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rundown of 1830 & 1848 Revolutions
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“When France sneezes all Europe catches a
cold”-Klemens von
Metternich
What is a revolution?
Revolutions of 1830 & 1848
French Revolution 1830 Buildup: After the Congress of Vienna,
France had a constitutional monarchy Royalists thought the king had too little
power Liberals and radicals thought the king had
too much power
Charles X
Charles believed in absolute monarchy, he rejected the constitution and tried to become more powerful
He suspended the legislature, limited voting rights & restricted the press
Revolution! Charles’ actions led to revolution in the
streets Charles fled to England Constitutional monarchy established under
Louis Philippe Middle class prospered under his reign,
most French still could not vote
French Revolution 1848 Causes: Most French still could not vote Louis Philippe’s government was corrupt People wanted French Republic Recession caused unemployment and rise
in bread prices
Revolution! Once again, the French rioted in the streets,
order was restored and the government changed (again)
France became a republic with a constitution
9 million French could now vote Louis Napoleon (Napoleon Bonaparte’s
nephew) became president of France By 1852 Louis Napoleon declared himself
emperor of France
Belgium 1830 Causes: Congress of Vienna had made Netherlands
& Belgium one country Belgians were French-speaking Catholics The Dutch were Dutch-speaking protestants Nationalism: The Belgians wanted their own
country
Revolution! Belgians riot in the streets Belgium becomes an independent state
with a liberal constitution Belgians Win!
Poland 1830 Causes: Poland was divided up between Russia,
Austria & Prussia at the Congress of Vienna
Poles wanted their own country again (Nationalism)
Revolution! Polish students, army officers & landowners
revolted Russian army puts down the rebellion using
brutal force Poles lose
Austria 1848 Causes: Austrian Empire included Hungarians,
Czechs, Slovaks Each of these ethnic groups wanted their
own country (Nationalism)
Revolution! Hungarians and Czechs revolt against the
Austrian Empire, demanding their own countries
Revolts put down by Austrian and Russian troops using brutal force
Hungarians & Czechs lose
Italy 1848 Italians wanted
their own country, one that wasn’t controlled by Austria (Nationalism)
Revolution! Italians revolted against Austrians, the
Pope, declare their own republics Revolt put down by Austrian and French
troops using brutal force Italians lose
Germany 1848 Causes: In the German
states (there was no Germany yet) German students and workers wanted reforms and national unity {one country} (Nationalism).
Revolution! Liberals force king to agree to a constitution King rejects constitution a year later Liberals can’t agree on what type of
government Germany should have Conservatives attack them Germans lose.
1) Why did the French revolt (in 1830)?
2) Why did the Italians revolt?
3) Why did Denmark revolt?
4) Why did Poland revolt?
5) Why did the French revolt (in 1848)?
6) Why did the Germans revolt?
7) Why was there a revolt in the Austrian Empire?
8) Which of these Revolutions was successful?