecoming here.

We arrived here Friday, July 10. On Monday July 13, I spent the whole day in the search room of the PatentOffice, and examined every patent issued by the U. S. on devices for the reception of radiant energy. Most ofthem were so obviously dissimilar to your invention that they did not consume much time, and not one is therewhich show, on reading, even the remotest resemblance to your radiant energy machine. Not one mentions suchas idea.

Neither is there any patent which suggests anything like your oscillator tubes. I feel perfectly safe in saying thatthere is not one chance in a hundred thousand that the Examiner will find any disclosures that will restrict yourclaims. I have always a felt certain that you would obtain broad protection on your radiant energy invention, butnow I know it.

You may use this letter in any way that you see fit.

Very truly your,Murray O. Hayes."Dr. of Science and registered patent attorney.

"TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

I witnessed a demonstration of the apparatus invented by Dr. T. H. Moray by which he produces electricalenergy. A report of that visit has already been made.

I now have, about two years later, witnessed a second demonstration of the same set; some changes in theapparatus were noted although a great improvement was made in the performance. The condensers, coils another parts noted at the previous test were now in one small box about 10" x 10" x 30". To start the setoperating, a safer and better means of starting the device has been devised, and once the set is put in operation,it will continue to charge itself.

The lamp rack which formerly held six 100-watt lamps is now displaced by a larger rack which holds 32 50-watt lamps, 3 100-watt lamps and a receptacle to receive an extension plug and cord. On the other end on thiscord was a 575-watt electric iron. During this test, all of the electric lamps were lighted one time and werewhiter and more brilliant than other lights in the room, which were supplied from the house circuit. When thelights were on bright, the electric iron was plugged in. There was no noticeable blinking or sudden diminutionof lights as in usual in house lighting systems when an electrical iron was on. The lights were as bright asbefore the iron was put in. The iron heated quite rapidly and in about 2 1/2 minutes was hot enough to be usedfor ironing.

I made a thorough and careful examination of the entire system to see if it were possible for the electricity tohave been introduced on the system from some other source. Every part of the system was inspected by me, allwires were checked; the switch was removed and examined; and leads from the switch to the box containingthe condensers and coils; the box itself was lifted and examined, the leads from the box to the lamp rack; the

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lamp rack was lifted and examined and the ground wire from the switch to the water pipe on which it wasgrounded; not an inch of space was overlooked where it would be possible to introduce any metal that wouldcarry the power and I am prepared to say that no such connection existed from which power could be had fromany other system.

A crystal radio set was out in on the lead-in wire from the antenna on one side and to the ground wire on theother side and perfect reception was had. If there had been power from other sources on the antenna or lead-in,by connecting the radio set to the ground wire, reception would not have been possible but a loud, hummingsound would be produced. This was demonstrated by connecting the radio set to the house lighting system.When the system was working, the lights were burning bright. The terminal attached to the antenna wasdisconnected. A vigorous arcing occurred and the sparks jumped over an air gap as much as eighteen inches.This would indicate that the power was high voltage and the nature of the sparks indicated a high frequency.

I do not understand the principle by which Dr. Moray produces the electric energy. The condensers and thecoils of wire are common. The cylinders called "oscillators" and the small conical shell called the "detector"are the only things not commonly known, but the system works.

It produces electric power in abundance and does all that Dr. Moray claims for it.

I do not own any stock or interest in Moray's work. My only purpose in issuing this statement is in the interestof the advancement of science. I consider this development a great advance in the science of producingelectrical energy.

Very truly yours,

In witness to the above I hereunto sign my name.

(Signed) Thomas J. Yates, E.E., M.E.

STATE OF UTAHCOUNTY OF SALT LAKE

Thomas J. Yates, being first duly sworn, deposes and says: That he has read the foregoing statement andacknowledges that he wrote and signed the same as above set up.

(SEAL)

(Signed) Thomas J. Yates

Subscribed and sworn to before me this 18th day of December, 1930.My Commission expires (Signed) R. J. Chapman

May 7, 1934 Notary Public - residing at

Salt Lake City, Utah.

"Murray O. Hayes

W. H. Loveay,Salt Lake City,Utah.

Dear Mr. Loveay:

This letter is in compliance with your request for some facts relating to the Moray radiant energy invention.

A short time ago a demonstration was given for a nationally known physicist a professor in one of the greatestuniversities of the country, at which time he noted and mentioned the following:

That when the oscillators are connected in the circuit the condensers fill slowly, and the longer the current isapplied to charge them the greater the charge they take, up to their maximum for the applied voltage, much asin filling a bucket by pouring water into it, instead of taking the charge practically instantaneously as isordinarily the case.

That the lights are much hotter than is ever the case with any current used at the present time, due to the

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incandescence of the gas in the globes under the influence of the very high frequency.

That the size of wire in the transformer could not carry the amperage passing through it without burning up, ifordinary current were used, yet the wire remained absolutely cool no matter how long the machine operated.

The above points show that there is developed something which is entirely out of the ordinary, and cannot beaccounted for on the basis of induction from existing power lines or current from batteries.

I believe the above, in addition to the presentation made in the letter whereof I gave you a copy a few days agowill enable anyone to form a reliable opinion as to this device.

Very truly yours,(Signed) Murray O Hayes," Ph. D.

Dr. Hayes has made similar statements under oath.

"UTAH OIL REFINING COMPANYSalt Lake City, Utah

W. H. LOVESEY,Purchasing & Traffic

Mr. T. Henry Moray2484 South 5th EastSalt Lake City, Utah

Dear Henry:

I have handed you the original letter of Murray O. Hayes, in which he advised of his being shown and havingexplained to him the wiring diagram of the assembly , and also the fundamentals of the detector, and in whichhe stated plainly that while it would not have been noticed unless pointed out by you, at the same time he hadbecome familiar with all of the detail of the construction of your device for utilizing cosmic energy, and addedthat you had applied only fundamental principles of electric circuits.

There is attached a second letter in which Mr. Hayes furnished me a detail of his educational record.

The memorandums on the face of these two original documents were made by me at the time I was consultingwith Murray O. Hayes in any office and, at the time, he definitely advised me that he had been shown everydetail of your invention and argued that he could make one of the machine himself from the information thathad been given him.

Murray O. Hayes made these similar statements to me several times, and it may be from my determination inhaving him repeatedly make the declaration that he had been shown every detail of the invention that wouldgive him the impression that I had a doubt about the invention.

Personally, I have never had a doubt, but I thought the real detail secrets of the invention were held only byyourself and after my conference at New York with Dr. Harvey Fletcher and Fr. Carl Eyring, at the BellLaboratories, - having agreed with them that I would endeavor to induce you to give the detail of your inventionto Murray O. Hayes if he could duplicate your machine, and in every instance his answer was emphatic and tothe effect that he could do so.

Your truly,(Signed) W. H. Lovesy.

WHL/T

Salt Lake City, Utah

To Whom It May Concern:

I have worked in electricity all my life, was with the Utah Power and Light Company for thirteen years, andworked in all departments including substations. I have been with the Kearns Corporation over seventeen years;and have charge of all the electrical work for the Tribune and Telegram Publishing Company, and in Kearnsand Tribune Buildings.

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In December last, I witnessed a demonstration at Dr. Moray's laboratory of his electrical marvel box. He let mesee inside this box and there was transformer H. F. some of his cold tubes and some condensers. Dr. Morayconnected this box to a special balanced aerial and ground wire from the outside and two of us held a counterpoise antenna attached to glass insulators in the room and when he connected the box to this counter poiseantenna I saw the same results.

During this demonstrations and while the lamp and appliances were on I shorted the aerial and ground wires.There was no spark, it just turned off the power from the box. I then took hold of both of these wires. Therewas no feeling and they were both cold.

He then took a larger box, about 18 x 30 x 15 and connected it to the outside aerial and ground wire. From thisbox he lighted about fifty 100- watts, 120-volt lamps, ran a small motor especially wound at great speed, anoriginal electric iron, and a 500-watt glow heater.

Dr. Moray then disconnected the appliances and lamp, and attached two longs wires to the box and we pulledthe main line Utah Power and Light Company service switch for his building. We attached the wire from thebox to the building side of the switch and he lighted his building, heated iron heators; in fact, everything theUtah Power and Light Company service would do except run motors which I understand have to be speciallywound.

Standard globes were used but they seemed to give a softer whiter light which was more daylight.

I am satisfied myself from my experience in electricity that there was no fake of an kind of concealed batteries,or wires. Everything was in the open so I could see every operation. I did not see the inside of the larger box.

It was a very remarkable demonstration and one which I will always remember.

(Signed) Geo. R. Pyper

Geo, R. Pyper."

Let us urge the reading of the paper filed at the Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C., June 4, 1929,By. Dr. Ross Gunn on "A Theory of Permanent Magnetic Fields of the Sun and Earth."

Also the paper by B. O. Hulburt of June 6, 1929.

Top of Page | Master Index | Front Page | What's New | FAQ | Catalog

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Andreas Hecht

Der Gravity Motor

Eine indische Firma ist dabei, einen Gravitationsantrieb zuentwickeln und zu testen, der auf einer Theorie von RakeshGoel basiert. Erste Ergebnisse wurden bereits erzielt.

VorgeschichteDie TheorieVon der Theorie zur PraxisDie MaschineErste TestsPläneÜber den ErfinderQuellenRechtlicher Hinweis

Vorgeschichte

Ende September 2000 erreichte mich eine Nachricht, nach der eine indische Firma namens SK Dynamics einenGravitationsantrieb entwickelt, der von ihnen als Gravity Motor bezeichnet wird und auf einer Theorie desGründers der Firma, Rakesh Goel, basiert. Ich war natürlich sofort interessiert, was es mit dieser Geschichteauf sich hat und schrieb an SK Dynamics mit der Bitte, mir Material über diese Entwicklung zuzusenden. DieAntwort kam wenige Stunden später:

Dear Andreas, I have sent sufficient literature to you. Hope you will give access to the same information to all dear German readers in this field. Regards Deepak Jariwala

Mit diesem Artikel möchte ich der Bitte von Deepak Jariwala nun nachkommen. Wer das Material im Originallesen möchte, kann es sich herunterladen.

Die Theorie

Die Theorie von Rakesh Goel besagt in ihren Grundzügen, dass es sich bei der allgemein als Gravitationsfeldbekannten Erscheinung im Grunde um ein elektromagnetisches Feld eines sehr hohen Frequenzbereicheshandelt, der bisher noch unentdeckt geblieben ist und dass dieses Feld seinen Ursprung in der Bewegung derelektrisch geladenen Teilchen innerhalb der Materie hat. Wie kommt er zu dieser Hypothese?

Stellen Sie sich zwei H-Atome vor, die sich in gewissem Abstand zueinander befinden, wie das in der

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nebenstehenden Zeichnung zu sehen ist. In dieser Konfiguration existierenmehrere Kraftvektoren, resultierend aus den Ladungen der einzelnen Teilchen:

• F1 zwischen den beiden Elektronen (Abstoßung) • F2 zwischen den beiden Protonen (Abstoßung) • F3 und F4 jeweils zwischen Elektron des einen und dem Proton des

anderen Atoms (Anziehung)

Die Resultante dieser Vektoren wird mit Fe bezeichnet und ergibt sich aus der

vektoriellen Addition der Einzelvektoren. Da die Elektronen den Kern umkreisen, werden sich die Kräfte F2, F3 und F4 ständig verändern und somitnatürlich auch Fe. Was aber ist denn nun eigentlich Fe in der Realität? Rakesh Goel beantwortet diese Frage mit

seiner Hypothese: Die resultierende Kraft Fe ist der elektrostatische Kraftvektor der Gravitationskraft! Ähnlich kann auch eine

zweite Größe Fm abgeleitet werden, die den magnetischen Anteil der Gravitationskraft darstellt. Die

Gravitationskraft selbst ergibt sich demzufolge aus diesen beiden Anteilen:

Fg = Fe + Fm

Rakesh Goel hat mit Hilfe einer extra für diesen Zweck entwickelten Software die resultierenden Vektoren fürunterschiedlichsten Fälle und Entfernungen ausgerechnet und ist zu dem Ergebnis gekommen, dass sie für dieuns bekannte Materie in keinem Fall Null sind oder negative Werte annehmen. Die resultierende Kraft ist alsoimmer positiv (Anziehung). Fachleute auf dem Gebiet der physikalischen Chemie werden an dieser Stelle einwenden, dass es sich bei denbeschriebenen Kräften schlicht um die chemische Bindung, also interatomare bzw. intermolekulare Kräftehandelt und dass diese Kräfte bei Abständen um 10-9 m wesentlich größer sind als die Gravitationskraft.Ausserdem sind diese Kräfte nach dem bisherigen Verständnis in größerem Abstand nicht mehr wirksam. DenBerechnungen Goels zufolge ist das jedoch nicht der Fall. Die komplette Theorie Goels finden Sie in [1].

Ein Resultat der Theorie ist, dass, wenn man elektrische und magnetische Kräfte in einer Apparatur ingeeigneter Weise zusammenwirken läßt, es möglich sein sollte, ein künstliches Gravitationsfeld zu erzeugen.

Von der Theorie zur Praxis

Wie kommt man nun von den oben angedeuteten theoretischen Überlegungen zu einem konkreten Aufbau?Rakesh Goel beschreibt dies folgendermaßen:

"Der Ausgangspunkt ist die Theorie des Magnetismus. Eine frei bewegliche Ladung, die sich in Gegenwarteines radialen magnetischen Feldes auf einer Kreisbahn bewegt, erzeugt eine axiale mechanische Kraft. Analog gilt für die Gravitation: Ein Ladungsdipol, der sich in Anwesenheit eines radialen magnetischenFeldes auf einer Kreisbahn bewegt, erzeugt eine axiale Gravitationskraft, wenn er dem Impuls vonStromdipolen ausgesetzt wird."

Man muss also versuchen, die oben beschriebenen Zustände zwischen den Atomen mittels andererLadungsdipole zu simulieren. Dabei kommt es darauf an, möglichst hohe Frequenzen zu erzeugen, die in dasvon Goel postulierte "Gravitationsband" hineinreichen. Dieses Frequenzspektrum soll offensichtlich oberhalbdes heute bekannten elektromagnetischen Spektrums liegen, also oberhalb des Bereiches der kosmischenStrahlung. Goel schlussfolgert dies aus der Tatsache, dass die Eigenschaften elektromagnetischer Wellenunterhalb dieses Bereiches hinlänglich bekannt sind und offensichtlich keine gravitative Wirkung haben. Derartige Frequenzen würden sich, so Goel, mittels steiler Stromimpulse erzielen lassen. Ein Stromimpuls in einem metallischen Leiter erzeugt ein breitbandiges Rauschen, wobei das Spektrum umso höher liegt, umsosteiler der Stromanstieg ist. Nach der Theorie entsteht Gravitation durch die Bewegung der Elektronen in ihren Orbits innnerhalb der Atome, die der Sinusschwingung von Ladungsdipolen in drei Raumachsen gleichzusetzen ist. Es müsste also

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durch die Anregung von Ladungsdipolen zu solchen Schwingungen ein Gravitationsfeld entstehen, dasabhängig von der Frequenz und der Geschwindigkeit der Dipole ist.

Die Maschine

Die Realisierung der oben geschilderten Theorie basiert in derHauptsache auf einem von SK Dynamics neu entwickeltenBauelement: dem Capacito-Inductor. Es handelt sich dabei, wie derName schon andeutet, um eine Kombination aus Kondensator undInduktivität mit vier Anschlüssen. Im nebenstehenden Bild ist dieprinzipielle Schaltung dargestellt. Die mechanische Ausführung zeigt das zweite Bild. Der Capacito-Inductor besteht in der Hauptsache aus einer vierlagigen Wicklung, die

abwechselnd Schichten aus Metallfolie und einem Dielektrikum enthält und auf einen isolierten zylindrischenKern gewickelt ist. Bei den Prototypen kamen als Materialu.a. 8 um starke metallisierte PE-Folie, die gleichzeitig alsLeiter und Dielektrikum diente oder eine Kombination aus15um starker PE-Folie und 6um starker Aluminiumfolie zumEinsatz. Die Windungszahlen der ersten Prototypen lagenzwischen 256 und 1760 Windungen, die sich ergebendenKapazitäten C1 zwischen 2 und 18uF. Beim Gravity Motor wird dieses Bauteil in eineAnordnung aus Permanentmagneten montiert, die ein

radialesMagnetfeld erzeugen. Zur Erzeugung eines axialenGravitationsfeldes wird die gesamte Konstruktion in schnelleRotation versetzt, während an die Anschlüsse A/B und C/Dgleichzeitige und entgegengesetzt gerichtete Stromimpulseangelegt werden. Zwischen A und C wird eine Gleichspannungangelegt. Die Drehzahlen lagen bei den Prototypen zwischeneinigen hundert und über 3000 Umin-1

Erste Tests

Bisher sind bei SK Dynamics über 20 Prototypen gebaut worden,von denen allerdings einige wegen Fehlern bei der Herstellungnicht zum Test kamen.

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Die Prototypen wurden, wie im Bild zu sehen, in einer Waage montiert und mit einem Gegengewichtausbalanciert. Die Ablesegenauigkeit dieser Anordnung betrug ca. 17 g/mm

Hier einge Daten am Beispiel des Prototyps P14:

• Gesamtgewichtgewicht: 10 kg • Drehzahl: 2800 - 2900 Umin-1 • Stromstärke der Impulse: ca. 6 A • Gleichspannung zwischen A und C: ca. 750 V • Daten des Capacito-Inductors: Material PE/Al-Folie, 453 Wdg., C = 32uF

Testergebnisse:

- in Abhängigkeit von der Rotation

Rotation Umin-1 0 2500 2860 3100 3262 3330 2954 2868

Anzeige mm 151 151 152 152 151.5 150.8 151.5 151.5

- in Abhängigkeit von der Spannung A - C:

Spannung V 0 750 0 750

Anzeige mm 151 151.5 - 152 151 151.5

Die Tests ergaben im Mittel eine Ablenkung von 0,5 mm auf der Skale der Waage, das entspricht einerVerringerung des Gewichts der Apparatur um ca. 8,5 Gramm bzw. -0,05%. Die Ablenkung zeigte sich nach denersten 5 Minuten des Versuchs und ging innerhalb von 3 bis 4 Stunden während des Versuchs fast auf Nullzurück.

Der letztgenannte Effekt zeigte sich auch bei anderen Prototypen. P24 (rechts im Bild), getestet am 24.07.2000,zeigte einen Rückgang der anfänglichen Reduzierung um 0,05% auf 0,03% nach ca. einem Tag, nahmallerdings wenig später Schaden infolge eines Durchschlags des Dielektrikums. Weitere Einzelheiten undTestergebnisse finden sich in [2].

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Natürlich steht diese Entwicklung noch ganz am Anfang und es gibt etlicheungeklärte Fragen sowohl hinsichtlich der Theorie als auch der Konstruktiondes Gravity Motors. Eine der wichtigsten Fragen ist die nach demFrequenzbereich, der sich aus der Theorie ergibt, aber auch einemathematische Ableitung fehlt noch.

Pläne

Das erste Ziel von SK Dynamics ist die Erhöhung der Reduzierung auf 5%.Ist dieses Stadium erreicht, könnten derartige Geräte z.B. zur Lageregelungvon Satelliten zum Einsatz kommen. Diese Ziel soll zum Ende des Jahres2002 erreicht werden. In der zweiten Phase, die bis Ende 2006 erreicht werden soll, lautet dasZiel, den Gravity Motor soweit zu verbessern, dass er das 1,5fache seinesEigengewichts (ohne Stromversorgung) zu heben vermag. Eine Präsentation, die diese und weitere Daten enthält sowie einen Gesamtüberblick enthält, finden Sie unter[3].

Über den Erfinder

Rakesh Goel ist Mitglied des IEEE und studierte an der Universität von Roorkee(Indien). 1977 schloss er sein Studium ab und erlangte mit Auszeichnung den Gradeines Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics & Communication. Von 1978 bis 1992 arbeitete er als Technischer Direktor und Teilhaber in einerFirma, die Testequipment und Steuerungssysteme u.a. für Zentrifugen,Beschleunigungsmesser, Schwingungsmischer und optische Encoder entwickelte. 1992 gründete er die Firma SK Dynamics P. Ltd., eine eigenständige Firma fürForschung und Entwicklung, mit der er nicht nur das Ziel verfolgt, einenGravitationsantrieb zu entwickeln, sondern z.B. auch Motorsteuerungssysteme, u.a.für Analog Devices, entwarf. Er hält zur Zeit zwei amerikanische Patente auf demGebiet der Motorsteuerung, weitere Patente in Indien und Amerika, die sich auf den

Gravitationsantrieb beziehen, sind angemeldet.

Quellen

[1] Rakesh Goel: Thesis on Generation of Gravitational Force MS Word Document

[2] SK Dynamics Pvt.Ltd.: Test results MS Word Document

[3] SK Dynamics Pvt.Ltd.: A New Invention: Generation of Gravitational Force MS PowerPoint Presentation

Rechtlicher Hinweis

Die vorgestellten Technologien und Geräte sind geistiges Eigentum der Firma SK Dynamics Pvt. Ltd.. Sieunterliegen dem Patentschutz!Bildmaterial: © SK Dynamics Pvt. Ltd. Die Genehmigung zur Veröffentlichung liegt vor.Text: © Andreas Hecht

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Adept Alchemy by Robert A. Nelson. Part II. Chapter 2. Transmutations of Ores.

Back to Adept alchemy contents.

Chapter 2

Transmutations of Ores

(1) Introduction ~ (2) T. Moray ~ (3) Dunikovski ~ (4) A. Klobasa ~ (5) A. Conrad ~

(6) D. Hudson ~ (7) Joe Champion ~ (8) References

(1) Introduction

The synthesis of elements by high-energy bombardment of other elements is common knowledge and practiceamong nuclear physicists. In their fashion, modern physicists also have accomplished one of the goals ofalchemy: the production of artificial gold. However, the yields are low and the product is unstable and veryexpensive. Such nuclides find only limited use in medicine and chemistry.

For example, R. Sherr, et al., reported the "Transmutation of Mercury by Fast Neutrons" of lithium anddeuterium. These formed three radioactive isotopes of gold by the n-p reaction, and three isotopes of platinum.(11)

In 1980, a group of researchers at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (Glen T. Seaborg, et al.) reported theproduction of a few billion atoms of gold as the "trivial result" of an experiment with a Bevalac accelerator. Abismuth target was bombarded with a "relativistic projectile" that chipped some protons from the Bi nuclei,forming gold. The experiment produced less than one-billionth of a cent worth of gold. (1, 6, 12)

Andrew Melchanov published this notice in 1980, but nothing has been reported about it since then:

Soviet physicists at a nuclear research facility near Lake Baikal in Siberia accidentally discovered afusion reaction for turning lead into gold [in 1972] when they found the lead shielding of one of theirexperimental reactors had changed to gold. (8)

Several researchers in the 20th century have reported their methods of producing profitable amounts of valuesfrom base metals and low-grade ores without the use of nuclear reactors. Some of the methods are genuine low-energy alchemical transmutations.

(2) T. H. Moray

The Moray process is a prime example of what is possible. In 1950, Thomas H. Moray was approached with arequest to investigate the possibility of improving the extraction of uranium ores. As a matter of course, theMoray Research Institute (MRI) proceeded by bombarding the ore in an "environment" with x-rays as high as24 MeV before attempting to extract the values. The average ore contained 0.23% uranium oxide. Afterirradiation, the ore yielded from 7-75% uranium oxide!

In 1953 the MRI proposed that the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) investigate such a project for the"aging" of atomic ores by a "breeding type reaction with high-energy particles or x-rays in the presence of aproper environment." The AEC declined to grant a contract. (7, 9, 10)

In 1958 MRI adapted its process to the augmentation of precious metal ores. the Moray process uses three maincategories of ores, containing traces to a few hundredth of an ounce of gold and silver per ton: 1) low-gradeunprocessed gold ore; 2) mill tailings especially advantageous; this material costs very little, is groundalready, and yields excellent results. Higher grade ores seem to be less adaptable to this process; they yield

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much less of an increase in values than do low grade ores.

Early tests gave yields of 50-100 oz. gold/ton ore. While virtually no gold or silver values can bedetermined in the raw ore, after irradiation and drying the gold and silver can be identified by standardfire assay or any other normal determination methods...

Metals not otherwise detected are freed for a separation by normal separating processes. This processdoes not purport to be a separation process in any way in that upon completion of irradiation thesamples will have to be disposed of expediently. (9)

The Moray process utilizes an "environmental solution, developed in 1949. Aging became a problem aschemical reactions continued to take place due to hydration and temperature changes. By 1961, the MRI hadrefined several formulas of solutions, one or more of which work well with most ore types and do not requireany aging. They can be used immediately after mixing and can be stored without adverse effects. Their cost isapproximately $50/100 gallons (the volume of solution required to process one ton of ore). The solution isheated to an unspecified "elevated temperature" during irradiation.

In a telephone interview with Ken Jones (September 1981), John Moray said:

The environmental material consists of a combination of chemicals whose atomic numbers add up tothe atomic number of silver or gold and yield silver and gold upon irradiation [The formulas includearseno- and iron-pyrites in alkaline solution]. Antimony has peculiar properties it has floatingelectrons which come in very handy. It is believed that this environment furnishes particles similar tothe cosmic ray reaction on the atmosphere. Research work indicates that the radiation must becomposed of both high-speed electrons and x-rays. Consistent results under controlled methods wereobtained with the addition of a catalyst (a flux or reduction agent, an environment) combined withbombardment of the material ... by an energy bombardment tube developed for the Research Institute.

The "bombardment tube" may be a preferred embodiment of Dr. T.H. Moray’s "Electro-TherapeuticApparatus" (US Patent #2,460,707, Cl. 128-421; Feb. 1, 1949) In abstract, the invention is described thus:

An apparatus for applying radiant energy therapeutically, comprising means for producing highpotential, high frequency electricity; a high capacity sparking condensor; and a treatment electrodeconnected in circuit with the foregoing...

The invention has been described in the foregoing with sole reference to its use for therapeuticpurposes. It should be noted, however, that inorganic matter may also be treated to advantage pursuantto the methods and with the apparatus... It has been found that metals, for example, lead, have changedphysical properties after treatment in accordance with the above...

T.R. Dolph published an article about the Moray process (Fate, February 1976), in which he stated:

Dr. Moray engaged my father-in-law, attorney Victor G. Sagers, Midvale, Utah, to represent him inoffering the device to the US Government... Transmutation of metals (yes, turning lead into gold) wasdemonstrated several times; the government supplied the lead and kept the gold. (5)

John Moray commented on this in a letter to Ken Jones (18 January 1982):

The article by T.R. Dolph, Garland, TX, is one of those articles written by a crackpot that has in factmixed together a number of unrelated facts. There is no such device as described in Fate magazine...The bombardment tube does exist. However, this has nothing to do with the recovery of minerals fromlow grade ore. The bombardment tube is a part of the therapy device.

The story of gold and lead supplied by the US Government is a complete fabrication. My father and Ialways detested liars, and this man Dolph is a compulsive liar. His father-in-law, Vick Sagers, wouldnever have said anything similar to what this man has said.

John Moray added this note in a later letter to Ken Jones (11 February 1982):

The bombardment tube is electrotherapy and does not apply to the mining or mineral recovery process,regardless of how you interpret the patent.

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The patent application is speaking of a "method" and has to do with an individual trained in the art ofthat ‘method’ which is all the law requires, and therefore, changing the physical properties of lead, i.e.,making it possible to be alloyed with copper or developing a lead semi-conductor has nothing to do withthe mineral process again.

The services of the eminent physicist W.J. Hooper (Prof. Emiritus, Principia College) and other scientists weresolicited in an effort to discover what was producing such results. It appeared to be caused by "a rapid buildupof atoms of relatively low atomic weights to those of much higher atomic weights" such as silver, gold, andplatinum.

In a progress report at the 68th National Western Mining Conference (Denver, CO; Feb. 4, 1965), Dr. Hooperannounced:

First of all, I will cite one of several tests carried out in an effort to ascertain whether the modusoperandi was actually one of transmutation from elements of low atomic weights to those of the noblemetals. A solution was prepared made up of Baker’s reagent quality chemicals of the highest purityand water, distilled by boiling. These bottled chemicals list the trace materials which might be existentin them. Gold did not appear on any of these lists even in trace amounts. No atoms of higher atomicnumber than 19 (K) were present in quantity in this solution. Silver has the atomic number of 47, andgold 79. This prepared solution of pure chemicals in glass containers is irradiated by high energyphotons for about one minute and then by evaporation the residue was dried and sent to an independentassayer for analysis... It reads 939.76 oz gold/ton and 113.04 oz silver per ton...

A point of great interest in the experimental test I have described is that the specks of gold found in theresidue of the solutions reveal a marked crystal structure under microscopic examination. It is acoincidence that Miethe, back around 1925, found his formation of gold to be in small crystals also...The process we have described is in reality a crystal growing bath activated by irradiation. As the goldatoms come into being by transmutation, they become gregarious, which results in the crystal formation.

From this observation there is every reason to suspect that low grade ores and mining tailings provide,not only the seed for crystal growth, but also a nuclei environment which is well advanced or uniquelyfavorable, for the formation of the precious metals by transmutation.

Dr. Hooper contended that the process is one of nuclear reaction. Dr. Hans Frauenfelde (Univ. Illinois) opinedthat the energy levels were too much of a departure from the accepted standards to verify this point. Anothertheory proposes that colloidal gold, lost in the dilution of ore in the environmental solution, is concentrated bythe bombardment. The MRI insists that is not the case.

In 1963, MRI conducted experiments with a linear accelerator at the Electronized Chemicals Corporation(Rockford, IL) at energy levels of 11.4-20 meV with doses of 1 megarad. The average yields were 8-9% gold! Itwas estimated that a production rate of 5 tons of ore per day was possible with the available equipment.Computerized risk analysis indicated that yields over 11.5 oz Au/ton ore could be expected with 99.5%certainty. A higher average (15 oz Au/ton) could be expected in mass production under optimum conditions.Other experiments showed even more promise, yielding 100-200 oz Au/ton (128 oz Au/ton average):

The standard deviation of yields was rather high due to the constant modification of experimentalconditions.

MRI rented time on the Varian Associates 8 MeV LINAC in order to test parameters such as dose, dose rate,slurry depth, shield material, electron volt setting, shield height, and the distance of the target from theirradiation source. The shield was a thin sheet of unspecified material placed over the sample while irradiatingit:

In main effects, only electron-voltage setting showed up as significant, with high-voltage setting beingbetter than the low. In addition, several interactions between variables showed up as being significant.An interaction between two variables means that when either variable is changed singly, a significantdifference results. Some interactions between three variables, or perhaps even more may be present. Thefollowing interactions seemed to be significant ones and seem to indicate that a higher voltage wouldgive much better results: 1) Shield height/Voltage; 2) Dose rate/Voltage; 3) Dose/Voltage; 4) Distance

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of sample from radiation source/Shield height; 5) Solution depth/Shield material; 6) Slurrydepth/Voltage.

X-rays perform photo-disintegration, and the electrons furnish the energy and amperage to the reaction.It is suspected that because the escaping electrons have a certain amount of energy, a certain amount ofx-rays will be produced in the material by the electrons’ reactions (Compton Effect). The ideal reaction,it is indicated, is for the x-ray to be produced at a target located somewhere outside the accelerator tubewhere losses of energy would be minimal. This reaction is dependent on the following factors:

1) The isomers of the isotopes reacted upon must be present in the ore before the ore will react to thereaction; 2) These reactions are dependent upon the type target in order to control the frequency of thequantum energy level; 3) High-energy electrons must be present in the ore as well as x-rays; 4) Thecomposition of the environmental solution furnishes other particles that are freed by the action of theresonant frequency of the x-rays and the electrons produced by the particle accelerator; 5) The reactionis a dose-rate reaction and not dependent upon velocity. The velocity of the original particles willdetermine the depth and time of the reaction only. Over-radiation gives a deterioration rate and loss ofvalues reported...

As the size of the sample varies, the reaction varies on an inverse lineal level wherein doubling the sizeof the sample would cut the total reaction in half.

Radiation dosages of 0.16, 0.5, and 2.0 Megarads/minute gave peaks on the dosage curve. FourMegarads/minute gives the highest yield. Irradiation lasted one minute. The reaction also is wattage-dependent.The minimum wattage required is 200 watt-seconds per gram of ore:

The process has to be adjusted to the characteristics of different ores. The chemical formulas and theresonant energy levels must be established for each ore.

Consistency was achieved in 1970 by adding to the process a control resonant chamber (MagneticUndulator) which acts to bring all variables into phase, or into a resonant relationship, with the radiationsource, to a point where a consistency was obtained higher than any obtained prior to that time. Thereare definite peaks at which each ore that is of value with this process, releases the metals found withinit. There are peaks for each metal ion within the ore.

The Magnetic Undulator establishes non-propagating, resonant standing waves with the x-ray diffractionwavelength of gold (2.042 Angstroms) in the environmental solution. The chemicals (in copper pans) werebombarded from above. Each bombardment increased the amount of gold 9-fold, but the yield later diminishedto only three times the original amount. Consistently high, stable yields were obtained by first irradiating thetrays from below and then applying x-rays from overhead. The yields increased 9-fold and remained at thatlevel without deteriorating. The process as developed produces little increase in platinum values, probably dueto: a) the energy level of the irradiation source; b) the chemical composition of the environmental solution; c)target type. The silver produced in this process assayed as high as 426 oz/ton. According to the report, thefollowing conditions also apply:

The reaction is sensitive to interference from nearly every material other than glass or porcelain.Plastics cannot be used, nor stainless steel, and most varieties of rubber or brass. Copper can be used ifit is in one continuous piece. Indications are that interference is due to electrostatic charge or particleposition in the solution.

Better results also would be obtained with suction pumping of the slurry in an all-glass system, rather than themakeshift conveyer belt/copper pan system used by MRI.

(3) Dunikovski

In 1931, a Polish engineer named Dunikovski announced that he could produce artificial gold by the action of"Z-rays" on a mixture of silica and felspar melted in bronze crucibles under the influence of 110 kilovolts.Dunikovski claimed to have perfected a process he inherited from his father and grandfather who haddeveloped it. Dunikovski theorized that all minerals contain "embryonal atoms" or "mineralites" that can beartificially matured in minutes.

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Several French investors syndicated and subscribed 2,000,000 francs which Dunikovski used to build alaboratory in Paris. But no gold was produced, and he was charged with fraud. He demonstrated his process tothe court, but the results were ambiguous and insufficient to prove his innocence. Dunikovski was sentenced tofour years imprisonment, but his attorney secured his release after two years. Dunikovski relocated to SanRemo and renewed his experiments. He improved the process, gaining significant increases in yields.

His attorney (Jean Legrand) visited Dunikovski with the eminent chemist Albert Bonn to investigate the newsituation. M. Bonn witnessed and replicated the process. One type of sand, which contained 11 grams Au/tonbefore treatment, assayed 859 grams/ton after treatment with the improved apparatus.

Dunikovski later establisheded "Metallex, Societe Anonyme" with Belgian stockholders and established afactory on Lake Neuchatel. Nothing more is known about the affair because all subsequent proceeding werekept secret. (4)

(4) Adalbert Klobasa

About 1937, an Austrian chemist named Adalbert Klobasa claimed to have produced gold using anelectromagnet and induction coil with which he treated a mixture of titanium-potassium-oxalate (36 gr), ferroussulfate (84 gr), copper sulfate (50 gr), sodium sulfide (50 gr), ammonium chloride (100 gr), ammonia (250 ml),sodium silicate (20 cc) and silica (440 gr). The reaction was catalyzed with 100 mg of silver. Two hours oftreatment afforded a 1% yield of gold which appeared as brown-red scales. Klobasa claimed that gold is builtup from iron, titanium, and sodium. He declined to enter into business with his synthesis:

I am too old, and not fit enough to worry myself chasing around after capitalists.(4)

(5) Arnold Conrad

Another simple method which "ripens green ores" (volcanic sulfides, pyrites, or tellurides) was perfected byArnold Conrad (Chico, CA). Conrad learned the process from a German scientist. The technique balances theore’s electropositive charge with 10-150 volts DC. The enhanced values are removed by electroplate refining(or in vacuo for Rh, Os, and Ir). (3)

As all ores are different I may use from one to three additives... to assist in rejuvenating the chemicalsand acids in ores. But any material eroded... by water is not amenable to this process.

Another similar method of transmutative enrichment was developed by some California alchemists in the1970s:

Smelt 2 lb lead with soda ash and/or soda-borax. Use this as the anode, and a stainless steel or carbon rod as thecathode. The reaction with the ore is contained in a carbon crucible with 10% nitric acid as the electrolyte. Addextra flux as needed. The process is repeated from 7-21 times.

(6) David Hudson/ORMEs

In the 1980s, David Hudson discovered the existence of ORMEs (Orbitally Rearranged Monoatomic Elements)which are virtually undetectable by conventional means (except for a distinguishing IR doublet located betweenabout 1400 and 1600 cm-1) because they lack a d-orbital electron. Hudson and associates developed a methodto recover ORMEs and convert them into their metallic forms. While it is not a transmutation of one elementinto another (but rather, the conversion of an allotrope into the common visible form of the elements), theextraction and conversion of ORMEs to metal may explain the claims of some other experimentors. Certainores, particularly sodic and calcidic plagioclase, contain large amounts of ORMEs which can be extracted byHudson's process, as described in his Australian patent for "Non-Metallic, Monoatomic Forms of TransitionalElements" (1989):

300 gr of dried material assayed by conventional techniques to show no gold present, ground to lessthan 200 mesh, is placed in a 1-gallon vessel, fitted with electrodes, with 120 gr NaCl, 10 gr KBr, and 2liters of tap water.

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The anode consists of a pair of 3/8" x 12" carbon welding rods wrapped together with No.10 copperwire. The cathode consists of 1-5/8" ID x 14" glass tube with a medium porosity glass frit with a 1" x14" x 1/16" stainless steel strip inside in a solution of 36 gr/liter NaCl (approx. 500 ml). Both electrodesare placed into the sample vessel and supported by clamps extending about 5" into the sample solution.

The sample is placed on a roller table at approx. 10 rpm. The electrodes are connected to a (120 V)power supply in conjunction with a 2-3 amp 400-600 PIV rectifier. A 100 W light bulb and theelectrodes are hooked in series. The rectifier load is connected to the anode since the rectifier filters outall negative voltage and only passes positive voltage.

The sample is kept under load for a period of 6-1/2 hours. The final pH is in the range of 3-6.5. Thevoltage across the electrode is 5 volts. After disconnecting the load, the sample as allowed to settle andthe solution over the settled out material was removed by decantation...

800 ml of the sample was placed in a 1000 ml beaker and 20 ml concentrated sulfuric acid was added tothe solution. With stirring, the solution was boiled down slowly on a hotplate until the solution was justdry (not baked). The just dry salt contains sodium gold chloride. The just dry salt was taken up in 400ml deionized water and again boiled down to the just dry condition. There should be no discoloration atthis point, i.e., a clear solution is formed.

The just dry salt was then taken up in 400 ml 6M HCl, and thereafter boiled down to the just drycondition. The dilution and boiling down step was repeated four times, alternating with a deionizedwater and a 6M HCl wash, with the sequence controlled to that the last washing was with 6M HCl. Thepurpose is to remove all traces of hypochlorite oxidant.

The just dry salts are taken up in 400 ml anhydrous ethanol and stirred for approximately 10 minutes.This step is to dissolve the gold chloride salt, to remove the sodium chloride. After stirring, the slurrywas filtered through #42 paper on a Buchner funnel.

5 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid was slowly added to the filtrate, mixed, and the filtrate was thenallowed to sit for approximately 1 hour. The filtrate was filtered through #42 paper on a Buchner funnel,hand then passed through a filter of 0.5 micron Teflon. The sulfuric acid precipitates out any calcium.Filtration removes the precipitant and a light yellow filtrate is recovered, with all traces of calciumsulfate removed.

The light yellow solution was again boiled down to just dry, taking care to avoid any charring. At thispoint there should be no further evaporation of ethanol and the just dry residue should be free of color.The residue should have a sweet smell similar to burnt sugar. The occurrence of the sweet smellindicates the end point of the boil-down.

The just dry residue is taken up in 600 ml deionized water to provide a water-soluble gold form which isthe gold auride. If desired, the G-ORME can be recovered at this stage or converted into metallic gold.For gold recovery, the solution is put into a 1000 ml beaker and an electrolysis unit was set up... Theanode is a gold electrode, 2 cm2 in size, upon which gold solution will plate out. The cathode comprisesa 6.8 cm2 platinum electrode contined in a Nafion 117 chamber... Inside the Nafion chamber is 200 mlof electrolyte solution containing 5 ml sulfuric acid per 600 ml of electrolyte solution. It is important tokeep the Nafion chamber wet at all times. The potential was measured across the electrodes and then anadditional -2.2 volts potential was applied and maintained for a period of 2 hours.

After the two hours, the potential was raised to 3.0 volts and maintained for approximately 18 hours.Bubbles formed on both the gold and platinum electodes. A black material formed on the gold electrodeafter 3-4 hours. The gold electrode was removed from solution while voltage was still being applied.The electrode was dried in a vacuum oven overnight at 115o C. The electrode was weighed before andafter the plating to determine the amount of gold collected.

The metallic gold is, therefore, produced from a naturally-occurring ore which, when subjected toconventional assaying, does not test positive for gold.

The ORMEs are produced from sodium gold chloride, which is reduced to sodium auride:

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Continued aquation results in dissociation of the gold atom from the sodium and the eventual formationof a protonated auride of gold as a grey precipitate. Subsequent annealing produces the Gold-ORME.The G-ORME has an electron arrangement whereby it acquires d-orbital hole or holes which shareenergy with an electron or electrons. This pairing occurs under the influence of a magnetic fieldexternal to the field of the electron.

G-ORMEs are stable [as] demonstrated by unique thermal and chemical properties. The white salt-likematerial that is formed when G-ORMES are treated with fuming HClO4 or fuming H2SO4 are dissimilar

from the transition (T) metal or its salts. The G-ORME will not react with cyanide, will not be dissolvedby aqua regia, and will not wet or amalgamate with mercury... The G-ORMEs remain as a powder at1200oC...

G-ORMEs can be reconverted to metallic gold from which they were formed. This reconversion isaccomplished by an oxidative rearangement which removes all paired valence electrons together withtheir vacancy pair electrons, with a subsequent refilling of the d and s orbitals with unpaired electronsuntil the proper configuration is reached for the T-metal.

This oxidative rearrangement is effected by subjecting the G-ORME to a large negative potential in thepresence of an electron-donating element, such as carbon, thus forming a metallic element-carbonchemical bond. For that metal-carbon bond to occur the carbon must provide for the horizontal removalof the d orbital vacancy of the ORME. The carbon acts as a chemical fulcrum. When the element-carbon bond is reduced by way of further decreasing the potential, the carbon receives a reducingelectron and subsequently vertically inserts that reducing electron below the s orbitals of the element,thus forming metallic gold.

The above description for the preparation of G-ORME from commercially available metallic gold isapplicable equally for the preparation of the remaining ORMEs, except for the specific potential energyrequired and the use of nascent nitrogen rather than carbon to convert the other ORMEs to theirconstituent metallic forms. The specific energies range between -1.8 V and -2.5 V depending on theparticular element. Alternatively this arrangement can be achieved chemically by reacting NO gas withthe T-metal ORMEs other than gold. Nitric oxide is unique in that it possesses the necessary chemicalpotential as well as the single unpaired electron.

(7) Joe Champion

In the 1990s, Joe Champion announced a variety of methods of transmutations of black sands by thermal burns,melts and kinetic methods. He was convicted of fraud in Arizona after being accused by an irate investor whofailed to achieve satisfactory results. Other researchers (including the physicists Bockris and Sundaresan, 1994)validated his processes, however, so the question remain open for experiment.

The process was developed from a method of "growing gold" in an electrolytic cell which was originallydeveloped by Dr. Walter Lussage, a Czechoslovakian geologist (d. 1977). Dr. Lussage revealed his process toMr. Jack Keller, who taught it to Joe Champion in 1989. Champion subsequently developed the methodfurther.

The original formula is quite simple: black sand (90 gr), charcoal (90 gr), and sodium nitrate (270 gr),pulverized to 200 mesh and mixed thoroughly. The reagents must be pulverized separately to avoid ignition.The mixture is ignited with a torch; it burns about 90 seconds, reaching a temperature of about 700o C. In oneassay, the mixture contained 0.18 mg Au and 1.35 mg Ag before ignition; after ignition it contained 212.7 mgAu and 856.8 mg Ag.

Black sand typically is composed of 40% magnetite (Fe3O4), hematite (Fe2O3), or chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). The

necesssary parental isotopes (cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel, and calcium) must be present, according to theformula:

Co59 + Ca40-44 → Ag99-103

Ni60-64 + Ca44 → Cd104-108

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The addition of a molar proportion of lead enabled the atoms of gold to be collected as they formed, and servedas an absorptive shield for radioactivity released in the reaction.

Another formula for the thermal burn process was carbon (300 gr), potassium nitrate (900 gr), sulfur (80 gr),silica (120 gr), ferrous sulfate (100 gr), cadmium (30 gr), mercury chloride (100 gr), lead oxide (50 gr), silver(5 gr), and calcium oxide (30 gr).

In one test that Champion described, the thermal melt process was accomplished in a gas-fired or inductivelyheated furnace, vented to release gases liberated in the process. A mixture of black sands (1 kg), mineral coal(1 kg), sodium nitrate (3 kg), lead (300 gr), silver (200 gr), and mercury chloride (HgCl2, 1 kg) in a graphite

crucible yielded 44 gr gold, 6 gr platinum, and 35 gr rhodium.

Another gas-fired mixture tested by Champion was composed of black sands (100 gr), charcoal (300 gr),sodium nitrate (900 gr) and powered silver (500 gr). When an inductive furnace was employed, the formulaneeded to be modified: black sands (100 gr), charcoal (350 gr), sodium nitrate (150 gr), silver (50 gr), andcopper powder (50 gr).

The gas or electricity was reduced during the ignition period. After the ignition was completed, the temperaturewas raised to 2000o C for 90 minutes. If necessary, borax or potassium nitrate was added to maintain fluidity ofthe mixture. When there was no more apparent reaction, the mixture was poured into a mold to cool, and theslag removed. Both the reaction mixture and the slag should be assayed.

Another method was discovered in 1993, utilizing the kinetic energy of a ball mill with 40 kg of carbon steelballs. The liner must be made of iron-coated steel and the reagents must be thoroughly dry for this method towork properly. The ball mill also must have an air-tight seal. 24% of the mineral weight should be ferricoxygen, which is required for the kinetic excitation transmutation to occur.

One of Champion's research associates, Greg Iseman (Mesa AZ), used a microwave digestion process toperform analyses of the formula; this method also produced transmutations.

If the reaction mixture exceeds 15 kg, the yield is reduced because the transmutation cycle is too long andbegins to produce base elements instead of precious metals. It was found necessary to add traces of the targetelements to the starting mixture in order for the resonance of those elements (i.e., Au) to act as a "stoppingagent". Champion also noted:

The following reagents were required to produce synthetic precious metals by this process: silica,ferrous sulfate, lead oxide, calcium oxide, mercury sulfide, and cadmium. The mixture was combinedwith carbon, sodium or potassium nitrate, sulfur, mercury chloride, and silver. The formula producedsynthetic gold, iridium, platinum, palladium, and rhodium...

When the chemical mixture is properly prepared, it has a reproductive factor of over 60%. This waslater increased to 90-plus percent when an error was determined in the crystalline structure of theferrous sulfate. The differences dealt with a magnetic susceptibility at high temperature, i.e., greaterthan 750o C...

The coincidence factor is extremely important in determining the effectiveness of any nuclearoccurrence... The following parameters must be weighed:

1. Natural occurrence (%) of parental isotopes;

2. Percent relationship of parental isotopes to total mass;

3. Composition of total mass;

4. Thermal nuclear cross section of parental isotopes;

5. Magnetic susceptibility of nuclear moment;

6. Type and length of energy excitation;

7. Parental isotopes' complacency with additives...

The coincidence factor is also related to the 'treeing effect': it is a nuclear reaction, such as caused by

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low energy transmutation situations, where a parental element has multiple isotopes, but whencombined with 10α and (10α + α o), produce more daughter isotopes than parents. If charted, thiswould resemble limbs on a tree...

(8) References

1. American Business (April 1980), p. 16.

2. Champion, Joe: Producing Precious Metals at Home; 1994, Discover Publishing P.O. Box 67, Westboro WI 54490); see alsoBockris, J.: Fusion Technology 26: 261, 266 (1994)

3. Conrad, Arnold: California Mining Journal (February 1973), p. 13.

4. Doberer, K.K.: The Goldmakers; 1948, Nicholson & Watson, London.

5. Dolph, T.R.: Fate 29(2), #311 (February 1976).

6. Garretson, Fred: Oakland Tribune (Sat., 22 March 1980), p. A-7.

7. Hendricks, Ruth L.: "Affadavit" (5 November 1975).

8. Melchanov, Andrew: Chicago Elite (January 1980).

9. Moray, T. H.:I. "Recovery of Minerals from Low-Grade Ore by High Energy Bombardment"; (68th National Western Mining Conf.(Denver, CO; 4 February 1965); II. Hooper, W.J.: "Startling Possibilities in Artificial Transmutation", p. 5-7; III. Hendricks, Ruth L.:"History of Research Project", p. 8-9; IV. Rudolph, Th. E.: "Statistical Evaluation Research Report", p. 10-12.

10. Olsen, Prof. L. M.: Financial & Statistical Evaluation: "Recovery of Minerals from Low-Grade Ore by High-EnergyBombardment".

11. Sherr, R., et al.: Physical Review 60 (7): 473-479 (October 1941).

12. Star (12 February 1980).

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The Dual-Vortex Engines SpaceCraftcreated on 01-20-99 - JLN Labs - last update on 02-01-99

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Two special conical coils ( 1 and 2 )are used for generating the B-Field Torsion effect. The special B-Fields generated by the conical shaped coil must be balanced in the case of the use only as a generator.In the case of the B-Field are unbalanced the generator can produce an asymetrical thrust due to theunbalanced Aether pressure above and below. In this case the device act as a Aether thruster which isalso able to produce usable energy. So, this will permit to start a new device the Emadyne project(Electro-MAgnetic and DYNamic), which uses a big Dual Vortex Generator (DVGen) as a thruster in thecenter and three small units for the B-Field control.

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