Tadeusz PraczykInstitute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute
Poznań, Poland
Praha, 15.06.2011
The focus of the studies
Efficacy of weed control in glyphosate‐resistant maize (NK603) under Polish conditions.
The influence of glyphosate on biodiversity in comparison to standard weed control systems.
TREATMENTSHerbicides Doses
[L/ha]Time of application
[BBCH]
1. Guardian Max 840 EC + Roundup ReadyRoundup Ready
1.5 + 3.03.0
12‐1316‐17
2. Roundup ReadyRoundup Ready
3.03.0
12‐1316‐17
3. Lumax 537,5 SC 4.0 12‐13
4. Mocarz 75 WG Milagro 040 SC
0.2 kg1.5
12‐1316‐17
Roundup Ready (glyphasate)Guardian Max 840 EC (acetochlor )Lumax 437,5 SC (mezotrione + S-metolachlor + terbuthyloazine)Mocarz 75 WG (tritosulfuron + dicamba)Milagro 040 SC (nicosulfuron)
Trial layout
4
401
3
402
2
403
1
404
4
405
3
406
2
407
1
4082
301
1
302
4
303
3
304
2
305
1
306
4
307
3
3083
201
4
202
1
203
2
204
3
205
4
206
1
207
2
2081
101
2
102
3
103
4
104
1
105
2
106
3
107
4
108
Field with crop rotation(NK603 - oats - NK603)
Field with monoculture of NK603(3 yers)
9 m
8 m
4 treatments4 replications
Planting of corn NK603
Corn NK 603 at early growth stage
Number of weeds per 1 m2 (field 1, 9 June, 2009)
Traetments Chenopodiumalbum
Violaarvensis
Polygonumpersicaria
Echinochloacrus galli
Elymus repens
1 16,9 17,7 2,3 9,9 0,3
2 46,9 68,1 29,5 275,1 0
3 1,2 2,4 0 0,2 0
4 40,6 43,4 0,3 310,3 0
Number of weeds per 1 m2 (field 2, 9 June, 2009)
Traetments Chenopodiumalbum
Violaarvensis
Polygonumpersicaria
Echinochloacrus galli
Elymus repens
1 5,1 64,1 0,5 0,1 29,8
2 22,6 106,3 22,1 9,7 23,3
3 0,2 1,5 0,1 0,3 40,9
4 11,4 53,1 0,3 55,1 69,7
Number of weeds per 1 m2 (8 June, 2010)
Traetments Chenopodiumalbum
Violaarvensis
Polygonumconvolvulus
Echinochloacrus galli
Elymus repens
1 2.2 13.4 2.3 2.4 0.7
2 1.9 7.6 1.1 10.7 0.8
3 0 0 0 3.9 5.4
4 0.8 15.3 0.7 43.8 4.1
Guardian Max 840 EC + Roundup Ready 1.5 + 3.0 l/ha(BBCH 12‐13)
Roundup Ready ‐ 3.0 l/ha (BBCH 16‐17)
19th June, 2010
Guardian Max 840 EC + Roundup Ready1.5 + 3.0 l/ha(BBCH 12‐13)
Roundup Ready ‐ 3.0 l/ha (BBCH 16‐17)
12th August, 2010
Guardian Max 840 EC + Roundup Ready 1.5 + 3.0 l/ha(BBCH 12‐13)
Roundup Ready ‐ 3.0 l/ha (BBCH 16‐17)
20th October, 2010
Roundup Ready ‐ 3.0 l/ha (BBCH 12‐13)Roundup Ready ‐ 3.0 l/ha (BBCH 16‐17)
19th June, 2010
Roundup Ready ‐ 3.0 l/ha (BBCH 12‐13)Roundup Ready ‐ 3.0 l/ha (BBCH 16‐17)
12th August, 2010
Lumax 537,5 SC – 4.0 l/ha (BBCH 12‐13)
19th June, 2010
Lumax 537,5 SC – 4,0 l/ha (BBCH 12‐13)
12th August, 2010
Mocarz 75 WG – 0.2 kg/ha (BBCH 12‐13)Milagro 049 SC – 1.5 l/ha(BBCH 16‐17)
19th June, 2010
Mocarz 75 WG – 0.2 kg/ha (BBCH 12‐13)Milagro 049 SC – 1.5 l/ha(BBCH 16‐17)
12th August, 2010
Yield of corn NK603 in 2009
Treatments Dose[L/ha]
Field 1[t/ha]
Field 2[t/ha]
Guardian Max 840 EC + Roundup ReadyRoundup Ready
1.5 + 3.03.0
6,58 7,90
Roundup ReadyRoundup Ready
3.03.0
7,92 7,77
Lumax 537,5 SC 4.0 7,07 7,26
Mocarz 75 WG Milagro 040 SC
0.2 kg1.5
6,67 7,04
LSD(0,05) 2,140 2,116
Yield of corn NK603 in 2010
Treatments Dose[L/ha]
Yieldt/ha
Guardian Max 840 EC + Roundup ReadyRoundup Ready
1.5 + 3.03.0
10.03
Roundup ReadyRoundup Ready
3.03.0
10.74
Lumax 537,5 SC 4.0 9.94
Mocarz 75 WG Milagro 040 SC
0.2 kg1.5
8.71
LSD(0,05) 2.125
Studies on seed bank in soil
Methodology
Taking of soil samples: before corn emergence (May)Number of samples: 4 from each plotDepth of soil sampling: 0-30 cmDiameter of drill: 5 cmVolume of sample: 588.75 cm3
Taking of soil samples
Soil samples in flat pans in glasshouse
Weed species in soil seed bank
Chenopodium album
Viola arvensis
Thlaspi arvense
Papaver rhoeas
Matricaria inodora
Echinochloa crus galli
Number of living seeds per 1000 cm3 of soil in 2009 (field 1)
Treatm. CHEAL VIOAR PAPRH MATIN THLAR CAPBP ECHCG APESV
1 53.3 1.8 0.3 0.3 0 0 98.8 0.3
2 29.5 1.9 0 0 1.8 0.7 30.0 0.3
3 35.6 3.7 1.2 0.8 0 0 29.6 0.1
4 38.9 1.5 0.6 0 6.1 0 76.4 0.3
Number of living seeds per 1000 cm3 of soil in 2009 (field 2)
Treatm. CHEAL VIOAR PAPRH MATIN THLAR CAPBP ECHCG APESV
1 189.9 4.3 2.2 1.4 1.0 0.4 2.2 7.8
2 135.3 9.5 0.9 1.0 5.1 0.9 9.5 6.9
3 131.0 7.4 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.4 4.5 6.1
4 122.4 6.4 0.8 1.4 2.6 1.4 35.3 4.6
Number of living seeds per 1000 cm3 of soil (field without NK603 in 2010)
Treatm. CHEAL VIOAR PAPRH MATIN THLAR VERPE ECHCG APESV
1 11.4 0.5 13.4 0 0 2.1 29.1 0.3
2 13.5 1.1 10.0 0 0 0 19.0 0
3 11.3 0.8 11.8 1.9 0 0.1 34.5 0
4 13.5 2.0 10.9 0 0.3 0.1 18.6 0.1
Number of living seeds per 1000 cm3 of soil (field withNK603 in 2010)
Treatm. CHEAL VIOAR PAPRH MATIN THLAR ECHCG APESV
1 23.0 1,0 79.8 0.4 0 7.9 2.8
2 23.8 1.5 63.6 0 0 9.8 2.3
3 13.8 2.1 75.4 0 0.1 6.0 2.0
4 18.4 2.1 64.9 0.4 0.3 8.9 4.4
ConclusionsExperimental field was infested mainly by following weedspecies: Chenopodium album, Viola arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, Echinochloa crus galli, Elymus repens.Treatments with Roundup Ready and Guardian Max 840 EC + Roundup Ready were very effective against all weed species.Standard herbicide Lumax 537,5 SC applied at BBCH 12‐13 gave similar effect compared to treatments with glyphosate.The system of weed control did not influence yield of maize.In soil samples 8 weed species were found (Papaver rhoeas, Chenopodium album and Echinochloa crus galli were most abundant).
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