Nama : Rahma Nilasari Stambuk : 09 777 033
Rahma Nilasari09 777 033
Supervisor: dr. Sri Sikspiriani, Sp. OT
PRIMERY BONE TUMORSReferatChapter IIntroduction
The tumor is an abnormal lump in the body, that can be
neoplastic and non-neoplastic. Neoplastic tumor is a mass or a new
network formed in the body, has a different shape and nature of the
tissue of origin or real.Nomenclature of
tumorsNo.ClassificationExamples1,ClinicsTopographic (organ or
tissue)Mammae tumor, liver tumor, pulmonary tumor, lymph nodes
tumorNature (behavior )Benign tumor of skin and malignant tumor of
mammae2.PathologyHistopathologicalAdenocarcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma,
lipoma, and leiomyosarcomaThe nature of pathologyWell
differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated,
and undifferentiated3.Eponymname of inventorEwing sarcoma, Willms
tumor, Hodgkin diseaseNo. Nature classificaionCell
originExamples1.BenignMesenchymal cells; -omaFibrosit FibromaLipids
LipomaOsteocytes OsteomaChondrocytes ChondromaSmooth muscles
LeiomyomaParenchymal cells: complex nameAdenocortical adenoma,
squamous cell papilloma, cystadenoma. Except benign tumor from
epithelial cell of placenta: Mola hidatidosa2. MalignantMesenchymal
cells:-sarcomaFibrosit FibrosrcomaLipids LiposarcomaChondrocytes
ChondrosarcomaSmooth muscles LeiomyosarcomaParenchymal
cells:-carcinomaAdenocarcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma,
Cystadenocarcinoma. Except: malignant tumor from epithelial cell of
liver: hepatocellular carcinoma Primary bone tumor is a lump due to
abnormal growth of new cells and uncontrolled in the
musculoskeletal system, originating from the elements of the bone
it self and neoplastic, progressive, and the cells never become
mature.Primary bone tumors65,8% benign34,2% malignantFrom 3 people
with benign tumors, one of which is a malignant tumor.Errol Untung
Hutagalung: within a period of 10 years (1995-2004) recorded 455
cases of bone tumor that consists of 327 cases of malignant tumors
of bone (72%) and 128 cases of benign bone tumors (28%).Chapter
IITheoretical BasisA. DefinitionPrimary bone tumor is a lump due to
abnormal growth of new cells and uncontrolled in the
musculoskeletal system, originating from the elements of the bone
it self and neoplastic, progressive, and the cells never become
mature.B. EpidemiologyPrimary bone benignFrequency
(%)Osteoma39,3Osteokondroma32,5Kondroma9,8Other18,4Primary bone
malignancyFrequency (%)Osteosarcoma35,1Chondrosarcoma25,8Ewings
sarcoma16,0Chordoma8,4Malignant fibrous
histiocytoma5,7Angiosarcoma1,4Unspecified1,2Other6,4C. EtiologyThe
exact cause is unknown.Influenced by 3 factors:D.
ClassificationCell originBenignMalignantOsteogenicOsteoid
osteomaOsteosarkoma Osteoblastoma ChondrogenicKondroma
Kondrosarkoma Osteokondroma FibrogenicFibroma desmoplastik
Fibrosarkoma AngiogenicHemangioma Angiosarkoma MyelogenicEwings
tumorMultiple myelomaOther tumorsNeurofibroma Giant Cell
tumorWHOTNM classification:T (primary tumors):Tx : Primary tumors
can not be knownT0 : No evidence of primary tumorT1 : Tumor size is
limitted to the periosteumT2 : Tumor size penetrate to the
periosteumT3 : Tumor into the organ or structure around the boneN
(Regional lymph nodes):Nx : Regional lymph nodes can not be
known
N0 : Not found enlargement of regional lymph nodesN1 : Found
enlargement of regional lymph nodesM (metastases jauh):Mx : Distant
metastases can not be knownM0 : No distant metastases was foundM1:
Distant metastases Found M1a : Metastases of the lung M1b :
Metastases of the other organ
Pattern of bone destruction
Pattern of bone destruction
Pattern of bone destruction
Periosteal Reaction
Periosteal Reaction
Periosteal Reaction
Periosteal Reaction
Periosteal Reaction
Matrix Tumor
Matrix Tumor
Osteoid OsteomaRadiolucent nidus with mineralization and
surrounding sclerosis
OsteoblastomaOsteolytic
OsteosarcomaOsteolytic
3 types:Osteolytic, osteoblastic, and mixed.Codman
trianglesSunburst appearence
ChondromaSingle echocondroma in the proximal phalanx of the
fingerMultiple echocondroma in the proximal phalanx of the index
fingerStippled and ring shaped calcifications of the distal femoral
metaphysis
Osteochondroma
Osteochondroma in the distal femur:cauliflowerChondrosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma in the left hip jointDesmoplastic
FibromaTrabeculation of desmoplastic fibroma in distal femur
Fibrosarcoma
Fibrosarcoma of the radius (irreguler trabeculation)
Hemangioma44
hemangioma in the frontal skull
hemangioma in the thoracal vertebralAngiosarcoma
Lytic areas of destruction, with minimal/ no reactive new bone
formationEwings Sarcoma
Ewings sarcoma in shaft of the femurMultiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma: punched out lesionNeurofibromaGiant Cell
Tumor
Giant cell tumors:Soap buble appearanceE. Clinical
ManifestationsF. DiagnosisNext...TreatmentChapter
IIIConclusionPrimary bone tumor is a lump due to abnormal growth of
new cells and uncontrolled in the musculoskeletal system,
originating from the elements of the bone it self and neoplastic,
progressive, and the cells never become mature.
Bone tumors are relatively rare. The incidence of bone tumors
only 0.2% of all bone tumors exist. Of all primary bone tumors,
65.8% of them are benign and 34.2% were malignantIn the diagnosis
of primary bone tumors required a series of complete and accurate
diagnosis, which consists of history, physical examination, and
investigations (neurological, radiology, laboratory, and biopsy).
The results of direct examination by a physician for proper
diagnose a patient's illness so that appropriate treatment can be
done and adequate.Thank you...
