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THE LOGICO-SEMANTIC RELATION

OF CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN THE ABSTRACT OF FINAL PROJECT

BY ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT STUDENTS

OF MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY IN 2012

By:

FARAH DINA YULIANI

2009-32-049

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATIONFACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2015

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THE LOGICO-SEMANTIC RELATION

OF CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN THE ABSTRACT OF FINAL PROJECT

BY ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT STUDENTS

OF MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY IN 2012

SKRIPSI

Presented to the University of Muria Kudus

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing Sarjana Program

in English Education

By:

FARAH DINA YULIANI

2009-32-049

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATIONFACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2015

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO:

I can if I think I can.

Do not be afraid to walk in the truth and success way.

DEDICATION:

This Skripsi is dedicated to her beloved mother (Almh.

Muyassaroh) and adored father (Rofi‟i), thanks for

letting her experience the kind of love that people

freely die for.

Her lovely sister and nephew (Naila Fitriana and

Ahmad Zidny MZ).

Her beloved advisors (Mr. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd

and Mr. Farid Noor Romadlon, M. Pd) for all advice

which have been given.

Her beloved Mochamad Dwi Purwanto, S. Pd who

always helps, supports and gives motivation to her

Her family in PEKA and all her friends in UMK who

teach her about life and friendship.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, the researcher says thank to Allah SWT, the lord of universe

who has given mercy and blessing. So that the researcher accomplished skripsi

entitle “The Logico-Semantic Relation of Clause Complexes in the Abstract of

Final Project by English Education Department Students of Muria Kudus

University in 2012”.

In this occasion, researcher would like to express gratitude and appreciation

for the valuable given by many persons in completing this skripsi, they are:

1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. as the Dean of Teacher Training and

Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University and as first advisor who

has given a lot of advice during completion this skripsi.

2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd., as the Head Master of English Education

Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus

University.

3. Farid Noor Romadlon, S.Pd., M.Pd., as second advisor who has given a

lot of advice during completion this skripsi too.

4. Her beloved parent, sister, stepbrother, sweet nephew and lovely

perspective husband.

5. Her beloved close friends (Mila, Uyunk, mbak Sri, mbak Nay, mbak

Cuke and Ryanti) and all of friends for their encouragement.

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The researcher hopes this skripsi can give many advantages and knowledge

for the researcher itself and all of the readers. The researcher also demands

apology for any mistakes and happily receive any constructive criticism and

suggestion.

Kudus, April 2015

Farah Dina Yuliani

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ABSTRACT

Yuliani, Farah Dina. 2015. The Logico-Semantic Relation of Clause Complexes in

the Abstract of Final Project by English Education Department

Students of Muria Kudus University in 2012. Skripsi.English

Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty,

Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. (ii)

Farid Noor Romadlon, M.Pd.

Key words: Logico-semantic relation,clause complex, skripsi abstract.

The abstract section is very important thing in the research paper. An

abstract functions as a gate of skripsi. Since abstract section becomes a vital point

in the research paper, it is crucial for students to present point of view about the

representation of skripsi that will be reported in the research paper. While abstract

of the research is an essential fundamental part in the skripsi, students have to

write it in a good way. It is expected to fulfill the good text. It should have logical

connection, and relation between the clause complexes. Therefore, this research is

aimed to analyze logico-semantic relation in the skripsi abstract. From the reasons

above, the researcher is motivated to analyze The Logico-Semantic Relation of

Clause Complexes in the Abstract of Final Project by English Education

Department Students of Muria Kudus University in 2012.

The objectives of this research are to find out which of types and what

are the interpretations of logico-semantic relation used in the skripsi abstract of

English Education Department Students of Muria Kudus University in 2012.

As the design of the research, the researcher used content analysis

qualitative design; whereas the data of the research is Logico-semantic relation

and the data source is abstract skripsi of qualitative and quantitative research of

English Education Department of Muria Kudus University in 2012.The writer

limits this research by only analyzing four abstract skripsi both of qualitative and

quantitative research.

After analyzing the data, the researcher found that both of qualitative and

quantitave skripsi abstract do not used all of types of logico-semantic relation. The

most dominant logico-semantic relation in skripsi abstract equal of qualitative and

quantitative research is elaboration; it means that writer related clauses to be

clause complex used elaboration to give detail information, restatement, comment,

and exemplification of the primary clauses.

Thus, the researcher gives some suggestion; for the lecturers should

explain more the way to construct logico-semantic relation in clause complex and

give more exercise to the students, for the students should pay more attention in

using logico-semantic relation and read more the text, and for the next researcher

should just concern with independent and dependent clause, because logico-

semantic relation just related independent and dependent clause and each other.

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ABSTRAK

Yuliani, Farah Dina. 2015. Logico-semantic Relation dari Clausa Komplek

Skripsi pada abstrak skripsi dari Siswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris

Universitas Muria Kudus pada tahun 2012. Skripsi. Program Study

Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan Ilmu Pendidikan

Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i) Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.

(ii) Farid Noor Romadlon, M.Pd.

Kata- kata kunci: Logico-semantic relation, Komplek Klausa, abstrak skripsi.

Abstrak adalah hal yang sangat penting dalam makalah penelitian.

Abstrak mempunyai fungsi sebagai pintu masuk dari skripsi. Karena abstrak

menjadi titik penting dalam makalah penelitian, sangat penting bagi siswa untuk

memaparkan sudut pandang tentang gambaran dari skripsi yang akan dilaporkan

pada makalah penelitian. Karena abstrak penelitian ini merupakan bagian penting

dalam skripsi, mahasiswa harus menulis dengan cara yang baik. Hal ini

diharapkan dapat memenuhi syarat teks yang baik. Ini harus memiliki koneksi

yang logis, dan hubungan antara clause complex. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini

bertujuan untuk menganalisis logico-semantic relation di abstrak skripsi. Dari

alasan di atas, penulis termotivasi untuk menganalisis Logico-semantic Relation

dalam abstrak skripsi dari siswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Universitas Muria

Kudus.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan

menggambarkan interpretasi logico-semantic relation yang digunakan dalam

Abstrak Skripsi Penelitian Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif yang ditulis oleh siswa

Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Universitas Muria Kudus.

Sebagai desain penelitian, penulis menggunakan desain kualitatif berupa

analisis isi, sedangkan data dari penelitian ini adalah logico-semantic relation dan

sumber data adalah abstrak skripsi penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif Pendidikan

Bahasa Inggris Universitas Muria Kudus. Penulis membatasi penelitian ini dengan

hanya menganalisis empat abstrak skripsi baik pada penelitian kualitatif maupun

kuantitatif.

Setelah menganalisa data, penulis menemukan bahwa qulitatif dan

quantitatif abstrak skripsi tidak menggunakan semua jenis logico-semantic

relation. Yang paling dominan hubungan logico-semantik yang digunakan pada

qulitatif dan quantitatif abstrak skripsi dalam menulis abstrak skripsi adalah

elaboration, hal ini berarti bahwa klausul penulis yang terkait dengan menjadi

clause complex menggunakan elaborasi untuk memberikan informasi detail,

penyajian kembali, komentar dan cantoh dari klausa utama.

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Jadi, peneliti memberikan beberapa saran, dosen harus lebih menjelaskan

bagaimana cara untuk menggunakan logico-semantic relation di kompleks klausa

dan juga memberikan lebih banyak latihan untuk siswa, siswa harus lebih

memperhatikan penggunaan logico-semantic relation dan membaca lebih banyak

teks, dan bagi peneliti selanjutnya, harus fokus pada klausa independen dan

dependen, karena logico-semantic relation hanya menghubungkan antara klausa

independen dan dependen dan sebaliknya.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER …………………………………………………………………… i

LOGO ……………………………………………………………………. ii

TITLE …………………………………………………………………… iii

ADVISORS‟ APPROVAL ………………………………………………. iv

EXAMINERS‟ APPROVAL …………………………………………….. v

MOTTO AND DEDICATION …………………………………………... vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT …………………………………………………. vii

ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………. ix

ABTRAKSI ……………………………………………………………….. x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………… xii

LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………….. xvi

LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………………………….. xvii

LIST OF APPENDICES ………………………………………………… xviii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ……………………………………… 1

1.1. Background of the Research …………………………………… 1

1.2. Statements of the Problem ………………………………….…….. 5

1.3. Objective of the Research ……………………………………… 5

1.4. Significance of the Research ……………………………………… 6

1.5. Scope of the Research …………………………………………. 6

1.6. Operational Definition …………………………………………… 7

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ........................ 8

2.1. Clause .............................................................................................. 8

2.1.1 Independent Clause ......................................................................... 9

2.1.2 Dependent Clause............................................................................ 10

2.2. Clause Complex .............................................................................. 12

2.3. Logico-Semantic Relation ............................................................... 13

2.3.1 Expansion ........................................................................................ 14

2.3.1.1 Elaboration .................................................................................... 15

2.3.1.2 Extension ....................................................................................... 17

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2.3.1.3 Enhancement ................................................................................. 18

2.3.2 Projection ........................................................................................ 19

2.3.2.1 Projection of Locution ................................................................... 20

2.3.2.2 Projection of Ideas ......................................................................... 21

2.4. Skripsi Abstract of English Education Depatment Students of

Muria Kudus University in 2012 .................................................... 22

2.5. Logico-Semantic Relation in Abstract of Skripsi ........................... 22

2.6. Review of Previous Research.......................................................... 23

2.7. Theoretical Framework .................................................................. 25

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .................................................... 26

3.1 Design of the Research.................................................................... 26

3.2 Data and Data Source ...................................................................... 27

3.3 Data Collection................................................................................ 27

3.4 Data Analysis .................................................................................. 28

CHAPTER IV FINDINGS OF RESEARCH ............................................ 33

4.1 Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract of

Qualitative Research of English Education Department Students

of Muria Kudus University ............................................................. 34

4.1.1 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract

of Qualitative Research Written by Student 1................................. 34

4.1.2 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract

of Qualitative Research Written by Student 2................................. 37

4.1.3 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract

of Qualitative Research Written by Student 3................................. 39

4.1.4 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract

of Qualitative Research Written by Student 4................................. 43

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4.2 Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract of

Quantitative Research of English Education Department Students

of Muria Kudus University ............................................................. 45

4.2.1 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract

of Quantitative Research Written by Student A .............................. 46

4.2.2 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract

of Quantitative Research Written by Student B .............................. 49

4.2.3 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract

of Quantitative Research Written by Student C .............................. 52

4.2.4 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi Abstract

of Quantitative Research Written by Student D .............................. 55

4.3 The Summing Up of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in Skripsi

Abstract of English Education Department Students of Muria

Kudus University ............................................................................ 58

4.3.1 The Summing Up of Logico-Semantic Relation in Skripsi

Abstract of Qualitative Research .................................................... 59

4.3.2 The Summing Up of Logico-Semantic Relation in Skripsi

Abstract of Quantitative Research .................................................. 60

4.4 The Interpretations the Used of the Logico-Semantic Relation in

Skripsi Abstract of English Education Department Students of

Muria Kudus University .................................................................. 61

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION ....................................................................... 64

5.1 Types of Logico-Semantic Relation in Skripsi Abstract of

Quantitative and Quantitative Research of English Education

Department Students of Muria Kudus University in 2012. ............ 64

5.1.1 Expansion ........................................................................................ 65

5.1.1.1 Elaboration ................................................................................... 65

5.1.1.2 Extension ...................................................................................... 67

5.1.1.3 Enhancement ................................................................................ 68

5.1.2 Projection ........................................................................................ 70

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5.1.2.1 Projection of Locution.................................................................. 70

5.1.2.2 Projection of Idea ......................................................................... 70

5.2 The Interpretations the Use of the Logico-Semantic Relation in

Abstract Skripsi of Quantitative and Quantitative Research of

English Education Department Students of Muria Kudus

University in 2012. .......................................................................... 72

5.2.1 Skripsi Abstract of Qualitative Research by Student 1 ................... 73

5.2.2 Skripsi Abstract of Qualitative Research by Student 2 ................... 74

5.2.3 Skripsi Abstract of Qualitative Research by Student 3 ................... 75

5.2.4 Skripsi Abstract of Qualitative Research by Student 4 ................... 76

5.2.5 Skripsi Abstract of Quantitative Research by Student A ................ 77

5.2.6 Skripsi Abstract of Quantitative Research by Student B ................ 78

5.2.7 Skripsi Abstract of Quantitative Research by Student C ................ 79

5.2.8 Skripsi Abstract of Quantitative Research by Student D ................ 80

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ......................... 82

6.1 Conclusions ..................................................................................... 82

6.2 Suggestions ..................................................................................... 84

BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................ 86

APPENDICES .............................................................................................. 88

STATEMENT SHEET ................................................................................ 100

CURRICULUM VITAE .............................................................................. 103

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LIST OF TABLES

Table

2.1 Three Types of Relationship .............................................................. 15

2.2 Categories of Extension ..................................................................... 18

3.1 Example of the Analysis of Logico-Semantic Relation ..................... 31

4.1 Types of Logico – Semantic Relation in Abstract

Skripsi of Qualitative Research Written by Student 1 .. .................... 34

4.2 Types of Logico – Semantic Relation in Abstract

Skripsi of Qualitative Research Written by Student 2 .. .................... 37

4.3 Types of Logico – Semantic Relation in Abstract

Skripsi of Qualitative Research Written by Student 3 .. .................... 40

4.4 Types of Logico – Semantic Relation in Abstract

Skripsi of Qualitative Research Written by Student 4 .. .................... 43

4.5 Types of Logico – Semantic Relation in Abstract

Skripsi of Quantitative Research Written by Student A .................... 46

4.6 Types of Logico – Semantic Relation in Abstract

Skripsi of Quantitative Research Written by Student B .................... 49

4.7 Types of Logico – Semantic Relation in Abstract

Skripsi of Quantitative Research Written by Student C .................... 52

4.8 Types of Logico – Semantic Relation in Abstract

Skripsi of Quantitative Research Written by Student D .................... 55

4.9 Summing Up the Data of Logico – Semantic Relation

in Abstract Skripsi of Qualitative Research .................. .................... 59

4.10 Summing Up the Data of Logico – Semantic Relation

in Abstract Skripsi of Quantitative Research ................ .................... 60

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure

2.1 The System of Clause Complex ......................................................... 14

2.2 Types of Logico-Semantic Relation................................................... 25

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix

I. List of The Abstract Skripsi of Qualitative Researches of

English Education Department Students of Muria Kudus

University ............................................................................................. 88

II. List of The Abstract Skripsi of Quantitative Researches

of English Education Department Students of Muria

Kudus University .................................................................................. 89

III. The Abstract Skripsi of Qualitative Researches of

English Education Department Students of Muria Kudus

University in 2012 ................................................................................ 90

IV. The Abstract Skripsi of Quantitative Researches of

English Education Department Students of Muria Kudus

University in 2012 ................................................................................ 95