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INVESTIGATION OF BIO-FLOCULLANT AS RENEWABLE DEWATERING AIDNAME
: AYSHA RALLIYA MOHD ARIFFMATRIC: 1026770SUPERVISOR : DR. MOHAMMED
SAEDIINTRODUCTIONDewateringmeans to remove water from the sludgeto
reduce the sludge volume and produce a sludge that can be easily
handled for further processing
Problem StatementEfficient municipal waste water treatment
produces vast amounts of sludge.Sludges arising from wastewater
treatment works are difficult to dewater and require conditioning,
which normally involves the addition of chemical
conditioner.Commonly used chemicals in dewatering includes
synthetic organic polyelectrolytes and inorganic chemicals.These
chemicals may be expensive and have negative impacts on sludge
handling and the environment.
ObjectiveTo choose the best screening method of Moringa
Oleifera, i.e; seed extraction, oil extraction and salt
extraction.
Optimization of process parameters e.g : concentration of MO,
contact time, mixing speed
Comparative study of polymer and moringa oleifera as Dewatering
Aids
Advantages of Moringa Oleifera 4-5 times less sludge compared
with alumMO sludge is biodegradableHas antimicrobial effectLow
costProcess doesnt modify the pH of the waterEnvironmental
friendly.
Moringa OleiferaMethodologyKaolin
conditioningAnalysisMETHODOLOGYPreparation of model sludge
(Bentonite, Kaolin)Collection of Moringa OleiferaPreparation of
coagulantPowder form: 10g dry seed powder dissolve in 1 L distilled
water centrifuge at 6000rpm for 10mins. Salt extraction ( 1 M
NaCl): 10g dry seed powder added to 1L of 1 M NaCl centrifuge at
6000rpm for 10 mins.Oil extraction: 10g oil extracted cake dissolve
in 1 L distilled water centrifuge at 6000rpm for 10 mins.Select the
best seed preparation based on settling velocitySludge conditioning
( jar test) : The Moringa oleifera stock solution is added to the
500 ml beakers having sludge volumes of 200mL in varying dosages
(2000 to 6000mg/l).
Rapid mixing and slow mixingAnalysis: Settling velocity,
moisture cake , Sludge Volume Index (SVI)OptimizationMO extract
concentrationMixing speedContact timeThe best seed preparation with
the best condition for sludge conditioning will be choosen to
compare with the chemical conditioner Polyaluminium Chloride
(PACl)
MORINGA OLEIFERA SEEDMORINGA OLEIFERA DEHUSK
Oil ExtractorVacuum PumpResultScreening processing methods of
Moringa oleifera seedsChoose based on settling velocity, sludge
volume index (SVI) and cake moisture content
SETTLING VELOCITYThe prepared moringa oleifera stock solution
was added into the beaker with kaolin The homogenous mixture was
transferred into a cylinder for sedimentation studiesThe height of
interface was noted in interval of 5 minutes.Settling velocity was
calculatedSLUDGE VOLUME INDEX (SVI)The prepared moringa oleifera
stock solution was added into the beaker with kaolin
The mixed liquor prepared was placed in a cylinder and measuring
of sludge after 30 minutes The well mixed sample was filtered and
the residue remained on the filter is dried to a constant weight at
103 to 105CThe increase in weight of the filter represents the
total suspended solids SVI = (settled volume of sludge,mL/L) (103
mg/g) TSS,mg/L
CAKE MOISTURE CONTENTThe well mixed sample prepared was filtered
via vacuum pumpOnce the water disappeared from the surface, the
cake formed after filtration, a dewatering time of 10 minutes was
allowedCake was removed and dried at 105C. The difference in the
weight of the cake is used to determine the moisture content Before
dry- after dry x 100% Before dryRANGE OF PARAMETERS FOR
OPTIMIZATION
Design Of Experiment
Regression equationY (settling velocity, cm/min) = 0.18590 +
(7.02949E-5)A (1.72727E-4)B +(4.35455E-4 )C + (4.E-7)BC - (1E-7)AC
(6.E-6)CB + (1.03381E-8)A^2 + (1.16364E-5)B^2 + (4.72727E-6)C^2
R-squared = 0.9226
Summary Of Anova
3D Plot
Contour PlotComparison with polyaluminium chlorideFrom the
result based on the settling velocity Moringa oleifera 0.26
cm/minPolyaluminium chloride 0.33cm/minPolyaluminium chloride has
good dewatering characteristic as the best filtration occurs at a
dosage corresponding to best settling rate
Conclusionsalt extraction gave the better values in settling
velocity, sludge volume index and cake moisture content.The optimal
values from the optimization of Moringa oleifera are 3250 mg/L for
seed concentration, 17.5 minutes of contact time and 100 rpm for
mixing speed. But, this experiment cannot achieved the exact
optimal value for the optimization. polyaluminium chloride give
better result than Moringa oleifera based on settling velocity
