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Altra Scienza - Rivista Free Energy N 02 - Nikola Tesla

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Testatika demonstration with over 30 engineers translation by Stefan Hartmann and Hans Holzherr on 4th of Aug. 99

fonte:http://www.overunity.com/testatika/neweng.htm

Recently, over 30 technicians and engineers (most of them retired) were allowed to visit the Methernitha groupin Linden, Switzerland, where they witnessed a demo of the different Testatika machines. Here is a report from Hans Holzherr from Switzerland who was present:

Re: Testatika demonstration? From: Hans Holzherr To: Stefan Hartmann < [email protected] >

Hello Mr. Hartmann,

To your questions:

> Have you seen live a machine with a load? > If so, what load?

I am referring in the following to the model with the 50-cm diameter disks. This machine was already running when the visitors stepped into the room, and was not halted during the whole time - we weretherefor about 1.5 hrs.As a first load a 1000-Wattlamp wasconnectedforapproximately10 secondswhosebrightnessdid NOT diminish - the correspondingsequenceon the Testatikafilm is just aneffectof thecameraaperture'sautomaticadjustingto thesuddenbrightness!Thesecondloadwasa U-shapedheatingelement,that Mr.Baumannhandedto me.It becameso hot within onesecondthat I hadtoput it down immediately!What wasparticularly impressivewasthat while he pulled backoneof the contactwires (that was with the lamp, I believe),a 1-cm long arc appearedbetweenthe output electrodeand theconnectingwire for approximatelyonesecond.Theapparatuswasundera plexiglasshood.Nearthebaseit hadtwo holes which Baumann used to insert the contact wires to touch the output electrodes.

> How do you think the high wattage is produced ?

Good question! I'd love to know the answer, too!

> Did the disks slow down when a load was placed across the output electrodes ?

I did notnoticethat(nobodyelsedid), butof courseyou tendto turnyour look to 'wheretheactionis' (thelampetc.) The disks turned with 15 rpm, which is quite slow. The spin rate was regulated magnetically.

> What general impression did you have ?

It was really impressive! One can hardly believe it, with this slow rotation. In any case, this cannot be explainedin termsof bareelectrostaticsin thesenseof theWimshurstmachine.Theperforatedsheetsseemto havea keyfunction...Besidethepick-upandthedriveelectrodestherearea numberof smallplexiglassblockswith glued-on perforated sheets, whose function is unknown.

As Adolf Schneideralreadymentioned,my colleagueBernhardXXX andI want to try to copy the principleexperiment shown by Baumann - without much hope to find anything extraordinary, though.

The deviceconsistsof a horizontalswiveling plexiglassarm with a small rectangularplexiglassplateat bothendsgluedto thelower sideof thearm.The lower sideof thearmis coveredwith perforatedaluminumsheets(squareholes), while the bottom of the plates is coveredwith brasswire mesh.Beneatheach plate five

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additionalplatesaregluedonto thebaseplate.Thereis alsowire meshbetweeneachpair of platesin the twoblocks.Fromthemeshlayerbetweenthelowestplateandthebasea wire goesto thetwo capacitors,which areconnectedin parallel. Baumannseizedthearmwith bothhandsandturnedit abouttentimesbackandforth (afull rotation wasnot possible,becausethe capacitorswerein the way), thenmeasuredthe DC voltagewith adigital measuring instrument: 60 Volts. Then, as he short-circuited the condensers a loud crack could be heard. Idon´t know if that already is an abnormal result... On my questionBaumannrepliedthatwith metalfoil (insteadof wire mesh)thedevicewould not producethateffect.

Picture copyright 1999 by Hans Holzherr

Recentlywe got to know a personwho had copied the 50-cm machinebasedon the Testatikaliterature.However, his model does not function (is not self-running).

Re: Testatika demonstration? to: Stefan Hartmann < [email protected] >

Hello Mr. Hartmann,

here are further specifications to your questions:

> Did the machine ran the whole time ? 1,5 hours?

Yes.

>Could you imagine that in the base of the machine batteries of the flat > chequecard type arehidden,or the would thesebe depletedtoo soonto accountfor the >powerproducedduring that 1.5-hour period?

Unfortunately,I cannotjudge that. If oneconsidersthat the Methernithacommunitygainsneithermoneynorfamefrom themachine,andthat theyaresomedia-shyandotherwiserestrictiveI find the thoughtof a simplebatterytrick prettyabsurd..... (Of coursea skepticmightarguethattheyaremedia-shyBECAUSEit's a batterytrick...)

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> Could you touch the machine ? Is the base of the device empty or is there something in it, > or is it build from massive wood?

It wasforbiddento touchthe50 cm machine,let alonelift it up.ThereforeI cannotsayanythingaboutthebaseotherthanthat it appearedsolid. BUT onecouldtouchthesmallertypemodels e.g.thesmallmodelswith the12 cm disks.Onecould lift themandexaminethem- while thediskskept turning.Thewholeatmospherewasrather loose - surprisingly. In this regard,beinga groupof over30 personswasanadvantage:Thetwo Methernithapeoplecouldn'twatchallour fingersat all times!Theearliestmodelis, by theway, theonly onewhosedisksarepropelledby anelectricmotor which is driven by a capacitor which in turn is continuously recharged.

> I see, the plastic cover was for HV security ?

Also, I think it is a dust shield. The machine is really beautiful...

> Hmm, in former reports it was stated that it ran with 50 RPM!!?

I have read that, too. With this demo, however, the speed was approximately just 15 RPM.

> > there is a number of plexiglass blocks with glued-on perforated sheet, their > > function is unknown. > > Aha, very strange.... > > Are these "special antennas"?

I don´t know. Somehaveperforatedsheetsgluedon two oppositesides,so they could be condensers;othershaveonly oneperforatedsheetwhich is bentover an edgeof the plexiglassblock, so it coverstwo adjacentsides.

After my visit I made a diagram of the ' principle experiment' - see the picture above!

> Hmm, was that another device, or was that just a briefly modified existing machine??

Another device! Baumann's comment: this is how it all started!

>>Recentlywe got to know a person,who hadcopiedthe 50-cmmachinebasedon the >>Testatikaliterature.However, this model does not function (is not self-running).

> Yes a pure Wimhusrt machine will probably not even run itself, > if one does not know the Methernitha secrets

I saw a photo from this copied device, and at first sight it looked like the original, including the horseshoe magnets.

> P.s.: May anybody know that you were at Methernitha ? > you are the first with an "email address" to have seen that 'live' ! > Other visitors did not have internet ACCESS, it could > be that you'll get a great many emails... > Could I list you as a "witness" in the Free Energy lists?

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Thanks for the warning! Then it will be better without email address. I am also only a witness, without being able to prove that the thing absolutely works...

Re: Testatika demonstration? Date: Mon, 2 August 1999 16:39:44 -0400 From: Hans XXX to: Stefan Hartmann < [email protected] >

Hello Mr. Hartmann,

> Can I put the picture onto overunity.com the server?

Yes, you can.

> Should I mention your name ?

As the author of the picture.

> I will translate your emails into English and post them > into the Free Energy lists.

Yes, perhapsI could then checkthe English version.Has Adolf sentyou the NET Journalarticle about theMethernitha visit? There you find additional specifications,information that other visitors have gained.However, I find the 'yield ' of the visit report somewhat disappointing.

> I will not then mention your email address there.

O.k.

> Apparently, Mr. Baumann and Mr. Bosshardt were in a pretty informative mood that day!

Yes,you could saythat.UnfortunatelyI haddifficulties to understandBaumann becausehe spokesoftly andfast, and provided explanationsin non-scientificterms.However, it's very interestingthat he answeredmyquestion,if the energysourceof the Testatikawasradiumchloride,with a definiteNO. Also, they said,thereexists no other Testatika machine elsewhere. Nelson Camus had told a different story: that he had encountered asimilar community in South America which was in touch with Methernitha,and which also possessedaTestatika.According to Camusthe apparatusfunctions with radium chloride-dopedcondensers.That alsoworks, but for that you don't need any moving parts! (Hubbard generator).

(from Stefan Hartmann: I really doubt this claim from Nelson Camus....!!)

> Did Methernitha have no problem to show you the "principle setup" of your above picture ? Obviouslynot. They probablytrust in the fact thatnot all secretsareVISIBLE on themachine.E.g. - it lookslike - themolecularorientationof all plexiglassplatesmustbethesame.And thenthematerialplaysarole. (weknow this from a different source.)

> Don't they object against anybody copying the machine? > Or do they think that one cannot understand the whole system quickly enough in such a demo? No and yes, and they are probably darn right! It is hard to grasp!

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> could you see the small machines with a load, too? > how much Watts could these deliver ? Approx. 300 Watts? > those are more simply built , right ?

With the 12 cm original model Baumann got a voltage of 130 V. He connected a load to it, which consisted of two small lamps and a resistor. Values unknown. After that two visitors were asked short circuit the apparatus via their bodies, which gave them an electric shock!

Interestinglyenough,the digital voltmeter showedonly briefly 130 Volts, and then stoppedworking. Allfollowing measurements,alsoon the 50 cm machine,weremadewith an analogmeter.The smallerTestatikasaresimpler.Eachoneis built a bit differently.Onehasonly onedisk. Several,includinga 1-metermodelunderconstruction,have'sectorwires' insteadof sectorfoils, which aresortof 'woven'into the disk, changingsidesthree times.

> Were there bifilary coils inside the Leydener bottles?

You could not see inside them. In the large capacitors there are 20 layers of perforated sheet (Baumann said). One just cannot see inside!

> and there is a crystal diode somewhere?

Yes, it's probably the object at the top. Baumann mentioned that also. On the original model it seemedto me to consistonly of a roughcoil aroundonecentralstraightwire, with atotal of 4 leads.With the 50-cm apparatusI tried my bestbut could only makeout 2 supply wires, so thestructure was not very clear, maybe also a rough spiral around something (tube from perforated sheet?); perhapstherewasalsoa tubearoundeverything(my memoryhasfaded),but I could not detecta crystal. I rememberthat it washardto seeinside.Regardingvisibility in general,I noticedthata thin layer(which might bea lead)between two plexiglass plates is hardly noticeable at all, because of the total light reflection.

MfG Hans Holzherr

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fonte:www.padrak.com/ine/INE1.html

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The Acoustic Function of a Reich CloudbusterBy Chuck Henderson - 11/28/99

Note : this is a work in progress, please address questions, comments or suggestions to Chuck,thanks!

For more than twenty-five years I have studied and researched the work and legacy of Dr. WilhelmReich. While most who are familiar with his work tend to utilize his discoveries in the fields ofeither mental or physical health, I have chosen to study the applications of Reich's discoveries in thearea of physics, or what Reich termed as: "Orgone Bio-Physics".

Whether you call it Orgone Energy, as Reich did, or Aether, Odic Force, Chi (Ki), etc., the factremains that this primordial life energy does exist. It can be and has been measured, captured,manipulated, concentrated, and redirected by Reich as well as many others over the years.

With the invention of the Cloudbuster, Reich had a tool that would enable him to massage astagnant, what he termed "DORish" atmosphere (DOR = Destructive ORgone), into a vibrant,healthy atmosphere by reinstating the normal rain cycle in areas that were suffering from droughtconditions.

The question that constantly plagued me was, HOW? How did this very simple device induce anenergetic flow without some sort of complex mechanism?

I must admit that, for a while, my research seemed to have hit a deadend. I needed a new, moreunconventional approach to help me find the missing pieces of the puzzle. In the early 1980's, withthe advent of Vanguard Sciences and then KeelyNet, I began finding several of those missingpieces as what some would call "synchronicity" came into play.

My exposure to the works of Keely, Tesla, Rife, and many others helped me to look at my questionsfrom other points of view. While it should not come as a complete surprise, this will not be anarticle detailing all of the construction or operating techniques for Reich's Cloudbuster. Some detailis necessary in order to lay the foundation for my theory, through which, I feel that I can finallyanswer the "How" question with some clarity.

After receiving independent confirmation of what I had long suspected, I feel that it is time to putforward my theory that Dr. Wilhelm Reich's Cloudbuster is an acoustic device operating within arange of frequencies well below human hearing, operating in the Infrasonic or ELF (Extra LowFrequency) range.

In the numerous writings of Reich, there are many indicators pointing to this possibility, beginningwith the observations that lead to the development of the Cloudbuster. Due to a DOR (DeadlyOrgone Energy) emergency at Orgonon (Reich's research facility at Rangeley, Maine) in March of1952, which quickly worsened in April, Reich was forced to recall some nearly forgottenobservations which enabled him to disperse the oppressive DOR concentrations that weresmothering his facility and the surrounding area.

Reich writes:

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"Far back in 1940, when the atmospheric OR energy had been seen for the first time atMooselookmeguntic Lake in the Rangeley region through long metal pipes, casualpointing of some pipes at the surface of the lake seemed to affect the movement of thewaves.

This appeared quite incredible at that early period of OR research; the matter wasabandoned and soon forgotten. However, the incredible effect of the metal pipes uponthe energy motion such as waves, seemed to have lingered on in my mind over all thesedozen years" - (1)

The length of pipe picks up a specific acoustic wavelength or frequency, determined by the overalllength and inside diameter of the pipe, and then by filtering out other frequencies, boosts oramplifies the pressure of the acoustic wave emmanating from the opposite end of the pipe. Reichcontinues:

"When the suffering from the DOR became unbearable at Orgonon late in April, a fewmetal pipes, 9 to 12 feet long and 1 1/2 inch in diameter, were directed toward the blackDOR concentrations overhead, and connected through BX cables to a deep well." - (2)

This is a key bit of information as it provides us with the ability to calculate the Base frequenciesthat Reich used to develop and operate his Cloudbuster. Let's say he started with four pipes:

9 ft X 1 1/4 in. I.D. (1 1/2 in. O.D.) = ___?___ Hz

10 ft X 1 1/4 in. I.D. (1 1/2 in. O.D.) = ___?___ Hz

11 ft X 1 1/4 in. I.D. (1 1/2 in. O.D.) = ___?___ Hz

12 ft X 1 1/4 in. I.D. (1 1/2 in. O.D.) = ___?___ Hz

By using the formulas that are used in calculating the sounds generated by the individual pipes of apipe organ, it is possible to calculate the corresponding frequency for each length of pipe that Reichused in his initial experiment.

This also provides the basis for the calculation of the frequencies and harmonics involved in theoperation of a full-blown Cloudbuster as developed by Reich in the fall of 1952. Again, Reichcontinues:

"The effect was instantaneous: The black DOR-clouds began to shrink. And when thepipes were pointed against the OR energy flow, i.e., toward the west, a breeze west toeast would set in after a few minutes "DRAW," as we came to call this operation; freshblue-gray OR energy moved in where the nauseating DOR-clouds had been a shortwhile before.

Soon we learned that rain clouds, too, could be influenced, increased and diminished aswell as moved, by operating these pipes in certain well-defined ways." - (3)

The existing photos that I have seen show that the tubes were staggered in length when extended foran OROP (ORgone OPeration utilizinng a Cloudbuster).

This leads me to the conclusion that the Cloudbuster is a tunable acoustic antenna.

Tunable to achieve the desired results, taking into account the specific characteristics of the

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atmosphere at a given location, also taking into consideration the dynamics of the atmosphere as itinteracts with the surrounding terrain. (see Appendix A)

You may be asking yourself, what has caused me to draw these conclusions from Reich's writingsas sited above?

Well, my initial suspicions were caused by the recollection of a simple science project that Iundertook as a teen in the 1960's. Using the plans that I had found in an issue of either "PopularMechanics" or "Popular Science" magazine, I built a very simple (by today's standards) parabolicmicrophone.

As I recall, this scratch-built parabolic microphone was made from several varying lengths ofcopper tubing, a small metal salad bowl, a small (crystal?) microphone like those used for the smallreel to reel type portable tape recorders, and a 6" piece of wooden broom handle.

The copper tubing was cut in lengths ranging from approximately 18" to 2' 6" in length. Eachspecific length corresponded to a specific frequency. The microphone was mounted with some stiffwire approximately 1" below the lip of the metal bowl (at the focal point of the reflected sound) andthe piece of broom handle was attached to the outside of the bowl with a screw to serve as a handle.

With the numerous pieces of tubing bundled together, one end of the bundle having all ends of thetubing flush or even, the even end was then covered with the bowl and the bowl fastened into place.(see appendix A)

Here as you can see by my rough illustration, the parabolic microphone that I built was very simple.The crystal microphone that I used in it's construction was relatively insensitive when compared tothe miniaturized, omni-directional microphones we have available today. But, due to the frequencylimitations established by the specific lengths of the tubing used, effectively filtering out thebackground noise, and the focusing effect of the metal bowl, the microphone was good for a rangeof 200+ yards.

Now, as to the independent confirmation that I mentioned earlier, this came in the form of anational news story that I was compelled to follow-up on. It seems that in 1995, Professor AlBedard of N.O.A.A.'s Environmental Research Lab discovered that tornadoes have an acousticsignature.

A signature that can consist of several separate frequencies as well as their related harmonics, all inthe sub-audible range below 20 Hz. There is a direct link to the size and intensity of a tornado andthe sounds it emits.

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It has also been discovered that that a powerful tornado may contain within it, as many as sixsmaller tornadoes. Professor Bedard and his associates are working on a system to detect tornadoesthat would provide up to 30 minutes warning to all those who find themselves in a tornado's path.

Professor Bedard is no stranger to the inner workings of tornadoes. He created "TOTO" (the"TOtable Tornado Observatory"), in 1982 to study live tornadoes. TOTO is able to measure thetemperature, velocity, atmospheric pressure, and electricity of a tornado. The device called"Dorothy" in the movie "Twister" bears a striking resemblance to Bedard's TOTO.

In the movie, the fictional Dorothy releases hundreds of little sensor-filled spheres, whereasBedard's instrument package - TOTO, stays on the ground.

I believe that Bedard's discovery of an acoustic signature for any given tornado, combined with aCloudbuster functioning as a tunable acoustic antenna, ties directly into Reich's second rule of his"Rules to Follow in Cloud Engineering" where Reich states:

"Never play around with rain making or cloudbusting. The OR envelope which youtackle while "drawing" energy from the atmosphere is an energetic continuum of highpower. You may cause twisters.".....(4) (( Emphasis Mine ))

Even as I write this I have to ponder: WHY?!

There is no physical mechanism to induce an energetic flow other than acoustic. What aspect of aCloudbuster allows it to attract and concentrate OR (ORgone energy) more than say, a body ofwater, given that water attracts and holds OR?

Again, I must say acoustics - tunable acoustics.

For a moment, let us look at Trevor Constable's "Weather Guns". Constable developed thesedevices after years of experimentation with Reich's Cloudbuster design. Constable's "WeatherGuns" do not require grounding in water as Reich's Cloudbuster does, but it is required that they bein motion and in pairs to operate optimally (Please do not confuse his "Weather Guns" with his"Spiders").

Constable's Weather Guns must be paired to achieve the desired harmonic to create the desiredeffect.

Individually, a single Weather Gun produces only 1/2 the wavelength (or 1/2 an Octave) and mustbe paired to produce the full wavelength (or full Octave) that a single tube from a ReichCloudbuster can produce. (Again, see Appendix A)

It should also be noted that while both appear to be acoustic devices, both function in differentways. Constable's Weather Guns operate somewhat like a snowplow moving down a road. Theyconcentrate the atmosphere's OR and moisture into a rolling waveform moving along ahead of themoving devices until it reaches a sufficient concentration to precipitate out of the atmosphere in theform of rain.

Then the concentration process will begin again, if the devices remain in motion. Constable's video(available through Borderland Sciences Research Foundation ) showing his ocean-going WeatherGun demonstration through time-lapse photography, is a good example of this principle as hecauses it to rain over and over again ahead of his moving vessel.

While Constable's Weather Guns create a "Push" effect in the atmosphere, Reich's Cloudbuster

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creates an energetic "Draw" (or Pull) in the atmosphere. Reich's CB (CB = Cloudbuster ) draws thebeneficial OR frequencies down to ground level, whereas Constable's WGs (WG = Weather Gun)seem to operate on the energies of the atmosphere at an elevation of from 4,000 to 5,000 feet andabove.

The Earth's atmosphere is as stratified as the ground beneath your feet, so the affects of certainfrequencies manifesting at certain elevations of the atmosphere is not unusual. The ability of Reich'sCB to draw this energy to ground, I believe, is a primary factor in the successful remedy of droughtconditions and long-term desert abatement.

Appendix B

Atmospheric Refraction of Sound due to Cooling

The use of a CB to overcome the atmospheric refraction of sound, the same property that causessound to carry over water and mute over desert sands, is the key to the restoration of the normal raincycle of an area and the regeneration of it's soil.

Reich knew that there was considerably more to ending a drought or eliminating the encroachmentof desertification on a region than simply causing it to rain.

Atmospheric Refraction of Sound due to Heating

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Reich's understanding of these processes is very apparent in Reich's written account of his Tucson,Arizona OROP, contained in his book: "Contact With Space" ( available through the WilhelmReich Museum bookstore ).

The careful observations made of, not only the atmosphere, but the plants, animals, and soil of theregion are the obvious proofs. Observations made over time on all levels from the macroscopic tothe microscopic.

So, where does this discovery leave us? It leaves us on the doorstep of some very interesting andpossibly beneficial devices with their resultant discoveries.

Some of these possibilities are:

� A better tornado detection and tracking system that will provide more advance warning forthe population in a tornado's path.

� Realizing that tornadoes and hurricanes serve an important purpose in nature, it should bepossible to lessen their intensities and guide them away from population centers or stop thebirth of tornadoes from a particular storm.

� It should be possible to better detect the causes of drought and correct them.

� It should be possible to stop the desertification of an area and gradually reverse the processon a permanent basis.

Appendix A

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Sources Cited:

1) Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund. "WILHELM REICH: Selected Writings An Introduction toORGONOMY". Page 438. New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, 1960.

2) IBID, Page 438.

3) IBID, Page 438 & 439.

4) Orgone Institute. "CORE (Cosmic Orgone Engineering)". Vol. VI, No.s 1-4, Page 105.Rangeley, Maine: Orgone Institute, July 1954.

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Additional Sources of Information:

"A College Course In Sound Waves and Acoustics", by Professor M.Y. Colby, New York, N.Y.:Henry Holt and Company, Inc., Feb. 1955.

"Contact With Space", by Wilhelm Reich, M.D., New York, N.Y.: Core Pilot Press, 1957.

"The Cosmic Pulse of Life", by Trevor James Constable, Santa Ana, CA.: Merlin Press, 1976.

** VIDEO: "Ether Weather Engineering on the High Seas", by Trevor James Constable, availablethrough Borderland Sciences Research Foundation.

Other sites for Reich and Orgone related information

P.O.R.E. - arguably the best Orgone site

Arguments against Cloudbuster useWhy Orgone at KeelyNet?Toxic Response to Carlinsky

How far does a Cloudbuster draw?

Pictures of a Cloudbuster

Jim's page on Trevor Constables Cloudbuster

Photos of Reich Orgone Museum

Pictures of Reich & Constable

Short article on Reich

Thermodynamics & Free Energy

The STRAIGHT DOPE column on Reich

Reich & the Accumulator

EXCELLENT URLs for Reich

Another good URL page for Orgone

For Grins! Contents of the Raiders of the Lost Ark warehouse

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The Mini-Romag Generator

Design and Drawings by Jean-Louis NaudinCourtesy of Kevin O. from "Magnetic Energy"

created on 03-19-99 - JLN Labs - last update on 11-15-99

fonte:http://www.jlnlabs.org

The Mini Romag generator from Magnetic Energy uses the principle of moving magnetic flow named"the magnetic current" for generating electrical power. According to Magnetic Energy this generator isable to produce 3.5 volts, 7A DC ( about 24 Watts ) of free electricity while its generate sufficient powerto sustain itself...

This generator need to be started by an external motor during about 42 seconds at 2100 RPM. After thischarging process, when the energy flow is established in the Romag generator, the motor can be removedand free electrical energy can be used.

This Romag generator is a new revolutionary concept which generates electrical energy without usingthe first flow of current generated by magnetism, it uses only the untapped natural ressource of themagnetism...

The original hand sketch and all details can be found on the Magnetic Energy web site

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HOW THE UNIT WORKS :

The here disclosed 3½ volt, 7 amperage magnet motor/generator must be charged up by driving the mainshaft at 2100 RPM for 42 seconds. This charging process manifests as magnetic energy within the sixcoils of copper wire, the copper tube supporting these coils and the copper coated steel wires wrappedaround the magnets. This charging is accomplished while the six coil connection wires, Part #22, aremaking contact and setting up their alternating magnetic poles. After the 42 second charging time one ofthese coil connection wires must be opened and this circuit again completed through an energy draw atwhat could be called 7 amps. See load Part #23. As current is drawn from the six coils, this draw sets upmagnetic poles which are a response between the rotor magnets and the coils. This response then causesthe main shaft to be rotated by the 12 permanent magnets as they attract and build a release field. Thenthe driver unit (hand crank) is disconnected allowing the unit to rotate with the load being the activatingdriving force.

The fields of the magnets must be maintained during their spin movement. These magnetic fields whichare encapsulated are achieved by the wiring system. The attract/release of the magnets is a function ofseveral factors. First, the magnets attract field between north and south is completed by taking a crossingpath of attract (top of one row to bottom of next, etc.). This action has the effect of fields blending intofields, and a hold—back attract does not happen. Each time a magnet set passes a coil an interchange oflike energy between the coils around the magnets and the generating coils sets—up neutral polaritieswhich are ‘release fields’ and prevents a hold—back attract.

One important magnetic assembly is the circuitry which allows this interchange of energy. This is arecycling of a stabilized magnetic/electro energy not electro/magnetic because the field of force is not acase of electrical input, an input that created the magnetic energy, but rather a build—up of magneticenergy which caused an energy thrust.

In further defining the workings of this unit it is important to understand that although electrical andmagnetic (energy) work with similar attitudes, the manner in which they work sets—up a differing

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energy effect. One of these effects is that magnetic structures want to share their f1ow, compatible to theUniversal Force, while electrical flow argues, (short circuits, sparks, etc.). Because of this fact theworking responses (within the unit) take place, how they are needed, and when they are needed whichresults in a functioning unit. There is a continuous transmutation process taking place whereby magneticenergy continually generates an energy that manifests a measurable current.

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PARTS LIST AND CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

When building your first unit we suggest using the stated materials.

1) Aluminum Base Plate

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2) Sleave Bearing, 1" long, ½" inside diameter, oil impregnated brass.

3) 4" long by ½" diameter Brass Shaft

4) Brass 2" diameter Rotor, 1—3/4" long

5) Six rotor slots, each 1—3/4" long by .260 deep by 23/32" wide. These slots are spaced exactly 60degrees apart.

6) One slot cut in center of Brass Rotor, 360 degrees around, ¼" wide by 5/16" deep.

7) 12 slots (formed from the six slots as the 360 degree cut is made). Each slot is lined with .010 thickmica insulation.

8) A total of 228 pieces of U—shaped .040 thick copper coated steel wires. Each slot (Part #7) has 19pieces of these wires fitted into the Mica, thus these wires do not contact the Brass rotor. The lead edge ofthese wires is flush with the Rotor’s outer surface and the trail edge protrudes 1/8" above the Rotor’souter diameter.

9) Eleven complete turns of .032 thick copper coated steel wire. These 11 turns or ‘wraps’ accumulate to3/8" wide and the same pattern is placed around all 12 magnets. When placed into the bent wires #8, theyare a snug fit making firm contact.

10) Are 12 pieces of .005" thick mylar insulation inserted into the cores of the wires #9.

11) 12 permanent magnets, insulated with the mylar, to not contact wires # 9. These magnets measure3/4" long, 5/8" wide, 3/8" thick and are made of a special composition and strength. Alnico 4, M—60; 12AL, 28 Ni, 5 Co, bal Fe, Isotropic permanent magnet material cooled in magnetic field, Cast 9100 TS. 450Brin, 2.2 Peak energy product. When inserted in the rotor the outer faces of these 12 magnets are not tobe machined to a radius. The center of these magnets pass the center of the coils with 3/32" clearance.The edges, where the wires are wrapped, pass 1/32" away from the coils. This ‘changing magnet spacing’aids in not only the release cycle but also contributes to rotational movement. (Sharp magnet edges whichare facing the coils are to be sanded to a small smooth radius.)

12) Magnet polarity placement into Rotor.

13) Connection pattern for wires wrapped around magnets. The 12 wire wraps are divided into twosections, upper and lower of six each. There are no connections between these sections. The magneticflow direction between the upper 6 wraps and the lower 6 wraps is attained by the ‘flow direction’ as

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shown in Figure 5. Viewing Figure 6 shows the wires wrapped around the magnet starting at the top‘north’ half and then after 11 complete turns the wire exits at the lower ‘south’ half. As this wire thengoes to the next magnet it arrives at an attract wire which is its ‘north’ side. Thus all wires getinterconnected from south to north magnet half or north to south magnet half. The actual connectionsshould be crimped copper clips not solder with insulation tubing to prevent contact to the Rotor body.

14) A .030 thick copper tube (stiff material) 2" long by 2½" inside diameter.

15) Are six slots cut at the top of tube #14. These slots are 5/8" wide by 1/32" deep spaced at 60 degreesapart.

16) Are six slots cut at the bottom of tube #14. These slots are 5/8" wide by 5/16" deep and in line withthe upper slots #15.

17) Six copper tube mounting points.

18) Acrylic ring to hold Part #14, measuring 3—3/4" O.D., 2¼" I.D., 3/8" thick bolted directly to Part #1.This ring has a .030 wide groove cut ¼"deep to allow the six copper tube mounting points, Part #17, to beinserted.

19) A .002" thick plastic insulation paper to be placed around the inside and outside of Part #14.

20) Are six coils of insulated copper wire, each coil having 72 turns of .014 thick wire. Each coil is woundwith two layers, the bottom layer to completely fill the 5/8" wide slot with 45 turns and the top layer tospan 5/16" wide with 27 turns. To be sure each coil has the exact wire length or 72 turns, a sample lengthwire is wrapped then unwound to serve as a template for six lengths. A suggested coil winding method isto fill a small spool with one length then by holding the copper tube at the lower extension, then start atthe plus wire in Figure 2 and temporarily secure this wire to the outer surface of the tube. Next, place thepre—measured spool of wire inside the tube, wrapping down and around the outside advancingclockwise until the 5/8" slot is filled with 45 turns. Then, return this wire back across the top of the coilfor 15/32" and winding in the same direction again advance clock—wise placing the second layerspanned for 5/16" with 27 turns. This method should have the second layer perfectly centered above thefirst layer. After winding this coil, repeat the process by again filling the small spool with another lengthof pre—measured wire. A very important magnetic response happens as all six coils have their secondlayers spaced as disclosed.

21) This number identifies the top view of the second layer.

22) Connection pattern for six coils. When the unit is driven at start—up (hand crank) for 42 seconds at2100 RPM, all six jumper wires must be together which means the plus wire goes to the minus wireconnected by the start switch. After 42 seconds the load is added to the circuit and the start switch isopened. To double check your connections between the coils, note that the finish wire of coil #1 goes tothe finish wire of coil #2, which is top layer to top layer. This pattern then has start of coil 2 (bottomlayer) going to start of coil 3 (also bottom layer). When the copper tube with the coils is placed aroundthe rotor, the distance from any magnet to any coil must be identical. If it measures different, acrylicholding shapes can be bolted to the aluminum base, protruding upward, and thus push the copper tubein the direction needed to maintain the spacing as stated.

23) Wires to load.

24) Wires to start switch.

25) Rotational direction which is clock—wise when viewing from top down.

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26) Acrylic dome for protection against elements.

27) Coating of clear acrylic to solidify rotor. Do not use standard motor varnish. Pre-heat the rotor andthen dip it into heated liquid acrylic. After removal from dip tank, hand rotate until the acrylic hardens,then balance rotor. For balancing procedure, either add brass weights or remove brass as needed bydrilling small holes into rotor on its heavy side.

28) Insulation tubing on all connections.

29) Shaft for start purposes and speed testing (if desired).

This concludes the parts list for the Mini-Romag.

This simple unit demonstrates profound concepts and has a surprising number of applications.Remember, it must have a load to work, something that attracts magnetic energy. Build this unit andexplore new possibilities with us.

All these informations has been shared freely with courtesy of Magnetic Energy, special thanks to them forsharing their wonderful and advanced technology...

See also :

� The Mini-Romag generator : Towards a possible explanation ? by JL Naudin (updated 04-13-99) � The Theory of Mini-Romag Generator by Dave Squires (updated 04-13-99)

Email : [email protected]

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Fonte:http://www.angelfire.com/ak/egel/kronzen2.html

All Natural homepage

KONZEN PULSE MOTOR UPDATEA previous page on this invention

The newest test-motor is completed and running the best of all the prototypes so far. It is ten times more efficient than the last test motor built, and with more power and speed too.

NEW EVENTS AND PHOTOS:

The revs now are at a smooth 1800 with two permanent magnets installed above (or below on theopposite side) the fixed stator power coil shown here in this photo:

These permanent magnets working as a flux-bridge brought the rpms up from 800 rpm at .7ampscurrent draw when running through a 12V/4a battery to 1800 with only .5 amps current draw on themeter.

This is a very good turn of events for this motor project..over double the speed, four times the power intorque, and actually less current draw too.

The explanation of this power is that the rotor coils are still oscillating their current after being energizedfor a few milliseconds, and will then glide smooth over the permanent magnet flux-bridge.

HORSEPOWER TESTS: Tested on a prony-brake rig with 4 grams drag at one foot from the center of the shaft, the prony brakeheld the motor to 850rpm under this load. These figures calculate to just over one watt output from the shaft.

Calculating the duration of the pulse in this motor to be 10%: the .5 amps meter reading x 12Volts x .10(10%)"cycle-on-time" = .6 watts So it can be easily argued from these simple figures alone that this motor generates a dollar for everysixty cents in just the power of the shaft.

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Here are two pictures of the motor with only one permanent magnet installed per side at 2:30 and 8:30 inthe counter-clockwise rotation. Without the permanent magnets, the motor turned at 800rpm with the same amp draw.

The magnets will only work facing a certain direction otherwise they slow the motor.

More tests will determine how far I can go with this...already it has over doubled the speed of the motorwith no extra current draw.

Here is a close up of the magnetical arrangement of things:>

Below are two pictures of the latest motor with 110V factory wound coils as the "flux-bridge" (now usingpermanent magnets here but soon will also be trying pickup coils behind the permanent magnets)

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Here are two pictures of the newest test motor with the new .022gauge/33ftlength directional "thrust"power coils and also before permanent magnets and/or pickup-coils were installed:

Motor in the energized-colliding-coils position:

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Rotating alnico magnets on back of motor which can determine the exact timing and current draw of themotor shown here:

Electric bearing used in this motor made from roller-blade bearing and 1/4inch I.D. nylon "hat" washer.

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>

Electric bearing taken apart:

Chassis of newest motor taken apart to show construction:

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Experimental "Clamshell" magnetic flux-line pickups

This photo is of an experiment to harness the flux lines just outside the coil as they head south usingpencil leads with lead wires attached to them leading to a diode.

The pattern of th pencil leads is supposed to match up to the exact pattern of flux lines when the coilenergizes.

CIRCUITS

2/11/2000: Here is the basic circuit of the pulse motor.

The magnetic thrusts of the electromagnets are wired to be in collision with one another to create themechanical-rotation power of this motor.

Technical note:

All the electromagnets are of the same impedance and windings, so the "time constants" will match upwhen all electromagnetic coils have their current cut at the same time too.

This means there will be more power immediately AFTER the current is cut; from the kickbacks of allthe coils at once having their current released. The power from the matched-timing kickbacks would beof a S-S power, opposite of the initial N-N power feed.

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Here is the same circuit, but with diodes added that will recirculate the current for better efficiency. Thiscircuit will restrict AC current generation if using pickup coils.

Here are two circuits that will refill a capacitor or battery from the back-pulse of the motor as the motorruns:

A previous page on this invention

email the inventor and author: [email protected] Cheers

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The Gary Magnetic Motor - 04/20/97

** Note, I was only sent two .GIFs of this, so please don't get on mycase if the diagrams don't explain it to your satisfaction..>> Jerry **

This article describes Gary's NEUTRAL ZONE MAGNET MOTOR/GENERATOR Courtesy of our late friend - John Draper

This is a free energy machine that wasdemonstrated.I have talked to peopleknowledgeablein the fieldof magneticsand they do not know of such a neutral zonein the magnetic field of a permanent magnet,and present magnetic theory cannot account for such a phenomena.

This thing definitely needsto be replicated and testedand then perhapsa rewrite would be necessaryforsome aspects of magnetic theory.

Gary received Canadian Patent 10,239 March 13, 1879 for 'Improvement on Magneto Electric Machines'

a patent on his Neutral Zone Magnet Discovery.

This is the text from an article published by: Harper's New Monthly Magazine - March 1879 pages 601-605 GARY'S MAGNETIC MOTOR

With an ordinary horseshoemagnet,a bit of soft iron, and a commonshingle-nail, a practical inventor,who for yearshasbeenpondering over the power lying dormant in the magnet,now demonstratesashisdiscovery a fact of the utmost importance in magnetic science, which has hitherto escaped theobservation of both scientistsand practical electricians, namely, the existenceof a neutral line in themagnetic field -- a line where the polarity of an induced magnet ceases, and beyond which it changes.

With equally simple applianceshe showsthe practical utilization of his discovery in such a way as toproduce a magnetic motor, thus opening up a bewildering prospect of the possibilities before us inrevolutionizing the present methods of motive power through the substitution of a wonderfully cheapand safe agent.

By his achievementMr. Wesley W. Gary has quite upset the theories of magnetic philosophy hithertoprevailing, and lifted magnetism out from among the static forces where sciencehas placed it, to theposition of a dynamic power.

The Gary Magnetic Motor, the result of Mr. Gary's long years of study, is, in a word, a simplecontrivance which furnishes its own power, and will run until worn out by the force of fraction, comingdangerously near to that awful bugbear, perpetual motion.

The old way of looking at magnetism has been to regard it as a force like that of gravitation, theexpenditure of an amount of energy equal to its attraction being required to overcomeit; consequentlyits power could not be availed of.

Accepting this theory, it would be as idle to attempt to make use of the permanent magnet as amotive power as to try to lift one'sself by one'sboot straps. But Mr. Gary, ignoring theories,toiledaway at his experiments with extraordinary patience and perseverance,and at last made thediscovery which seems to necessitate the reconstruction of the accepted philosophy.

To obtain a clear idea of the Gary Magnetic Motor, it is necessaryfirst to comprehendthoroughly theprinciple underlying it -- the existenceof the neutral line and the changein polarity, which Mr. Garydemonstrates by his horseshoe magnet, his bit of soft iron, and his common shingle-nail.

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This is illustrated in Figure 1 (which is NOT provided). The letter A represents a compound magnet; B, apiece of soft iron made fast to a lever with a pivoted joint in the centre, the iron becoming a magnet byinduction when in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet; C, a small nail that drops off when theiron, or induced magnet, is on the neutral line.

By pressing the finger on the lever at D the iron is raised above the neutral line. Now let the nail beapplied to the end of the induced magnet at E; it clings to it, and the point is turned inward toward thepole of the magnet directly below, thus indicating that the induced magnet is of opposite polarity fromthe permanent one.

Now let the iron be gradually lowered toward the magnet; the nail drops off at the neutral line, but itclings again when the iron is lowered below the line, and now its point is turned outward, or away fromthe magnetic pole below.

In this way Mr. Gary proves that the polarity of an induced magnet is changed by passing over theneutral line without coming in contact. In the experiment strips of paper are placed under the soft iron,or induced magnet, as shown in the figure, to prevent contact.

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The neutral line is shownto extend completely around the magnet; and a pieceof soft iron placed uponthis line will entirely cut off the attraction of the magnetfrom any thing beyond.The action of this cutoffis illustrated in Fig. 2.

The letters A and B representthe onea balancedmagnetand the other a stationary magnet.The magnetA is balanced on a joint, and the two magnets are placed with opposite poles facing each other.

The letter C is a pieceof thin or sheetiron, as the casemay be, made fast to a lever with a joint in thecentre, and so adjusted that the iron will moveon the neutral line in front of the polesof the stationarymagnet.

By pressing the finger on the lever at D the iron is raised, thus withdrawing the cut-off so that the magnetA is attracted and drawn upward by the magnetB. Removethe finger, and the cut-off drops betweenthepoles, and, in consequence, the magnet A drops again.

The samemovementof magnetscan be obtained by placing a pieceof iron acrossthe polesof the magnetB after the magnet A has been drawn near to it.

The magnetA will thereupon immediately fall away; but the iron can only be balanced,and the balancenot disturbed, by the action of the magnetsupon eachother when the iron is on the neutral line, and doesnot move nearer or farther away from the magnet B.

It may not be found easyto demonstratetheseprinciples at the first trials. But it shouldbe borne in mindthat it took the inventor himself four years after he had discoveredthe principle to adjust the delicatebalance so as to get a machine which would go.

Now, however,that he hasthought out the entire problem, and frankly tells the world how he hassolvedit, any person at all skillful and patient, and with a little knowledgeof mechanics,may soonsucceedindemonstrating it for himself.

The principle underlying the motor and the method by which a motion is obtained now being explained,let us examine the inventor's working models.

The beam movement is the simplest, and by it, it is claimed, the most power can be obtained from themagnets. This is illustrated in Fig. 3.

The letter A representsa stationary magnet,and B the soft iron, or induced magnet, fastenedto a leverwith a joint in the centre, and so balanced that the stationary magnet will not quite draw it over theneutral line.

The letter C represents a beam constructed of double magnet, clamped together in the centre andbalanced on a joint. One end is set opposite the stationary magnet, with like poles facing each other.

The beam is so balanced that when the soft iron B on the magnet A is below the neutral line, it (the beam)is repelled down to the lower dotted line indicated by the letter D. The beamstrikes the lever E with thepin F attached,and drives it (the Lever) against the pin G, which is attached to the soft iron B, which isthus driven above the neutral line, where its polarity changes.

The soft iron now attracts the beam magnet C to the upper dotted line, whereupon it (the soft iron) isagain drawn down over the neutral line, and its polarity again changing, the beam magnet C is againrepelled to the lower line, continuing so to move until it is stopped or worn out.

This simply illustrates the beam movement.To gain a large amount of power the inventor would placegroups of compound stationary magnets above and below the beam at each side, and the soft iron

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induced magnets,in this casefour in number, connectedby rods passingdown betweenthe polesof thestationary magnets.

A "Pittman" connecting the beam with a fly-wheel to change the reciprocating into a rotary motionwould be the means of transmitting the power. With magnets of great size an enormous power, he claims,could be obtained in this way.

One of the daintiest and prettiest of Mr. Gary's modelsis that illustrating the action of a rotary motor.There is a peculiar fascination in watching the action of this neat little contrivance.

It is shown in Fig. 4. (sorry, I don't have all the figures mentioned...>>>Jerry/KeelyNet) The letter Arepresentsan upright magnethung on a perpendicular shaft; B, the horizontal magnets;C, the soft ironwhich is fastenedto the lever D; E, the pivoted joint on which lever is balanced;and F, the thumb-screwfor adjusting the movement of the soft iron.

This soft iron is so balancedthat as the north pole of the upright magnet A swingsaround oppositeandabove the south pole of the horizontal magnets B, it drops below the neutral line and changes its polarity.

As the magnetA turns around until its north pole is oppositeand abovethe north pole of the magnetsB,the soft iron is drawn upward and over the neutral line, so that its polarity is changed again. At this pointthe polarity in the soft iron C is like that of the permanent magnets A and B.

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To start the engine the magnet A is turned around to the last-named position, the poles opposite likepoles of the magnets B; then one pole of the magnet A is pushed a little forward and over the soft iron.

This rotary magnet is repelled by the magnetsB, and also by the soft iron; it turns around until theunlike polesof the permanent magnetsbecomeopposite; as they attract eachother the soft iron dropsbelow the neutral line, the polarity changesand becomesoppositeto that of the magnetsB and like thatof the magnetA; the momentum gainedcarries the pole of A a little forward of B and over the soft iron,which, now being of like polarity, repels it around to the starting-point, completing the revolution.

The magnetsA and B now compound or unit their forces,and the soft iron is again drawn up over theneutral line; its polarity is changed,and another revolution is madewithout any other force applied thanthe force of the magnets.The motion will continue until someoutside force is applied to stop it, or untilthe machine is worn out.

The result is the sameas would be obtained were the magnetsB removed and the soft iron coiled withwire, and battery force applied sufficient to give it the samepower that it getsfrom the magnetsB, and acurrent-changer applied to change the polarity.

The power required to work the current-changer in this casewould be in excessof the power demandedto move the soft iron over the neutral line, sinceno power is required from the revolving magnet underthesecircumstances,it being moved by the magnets compounding when like poles are opposite eachother, three magnets thus attracting the iron.

When oppositepolesare near together, they attract eachother and let the iron drop below the line. Thesoft iron, with its lever, is finely balancedat the joint, and hassmall springs applied and adjusted soastobalance it against the power of the magnets.In this working model the soft iron vibrates less than afiftieth of an inch.

This rotary motion is intended for usein small engineswhere light power is required, suchaspropellingsewing-machines, for dental work, show windows, etc..

When WesleyGary was a boy of nine years, the electric telegraph was in its infancy and the marvel ofthe day; and his father, who wasa clergyman in Cortland County, New York, usedto take up matters ofgeneral interest and make them the subject of an occasionallecture, among other things, giving muchattention to the explanation of this new invention.

To illustrate his remarks on the subject he employedan electro-magneticmachine.This and his father'stalk naturally excited the boy's curiosity, and he usedto ponder much on the relations of electricity andmagnetism, until he formed a shadowy idea that somehow they must become a great power in the world.

He never lost his interest in the subject, though his crude experiments were interrupted for a while by thework of his young manhood.When the choiceof a calling was demanded,he at first had a vaguefeelingthat he would like to be an artist.

"But," he says,"my friends would have thought that almost as uselessand impractical as to seekforperpetual motion." At last he went into the woodsa-lumbering, and took contracts to clear large tracts ofwoodland in Western and Central New York, floating the timber down the canals to Troy.

He followed this businessfor several years, when he was forced to abandon it by a serious attack ofinflammatory rheumatism, brought about through exposurein the woods. And this, unfortunate as itmust have seemed at the time, proved the turning-point in his life.

His family physician insisted that he must look for someother meansof livelihood than lumbering. To

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the query, "What shall I do?" it wassuggestedthat he might take to preaching, following in the footstepsof his father, and of a brother who had adopted the profession.

But this he said he could never do: he would do his best to practice, but he couldn't preach. "Inventsomething, then, "said the doctor. "There is no doubt in my mind that your were meant for an inventor."This was really said in all seriousness,and Mr. Gary was at length persuadedthat the doctor knew himbetter than he did himself.

His thoughts naturally recurring to the experiments and the dreams of his youth, he determined todevoteall his energiesto the problem. He felt more and more confident, ashe dwelt on the matter, that agreat force lay imprisoned within the magnet; that sometime it must be unlocked and set to doing theworld's work; that the key was hidden somewhere, and that he might find it as well as some one else.

At Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, Mr. Gary made his first practical demonstration, and allowed hisdiscoveryto beexaminedand the fact published.He had long beensatisfied,from his experiments,that ifhe could devisea "cut-off," the meansof neutralizing the attractive power of a stationary magnet onanother raised aboveit and adjusted on a pivot, unlike polesopposite,and so arrange this cut-off as towork automatically, he could produce motion in a balanced magnet.

To this end he persistently experimented, and it was only about four years ago that he made thediscovery, the key to his problem, which is the basis of his present motor, and upsets our philosophy.

In experimenting one day with a pieceof soft iron upon a magnet he made the discovery of the neutralline and the changeof polarity. At first he gavelittle attention to the discoveryof the changeof polarity,not then recognizing its significance, being absorbed entirely by the possibilities the discovery of theneutral line opened up to him. Here was the point for his cut-off.

For a while he experimentedentirely with batteries, but in September,1874,he succeededin obtaining amovement independent of the battery. This was done on the principle illustrated in Fig. 2.

The balancedmagnet,with oppositepolesto the stationary magnet,wasweightedsothat the poleswouldfall down when not attracted by the stationary magnet.

When it wasattracted up to the stationary magnet,a spring wastouchedby the movement,and thus thelever with the soft iron wasmadeto descendbetweenthe two magnetson the neutral line, and socuttingoff the mutual attraction.

Then the balancedmagnet,respondingto the force of gravitation, descended,and, when down, struck another spring, by meansof which the cut-off was lifted back to its original position, and consequentlytheforce of attraction between the magnets was again brought into play.

In June, the following year, Mr. Gary exhibited this continuous movement to a number of gentlemen,protecting himself by covering the cut-off with copper, so as to disguise the real material used, andprevent any one from robbing him of his discovery.

The publication in the local newspaperof the performance of the little machine, which was copied farand wide, excited much interest. But the inventor was by no means satisfied. He had succeededinsecuring a continuous motion, but not a practical motor.

He had invented a unique plaything, but not a machine that would do man's work. So he made furtherexperiments in one direction and another, using for a long time the battery; and it was not until sometime after he movedto Boston(which wasabout two yearsago) that he was convincedthat the points inthe changeof polarity, with which he wasso little impressedwhen he first hit upon them along with hisdiscovery of the neutral line, were the true ones to work upon.

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Thereafter his progresswasmost rapid, and in a little while he had constructedworking models,not onlyto his own satisfaction, but to that of those experts who had the fairness to give them a critical andthorough examination, clearly demonstrating his ability to securemotion and power, as they had neverbefore been secured, from self-feeding and self-acting machines.

His claim, ashe formally puts it, is this: "I havediscoveredthat a straight pieceof iron placedacrossthepoles of magnet, and near to their end, changesits polarity while in the magnetic field and before itcomes in contact with the magnet, the fact being, however, that actual contact is guarded against.

The conditions are that the thicknessof the iron must be proportioned to the power of the magnet,andthat the neutral line, or line of change in the polarity of the iron, is nearer or more distant from themagnet according to the power of the latter and the thickness of the former.

My whole discovery is based upon this change of polarity in the iron, with or without a battery."

Power can be increased to any extent, or diminished, by the addition or withdrawal of magnets.

Mr. Gary is forty-one yearsold, having beenborn in 1837.During the yearsdevotedto working out hisproblem he has sustainedhimself by the proceedsfrom the sale of a few useful inventions made fromtime to time when he was forced to turn aside from his experiments to raise funds.

From the saleof one theseinventions -- a simple little thing -- he realized something like ten thousanddollars.

The announcementof the invention of the magnetic motor came at a moment when the electric lightexcitementwasat its height. The holders of gasstockswere in a stateof anxiety, and thosewho had givenattention to the study of the principle of the new light expressedthe belief that it wasonly the questionofthe cost of power used to generate the electricity for the light that stood in the way of its generalintroduction and substitution for gas.

A prominent electrician, who was one day examining Mr. Gary's principle, asked if in the changeofpolarity he had obtained electric sparks. He said that he had, and the former then suggestedthat theprinciple be used in the construction of a magneto-electricmachine, and that it might turn out to besuperior to anything then in use.

Acting on this suggestion,Mr. Gary set to work, and within a week had perfected a machine whichapparently proved a marvel of efficiency and simplicity.

In all previous machineselectricity is generatedby revolving a pieceof soft iron in front of the polesof apermanent magnet. But to do this at a rate of speedhigh enough to produce sparks in such rapidsuccessionas to keep up a steady current of electricity suitable for the light, considerable power isrequired.

In Mr. Gary's machine, however, the piece of soft iron, or armature, coiled with wire, has only to bemoved across the neutral line to secure the same result.

Every time it crossesthe line it changesit polarity, and every time the polarity changes,a spark isproduced. The slightest vibration is enough to secure this, and with each vibration two sparks areproduced, just aswith eachrevolution in the other method.An enormousvolume can be securedwith anexpenditure of force so diminutive that a caged squirrel might furnish it.

With the employment of one of the smallest of the magnetic motors, power may be supplied andelectricity generated at no expense beyond the cost of the machine.

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The announcement of the invention of the magnetic motor was naturally received with incredulity,although the recent achievementsin mechanical sciencehad prepared the public for almost anything,and it could not be very much astonished at whatever might come next.

Someadmitted that there might be somethingin it; others shruggedtheir shouldersand said, "Wait andsee;" while the scientific referred all questionersto the laws of magneticscience;and all believersin bookauthority responded, "It can't be so, because the law says it can't."

A few scientists,however, came forward, curious to see,and examined Mr. Gary's models; and whenreports went out of the conversionof two or three of the most eminent among them, interest generallywasawakened,and professorsfrom Harvard and from the MassachusettsInstitute of Technologycalled,examined, and were impressed.

More promptly than the scientists,capitalists moved; and before sciencehad openly acknowledgedthediscoveryand the principle of the invention, men of moneywere after Mr. Gary for the right to usethemotor for various purposes: one wished to use it for clocks, another for sewing-machines,others fordental engines, and son on.

It is asyet too soonto speculateupon what may result from the discovery; but sinceit producespower intwo ways, both directly by magnetsand indirectly by the generation of unlimited electricity, it wouldseemthat it really might becomeavailable in time for all purposesto which electricity might long agohave been devoted except for the great expense involved.

Within one year after the invention of the telephoneit was in practical useall over the world, from theUnited States to Japan.

And it is not incredible that in 1880 one may be holding a magnetic motor in his pocket, running thewatch which requires no winding up, and, seatedin a railway car, be whirling across the continentbehind a locomotive impelled by the same agency.

Also check out the full Gary document with additions, courtesy of Tim Vaughan - 05/02/97.