MCQ_adults_infection_2[1] (1).docx

8/10/2019 MCQ_adults_infection_2[1] (1).docx

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CONTENTS

TESTS AND CLINICAL CASES FOR 5 th YEARSTUDENS

DISEASES WITH PRIMARY AIRDROPLET

WAY OF TRANSMISSION

Infuenza. ARVI (1-30

A!ute t"n#$%%$t$#. D$&hthe'$a (31- )

In*e!t$"u# +"n"nu!%e"#$# ( 3- ,

en$n "!"!!a% $n*e!t$"n (/0-10)

Le $"ne%%"#$# (103-131

ea#%e# (13)-1 5

DISEASES WITH PRIMARY ALIMENTARYWAY OF TRANSMISSION

T &h"$2 *e e'. 4a'at &h"$2 A an2 (1 -1 3Sa%+"ne%%"#$# (1 -1/)

F""2 &"$#"n$n # (1/3-165

"tu%$#+ (16 -1,)

4#eu2"tu7e'!u%"#$# (1,3-)0

Inte#t$na% e'#$n$"#$# ()05-)1)

E!he'$!h$"#$# ()13-)1

Sh$ e%%"#$# ()1/-)3)

Ch"%e'a ()33-) 3

R"ta $'a% 2$a''hea# () -) ,

V$'a% he&at$t$# ()50-)/1

Ente'" $'a% 2$#ea#e# ()/)-)/3

4"%$"+ e%$t$# ()/ -)63

4'"t"z"a% 2$#ea#e#. A+"e7$a#$# ()6 -),3

a%ant$2$a#$#. La+7%$"#$# (), -300

DISEASES WITH TRANSMISSIVEMECHANISM OF TRANSMITTION

A'7" $'a% en!e&ha%$t# (301-3)0

L$+e-7"''e%$"#$# (3)1-3),

L"u#e-7"'n t &hu#. '$%%8# 2$#ea#e (330-3 )

a%a'$a (3 3-3 1

9e%+$nthe# (3 )-3 6

INFECTIOUS DISEASES WITHINOCULATION AND PARENTERALMECHANISM OF TRANSMISSION

9IV-$n*e!t$"n an2 AIDS (3 ,-3/6

Ra7$e# (3/,-3,)

Tetanu# (3,3- 05

E' #$&e%a# ( 0 - 1)

Le&t"#&'"#$# ( 13-

DISEASES WITH MULTIPLE WAYS OFTRANSMITTION

9ae+"''ha $! *e e'# ( 5- 5,

9ae+"''a $! *e e' :$th 'ena% # n2'"+e( 0- /

9e'&e# $'u# $n*e!t$"n ( /5-500

4%a;ue. Tu%a'e+$a (501-51

Ant'a< (51/-5)

'u!e%%"#$# (5)/-53

=-*e e' (53/-5 1

T"


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C%$n$!a% !a#e#

C%$n$!a% ta#># (1-56

S>$n !han e# $n #"+e $n*e!t$"u# 2$#ea#e#

(5,-La7"'at"' +eth"2 "* 2$a n"#t$!# ( 5-106

1)3U' ent #tate# $n $n*e!t$"u# &ath"%" (10,-1

DISEASES WITH PRIMARY AIR-DROPLETWAY OF TRANSMISSION

INFLUENZA. ARVI1. ?hat $# et$"%" $!a% a ent "* $nfuenza@a $'u#7 !h%a+ 2$a! 7a!te'$a2 + !"&%a#+a#e &'"t"z"a.

). ?hat $# the +"#t t &$!a% %"!a%$zat$"n "*&ath"%" $!a% &'"!e## "* $nfuenza@

a na#"&ha' n

a Inte'*e'"n7 A!$!%" $'e! Re+anta2$ne2 Ne" $'ee " $'a &%a!e $n th$#!a#e@

2


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a $n*e!t$"u#-t"


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) . 9$ h *'e;uen! "* #u!h !"+&%$!at$"n "* $nfuenza a# &neu+"n$a $# !"n2$t$"ne2 7 a%%+ent$"ne2 7e%": *a!t"'# e

7 %eu!"&"en$a % +&h"! t"#$# $n!'ea#$n"* ESR

! %eu>"! t"#$# neut'"&h %"#$# h$ h ESR2 %eu!"! t"#$# $n#$ n$B!ant % +&h"! t"#$#

$n!'ea#$n "* ESRe e

#h$*t t" the %e*t +"n"! t"#$# Bn2$n"* &%a#+at$! Tu'>8# !e%%#

! Leu!"&"en$a ane"#$n"&h %$a% +&h"! t"#$# th'"+7"! t"&"en$aESR e%e at$"n

2 Leu!"! t"#$# neut'"&"en$a % +&h" -

+"n"! t"#$# at &$!a% +"n"nu!%ea'!e%%#.

ACUTE TONSILLITIS AND DIPHTHERIA.

31. T" :hat enu# 7e%"n # &ath" en "*2$&hthe'$a@

a Neisseria;b Corynebacteria;c Campilobacteria;d Streptococci;e Staphylococci.

3). ?hat a'e the &'"&e't$e# "* Cl.Diphtheria @

a #&"'e-*"'+$n an2 P'a+-ne at$ e7a!te'$a

7 P'a+-ne at$ e an2 n"n#&"'e-*"'+$n7a!te'$a

! n"n#&"'e-*"'+$n an2 P'a+-&"#$t$ e7a!te'$a

2 P'a+-&"#$t$ e an2 #&"'e-*"'+$n7a!te'$a

33. ?hat $# the #ta7$%$t "* Cl. Diphteria $nen $'"n+ent@

a un#ta7%e7 &""'% #ta7%e! !"n#$2e'a7% #ta7%e

3 . ?hat $# a +a$n #"u'!e "* $n*e!t$"n :$th2$&hthe'$a@

a hea%th 7a!te'$a !a''$e'#7 &at$ent# :$th at &$!a% *"'+# "*

2$#ea#e! &at$ent# :$th t &$!a% *"'+# "*

2$#ea#e2 &at$ent# :$th #e e'e *"'+# "*

2$#ea#e.

35. ?hat a'e the t:" +a$n :a "*t'an#+$##$"n "* 2$&hthe'$a@a K!"nta!t7 Ka$'-2'"&%et! t'an#&%a!ente'2 a%$+enta'e th'"u h the 7$te# "* $n#e!t#.

3 . ?hat $# the t &e "* $++un$t 'e#&"n#ea!;u$'e2 a*te' 2$&hthe'$a@

a a!t$ e ant$7a!te'$a%7 a!t$ e ant$t"


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3/. ?hat $# the +a$n *a!t"' "* the&ath" ene#$# "* 2$&hthe'$a@

a e - V$n!entQ# t"n#$%%$t$#2 + !"t$! a e!t$"n# "* +u!"u# "*

&ha' n$2ne # $# n"'+a% #$ n$B!ant #e'u+ALAT e%e at$"n.

Promise little, but do much.

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MENINGOCOCCAL INFECTION

/0. ?hat $# the +a$n #"u'!e "*+en$n "!"!!a% $n*e!t$"n@

a &at$ent# :$th ene'a%$ze2 *"'+# "*2$#ea#e

7 &at$ent# :$th a +en$n "!"!!a%na#"&ha' n $t$#! !a''$e'# "* +en$n "!"!!$2 !"n a%e#!ent# "* +en$n "!"!!a%

+en$n $t$#/1. ?hat $# the #$te "* ent'an!e *"' the+en$n "!"!!a% $n*e!t$"n@

a na#"&ha' n

e &'e#en!e "* e$n a%%e' $! te#t.

101. ?h$!h # +&t"+# a'e n"t t &$!a% *"'+en$n ea% # n2'"+e@

a #e e'e hea2a!he7 '$ $2$t "* ne!>! "+$t$n2 a e!t$"n "* !'an$a% ne' e#e 2$a''hea.

10). ?h$!h # +&t"+# a'e n"t t &$!a% *"'+en$n ea% # n2'"+e@

a '$ $2$t "* ne!>7 'u2z$n#> 8# # +&t"+! e!hte'e 8# # +&t"+2 e'n$ 8# # +&t"+e Le##a e8# # +&t"+.

Deeds not words.

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LEGIONELLOSIS

103. Le $"ne%%"#$# $# n"t !"nne!te2 :$tha &. pneumophilia;b &. micdadei;c &. lon"beache;

d &. bo$emanii;e &. icterohaemorrha"ica.

10 . ?hat +e2$a a'e u#e2 *"' !u%t$ at$"n "*%e $"ne%%a@A a'Ga a'Le e' a a'Yea#tG!ha'!"a% a a'A#!$te G a a'

$ttGTa'"!!$ a a'.105. The'e a'e the +a$n ant$ en# "*%e $"ne%%a :h$!h &'"2u!e ant$7"2$e# $nhu+an "' an$#+

a #u&e'B!$a% ant$ en7 %$&"&"% #a!ha'$2e! nu!%e$! a!$22 OGant$ ene Cau%e ant$ en.

10 . ?hat a'e the +a$n %"!a%$zat$"n# "*%e $"ne%%a $n en $"'+ent () @

a $nte#t$ne# "* an$+a%#7 :ate' 'e#e' "$'#! #"$%2 hu+an na#"&ha'$nen *'"+&at$ent *"' %a7"'at"' 2$a n"#t$!# "*%e $"ne%%"#$# (3 @

a #&utu+7 7%""2! *e!e#2 #&$na% fu$2e en2"t'a!hea% a#&$'ate.

1)1. ?$t!h te#t *'"+ +ent$"ne2 7e%": 2"e#n"t &'" e %e $"ne%%"#$#@

a !u%tu'$n7 $++une enz +e ana% #$#! #e'"!"n e'#$"n :$th *"%2 $n!'ea#$n

"* ant$7"2$e# t$te'2 t$te' "* ant$7"2$e# 1 "' +"'e $n a

#$n %e #a+&%ee 2ete!t$"n "* %e $"ne%%a ant$ en $n

u'$ne.1)). "#t e e!t$ e an2 !hea& +eth"2 "*2$a n"#t$!# "* %e $"ne%%"#$# $#

a !u%tu'$n7 2ete!t$"n "* ant$ en $n t'a!hea%

a#&$'ate :$th 4CR! 2ete!t$"n "* ant$7"2$e# :$th I9AT2 2ete!t$"n "* ant$ en $n u'$ne :$th

2$'e!t $++un"fu"'e#!ent te#te 2ete!t$"n "* ant$ en $n #&utu+ :$th

2$'e!t $++un"fu"'e#!ent te#t.1)3. ?hat ant$7$"t$!# *'"+ +ent$"ne2 7e%":a'e n"t e e!t$ e *"' t'eat+ent "*%e $"ne%%"#$# () @

a C$&'"f"

130. ?h$!h e&$2e+$"%" $!a% *a!t"' *'"++ent$"ne2 7e%": !an 7e !"nne!te2 :$th%e $"ne%%"#$#

a ha +a>$n7 e

131. ?h$!h ant$7$"t$! $# +"#t e e!t$ e *"'t'eat+ent "* %e $"ne%%"#$#@a O


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Hope is the good breakfast, but abad supper.

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MEASLES

13). ?hat $# the eth$"%" $!a% a ent "* the+ea#%e#@

a Candida'b (usospirilles'

c My ovirus;d )ic**etsia.e Bacillus.

133. I# the !au#at$ e a ent "* +ea#%e#&ath" en$! *"' +"n>e #@

a e#7 n".

13 . ?h" $# the 'e#e' "$' "* +ea#%e#$n*e!t$"n@

a +"n>e #7 hu+an#! !att%e2 '"2ent#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

135. ?hat $# the '"ute "* t'an#+$##$"n "* +ea#%e#@

a a%$+enta'7 a$'-2'"&%et! !"nta!t :$th '"2ent e

0., .13/. 4"#t-$n*e!t$ e $++un$t a*te' +ea#%e#$#

a #tea2 %$*e - %"n7 #tea2 2u'$n "ne ea'! a7#ent.

136. ?hat $# the &"'ta% "* ent' *"' a ent "* +ea#%e#@

a #>$n7 +u!"u# +e+7'ane "* the u&&e'

'e#&$'at"' t'a!t an2 &"##$7% the!"nJun!t$ a

! t"n#$%#2 a#t'"$nte#t$na% t'a!te a%% +ent$"ne2.

13,. ?hat $# the +"#t #e e'e !"+&%$!at$"n"* +ea#%e#@

a &neu+"n$a7 an 'en"u# #t"+at$t$#! en!e&ha%$t$#2 7'"n!h$t$#e &u'u%ent "t$t$#.

1 0. ?he'e a'e the &'$n!$&a% &ath"%" $!a%!han e# "* +ea#%e# %"!a%$ze2@

a %$ e'

7 !a'2$" a#!u%a' # #te+! na#"&ha' n< 'e#&$'at"' t'a!t an2

#>$n2 a#t'"$nte#t$na% t'a!te a%% +ent$"ne2.

1 1. ?hat a'e the e%#> -F$%at" - "&%$>#&"t#@

a 'a#h "n #>$n

7 #&"t# #!atte'e2 " e' +u!"u#+e+7'ane "* a +"uth $n the $n$t$a%#ta e "* +ea#%e#

! 'a#h "n the !"nJun!t$ a2 a%% +ent$"ne2.

1 ). ?hen 2" the e%#> -F$%at" - "&%$> #&"t#2$#a&&ea'@

a $n B'#t 2a # a*te' $n$t$a% !ata''ha%&e'$"2

7 $n the e'u&t$ e #ta e! 2u'$n !"n a%e#!en!e

1 3. ?hat $# 2u'at$"n "* $n!u7at$"n &e'$"2 "* +ea#%e#@

a *'"+ 1 t" 5 2a #7 *'"+ 10 t" 5 2a #! *'"+ , t" 10 2a #2 *'"+ 10 2a # t" 1 +"nth.e 1 ea'.

1 . ?he'e a'e the B'#t e%e+ent# "* the+ea#%e# 'a#h u#ua%% %"!a%$ze2@

a at the !"nJun!t$ a7 Kat the #>$n "* ne!> 7eh$n2 the

ea'# an2 $n !ente' "* *a!e! at the #>$n "* !he#t2 at the #>$n "* e


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DISEASES WITH PRIMARY ALIMENTARYWAY OF TRANSMISSION

TYPHOID FIVER, PARATYPHOID A AND B1 . 4ath" en# "* t &h"$2 an2 &a'at &h"$2#A an2 7e%"n t" the enu#

a Shi"ella;b Salmonella;c Escherichia;d Klebsiella;e Enterobacteria;

1 /. 4ath" en# "* t &h"$2 an2 &a'at &h"$2#A an2 a'e

a P'a+-ne at$ e '"2#7 P'a+-&"#$t$ e '"2#! P'a+-ne at$ e !"!!$2 P'a+-&"#$t$ e !"!!$e A%% +ent$"ne2

1 6. ?h$!h "ne "* *"%%":$n $# the 'e#e' "$'"* t &h"$2 $n*e!t$"n@

a %$ e-#t"!>7 '"2ent#! hu+an#2 :$%2 !a'n$ "'e#e a%% +ent$"ne2

1 ,. The +"#t !"++"n :a "* t'an#+$##$"n"* t &h"$2 $n*e!t$"n &a'at &h"$2# A an2 $#

a !"nta!t th'"u h the $nJu'e2 #>$n7 a$'-2'"&%et

! t'an#+$##$7%e2 #e


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2 2$a''heae *e e'

1 1.?hat $# +"#t t &$!a% e!e%%#

! %eu!"&"en$a ane"#$n"&h %$a% +&h"! t"#$# th'"+7"! t"&"en$aESR e%e at$"n

2 %eu!"! t"#$# neut'"&"en$a% +&h"+"n"! t"#$# at &$!a%+"n"nu!%ea'.

Soon learnt soon forgotten.

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SALMONELLOSIS

1 . The +a$n :a "* t'an#+$##$"n "* #a%+"ne%%"#e#

a a%$+enta'7 th'"u h the u#$n "* un7"$%e2 :ate'! a$'-2'"&%et2 !"nta!te A%% +ent$"ne2.

1 5. The #&e!$+en *'"+ &at$ent :$th%"!a%$ze2 *"'+ "* the #a%+"ne%%"#$# *"'7a!te'$"%" $!a% 2$a n"#t$!# $#

a 7%""27 *e!e#! u'$ne2 7$%ee a%% +ent$"ne2.

1 . ?hat $# the +"#t t &$!a% !%$n$!a%# +&t"+ "* ene'a%$ze2 *"'+# "*#a%+"ne%%"#e#@

a 'e&eate2 "+$t$n7 &"% % +&h"a2en"&ath! e' the+at"u# e


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FOOD POISONINGS

1/3. ?hat $# 2u'at$"n "* the *""2 &"$#"n$n #$n!u7at$"n &e'$"2@

a 1-1) h"u'#7 )-3 2a #! - 2a #2 /-1 2a #e 1)-) h"u'#.

1/ . ?hat !"+&%$!at$"n $# !ha'a!te'$#t$! *"'*""2 &"$#"n$n #@

a $n*e!t$"u#-t"! e2e+a "* the 7'a$n2 &neu+"n$ae a%% +ent$"ne2.

1/5. The $# the +a$n *a!t"' "* the&ath" en$!$t "* *""2 &"$#"n$n #@

a a!t$ $t "* +$!'""' an$#+7 &'"2u!t$"n "* t"


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BOTULISM

16 . The ene'a% *a!t"' "* the &ath" ene#$# "* the 7"tu%$#+ $#

a t"


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PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS.

1,3. ?hat $# the 'e#e' "$' "*eu2"tu7e'!u%"#$#@

a hu+an#7 t$!>#! 7$'2#2 '"2ent#e A%% +ent$"ne2.

1, . ?hat $# the +a$n *a!t"' $n &ath" ene#$#"* a eu2"tu7e'!u%"#$#@

a 7a!te'e+$a7 2eh 2'at$"n! $++un"#u&'e##$"n2 t"$n % +&he##e%# :$th 2e e%"&+ent "* &e'$*"!a%

$nfa++at$"n7 t"$ne a%% +ent$"ne2.

1, . ?hat $# the t &e "* 'u#h :h$!h a&&ea'#"n #"%e# an2 &a%+# $n &at$ent# :$th

eu2"tu7e'!u%"#$#@a u't$!a%7 e#$!u%a'! e' the+at"u#2 '"#e"%a'e &ete!h$a%.

1,/. C%$n$!a% *"'+ "* eu2"tu7e'!u%"#$# :$th&'e#en!e "* 'u#h $# +"'e "*ten ne!e##a' t"2$ e'ent$ate :$th

a +ea#%e#7 !h$!>en&"

)0 . D$a''hea $n $nte#t$na% e'#$n$"#$# $#!au#e2 7

a #t'en thene2 &'"2u!t$"n "* :ate'an2 e%e!t'"% te# $n %u+en "*$nte#t$ne

7 $nfa++at$"n "* a +u!"u# "*a#t'"$nte#t$na% t'a!t

! $n!'ea#$n "* "#+"t$! &'e##u'e $n%u+en "* $nte#t$ne

2 a%% +ent$"ne2e n" "ne *'"+ +ent$"ne2

)0/. ?hat $# the +"#t t &$!a% !"+&%$!at$"n*"' t'an#a72"+$na% *"'+ "* $nte#t$na%

e'#$n$"#$#@a a&&en2$!$t$#7 & e%"ne&h'$t$#! +en$n $t$#2 + "!a'2$t$#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

)06. ?hat &%a!e "* the &ath" en $n"!u%at$"n$# t &$!a% *"' $nte#t$na% e'#$n$"#$#@

a % +&h"$2 *"'+at$"n# "*

"'"&ha' n ea% 'e $"n7 +u!"u# "* a #t"+a!h! +u!"u# "* $%eu+2 +u!"u# "* 'e!tu+ an2 #$ +"$2 !"%"ne a%% +ent$"ne2.

)0,. ?hat $# the +"#t *'e;uent !%$n$!a% *"'+"* $nte#t$na% e'#$n$"#$#@

a a&en2$!u%a'7 a#t'$t$!! ente'"!"%$t$!2 a#t'"ente'$t$!e +en$n ea%.

)10. ?hat $# the !au#e "* 2$a''hea 2u'$n

$nte#t$na% e'#$n$"#$#@a a+&%$Be2 &'"2u!t$"n "* :ate' an2

e%e!t'"% te# $nt" a ut %ea+7 $nfa++at$"n "* the a#t'" -

$nte#t$na% +u!"u#! $n!'ea#e "* the "#+"%a' &'e##u'e $n a

ut !"ntent#.)11.?hat $# the +"#t t &$!a% !"+&%$!at$"n*"' a72"+$na% *"'+ "* $nte#t$na% e'#$n$"#$#@

a a&&en2$!$t$#7 & e%"ne&h'$t$#! +en$n $t$#2 + "!a'2$t$#.e A%% +ent$"ne2.

)1). ?hat $# the &%a!e "* $nt'"2u!t$"n "* the&ath" en "* $nte#t$na% $e'#$n$"#$#

a % +&h *"'+at$"n# "* the th'"at7 #t"+a!h +u!"#a! JeJune +u!"#a

2 'e!tu+ an2 #$ +"$2 !"%"n +u!"#ae a%% +ent$"ne2.

Idleness is the mother of all evils

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ECHERICHIOSIS

)13. ?hat t &e# "* E#!he'$!h$a# !au#e2$#ea#e# #$+$%a' t" #h$ e%%"#$#@

a ente'"$n a#$ e7 ente'"t"e 2$#ea#e#@

a ente'"$n a#$ e7 ente'"t"


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SHIGELLOSIS

)1/. ?hat $# the +e!han$#+ "* t'an#+$##$"n"* #h$ e%%"#$#@

a !"nta!t7 a$'-2'"&%et! *e!a%-"'a%2 th'"u h the 7$te# "* 7%""2#u!>$n

$n#e!t#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

)16. A!t$ e &'"2u!t$"n "* e


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a L$;u$2 &%ent$*u% #%$+e an2 7%""2(Je%% -%$>e *'e;uent

7 L$;u$2 &""' *'e;uent :$tha2+$


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CHOLERA

)33. ?hat $# the 2u'at$"n "* the $n!u7at$"n&e'$"2 "* !h"%e'a ($n 2a # @

a 1-57 /-1! 10-)12 )5-30e 1-).

)3 . T &$!a%% !h"%e'a 7e $n *'"+a "+$t$n7 a72"+$na% &a$n#! *e e'2 :ate' 2$a''heae a%% +ent$"ne2.

)35. The ene'a% !au#e "* 2eath "* &at$ent#:$th the !h"%e'a $#

a $n*e!t$"u# - t"! a!ute 'ena% *a$%u'e2 e2e+a an2 #:e%%$n "* a 7'a$ne a%% +ent$"ne2.

)3 . Fe!e# "* &at$ent# :$th !h"%e'a u#ua%%!"nta$n

a #%$+e7 7%""2! #%$+e an2 7%""22 un2$ e#te2 *""2e 2" n"t !"nta$n ne$the' #%$+e an2

7%""2 "' un2$ e#te2 *""2..

)3/. ?hat $# +"#t t &$!a% %"!at$"n "* 0.cholerae $n hu+an "' an$#+@a $n %u+en "* $nte#t$ne7 &enet'ate $nt" ente'"! te#! &enet'ate $nt" +e#ente'$! % +&h

n"2e#2 &enet'ate $nt" 7%""2#t'ea+e &enet'ate th'"u h the .

)36. T"$n "* +$!'"!$'!u%at$"n'e2u!t$"n "* 'ena% B%t'at$"n

7 T"e

7 L$;u$2 &""' *'e;uent :$tha2+$


26/133

a 7%""27 u'$ne! K #t""%2 'e!ta% #:a7#e 7$%e.

) . ?h$!h #a%$ne #"%ut$"n :e ha e t" 7e $n

u#e B'#t *"' t'eat+ent "* !h"%e'a@a R$n e'8 #"%ut$"n7 T'$#"%e! D$#"%e2 A!e#"%ee I#"t"n$! #"%ut$"n.

26


27/133

ROTAVIRAL DIARRHEAS

) . ?hat $# the +a$n +e!han$#+ "*t'an#+$##$"n "* 2$a''hea# "* '"ta $'a%et$"%" @

a th'"u h the 7$te# "* 7%""2#u!>$n$n#e!t#

7 *e!a%-"'a%! a$'-2'"&%et2 !"nta!te a%% +ent$"ne2.

) 5. ?h$!h &a't# "* the a#t'"$nte#t$na% t'a!ta'e u#ua%% a e!te2 $n !a#e "* '"ta $'a%$n*e!t$"n@

a #t"+a!h7 u&&e' &a't# "* a #+a%% 7":e%#! u&&e' &a't# "* %a' e 7":e%#2 #$ +"$2 !"%"n an2 'e!tu+e a%% +ent$"ne2.

) . The +a$n +e!han$#+ "* the 2$a''hea $n!a#e "* '"ta $'a% $n*e!t$"n# $#

a 7'ea!h "* an a2#"'&t$"n "* a %$;u$2 *"'the a!!"unt "* +a%a7#"'&t$"n

7 h &e'&e'$#ta%#$# "* an $nte#t$ne! $n!'ea#e2 &e'+ea7$%$t "*

+$!'" e##e%# "* an $nte#t$ne2 7'ea!h "* *un!t$"n "* a2en %ate

! !%a#e-! !%$! a2en"#$ne+"n"&h"#&hate (!WX4 # #te+

e a%% +ent$"ne2.

) /.?hat >$n2 "* *e!e# $# t &$!a% *"' '"ta $'a%2$a''hea@a +u!"u# :$th 7%""27 :ate' &%ent$*u% %$>e '$!e 7'"th! *"a+ "* e%%":$#h !"%"'2 :ate' :$th 'een#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

) 6. A72"+$na% &a$n $n &at$ent# :$th'"ta $'a% a#t'"ente'$t$# u#ua%% $#

a 2$ u#e " e' a%% a72"+en n"t a!ute7 #&a#t$! $n the %":e' a'ea# "*

a72"+en $nten#$ e! $nten#$ e $n the u&&e' a'ea# "*

a72"+en "* !"n#tant !ha'a!te'2 $nten#$ e $n the '$ ht $%$a! a'ea ;u$te

"*ten !"n#tant#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

) ,. ?hat a'e the +eth"2# "* #&e!$B!2$a n"#t$!# "* '"ta $'a% a#t'"ente'$t$#@ ()

a 7a!te'$"%" $!a% "* *e!e#7 K 2ete!t$"n "* ant$7"2 t$te' '$#e

:$th ELI A! 7a!te'$"#!"& "* *e!e#2 K 2ete!t$"n "* ant$ en $n *e!e#

:$th %ate< a %ut$nat$"n te#te 'e!t"# +"$2#!"&

)50. ?h$!h 2'u # +a 7e u#e2 *"'t'eat+ent "* '"ta $'a% $n*e!t$"n@

a $n*u#$"n# "* #a%$ne #"%ut$"n#7 #"'7ent#! *e'+ent#2 ant$2$a''hea% 2'u #e K a%% +ent$"ne2.

27


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VIRAL HEPATITIS

)50. ?hat $# the #u&e'B!$a% ant$ en "* thehe&at$t$# $'u#@

a 97!"'A7 K9 #A! 9 eA2 97

! 2e'+a% $t!h2 *e e'e a%% +ent$"ne2.

) 3. ?hat # +&t"+# a'e +"#t t &$!a% *"'a!ute he&at$! *a$%u'e@

a $n!'ea#$n "* Jaun2$!e an2he&at"+e a%

7 en%a' e+ent "* %e e% "* !"++"n7$%$'u7$n an2 !h"%e#te'$ne

! K$n!'ea#e "* Jaun2$!e an2 2e!'ea#e "* the #$ze# "* a %$ e'

2 e' the+at$! #>$n 'a#h an2 *e e'e a%% +ent$"ne2.

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29/133

) . ?hat t &e "* $'a% he&at$t$# +"'e "*ten!au#e !h'"n$zat$"n "* 2$#ea#e an2 *"'+at$"n"* !$''h"#$# "* %$ e'@

a A7! KC

2e D.) 5. In :hat '"u& "* &at$ent# %etha%"ut!"+e "* $'a% he&at$t$# E a'e "7#e' e2+"'e "*ten@

a K&'e nant :"+en7 h"+"#e


30/133

ENTEROVIRAL DISEASES

)/). The +"#t "*ten et$"%" $!a% *a!t"' "*$'a% 2$a''hea#

a )eoviruses;b Enteroviriuses;c 1denoviruses;d )otaviruses;e Coronaviruses.

)/3. The ene'a% +eth"2 "* the'a& "* $'a%2$a''hea#

a the'a& :$th ant$7$"t$!7 # +&t"+at$!! $++un"!"''e!t$"n2 2et"e *"'+! &a'a% t$! *"'+2 a#e&t$! +en$n $t$#e 7u%7a' *"'+.)6). In t &$!a% !a#e# "* &"%$"+ e%$t$#te+&e'atu'e &atte'n $#a !"nt$nua%7 he!t$!! :a e-%$>e2 $nte'+$ttente 'e+$ttent.)63. T'eat+ent "* un!"+&%$!ate2&"%$"+ e%$t$# $n!%u2e# a%% +ea#u'e# e


31/133

PROTOZOAN DISEASES

AMEBIAISIS

)6 . ?hat $# the &ath" en "* a+e7$a#$#a Balantidium coli;b3 4$ospora belli;c3 Entamoeba hartmanni;d3 Entamoeba histolytica;e3 Endolima nana.

)65. ?hat $# a 'e#e' "$' "* a+e7$a#$#@a hu+an#7 %$ e#t"!>! &$ #2 '"2ent#e $n#e!t#.

)6 . The 7a#$! +eth"2 "* the'a& "*

$nte#t$na% a+e7$a#$# $#a 'eh 2'at$"n7 2et"e %$;u$2 #t""% (+u!u# #ta$ne2 :$th7%""2 u& t" - t$+e# a 2a 2u'$n %a#t +"nth#. A 2a 7e*"'e h$# !"n2$t$"n ha##ha'&% :"'#ene2 7"2 te+&e'atu'e ha#'$#en u& t" 3, 5 C #ha'& &a$n $n '$ ht u&&e';ua2'ant $n!'ea#$n 2u'$n 'e#&$'at$"n ha#a&&ea'e2. ent$"ne2 # +&t"+# $#!"nne!te2 :$th

a ee

7 L$;u$2 &""' *'e;uent :$tha2+$


32/133

BALANTIDIASIS. LAMBLIASIS(GARDIASIS

), . ?hat $# the 'e#e' "$' "* the7a%ant$2$a#$#@

a hu+an#7 !att%e! &$ #2 '"2ent#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

),5. ?hat # +&t"+ $# !ha'a!te'$#t$! *"' the%a+7%$a#$# ( a'2$a#$#0@

a *e e'7 2$a''hea! #&a#t$! &a$n# $n h &" a#t'$a2 'e&eate2 "+$t$ne a%% +ent$"ne2.

), . The un$ e'#a% +e2$!at$"n *"' t'eat+ent"* &at$ent# :$th the $nte#t$na% a+e7$a#$#7a%ant$2$a#$# an2 %a+7%$a#$# $#

a et'"n$2az"%e (T'$!h"&"%7 Yat'en (Ch$n$"*"n! De%a $% (Ch%"'";u$ne2 E' th'"+ !$ne N"'f"


33/133

DISEASES WITH TRANSMISSIVEMECHANISM OF TRANSMITTION

ARBOVIRAL ENCEPHALITS

301. ?hat $# the enu# "* Ru##$an #&'$n -#u++e' en!e&ha%$t$# @

a Hantavirus;b 6o"avirus;c Bun7avirus;d 8 (laviviruse .Bunyavirus.

30). ?h$!h t:" # +&t"+# a'e n"t t &$!a% *"'Ru##$an #&'$n -#u++e' en!e&ha%$t$#@

a +en$n $t$#7 en!e&ha%$t$#

! he&at"#&%en"+e a%2 &"% 'a2$!u%"neu'$t$#e K&"% u'$a* K&'$+a' a e!t.

303. ?h$!h t:" # +&t"+# a'e n"t t &$!a% *"' ]a&ane#e en!e&ha%$t$@

a +en$n "en!e&ha%$t$#7 ea'% 7'a$n e2e+a! &"% 'a2$!u%"neu'$t$#2 Kea'% %un # e2e+ae K'e#$2ua% 2e+ent$a.

30 . ?h$!h 2'u !an n"t 7e u#e2 *"' the ]a&ane#e en!e&ha%$t$# t'eat+ent

a A%7u+$n7 9e&a'$n! K4enta+$n2 La#$!#e Re"&"% %u!$n.

305. ?hat !han e# $n #&$na% fu$2 a'e t &$!a%*"' *e e' *"'+ "* t$!>-7"'ne en!e&ha%$t$#@

a h$ h neut'"&h$%$! &%e"! t"#$#7 Kh$ h % +&h"! t$! &%e"! t"#$#! %": neut'"&h$%$! &%e"! t"#$#2 %": % +&h"! t$! &%e"! t"#$#e !han e# a'e n"t &'e#ent

30 . ?h$!h !e%%# *'"+ *"%%":$n a'e +"#tt &$!a%% a e!te2 $n !a#e "* &"%$"+ e%$t$!*"'+ "* t$!>-7"'ne en!e&ha%$t$#@

a K!e%%# "* ante'$"' h"'n# $n !e' $!a%an2 th"'a!a% &a't# "* #&$na% !"'2

7 +en$n e# "* 7'a$n an2 #&$na% !"'2! 'a2$!e# "* &e'$&he'a% ne' e#2 nu!%e$ "* !'an$a% ne' e#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

30/. F"' :hat "* *"%%":$n *"'+# "* t$!>-7"'ne en!e&ha%$t$# 2e e%"&+ent "* e&$%e&t$!atta!># $# t &$!a%@

a +en$n ea%

7 K+en$n "en!e&ha%$t$!! &"%$"+ e%$t$!2 *e e'$#h

e a%% +ent$"ne2.306. ?hat $# the 2'u *"' #&e!$B! the'a& "*t$!>-7"'ne en!e&ha%$t$#@

a De#"-

7"'ne en!e&ha%$t$#e &e'#"n# :h" $#$te2 en2e+$! z"ne.

31). 9": %"n $# #u&e' $#$"n *"' &e'#"n#:h" ha2 atta!>e2 7 t$!>#@

a 10 2a #7 K1 2a #! )1 2a #2 )6 2a #e 30 2a #.

313.?hat $# the +a$n +eth"2 "* t$!>-7"'n

en!e&ha%$t$# #&e!$B! 2$a n"#t$!@a 7a!te'$"%" $!a%7 $'u#"%" !a%! K#e'"%" $!a%2 a%%e' "%" !a%e e&$2e+$"%" $!a%

31 .?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n '"u& "*&e'#"n# $# nee2 $n a!!$nat$"n *"'&'e ent$"n "* t$!>-7"'ne en!e&ha%$t$#@

a &at$ent# :$th an *"'+ "* t$!>-7"'nen!e&ha%$t$# u& t"/-th 2a "* 2$#ea#e

7 a*te' t$!> e


34/133

2 K&e'#"n# :h" a'e "$n t" :"'> $nnatu'a% a'ea# "* t'$!>-7"'nen!e&ha%$t$#

e a%% +ent$"ne2.315. ?h$!h t:" +eth"2# "* %a7"'at"'$n e#t$ at$"n a'e n"t u#e2 *"' 2$a n"#t$!# "*

a'7" $'a% $n*e!t$"n@a $'a% $#"%at$"n7 2ete!t$"n "* #&e!$B! ant$7"2$e#! 2ete!t$"n "* ant$ en :$th IFT2 K#>$n a%%e' $! te#t#e K2ete!t$"n "* %e e% "* >'eat$n$ne

>$naze $n #e'u+.31 . ?hat $# the 'e#e' "$' "* $n*e!t$"n *"'Ru##$an #&'$n -#u++e' en!e&ha%$t$#@

a hu+an7 +a++a%# an2 7$'2#! t$!>#2 K t$!># 7$'2# an2 +a++a%#.e +"#;u$t"e#.

31/. ?hat $# the +a$n :a "* t'an#+$##$"n*"' ]a&ane#e en!e&ha%$t$#@

a !"nta!t :$th an$+a%#7 !"nta!t :$th $n*e!te2 hu+an! a%$+enta' (un7"$%e2 +$%>2 th'"u h the 7$te# "* t$!>#e Kth'"u h the 7$te# "* +"#;u$t"e#.

316. ?hat a'e the t:" +a$n :a # "* t'an#+$##$"n *"' Ru##$an #&'$n -#u++e'en!e&ha%$t$#@

a !"nta!t :$th a e!te2 hu+an7 Ka%$+enta' (un7"$%e2 +$%>! Kth'"u h the 7$te# "* t$!>#2 th'"u h the 7$te# "* +"#;u$t"e#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

31,. ?hat a'e "n#et # +&t"+# "* a'7" $'a%en!e&ha%$t$# (3

a Khea2a!he7 K "+$t$n! 2$a''hea2 K+u#!u%a' &a$n#e !"u h.

3)0. ?hat a'e the 2$a n"#t$!# +eth"2# "* the a'7" $'a% $n*e!t$"n#

a 2ete!t$"n "* ant$ en :$th 2$'e!t$++un"fu"'e#!ent te#t7 2ete!t$"n "* ant$7"2$e# $n t$te' 1 )00

:$th !"+&%e+ent B$n

! K+"2e'ate% &a$n*u% :$th &a%e! an"t$! !ente' an2 7'$ ht *e#t""ne27"'2e'#

2 #!'at!he2 &a$n%e## "* 'e2- $"%et!"%"' :$th !%ea' 7"'2e'# *'"+#u''"un2e2 #>$n

e a%% +ent$"ne2.

3) . ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n 2'u # $#u#e2 *"' t'eat+ent "* L$+e-7"''e%$"#$#@a KTet'a! !%$ne7 Penta+ !$n! E' th'"+ !$n2 L$n!"+ !$ne $#e&t"%

3)5. 9": %"n +u#t 7e #u&e' $#$"n *"' L$+e-7"''e%$"#$# !"n a%e#!ent#@

a 3 +"nth7 +"nth! 1 ea'2 K) ea'#

e %$*e-%"n .3) . ?hat t &e "* !a'2$a! 2$#tu'7an!e# $#+"#t t &$!a% *"' L$+e 7"''e%$"#$#@

a K+ "!a'2$t$#7 en2"!a'2$t$#! $n*a'!t "* + "!a'2$u+2 &e'$!a'2$t$#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

3)/. ?hat $# the !au#e "* 'e%ae# "* L$+e7"''e%$"#$#@

a #e&t$!e+$a7 K$nt'a!e%%u%a' &e'#$#ten!e "*

&ath" en! 'e$n*e!t$"n2 #u&e'$n*e!t$"n

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e $++un"#u&'e##$"n.3)6. ?hat $# the !au#e "* !h'"n$! L$+e7"''e%$"#$# !"u'#e@

a $++un"#u&'e##$"n7 K$nt'a!e%%u%a' &e'#$#ten!e "*

&ath" en

! 'e$n*e!t$"n2 #u&e'$n*e!t$"ne a%% +ent$"ne2.

3),. ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n # +&t"+# $#t &$!a% *"' L$+e8# 2$#ea#e@

a ene'a%$ze2 % +&ha2en"&ath7 %"+e'u%"ne&h'$t$#! ente'"!"%$t$#2 K&"% 'a2$!u%"neu'$t$#e "t$t$#.

330. ?hat a'e the +"#t $n*"'+at$ e%a7"'at"' +eth"2# *"' 2$a n"#t$! "* L$+e2$#ea#e@ ()

a !u%tu'$n "* 7%""2 an2 #&$na%fu$2

7 2ete!t$"n "* #&e!$B! I Pant$7"2$e# :$th ELISA

! K 2ete!t$"n "* #&e!$B! Iant$7"2$e# :$th ELISA

2 $#"%at$"n "* &ath" en *'"+ J"$nt fu$2

e K 2ete!t$"n "* &ath" enDNA :$th 4CR.

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36/133

LOUSE-BORN TYPHUS

330. 9": %"n $# +aett#$a *'"+ 7%""27 K2ete!t$"n "* #&e!$B! ant$7"2$e# $n

#e'u+! #>$n-a%%e' $! te#t2 $#"%at$"n "* '$!>ett#$a *'"+ *e!e#e $#"%at$"n "* '$!>ett#$a *'"+

!e'e7'"#&$na% fu$2.3 0. ?hat $# the 2'u "* !h""#e *"'t'eat+ent "* %"u#e-7"'n t &hu# an2 '$%%8#2$#ea#e@

a 4en$!$%%$n7 St'e&t"+ !$n! Fu'az"%$2"ne2 KTet'a! !%$nee De%a $%.

3 1. ?hat !a'2$" a#!u%a' 2$#tu'7an!e# a'et &$!a% *"' !%$+a< &e'$"2 "* %"u#e-7"'nt &hu# an2 '$%%8# 2$#ea#e@

a 'e%at$ e 7'a2 !a'2$a an2 +"2e'ateh &"ten#$"n

7 Kta!h !a'2$a an2 h &"ten#$"n! 7'a2 !a'2$a an2 h &e'ten#$"n2 ta!h !a'2$a an2 h &e'ten#$"ne a%% +ent$"ne2.

3 ). ?hat &e!u%$a'$t$e# "* 7%""2 !e%% !"unta'e t &$!a% *"' !%$+a< &e'$"2 "* %"u#e-7"'net &hu#@

a KLeu>"&en$a neut'"&en$ae"#$n"&en$a 'e%at$ e % +&h"! t"#$#

7 N"'+a% !"unt "' $n#$ n$B!ant%eu>"! t"#$# ten2en! t"neut'"&h$%$a 2'u+ -t$!> #h$*t t" the

%e*t +"n"! t"#$# &'e#en!e "*&%a#+at$! !e%%# (Tu'> !e%%#! Leu>"&en$a ane"#$n"&h %$a

% +&h"! t"#$# th'"+7"! t"&en$aESR e%e at$"n

2 Leu>"! t"#$# neut'"&en$a% +&h"+"n"! t"#$# at &$!a%+"n"nu!%ea'#.

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37/133

37


38/133

MALARIA

3 3. ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n a ent# $#!au#at$ e a ent "* +a%a'$a te't$an@

a !l. ovale;b !l. malariae;c !l. 9alciparum;d 8!l. viva ;e a%% +ent$"ne2.

3 . ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n a ent# $# a!au#at$ e a ent "* t'"&$!a% +a%a'$a@

a !l. ovale;b 8!l. 9alciparum;c !l. malariae;d !l. viva ;e &. donavani .

3 5. ?hat $# the 7a#$! +e!han$#+ "*ane+$a $n &at$ent# :$th +a%a'$a@

a #&%een h &e'&%a#$a an2h &e'#&%en$#+

7 Khe+"% #$# "* e' th'"! te# a# a 'e#u%t"* e' th'"! t$! #!h$z" "n

! aut"$++une he+"% #$# "*e' th'"! te#

2 %": "#+"t$! 'e#$#tan!e "*e' th'"! te# :$th #u7#e;uenthe+"% #$#

e $nhe'ent 2eB!$t "* %u!"#e- -&h"#&hate 2eh 2'" ena#e $ne' th'"! te#

3 . ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n *"'+# "*&%a#+"2$a $# the !au#e "* ea'% +a%a'$a'e%ae#@

a #&"'"z"$te#7 a+et"! te#! e


39/133

*e e'@a Ka7#ent7 $n#$ n$B!ant! +"2e'ate2 #$ n$B!ant

35/. ?hat "ne "* the *"%%":$n 2'u # $# the

2'u "* !h""#e# *"' the'a& "* +a%a'$a@a Lae "+ !et$n (Ch%"'a+&hen$!"%e7 4en$!$%%$n! KCh%"'";u$ne (De%a $%2 et'"n$2az"%e (T'$!h"&"%e a%% +ent$"ne2.

356. ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n 2'u # $# the2'u "* !h""#e# *"' the t'eat+ent "* #e e'et'"&$!a% +a%a'$a@

a A+"2$a;$ne7 Ch%"'";u$ne (De%a $%! 4'$+a;u$ne2 K=u$n$ne #u%*atee a%% +ent$"ne2.

35,. ?hat "ne "* the *"%%":$n 2'u # +a7e u#e2 *"' &'e ent$"n "* +a%a'$a 'e+"te'e%ae#@

a Ch%"'";u$ne (De%a $%7 K4'$+a;u$ne! =u$n$ne #u%*ate2 A+"2$a;u$nee a%% +ent$"ne2.

3 0. ?hat a'e 7a#$! !%$n$!a% # +&t"+# "*!%$+a< &e'$"2 "* +a%a'$a $ ane##a2 na+$a &a%e #>$n &""' '"#e"%a''u#h "n %ate'a% #u'*a!e# "* t'un>en%a' e+ent "* #&%een an2 %e e'

! Fe e' "* 'e+$tt$n t &e !h$%%##$ n$B!ant :ea>ne## &ete!h$a%enanthe+a "n !"nJun!t$ a#"+et$+e# en%a' e+ent "* %$ e'

2 KFe e' "* $nte'+$tt$n t &e "n !%$+ae2 7ee*.

3 3. ?hat $# the '"ute "* t'an#+$##$"n "* Ten$a#$#@

a u#$n "* #"$%-!"nta+$nate2 *""27 ana%-"'a% #e%*-!"nta+$nat$"n! u#$n "* un2e'!"">e2 +eat2 u#$n "* un!"">e2 B#he th'"u h #>$n an2 7 en2" en"u#

aut"'e$n*e!t$"n.3 . ?hat $# the '"ute "* t'an#+$##$"n "*9"">:"'+#@

a u#$n "* #"$%-!"nta+$nate2*""2

7 ana%-"'a% #e%*-!"nta+$nat$"n! u#$n "* un2e'!"">e2 +eat2 u#$n "* un!"">e2 B#he th'"u h #>$n an2 7

en2" en"u# aut"'e$n*e!t$"n..3 5. 4 'ante% 4a+"ate $# e e!t$ e *"'t'eat+ent "*

a 9"">:"'+#7 Ente'"7$a#$#! Ta&e:"'+#

2 O&$#th"'!h$a#$#e St'"n % %"$2$a#$#.3 . ?h$!h 2'u *'"+ +ent$"ne2 +a 7ee e!t$ e *"' t'eat+ent "* ! #te!$'!"#$#@

a 4 'ante% &a+"ate7 e7en2a#"%e! Th$a7en2a#"%e2 A%7en2a#"%ee I e'+e!t$n.

3 /. ?hat 2'u $# e e!t$ e *"' t'eat+ent "* Ta&e:"'+#@

a 4 'ante% &a+"ate7 e7en2a#"%e

! 4'az$;uante%2 Th$a7en2a#"%ee A%7en2a#"%e.

3 6. F"' t'eat+ent "* 9"">:"'+# the +"#te e!t$ e 2'u $#

a e7en2a#"%e7 A%7en2a#"%e! 4 'ante% &a+"ate2 I e'+e!t$ne 4'az$;uante%.

3 ,. ?hat $# the !au#e "* ane+$a a##"!$ate2

:$th an! %"#t"+$a#$#@

a "ne +a''": 2e&'e##$"n !au#e27 &a'a#$t$! $n a#$"n

7 V$ta+$n 1) 2eB!$en! !au#e2 7!"+&et$t$ e a7#"'&t$"n 7 the&a'a#$te

! a%a7#"'&t$"n "* *"%$! a!$2 a# a'e#u%t "* !h'"n$! 2$a''hea

2 a##$ e he+"&t #$# 2u'$n the$n$t$a% &ha#e# "* &a'a#$t$!+atu'at$"n

4e'#$#tent $'"n %"##.

40


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41


42/133

INFECTIOUS DISEASES WITHINOCULATION AND PARENTERALMECHANISM OF TRANSMISSION

HIV INFECTION AND AIDS3 ,. ?h$!h en e%"& % !"&'"te$n# #u7+$tant$ en$! #t'u!tu'e "* the 9IV 1 t &e $'u#@

a & 1 &)0 &1 07 K &1 0 &1)0 & 1! & 1 &110 &1)02 &1)0 &160 & 1e a%% +ent$"ne2.

3/0. ?he'e 2"e# 'e&%$!at$"n "* the 9IV"!!u'@

a &%a#+"! te# an2 +a!'"&ha e#7 K+a!'"&ha e# an2 T-he%&e'#

! T-he%&e'# an2 -% +&h"! te#2 ^-% +&h"! te# an2 &%a#+"! te#e N" "ne *'"+ +ent$"ne2.

3/1. ?hat "&&"'tun$#t$! $n*e!t$"n# an2$n a#$"n# a'e t &$!a% *"' AIDS@

a ene'a%$ze2 !an2$2$a#$# an2&u%+"na' !"!!$2$2"+ !"#$#

7 %e$#h+an$a#$# an2 t""en!e&ha%"&ath! K2$#!$'!u%at"' $n*'$n e+ent# "* a

!e'e7'a% !$'!u%at$"n2 e2e+a "* the 7'a$ne #&"n $*"'+ en!e&ha%"&ath .

3/ . ?hat $# the !"e**$!$ent _ _6 (the 'at$""* #u7&"&u%at$"n# "* _-% +&h"! te# t &$!a%*"' AIDS@

a K0 57 1 5! ) 02 3 0e 0.

3/5. ?hat $# the AIDS-$n2$!at"' 2$#ea#e@a &u%+"na' tu7e'!u%"#$#7 K&neu+"! #t$! &neu+"n$a! !an2$2$a#$# "* a +"uth

2 he'&e# %a7$a%$#e $nte#t$na% a+e7$a#$#

3/ . ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n !%$n$!a%# n2'"+e# $# !ha'a!te'$#t$! *"' 9IV-$n*e!t$"n"n #ta e "* &e'#$#tent ene'a%$ze2

% +&h"a2en"&ath @a en%a' e+ent "* an 3 '"u "*

% +&h n"2e# &a$n*u% "n &a%&at$"nten2en! t" #u&&u'at$"n

7 en%a' e+ent "* $n u$na% % +&hn"2e# #"%2e'e2 an2 &a$n*u% "n&a%&at$"n

! Ken%a' e+ent "* an 3 '"u "*% +&h n"2e# *'ee% +" a7%e an2&a$n%e## "n &a%&at$"n

2 en%a' e+ent "* $n u$na% an2 a


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RABIES

3/,. The !au#at$ e a ent "* 'a7$e# 7e%"nt"

a My oviruses;b )habdoviruses;

c )etroviruses;d Hepadnaviruses;e 1renaviruses .

360. ?he'e $# 'a7$e# +"#t% #&'ea2@a $n !"unt'$e# "* t'"&$! 7e%t7 $n En %an2! $n Au#t'a%$a2 $n Anta'!t$!ae $n U>'a$ne.

361. In :h$!h 'e $"n# 'a7$e# $# n"t'e $#te'e2@

a $n En %an27 $n Au#t'a%$a! $n USA2 $n Anta'!t$!a.

36). ?hat $# the +a$n #"u'!e "* 'a7$e#$n*e!t$"n @

a !a'n$ "'"u#7 he'7$ "'"u#! B#h2 7$'2#e $n#e!t#.

363. ?hat $# the +a$n '"ute "* t'an#+$##$"n"* 'a7$e#@

a &a'ente'a%7 th'"u h the 7$te# "* an$+a%#! th'"u h the :"un2# !"nta+$nate2 :$th #"$%2 #e

7 a#&h

a Inte'*e'"n7 R$7a $'$n! A'2uan2 Re"&"% %u!$nee Se2u

$n*e!t$"n7 &"#te


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TETANUS

3,3. ?hat &ath" en *'"+ +ent$"ne2 $# the!au#e "* tetanu#@

a Clostridia;b Corynebacteria;

c &isteria;d Neisseria;e Bordetella

3, . ?hat $# the +a$n '"ute "* t'an#+$##$"n"* tetanu#@

a th'"u h the 7$te# "* $n#e!t#7 t'"u h the :"un2#! &a'ente'a%2 #e

01. A e'a e $n!u7at$"n &e'$"2 "* tetanu#$#

a 3-5 2a #

7 / 2a #! 1 2a #2 )0 2a #e 1 ea'.

0). ?hat ) # +&t"+# +a $n2$!ate #e e'e!"u'#e "* tetanu#@

a t'$#+u#7 '$ $2$t "* the ne!>! 2 #&ha $a2 '$ $2$t "* a72"+en +u#!%e#e #&"ntane"u# &'"%"n e2 #&a#+#.

03. A%% "* *"%%":$n # +&t"+# +a 7e$n2$!at"'# "* #e e'e tetanu# 7e#$2e "*

a +"2e'ate t'$#+u#7 ene'a%$ze2 !'a+! ta!h &n"ea $n e

a ant$7$"t$!#7 hu+an tetanu# $++une %"7u%$n "' e;u$ne

tetanu# ant$t"


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ERYSIPELAS

0 . Sh": the !au#at$ e a ent "* e' #$&e%a#.a Corinebacteria;b3 Streptococci o9 "roup 1;c3 (rysipelothri ;

d3 Staphylococci;e3 Neisseria .

0/. ?he'e 2"e# e' #$&e%a# %"!a%$ze@a $n #>$n7 $n #>$n an2 +u!"u# +e+7'ane#! $n 7'a$n2 $n #e$n a%%e' $! te#t.

1). ?hat $# the 2'u "* !h"$!e *"'t'eat+ent "* e' #$&e%a#@

a 4en$!$%%$n P7 N$t'"*u'an#! Su%*"na+$2e#2 et'"n$2az"%ee A%7en2az"%e.

45


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LEPTOSPIROSIS

13. ?hat $# the &ath" en "* %e&t"#&$'"#$#@a Spirochaeta;b &isteria;c Corynebacteria;d )ic*ettsia;e 0irus.

1 . ?hat t &e "* t"e%$nJu'e2 $n %e&t"#&$'"#$#@

a u'" en$ta% an2 !a'2$" a#!u%a'# #te+#

7 !a'2$" a#!u%a' an2 'e#&$'at"'# #te+#

! 'e#&$'at"' an2 2$ e#t$ e # #te+#2 2$ e#t$ e an2 u'" en$ta% # #te+#

e ne' "u# an2 2$ e#t$ e # #te+#.)0. ?hat t &e "* e


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a a e!t$"n "* %"+e'u%$7 a e!t$"n "* tu7u%a' # #te+! 2$#tu'7an!e# "* +$!'"!$'!u%at$"n $n a

'ena% &a'en!h +a2 e2e+a "* $nte'#t$!$"u# #&a!e .

30. ?hat $# the !au#e "* a e!t$"n "* %un #

$n &at$ent# :$th %e&t"#&$'"#$#@a aHn$t "* &ath" en t" the %unt$##ue

7 $nte'#t$t$a% e2e+a! he+"''ha $! !han e# $n the %un2 *"'+at$"n "* a&neu+at"#$#e#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

31. Le&t"#&$'ae !an #u' $ e *"' a %"n t$+e$n

a %un t$##ue7 tu7u%a' # #te+ "* a >$2ne #! %$ e'2 CNSe e e..

3). ?hat $# the +"#t t &$!a% $n!u7at$"n&e'$"2 "* %e&t"#&$'"#$#@

a -1) h7 )-3 2a #! 1-) :ee>#2 1 +"nth.e 3 +"nth.

33. ?hat $# the +"#t t &$!a% !%$n$!a% *"'+ "* %e&t"#&$'"#$#@

a a# +&t"+at$!7 un$!te'$!! $!te'$!2 #e e'e *"'+# :$th *ata% "ut!"+e.e a#t'"$nte#t$na%.

3 . ?hat # +&t"+ $# n"t t &$!a% *"' !%$n$!a%+an$*e#tat$"n "* un$!te'$! *"'+ "* %e&t"#&$'"#$#@

a +u#!u%a' &a$n7 h &e'e+$a "* *a!e an2 !"nJun!t$ a#! t"n#$%%$t$#2 +en$n $t$#e he&at"#&%en"+e a% .

35. ?hat !"+&%$!at$"n "* %e&t"#&$'"#$# $#n"n#&e!$B! "ne@

a a#t'"$nte#t$na% 7%ee2$n7 &neu+"n$a! $n#uH!$en! "* >$2ne # an2 %$ e'2 !%"u2$n "* $t'e"u# 7"2e +en$n $t$#.

3 .Re%ae# a*te' B'#t atta!> "* %e&t"#&$'"#$# u#ua%% 2e e%"& th'"u h the&e'$"2 $n

a 1-) 2a #7 :ee>! +"nth2 1 ea'e 3 ea'#.

3/. ?hat !han e# $n %a7"'at"' te#t# a'en"t t &$!a% *"' %e&t"#&$'"#$#@

a %eu>"! t"#$# neut'"&h$%$aane"#$n"&h %$a th'"+7"! t"&en$a

7 %eu>"! t"#$# :$th neut'"&h$%$! #h$*t t"%e*t e' h$ h ESR

! %eu>"! t"#$# e"#$n"&h %$ath'"+7"! t"#$#

2 $n!'ea#e2 %e e% "* #e'u+ !'eat$n$nean2 u'eae $n!'ea#e2 %e e% "* #e'u+ $n2$'e!t

7$%$'u7$n36. ?hat a'e the #&e!$+en# *"'

7a!te'$"%" $!a% 2$a n"#t$!# "* %e&t"#&$'"#$#@()

a 7%""27 "+$t$n +a##e#! #&utu+2 *e!e#e u'$ne

3,. ?hat $# the +ate'$a% *"' ea'%7a!te'$"%" $!a% 2$a n"#t$!# "* %e&t"#&$'"#$#(B'#t 5 2a # @

a 7%""27 "+$t$n +a##e#! #&utu+2 *e!e#e u'$ne

0. ?hat a'e the +ate'$a%# *"' 2$a n"#t$!#"* %e&t"#&$'"#$# a*te' /-10 th 2a # "* the2$#ea#e ()

a 7%""27 "+$t$n +a##e#! #&utu+2 *e!e#e u'$ne #e2$+ent.

1. ?hat a'e the t:" +"#t $+&"'tant+eth"2# "* #e'"%" $!a% 2$a n"#t$!# "* %e&t"#&$'"#$#@

a a %ut$nat$"n te#t7 $n2$'e!t he+a %ut$nat$"n te#t! 'ea!t$"n "* +$!'"a %ut$nat$"n an2

% #$# "* %e&t"#&$'a2 $++un"*e'+ent a##ae !"+&%$+ent B


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. Ch""#e # +&t"+# t &$!a% *"' $!te'$!*"'+ "* %e&t"#&$'"#$#.

a Fe e' % +&h"a2en"&ath "%$ u'$a+"2e'ate #e'u+ ALAT e%e at$"nhe&at"#&%en"+e a%

7 L +&h"a2en"&ath an2 *e e' a'e

a7#ent *un!t$"n "* >$2ne # $# n"'+a%he&at"+e a% #$ n$B!ant #e'u+ALAT e%e at$"n

! Fe e' ene'a%$ze2% +&h"a2en"&ath *un!t$"n "*>$2ne # $# n"'+a%he&at"#&%en"+e a% +"2e'ate#e'u+ ALAT e%e at$"n

2 Pene'a%$ze2 % +&h"a2en"&ath*e e' $# a7#ent the *un!t$"n "*>$2ne # $# n"'+a% #$ n$B!ant #e'u+ALAT e%e at$"n.

48


49/133

DISEASES WITH MULTIPLE WAYS OFTRANSMITTION

HAEMORRAGIC FIVERS

5. ?hat $# the enu# "* the C"n "-C'$+ean he+"''ha $! *e e' &ath" en@

a 1renaviruses:b Hantaviruses;c 6o"aviruses;d Bunyaviruses;e (laviviruses.. ?hat $# the enu# "* the he+"''ha $!

*e e' :$th 'ena% # n2'"+e@a 1renaviruses:

b Hantaviruses;c 6o"aviruses;d Bunyaviruses;e (laviviruses .

/. ?hat $# the enu# "* the E7"%a *e e'&ath" en@

a 1renaviruses;b Hantaviruses;c (iloviruses;d 6o"aviruses;e Bunyaviruses .

6. ?h$!h t:" # +&t"+# a'e n"t t &$!a% *"'C"n "-C'$+ean he+"''ha $! *e e'@

a #t"+a!h an2 ut 7%ee2$n7 >$2ne # a e!t$"n! he+"''ha $! 'u#h "n a #>$n an2

+ !"#e#2 a!ute 7e $nn$ne #e e'e # n2'"+e "* $nt""! t"#$# :$th #h$*t t" %e*t h$ h

ESR7 e' th'"! t"#$# th'"+7"! t"#$#

%eu>"! t"#$# :$th #h$*t t" %e*t h$ hESR

! n"'+a% e' th'"! te# !"unt%eu>"&en$a % +&h"! t"#$# #%$ ht%$n!'ea#e2 ESR

2 n"'+a% e' th'"! te# !"untth'"+7"! t"&en$a %eu>"&en$ae"#$n"&en$a #h$*t t" %e*t "* the%eu!"! te# *"'+u%a h$ h ESR

e n"'+a% e' th'"! te# !"unt%eu!"! t"#$# :$th #h$*t t" %e*t e'h$ h ESR th'"+7"! t"&"en$a.

53. ?hat $# the +a$n 'e#e' "$' "* a'7u'he+"''ha $! *e e'@

a 'at#7 +"n>e #! 7$'2#2 t$!>#e hu+an.

5 . ?hat $# the +a$n :a "* t'an#+$##$"n"* the a'7u' he+"''ha $! *e e'@

a !"nta!t :$th +"n>e #7 hu+an-t"-hu+an !"nta!t! !"nta!t :$th 'at#2 th'"u h the 7$te# "* $n#e!t#e a%$+enta' .

55. ?h$!h :a # "* t'an#+$##$"n a'e n"tt &$!a% *"' La##a he+"''ha $! *e e'@

a a$'-2'"&%et7 !"nta!t :$th '"2ent#! th'"u h the 7$te# "* $n#e!t#2 a%$+enta'e hu+an-t"-hu+an !"nta!t

5 . ?hat # +&t"+ $# n"t t &$!a% *"' La##ahe+"''ha $! *e e'@

a h$ h *e e'

7 u%!e'# "n the +"uth +u!"u#! +u#!u%a' &a$n#2 Jaun2$!ee he+"''ha $! 'u#h* a e!t$"n "* >$2ne #.

5/. ?hat # +&t"+ $# n"t t &$!a% *"'u'7u' E7"%a he+"''ha $! *e e'@

a h$ h *e e'7 he+"''ha $! 'u#h! na#a% #t"+a!h an2 ut 7%ee2$n #2 a e!t$"n "* >$2ne #e #"'e th'"at.

56. ?h$!h *a!t"'# a'e n"t t &$!a% *"'

&ath" ene#$# "* a'7" $'a% $n*e!t$"n#@

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a 'e&'"2u!t$"n $n 'et$!u%"-en2"the%$a%# #te+

7 $'u#e+$a! # n2'"+e "* $nt"


51/133

HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENALSYNDROME

0. ?hat $# the #"u'!e "* the he+"''ha $!*e e' :$th 'ena% # n2'"+e@

a hu+an7 7$'2#! K'"2ent#2 $n#e!t#e B#h.

1. ?hat $# the +a$n *a!t"' "*&ath" ene#$# "* the he+"''ha $! *e e' :$th'ena% # n2'"+e@

a $++un"#u&&'e##$"n7 K2eh 2'at$"n! t"$n % +&hat$! e##e%# an22e e%"&+ent the'e "* $nfa++at"'!han e# "

! t"$2ne $#t &$!a% *"' he+"''ha $! *e e' :$th 'ena%# n2'"+e@

a ne&h'"#!%e'"#$#7 & e%"ne&h'$t$#! %"+e'u%"ne&h'$t$#2 ne&h'"#"ne&h'$t$#e a%% +ent$"ne2.

/0. ?h$!h "* the *"%%":$n !"+7$nat$"n# "*# +&t"+# a'e !ha'a!te'$#t$! *"' the !%$+a

,). The T#an> !e%%# t &$!a% *"' he'&e##$+&%e.

1 . The +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$# $#

#u&e'$n*e!t$"n :$th

a a&"#h$8# #a'!"+a

7 C V-$n*e!t$"n

! e' #$&e%a#

2 Khe'&e#-z"#te'-$n*e!t$"n

e +en$n "!"!!a% $n*e!t$"n.

) . ?hat $# the +a$n !au#e "* the2$#ea#e@a $ta+$n $n#uH!$en!7 " e'!""%$n! K$++un"2eB!$en!2 &h #$!a% e#. Su!h 'u#h:a# "7#e' e2 #e e'a% t$+e# 2u'$n %u#t

ea'. ?hat t &e "* 2'u $# +"#t %$>e% t"a%%e $ate th$# !h$%28# # +&t"+#@

a R$7a $'$ne7 KA! !%" $'e! Az$2"th +$2$ne2 La+$ u2$nee A'7$2"%e.

, . The +e!han$#+ "* a!t$"n "* A! !%" $'e u#e2 t" t'eat 9S-$n*e!t$"n$n "% e#

a K7%"!>$n "* the a!t$ e #$te "* the!e%%8# DNA-2e&en2ent RNA&"% +e'a#e#

7 $n!"'&"'at$"n "* a nu!%e"#$2eana%" $nt" a $'u# DNA !ha$n

! $n2u!t$"n "* the # nthe#$# an2'e%ea#e "* t &e I $nte'*e'"n#

2 $nh$7$t$"n "* the 'e%ea#$n "* $'a%nu!%e$! a!$2 $nt" the h"#t !e%%

e $'a% &'"te$na#e $nh$7$t$"n.,/. The 9ant8# # n2'"+e $# +an$*e#te2

:$tha K!"+7$nat$"n "* *a!$a% ne' e#

&a'a% #$# &a$n an2 e#$!u%a' 'u#h$n the ea' a'ea

7 !"+7$nat$"n "* 7a!> &a##a e an2:ate':"'># 2$#tu'7an!e# :$th&a$n an2 e#$!u%a' 'u#h $n theana% an2 en$ta% a'ea

! !"+7$nat$"n "* a!ute &a$n $n the+an2$7u%a' a'ea :$th e#$!u%a''u#h "n the +u!"u# "* the +"uth.

,6. 9e'&et$! $n*e!t$"n $# &'"ne t" a e!t

a%% +ent$"ne2 "' an# an2 t$##ue# e

a $n 9IV- $n*e!te2 &e'#"n#7 $n a e2 &e'#"n#! K$n !h$%2'en $%% :$th e!ze+a2 $n "un &e'#"n# :$th a%%e' $!

2$#ea#e#

54


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e $n a%% a e '"u "* &e'#"n# $%%:$th he%+$nth$a#$#.

500. ?hat 2'u $# n"t u#e2 a# et$"%" $!a%t'eat+ent "* he'&et$! $n*e!t$"n@

a " $'a!#7 C !%"*e'"ne

! KReta7"%$%e2 The7'"*en "$nt+ente a%% +ent$"ne2

501. A #e!e%%#. The &at$ent +ent$"n# that he ha2 a#$+$%a' e'u&t$"n $n the #a+e a'ea ) +"nthea'%$e'. The 'ea&&ea'an!e "* th$# e'u&t$"n+a 7e e


56/133

PLAGUE. TULAREMIA

501. ?hat $# the +a$n :a "* t'an#+$##$"n"* 7u7"n$! *"'+ "* &%a ue@

a th'"u h the $n#e!t8# 7$te#7 a%$+enta' t'an#+$##$"n! a$'-2'"&%et t'an#+$##$"n2 t'an#&%a!enta' t'an#+$##$"n (*'"+

+"the' t" *etu#e th'"u h the !"nta!t :$th %$ e#t"!>

50).?hat $# the +a$n :a "* t'an#+$##$"n "* !utaneu# *"'+ "* &%a ue@

a th'"u h the $n#e!t8# 7$te#7 :ate' :a "* t'an#+$##$"n! a$'-2'"&%et t'an#+$##$"n2 th'"u h the !"nta!t :$th &at$ent#e th'"u h the !"nta!t :$th %$ e#t"!>.

503. 9": %"n $# $n!u7at$"n &e'$"2 "*&%a ue@

a 1- 2a #7 3-/ 2a #! 5-10 2a #2 /-1 2a #e 11-)1 2a #

50 . 9": %"n $# $n!u7at$"n &e'$"2 "*tu%a'e+$a@

a 1- 2a #7 3-/ 2a #! 5-10 2a #2 /-1 2a #

e 11-)1 2a #505. ?hat $# the 'e#e' "$' "* &%a ue@a !att%e7 :$%2 !a'n$ "'e#! '"2ent#2 &"u%t'e t$!>#.

50 . ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n *"'+# "*&%a ue $# %"!a%$ze2 "ne@

a #e!"n2a' #e&t$! *"'+7 &'$+a' #e&t$! *"'+! 7u7"n$! *"'+2 #e!"n2a' &neu+"n$! *"'+

e &'$+a' &neu+"n$! *"'+.50/. ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n 2'u # +a7e u#e2 *"' u' ent &'e ent$"n "* &%a ue@

a E' th'"+ !$n7 4en$!$%%$n! 4"% + e% a e!te2 $n7u7"n$! &%a ue@

a !e' $!a%7 $n u$na%! !u7$ta%2 +e#ente'$!

e ae% a e!te2 $n !a#e"* &ha' n ea% *"'+ "* tu%a'e+$a@

a ante'$"' !e' $!a%

7 $n u$na%! !u7$ta%2 +e#ente'$!e &"#te'$"' !e' $!a%.

510. In :h$!h &e'$"2 "* &neu+"n$! *"'+ "*&%a ue the &at$ent# a'e +"#t 2an e'"u# *"'"the' &e'#"n#@

a $n!u7at$"n7 $n$t$a%! !%$+a2 e2e+a "* the 7'a$ne e2e+a "* the %un #.

513. ?hat $# the B'#t #te& $n the+ana e+ent "* &at$ent# :$th 7u7"n$!&%a ue@

a &'e#!'$&t$"n "* $++une %"7u%$n7 %"!a% 7u7" the'a&! 2et"$n *"'+ "* &%a ue@

56


57/133

a The'e $# "n the han2 &a$n%e## u%!e')Z3 !+ :$th a 7%a!>ene2 ne!'"t$!e#!ha' !$'!%e2 :$th e%e ate2h &e'e+$! '$+ :he'e #+a%% #ate%%$te

e#$!%e# B%%e2 7 #e'"u#-he+"''ha $!!"ntent# a'e #een. E$n #u''"un2#th$# a e!t$"n..

7 The'e $# u%!e' 1Z1 !+ :$th ha'2e%%":$#h 7"tt"+ :$th"ut &u'u%ent

!"ntent at the #>$n "* %e . U%!e' $#!$'!%e2 7 e%e ate2 $nten#$ e% h &e'e+$! an2 #ha'&% "ut%$ne2 '$+:$th ! an"t$! #ha2e. U%!e' $# #ha'&%&a$n*u%.

! "2e'ate e2e+a "* #>$n. The'e $#!'ate'-%$>e u%!e' un2e' 'a !'u#t "nthe h$ h% $nB%t'ate2 an2 h &e'e+$!7a#e $n the !ente' "* e2e+a &u# $#ee2% h &e'e+$! #h$n$n#+""the2 a z"ne "* a e!t$"n ha#&'e!$#e *e#t""ne2 e2 e#. On the!ente' "* a e!t$"n h &e'e+$a $# %e##e

#ta$n$ne 2ete!t$"n "* ant$7"2$e# :$th $n2$'e!the+a %ut$nat$"n te#t (I9AT .

51,. C%$n$!a% +an$*e#tat$"n "* &'$+a'&neu+"n$! *"'+ "* &%a ue $# !ha'a!te'$ze2:$th

a an a!ute "n#et "* 2$#ea#e #e e'e#$ n# "* $nt"


58/133

ANTHRA#

51/. ?hat $# the #"u'!e "* the $n*e!t$"n :$thanth'a

h &e'e+$! '$+ :he'e #+a%% #ate%%$tee#$!%e# B%%e2 7 #e'"u#-he+"''ha $!!"ntent# a'e #een. E$n #u''"un2#th$# a e!t$"n.

7 The'e $# u%!e' 1Z1 !+ :$th ha'2e%%":$#h 7"tt"+ at the #>$n "* %e

:$th"ut &u'u%ent !"ntent. U%!e' $#!$'!%e2 7 e%e ate2 $nten#$ e%h &e'e+$! an2 #ha'&% "ut%$ne2 '$+:$th ! an"t$! #ha2e. U%!e' $# #ha'&%&a$n*u%.

! "2e'ate e2e+a "* #>$n. The'e $#!'ate'-%$>e u%!e' un2e' 'a !'u#t "n

58


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the h$ h% $nB%t'ate2 an2 h &e'e+$!7a#e $n the !ente' "* e2e+a &u# $#ee2% h &e'e+$! #h$n$n

#+""the2 a z"ne "* a e!t$"n ha#&'e!$#e *e#t""ne2 e2 e#. On the!ente' "* a e!t$"n h &e'e+$a $# %e##e


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BRUCELLOSIS

5)/. ?hat >$n2 "* Brucellae $# +"#t&ath" en$! *"' hu+an@

a Br. abortus;b Br. suis;c 8Br. melitensis;d Br. canis;e Br. neotomae;

5)6. ?hat *a!t"'# !an $nfuen!e "n 2u'at$"n"* $n!u7at$"n &e'$"2 "* 7'u!e%%"#$#@

a &ath" en a!t$ ene##7 ;uant$t "* $n*e!t$n 2"#e! :a "* t'an#+$##$"n2 'e$n*e!t$"ne Ka%% +ent$"ne2.

5),. ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n te#t#'efe!t# #en#$t$ $t "* t$##ue t" #&e!$B!7'u!e%%a' ant$ en@

a C""+7#8# te#t7 ?'$ ht8# te#t! 9e22%#"n8# te#t.2 K u'net8# te#t.e A%% +ent$"ne2.

530. ?hat $# +$ 'at$"n "* 7'u!e%%aeb@a t'an#*e' "* 7'u!e%%ae *'"+ "ne "' an

t" an"the' "* +a$n h"#t7 t'an#*e' "* 7'u!e%%ae *'"+ "ne an$+a%

t" an"the' "* the #a+e #&e!$e#! Kt'an#*e' "* 7'u!e%%ae *'"+ +a$n

an$+a% h"#t t" an"the' "* 2$ e'ent#&e!$e#2 a%% +ent$"ne2.

531. 4"'ta% "* ent' *"' 7'u!e%%ae $nt" hu+an"' an$#+ $# ()

a K2e'+a% a7'a#$"n#7 K a#t'"$nte#t$na% t'a!t! +u!"u# +e+7'ane# "* 'e#&$'at"'

t'a!t2 u'" en$ta% t'a!t8e a%% +ent$"ne2.

53). ?hat %a7"'at"' te#t 2"e# a%%": t"2$a n"#e an a!ute #ta e "* 7'u!e%%"#$#@.

a u'net8# te#t7 !u%tu'e "* 7"ne +a''": a#&$'ate! 2ete!t$"n "* #&e!$B! I ant$7"2$e#

:$th EIA (enz +e $++un"a##a2 2ete!t$"n "* ant$7"2$e# :$th $n2$'e!t

he+a %ut$nat$"n te#t (I9AT $n t$te'1 60

e Ka%% +ent$"ne2533. D"e# a !'"##-$++un$t a*te' $n*e!t$"n:$th 2$ e'ent t &e# "* 7'u!e%%ae &"##$7%e@

a K e#7 n".

53 . ?hat $# the +a$n 'e#e' "$' "*7'u!e%%"#$#@

a K "at# #hee&

7 hu+an#! 7$'2#2 '"2ent#e !att%e.

535. ?h$!h *""2 &'"2u!t# 2" u#ua%% #e' e

a# a #"u'!e "* 7'u!e%%"#$#@a K+$%> !hee#e7 #a%te2 B#h! t$nne2 +eat2 e eta7%e# an2 *'u$te e #.

53 . ?hat a'e the 7a#$! !%$n$!a% # +&t"+#"* !%$+a< &e'$"2 "* a!ute 7'u!e%%"#$#@

a &'"t'a!te2 'e+$tt$n *e e' !h$%%##$ n$B!ant #:eat$n&"% % +&h"a2en$t$# +u#!u%a' &a$nen%a' e+ent "* #&%een an2 %$ e'

7 !"n#tant t &e "* *e e' :ea>ne##a2 na+$a &a%e #>$n &""' '"#e"%a''u#h "n the #>$n "* a72"+enen%a' e+ent "* #&%een an2 %$ e'

! *e e' "* 'e+$tt$n t &e !h$%%##$ n$B!ant :ea>ne## &ete!h$a%enanthe+a "n !"nJun!t$ a#"+et$+e# en%a' e+ent "* %$ e'

2 *e e' "* $nte'+$tt$n t &e a'$#$n "**e e' $# a##"!$ate2 :$th &a'"< #+ "*!h$%%# *a%%":e2 :$th *ee%$n "* heatan2 #u7#e;uent &%ent$*u% #:eat$nen%a' e+ent "* #&%een an2 %$ e'

e *e e' "* he!t$! t &e !h$%%# an2&'"*u#e #:eat$n &u#tu%a' 'a#hen%a' e+ent "* #&%een an2 %$ e'.

53/. The '"u& "* '$#> *"' 7'u!e%%"#$#$n!%u2e#

a +eat han2%e'#7 ete'$na'$an#! +$%>+a$2#2 !att%e-7'ee2e'#e Ka%% +ent$"ne2.

536. The 2'u # "* !h"$!e *"' t'eat+ent "*7'u!e%%"#$# a'e the t:" *'"+ +ent$"ne27e%":

a 4en$!$%%$n7 E' th'"+ !$n! KTet'a! !%$ne2 KSt'e&t"+ !$ne Ce*t'$a


61/133

a %"!"+"t"' *"'+7 u'" en$ta% *"'+! ne' "u# *"'+2 $#!e'a% *"'+e Ka%% +ent$"ne2.

61


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$-FEVER

53/. ?hat $# the 2'u "* !h"$!e *"'t'eat+ent "* =-*e e'@

a 4en$!$%%$n7 KTet'a! !%$ne! Fu'az"%$2"ne2 St'e&t"+ !$ne Ch%"'";u$ne.

536. ?h$!h !a'2$" a#!u%a' 2$#tu'7an!e# a'et &$!a% *"' !%$+a< &e'$"2 "* =-*e e'@

a Kta!h !a'2$a an2 h &"ten#$"n7 'e%at$ e 7'a2 !a'2$a an2 +"2e'ate

h &"ten#$"n! 7'a2 !a'2$a an2 h &e'ten#$"n2 ta!h !a'2$a an2 h &e'ten#$"ne a%% +ent$"ne2.

53,. 9": %"n $# $n!u7at$"n &e'$"2 "* =-*e e'@

a u& t" 5 2a #7 Ku& t"1 2a #! u& t")5 2a #2 u& t" 5 2a #e u& t" 502a #.

5 0. ?hat $# the 7a#$! +eth"2 "* %a7"'at"'2$a n"#t$! "* =-*e e'@!u%tu'$n "* 7%""2K2ete!t$"n "* #&e!$B! ant$7"2$e# $n #e'a

#>$n-a%%e' $! te#t!u%tu'$n "* *e!e#

!u%tu'$n "* !e'e7'"#&$na% fu$2.5 1. ?h$!h "ne "* the *"%%":$n # #te+# $#t &$!a%% a e!te2 :$th =-*e e'@

a ne' "u# # #te+7 !a'2$" a#!u%a' # #te+! K'e#&$'at"' # #te+2 a%$+enta' # #te+e a%% +ent$"ne2.

5 ). Cau#at$ e a ent "* =-*e e' $#a &eptospira icterohemorrha"ia7 )i*ettsia pro


63/133

e K a%% +ent$"ne2.5 5. The t:" +a$n :a # "* t'an#+$##$"n "*t"e2 &e'#"n#2 K &e'#"n# 'e!e$ $n

%u!"!"'t$!"$2#e !h$%2'en un2e' 1 ea'.

5 /. ?hat $# eu2"! #t@a It $# ""! #t $n a2e2 e&$the%$a% !e%%# "*

the !at8# $nte#t$ne7 It $# the '"u& "* *e+a%e an2 +a%e

a+ete# $n the ut e&$the%$a% !e%%#! K It $# the '"u& "*

$n*e!te2 +a!'"&ha e# !"nta$n$nnu+e'"u# 7'a2 z"$te# #u''"un2e27 a th$!> :a%%

2 It $# +a!'"&ha e# :$th $nt'a!e%%u%a'ta!h z"$te#

e A%% +ent$"ne2.5 6. ?hat *"'+ "* 6. "ondii 2"e# u#ua%%e


64/133

SEPSIS.

550. Ch""#e &"##$7%e !au#at$ e a ent "*#e$# *'"+ *"%%":$n

a Sh. sonnei;b 8Str. pneumonie;

! (r. tularence;2 ). pro

+u!u# an2 7%""2e he&at"#&%en"+e a% .

55 . ?hat +eth"2 "* %a7"'at"'$n e#t$ at$"n +a 7e u#e2 a# e

a ARDS7 #e&t$! #h"!>! a!ute 'ena% *a$%u'e2 e2e+a "* the 7'a$ne K2eh 2'at$ e #h"!>.

55/. Re*'a!t"' #e&t$! #h"!> \ $t $#!"n2$t$"n :hen

a $n*u#$"n the'a& $# n"t e e!t$ e

7 !"+&%e< ant$7$"t$! t'eat+ent $# n"te e!t$ e

! %u!"!"'t$!"$2# a'e n"t e e!t$ e2 $++une the'a& $# n"t e e!t$ e.e K$n*u#$"n the'a& an2 %u!"!"'t$!"$2# a'e

n"t e e!t$ e

556. "#t +e2$at"'# "* $nfa++at$"n a!t a#a a!t$ at"'# "* $++une # #te+7 a#"2$%at"'#! #u&&'e##"'# "* $++une # #te+2 *a!t"'# $n!'ea#$n &e'+ea7$%$t "*

+$!'" e##e%#e K a#"2$%at"'# an2 *a!t"'# $n!'ea#$n

&e'+ea7$%$t "* +$!'" e##e%#.55,. ?h$!h "ne *'"+ *"%%":$n$++un"!"''e!t"'# $# +"#t e e!t$ e *"'t'eat+ent "* #e$#@

a T$+a%$n7 Inte'*e'"n! R"n>"%e$>$n2 In2u!t"'# "* en2" en"u# $nte'*e'"n

(A+$


65/133

TESTS AND CLINICAL CASES FOR 6 TH

YEAR STUDENTS

CLINICAL CASES

CASE % The &at$ent "* - ea'#-"%2 ha# a2+$tte2 t"the h"#&$ta% "n the 10-th 2a "* 2$#ea#e :$th!"+&%a$nt# "n !"++"n :ea>ne## %"## "* a&&et$te Jaun2$!e 2a'>en$n "* u'$ne. The2$#ea#e 7e an 'a2ua%% :$th *at$ uenau#ea. On the th 2a he ha# n"te22a'>en$n "* u'$ne an2 the *ee%$n "* 'a $t$n the '$ ht u&&e' &a't "* a72"+en. Cu''ent#tate he ha2 !"nne!te2 :$th ee a 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!#.! P$ e a &%an "* %a7"'at"'

e. C"++"n 7%""2te#t &'e#ent# +"2e'ate ane+$a%eu!"&"en$a % +&h"+"n"! t"#$# an2e%e ate2 ESR ()1 ++ h .

a ?hat $# the 2$a n"#$#@7 a>e a 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!.! ?hat a'e the &"##$7%e u' ent #tate#

2u'$n t'eat+ent@2 P$ e the &%an "* %a7"'at"'

$n e#t$ at$"n.e 4'e#!'$7e a t'eat+ent.

CASE The ))- ea'-"%2 #tu2ent 2e e%"&e2 a

2$#ea#e :$th a!ute "n#et *e7'$%ete+&e'atu'e *'e;uent %$;u$2 #t""% :$tha2+$ a " he ha#!"+e 7a!> *'"+ $%%a e :he'e the #$+$%a'!a#e# "* 2$#ea#e ha2 7een 'e $#te'e2. It $#

>n":n that he ha# eaten un:a#he2 a&&%e#the'e. On a2+$##$"n t" the !%$n$! "n the -th2a "* 2$#ea#e a !"++"n #tate "* &at$ent:a# +"2e'ate. Te+&e'atu'e :a# 3/ 5 C. Thea72"+en :a# +"2e'ate% $nfate2 &a$n*u%2u'$n &a%&at$"n "* th$!> #$ +"$2 7":e%.F'e;uen! "* #t""% nu+7e'e2 10 t$+e# &e'2a $t :a# &""' %$;u$2 :$th #%$+e an27%""2.

a F"'+u%ate the !%$n$!a% 2$a n"#$#.7 a>e a 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!.! a>e a &%an "* %a7"'at"'

$n e#t$ at$"n.2 ?hat a'e &"##$7%e !"+&%$!at$"n# an2

u' ent #tate# 2u'$n the !u''ent2$#ea#e@

CASE )A50- ea'-"%2 :at!h+an "* a

#t"'eh"u#e #$tuate2 nea' a *"'e#t 2e e%"&e22$#ea#e :$th a!ute "n#et h$ h te+&e'atu'e(u& t" 3, C !h$%%# hea2a!he a'th'a% $a#*"%%":e2 7 7a!> &a$n *'"+ the )-th 2a "* 2$#ea#e an2 7 na#a% 7%ee2$n *'"+ the 3-'22a . 9e :a# 7'"u ht t" the e+e' en! '""+"n the 5-th 2a "* 2$#ea#e $n #e e'e #tate.On e


66/133

a7un2ant he+"''ha $! 'u#h "n #>$n "* at'un> an2 e an2 *e!e# :e'e "*u#ua% !"%"'. D$u'e#$# nu+7e'e2 00 +%.

a a>e "u' &'e%$+$na' 2$a n"#$#.7 a>e a 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!.! a>e a &%an "* %a7"'at"'

$n e#t$ at$"n.2 ?hat u' ent #tate# 2$2 2e e%"& $n

th$# !a#e@e ?hat $# "u' +e2$!a% ta!t$!@

CASE * The $nha7$tant "* the T u+en 'e $"n

(Ru##$a ?e#t S$7e'$a u#e2 t" eat a '": B#han2 a h"+e +a2e #a%te2 &$>e !a $a' :$th$n%a#t +"nth# n"te2 !"++"n :ea>ne##2$zz$ne## 7u'n$n "* t"n ue &a$n $n+u#!%e# %"## "* :e$ ht an2 2$#!ha' $n :$tha *e!e# &a't$!%e# "* he%+$nthe#. The #>$n "* &at$ent $# &a%e #h$n an2 *eet a'e e2e+at"u#.

The !a'2$a! #"un2# a'e :ea> # #t"%$!+u'+u' "n the a&e< "* hea't $# %$#tene2. 4$# 100 /0 ++ 9 . The %$ e' $# en%a' e2 "n )

#+. T"n ue $# 7'$ ht% 'e2 :$th !'a!>#.C T e' th'"! te# \ 1 3 10 1) % he+" %"7$n\ 50 % CI \ 1 ) $n #a+&%e \+e a%"! te# &"$>$%"! te# e' th'"! te# :$th

]"%$8# !"'&u#!%e# an2 e7"t8# '$n # a'e&'e#ent.

a ?hat $# +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 a>e 2$a n"#t$!# an2 t'eat+ent &%an.! ?hat !"+&%$!at$"n 2$2 2e e%"& $n th$#

!a#e@

CASE +A 5- ea'-"%2 t'a$n !"n2u!t"' :a#

7'"u ht t" e+e' en! 2e&a't+ent "n the/th 2a "* 2$#ea#e :$th the #$ n# "* a!ute

'e#&$'at"' *a$%u'e. The 2$#ea#e 7e an'a2ua%% *'"+ #"'e th'"at te+&e'atu'e "*

3/ 6-36 C an2 :ea>ne##. Thenn"n&'"2u!t$ e !"u h h"a'#ene## "* a "$!e2e e%"&e2 *"%%":e2 :$th a&h"n$a 2$H!u%tan2 n"$# %a7"'e2 'e#&$'at$"n. On a2+$##$"nthe &at$ent8# #tate $# #e e'e. C an"#$##t'$2"'$! 7'eath$n :$th &a't$!$&at$"n "* aue 2$a n"#t$!# an2 t'eat+ent &%an.! ?hat !"+&%$!at$"n 2$2 2e e%"& $n th$#

!a#e@

CASE A 3 - ea' "%2 t'a!> 2'$ e' :a# 7'"u ht t"e+e' en! '""+ "n the th 2a "* 2$#ea#e $na #e e'e !"n2$t$"n :$th !"+&%a$nt# "nhea2a!he #%ee&%e##ne## an2 $+&"##$7$%$t t"#:a%%": %$;u$2# (%$;u$2 *""2 :ate' an2 e en#a%$ a . It :a# *"un2 "ut that at %a#t +"nth"n hunt$n he ha# !au ht the *"< 7'"u ht $t

t" h"+e 7ut *"< ha# #!'at!he2 h$+ an2then e#!a&e2. On ee a 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!.! a>e the &%an "* %a7"'at"'

$n e#t$ at$"n.2 ?hat $# "u' +e2$!a% ta!t$!#@

CASE %A 11- ea'-"%2 &u&$% "* #!h""% :a#

a2+$tte2 t" the h"#&$ta% "n the th 2a "* 2$#ea#e :$th !"+&%a$nt# "n %a!> "* +"t$"n#$n the %":e' e


67/133

the$' +u#!%e# h$ h te+&e'atu'e :h$!h7e an t" 'e2u!e. ?$th 2'"& "* te+&e'atu'ethe &a$n $n the %":e' e ha# a 'a ate2. ?$th$n #e e'a%h"u'# a*te' a2+$##$"n the fa!!$2 &a'a% #e#ha e a&&ea'e2 $n the +u#!%e# "* %e # a'+#

:$th a 2"+$nan!e "* a &'"e the 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#$#.! a>e the &%an "* %a7"'at"'

2$a n"#t$!#.2 ?hat !"+&%$!at$"n# a'e &"##$7%e@e Y"u' the'a&eut$! ta!t$!#@

CASE %%A 6- ea'-"%2 :""%-#"'te' :a#

a2+$tte2 t" !%$n$! "n the )2 2a "* 2$#ea#e$n #e e'e !"n2$t$"n :$th !"+&%a$nt# "n2 #&nea e$n:a# ! an"t$! an2 :et. A +u!"u# "* na#"&ha' n ea% 'e $"n :a# #%$ ht%h &e'e+$!. T"n ue :a# 2' !"ate2 :$th2$'t *u'. Re#&$'at"' 'ate a!!"unte2 0 +$n.On &e'!u##$"n " e' the %un # $n$nte'#!a&u%a' #&a!e #h"'ten$n "* a

&u%+"na' #"un2 :a# 'e $#te'e2 "nau#!u%tat$"n a %"t "* 2' an2 a'$e2 :et 'a%e#:e'e %$#tene2. 4u%#e 'ate :a# 1)0 7eat# +$n7%""2 &'e##u'e G 60 0 ++ 9 . S&%een :a#&a%&ate2 at e2 e "* a '$7 a'!.a ?hat $# &'e%$+$na' 2$a n"#$#@7 a>e a 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!.! a>e the &%an "* %a7"'at"'$n e#t$ at$"n.2 ?hat !"+&%$!at$"n# a'e t &$!a% *"'the 2$#ea#e@

CASE %&A 16- ea'-"%2 &at$ent &'e#ent# "n the

6th 2a "* the 2$#ea#e !"+&%a$nt# "n!"++"n *at$ ue hea2a!he &a$n $n th'"at

2u'$n #:a%%":$n h$ h te+&e'atu'e#:eat$n . The 2$#ea#e 7e an :$th +a%a$#e#u7*e7'$%e te+&e'atu'e an2 #"'e th'"at.F'e;uent atta!># "* t"n#$%%$t$# $n &a#t h$#t"':e'e n"te2. On ee 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!.! a>e the &%an "* %a7"'at"'

$n e#t$ at$"n.2 ?hat !"+&%$!at$"n# a'e &"##$7%e@e ?hat $# "u' +e2$!a% ta!t$!#@

CASE %'A 30 ea'-"%2 nu'#e "* a #u++e' !h$%2'en!a+& :a# a2+$tte2 t" h"#&$ta% "n the 322a "* the 2$#ea#e :$th the !"+&%a$nt# "n&a$n $n th'"at h$ h te+&e'atu'e an2*'e;uent %$;u$2 #t""%. N$ne teena e'# *'"+#u++e' !a+& :$th #$+$%a' # +&t"+# :e'e

h"#&$ta%$ze2 $n 2e&a't+ent. '$ hth &e'e+$a "* +u!"u# "* th'"at an2 #"*t&a%ate &a%at$ne a'!# t"n#$%# an2 7a!> :a%%"* a &ha' n< :e'e 2ete!te2. The'e a'e a

'"u& "* #ha%%": e#$!%e# :$th t'an#&a'ent!"ntent# en!%"#e2 7 a 'e2 !'":n "n a+u!"u# "* #"*t &a%ate :h$!h $n )-3 2a #7u'#t :$th *"'+at$"n "* e'"#$"n. The #"'eth'"at :a# #t'en thene2 2u'$n #:a%%":$n .On the /th 2a the *e e' ha# 2e!'ea#e2e&$the%$zat$"n"* e'"#$"n# :a# "7#e' e2.Pene'a% !"n2$t$"n :a# $+&'" e2 #t""%n"'+a%$ze2.

a ?hat $# +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 a>e the 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#$#.! a>e the &%an "* %a7"'at"'

2$a n"#t$!#.2 ?hat $# "u' +e2$!a% ta!t$!@

CASE %A 36- ea'-"%2 *e+a%e &at$ent

2e e%"&e2 2$#ea#e :$th a!ute "n#et a'$#$n"* te+&e'atu'e u& t" 36 C hea2a!he:ea>ne## an2 nau#ea. T" the en2 "* the 322a &a$n $n %e*t e e #:e%%$n "* e e%$2# :$th&u'u%ent 2$#!ha' $n *'"+ e e ha# a&&ea'e2*"%%":e2 :$th #:e%%$n an2 &a$n $n the Be%2"* %e*t ea' an2 ne!>.

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It $# >n":n that %a#t ) 5 :ee># #he :"'>e2:$th th'e#he'. On ee% 2$a n"#$#@7 ?hat a'e the +eth"2# "* %a7"'at"'

2$a n"#t$!# an2 the'a& @

CASE %)A - ea'#-"%2 *e+a%e &at$ent :a# a2+$tte2t" the h"#&$ta% at the en2 "* a :$th the!"+&%a$nt# "n a #t'"n hea2a!he "*&u%#at$n !ha'a!te' &h"t"&h"7$a ene'a%+u#!%e &a$n# !h$%% *e e' #%ee&%e##ne##%a!> "* a&&et$te. It :a# *"un2 "ut that 6 2a #7e*"'e #he ha# !"+e 7a!> *'"+ ?e#te'nS$7e'$a :he'e #he ha2 %$ e2 $n $%%a e nea':""2 2u'$n 10 2a #. She ha# ne$the'!"nta!t :$th $%% &e"&%e an$+a%# n"' 7$te# "*+"#;u$t"e# an2 t$!>#.On e % +&ha2en$t$# :a# &'e#ent. In %e*t&a'$eta% &a't "* the hea2 a !'u#t "* 7'":n

!"%"' "n e2e+at"u# 7a#e &a$n*u% "n&a%&at$"n :a# #een. S%$ ht ne!> '$ $2$t :a#&'e#ent. Refee the &%an "* 2$ e'ent$a%

2$a n"#t$!.! ?hat $# "u' the'a&eut$! ta!t$!#@

CASE %6A 0- ea'-"%2 +eta%-tu'ne' "n a2+$##$"n t"the h"#&$ta% &'e#ent# !"+&%a$n# "*hea2a!he #t'"n :ea>ne## *e e' &a$n $n

J"$nt# $t!h$n a7un2ant 'u#h "n #>$n "* 7"2 .

One :ee> a " he ha# :"un2e2 the '$ ht*""t an2 'e!e$ e2 &'"&h %a!t$! t'eat+ent:$th tetanu# ant$t"e% 2$a n"#$#

7 ?hat $# the a&&'"&'$ate ne


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nu+e'"u# 2' :h$#t%$n 'a%e# :e'e *"un2.In "%unta' u'$nat$"n an2 2e*e!at$"n :e'en"te2.

a ?hat $# +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 a>e a t'eat+ent &%an@

CASE %A 3/- ea'-"%2 ete'$na'$an :$th$n a +"nth $#!"+&%a$n$n "* :ea>ne## #:eat$n &a$n $n>nee# *""t J"$nt# an2 #u7*e7'$%ete+&e'atu'e. Re&eate2% #"u ht *"' +e2$!a%he%& :a# t'eate2 :$th ant$& 'et$!# 7ut:$th"ut e e!t. In the *a'+e' :he'e he :"'>#!a#e# "* a7"'t$"n# $n #hee& :e'e 'e $#te'e2On e u&&e' &a't "* th"'a< an2 then #&'ea2 "n :h"%e 7"2 .On e$n "* 7"2 an2*a!e. Th'"at an2 &a%ata% +u!"u# $#h &e'e+$! "n #"*t &a%ate enanthe+a $##een. On !h$!> +u!"u# "&&"#$te +"%a'##+a%% #&"t# "* :h$te *u' a'e "7#e' e2.D$##e+$nate2 % +&h"a2en"&ath $# *"un2.Du'$n au#!u%tat$"n '"u h 7'eath$n $#%$#tene2. Ca'2$a! #"un2# a'e +"2e'ate%2u%% &u%#e 'ate $# ,) +$n..

a ?hat $# "u' 2$a n"#$#@7 a>e a 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#$#! ?hat !"+&%$!at$"n# a'e &"##$7%e@

a F$'#t #te& t'eat+ent +ea#u'e#.

CASE &%A 1- ea'-"%2 &en#$"ne' :$th$n 5 2a #&'e#ent# !"+&%a$nt# "n hea2a!he $n#"+n$a!h$%% *e e' 3,.3C an2 :ea>ne##. T'eat+ent:$th ant$& 'et$!# :a# n"t e e!t$ e. T"2a "n#>$n "* t'un> '"#e"%a' an2 &ete!h$a% 'u#h!"+e "ut. It $# >n":n that 35 ea'# a " heha2 7een $%% :$th %"u#e-7"'ne t &hu# an2+a%a'$a an2 n": he #u e'# *'"+ 2$a7ete#.On ee &%an "* %a7"'at"' 2$a n"#t$!#

an2 t'eat+ent.

CASE &&A 35- ea'-"%2 +$%>+a$2 :$th$n ) :ee>#&'e#ent# 'e+$tt$n *e e' :$th e e' 2a!h$%%# an2 then &'"*u#e #:eat$n hea2a!he:ea>ne## an2 &a$n $n J"$nt#. 4a'"< #+# "*te+&e'atu'e a&&ea'e2 $n the a*te'n""n.

T'eat+ent :$th &en$!$%%$n an2 ant$& 'et$!#:a# n"t e e!t$ e. De#&$te "* h$ hte+&e'atu'e !"++"n !"n2$t$"n "* the&at$ent 'e+a$ne2 'athe' #at$#*a!t"' .It $# >n":n that 2u'$n %a#t ea' #he ha#!"nta!t :$th $%% an$+a%# 2u'$n !a% $n .On ee a 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!.! a>e the &%an "* %a7"'at"'

2$a n"#t$! an2 t'eat+ent.

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CASE &'A )5- ea'-"%2 hunte' :a# 7'"u ht t" thee+e' en! 2e&a't+ent $n a #e e'e #tate "nthe 3'2 2a "* 2$#ea#e. On#et "* the 2$#ea#e:a# a!ute :$th !h$%% h$ h te+&e'atu'e (u& t"3,.0-3,.5 C hea2a!he "+$t$n &a$n $n+u#!%e# an2 &a$n $n '$ ht $n u$na% 'e $"n*"%%":e2 :$th ha%%u!$nat$"n#. 4at$ent $#a!!u'ate% a!!$nate2. A!!"'2$n t" h$#:"'> he +"#t &a't "* t$+e #&ent $n a :""2an2 #te&&e.On e$n "**a!e $# h &e'e+$! an2 ! an"t$!. Ca'2$a!#"un2# a'e 2u%% 'e#&$'at"' 'ate a!!"unt) +$n. O e' the %un e#$!u%a' 'e#&$'at$"n$# %$#tene2. T"n ue $# 2' an2 !"ate2 :$th:h$te *u'. The a72"+en $# #"*t &a$n%e##. The'$ ht %e $# ha%* 7ent. In $n u$na% a'ea the*"'+at$"n :$th $n2$#t$n!t !"nt"u'# "* 15 Z )5!+ $n #$ze $# $#ua%% 2eBne2. S>$n a7" e $t $#"* 7%ue-!'$+#"n !"%"'. Du'$n &a%&at$"n "*th$# !"n %"+e'ate the &at$ent 'ea!t# :$th a

'"an t'$e# t" 'e&e% a han2 "* the 2"!t"'.a ?hat $# the +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 ?hat u' ent #tate :a# 2e e%"&e2 $n

th$# !a#e@! a>e "u' ta!t$!# "* t'eat+ent.

CASE &A )1- ea'-"%2 &at$ent :$th$n / 2a # &'e#ent#!"+&%a$nt# "n !h$%% *e7'$%e te+&e'atu'ehea2a!he !"++"n :ea>ne## an2 #"'eth'"at. T'eat+ent :$th Tet'a! !%$ne an2A#&$'$n :a# n"t e e!t$ e.On e \ 6 #e +ente2 neut'"&h$%e# \ 3)% +&h"! te# \ 51 +"n"! te# \ &%a#+at$! !e%%# G3 . ESR \ )/ ++ h. S"+e% +&h"! te# ha e :$2e an2 a!u"%ate2! t"&%a#+.

a ?hat $# the +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 ?hat $# "u' the'a& @

CASE &)A 35- ea'-"%2 7u#$ne##+an :h$!h :ee> a "ha# !"+e 7a!> *'"+ t'$& $n Pu$nea :a#7'"u ht t" the e+e' en! 2e&a't+ent $n#e e'e #tate. ?$th$n / 2a # he !"+&%a$ne2"* *e e' #ha'& hea2a!he an2 !h$%%#.

Te+&e'atu'e :a# h$ h (3, 0- 0 0 C an2"n% #"+et$+e# "n +"'n$n # :a# n"'+a%.4at$ent :a# ta>$n Ana% $n 7ut ha2 n" e e!tthe hea2a!he a!!'ue2 #%ee&$ne## a&&ea'e2an2 then e '$ $2$t an2&e'$"2$!a% t"n$! an2 !%"n$! #e$zu'e# a'e&'e#ent. Refe#8# 7'eath$n a'e "7#e' e2. S>$nan2 $#ua% +u!"u# a'e #u7$!te'$!. 4u%#e $#:ea> 130 7eat# +$n 4 \ ,0 0 ++ 9 .On au#!u%tat$"n "* %un # hete'" ene"u# :et!'a!>%e# a'e %$#tene2. The %$en $# $%%e $7%&a%&ate2.

a ?hat $# the +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 ?hat a ent 2"e# !au#e th$# 2$#ea#e@! ?hat $# the *"'+ "* 2$#ea#e@

2 ?hat $# "u' the'a&eut$! ta!t$!#@

CASE &6A ) - ea'-"%2 &at$ent :$th$n 3 2a #2e e%"&e2 :ea>ne## te+&e'atu'e "* 36 C*"%%":e2 :$th 2$H!u%t "* #:a%%":$n "* a#a%$ a an2 :ate' an2 h &e'#a%$ at$"n.It :a# *"un2 "ut that +"nth# a " 2u'$nhunt$n he ha# 7een 7$tten 7 the *"< $n the'$ ht han2 an2 ha# n"t 7een t'eate2 :$th

a!!$ne.On e "* &a$n*u%#&a#+# "* &ha' n ea% an2 %a' n ea%+u#!%e# 2e e%"&e2 that :a# a!!"+&an$e27 e. The *a!e $#2$#t"'te2 ! an"t$! e


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a ?hat $# +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 ?hat $# the &e'$"2 "* 2$#ea#e#@! ?hat +e2$!a% he%& :a# nee2 $n th$#

!a#e@

CASE &*

A 35- ea'-"%2 +$ 'ant :"'>e' $#a2+$tte2 t" the h"#&$ta% :$th a h$ h *e e'

an2 +a%a$#e "n the 6 2a "* 2$#ea#e. ?hen

he #ta'te2 *ee%$n :ea> he !he!>e2 h$#

te+&e'atu'e an2 *"un2 $t t" 7e #%$ ht%

e%e ate2. O e' the %a#t 2a # he ha# *e%t

&'" 'e##$ e% :"'#e an2 h$# te+&e'atu'e

ha# 'ea!he2 3, C. The 'e#$2ent "n !a%% $n the

e+e' en! '""+ "7#e' e# a #!ant '"#e"%a'

'a#h "n &at$ent8# t'un>. The &at$ent

+ent$"n# that an"the' :"'>e' $n h$# '"u&

ha# 7een #$!> :$t #$+$%a' # +&t"+#.

a ?hat $# +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 a>e a &%an "* 2$ e'ent$a% 2$a n"#t$!.! a>e a &%an "* %a7"'at"'

$n e#t$ at$"n an2 t 'eat+ent.

CASE &+A 16- ea'-"%2 +a%e :a# a2+$tte2 t" the

h"#&$ta% "n the 3'2 2a "* the 2$#ea#e. Onthe 1#t 2a h$# te+&e'atu'e :a# 3/.6 C an2he *e%t $''$tat$"n $n the th'"at #neez$n an2+u!"u# #e!'et$"n *'"+ the n"#e. On the )n22a te+&e'atu'e a'"#e u& t" 36.6 C an2#t'"n hea2a!he $n!'ea#$n t" n$ ht an2#$n %e "+$t$n a&&ea'e2. Nee2 :"'#en$n "* the

ene'a% #tate t" the e en$n te+&e'atu'ea'"#e u& t" 3, C #e e'e hea2a!he

"+$t$n a7#en!e "* e e!t *'"+ ana% et$!#2$#"'2e'# "* !"n#!$"u#.

a ?hat $# the +"#t %$>e% 2$a n"#$#@7 ?hat $# the %e e% "* !"n#!$"u#ne##

2$#"'2e'@

CLINICAL TAS/S

1. Ch"#e # +&t"+# t &$!a% *"' $!te'$! *"'+"* $'a% he&at$t$#

a P'a2ua% "n#et *'"+ nau#ea 'a2ua%%"## "* a&&et$te $n!'ea#$n $t!h$n "*#>$n. OE Jaun2$!e "* #>$n :$th#!'at!he# t'a!e#. S>$n tu' "' $#'e2u!e2. 4u%#e $# 6 +$n #$ze# "*%$ e' 7 u'%" 13Z1) Z6 !+ $n a%%-7%a22e' &'"Je!t$"n e%a#t$! &a$n%e##*"'+at$"n 3Z3 !+ $# &a%&ate2. S&%een$# n"t en%a' e2.

7 A!ute "n#et *'"+ nau#ea &a$n $n a'$ ht &a't "* a72"+en $n!'ea#$n "**e e' u& t" 36 C. OE +"2e'ate

Jaun2$!e ta!h !a'2$a. S$ze# "* %$ e'7 u'%" 1) Z1) Z/ !+. &a%&at$"n $n

a%%-7%a22e' &'"Je!t$"n $# &a$n*u%.S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2.

! P'a2ua% "n#et *'"+ nau#ea &a$n $n

J"$nt# $t!h "* #>$n an2 %"## "*a&&et$te. OE Jaun2$!e "* #>$n $t#tu' "' $# n"'+a%. 4u%#e $# 6 +$n.S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" 13 Z1) Z6 !+.e2 e "* %$ e' $# #en#$t$ e "n&a%&at$"n. S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2.

2 A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%% *e e' u& t"36 6 C nau#ea 2$zz$ne## :ea>ne##.OE +"2e'ate Jaun2$!e te+&e'atu'e$# 3, C. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 1)) +$n.S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" 11 Z10 Z6 !+.$t# e2 e $# &a$n%e##. S&%een $#&a%&ate2 "n 3 !+. 7e%": %e*t !"#ta%a'!h. Anu'$a :$th$n 10 h"u'#.

). Ch"#e # +&t"+# t &$!a% *"' !h"%e%$t$a#$#a P'a2ua% "n#et *'"+ nau#ea 'a2ua%

%"## "* a&&et$te $n!'ea#$n $t!h$n "*#>$n. OE Jaun2$!e "* #>$n :$th#!'at!he# t'a!e#. S>$n tu' "' $#'e2u!e2. 4u%#e $# 6 +$n #$ze# "*%$ e' 7 u'%" 13Z1) Z6 !+ $n a%%-7%a22e' &'"Je!t$"n e%a#t$! &a$n%e##*"'+at$"n 3Z3 !+ $# &a%&ate2. S&%een$# n"t en%a' e2

7 A!ute "n#et *'"+ nau#ea &a$n $n a'$ ht &a't "* a72"+en $n!'ea#$n "**e e' u& t" 36 C. OE +"2e'ate

Jaun2$!e ta!h !a'2$a. S$ze# "* %$ e'

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7 u'%" 1) Z1) Z/ !+. &a%&at$"n $na%%-7%a22e' &'"Je!t$"n $# &a$n*u%.

S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2.! P'a2ua% "n#et *'"+ nau#ea &a$n $n

J"$nt# $t!h "* #>$n an2 %"## "*a&&et$te. OE Jaun2$!e "* #>$n $t#

tu' "' $# n"'+a%. 4u%#e $# 6 +$n.S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" 13 Z1) Z6 !+.e2 e "* %$ e' $# #en#$t$ e "n&a%&at$"n. S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2.

e . A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%% *e e' u& t"36 6C nau#ea 2$zz$ne## :ea>ne##.OE +"2e'ate Jaun2$!e te+&e'atu'e$# 3, C. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 1)) +$n.S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" 11 Z10 Z6 !+.$t# e2 e $# &a$n%e##. S&%een $#&a%&ate2 "n 3 !+. 7e%": %e*t !"#ta%a'!h. Anu'$a :$th$n 10 h"u'#.

3. Ch"#e # +&t"+# t &$!a% *"' tu+"' "*hea2 "* &an!'ea#

a P'a2ua% "n#et *'"+ nau#ea 'a2ua%%"## "* a&&et$te $n!'ea#$n $t!h$n "*#>$n. OE Jaun2$!e "* #>$n :$th#!'at!he# t'a!e#. S>$n tu' "' $#'e2u!e2. 4u%#e $# 6 +$n #$ze# "*%$ e' 7 u'%" 13Z1) Z6 !+ $n a%%-7%a22e' &'"Je!t$"n e%a#t$! &a$n%e##*"'+at$"n 3Z3 !+ $# &a%&ate2. S&%een$# n"t en%a' e2

7 A!ute "n#et *'"+ nau#ea &a$n $n a'$ ht &a't "* a72"+en $n!'ea#$n "*

*e e' u& t" 36 C. OE +"2e'ate Jaun2$!e ta!h !a'2$a. S$ze# "* %$ e'7 u'%" 1) Z1) Z/ !+. &a%&at$"n $n

a%%-7%a22e' &'"Je!t$"n $# &a$n*u%.S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2

! . P'a2ua% "n#et *'"+ nau#ea &a$n $n J"$nt# $t!h "* #>$n an2 %"## "*a&&et$te. OE Jaun2$!e "* #>$n $t#tu' "' $# n"'+a%. 4u%#e $# 6 +$n.S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" 13 Z1) Z6 !+.e2 e "* %$ e' $# #en#$t$ e "n&a%&at$"n. S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2

2 A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%% *e e' u& t"36 6C nau#ea 2$zz$ne## :ea>ne##.OE +"2e'ate Jaun2$!e te+&e'atu'e$# 3, C. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 1)) +$n.S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" 11 Z10 Z6 !+.$t# e2 e $# &a$n%e##. S&%een $#&a%&ate2 "n 3 !+. 7e%": %e*t !"#ta%a'!h. Anu'$a :$th$n 10 h"u'#..

. ?hat &ath" enet$! +e!han$#+# a'et &$!a% *"' !h"%e'a@ ()

a Deh 2'at$"n h &" "%e+$aa'te'$a% &'e##u'e 2e!'ea#$n 'e2u!t$"n "*'ena% B%t'at$"n

7 T" "* &"ta##$u+ $n 7%""2

2 In!'ea#$n "* :ate' an2 e%e!t'"% te##e!'et$"n a# a 'e#u%t "* a!t$ at$"n "* a2en$%at! !%aze an2 a!!u+u%at$"n "*

!A 4.5. ?hat 7a#$! !%$n$!a% # +&t"+# a'e!ha'a!te'$#t$! *"' !"%$t$! *"'+ "* #h$ e%%"#$#@

a P'a2ua% "n#et a7#en!e "*$nt"


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6. ?hat a'e the 7a#$! !%$n$!a% # +&t"+# "*!%$+a< &e'$"2 "* +a%a'$a $ ane##a2 na+$a &a%e #>$n #!ant '"#e"%a''u#h "n %ate'a% #u'*a!e# "* t'un>en%a' e+ent "* #&%een an2 %$ e'

! Fe e' "* 'e+$tt$n t &e !h$%%##$ n$B!ant :ea>ne## &ete!h$a%enanthe+a "n !"nJun!t$ a#"+et$+e# %$ e' $# en%a' e2

2 Fe e' "* $nte'+$tt$n t &e "n !%$+ane## &a%e #>$n *'"+the )-2 :ee> "* 2$#ea#e G %$;u$2 #t""% u& t")- t$+e# &e' 2a .1). ?hat # +&t"+# a'e +"#t t &$!a% *"'

a#t'"$nte#t$na% #a%+"ne%%"#$#@a A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%%

"+$t$n #h"'t-te'+ *e e' 2$ u#ea72"+$na% &a$n *'e;uent %$;u$2 #t""% :$th

'een$#h #t""% u& t" 15-)0 t$+e# &e' 2a7 A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%%

'e&eate2 "+$t$n #ha'& &a$n# $n e&$ a#t'$a*'e;uent 2e e%"&+ent "* !"%%ae %$;u$2#t""% u& t" -5 t$+e# &e' 2a *a#t!"n a%e#!en!e

! A!ute "n#et :$th %$;u$2 :ate'#t""% then "+$t$n n"'+a% 7"2te+&e'atu'e a7#en!e "* a72"+$na% &a$n"%$ u'$a

e P'a2ua% "n#et :$th %"n h$ h*e e' $n!'ea#$n :ea>ne## &a%e #>$n *'"+the )-2 :ee> "* 2$#ea#e G %$;u$2 #t""% u& t")- t$+e# &e' 2a .13. ?hat # +&t"+# a'e +"#t t &$!a% *"'+"2e'ate *"'+ "* !h"%e'a@

a A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%%"+$t$n #h"'t-te'+ *e e' 2$ u#e

a72"+$na% &a$n *'e;uent %$;u$2 #t""% :$th'een$#h #t""% u& t" 15-)0 t$+e# &e' 2a

7 A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%%'e&eate2 "+$t$n #ha'& &a$n# $n e&$ a#t'$a*'e;uent 2e e%"&+ent "* !"%%ae %$;u$2#t""% u& t" -5 t$+e# &e' 2a *a#t

!"n a%e#!en!e! A!ute "n#et :$th %$;u$2 :ate'#t""% then "+$t$n n"'+a% 7"2te+&e'atu'e a7#en!e "* a72"+$na% &a$n"%$ u'$a

e P'a2ua% "n#et :$th %"n h$ h*e e' $n!'ea#$n :ea>ne## &a%e #>$n *'"+the )-2 :ee> "* 2$#ea#e G %$;u$2 #t""% u& t")- t$+e# &e' 2a .1 . ?hat # +&t"+# a'e t &$!a% *"' t &h"$2*e e'@

a A!ute "n#et :$th *a#t $n!'ea#$n "*te+&e'atu'e :$th$n 1-) 2a # u& t"

3,- 0 C &e'#$#tent hea2a!he#%ee&%e##ne## eu&h"'$a. Fa!e $#

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h &e'e+$! #!%e'a a'e $nJe!te2#&%een $# $n!'ea#e2 #$n!e the 3-2a # *'"+ "n#et "* 2$#ea#e

7 P'a2ua% "n#et :$th #%": (:$th$n -52a # $n!'ea#$n "* 7"2te+&e'atu'e ene'a% :ea>ne##

#%ee&%e##ne## &a%e #>$n t"n ue $#th$!>ene2 :$th teeth &'$nt# 'e%at$ e7'a2 !a'2$a #&%een $# en%a' e2 #$n!ethe -/ 2a # *'"+ "n#et "* 2$#ea#e

! A!ute "n#et :$th$n #e e'a% h"u'#7"2 te+&e'atu'e 'ea!he# 36-3, C$# a!!"+&an$e2 :$th !h$%%# hea2a!he$n *"'ehea2 an2 te+&%e a'ea &a$n $ne e# na#a% "7#t'u!t$"n 2' !"u ht'a!hea% &a$n #&%een $# n"t en%a' e22 A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%% *a#t

$n!'ea#$n "* te+&e'atu'e u& t" 3,- 0 C:ea>ne## #:eat$n + a% $a# e.

7 P'a2ua% "n#et :$th #%":(:$th$n -5 2a # $n!'ea#$n "* 7"2te+&e'atu'e ene'a% :ea>ne###%ee&%e##ne## &a%e #>$n t"n ue $#th$!>ene2 :$th teeth &'$nt# 'e%at$ e7'a2 !a'2$a #&%een $# en%a' e2 #$n!e the -/ 2a # *'"+ "n#et "* 2$#ea#e

! A!ute "n#et :$th$n #e e'a%h"u'# 7"2 te+&e'atu'e 'ea!he# 36-3, C $#a!!"+&an$e2 :$th !h$%%# hea2a!he $n*"'ehea2 an2 te+&%e a'ea &a$n $n e e#na#a% "7#t'u!t$"n 2' !"u h t'a!hea% &a$n#&%een $# n"t en%a' e2

2 A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%% *a#t$n!'ea#$n "* te+&e'atu'e u& t" 3,- 0 C:ea>ne## #:eat$n + a% $a# e

1 . ?hat # +&t"+# a'e t &$!a% *"' $n$t$a%&e'$"2 "* a!ute =-*e e'

a A!ute "n#et :$th *a#t$n!'ea#$n "* te+&e'atu'e :$th$n 1-) 2a #

u& t" 3,- 0 C &e'#$#tent hea2a!he#%ee&%e##ne## eu&h"'$a. Fa!e $# h &e'e+$!

e##e%# "* #!%e'a a'e $nJe!te2 #&%een $#$n!'ea#e2 #$n!e the 3- 2a # *'"+ "n#et "*2$#ea#e

7 P'a2ua% "n#et :$th #%":(:$th$n -5 2a # $n!'ea#$n "* 7"2te+&e'atu'e ene'a% :ea>ne###%ee&%e##ne## &a%e #>$n t"n ue $#th$!>ene2 :$th teeth &'$nt# 7'a2 !a'2$a#&%een $# en%a' e2 #$n!e the -/ 2a # *'"+"n#et "* 2$#ea#e

! A!ute "n#et :$th$n #e e'a%h"u'# 7"2 te+&e'atu'e 'ea!he# 36-3, C $#a!!"+&an$e2 :$th !h$%%# hea2a!he $n*"'ehea2 an2 te+&%e a'ea &a$n $n e e#na#a% "7#t'u!t$"n 2' !"u h t'a!hea% &a$n#&%een $# n"t en%a' e2

2 A!ute "n#et :$th !h$%% *a#t$n!'ea#$n "* te+&e'atu'e u& t" 3,- 0 C:ea>ne## #:eat$n + a% $a# e

a A!ute "n#et ene'a%hea2a!he &a$n $n th'"at *e e' 36 - 0 C2$##e+$nate2 % +&h"a2en"&ath +u!"u#

"* th'"at $# h &e'e+$! the'e a'e ea#'e+" e2 :h$te- e%%": &u'u%ent +e+7'ane#$n %a!una# "* t"n#$%# en%a' e+ent "* #&%een

7 A!ute 7e $nn$n #t'"nhea2a!he &a$n $n th'"at "n #:a%%":$n*e e' 3,- 0 C +u!"u# "* th'"at $#h &e'e+$! the'e a'e ea# 'e+" e2 'a -

e%%": &u'u%ent +e+7'ane# $n %a!una# "*t"n#$%# Ju u%a' % +&h n"2e# a'e $n!'ea#e2an2 #ha'&% &a$n*u%

! A!ute 7e $nn$n +"2e'ate&a$n $n a th'"at *e e' u& t" 36 C +u!"u# "* th'"at $# h &e'e+$! the'e a'e :h$te !"%"'e2ha'2% 'e+" e2 +e+7'ane# "n t"n#$%##%$ ht% $n!'ea#e2 an2 +"2e'ate% &a$n*u%

Ju u%a' % +&h n"2e#2 A!ute "n#et *e e' u& t" 36-

0 C +u!"u# "* th'"at $# +"2e'ate%h &e'e+$! the'e $# !'ate'-%$>e u%!e' :$th&u'u%ent !"ntent "n %e*t t"n#$% 'e $"na%% +&h n"2e# a'e #%$ ht% en%a' e2.16. Ch""#e # +&t"+# t &$!a% *"' $n*e!t$"u#+"n"nu!%e"#$#

a A!ute "n#et ene'a%hea2a!he &a$n $n th'"at *e e' 36- 0 C

2$##e+$nate2 % +&h"a2en"&ath +u!"u#"* th'"at $# h &e'e+$! the'e a'e ea#

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'e+" e2 :h$te- e%%": &u'u%ent +e+7'ane#$n %a!una# "* t"n#$%# that +"'e than /-12a # 2"e# n"t 2$#a&&ea' en%a' e+ent "*#&%een

7 A!ute 7e $nn$n #t'"nhea2a!he &a$n $n th'"at "n #:a%%":$n

*e e' 3,- 0 C +u!"u# "* th'"at $#h &e'e+$! the'e a'e ea# 'e+" e2 'a -



Ju u%a' % +&h n"2e#2 A!ute "n#et *e e' u& t" 36 -

0 C +u!"u# "* th'"at $# +"2e'ate%h &e'e+$! the'e $# !'ate'-%$>e u%!e' :$th&u'u%ent !"ntent "n %e*t t"n#$% 'e $"na%% +&h n"2e# a'e #%$ ht% en%a' e2.1,. Ch""#e # +&t"+# t &$!a% *"' a!utet"n#$%%$t$#

a A!ute "n#et ene'a%hea2a!he &a$n $n th'"at *e e' 36 - 0 C2$##e+$nate2 % +&h"a2en"&ath +u!"u#"* th'"at $# h &e'e+$! the'e a'e ea#'e+" e2 :h$te- e%%": &u'u%ent +e+7'ane#$n %a!una# "* t"n#$%# en%a' e+ent "* #&%een

7 A!ute 7e $nn$n #t'"n

hea2a!he &a$n $n th'"at "n #:a%%":$n*e e' 3,- 0 C +u!"u# "* th'"at $#h &e'e+$! the'e a'e ea# 'e+" e2 'a -



Ju u%a' % +&h n"2e#2 A!ute "n#et *e e' u& t" 36 -

0 C +u!"u# "* th'"at $# +"2e'ate%h &e'e+$! the'e $# !'ate'-%$>e u%!e' :$th&u'u%ent !"ntent "n %e*t t"n#$% 'e $"na%% +&h n"2e# a'e #%$ ht% en%a' e2.)0. ?hat # +&t"+# a'e t &$!a% *"' $n$t$a%&e'$"2 "* t &h"$2 *e e'@

a A!ute 7e $nn$n :$th$n!'ea#$n "* 7"2 te+&e'atu'e :$th$n 1-)2a # u& t" 3,- 0 C &e'#$#tent hea2a!he#%ee&%e##ne## an$nt"n ue $# th$!>ene2 :$th &'$nt# "* teeth'e%at$ e 7'a2 !a'2$a #&%een $# en%a' e2#$n!e the -/ 2a "* 2$#ea#e

! A!ute 7e $nn$n "* 2$#ea#e:$th$n #e e'a% h"u'# te+&e'atu'e 'ea!he#36-3, C a!!"+&an$e2 :$th !h$%% hea2a!he$n *"'ehea2 an2 te+&%e a'ea &a$n $n e e##t$ ne## "* a n"#e 2' !"u h &a$n "nt'a!hea &'"Je!t$"n. S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2.

2 A!ute 7e $nn$n "* 2$#ea#e:$th !h$%% *a#t $n!'ea#e "* te+&e'atu'e u& t"3,- 0 C :ea>ne## #:eat$n + a% $a#e$n t"n ue $#th$!>ene2 :$th &'$nt# "* teeth 'e%at$ e7'a2 !a'2$a #&%een $# en%a' e2 #$n!e the -/ 2a "* 2$#ea#e


2 A!ute 7e $nn$n "* 2$#ea#e:$th !h$%% *a#t $n!'ea#e "* te+&e'atu'e u& t"3,- 0 C :ea>ne## #:eat$n + a% $a#e

a A!ute 7e $nn$n :$th$n!'ea#$n "* 7"2 te+&e'atu'e :$th$n 1-)2a # u& t" 3,- 0 C &e'#$#tent hea2a!he

#%ee&%e##ne## an


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7 P'a2ua% "n#et :$th #%":(:$th$n -5 2a # $n!'ea#e "* te+&e'atu'e

ene'a% a2 na+$a #%ee&%e##ne## &a%e #>$nt"n ue $# th$!>ene2 :$th &'$nt# "* teeth'e%at$ e 7'a2 !a'2$a #&%een $# en%a' e2#$n!e the -/ 2a "* 2$#ea#e


2 A!ute 7e $nn$n "* 2$#ea#e:$th !h$%% *a#t $n!'ea#e "* te+&e'atu'e u& t"3,- 0 C :ea>ne## #:eat$n + a% $a#e

7 A!ute "n#et $n!'ea#e "*te+&e'atu'e u& t" 36 5-3, C "+$t$n 3-t$+e# #&a#t$! a72"+$na% &a$n $n %e*th &" a#t'$a &%ent$*u% %$;u$2 #t""% :$tha2+$$n $# &a%e#%$ ht Jaun2$!e. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t"1 0 +$n. S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" G

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1) Z11 Z, !+. #&%een $# &a%&ate2 "n !+. 7e%": e2 e "* !"#ta% a'!h

7 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##. Te+&e'atu'e G 3/ ) C. '$ ht Jaun2$!e#$n %e &ete!h$a% 'a#h. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t",6 +$n. S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" G 6 Z6 Z/!+.. S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2

! 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##. Te+&e'atu'e G 3 1 C. S>$n $# &a%e 2' . Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 110 +$n. S$ze# "*%$ e' 7 u'%" 10Z, Z6 !+. S&%een $#n"t en%a' e2

2 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##. Te+&e'atu'e G 36 5 C. S>$n $# "* %$ ht-&$n> !"%"' an2 &%ent$*u% he+"''ha $!'a#h $# &'e#ente2. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t"130 +$n. L$ e' an2 #&%een a'e n"ten%a' e2.

30. ?hat a'e the +a$n # +&t"+# "*h &e' % !e+$! !"+a@a 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##.

Te+&e'atu'e $# 3, 6 C. S>$n $# &a%e#%$ ht Jaun2$!e. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t"1 6 +$n. S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" G1) Z11 Z, !+. #&%een $# &a%&ate2 "n

!+. 7e%": e2 e "* !"#ta% a'!h7 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##.

Te+&e'atu'e $# 3/ ) C. '$ ht Jaun2$!e an2#$n %e &ete!h$a% 'a#h. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t",6 +$n. S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" G 6 Z6 Z/ !+..S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2

! 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##. Te+&e'atu'e $# 3 1 C. S>$n $# &a%e 2' . Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 110 +$n. S$ze# "* %$ e' 7

u'%" 10Z, Z6 !+. S&%een $# n"t en%a' e22 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##.

Te+&e'atu'e $# 36 5 C. S>$n $# "* %$ ht &$n>!"%"'an2 &%ent$*u% he+"''ha $! 'a#h $#&'e#ent. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 130 +$n. L$ e'an2 #&%een a'e n"t en%a' e2.31. ?hat a'e the +a$n # +&t"+# "* +a%a'$a%!"+a@

a 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##.

Te+&e'atu'e $# 3, 6 C. S>$n $# &a%e #%$ ht Jaun2$!e. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 1 6 +$n. S$ze#"* %$ e' 7 u'%" G 1) Z11 Z, !+. #&%een $#&a%&ate2 "n !+. 7e%": e2 e "* !"#ta%a'!h

7 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##. Te+&e'atu'e $# 3/ ) C. '$ ht Jaun2$!e an2#$n %e &ete!h$a% 'a#h. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t",6 +$n. S$ze# "* %$ e' 7 u'%" G 6 Z6 Z/ !+..S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2

! 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##. Te+&e'atu'e $# 3 1 C. S>$n $# &a%e 2' . Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 110 +$n. S$ze# "* %$ e' 7

u'%" 10Z, Z6 !+. S&%een $# n"t en%a' e2

2 4at$ent $# un!"n#!$"u#ne##. Te+&e'atu'e $# 36 5 C. S>$n $# "* %$ ht &$n>!"%"' an2 &%ent$*u% he+"''ha $! 'a#h $#&'e#ente2. Ta!h !a'2$a u& t" 130 +$n. L$ e'an2 #&%een a'e n"t en%a' e2.3). ?hat a'e the t &$!a% # +&t"+# "* $n$t$a%&e'$"2 "* eu2"-tu7e'!u%"#$#@

a A!ute "n#et $n )- h"u'# 7"2te+&e'atu'e 'ea!he# 36-3, Ce $# h &e'e+$! an2

$!te'$! #!%e'$t$# &ete!h$a% 'a#h a'e&'e#ent %$ e' an2 #&%een a'e en%a' e2.O%$ u'$a.

! A!ute "n#et "n the )-3 2a "* 2$#ea#ete+&e'atu'e 'ea!he# 0 C hea2a!he%"## "* a&&et$te &a$n $n a th'"at %$;u$2#t""% 3-5 t$+e# &e' 2a . S>$n "* *a!ene!> &a%+# an2 *eet a'e h &e'e+$!&a%e na#a% t'$an %e. L$ e' an2 #&%eena'e en%a' e2. U'$ne &a##a e

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MCQ_adults_infection_2[1] (1).docx