REINFORCED BRICKWORKREINFORCED BRICK WORK IS THE ONE IN WHICH THE BRICK MASONRY IS STRENGHTENED BY THE PROVISION OF MILD STEEL BARS, HOOP IRON, EXPANDED MESS.

(RBW)

Group Members :BINDRESH KR.SATYA PRAKASHRAHUL KR.

INTRODUCTION

Reinforced brick masonry (RBM) consists of brick masonry which incorporates steel reinforcement embedded in mortar.

This masonry has greatly increased resistance to forces that produce tensile and shear stresses.

The reinforcement provides additional tensile strength, allowing better use of brick masonry's inherent compressive strength.

The two materials complement each other, resulting in an excellent structural material.

HISTORY

Brick masonry is one of the oldest forms of building construction, and reinforcement has

been used to strengthen masonry since 1813.

SIR MARC ISAMBARD BRUNEL

BORN 25 April , 1769

DIED 12 Dec. 1849

NATIONALITY French

KNOWN FOR Thames Tunnel

REINFORCED BRICK WORK USES

• FIRST CLASS BRICK

CEMENT MORTAR

• REINFORCEMENT

FIRST CLASS BRICK well burnt table moulded brick uniform in colour uniform length and wide sharp well defined edges Smooth surface without having any : Flaws Cracks Stone grits

FIRST CLASS BRICKPROCESS OF MANUFACTURE

Preparation of earth Moulding

drying

Burning

CEMENT MORTAR This term is used to

indicate a paste prepared by adding required quantity of water to a mixture of

matrix like cement adulterant like sand.

The combined effect of the two components of mortar is that the mass is able to bind the bricks or stones firmly.

BINDING MATERIAL

AGGREGATE

CEMENT MORTAR cement mortar uses in R.B.W. has HIGH DENSITY.

it holds reinforced at desired position

cemen:sand ratio :

1 : 3 (MOST COMMON) 1 : 4

BINDING MATERIAL OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) PPC (Portland Pozzuolana Cement) SRC (Sulphate Resisting Portland

Cement) Low Heat Portland

Cement Rapid Hardening Portland

Cement

REINFORCEMENTPRINCIPLES OF REINFORCEMENTS

tension occurs when bending forces act on structural elements such as

beam

cantilevers

steel is excellent in resisting tension and can be incorporated into brickwork as reinforcement

the steel must be located in the masonry where tension is occur- typically at the bottom of a horizontal beam and at the top of a horizontal cantilever.

WROUGHT IRON FLAT BARS

• Two strips of hoop iron are used per header brick

•One hoop iron per stretcher brick

• steel flats may also be used in place of hoop iron

•Its usual to reinforce every sixth course

STEEL MESS steel messes also known as EXMET made from rolled steel plates Its expanded by machine and is known

as expanded EXMET Provided at every third course Available in widths of 65mm, 176mm and 230 to 305mm with thickness of

0.6mm,0.8mm and 1mm. Supplied in coils of 83m length

BRICK ARCHES

SEGMENTAL ARCH : In college canteen

SEMI CIRCULAR ARCH

BRICK SLAB

REIFORCED BRICK BEAM

VERTICAL REINFORCEMENTS

Mild steel bars is provided in brick columns, brick walls and brick retaining walls

sometimes, in such circumstances special bricks, with one or two holes extending upto the face

Brick retaining walls are often reinforced since such a work is cheaper than R.C.C.

EXAMPLE OF VERTICAL

REINFORCEMENT

PIERS

ISOLATED PIERS

ATTACHED PIER

PIERS

COLUMNS

NOMINAL COVER TO REINFORCEMENTS

Exposure Minimum nominal SIZE (mm)

Mild 20

Moderate 30

Severe 45

Very Severe 50

Extreme 75

WATER Clean water to be used in

the preparation of mortar.

The pH of water not less than 6.

Sea water not to be used in R.B.W.

Limits in Mixing Water Sulphates(as SO3)---

400mg/litre Chlorides (as Cl )---500mg/litre

CURING OF R.B.W. the act of maintaining controlled conditions for freshly

brick work for some definite period following the placing and finishing operations to assure the proper hydration of cement and proper hardening of brick work.

Methods of Curing: Retaining formwork Shading of brick work Covering of surfaces with cotton mats Continuous sprinklings of exposed surfaces Ponding method Membrane curing Steam curing Electrical method of curing

Retaining Formwork: useful for curing vertical

surfaces of structural elements

Useful in cold countries Not sufficient for hot

countries because formwork can only preserve the moisture inside the brick work, but cannot prevent evaporation.

SHADING OF R.B.W. Essential in dry weather

objective of shading to prevent the evaporation of water

Also protects the surface from rain

Limited application

Covering Surfaces with wet material:

• most widely used

Continuous sprinklings of exposed surfaces

Ponding method: most efficient method of curing. suitable for construction of arches, roof slabs, lintel etc.

Membrane curing: membrane serves as a physical barrier to prevent loss of moisture from the brick work to be cured

Steam curing: It leads to increase rate of strength development

Electrical method of curing: by passing alternate current of low voltage

ADVANTAGE OF R.B.W. OVER R.C.C. Additional strength imparted to the masonry

Low cost housing

low labor cost

Reinforced brick beams and lintels allow the designer to achieve exposed brick on the underside of these element.

It plays an important role in earthquake more better than R.C.C.

Brick retaining walls are often reinforced since such a work is cheaper than R.C.C

REASONS FOR DETORIATION • Lower unit cement content.

• Presence of high chloride content

• Inadequate cement mortar cover to reinforcements

• Ingress of moisture

• Carbonation of mortar in the neighbourhood of steel

PREVENTION Basic principle of prevention of

corrosion is to maintain passivity of the embedded steel reinforcement by the high alkalinity.

By dipping the bars in hot tar

In case of mess : the metal in the coil form is coated

with oil and deep in asphaltum paint.

EXAMPLES

OFREINFORCED BRICK WORK

name : Laurence Wilfred BakerBorn : 2nd March 1917Died :  1st April 2007Education: Birmingham Institute

of Art and DesignResided in : Trivandrum, Kerala.

The Gandhi of architecture

KNOWN AS BRICK MASTER

LAURENCE WILFRED BAKER’S HOME

HOUSING IN U.S. Single storey building plan

Less affordable housing plan

9-10 storey housing plan

Thank you