Centre of Excellence for Low Carbon& Fuel Cell Technologies

Andrew WhittlesProject Development Managerandrew.whittles@cenex.co.uk

Biomethane as a Road Transport Fuel

Introduction to Cenex

Carbon Problem

Air Quality Problem

Biomethane as an Integrated Solution

Environmental and Socio - Economic Benefits

Opportunities – Demonstration, Funding

Summary

Background to Cenex

• UK’s first Centre of Excellence for Low Carbon and Fuel Cell Technologies

• Formed in 2005 to assist BERR to help catalyse innovation in the UK automotive supply chain– Targeting assisting UK motor industry competitiveness

• NOT an R&D Centre of Excellence– Emphasis on exploiting the potential of new technology through

the early market entry phase

• Run Programmes and deliver projects for National Government and Government Agencies

National Air QualityNatural Environment PSA 28

Air free from harmful levels of air pollution  Meet air quality objectives for key air pollutants in the AQS as illustrated by trends in measurements of two of the more important pollutants which affect public health: particles and nitrogen dioxide.

Main sources road transport

‘Secure a healthy natural environment for today and the future’.

Annual average concentration(µg m-3) for NO2 and PM10

Region LAs with Current AQMAs

England 166

London 33

N. Ireland 11

Scotland 12

Wales 8

Region Benz NO2 PM10 SO2

England 1 155 36 9

London - 33 28 -

Northern Ireland - 6 5 1

Scotland - 7 4 1

Wales - 7 1 -

Totals 1 208 74 11

LAs with current AQMAs

LAs with AQMAs by Pollutant

Defra KPIs

Source Apportionment for NO2: 2015

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

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Total Non Transport + Urban Background Local Traffic: CarsLocal Traffic: HGVs Rigid Local Traffic: HGVs ArticLocal Traffic: Buses Local Traffic: LGVsLocal Traffic: Motorbikes & Mopeds Limit Value

BusesHGVs Local Traffic

Background

Euro Emission Standards

Courtesy Iveco

Courtesy Daimler

Courtesy VW

Examples of OEM Gas Vehicles available in UK

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

1 3 8 10 12 15 18 21 24 26 29 32 35 38 40 42 45 50 53 55 60 63 68 71 73 76 79 81 84 87 90 93 96 101 104 107 110 113 116 119 122 125 130 133

Aggregated Well to Wheel Emissions - Concawe

CONCAWE – March 2007

AGGREGATED WELL to WHEELS EMISSIONS

Courtesy Hardstaff

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

2005/ 0

6200

6/ 07

2007/ 0

8200

8/ 09

2009/ 1

0201

0/ 11

2011/ 1

2201

2/ 13

2013/ 1

4201

4/ 15

2015/ 1

6201

6/ 17

2017/ 1

8201

8/ 19

2019/ 2

0

Tonn

es o

f bio

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able

was

te to

land

fill (

000'

s)

BMW to landfill

BMW permitted to landfill

London’s Landfill Challenge

24,80235,44553,21435,515Greenwich Council

259,740371,200557,297850,010Greater Manchester WDA

131,386187,766281,901386,319Essex County Council

102,103145,918219,073298,406Hertfordshire CC

70,465100,703151,189246,603Leeds City Council202020132010Base Year

BMW - Tonnes

Final LATS Allocations

buybuybuybuybuyUsesurplus

Bank /sell

Bank /Sell /Buy

(39,191)(35,010)(26,193)(19,089)(23,567)(6,010)6,260Shortfall/excess in LATS

135,574135,713143,724153,449174,756185,823197,407BMW Landfilled

96,383100,703117,531134,360151,189179,813203,667LATS Allowances

2013/142012/132011/122010/112009/102008/092007/08

LATS Projection Prior to Long-Term Residual Waste Treatment Solution

LEEDS:

Assumes implementation of recycling strategy to meet 50% target by 2020

Leeds CC landfilled 77% of domestic waste collected in 2006/07

Socio – Economic Benefits

- Fully Allocated Costs of Surface Transport

- Economic Growth

- Fuel Security

- Fuel Poverty

- Social Responsibility

- Fuel Duty & RTFO

Noise

Water Quality

Fertilizer

There must be something wrong !

London Night-Time Lorry Ban!

Toolkits

Demonstration

- Camden

- Leeds

- Sheffield

- Royal Mail

- Lincolnshire & Norwich

Stornoway

DfT Infrastructure Grant Programme

Buses

Bus Operator Grant - BSOG• Low Carbon Emission Vehicles – LCEV• 30% GHG Emission Improvement over Euro 3• 6p per km additional subsidy• Cannot be achieved by use of biofuel unless it is a BIOGAS

London 2012 Low Carbon Bus Legacy Project

Refreshed Approach

Low Emission Strategies, Schemes & Zones

Economic incentives forEuro 6 and beyond

Defra KPIs

Vehicle Emission Toolkits

‘Encouraging wider adoption of low emission strategies by local authorities and supporting the effective use of associated policies and measures’

www.lowemissionstrategies.org

Cenex EV trials

Courtesy Mitsubishi

Biomethane for Transport Working Group

www.biomethane.org

Summary

- Vehicle emissions are a significant concern to both climatechange and for their effects on morbidity and mortality

- Biomethane as a road transport fuel provides an opportunityto significantly improve emissions cost-effectively

- Current technology is capable of meeting the challenge

- Government thinking is coming in line and regulatory and funding mechanisms are starting to reflect this- Optimism that we can tackle our problems but need to implement strategies and develop tools to inform those strategies

Centre of Excellence for Low Carbon& Fuel Cell Technologies

Andrew Whittlesandrew.whittles@cenex.co.uk

www.cenex.co.uk