Progressive Movement

1890 -1920

Goals of the Progressives

Social WelfareMoral ImprovementsEconomic ReformFostering Efficiency

Social WelfareYMCAsSalvation ArmyChild Labor (Women)

•Florence Kelly back

Florence Kelley

Fixing the workplace for woman and

children

Moral ImprovementProhibition (Alcohol Outlawed)

• Woman’s Christian Temperance Union

KindergartenPrisons and Asylums Women’s Suffrage

back

Suffrage

Susan B. AnthonyLeaderNAWSA

•National American Woman Association

•Fought for women’s suffrage

The Three Strategies Used The Three Strategies Used To Achieve Women’s To Achieve Women’s

SuffrageSuffrage Lobby state legislatures Lobby state legislatures

to grant women the to grant women the vote. By the early vote. By the early 1900s, women's groups 1900s, women's groups had won the right to had won the right to vote in 12 states. vote in 12 states.

Court cases to test the Court cases to test the 1414thth Amendment. Amendment.

National amendment to National amendment to the US Constitution the US Constitution (19(19thth))

Economic ReformEugene V. Debs

•Socialist•Ran for president in 1912

Muckrakers• Journalists exposing corruptness in

government & business. back

Eugene V. DebsAmerican

Railroad Union Leader

Socialist

Muckrackers

Upton Sinclair Lincoln Steffens

Jacob Riis

Ida Tarbell

Upton SinclairWrote the novel The Jungle about

conditions in the U.S. meat packing industry.

It caused a public uproar. Led to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act in 1906.

EfficiencyMaking the workplace

more efficient.Scientific method

•Scientific Management

•Assembly line [Henry Ford]• Lower working hours

Local GovernmentCommission (Galveston)

•City department expertsCouncil-ManagerMayors - better living

conditions [Robert La Follett]

Robert La Follette

Reform Governor of Wisconsin

“Fighting Bob”Made the

railway industry a major target

State GovernmentsRegulate big business•Out of politics

Limit working hoursLimit child labor

Changing State Government

InitiativeReferendumRecall - let voters remove officials

before the end of their regular term.

Directly elect Senators

Helping WomenWomen CollegesSusan B. AnthonySuffrage [NAWSA]•State Passage, court cases, 19th Amendment

Roosevelt Presidency 1901-1909

Theodore Roosevelt

- Youngest President ever elected (42-years-old)

- Progressive Reformer

Teddy Roosevelt’s “Square Deal”

Trust-bustingFederal interventions with strikes (1902 coal mining strike)

Railroad Regulation

Roosevelt (continued)Meat Inspection Act

•Upton Sinclair The JunglePure Food & Drug ActConservationBull Moose Party

Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)

Provided for federal inspection of meat products

Forbade the sale of adulterated food products or poisonous patent medicines.

Made sure products were labeled correctly

Conservation Led by Theodore Roosevelt and Giford Pinchot Federal ownership of lands, rather that private

ownership Organized water projects to transform dry wilderness areas into agricultural areas System of National Parks, forests and wildlife preserves

Taft Presidency 1909-13

Taft’s Reforms Fought for the prosecution of trusts (issuing 75 lawsuits)

Supported the 16th and 17th Amendments

Taft Alienates Supporters

Payne-Aldrich Tariff (1909) was too high for most reformers Taft took credit and upset many Republicans. Taft lost the support of antitrust

reformers (who disliked his conservative rhetoric), of big business (which disliked his actions), and of Roosevelt, who felt humiliated by his protégé

Election of 1912

Republicans Split Progressive Party –

Teddy RooseveltTaft raised the tariffs and

the poor were upset. He allowed businesses to

use National Park land

Bull Moose Party

Roosevelt started itHe was upset at Taft, because Taft wasn’t progressive enough.

Civil Rights

• W.E.B Du Bois•Niagara Movement

•NAACP

•Booker T. Washington

NAACPStarted by African-

American and white Reformers in 1909

Sought equality among the races

Wilson Presidency (1913-1921)

Wilson – New Freedom

Clayton Antitrust ActFederal Trade Com.Federal Income TaxFederal Reserve System

Clayton AntitrustProhibited exclusive sales

contractslocal price cutting to freeze out

competitorsrebatesinterlocking directorates in big

corporations back

Federal Trade (Act) Commission

Enforces •anti-trust laws

•consumer protection laws

back

Underwood TariffLowered Tariffs;

therefore… 16th Amendment•Graduated Income Tax•Poor do not pay

back

Federal Reserve Central BankControls •Money supply

•Interest rates to banks

Progressive Amendments

16th Federal Income Tax17th Direct Senatorial Elections

18th Prohibition19th Women Suffrage

The End