Progressives (1900-1917)

• Reasons for movement–Depression of 1890’s–Social unrest

• Movement was a umbrella–Covers much

• Groups–Political

•Urban bosses

•Corporate robber barons

–Goals•Honest government

•Greater democracy•Effective regulation of bus.•Social justice for workers

• Kansas editor–William White

•“A progressive is a populist that has shaved and put on a clean shirt”

• Social ills–Required new response, expand government authority.

• 1892 Populist party platform est.. reforms

• Mugwumps–Fought the spoils system

• Socialist –Left wing of movement

• Muckrakers–Stimulated reform

–T.R. named from Pilgrims Progress

–“A man that could look no way but downwards with a muckrake in his hands”

• Lloyd- Standard Oil• Jacob Ruis- slums• Steffins- corrupt

government• Magazines

–Arena & McClures

• Progressives–Strong on diagnosis weak on remedy

• Cure was enlightened democracy

• Reforms of Democracy–Direct primary

–Initiative & referendum

–Recall

–17th amendment •Proposed 1912 ratify 1913

• Gospel of efficiency–Frederick W. Taylor

•Scientific management

•Government reorganization–Est. lines of authority

• Municipal government–Commission system

•Galveston 1901–City Manager Plan

• Robert M. LaFollette–Curb special interest

• Progressive governors–Charles Hughes, N.Y.

–Hiram Johnson, Cal

• Regulation (controversy)

• Trust Busting

• Muller v. Oregon–Upheld

• Bunting v. Oregon–Both men and women

• Triangle shirtwaist co–Leg to protect worker

• Roosevelt Progressivism–Activist–Sought middle of road–Approached Trusts

• Square Deal–Business controls

• Trust buster–Northern Securities

•Send your man to my man

• U.S. v. Northern Sec–Enforce Sherman Anti-trust

• Swift & co. v U.S.

• 1902 coal Strike–Workers 20% increase

–10 to 9 hrs.

–Talk or I take over

• Elkins Act–Illegal for corp. to give or take rebates

–Bureau of Corp.•No power but could lead to antitrust suits

• Roosevelt overseas

• Taft betrayed–“Sold the square deal down river”

• Kansas 1910–“New Nationalism”

• New Federal reg. Laws & direct democracy

• Wisest conservatism

• Robbert La Follette (Wis) NPRL

• Taft attempted tariff reform–Reforms in industry

–16th Amendment

–17th amendment

• Roosevelt returns

• Taft pushed through by political machine

• Progressive Party conv.–Bull Moose Party

• Democrats–Unable to get nom.

–Compromise Canidate

• Woodrow Wilson–Gov. of New Jersey

• Raised very strict background

• Bosses of New Jersey supported

• 14th ballot nomination• Roosevelt mudslinging

• Wilson unlikely President–New Nationalism

•Achieve social justice

–New Freedom•Restore competition

–Socialist (900,000 votes)

• Tariffs–special session

–Underwood - Simmons

• Federal Reserve Act–1913 = 12 regions

–decentralized money supply

• Anti Trust Laws–Fed. Trade commission

–Clayton anti-trust act

• social Justice–women sufferage

–child labor

• Whites only progressive–KKK

–segregation

• 1914–resurgence of progressive

–fed. Farm loan act

• Farm demands

• labor reforms

• child labor–Keating -Owen CLA

• Limits of Progressive