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Presentation by OPEN CITIES partner Dublin about their approach to making the city attractive and issues arising in the recession
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Gerry Folan, Office for Integration
Migration Citylab – Brussels 26th May 2009
Immigration is relatively recent phenomenon Irish context
Emigration history more familiar Influx of migration has been a key factor of Irelands exceptional economic growth over the last 10 years
Relatively liberal labour market policy.
4m population and an immigrant population of over 10% immigration/integration key policy issue Economic downturn slowdown in new migration
Evidence of increasing outflows of population
Immigration remains a permanent part of our sociocultural landscape.
Integration challenge
The Irish Story
Profile Immigrant population
The Census shows that Dublin City has the highest concentration of non-nationals anywhere in the state, with the figure standing at 15.1 per cent of total population. Of this figure, it is apparent that there is a particular concentration of eastern European migrants, notably from Poland.
Nationality in Dublin City (2006)
IMPACTS
Socio Cultural – Embracing new diversityCitymix over 100 nationalities living in the city
ethnic media
ethnic food
ethnic clubs
ethnic music
cultural festivals and events
emerging markets , restaurants , shops
places of worship
cultural outlook receptive towards
new experience
low levels of racism in the city
Education inner city schools now have majority of non national children demand for additional supports language and special needs supportemergency response to demand for school places for non national children Intercultural strategy for education
Housing sufficient supply and a strong rental market demand for social housing has not been a dominant factor to date changed economic situation demand on social housing will increaseIncreased homelessless among migrantslittle no evidence of ghettoisation
Health increase demand on health services 25% health workers of immigrant origin immigrants make vital contribution to sustaining servicesIntercultural health strategy
SportMajor sporting organisations adopting intercultural strategies
.
Impacts contd:
Politics
Immigrants represent 2.5% people on City electoral register.
There are no elected members from non national background on city council.
Number of central city electoral wards now have majority ethnic population.
Immigrants regardless of status have right to vote in local elections.
Migrant voters initiative project to promote political participation.
New candidates emerging for local elections June 2009
Impacts contd:
No evidence of spatial segregation and there is reasonable spread of ethnic communities throughout the city
Some evidence of clustering and concentration particularly in central area.
Proximity to employment particularly services and construction,transport,adequate supply rental housing, and attraction of centre city living.
Spatial Impacts
Ethnic MinoritiesTotal as Local %
< 5%
5-10%
10-25%
>50%
25-50%
Rathmines
BallsbridgeCrumlin
Clontarf
Ballymun
BeaumontFinglas
Drumcondra
Raheny
Coolock
Kilmainham
Cabra
Ashtown
Glasnevin
Kimmage
Ballyfermot
Terenure
Economic impacts – Pre 2009
Migration has been driven by labour market demand in a period of unprecedented economic growth.
GDP annual 6.7% growth 1997-2005 major contribution by migrant labour
Labour force participation rates were up to 80 per cent for migrants, compared to a national participation rate of 64.5 per cent in 2007.
16 per cent of the total workforce was comprised of non-Irish nationals in 2008 .
Sectors employment concentration migrant labour
Manufacturing 19.4% Wholesale Retail 18.9%
Hotels & Restaurants 37.7% Construction 16%
Hotels & Restaurants 37.7% Financial & Business services 16.1%
Health 14% Public Admin 1.9%
Economic impacts – Post 2009
Sharp Increase in national unemployment – now 10.5%
Construction,retail,hotel and restaurants significant decline
Impact on migrant population increase unemployment
City has largest migrant population in state
Adverse impact social exclusion
International mobility patterns Need to attract new migrants
High value skills
-Over 90 per cent increase in the live register-Over 20 per cent now non nationals
Live Register
Unemployment
-Unemployment up to 7 per cent- Latest estimates from Q1 2009 up to 11.4 per cent back to 1997 levels
Unemployment rates
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
Q32004
Q12005
Q32005
Q12006
Q32006
Q12007
Q32007
Q12008
Q32008
Irish non-Irish Accession
Unemployment rates of immigrants typically exceed those of natives so Ireland no different. But there was an acceleration in the rate of unemployment among immigrants for much of 2008, especially among accession state nationals
(Source ESRI data 2009)
% employment change (annual)
-10.0%
-5.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
Q32005
Q42005
Q12006
Q22006
Q32006
Q42006
Q12007
Q22007
Q32007
Q42007
Q12008
Q22008
Q32008
Q42008
Irish non-Irish
Annual employment growth of immigrants was huge but steep decline in 2008, turning negative in Q4 2008 and exceeding the rate of decline among natives
(Source ESRI data 2009)
“Towards Integration A City Framework” is a strategic initiative of
Dublin City Development Board led by Dublin City
Council to develop a whole city approach to
integration.
“While management of immigration is a matter
for government, integration is a
responsibility which falls on the city and its network of agencies.”
The Vision
“Dublin City is a city of welcome, that creates trust, appreciation and protection for all its people and all its communities. A city that consciously celebrates diversity.”
The Principles
Promotes equality
Prevents racism, exclusion, restriction or preference
Promotes interculturalism, interaction, understanding and integration
Promotes human rights
Prevents poverty
“ Integration is a reciprocal process of adaptation over time between the individual migrant and the host society and is achieved through structural participation, social interaction and cultural competence ”
Integration
definition
Integration Framework
The policy framework outlines the context of migration and
settlement patterns in the city for the first time.
It sets a starting point to encourage all the
partners/stakeholders at city level, in particular public service
providers, to take ownership of integration.
Integration Framework
It consolidates research and information and draws on evolving national policy, European principles on integration and the experience of cities with a migration history.
It identifies key issues on information, services and barriers to progress.
It sets out a policy framework and a template for actions.
The leaders of key state and city organisations come together in City Hall to sign a formal Declaration on Integration for Dublin City.
This Declaration is unique in the Irish context establishing a pact on integration at city level and a strong message of commitment to the immigrant population of the city.
Dublin City Declaration on
Integration
Dublin City Charter
City Council, lead agency for Integration in the city
Promote and support implementation of integration process in partnership with all stakeholders
Establish Annual Integration Dialogue and facilitate and support Integration Forums at area level
Establish a Migrant Forum as a channel of communication on migrant issues at city level.
Promote support development of a City Intercultural Centre as centre of cultural learning and exchange and training resource
Build supports and capacity of ethnic led organisations to ensure full participation in economic social cultural and political life of the city
Integration a core element of business processes and strategic planning.
Commit to UNESCO Charter and European Coalition of Cities against Racism and implementation of 10 point plan
Progress implementation of Traveller Inter Agency Initiatives on employment ,education ,health and delivery of programme of accommodation
Monitor and Review
Leadership
Communication / Interaction / Engagement
Intercultural City / Learning / Exchange
Organisation Services / Change / Adaptation
Traveller Focus
Implementation / Partnership
Representation / Participation
Integration Support / Funding Capacity
City Commitment to Anti-Racism & Discrimination
Monitor / Observation
The Diversity Dividend
“As a capital city we are competing for skills and
knowledge with other cities internationally. Managing our new diversity as an asset for
the city,attracting and retaining migrant population,
fostering a culture of openness in social, economic
and cultural life will add competitive advantage and be one of the key drivers to
achieving a successful city.”
John Tierney, City Manager
Thank you
Gerry FolanOffice for IntegrationDublin City CouncilBlock 4 Floor 1Civic OfficesWood QuayDublin 8
Ph: +353 1 222 3244 or +35386 8150972Email: [email protected]