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Warm UpWarm UpAnswer the following questions based on Answer the following questions based on the map, Revolutions in Europe, 1848 (p. the map, Revolutions in Europe, 1848 (p.
594):594):a. Which revolution site lies closest to the 40
degrees N latitude line?
b. Which island has the southernmost revolution location?
c. Name two sites of revolution in France.
d. Name the kingdom located in southern Italy.
Essential QuestionEssential Question
How did liberalism How did liberalism impact the revolutions impact the revolutions
of 1848?of 1848?
Reaction Reaction and and
RevolutionRevolution
Old OrderOld Order
After the After the defeat of defeat of Napoleon, Napoleon, European European leaders tried leaders tried to restore the to restore the old orderold order
Congress of ViennaCongress of Vienna
Great Great BritainBritain
AustriaAustria
PrussiaPrussia
RussiaRussia
Congress of ViennaCongress of Vienna
Met in Sept. 1814Met in Sept. 1814
Led by Prince Led by Prince Klemens von Klemens von Metternich Metternich (Austria)(Austria)
Congress of ViennaCongress of Vienna
Principle of Principle of legitimacylegitimacy
Monarchs of royal Monarchs of royal families who families who ruled before ruled before Napoleon would Napoleon would have their have their thrones returnedthrones returned
Congress of ViennaCongress of Vienna
Tried to Tried to balance balance the map the map of Europe of Europe so no one so no one country country became became too too powerfulpowerful
Conservative RuleConservative Rule
Against revolutionsAgainst revolutions
Favored obedience Favored obedience to political rulersto political rulers
Based on tradition Based on tradition and stabilityand stability
Principle of InterventionPrinciple of Intervention
Great powers Great powers had the right to had the right to send armies into send armies into countries where countries where there were there were revolutionsrevolutions
Goal = restore Goal = restore the monarchythe monarchy
Forces for Change in EuropeForces for Change in Europe
LiberalismLiberalism
NationalisNationalismm
LiberalismLiberalism People should be People should be as free from as free from government government restraint as restraint as possiblepossible
Protection of Protection of natural natural rights/civil rights/civil liberties – liberties – guaranteed by a guaranteed by a written documentwritten document
LiberalismLiberalism Favored Favored
government government by a by a constitutionconstitution
Believed only Believed only men who men who owned owned property property should have a should have a right to voteright to vote
NationalismNationalism
Nation = community Nation = community with common with common traditions, traditions, languages, customslanguages, customs
People owe loyalty People owe loyalty to the nation rather to the nation rather than the dynastythan the dynasty
RevolutionsRevolutions
Beginning in Beginning in 1830, 1830, conservative conservative power in power in Europe began Europe began to break downto break down
BelgiumBelgium Broke with Broke with
the Dutch the Dutch RepublicRepublic
Became its Became its own state own state in 1815in 1815
FranceFrance
1848 – monarchy 1848 – monarchy overthrown in overthrown in another another revolutionrevolution
Set up a republicSet up a republic
Universal male Universal male suffrage – all suffrage – all men can votemen can vote
FranceFrance
1848 – first 1848 – first president electedpresident elected
Charles Louis Charles Louis Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte Bonaparte (nephew)(nephew)
German ConfederationGerman Confederation
38 independent 38 independent German statesGerman states
Prussia and Prussia and Austria were the Austria were the strongeststrongest
Austrian EmpireAustrian Empire
Led by a Hapsburg Led by a Hapsburg emperoremperor
Many small Many small revolutions, revolutions, crushed by the crushed by the armyarmy