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Reconstruction of total muon number in KASCADE-Grande. Number of charged particles N ch. Number of muons N m. KASCADE-Grande. Area of 0.5km 2 370m 2 of detector surface Threshold of 5MeV for e/ g + m. KASCADE Array. 192 stations 622m 2 detector surface Threshold 230MeV for m. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Erice, 7th July 2004 Jurriaan van Buren for KASCADE-Grande Collaboration
KASCADE-Grande
•Area of 0.5km2
•370m2 of detector surface
•Threshold of 5MeV for e/+
Number of charged particles Nch
KASCADE Array
• 192 stations• 622m2 detector surface• Threshold 230MeV for
Number of muons N
Erice, 7th July 2004 Jurriaan van Buren for KASCADE-Grande Collaboration
Determine composition with Ne and N
1·1017eV - 2 ·1017eV
Erice, 7th July 2004 Jurriaan van Buren for the KASCADE-Grande Collaboration
KASCADE-Grande reconstruction
• Energy deposit of shower particles in scintillation detector• Additional contribution from the conversion of gamma component and
hadrons• Lateral Energy Correction Function (LECF) gives average energy deposit
per charged lepton • particle densities in detector• Fit of density distribution with Lateral Distribution Functions
• shower core and first estimate of particle numbers Ne, (N)
• arrival times to determine shower direction • combined fit to obtain better results• derive muon number from KASCADE array muon detectors
Erice, 7th July 2004 Jurriaan van Buren for KASCADE-Grande Collaboration
Fiducial area• KASCADE Stations mostly between 275 – 625m• measure
• false reconstructed shower cores at border of Grande Array• definition of fiducial area 600·600m2
r<11m, 11m<r<30m, r>30m
Erice, 7th July 2004 Jurriaan van Buren for KASCADE-Grande Collaboration
Lateral density function for muons
)25.4()(
)5.4(1
2)(
5.42
2 ss
s
r
r
r
r
r
Nr
s
mol
s
molmol
1017eV, p + Fe, 22 °
32
0
2
0
1
02 10
1128.0
)(
ppp
o r
r
r
r
r
r
r
Nr
with r0=430m
NKG-function:
with rmol=590m, s=1.2
Modified Lagutin function:
Erice, 7th July 2004 Jurriaan van Buren for KASCADE-Grande Collaboration
Reconstruction accuracy
MC
MC
N
NNN
• Error of ≈ 30% in region of full efficiency• In radius region of most events error of ≈ 20%
Erice, 7th July 2004 Jurriaan van Buren for KASCADE-Grande Collaboration
Reconstruction accuracy
MC
MC
N
NNN
• Error ≈ 30% in region of full efficiency• In radius region of most events error ≈ 10%