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ICT-based Creativity and Innovation --oo--oo—
2. What is Innovation?
M.Missikoff Institute of Sciences and Technologies of Cognition
ISTC-CNR, Rome ([email protected])
Institute of Cognitive
Sciences and Technologies
ToC
• Defining what is innovation • What, How, and Who ...
– Innovation targets – Innovation Lifecycle (process) – Innovation actors
• Innovation Modes • Open Innovation characteristics • Morphology of Innovation: Object or Process?
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Innovation is ...
• Enthusiasm
• Energy
• Joy
• Fantasy
• Creativity
But also...
• Concern, awareness, responsibility, concrete results, vale creation, improving life of many ...
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... and also ...
• Collaboration
• Confrontation
• Failing and restarting
• Risk and heartfulness
• ...
Some Definitions of Innovation
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Innovation Def (cont’d)
“Innovation involves creating both new concepts and new competencies and knowledge, and working inside and outside the organization” [to achieve better socio-economic value production] (The Service Innovation Handbook, Lucy Kimbell, BIS-
Publishers)
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The W-W-H of Innovation ...
• WHAT
– What are the targets of an innovation action?
• WHO
– Who are the key players involved? What are their roles and duties?
• HOW
– How should we proceed? How can we organise & manage the Innovation activities?
... and what is the Final OUTCOME? 6
... and the Digital Representation
• WHAT
– Enterprise as a whole, even if we start with focussed innovation (e.g., product or process)
– Digital representation: DB/KB resources
• WHO
– Innovation teams, managers and stakeholders, partners, consultant, and customers, with different roles and duties.
– Digital representation: actors, with their rights and functions
• HOW
– An innovation project is difficult to specify with a workflow
– Digital representation: Objectives, best practices, guidelines, intermediate/final reports, KPIs, ... (and activities?)
and the FINAL OUTCOME is New Knowledge 4 Value
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What can we innovate?
• Considering all the Enterprise Facets
• Product, Process, Service, Organization, Business, Marketing (OECD, Oslo Manual)
• Or ...
BUSSINESSinnovation
STRATEGYinnovation
MARKETINGinnovation
PRODUCTinnovation
SERVICEinnovation
PROCESSinnovation
TECHNOLOGYinnovation
ORGANIZATIONALinnovation
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(BIVEE Project)
WHO: Actors of Open Innovation
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Quadruple Helix Innovation
HOW: Innovation Modes
• push-mode, typically technology-driven, when a new technological solution arrives;
• pull-mode, demand-driven or user-driven or markey driven;
• Endogene, when the innovation stems from within inside of the enterprise (or theecosys);
• Exoogene, when coming from outside, other org, other cultures, disciplines
• co-creation, when more cultures, components contribute. In case from within the Ecosystem.
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Innovation Modes (cont’d)
• Incremental vs Disruptive. Depending on the level of discontinuity and the extent of impact (on the market, on the enterprise, ..)
• Episodical vs Continuous. Depending on the frequency, and the attitude
• Diffused, Social. Depending on the degree of participation
• Closed vs Open. Depending on the degree of sharing and cooperation
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Why Open Innovation?
• Beyond industrial secrets protection: new Intellectual Property Right (IPR) paradigm
• Ideas become today quickly obsolete
• The advantage is no more on the Good Ideas
• Advantage is on quickly transformation of ideas into value (economic, social, env), with:
– Right value proposition for clients
– Right business model
– Change capability and speed of actuation (absorption) 12
Copyright & Copyleft
• Does Copyright make sense anymore?
• Upcoming business models are based on
Continuous Innovation and Speed
• Patent exploitation patterns are deeply changing
TESLA Cars is opening all its patents
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Open Innovation 2.0
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• How can we manage this new scenario?
• What will be the role of ICT?
(Thanks to OISPG & Intel)
Open Innovation 2.0: Key Points
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(th
an
ks t
o O
ISP
G)
Quadruple Helix
(http://www.oi-net.eu/) 17
Open Innovation ... the easy choice?
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Morphology of Innovation
But, in the end, what is innovation?
Innovation as a Process?
Innovation as an Object?
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Innovation as a process
• A loosely structured process
– Not so linear as described & High Risk
– Not always successful: Can be aborted at any stage
– Needs resources (good funds, right people)
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Research
Innovation
Innovation as a process
• Fitzgerald et al. (2010)
1. Discovery
2. Invention
3. Development
4. Product
5. Market
6. Profit.
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Many proposals, with loosely defined steps. e.g.:
• SAP
1. Invent
2. Define
3. Develop
4. Deploy
5. Optimise.
... but detailing the steps is not obvious. Then:
Change Perspective
Innovation as an Object
• Innovation seen as an intangible object: a Knowledge Artefact
• A complex, articulated knowledge structure released at the end of an Innovation Project
• We will refer to it as InnoBoK: Innovation Body of Knowledge
• Innovation Lifecycle as the progressive construction of an InnoBoK (ako Industial Product Lifecycle)
• Such activities requires a solid knowledge base, to rely on.
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Innovation as a Knowledge Artifact
• An open, collaborative platform for building Innovation InnoBoK
• Different teams cooperate in developing the different (but interdependent) InnoBoK Parts / Sections
• New distributed, collaborative solutions for Knowledge management
• Effective in a Full Digital Enterprise
23 Next: 3/6. OpenInnov-Organization
