Madrid

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Madrid

MadridVilla de Madrid

Top leftAlcala Gate in Retiro area Top middleCampo del Moro Garden and Royal Palace in Bailen area Top rightMadrid City Hall in Plaza deCibeles 2nd View of Alacala and Gran Via street 3rd leftPrado Museum 3rd middleStatue of Bear and Madrono in Puerta del Sol Square 3rd

rightCervantes Institute Foundation Headquarter in Alcala area BottomView of Royal Palace and Almudena Cathedral

FlagCoat of arms

Motto laquoFui sobre agua edificadamis muros de fuego son

Esta es mi insignia y blasoacutenraquo(On water I was built

my walls are made of fireThis is my ensign and escutcheon)[1][2]

Nickname(s) La capital La Conventual La capital del reino Villa y Corte la Villa Los Madriles MAD Madrid City Madrid Capital

MadridLocation of Madrid within Spain

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MadridMap of Madrid

Coordinates 40deg23primeN 3deg43primeW

Country Spain

Region Community of Madrid

Founded IX Century[3]

Government

bull Type Mayor-council

bull Body Ayuntamiento de Madrid

bull Mayor Ana Botella (PP)

bull City 60577 km2 (23389 sq mi)

Elevation 667 m (2188 ft)

Population (2011)

bull City 3265038

bull Rank 1st

bull Density 5390km2 (14000sq mi)

bull Urban 6489680

bull Metro 7254321

Demonym Madrilenianmadrilentildeo (m) madrilentildea (f)matritense

Time zone CET (UTC+1)

bull Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)

Postal code 28001ndash28080

Area code(s) 34 (Spain) + 91 (Madrid)

Patron Saints Isidore the LaborerVirgin of Almudena

Website wwwmunimadrides [4]

Madrid (English məˈdrɪd Spanish [maˈethɾieth]) is the capital and largest city of Spain The population of the city is roughly 33 million[5] and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 65 million The

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population of the great Madrid is calculated in 72 million[6] It is the third-largest city in the European Union afterLondon and Berlin and its metropolitan area is the third-largest in the European Union after London andParis[7][8][9][10] The city spans a total of 6043 km2 (2333 sq mi)[11]

The city is located on the Manzanares river in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid (whichcomprises the city of Madrid its conurbation and extended suburbs and villages) this community is bordered by theautonomous communities of Castile and Leoacuten and Castile-La ManchaAs the capital city of Spain seat of government and residence of the Spanish monarch Madrid is also the politicalcentre of Spain[12] The current mayor is Ana Botella from the Peoples Party (PP)The Madrid urban agglomeration has the third-largest GDP[13] in the European Union and its influences in politicseducation entertainment environment media fashion science culture and the arts all contribute to its status as oneof the worlds major global cities[14][15] Due to its economic output high standard of living and market size Madridis considered the major financial centre of Southern Europe[16][17] and the Iberian Peninsula it hosts the head officesof the vast majority of the major Spanish companies such as Telefoacutenica Iberia or Repsol Madrid is the mosttouristic city of Spain the third in the EU the fourth-most touristic of the continent and the seventh in the worldaccording to Forbes Is the 10th most livable city in the world according to Monocle magazine in its 2010index[18][19] Madrid also ranks among the 12 greenest European cities in 2010[20] Madrid is currently a CandidateCity for the 2020 Summer Olympics[21]

Madrid houses the headquarters of the World Tourism Organization (WTO) belonging to the United NationsOrganization (UN) the SEGIB and the Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI) It also hosts majorinternational institutions regulators of Spanish the Standing Committee of the Association of Spanish LanguageAcademies headquarters of the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) the Cervantes Institute and the Foundation ofUrgent Spanish (Fundeacuteu) Madrid organizes fairs as FITUR[22] ARCO[23] SIMO TCI [24] and the Cibeles MadridFashion Week[25]

While Madrid possesses a modern infrastructure it has preserved the look and feel of many of its historicneighbourhoods and streets Its landmarks include the Royal Palace of Madrid the Teatro Real (Royal theatre) withits restored 1850 Opera House the Buen Retiro Park founded in 1631 the 19th-century National Library building(founded in 1712) containing some of Spains historical archives a large number of National museums[26] and theGolden Triangle of Art located along the Paseo del Prado and comprising three art museums Prado Museum theMuseo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofiacutea a museum of modern art and the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum whichcompletes the shortcomings of the other two museums[27]

In the years the Cibeles Palace and Fountain have become the monument symbol of the city[28][29][30]

History

Toponym

Alcalaacute Street and the Metropolis Building

There are several theories regarding the origin of the name MadridAccording to legend Madrid was founded by Ocno Bianor (son of KingTyrrhenius of Tuscany and Mantua) and was named Metragirta orMantua Carpetana Others contend that the original name of the citywas Ursaria (land of bears in Latin) because of the many bears thatwere to be found in the nearby forests which together with thestrawberry tree (Spanish madrontildeo) have been the emblem of the cityfrom the Middle Ages[3]

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The most ancient recorded name of the city Magerit (for Materit or Mageterit ) comes from the name of afortress built on the Manzanares River in the 9th century AD and means Place of abundant water[31] If the form iscorrect it could be a Celtic place-name from ritu- ford (Old Welsh rit Welsh rhyd Old Breton rit Old NorthernFrench roy) and a first element that is not clearly identified mageto derivation of magos field plain (Old Irishmag field Breton ma place) or matu bear that could explain the Latin translation Ursalia[32]

Nevertheless it is now commonly believed that the origin of the current name of the city comes from the 2nd centuryBC The Roman Empire established a settlement on the banks of the Manzanares river The name of this first villagewas Matrice (a reference to the river that crossed the settlement) Following the invasions carried out by theGermanic Sueves and Vandals as well as the Sarmatic Alans during the 5th century AD the Roman Empire nolonger had the military presence required to defend its territories on the Iberian Peninsula and as a consequencethese territories were soon occupied by the Vandals who were in turn dispelled by the Visigoths who then ruledHispania in the name of the Roman emperor also taking control of Matrice In the 7th century the Islamicconquest of the Iberian Peninsula saw the name changed to Mayrit from the Arabic term ميرا Mayra (referencingwater as a trees or giver of life) and the Ibero-Roman suffix it that means place The modern Madridevolved from the Mozarabic Matrit which is still in the Madrilenian gentilic[33]

Middle AgesAlthough the site of modern-day Madrid has been occupied since prehistoric times[34][35] and there arearcheological remains of a small Visigoth basilica near the church of Santa Mariacutea de la Almudena[3][36] and twovisigoth necropolises near Casa de campo and Tetuacutean the first historical certainty about the existence of anestablished settlement in Madrid dates from the Muslim age At the second half of the 9th century[37] EmirMuhammad I of Coacuterdoba built a fortress on a headland near the river Manzanares[38] as one of the many fortress heordered to be built on the border between Al-Andalus and the kingdoms of Leoacuten and Castile with the objective ofprotecting Toledo from the Christian invasions and also as a starting point for Muslim offensives After thedisintegration of the Caliphate of Coacuterdoba Madrid was integrated in the Taifa of ToledoWith the surrender of Toledo by Alfonso VI of Leoacuten and Castile the city was conquered by Christians in 1085 andit was integrated into the kingdom of Castile as a property of the Crown[39] Christians replaced Muslims in theoccupation of the center of the city while Muslims and Jews settled in the suburbs The city was thriving and wasgiven the title of villa whose administrative district extended from the Jarama in the east to the river Guadarramain the west The government of the town was vested to the neighboring of Madrid since 1346 when king Alfonso XIof Castile implements the regiment for which only the local oligarchy was taking sides in city decisions[40] Since1188 Madrid won the right to be a city with representation in the courts of Castile In 1202 King Alfonso VIII ofCastile gave Madrid its first charter to regulate the municipal council[41] which was expanded in 1222 by FernandoIII of CastileThe first time the Courts of Castile were joined in Madrid was in 1309 under Ferdinand IV of Castile and later in1329 1339 1391 1393 1419 and twice in 1435 Since the unification of the kingdoms of Spain under a commonCrown the Courts were convened in Madrid more often

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Modern Age

View of Madrid from the west facing the Puerta de la Vega (1562) by Anton Van der Wyngaerde (called in Spain Antonio de las Vintildeas)commissioned by Philip II to collect views of his cities Is seen in the foreground the banks of the Manzanares crossed by the predecessors to the

Segovia Bridge (in the first third) and the Toledo Bridge (further south right) which was built in a monumental form years later The mostprominent building in the north (left) is the Alcaacutezar which was part of the walled circuit and which would undergo several fires until the fatal one in1734 that almost completely destroyed it and was replaced by the current Palacio Real The following churches are seen in the village (from left to

right San Gil San Juan Santiago San Salvador Iglesia de San Miguel de los Octoes San Nicolaacutes Santa Mariacutea San Justo San Pedro la Capilla delObispo San Andreacutes and outside the walls San Francisco) that do not yet have even the profile of domes and chapiters by which they would be

characterized in the following centuries Outside the walls and on the river there is a craft facility dedicated to the treatment of hides the PozachoTanneries The recent installation of the court imposed a regaliacutea de aposento tax on private houses which produced all kinds of resistance including

most notably the construction of casas a la malicia[42]

Plaza Mayor

During the revolt of the Comuneros led by Juan de Zapata Madridjoined the revolt against Emperor Charles V of Germany and I ofSpain but after defeat at the Battle of Villalar Madrid was besiegedand occupied by the royal troops However Charles I was generous tothe town and gaves it the titles of Coronada (Crowned) andImperial When Francis I of France was captured at the battle ofPavia he was imprisoned in Madrid And in the village is dated theTreaty of Madrid of 1526 (later denounced by the French) that resolvedtheir situation[43]

Puerta de Alcalaacute

In June 1561 when the town had 30000 inhabitants Philip II of Spainmoved his court from Toledo to Madrid installing it in the oldcastle[44] Thanks to this the city of Madrid became the political centerof the monarchy being the capital of Spain except for a short periodbetween 1601 to 1606 (Philip III of Spain government) in which theCourt translates to Valladolid This fact was decisive for the evolutionof the city and influenced its fate A famous expression indicated thatidentity Soacutelo Madrid es corte (Madrid is the only court) whichconceptually is also understood backwards Madrid es soacutelo corte(Madrid is just court)

During the reign of Philip III andPhilip IV of Spain Madrid saw a period of exceptional cultural brilliance with thepresence of geniuses such as Miguel de Cervantes Diego Velaacutezquez Francisco de Quevedo and Lope de Vega[45]

The death of Charles II of Spain resulted in the War of the Spanish succession The city supported the claim of Philipof Anjou as Philip V While the city was occupied in 1706 by a Portuguese army who proclaimed king theArchduke Charles of Austria under the name of Charles III and again in 1710 remained loyal to Philip V

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Philip V built the Royal Palace the Royal Tapestry Factory and the main Royal Academies[46] But the mostimportant Bourbon was King Charles III of Spain who was known as the best major of Madrid Charles III tookupon himself the feat of transforming Madrid into a capital worthy of this category He ordered the construction ofsewers street lighting cemeteries outside the city and many monuments (Puerta de Alcalaacute Cibeles Fountain) andcultural institutions (El Prado Museum Royal Botanic Gardens Royal Observatory etc) Despite being known asone of the greatest benefactors of Madrid its beginnings were not entirely peaceful as in 1766 had to overcome theEsquilache Riots a traditionalist revolt instigated by the nobility and clergy against reformist intentions that broughtCharles IIIdemanding the repeal of the clothing decree ordering the shortening of the layers and the prohibition ofthe use of hats hide the face with the aim of reducing crime in the city[47]

The reign of Charles IV of Spain is not very meaningful to Madrid except for the presence of Goya in the Courtwhich portrayed the popular and courtly life of the city

From 19th century to present day

Plaza de Cibeles

On 27 October 1807 Charles IV and Napoleon I signed the Treaty ofFontainebleau which allowed the passage of French troops throughSpanish territory to join the Spanish troops and invade Portugal whichhad refused to obey the order of blockade international againstEngland As this was happening there was the Mutiny of Aranjuez (17March 1808) by which the crown prince Ferdinand VII replaced hisfather as king However when Ferdinand VII returned to Madrid thecity was already occupied by Joachim-Napoleacuteon Murat so that boththe king and his father were virtually prisoners of the French armyNapoleon taking advantage of the weakness of the Spanish Bourbonsforcing both first the father then the son to join him in Bayonnewhere Ferdinand arrived on 20 April

In the absence of the two kings the situation became more and more tense in the capital On 2 May a crowd beganto concentrate at the Royal Palace The crowd saw the French soldiers pulled out of the palace to the royal familymembers who were still in the palace Immediately the crowd launched an assault on the floats The fight lastedhours and spread throughout Madrid Subsequent repression was brutal In the Paseo del Prado and in the fields of LaMoncloa hundreds of patriots were shot due to Murats order against Spanish all carrying arms Paintings such asThe Third of May 1808 by Goya reflect the repression that ended the popular uprising on 2 May[48]

The Peninsular War against Napoleon despite the last absolutist claims during the reign of Ferdinand VII gave birthto a new country with a liberal and bourgeois character open to influences coming from the rest of Europe Madridthe capital of Spain experience like no other city the changes caused by this opening and filled with theaters cafesand newspapers Madrid is frequently altered by revolutionary outbreaks and pronouncements such as Vicaacutelvaro1854 led by General Leopoldo ODonnell and initiating the progressive biennium However in the early-20thcentury Madrid looked more a small town than a modern city During the first third of the 20th century thepopulation nearly doubled reaching more than 950000 inhabitants New suburbs such as Las Ventas Tetuaacuten or ElCarmen became the homes of the influx of workers while Ensanche became a middle-class neighbourhood ofMadrid[49]

The Spanish Constitution of 1931 was the first legislated on the state capital setting it explicitly in MadridMadrid was one of the most heavily affected cities of Spain in the Civil War (1936ndash1939) The city was a strongholdof the Republicans from July 1936 Its western suburbs were the scene of an all-out battle in November 1936 and itwas during the Civil War that Madrid became the first European city to be bombed by airplanes (Japan was the firstto bomb civilians in world history at Shanghai in 1932) specifically targeting civilians in the history of warfare (SeeSiege of Madrid (1936ndash39))[50]

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Torrespantildea

During the economic boom in Spain from 1959 to 1973 the city experiencedunprecedented extraordinary development in terms of population and wealthbecoming the largest GDP city in Spain and ranking third in Western EuropeThe municipality is extended annexing neighbouring council districts toachieve the present extension of 607 km2 (23436 sq mi) The south of Madridbecame very industrialized and there were massive migrations from ruralareas of Spain into the city Madrids newly built north-western districtsbecame the home of the new thriving middle class that appeared as result ofthe 1960s Spanish economic boom while south-eastern periphery became anextensive working-class settlement which was the base for an active culturaland political reform[50]

Monuments of the city

After the death of Franco and the democratic regime the 1978constitution confirms Madrid as the capital of Spain In 1979 the firstmunicipal elections bring democracy to Madrids first democraticallyelected mayor since the Second Republic Madrid was the scene ofsome of the most important events of the time as the massdemonstrations of support for democracy after the foiled coup 23-Fon 3 February 1981 The first democratic mayors belong to the leftist parties (Enrique Tierno Galvaacuten JuanBarranco) turning the city after more conservative positions (Agustin Rodriguez Sahagun Jose Maria Alvarez delManzano Alberto Ruiz-Gallardoacuten and Ana Botella) Benefiting from increasing prosperity in the 1980s and 1990sthe capital city of Spain has consolidated its position as an important economic cultural industrial educational andtechnological centre on the European continent[50]

Government

City Hall of Madrid

The City Council consists of 57 members one of them being the Mayorcurrently Ana Botella The Mayor presides over the Council

The Plenary of the Council is the body of political representation of thecitizens in the municipal government Some of its attributions are fiscalmatters the election and deposition of the Mayor the approval andmodification of decrees and regulations the approval of budgets theagreements related to the limits and alteration of the municipal term theservices management the participation in supramunicipal organizationsetc[51] Nowadays mayoral team consists of the Mayor the Deputy Mayor and 8 Delegates all of them form TheBoard of Delegates (the Municipal Executive Committee)[52]

Madrid has tended to be a stronghold of the Peoples Party which has controlled the citys mayoralty since 1989 Inthe 2007 regional and local elections the conservative Peoples Party (PP right-wing political party)

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Temple of Debod on a winter day

obtained 34 seats the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE centre-leftpolitical party) obtained 18 and United Left (IU left political party) obtained5

Alberto Ruiz-Gallardoacuten Jimeacutenez has been in office since 2003 when he leftthe Presidency of the Autonomous Community of Madrid and stood as thecandidate to replace outgoing mayor Joseacute Mariacutea Aacutelvarez del Manzano alsofrom the PP In the last local elections of 2007 Ruiz-Gallardoacuten increased thePP majority in the City Council to 34 seats out of 57 taking 555 of thepopular vote and winning in all but two districts

Geography

ClimateThe Madrid region features a Mediterranean climate[53] (Koumlppen Csa)[54] with cold winters due its altitude of (650 m(2133 ft) above sea level in Alicante) including sporadic snowfalls and minimum temperatures often belowfreezing Summers are hot with temperatures that consistently surpass 30 degC (86 degF) in July and August and rarelyabove 40 degC (104 degF) Due to Madrids altitude and dry climate diurnal ranges are often significant during thesummer Precipitation is concentrated in the autumn and spring It is particularly sparse during the summer takingthe form of about two showers andor thunderstorms a month

Climate data for Madrid Parque del Retiro in the city centre

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year

Average high degC (degF) 97(495)

120(536)

157(603)

175(635)

214(705)

269(804)

312(882)

307(873)

260(788)

190(662)

134(561)

101(502)

194(669)

Daily mean degC (degF) 62(432)

79(462)

107(513)

124(543)

161(61)

210(698)

248(766)

245(761)

205(689)

146(583)

97(495)

70(446)

146(583)

Average low degC (degF) 26(367)

37(387)

56(421)

72(45)

107(513)

151(592)

184(651)

182(648)

150(59)

102(504)

60(428)

38(388)

97(495)

Precipitation mm (inches) 37(146)

35(138)

26(102)

47(185)

52(205)

25(098)

15(059)

10(039)

28(11)

49(193)

56(22)

436(1717)

Avg precipitation days (ge1 mm)

6 6 5 7 8 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 63

Mean monthly sunshinehours

148 157 214 231 272 310 359 335 261 198 157 124 2769

Source Agencia Estatal de Meteorologiacutea[55]

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Climate data for Madrid-Barajas Airport 9 km (559 mi) from the citys financial district

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Source Agencia Estatal de Meteorologiacutea[56] date=November 2011

Water supplyMadrid derives almost 75 percent of its water supply from dams and reservoirs built on the Lozoya River such as theEl Atazar Dam

Demography

Year whoa Municipality Community

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

The population of Madrid generally increased from when the city became the national capital in the mid-16thcentury and stabilised at about 3 million from the 1970s

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From around 1970 until the mid 1990s the citys population dropped This phenomenon which also affected otherEuropean cities was caused in part by the growth of satellite suburbs at the expense of the downtown Anotherreason might have been the slowdown in the rate of growth of the European economyThe demographic boom accelerated in the late 1990s and early first decade of the 21st century due to internationalimmigration in response to a surge in Spanish economic growth According to census data the population of the citygrew by 271856 between 2001 and 2005As the capital city of Spain the city has attracted many immigrants from around the world About 838 of theinhabitants are Spaniards while people of other origins including immigrants from Latin America Europe AsiaNorth Africa and West Africa represented 162 of the population in 2007[58]

The ten largest immigrant groups include Ecuadorian 104184 Romanian 52875 Bolivian 44044 Colombian35971 Peruvian 35083 Chinese 34666 Moroccan 32498 Dominican 19602 Brazilian 14583 andParaguayan 14308 There are also important communities of Filipinos Equatorial Guineans Bulgarians IndiansItalians Argentines Senegalese and Poles[58]

Districts that host the largest number of immigrants are Usera (2837) Centro (2687) Carabanchel (2272)and Tetuaacuten (2154) Districts that host the smallest number are Fuencarral-El Pardo (927) Retiro (964) andChamartiacuten (1174)

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DistrictsMadrid is administratively divided into 21 districts which are further subdivided into 128 wards (barrios)

Madrid districts The numbers correspond with the list inthe left

1 Centro Palacio Embajadores Cortes Justicia Universidad Sol2 Arganzuela Imperial Acacias La Chopera Legazpi Delicias Palos de Moguer Atocha3 Retiro Paciacutefico Adelfas Estrella Ibiza Jeroacutenimos Nintildeo Jesuacutes4 Salamanca Recoletos Goya Parque de las Avenidas Fuente del Berro Guindalera Lista Castellana5 Chamartiacuten El Viso Prosperidad Ciudad Jardiacuten Hispanoameacuterica Nueva Espantildea Castilla6 Tetuaacuten Bellas Vistas Cuatro Caminos Castillejos Almenara Valdeacederas Berruguete7 Chamberiacute Gaztambide Arapiles Trafalgar Almagro Vallehermoso Riacuteos Rosas8 Fuencarral-El Pardo El Pardo Fuentelarreina Pentildeagrande Barrio del Pilar La Paz Valverde Mirasierra El

Goloso9 Moncloa-Aravaca Casa de Campo Arguumlelles Ciudad Universitaria Valdezarza Valdemariacuten El Plantiacuteo

Aravaca10 Latina Los Caacutermenes Puerta del Aacutengel Lucero Aluche Las Aacuteguilas Campamento Cuatro Vientos

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11 Carabanchel Comillas Opantildeel San Isidro Vista Alegre Puerta Bonita Buenavista Abrantes12 Usera Orcasitas Orcasur San Fermiacuten Almendrales Moscardoacute Zofiacuteo Pradolongo13 Puente de Vallecas Entreviacuteas San Diego Palomeras Bajas Palomeras Sureste Portazgo Numancia14 Moratalaz Pavones Horcajo Marroquina Media Legua Fontarroacuten Vinateros15 Ciudad Lineal Ventas Pueblo Nuevo Quintana La Concepcioacuten San Pascual San Juan Bautista Colina

Atalaya Costillares16 Hortaleza Palomas Valdefuentes Canillas Pinar del Rey Apoacutestol Santiago Piovera17 Villaverde San Andreacutes San Cristoacutebal Butarque Los Rosales Los Aacutengeles18 Villa de Vallecas Casco Histoacuterico de Vallecas Santa Eugenia19 Vicaacutelvaro Casco Histoacuterico de Vicaacutelvaro Ambroz20 San Blas Simancas Helliacuten Amposta Arcos Rosas Rejas Canillejas Salvador21 Barajas Alameda de Osuna Aeropuerto Casco Histoacuterico de Barajas Timoacuten Corralejos

Metropolitan areaThe Madrid metropolitan area comprises the city of Madrid and forty surrounding municipalities It has a populationof slightly more than 6271 million people[6] and covers an area of 46097 kmsup2 It is the largest metropolitan area inSpain and the third largest in European Union[7][8][9][10]

As with many metropolitan areas of similar size two distinct zones of urbanisation can be distinguishedbull Inner ring (primera corona) Alcorcoacuten Leganeacutes Getafe Moacutestoles Fuenlabrada Coslada Alcobendas Pozuelo

de Alarcoacuten San Fernando de Henaresbull Outer ring (segunda corona) Villaviciosa de Odoacuten Parla Pinto Valdemoro Rivas-Vaciamadrid Torrejoacuten de

Ardoz Alcalaacute de Henares San Sebastiaacuten de los Reyes Tres Cantos Las Rozas de Madrid MajadahondaBoadilla del Monte

The largest suburbs are to the South and in general along the main routes leading out of MadridSubmetropolitan areas inside Madrid metropolitan area

Madrid submetropolitan areas

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Submetropolitan area Area(kmsup2)

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Madrid ndash Majadahonda 9961 3580828 35950

Moacutestoles ndash Alcorcoacuten 3151 430349 13656

Fuenlabrada ndash Leganeacutes ndash Getafe ndash Parla ndash Pinto ndash Valdemoro 9317 822806 8831

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Arganda del Rey ndash Rivas-Vaciamadrid 3436 115344 3357

Alcalaacute de Henares ndash Torrejoacuten de Ardoz 5146 360380 7003

Colmenar Viejo ndash Tres Cantos 4191 104650 2497

Collado Villalba 8231 222769 2706

Madrid metropolitan area 46097 5843031 12676

Cityscape

Architecture

St Jerome church view from the north angle

Very little medieval architecture is preserved in Madrid We knowfrom historical documents that the city was walled and had a castle (theAlcaacutezar) in the same place where the Royal Palace now stands Amongthe few preserved medieval buildings are the mudejar towers of SanNicolaacutes and San Pedro el Viejo churches the palace of Lujaacuten family(located in the Plaza de la Villa) the Gothic church of St Jerome partof a monastery built by the Catholic Monarchs in the 15th century andthe Bishops Chapel

Nor has Madrid retained many examples of Renaissance architectureexcept for the Cisneros house (one of the buildings flanking the Plazade la Villa) the Bridge of Segovia and the Convent of Las Descalzas Reales whose austere exterior gives no idea ofthe magnificent art treasures inside

When Philip II moved his court to Madrid in 1561[59] a series of reforms began reforms that aimed to transform thetown into a capital city worthy of the name These reforms were embodied in the Plaza Mayor designed by Juan deHerrera (author of El Escorial) and Juan Gomez de Mora characterized by its symmetry and austerity as well as thenew Alcazar who would become the second most impressive royal palace of the kingdomMany of the historic buildings of Madrid were built during the reign of the Hapsburgs The material used was mostlybrick and the humble facades contrast with the elaborate interiors Juan Goacutemez de Mora built notable buildings suchas Casa de la Villa Prison of the Court the Palace of the Councils and Royal Convent of La Encarnacioacuten The BuenRetiro Palace was a vanished work by Alonso Carbonel today on the grounds of the Retiro Park with beautifulrooms decorated by the best artists in times of Philip IV (Velaacutezquez Carducci Zurbaraacuten) Imperial College becomean important institution run by the Jesuits and the model dome of the church would be imitated in all Spain thanksto the cheap materials used in its construction

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Canalejas Square

Before the arrival of the Bourbons at Madrid the architect Pedro de Ribera wasone of the most important architects in Madrid Ribera introducedChurrigueresque architecture to Madrid characterized by ornamental overloadon their covers as an altarpiece The History Museum the Cuartel delConde-Duque the church of Montserrat and the Bridge of Toledo are the bestexamples

The arrival of the Bourbons marked a new era in the city The burning of theAlcazar of Madrid served as an excuse for Philip V of Spain to build a palace onits foundations a palace more in line with the French taste Filippo Juvarra anarchitect specializing in the construction of royal palaces was chosen to designthe new palace His design was inspired by a Berninis design rejected for theLouvre in Paris Juvarra died before the work began and the project wassubstantially modified by his disciple Giovainni Battista Sacchetti Other

buildings of the time were the St Michaels Basilica and the Convent of Santa Barbara

King Charles III of Spain was more interested in beautifying the city He was an enlightened monarch andendeavored to convert Madrid into one of the great European capitals He pushed forward the construction of thePrado Museum (designed by Juan de Villanueva) The building was originally intended to serve as a Natural ScienceMuseum Charles III was also responsible for design of the Puerta de Alcalaacute the Royal Observatory (Juan deVillanueva) the Royal Botanic Gardens the Basilica of San Francisco el Grande (Francesco Sabatini) the Casa deCorreos in Puerta del Sol the Real Casa de la Aduana (Francesco Sabatini) and the General Hospital by Sabatini(now houses the Reina Sofia Museum and Royal Conservatory of Music) The Paseo del Prado surrounded bygardens and decorated with neoclassical statues inspired by mythological gods is an example of urban planning TheDuke of Berwick ordered Ventura Rodriacuteguez the construction of the Liria PalaceSubsequently the Peninsular War the loss of colonies in the Americas and the continuing coups prevented the cityfrom developing interesting architecture (Royal Theatrethe National Library of Spainthe Palace of the Senate andthe Congress) In the slums of Madrid during this time a kind of substandard house was developed that today has aspecial historical charm an example is the corralas which currently still exist in the neighborhood of LavapiesFrom the late-19th century until the Civil War Madrid modernized and built new neighborhoods and monumentsboth in the capital and in neighboring towns In the mid-19th century the expansion of Madrid developed under theplan Castro resulting in the neighborhoods of Salamanca Arguumlelles and Chamberiacute Arturo Soria conceived thelinear city and built the first few kilometers of the road that bears his name which embodies the idea AntonioPalacios build a series of eclectic buildings inspired by the Viennese Secession Some representative examples arethe Palacio de Comunicaciones the Circulo de Bellas Artes and the Riacuteo de La Plata Bank (Instituto Cervantes)Ricardo Velaacutezquez Bosco designed the Crystal Palace and the Palacio de Velaacutezquez in the Retiro Park SecundinoZuazo built the Palacio de la Muacutesica and the Casa de las Flores The Bank of Spain was designed by Eduardo Adaroand Severiano Sainz de la Lastra Meanwhile the Marquis of Cubas began the Almudena Cathedral project whichwas to be a neo-Gothic church with neo-Romanesque cloister Alberto de Palacio designed Atocha Station ThePalace of Longoria was designed by Joseacute Grases Riera in Catalan art-nouveau Las Ventas Bullring was built in theearly-20th century as the Market of San Miguel (Cast-Iron style) Finally Delicias Railway Station is the oldestexample of this kind of infrastructure according to the model of Henri de Dion

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The Gran Via is considered ashowcase of early-20th-century

architecture with patterns rangingfrom Vienna Secession style

Plateresque Neo-Mudeacutejar Art Decoand others

Also the construction of Gran Viacutea began in the early-20th century with the taskof freeing the old town They used different styles that evolved over time TheMetropolis building is built in French style and the Edificio Grassy is eclecticwhile Telefoacutenica Building is art deco with baroque ornaments The Carrioacuten (orCapitol) Building is expressionist and the Palace of the Press another exampleof art deco

The Civil War severely damaged the city including the Ciudad Universitaria(University City) which was one of the most beautiful architectural complexesof the time Subsequently unscrupulous mayors would destroy the old town andthe Ensanche in a city which until the war was a good example of urbanplanning and architecture Numerous blocks of flats with no value were built andsome examples of Fascist architecture such as the Spanish Air Forceheadquarters (inspired by El Escorial) the Nuevos Ministerios by SecundinoZuazo and the skyscrapers of Plaza de Espantildea at the time the highest in Europewere built

Torres Kio

With the advent of Democracy and the Spanish economic developeprojecting skyscrapers in the city as Torre Picasso designed by MinoruYamasaki Torres Blancas and Torre BBVA (both by Francisco JavierSaacuteenz de Oiza) and once in the 1990s the Torres Kio architects PhilipJohnson and John Burgee Moreover in the 1990s completesconstruction of the Cathedral of the Almudena The NationalAuditorium of Music is a work of 1988

In the 21st century Madrid faces new challenges in its architecture Itreahbilitates historical spaces to make them modern buildings abrewery becomes library a slaughtergouse is now a cultural center an

industrial warehouse is the Interpretation Centre of New Technologies and the CaixaForum Madrid (Herzog amp deMeuron) was a former power station

Under the government of Alberto Ruiz Gallardoacuten were built the four tallest skyscrapers in Spain and together formthe Cuatro Torres Business Area The Manzanares River is crossed by new edge bridges and start up theInternational Convention Centre (Mansilla+Tuntildeoacuten) original round building whose works remain paralyzed by thecrisis Caja Maacutegica(Dominique Perrault) sport centre was also built and the Reina Sofia Museum is expanded withthe help of Jean NouvelMadrid Barajas International Airport Terminal 4 designed by Antonio Lamela and Richard Rogers (winning themthe 2006 Stirling Prize) and TPS Engineers (winning them the 2006 IStructE Award for Commercial Structures)was inaugurated on 5 February 2006 Terminal 4 is one of the worlds largest terminal areas with an area of 760000square metres (8180572 square feet) in two separate terminals a main building T4 (470000 square metres) andsatellite building T4S (290000 square metres) which are separated by approximately 25 km (2 mi) The newterminal is meant to give passengers a stress-free start to their journey This is managed through careful use ofillumination available by glass panes instead of walls and numerous domes in the roof which allow natural light topass through With the new addition Barajas is designed to handle 70 million passengers annually

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Terminal 4 check in hall in 2008

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid is the European city with the highest number of trees and greensurface per inhabitant and it has the second highest number of alignedtrees in the world with 248000 units only exceeded by TokyoMadrids citizens have access to a green area within a 15 minute walkSince 1997 green areas have increased by 16 At present 82 ofMadrids grounds are green areas meaning that there are 16msup2 of greenarea per inhabitant far exceeding the 10msup2 per inhabitantrecommended by the World Health OrganizationParque del Retiro formerly the grounds of the palace built for FelipeIV is Madrids most popular park and the largest park in centralMadrid Its area is more than 14 kmsup2 (350 acres) and it is located veryclose to the Puerta de Alcalaacute and not far from the Prado Museum Amagnificent park filled with beautiful sculpture and monumentsgalleries a peaceful lake and host to a variety of events it is one ofMadrids premier attractions The park is entirely surrounded by thepresent-day city Its lake in the middle once staged mini naval shambattles to amuse royalty these days the more tranquil pastime ofpleasure boating is popular Inspired by Londons crystal palace thepalacio de cristal can be found at the south-eastern end of the park

In the Retiro Park is also the Forest of the Departed (Spanish Bosquede los Ausentes) a memorial monument to commemorate the 191victims of the 11 March 2004 Madrid attacks

Atocha Railway Station is not only the citys first and most central station but also home to a distinctive indoorgarden with 4000 square metres of tropical plants Atocha station has become a hothouse destination in itself forplant lovers with more than 500 species of plant life and ponds with turtle and goldfish in as well as shops andcafes Its a nice place to visit on a cold or wet day with its even temperature of 24 degrees Celsius or on a scorchingsummer day as a retreat from the heat

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Casa de Campo lake

Casa de Campo is an enormous urban parkland to the west of the citythe largest in Spain and Madrids main green lung Its area is more than1700 hectares (66 sq mi) It is home to a fairground the Madrid Zooan amusement park the Parque de Atracciones de Madrid and anoutdoor municipal pool to enjoy a birds eye view of the park and citytake a cable car trip above the tree tops Casa de Campos vegetation isone of its most important features There are in fact three differentecosystems oak pine and river groves The oak is the dominant treespecies in the area and although many of them are over 100 years oldand reach a great height they are also present in the form of chaparraland bushes The pine-forest ecosystem boasts a large number of treesthat have adapted perfectly to the light dry conditions in the park In addition mushrooms often emerge after thefirst rains of autumn Finally the river groves or riparian forests are made up of various mainly deciduous speciesthat grow in wetter areas Examples include poplars willows and alder trees As regards fauna this green space ishome to approximately 133 vertebrate species

The Royal Botanic Garden or Real Jardin Botanico is an 8-hectare botanical garden located in the Plaza de Murillonext to the Prado Museum It was an 18th century creation by Carlos III and it was used as a base for the plantspecies being collected across the globe There is an important research facility that started life as a base to developherbal remedies and to house the species collected from the new-world trips today it is dedicated to maintainingEuropes ecosystem

Campo del Moro gardens

The Royal Palace is surrounded by three green areas In front of thepalace are the gardens of the Plaza de Oriente to the north thegardens of Sabatini and to the west up to the Manzanares river thefamous Campo del Moro Campo del Moro gardens has a surface areaof 20 hectares and is a scenic garden with an unusual layout filled withfoliage and an air of English romanticism The Sabatini Gardens have aformal Neoclassic style consisting of well-sheared hedges insymmetric geometrical patterns adorned with a pool statues andfountains with trees also disposed in a symmetrical geometric shapePlaza de Oriente can distinguish three main plots the Central Gardens

the Cabo Noval Gardens and the Lepanto Gardens The Central Gardens are arranged around the central monumentto Philip IV in a grid following the barroque model garden They consist of seven flowerbeds each packed withbox hedges forms of cypress yew and magnolia of small size and flower plantations temporary These are boundedon either side by rows of statues paths popularly known as the Gothic kings and mark the dividing line between themain body of the plaza and the Cabo Noval Gardens at north and the Lepanto Gardens at south

Mount of El Pardo

Monte de El Pardo is a mediterranean forest inside the city of MadridIt is one of the best preserved Mediterranean Forests in Europe TheEuropean Union has designated the Monte de El Pardo as a SpecialProtection Area for bird-life This meadow which has been used ashunting grounds by the royalty given the variety of game animals thathave inhabited it since the Middle Ages is home to 120 flora speciesand 200 vertebrae species Rabbits red partridges wild cats stagsdeer and wild boars live among ilexes cork oaks ash trees blackpoplars oaks junipers and rockroses Monte del Pardo is part of the

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Regional Park of the High Basin of the Manzanares spreading out from the Guadarrama Mountains range to thecentre of Madrid and protected by strong legal regulations Just before crossing the city the River Manzanaresforms a valley composed by sandy elements and detritus from the mountain range

Mount of El Pardo and Soto de Vintildeuelas insidethe city of Madrid

Soto de Vintildeuelas also known as Mount Vintildeuelas is a meadow-oakforest north of the city of Madrid and east of the Monte de El Pardo Itis a fenced property of 3000 hectares which includes importantecological values landscape and art Soto de Vintildeuelas is part of theRegional Park of the High Basin of the Manzanares a nature reservewhich is recognised as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO where it hasbeen classified as Area B the legal instrument that allows agriculturalland use Soto de Vintildeuelas also received the statement of SpecialProtection Area for Birds

Manzanares river

El Capricho is a 14-hectare garden located in the area of Barajasdistrict It dates back to 1784 The art of landscaping in El Capricho isdisplayed in three different styles of classical gardenscapes theparterre or French garden English landscaping and the Italiangiardino

Madrid Rio is a linear park that runs along the bank of the ManzanaresRiver in the middle of Madrid It is an area of parkland 10 kilometreslong and covers 649 hectares in six districts Moncloa-AravacaCentro Arganzuela Latina Carabanchel and Usera It is a large area ofenvironmental sporting leisure and cultural interest Madrid Riacuteoprovides a link with other green spaces in the city such as Casa deCampo and the Linear Park of the Manzanares River The main landscaped area in Madrid Riacuteo is the ArganzuelaPark covering 23 hectares where pedestrian and cycling routes cover the whole park The Madrid Riacuteo cycle networkcovers some 30 kilometres and is linked to another bike routes To the north Madrid Rio connects to the Senda Realthe Green Ring for Cyclists and the E 7 (GR 10) trail which goes as far as the Sierra de Madrid mountain range Tothe south Madrid Riacuteo provides access to the Enrique Tierno Galvaacuten Park and the Linear Park of the ManzanaresRiver an extensive green zone running parallel to the river as far as Getafe As well as the cycle routes there are 42kilometres of paths for walkers and runners In the Saloacuten de Pinos a 6-kilometre long tree-lined promenade thereare circuits for aerobic and anaerobic exercise while near the Puente de Praga bridge a tennis court and seven padeltennis courts

The theme park Faunia is a natural history museum and zoo combined aimed at being fun and educational forchildren It comprises eight eco-systems from tropical rain forests to polar regions and contains over 1500 animalssome of which roam freely

Madrid 19

Economy

Middle ages to 20th century

Madrid Stock Exchange

During the end of the Middle Ages Madrid experienced astronomicgrowth as a consequence of its establishment as the new capital of theSpanish Empire As Spain (like many other European countries)continued to centralize royal authority this meant that Madrid took ongreater importance as a center of administration for the SpanishKingdom It evolved to become an important nucleus of artisanalactivity that eventually experienced industrial revolution during the19th century The city made even greater strides at expansion duringthe 20th century especially after the Spanish Civil War reachinglevels of industrialization found in other European capital cities Theeconomy of the city was then centred on diverse manufacturingindustries such as those related to motor vehicles aircraft chemicalselectronic devices pharmaceuticals processed food printed materialsand leather goods[60]

1992 to present

Madrid is a major centre for international business and commerce It isone of Europes largest financial centres and the largest in Spain

During the period from 1992 to 2006 Madrid experienced verysignificant growth in its service sector The most notable of theseservices are those geared towards companies followed by transportand communications property and financial services These fourgroups generate 51 of gross value added for Madrids economy and62 of gross value added for the services sector The importance ofthe Barajas Airport to the citys economy is substantial Theconstruction of housing and public works such as the ringroads and

train network constituted a major pillar of the economy up to 2006

As Spain has become decentralized politically Madrid has taken on a smaller administrative profile as compared tothe rest of the Spanish state Even so the Community of Madrid (centred upon the city of Madrid) experienced thehighest growth of all the Spanish regions between 2004 to 2006 Its growth rate was higher than for the country as awhole by 14 during the period 2000ndash2006 and that of the Eurozone by 13[61]

Madrid 20

Madrid has become the 23rd richest city in the world and third richest in Europe in terms of absolute GDP theeconomic output for the year 2005 was of $2015 billion behind the considerably larger cities of Paris ($460 billion)and London ($452 billion) and ahead of Moscow and Barcelona[62] Additionally in terms of GDP per capitaMadrid in specific the Madrid region is the richest in Spain and one of the richest in Europe At 1339 of theEuropean average of 25800euro (34572euro$48313) Madrid is ahead of all the other 8 Spanish regions above 100[63]

Similarly Madrid is just 978 of New Yorks purchasing powerMadrid is a worlds financial leader rising to the top five Centres of Commerce in Europe Madrid continues itsupward trajectory as a key European city rising from its 2007 spot at number 16 to number 11 globally and fromnumber 6 to the number 5 spot in Europe Madrids stable GDP exchange rate and strong bond market coupled witha high standard of living place this city in the company of Europes most prominent cities London Paris Frankfurtand Amsterdam[64]

Madrid is one of the cities in the Iberian Peninsula that attracts most foreign investment and job seekers The averagesalary in Madrid during 2007 was 2540euro clearly above the Spanish average of 2085euro[65] In terms of net earningsMadrid also places first in Spain Madrid is 28th in the world at 786[66]

Madrid seen from Buenavista Hill

Art and culture

MuseumsMadrid is considered one of the top European destinations concerning art museums Best known is the GoldenTriangle of Art located along the Paseo del Prado and comprising three museums The most famous one is the PradoMuseum known for such highlights as Diego Velaacutezquezs Las Meninas and Francisco de Goyas La maja vestida andLa maja desnuda The other two museums are the Thyssen Bornemisza Museum established from a mixed privatecollection and the Reina Sofia Museum where Pablo Picassos Guernica hangs returning to Spain from New Yorkafter more than two decades

Museo Nacional del Prado

The Museo del Prado is a museum and art gallery that features one ofthe worlds finest collections of European art from the 12th century tothe early 19th century based on the former Spanish Royal CollectionThe collection currently comprises around 7600 paintings 1000sculptures 4800 prints and 8200 drawings in addition to a largenumber of works of art and historic documents El Prado is one of themost visited museums in the world and it is considered to be amongthe greatest museums of art It has the best collection of artworks byGoya Velaacutezquez El Greco Rubens Titian Hieronymus Bosch Joseacutede Ribera and Patinir and works by Rogier van der Weyden RaphaelSanzio Tintoretto Veronese Caravaggio Van Dyck Albrecht Duumlrer Claude Lorrain Murillo and Zurbaraacuten amongothers

Madrid 21

Museo Reina Sofiacutea (MNCARS)

The Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofiacutea (MNCARS) is theSpains national museum of 20th century art The museum is mainlydedicated to Spanish art Highlights of the museum include excellentcollections of Spains greatest 20th century masters Pablo PicassoSalvador Daliacute Joan Miroacute Juan Gris and Julio Gonzaacutelez Certainly themost famous masterpiece in the museum is Picassos paintingGuernica The Reina Sofiacutea also hosts a free-access library specializingin art with a collection of over 100000 books over 3500 soundrecordings and almost 1000 videos[67]

Museo Thyssen Bornemisza

The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum is an art museum that fills thehistorical gaps in its counterparts collections in the Prados case thisincludes Italian primitives and works from the English Dutch andGerman schools while in the case of the Reina Sofia theThyssen-Bornemisza collection once the second largest privatecollection in the world after the British Royal Collection[68] includesImpressionists Expressionists and European and American paintingsfrom the second half of the 20th century with over 1600 paintings[69]

The Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando currently functionsas a museum and gallery that houses a fine art collection of paintingsfrom the 15th to 20th century Giovanni Bellini Correggio Rubens Zurbaraacuten Murillo Goya Juan Gris PabloSerrano The academy is also the headquarters of the Madrid Academy of Art Francisco Goya was once one of theacademys directors and its alumni include Pablo Picasso Salvador Daliacute Antonio Loacutepez Garciacutea Juan Luna andFernando Botero[70][71]

Royal Armoury Royal Palace of Madrid

The Royal Palace of Madrid is the official residence of Juan Carlos I ofSpain but he uses it only for official acts It is a baroque palace full ofartworks is one of the largest European Royal Palaces which ischaracterized by its luxurious rooms and its rich collections of armorsand weapons pharmaceutical silverware watches paintings tapestriesand the most comprehensive collection of Stradivarius in the world[72]

The National Archaeological Museum of Spain collection includesamong others Pre-historic Celtic Iberian Greek and Romanantiquities and medieval (Visigothic Muslim and Christian) objectsHighlights include a replica of the Altamira cave (the first cave in

which prehistoric cave paintings were discovered) Lady of Elx (an enigmatic polychrome stone bust) Lady of Baza(a famous example of Iberian sculpture) Biche of Balazote (an iberian sculpture) and Treasure of Guarrazar (atreasure that represents the best surviving group of Early Medieval Christian votive offerings and the high point ofVisigothic goldsmiths work)[73]

The Museum of the Americas (Spanish Museo de Ameacuterica) is a National museum that holds artistic archaeologicaland ethnographic collections from the whole American continent ranging from the Paleolithic period to the presentday The permanent exhibit is divided into five major thematical areas an awareness of America the reality ofAmerica society religion and communication[74]

Madrid 22

National Museum of Natural Sciences

The National Museum of Natural Sciences is the National Museum ofNatural History of Spain The research departments of the museum areBiodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Evolutionary EcologyPaleobiology Vulcanology and Geology[75]

The Naval Museum is managed by the Ministry of Defence TheMuseums mission is to acquire preserve investigate report anddisplay for study education and contemplation parts sets andcollections of historical artistic scientific and technical related to naval activity in order to disseminate the story seaof Spain to help illustrate highlight and preserve their traditions and promote national maritime awareness

El Aquelarre Francisco de GoyaLaacutezaro Galdiano Museum

The Monastery of Las Descalzas Reales resides in the former palace of KingCharles I of Spain and Isabel of Portugal Their daughter Joan of Austriafounded this convent of nuns of the Poor Clare order in 1559 Throughout theremainder of the 16th century and into the 17th century the convent attractedyoung widowed or spinster noblewomen Each woman brought with her a dowryThe riches quickly piled up and the convent became one of the richest conventsin all of Europe It has many works of Renaissance and Baroque art including arecumbent Christ by Gaspar Becerra a staircase whose paintings were painted byunknown author (perhaps Velaacutezquez) and they are considered of themasterpieces of Spanish illusionist painting and Brussels tapestries inspired bypaintings of Rubens[76]

The Museum of Laacutezaro Galdiano houses an encyclopedic collection specializingin decorative arts Apart from paintings and sculptures it displays 10th centuryByzantine enamel Arab and Byzantine ivory chests Hellenistic Roman

medieval renaissance baroque and romantic jewelry Pisanello and Pompeo Leoni medals Spanish and Italianceramics Italian and Arab clothes and an collection of weapons including the sword of Pope Innocent VIII[77]

The Museo Nacional de Artes Decorativas (National Museum of Decorative Arts) is one of the oldest museums inthe city It illustrates the evolution of the called minor arts (furniture ceramics and glass textile etc) Its 60 roomsexpones 15000 objects of the approximate 40000 which it has[78]

The Museo Nacional del Romanticismo (National Museum of Romanticism) contains a large collection of artefactsand art focusing on daily life and customs of the 19th century with special attention to the aesthetics aboutRomanticism[79]

The Museo Cerralbo houses a private collection of ancient works of art artifacts and other antiquities collected byEnrique de Aguilera y Gamboa XVII Cerralbo Marquis[80]

The Museo Nacional de Antropologiacutea(National Museum of Anthropology) provides an overview of the differentcultures in the world with objects and human remains from around the world highlighting a Guanche mummy ofthe island of Tenerife[81]

The Museo Sorolla is located in the building in which the Valencian Impressionist painter had his home andworkshop The collection includes in addition to numerous works of Joaquiacuten Sorolla a large number of objects thatpossessed the artist including sculptures by August Rodin[82]

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

CaixaForum Madrid is a post-modern art gallery in the centre ofMadrid It is sponsored by the Catalan-Balearic bank la Caixa andlocated next to the Saloacuten del Prado Although the CaixaForum is amodern building it also exhibits retrospectives of artists from earliertime periods and has evolved into one of the most visited museums inMadrid It was constructed by the Swiss architects Herzog amp deMeuron from 2001 to 2007 which combined an old unused industrialbuilding and hollowed it out at the base and inside and placed on topfurther floors which are encased with rusted steel Next to it is an artinstallation of green plants growing on the wall of the neighbouringhouse by French botanist Patrick Blanc The red of the top floors with the green of the wall next to it form a contrastThe green is in reflection of the neighbouring Royal Botanical Gardens

Other art galleries and museums in Madrid includebullbull Casa-Museo Joseacute Padillabullbull Casa-Museo Manuel Beneditobullbull Museo de Antropologia Meacutedicabullbull Museo De La Farmacia Hispanabull Museo Del Reloj Grassy at Edificio Grassybullbull Museo Casa de la Monedabullbull Museo de Historia de Madridbullbull Museo de los Oriacutegenesbullbull Royal Palace of El Pardobullbull Museo del Ferrocarril

Churches

Almudena Cathedral Catedral de la Almudena

Madrid has a considerable number of Catholic churches some ofthem are between the most important Spanish religious artworksThe oldest church that survives today is San Nicolaacutes de losServitas whose oldest item is the bell tower (12th century) inMudejar style The next oldest temple is San Pedro el Real withits high brick tower

St Jerome Church is a gothic church next to El Prado MuseumThe Catholic Monarchs ordered its construction in the 15thcentury as part of a vanished monastery The monasterys cloisteris preserved It has recently been renovated by Rafael Moneo withthe goal to house the neoclassical collection of El Prado Museum

and also sculptures by Leone Leoni and Pompeo Leoni

The Bishop Chapel is a gothic chapel which was built in the 16th century by order of the Bishop of PlasenciaGutierre de Vargas It was originally built to house the remains of Saint Isidore Laborer (Madrids patron saint) butit was used as the Vargas family mausoleum Inside are the altairpiece and the tombs of the Vargas family whichwere the work of Francisco Giralte a disciple of Alonso Berruguete They are considered masterpieces of SpanishRenaissance sculpture

Madrid 24

Royal Convent of La Encarnacioacuten (faccedilade)

San Francisco el Grande

St Isidore Church from the Plaza Mayor

St Isidore Church was built between 1620ndash1664 by order of Empress Mariaof Austria daughter of Charles V of Germany and I of Spain to become partof a school run by the Jesuits which still exists today Its dome is the firstexample of a dome drawing on a wooden frame covered with plaster whichgiven its lightness makes it easy to support the walls It was the cathedral ofMadrid between 1885 and 1993 which is the time it took to build theAlmudena The artwork inside were mostly burned during the Spanish CivilWar but it retained the tomb that holds the incorrupt body of Saint IsidoreLaborer and the urn containing the ashes of his wife Maria Torribia

Royal Convent of La Encarnacioacuten is an Augustinian Recollect convent Theinstitution which belonged ladies of the nobility was founded by QueenMargaret of Austria wife of Philip III of Spain in the early 17th century Dueto the frescoes and sculptures which houses is one of the most prominenttemples in the city The buildings architect was Fray Alberto de la Madre deDios who built it between 1611 and 1616 The faccedilade responds to aninspiring Herrerian style with great austerityand it was imitated by other

Spanish churches The churchs interior is a sumptuous work by the great Baroque architect Ventura Rodriguez Inthe church are preserved shrines containing the blood of St Januarius and St Pantaleon the second (according totradition) liquefies every year on the saints day on 27 July

San Antonio de los Alemanes (St Anthony Church) is a pretty 17th century church which was originally part of aPortuguese hospital Subsequently it was donated to the Germans living in the city

Madrid 25

The interior of the church has been recently restored It has some beautiful frescoes painted by Luca GiordanoFrancisco Carrentildeo and Francisco Rizi The frescoes represent some kings of Spain Hungary France Germany andBohemia They all sit looking at the paintings in the vault which represent the life of Saint Anthony of PaduaRoyal Chapel of St Anthony of La Florida is sometimes named the Goyas Sixtine Chapel The chapel was builton orders of King Charles IV of Spain who also commissioned the frescoes by Goya These were completed over asix month period in 1798 The frescoes portray miracles by Saint Anthony of Padua including one which occurred inLisbon but which the painter has relocated to Madrid On every 13 June the chapel becomes the site of a livelypilgrimage in which young unwed women come to pray to St Anthony and to ask for a partnerSan Francisco el Grande Basilica was built in neoclassical style in the second half of the 18th century by FrancescoSabatini It has the fifth largest diameter dome to Christianity (33 meters in diameter its smaller than the dome ofthe Romes Pantheon (434meters) St Peters Basilica (424 meters) the Florence Cathedral (42 meters)and theRotunda of Mosta (372 meters) in Malta but its larger than St Pauls Cathedral (308 meters) in London and HagiaSophia (318 meters) in Istanbul) The church is dedicated to St Francis of Assisi who according to legend wasestablished in Madrid during his pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela Its sumptuous interior features manyartworks including paintings by Goya and ZurbaraacutenThe Cathedral of Santa Maria la Real de la Almudena is the episcopal seat of the Archdiocese of Madrid It is atemple of 102 meters long and 73 high built during the 19th and 20th century in a mixture of different stylesneoclassical exterior neo-Gothic interior and neo-Romanesque crypt and neo-Byzantine abses paintsThe cathedral was built in the same place which was built the Moorish citadel (al-mudayna) in Madrid It wasconsecrated by Pope John Paul II on his fourth trip to Spain on 15 June 1993 thus being the only Spanish cathedraldedicated by a pope

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid has been one of the great centers of Spanish literature In this city wereborn some of the best writers of the Spanish Golden Century including Lopede Vega (Fuenteovejuna The Dog in the Manger The Knight of Olmedo) whoreformed the Spanish theater a work continued by Calderon de la Barca (Life isa Dream) Francisco de Quevedo Spanish nobleman and writer famous for hissatires which criticized the Spanish society of his time and author of acuteElBuscoacuten And finally Tirso de Molina who created the famous character DonJuan In addition Cervantes and Goacutengora also lived in the city although theywere not born there The homes of Lope de Vega Quevedo Gongora andCervantes are still preserved and they are all in the Barrio de las Letras (LettersNeigtbourhood)

Other writers born in Madrid in later centuries have been Leandro Fernandez deMoratiacuten Mariano Joseacute de Larra Jose de Echegaray (Nobel Prize in Literature)

Ramoacuten Goacutemez de la Serna Daacutemaso Alonso Enrique Jardiel Poncela and Pedro Salinas

Madrid is home to the Royal Academy of Spanish Language internationally important cultural institution dedicatedto language planning by enacting legislation aimed at promoting linguistic

Madrid 26

Cervantes Institute headquarters

Spanish National Library

unity within and among the several Hispanic states ensure acommon linguistic standard in accordance with its foundingstatutes to ensure that the changes undergone [by the language][] not break the essential unity that keeps all the Hispanic [83]

Madrid is also home to another internationally cultural institutionthe Instituto Cervantes whose task is the promotion and teachingof Spanish language as well as the dissemination of the culture ofSpain and Latin America

The National Library of Spain is a major public library the largestin Spain The librarys collection consists of more than 26000000items including 15000000 books and other printed materials30000 manuscripts 143000 newspapers and serials 4500000graphic materials 510000 music scores 500000 maps 600000sound recording 90000 audiovisuals 90000 electronicdocuments more than 500000 microforms etc[84]

NightlifeThe nightlife in Madrid is one of the citys main attractions Tapas bars cocktail bars clubs jazz lounges live musicvenues flamenco theatres and establishments of all kinds cater to all Every night venues pertaining to the LiveMusic Venues Association La Noche en Vivo host a wide range of live music shows Everything from acclaimed toup-and-coming artists singer-songwriters to rock bands jazz concerts or electronic music sessions to enjoy music atits bestNightlife and young cultural awakening flourished after the death of Franco especially during the 80s whileMadrids mayor Enrique Tierno Galvaacuten (PSOE) was in office at this time is well-known the cultural movementcalled la movida and it initially gathered around Plaza del Dos de Mayo Nowadays the Malasantildea area is known forits alternative sceneSome of the most popular night destinations include the neighbourhoods of Bilbao Tribunal Atocha AlonsoMartinez or Moncloa together with Puerta del Sol area (including Opera and Gran Via both adjacent to the popularsquare) and Huertas (barrio de Las Letras) destinations which are also filled with tourists day and night The districtof Chueca has also become a hot spot in the Madrilenian night life especially for the gay population Chueca ispopularly known as the gay quarter comparable to The Castro district in San FranciscoWhat is also popular is the practice of meeting in parks or streets with friends and drinking alcohol together (this iscalled botelloacuten from botella bottle) but in recent years drinking in the street is punished with a fine and nowyoung madrilentildeos drink together all around the city instead of in better-known placesWhat makes nightlife in Madrid so unique compared to other cities is that people do not go out until later in theevening and do not return home until early in the morning A typical evening out could not start before 1230 AMand end at 630 AMStudents who study abroad in Europe consider Madrid to have one of the most amazing nightlife experiences

Madrid 27

Bohemian cultureThe city has venues for performing alternative art and expressive art They are mostly located in the centre of the cityinclude in Opera Anton Martin Chueca and Malasantildea There are also several festivals in Madrid including theFestival of Alternative art the Festival of the Alternative Scene[85][86][87][88]

The neighbourhood of Malasantildea as well as Anton Martin and Lavapies hosts several bohemian cafegalleries Thesecafes are typified with period or retro furniture or furniture found on the street a colourful non traditionalatmosphere inside and usually art displayed each month by a new artist often for sale Cafes include the retro cafeLolina and bohemian cafes La Ida La Paca and Cafe de la Luz in Malasantildea La Piola in Huertas and CafeOlmo and Aguardiente in LavapiesIn the neighbourhood of Lavapies there are also hidden houses which are illegal bars or abandoned spaces whereconcerts poetry reading and[89][90][91] the famous Spanish Botellon (a street party or gathering now illegal but rarelystopped)

Classical music and opera

National Auditorium of Music

The Auditorio Nacional de Muacutesica [92] is the main venue for classicalmusic concerts in Madrid It is home to the Spanish NationalOrchestra the Chamartiacuten Symphony Orchestra[93] and the venue forthe symphonic concerts of the Community of Madrid Orchestra and theMadrid Symphony Orchestra It is also the principal venue fororchestras on tour playing in Madrid

The Teatro Real is the main opera house in Madrid located just infront of the Royal Palace and its resident orchestra is the MadridSymphony Orchestra[94] The theatre stages around seventeen operatitles (both own productions and co-productions with other majorEuropean opera houses) per year as well as two or three major ballets and several recitals

The Teatro de la Zarzuela is mainly devoted to Zarzuela (the Spanish traditional musical theatre genre) as well asoperetta and recitals[95][96] The resident orchestra of the theatre is the Community of Madrid Orchestra

The Teatro Monumental is the concert venue of the RTVE Symphony Orchestra[97]

Other concert venues for classical music are the Fundacioacuten Joan March and the Auditorio 400 devoted tocontemporary music

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid hosts the largest Plaza de Toros (bullring) in Spain LasVentas established in 1929 Las Ventas is considered by many to bethe world centre of bullfighting and has a seating capacity of almost25000 Madrids bullfighting season begins in March and ends inOctober Bullfights are held every day during the festivities of SanIsidro (Madrids patron saint) from mid May to early June and everySunday and public holiday the rest of the season The style of theplaza is Neo-Mudeacutejar Las Ventas also hosts music concerts and other

events outside of the bullfighting season

Madrid 28

Local festivitiesbull 15 May San Isidro Labrador (Madrids patron saint)bullbull 13 June San Antonio de la Florida (Moncloa neighbourhoods patron saint)bull 16ndash25 July Virgen del Carmen festivities (Vallecas neighbourhoods patron saint)bull 6ndash14 August Virgen de la Paloma festivities (Madrids popular patron saint)bullbull 7 August San Cayetano (Cascorro neighbourhoods patron saint)bullbull 10 August San Lorenzo (Lavapieacutes neighbourhoods patron saint)bull 9 November Feast of the Virgin of Almudena (Madrids patron saint)

The Santiago Bernabeacuteu a FIFA elite stadium

Madrid is home to La Liga football club Real Madrid who play theirhome games at the Santiago Bernabeacuteu Their supporters are referred toas Madridistas or Merengues (Meringues) Real Madrid is one of themost prestigious football clubs in the world (FIFA selected RealMadrid the best team of the 20th century) having won a record 9European Cups Their hometown rivals Atleacutetico Madrid are also wellsupported in the city The players (and supporters) are referred to asColchoneros (The Mattress Makers) in reference to the teams red and

white jersey colours which were determined by mattress material being the cheapest at the time of the clubsformation In 1982 Madrid hosted the FIFA World Cup Final Along with Barcelona Glasgow and Lisbon Madridis one of only four cities in Europe to contain two UEFA 5-star stadia Real Madrids Santiago Bernabeacuteu and AtleacuteticoMadrids Vicente Calderoacuten both meet the said criteria Rayo Vallecano and Getafe CF are two further teams from theMadrid area playing currently in La Liga

Some of Spains top footballers are Madrilentildeos (born in Madrid) including Real Madrid former player EmilioButraguentildeo and co (La Quinta del Buitre The Vultures Quint) Premier Leagues Pepe Reina Fernando Torresand Real Madrid veterans Rauacutel Guti and Iker Casillas

Madrid Arena exterior

Madrid boasts a prominent place in Spanish basketball with two clubsin the countrys top-level Liga ACB Real Madrids basketball sectionhas won 30 Spanish League championships 22 Spanish Cupchampionships 8 Euroleague Championships 4 Saporta Cups 4Intercontinental Cups and have won 2 Triple Crowns Madrids otherprofessional basketball club is Estudiantes that have won 3 SpanishCup championships

Madrid hosts the Mutua Madrilentildea Madrid Open The tournament is classified as an ATP World Tour Masters 1000event on the Association of Tennis Professionals tour and a Premier Mandatory event on the Womens TennisAssociation tour Caja Maacutegica (The Magic Box and also known as the Manzanares Park Tennis Centre) is a tennisstructure located at Manzanares Park used for the Madrid Masters tournament Caja Maacutegica is also home to theSpanish F1 team HRT F1 Team

The city is also host to the Circuito Permanente Del Jarama a motorsport race circuitHistorically the city serves as the final stage of the Vuelta a Espantildea cycling event in the same way Paris serves asthe conclusive stage of the Tour de FranceSkiing is possible in the nearby mountains of the Sierra de Guadarrama where the ski resorts of Valdesqui andNavacerrada are located

Madrid 29

In the past Madrid has bid to host the 1972 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics which were awarded to MunichLondon and Rio de Janeiro respectively In July 2011 Madrid Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardon announced Madridsplans to bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics[98] The city has two major annual road running events ndash the MadridMarathon and the San Silvestre Vallecana 10 km (6 mi) run ndash tens of thousands of runners take part in these raceseach year[99] As reported by Olympic news outlet Around the Rings[100]

Club League Sport Venue Established Capacity

Real Madrid CF La Liga Football Santiago Bernabeacuteu 1902 85454

Atleacutetico Madrid La Liga Football Vicente Calderoacuten 1903 54851

Rayo Vallecano La Liga Football Estadio de Vallecas 1924 15500

Real Madrid Castilla Segunda Divisioacuten Football Alfredo di Steacutefano 1930 6000

Real Madrid Baloncesto ACB Basketball Palacio de Deportes de Madrid 1932 16000

CB Estudiantes ACB Basketball Palacio de Deportes de Madrid 1948 16000

BM Atleacutetico Madrid ASOBAL Handball Palacio Vistalegre 2011 15000

EducationState Education in Spain is free and compulsory from 6 to 16 years The current education system is called LOE(Ley Orgaacutenica de Educacioacuten)[101]

UniversitiesMadrid is home to a large number of public and private universities Some of them are among the oldest in theworld and many of them are the most prestigious universities in Spain

Complutense University of Madrid founded 1293

The Complutense University of Madrid is the largest university inSpain and one of the oldest universities in the world It has 10000 staffmembers and a student population of 117000 Nearly all academicstaff are Spanish It is located on two campuses in the universityquarter Ciudad Universitaria at Moncloa in Madrid and inSomosaguas[102] The Complutense University of Madrid was foundedin Alcala de Henares old Complutum by Cardinal Cisneros in 1499Nevertherless its real origin dates back from 1293 when King SanchoIV of Castile built the General Schools of Alcalaacute which would giverise to Cisneros Complutense University During the course of1509ndash1510 five schools were already operative Artes y Filosofiacutea (Artsamp Philosophy) Teologiacutea (Theology) Derecho Canoacutenico (CanonicalLaws) Letras (Liberal Arts) and Medicina (Medicine) In 1836 duringthe reign of Isabel II the University was moved to Madrid where ittook the name of Central University and was located at San BernardoStreet Subsequently in 1927 a new university area was planned to bebuilt in the district of Moncloa-Aravaca in lands handed over by theKing Alfonso XIII to this purpose The Spanish Civil War turned the Ciudad Universitaria into a war zone causingthe destruction of several schools in the area as well as the loss of part of its rich scientific artistic and bibliographicheritage In 1970 the Government reformed the High Education and the Central University became the ComplutenseUniversity of Madrid It was then when the new campus at Somosaguas was created to house the new School of

Madrid 30

Social Sciences The old Alcalaacute campus was reopened as the independent UAH University of Alcalaacute in 1977Complutense also serves to the population of students who select Madrid as their residency during their study abroadperiod Students from the United States for example might go to Madrid on a program like API (AcademicPrograms International) and study at Complutense for an intense immersion into the Spanish Language Thebeautiful setting of the campus allows students living temporarily in Madrid to have access to all of the citys publicfeatures including Retiro Park El Prado Museum and much more After studying at the University students returnhome with a fluent sense of Spanish as well as culture and diversity[103]

School of Mines Technical University of Madrid

The Universidad Politeacutecnica de Madrid (Technical University ofMadrid) is the top technical university in Spain It is the result of themerge of different Technical Schools of Engineering

The Autonomous University of Madrid was instituted under theleadership of the famous physicist Nicolaacutes Cabrera The Autonoma iswidely recognised for its research strengths in theoretical physicsKnown simply as la Autoacutenoma in Madrid its main site is theCantoblanco Campus situated 10 miles (16 km) to the northeast of thecapital (M-607) and close to the municipal areas of Madrid namelyAlcobendas San Sebastiaacuten de los Reyes Tres Cantos and ColmenarViejo Located on the main site are the Rectorate building and the

Faculties of Science Philosophy and Fine Arts Law Economic Science and Business Studies Psychology HigherSchool of Computing Science and Engineering and the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education The MedicalSchool is sited outside the main site and beside the Hospital Universitario La Paz[104]

The Universidad Carlos III de Madrid whose philosophy is to create responsible free-thinking people with asensitivity to social problems and an involvement in the concept of progress based on freedom justice and toleranceThe undergraduate degrees in Business Administration Economics and Law are ranked first first and secondrespectively among those offered by public and private universities in Spain[105] and its Master and PhD programsalso rank top in the country[106] The Department of Economics[107] is among the 50 best worldwide and in the top10 in Econometrics[108]

Some other prestigious universities include Universidad de Alcalaacute de Henares rebuilt at Alcalaacute de Henares in 1975and the Universidad Pontificia Comillas involved in a number of academic exchange programmes work practiceschemes and international projects with over 200 Higher Education Institutions in Europe Latin America NorthAmerica and AsiaOther universities in Madrid some of them private are Rey Juan Carlos University (public) Universidad AlfonsoX Universidad Antonio de Nebrija Universidad Camilo Joseacute Cela Universidad Francisco de Vitoria UniversidadEuropea de Madrid Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca Campus de Madrid Saint Louis University MadridCampus and San Pablo CEU [109] (all of them private)Madrid is also home to the Escuela Superior de Muacutesica Reina Sofiacutea the Real Conservatorio Superior de Muacutesica deMadrid and many other private educational institutions

Business schoolsIE Business School (formerly Instituto de Empresa) has its main campus on the border of the Chamartiacuten and Salamanca districts of Madrid IE Business School recently ranked 1 in WSJs 2009 rankings for Best MBA Programs under 2 years It scored ahead of usual stalwarts INSEAD and IMD giving it top billing amongst International MBA programs Although based in Barcelona both IESE Business School and ESADE Business School also have Madrid campuses These three schools are the top-ranked business schools in Spain consistently rank among the top 20 business schools globally and offer MBA programs (in English or Spanish) as well as other

Madrid 31

business degrees Other Madrid business schools and universities that have MBA programs includebull EAE Business School (in English and Spanish)bull Universidad Carlos III de Madrid through the Centro de Ampliacioacuten Estudios (in English or Spanish)bull Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid (in Spanish only)bull Universidad Politeacutecnica de Madrid (in Spanish only)

TransportMadrid is served by highly developed communication infrastructures making the Spanish capital the leadinglogistics hub for both Spain and all of southern Europe It also boasts a network of motorways encompassing bothring roads and radial roads and provides the backbone for Spains railway network thereby providing effectiveconnections with not only other parts of the region but also the rest of Spain and Europe as a whole Madrid ranksalongside Tokyo and Paris as one of the worlds three largest high-speed railway hubs Madrid is also home to theMadrid-Barajas airport Spains flagship airport and one of the largest in the world

Madrid Barajas Airport (T4 Station)

Madrid-Barajas Airport is Spains busiest airport and is the main hub of IberiaAirlines It consequently serves as the main gateway to the Iberian peninsulafrom Europe America and the rest of the world Current passenger volumesrange upwards of 498 million passengers per year making it the countryslargest and busiest airport and in 2009 it was the worlds 11th busiest airport[110]

and Europes fourth busiest airport Given annual increases close to 10 a newfourth terminal has been constructed It has significantly reduced delays anddoubled the capacity of the airport to more than 70 million passengers per yearTwo additional runways have also been constructed making Barajas a fullyoperational four-runway airport

The airport is located within the city limits of Madrid at 9 km (56 mi) from thecitys financial district and 13 km (81 mi) northeast of the Puerta del SolMadrids historic centre The airport name derives from the adjacent district ofBarajas which has its own metro station on the same rail line serving the airport

The Councillor of Transports of the Community of Madrid Manuel Lamela announced in 2007 that the city willalso be served by two new airports which are expected to be fully operative in 2016 the first of which will be locatedin Campo Real it will be initially be used for cargo flights but also as hub for low-cost carriers and the second oneexpected to be built between the two municipalities of El Aacutelamo and Navalcarnero which will only take over theroutes operating in Cuatro Vientos Airport

Madrid 32

National rail

Atocha railway station

Madrid Metro Map

Spains railway system the Red Nacional de Ferrocarriles Espantildeoles(RENFE) operates the vast majority of Spains railways CercaniacuteasMadrid is the commuter rail service that serves Madrid and itsmetropolitan area It is operated by Cercaniacuteas Renfe the commuter raildivision of Renfe The total length spans 3391 km Main rail terminalsare Atocha in the south and Chamartiacuten in the north

The most important project in the next decade is the Spanish highspeed rail network Alta Velocidad Espantildeola AVE Currently anambitious plan includes the construction of a 7000-kilometre(4300 mi) network centred on Madrid The overall goal is to have allimportant provincial cities be no more than 4 hours away from Madridand no more than 6 hours away from Barcelona As of 2008 AVEhigh-speed trains link Atocha station to Seville Maacutelaga CoacuterdobaCiudad Real and Toledo in the south and to Cuenca AlbaceteValencia Zaragoza Lleida Tarragona and Barcelona in the east AVEtrains also arrive from Valladolid in the north

A modern metro train (type 2000)

Serving a population of some five million the Madrid Metro is one ofthe most extensive and fastest-growing metro networks in theworld[111] With the addition of a loop serving suburbs to Madridssouth-west Metrosur it is now the second largest metro system inWestern Europe second only to Londons Underground In 2007Madrids metro system was expanded and it currently runs over 283kilometres (176 mi) of line The province of Madrid is also served byan extensive commuter rail network of 370 kilometres (230 mi) calledCercaniacuteas

The system is the sixth longest metro in the world after London New York Moscow Seoul and Shanghai thoughMadrid is approximately the fiftieth most populous metropolitan area in the world Its fast growth in the last 20 yearshas also put it among the fastest growing networks in the world on par with the Shanghai Metro and the BeijingSubway Unlike normal Spanish road and rail traffic Madrid Metro trains use left-hand running on some lines due tohistorical reasons

Madrid 33

BusesThis railway network is ably supported by an ever-expanding network of city buses The overall length of the busnetwork of Madrids Municipal Transport Corporation (Empresa Municipal de Transportes or EMT) at yearclose2008 when 426 million passengers were transported stood at 3690 kilometres marking a 31 increase over the lasteight years These routes are serviced by a growing fleet of over 2000 vehicles while the network as a whole isundergoing a continuous improvement process with a view to attaining the utmost standards of speed quality andsustainability

Madrids motorway hub network

Madrid is the most important hub of Spains motorway network and issurrounded by four orbital motorways M30 M40 M45 and M50 M30circles the central districts and is the inner ring motorway of MadridSignificant portions of M30 runs underground and its urban motorwaytunnels have sections of more than 6 km (373 mi) in length and 3 to 6lanes in each direction between the south entry of the Avenida dePortugal tunnel and the north exit of the M-30 south by-pass there areclose to 10 km (621 mi) of continuous tunnels M40 is a ringmotorway which borders Madrid at a mean distance of 1007kilometres (626 mi) and it has a total length of 633 km (3933 mi)M45 is a partial ring around the city serving the metropolitan area of

Madrid It was built to help alleviate the congestion of the M40 from the southern to the north-eastern runs betweenthe M40 and the M50 where the two ring motorways are more separated M50 is the outer of the Madrid orbitalmotorways and has a total length of 85 km (5282 mi) It services mainly the metropolitan area at a mean distance of135 km (839 mi)

The most important radial autoviacuteas of Madrid are

Signal Denomination Itinerary

A-1 Autoviacutea del Norte Madrid ndash Aranda de Duero ndash Burgos ndash Miranda de Ebro ndash Vitoria ndash San Sebastiaacuten

A-2 Autoviacutea del Nordeste Madrid ndash Guadalajara ndash Zaragoza ndash Leacuterida ndash Barcelona

A-3 Autoviacutea del Este Madrid ndash Valencia

A-4 Autoviacutea del Sur Madrid ndash Coacuterdoba ndash Sevilla ndash Jerez ndash Caacutediz

A-5 Autoviacutea del Suroeste Madrid ndash Talavera de la Reina ndash Navalmoral de la Mata ndash Meacuterida ndash Badajoz ndash Portugal

A-6 Autoviacutea del Noroeste Madrid ndash Medina del Campo ndash Benavente ndash Astorga ndash Ponferrada ndash Lugo ndash La Coruntildea

A-42 Autoviacutea de Toledo Madrid ndash Illescas ndash Toledo

Radial tolled autopistas (named R-n instead of A-n) form a new system of accesses to the capital that merges withtheir autoviacutea counterparts far from Madrid The main advantage to these roads is that they allow true fast travel fromthe first kilometer

Madrid 34

R-2 Autopista Radial 2 Madrid (M-40)mdashM-50mdashGuadalajara (A-2)

R-3 Autopista Radial 3 Madrid (M-30)mdashArganda del Rey (A-3)

R-4 Autopista Radial 4 Madrid (M-50)mdashAranjuezmdashOcantildea (A-4A-40AP-36)

R-5 Autopista Radial 5 Madrid (M-40)mdashNavalcarnero (A-5)

M-12 Eje aeropuerto Madrid (M-40)mdashM-11mdashAirport terminal 4mdashA-1

International relations

Twin towns and sister citiesList of twin towns sister cities and partner cities[112]

bull Abu Dhabi United ArabEmirates

bull Havana Cuba bull Panama City Panama bull Santo Domingo DominicanRepublic

bull Asuncioacuten Paraguay bull La Paz Bolivia bull Paris France bull Sarajevo Bosnia andHerzegovina

bull Beijing Chinabull Lima Peru bull Quito Ecuador bull Sofia Bulgaria

bull Berlin Germany bull Lisbon Portugal bull Prague CzechRepublic

bull Tegucigalpa Honduras

bull Bogotaacute Colombia bull Managua Nicaragua bull Rabat Moroccobull Tirana Albania

bull Bordeaux France bull Manila Philippines bull Rio de Janeiro Brazilbull Tripoli Libya

bull Brussels Belgium bull Mexico City Mexico bull Rome Italybull Warsaw Poland

bull Budapest Hungary bull Montevideo Uruguay bull San Jose Costa Rica

bull Buenos Aires Argentina bull Moscow Russia bull San Juan Puerto Rico

bull Caracas Venezuela bull New York City UnitedStates

bull San Salvador ElSalvador

bull Guatemala CityGuatemala

bull Nouakchott Mauritaniabull Santiago Chile

Other historic buildings

Cisneros House Casa de la Villa Museumof

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Royal Palace of ElPardo

SpanishMinistry ofAgriculture

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

SGAE Seat Royal Palace ofMadrid

CarrioacutenBuilding

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

References[1] Los fuegos que conmocionaron Madrid (http www 20minutos es noticia 149137 0 cronologia incendios madrid ) (in Spanish)

20minutoses 6 September 2006 Retrieved 13 August 2008[2] D Ramoacuten de Mesonero Romanos (1881) El antiguo Madrid paseos histoacutericos-anecdoacuteticos por las calles y casas de esta villa (http

www cervantesvirtual com servlet SirveObras 12253853120148273432435 p0000002 htm) In Oficinas de la Ilustracioacuten Espantildeola yAmericana (in Spanish) Retrieved 13 August 2008

[3] La dominacioacuten aacuterabe(Arab rule) The city of Mayrit a fortress in its origin was founded by the end of the IX century (http wwwmadridamano com historia op=hist3) (in Spanish) Retrieved 7 August 2011

[4] http www munimadrid es portales munimadrid en Homevgnextfmt=defaultampvgnextchannel=1ccd566813946010VgnVCM100000dc0ca8c0RCRDamp idioma=enamp idiomaPrevio=enamp combo=1

[5] INEes (http www ine es nomen2 index doaccion=busquedaDesdeHomeamp language=1amp nombrePoblacion=madridamp x=0amp y=0)Instituto Nacional de Estadiacutestica (National Statistics Institute)

[6] Eurostat - Tables Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table (http epp eurostat ec europa eu tgm table dotab=tableamp init=1amplanguage=enamp pcode=tgs00080amp plugin=1) Eppeurostateceuropaeu 2 April 2012 Retrieved 9 November 2012

[7] World Urban Areas Population amp Density (http www demographia com db-worldua pdf) (PDF) Demographia Retrieved 10 August2008

[8] Eurostat UrbanAuditorg (http www urbanaudit org DataAccessed aspx) Retrieved 12 March 2009 Data for 2004[9] Brinkoff Thomas Principal Agglomerations of the World (http www citypopulation de world Agglomerations html) Retrieved 12

March 2009 Data for 1 January 2009[10] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs World Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision) (http www un org esa

population publications wup2007 2007WUP_Highlights_web pdf) (United Nations 2008) Table A12 Data for 2007[11] Member of the Governing Council Delegate for Economy Employment and Citizen Involvement (http www madrid es

UnidadesDescentralizadas UDCObservEconomico MadridEconomia Ficheros MadridEconomia2010Ingles pdf) (PDF) p 6 Retrieved 3September 2012

[12] Madrid (http www indiana edu ~overseas flyers mad_ies html) Indianaedu 10 July 2006 [13] Global city GDP rankings 2008ndash2025 (https www ukmediacentre pwc com imagelibrary downloadMedia

ashxMediaDetailsID=1562) Pricewaterhouse Coopers Retrieved 20 November 2009[14] Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network Loughborough University The World According to GaWC 2010

(http www lboro ac uk gawc world2010t html) [15] Global Power City Index 2009 (http www mori-m-foundation or jp english research project 6 pdf GPCI2009_English pdf)

(PDF) Retrieved 14 April 2011[16] Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index (http www mastercard com us company en insights pdfs 2008

MCWW_WCoC-Report_2008 pdf) (PDF) Retrieved 3 September 2012[17] Global Power City Index (http www mori-m-foundation or jp english research project 6 pdf GPCI2009_English pdf) (PDF)

Retrieved 3 September 2012[18] Monocles Worlds Most Liveable Cities Index 2009 (http www monocle com Magazine volume-3 Issue-25 ) Monoclecom 10

June 2009 Retrieved 18 October 2010[19] Top 20 liveable cities ndash 10 Madrid (http www monocle com sections affairs Magazine-Articles Top-20-liveable-cities---10-Madrid

) Monoclecom Retrieved 18 October 2010[20] Greenest cities in Europe City Mayors (3 March 2010) (http www citymayors com environment greenest-cities-europe html)

Madrid 36

[21] IOC selects three cities as Candidates for the 2020 Olympic Games (http www olympic org newsarticleid=160523amparticlenewsgroup=-1) Olympicorg 12 August 2012 Retrieved 3 September 2012

[22] (http www ifema es web ferias fitur default html)[23] Arte Contemporaneo en Espantildea - ARCOmadrid (http www ifema es web ferias arco default html) Ifemaes Retrieved 9

November 2012[24] (http www ifema es simonetwork_06 ) SIMO TCI[25] (http www mercedesbenzfashionweekmadrid com eng)Cibeles Madrid Fashion Week[26] Arquitectura Edificios de los Museos Estatales (http www mcu es museos CE MuseosEstatales Arquitectura

ListadoMusEstMadrid html) Mcues 25 January 2012 Retrieved 7 August 2012[27] Its also home to the [[Santiago Bernabeu Stadium (http www easyexpat com madrid_en overview_geography htm)] home to Real

Madrid Madrid ] Easy expat 11 August 2006[28] Plaza de Cibeles | Spaininfo in english (http www spain info en lugares_de_interes madrid plaza_de_cibeles html) Spaininfo

Retrieved 7 August 2012[29] Madrids Palacio de Cibeles Renovated Into Jaw-Dropping CentroCentro Cultural Center | Inhabitat ndash Sustainable Design Innovation Eco

Architecture Green Building (http inhabitat com madrids-palacio-de-cibeles-renovated-into-jaw-dropping-centrocentro-cultural-center )Inhabitat Retrieved 7 August 2012

[30] Cibeles Fountain ndash Tourism in Madrid (http www turismomadrid es en component guides view=monumentoamp id=13)Turismomadrides Retrieved 7 August 2012

[31] Madrid History ndash Museums ndash Suggested Itineraries Madrid (http www indigoguide com spain madrid-history htm)Indigoguidecom Retrieved 3 February 2010

[32] Xavier Delamarre Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise eacuteditions errance 2003 p 258[33] El origen del nombre (http www nova es ~jlb mad_es05 htm) JLL amp JRP 16 August 2006 [34] La prehistoria de Madrid (http www nova es ~jlb mad_es04 htm) Retrieved 13 March 2007[35][35] Ocupaciones achelenses en el valle del Jarama (Arganda Madrid)Santonja Manuel Loacutepez Martiacutenez Nieves y Peacuterez-Gonzaacutelez

Alfredo1980Diputacioacuten provincial de MadridISBN 84-500-3554-6[36][36] El Madrid antiguo en eacutepoca romanaFernaacutendez Palacios FernandoEstudios de Prehistoria y Arqueologiacutea MadrilentildeasNumber 13 year 2004[37] Madrid Islaacutemico (http www nova es ~jlb mad_es08 htm) Novaes Retrieved 7 August 2012[38][38] It was recorded in the fifteenth century by the Arab geographer al-Himyari who his book The Perfurmed Garden book about the news of

the countries (Kitab al Rawd to mitar) describes Madrid remarkable city of Al-Andalus which was built by Amir Muhammad ibn Abdar-Rahman

[39] Ayuntamiento de Madrid ndash Alfonso VI en Madrid (http www madrid es portales munimadrid es Inicio AyuntamientoUn-paseo-por-su-historia Madrid-antiguo-y-medieval Alfonso-VI-en-Madridvgnextfmt=defaultampvgnextoid=612c315b048b9010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRDamp vgnextchannel=56602c91497b9010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD) (inSpanish) Madrides Retrieved 7 August 2012

[40] E L M A D R I D M E D I E V A L = Joseacute Manuel Castellanos Ontildeate (http elmadridmedieval jmcastellanos com )Elmadridmedievaljmcastellanoscom Retrieved 7 August 2012

[41] Ayuntamiento de Madrid ndash El Siglo XIII (http www madrid es portales munimadrid es Inicio AyuntamientoUn-paseo-por-su-historia Madrid-antiguo-y-medieval El-Siglo-XIIIvgnextfmt=defaultampvgnextoid=51ac315b048b9010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRDamp vgnextchannel=56602c91497b9010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD) (inSpanish) Madrides Retrieved 7 August 2012

[42] This and other sixteenth and seventeenth century views of Madrid (from Frederic de Witt and Pedro Texeira)can be seen at this website(http elmadridmedieval jmcastellanos com Planos planos00 htm)

[43][43] Esarte Pedro (2001) Navarra 1512-1530 Pamplona Pamiela ISBN 84-7681-340-6[44] Ayuntamiento de Madrid ndash Madrid capital (http www madrid es portales munimadrid es Inicio Ayuntamiento

Un-paseo-por-su-historia La-ciudad-desde-la-llegada-de-la-Corte Madrid-capitalvgnextfmt=defaultampvgnextoid=fbf2378305898110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRDamp vgnextchannel=94321cf0ceca8110VgnVCM1000000b205a0aRCRD) (inSpanish) Madrides Retrieved 7 August 2012

[45] Ayuntamiento de Madrid ndash El Madrid del Siglo de Oro (http www madrid es portales munimadrid es Inicio AyuntamientoUn-paseo-por-su-historia La-ciudad-desde-la-llegada-de-la-Corte El-Madrid-del-Siglo-de-Orovgnextfmt=defaultampvgnextoid=c387378305898110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRDamp vgnextchannel=94321cf0ceca8110VgnVCM1000000b205a0aRCRD) (inSpanish) Madrides Retrieved 7 August 2012

[46] (http ctb dia uned es academias academias html) Royal Academies[47] Ayuntamiento de Madrid ndash Madrid bajo el signo del reformismo ilustrado (http www madrid es portales munimadrid es Inicio

Ayuntamiento Un-paseo-por-su-historia La-ciudad-desde-la-llegada-de-la-CorteMadrid-bajo-el-signo-del-reformismo-ilustradovgnextfmt=defaultamp vgnextoid=b33ab4b0a6898110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRDampvgnextchannel=94321cf0ceca8110VgnVCM1000000b205a0aRCRD) (in Spanish) Madrides Retrieved 7 August 2012

[48] Ayuntamiento de Madrid ndash Madrid y la Guerra de la Independencia (http www madrid es portales munimadrid es Inicio

Ayuntamiento Un-paseo-por-su-historia La-ciudad-desde-la-llegada-de-la-Corte

Madrid-y-la-Guerra-de-la-Independenciavgnextfmt=defaultamp vgnextoid=76e2b798e1e98110VgnVCM1000000b205a0aRCRDamp

Madrid 37

vgnextchannel=94321cf0ceca8110VgnVCM1000000b205a0aRCRD) (in Spanish) Madrides Retrieved 7 August 2012[49] ^ (http www madrid es portales munimadrid es Inicio Ayuntamiento Un-paseo-por-su-historia

La-ciudad-desde-la-llegada-de-la-Corte El-Madrid-liberalvgnextfmt=defaultampvgnextoid=311b9ad2a7898110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRDamp vgnextchannel=94321cf0ceca8110VgnVCM1000000b205a0aRCRD)

[50] Madrid de territorio fronterizo a regioacuten metropolitana Madrid from being the frontier to become a Metropole (http www ucm esinfo hcontemp leoc madrid I htmINDICE) (in Spanish) History of Madrid Luis Enrique Otero Carvajal (Profesor Titular de HistoriaContemporaacutenea Universidad Complutense Madrid) Retrieved 28 October 2007

[51] Pleno de Madrid (Spanish Only) (http www munimadrid es portal site munimadrid menuitem5fbdbaf471a1b0aa7d245f019fc08a0c vgnextoid=da51a5a66b2ce010VgnVCM1000000b205a0aRCRDampvgnextchannel=f4ea39b48936c010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD) (in Spanish) Munimadrides Retrieved 13 April 2010

[52] Local Government Organization (Spanish Only) (http www munimadrid es portales munimadrid es Inicio El-AyuntamientoGobierno-y-Administracion Junta-de-Gobierno-de-la-Ciudad-de-Madrid Junta-de-Gobierno-de-la-Ciudad-de-Madridvgnextfmt=especial3ampvgnextoid=f22aad613938d010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRDamp vgnextchannel=18b9e3d5d3e07010VgnVCM100000dc0ca8c0RCRD) (inSpanish) Munimadrides Retrieved 13 April 2010

[53] Tipos de clima (http www ign es espmap mapas_clima_bach Mapa_clima_13 htm) (in Spanish) [54] Gawsis 22 (http gaw empa ch gawsis reports aspStationID=-739518962) [55] Standard Climate Values Madrid (http www aemet es en serviciosclimaticos datosclimatologicos valoresclimatologicosl=3195amp

k=mad) AEMet Nov 2011 Retrieved 17 November 2011[56] Standard Climate Values Madrid Aeropuerto (http www aemet es en serviciosclimaticos datosclimatologicos

valoresclimatologicosl=3129amp k=mad) AEMet Retrieved 17 November 2011[57] http www ine es jaxi menu dotype=pcaxisamp path=2Ft202Fe260amp file=inebaseamp L=1[58] Foreign Population in the city of madrid A study by the Direccioacuten General de Estadiacutestica of the municipality of Madrid (http www

munimadrid es UnidadesDescentralizadas UDCEstadistica Publicaciones PoblacionExtranjera 1Julio2007 Extranjeros_Julio07 pdf)(PDF) Retrieved 13 April 2010

[59][59] Royal Palace of Madrid[60] Overview Economy of Madrid (http www easyexpat com madrid_en overview_economy htm) EasyExpat 16 August 2006 [61] Madrid Economy (http www esmadrid com recursos doc en Negocio ObservatorioEconomico 829557579_161200885839 pdf)

(PDF) Empresa Municipal Promocioacuten de Madrid Retrieved 15 August 2008[62] City Mayors reviews the richest cities in the world in 2005 (http www citymayors com statistics richest-cities-2005 html)

Citymayorscom 11 March 2007 Retrieved 8 July 2009[63] Colpisa Ocho regiones espantildeolas superan ya el PIB medio de la Unioacuten Europea La Verdad (http www laverdad es murcia

20080218 economia ocho-regiones-espanolas-superan-20080218 html) Laverdades Retrieved 8 July 2009[64] The worlds best financial cities (http www citymayors com economics financial-cities html) City Mayors [65] El salario medio bruto se acerca a 2000 euros en el segundo trimestre del antildeo (http www elmundo es mundodinero 2007 09 20

economia 1190291524 html) elmundoes 29 September 2007 Retrieved 8 July 2009[66] Worlds richest cities in 2008 (http www citymayors com economics richest_cities html) City Mayors Retrieved 8 July 2009[67] Museo Reina Sofiacutea (MNCARS) official english webpage (http www museoreinasofia es index_en html) [68] Kandell Jonathan (28 April 2002) Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza Industrialist Who Built Fabled Art Collection Dies at 81 (http www

nytimes com 2002 04 28 nyregion baron-thyssen-bornemisza-industrialist-who-built-fabled-art-collection-dies-81 htmlpagewanted=all)The New York Times Retrieved 7 August 2012

[69] Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum official english webpage (http www museothyssen org en thyssen home) [70] The Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando Museum Madrid (http www gomadrid com museums bellas-artes html)

Gomadridcom Retrieved 14 April 2011[71] (http karaart com botero fernando_botero html)[72] http www patrimonionacional es Home Palacios-Reales Palacio-Real-de-Madrid aspx[73] Ignacio Saacutenchez Ramiacuterez ndash info visionados com Museo Arqueoloacutegico Nacional | Inicio (http man mcu es ) Manmcues

Retrieved 1 June 2011[74] Museo de Ameacuterica (http museodeamerica mcu es) Museodeamericamcues Retrieved 1 June 2011[75] Portada (http www mncn csic es ) MNCN 27 May 2011 Retrieved 2 June 2011[76] Patrimonio Nacional ndash Monasterio de las Descalzas Reales (http www patrimonionacional es Home Monasterios-y-Conventos

Monasterio-de-las-Descalzas-Reales aspx) Patrimonionacionales Retrieved 14 April 2011[77] Fundacioacuten Laacutezaro Galdiano museum website (http www flg es museo museo htm) Flges Retrieved 14 April 2011[78] Museo de Artes Decorativas (http mnartesdecorativas mcu es) Mnartesdecorativasmcues Retrieved 1 June 2011[79] Museo del Romanticismo (http museoromanticismo mcu es) Museoromanticismomcues Retrieved 1 June 2011[80] Museo Cerralbo (http museocerralbo mcu es) Museo Cerralbo Retrieved 1 June 2011[81] Museo Nacional de Antropologiacutea (http mnantropologia mcu es ) Mnantropologiamcues Retrieved 1 June 2011[82] Museo Sorolla (http museosorolla mcu es ) Museo Sorolla Retrieved 1 June 2011[83] Real Decreto 11091993 de 9 de julio por el que se aprueba los Estatutos de la Real Academia Espantildeola (http noticias juridicas com

base_datos Admin rd1109-1993 html) Noticiasjuridicascom 21 January 2011 Retrieved 14 April 2011

Madrid 38

[84] National Library website (http www bne es es Colecciones )[85] MSOnet - http www mso net amp 32 Things to do in Madrid ndash Popular sightseeing activities amp things to do in Madrid (http www

directline-citybreaks co uk Madrid Things To Do) Directline-citybreakscouk Retrieved 14 June 2010[86] 11 Festival Escena Contemporaacutenea (http escenacontemporanea com 2011 ) Escenacontemporaneacom Retrieved 14 June 2010[87] Festival Alternativo de las Artes Esceacutenicas Madrid Spain ndash Things to Do Reviews (http www nileguide com destination madrid

things-to-do festival-alternativo-de-las-artes-escenicas 369837) NileGuidecom Retrieved 14 June 2010[88] Addis Network SL SpainTube ndash Art Madrid iquestAlternativo o complementario a ARCO ndash Galeria Arte Rita CastelloteArte

Contemporaneo en Madrid (http www galeriaritacastellote es content 132 158 0 1 1SpainTube-Art-Madrid-Alternativo-o-complementario-a-ARCO htm) Galeriaritacastellotees Retrieved 14 June 2010

[89] Madrids Bohemian Best Exploring Lavapieacutes ndash La Castiza (http en momondo com blogs lacastiza archive 2009 10 28lavapi-233-s aspx) Enmomondocom Retrieved 14 June 2010

[90] Madrid Neighbourhoods Lavapieacutes Going out eating drinking and bohemian cool ndash Notes from Madrid ndash Tapas bars restaurantsshopping and nightlife in Madrid (http www notesfrommadrid com category by-barrio lavapies ) Notesfrommadridcom 15November 2007 Retrieved 14 June 2010

[91] El Rastro amp Lavapieacutes (http www whatmadrid com lavapies html) Whatmadridcom Retrieved 14 June 2010[92] Auditorio Nacional de Muacutesica (http www timeout com madrid music venue 13683 auditorio-nacional-de-musica) Time Out

Retrieved 19 August 2009[93] Orquesta Sinfoacutenica Chamartiacuten-Historia (in Spanish) (http www oschamartin org osc index phpoption=com_contentamp task=viewamp

id=12amp Itemid=35) Orquesta Sinfoacutenica Chamartiacuten 20 February 2008 Retrieved 28 August 2008[94] Teatro Real (Timeout Madrid) (http www timeout com madrid music venue 13686 teatro-real) Retrieved 31 January 2009[95] History of the Teatro de la Zarzuela (http teatrodelazarzuela mcu es teatro historia asp)[96] Teatro de la Zarzuela ndash Timeout Madrid (http www timeout com madrid music venue 13687 teatro-de-la-zarzuela)

Timeoutcom Retrieved 13 April 2010[97] La Orquesta Sinfoacutenica (in Spanish) (http www rtve es orquesta orquesta index php) RTVE Retrieved 24 August 2009[98] Madrid Bids for 2020 Olympic Games (http edition cnn com 2011 SPORT 07 13 sport olympics madrid 2020 ) CNN 13 July

2011 Retrieved 15 September 2011[99] Valiente Emeterio (25 April 2010) Course record for Cherogony while Gebrselassie jogs to 10 km (621 mi) victory ndash Madrid Marathon

report (http www iaaf org LRR10 news newsid=56564 html) IAAF Retrieved 29 April 2010[100] Madrid Advances 2020 Olympics Ambitions Doha Still Considering Bid (http www aroundtherings com articles view

aspxid=37465) Aroundtheringscom 13 July 2011 Retrieved 15 September 2011[101] Sistema Educativo LOE by the Spanish Ministry of Education(Spanish Only) (http web archive org web 20080412073035 http

www mec es educa sistema-educativo loe sistema-educativo-loe html) (in Spanish) Meces Archived from the original (http wwwmec es educa sistema-educativo loe sistema-educativo-loe html) on 12 April 2008 Retrieved 13 April 2010

[102] Universidad Complutense (http www umsl edu services abroad universities complutense html) Missouri-St Louis University 10July 2006

[103] Complutense University of Madrid (http portal ucm es en web en-ucm seven-centuries-of-history) UCM [104] Universidad Autoacutenoma (http www uam es) Universidad Autoacutenoma de Madrid 10 July 2006 [105] El Mundo 50 Carreras 2008 (http www elmundo es especiales 2008 05 cultura 50carreras index html) [106] El Mundo 250 Masters 2007 (http aula2 elmundo es aula especiales 2007 250masters index html) [107] Department of Economics U Carlos III de Madrid (http www eco uc3m es) [108] wwweconphdnet (http www econphd net rankings htm) [109] http es wikipedia org wiki Universidad_CEU_San_Pablo|Universidad[110] ACI Passenger Traffic Data ndash 2009 (http www airports org cda aci_common display main aci_content07_c jspzn=aciamp

cp=1-5-54-55-9812_666_2__) Airportsorg 5 August 2010 Retrieved 14 April 2011[111] Madrid Metro (http urbanrail net eu mad madrid htm) Robert Schwandl 17 August 2006 [112] Madrid city council webpage Mapa Mundi de las ciudades hermanadas (http www munimadrid es portal site munimadrid

menuitem dbd5147a4ba1b0aa7d245f019fc08a0c vgnextoid=4e84399a03003110VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRDampvgnextchannel=4e98823d3a37a010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRDamp vgnextfmt=especial1ampidContenido=1da69a4192b5b010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD) Ayuntamiento de Madrid Madrid city council webpage

Madrid 39

External linksbull City of Madrid (http www munimadrid es portales munimadrid en Homevgnextfmt=defaultamp

vgnextchannel=1ccd566813946010VgnVCM100000dc0ca8c0RCRDamp idioma=enamp idiomaPrevio=enampcombo=1)

bull Official website of Madrid on tourism and business (http www esmadrid com en portal do)bull Official Website Of Tourism in Spain Tourism in Madrid (http www spain info en ven grandes-ciudades

madrid html)bull Metro of Madrid (http www metromadrid es en index html)bull Transport Information System of Madrid (http www ctm-madrid es servlet IdiomaServletxh_IDIOMA=2)bull WikiSatellite view of Madrid at WikiMapia (http www wikimapia org y=40420000amp x=-3710000amp z=11amp

l=1amp m=a)bull OPENCities participant (http opencities britishcouncil org web index phpp_madrid_en)bull History of Madrid (http www ucm es info hcontemp leoc madrid htm) (Spanish)bull A guide to the natural history of Madrid (http www iberianature com material wild_nature_sites

wild_madrid madrid_nature htm) (Spanish)bull Website about Madrid Tourist Top Attractions (http www madridtourist info )bull Gay Madrid (http www gayinfospain com gay-destinations gay-madrid )

Article Sources and Contributors 40

Article Sources and ContributorsMadrid Source httpenwikipediaorgwindexphpoldid=526332432 Contributors 08OceanBeach SD 1297 1478341xxx 16r 1brettsnyder 1exec1 2D 334a 4twenty42o 5 albertsquare 7OA 90 Auto A bit iffy A little insignificant A18919 A8UDI ACP ACSE AKGhetto Aan Abdullais4u Acheronovich Acroterion Adambiswanger1 Addshore AdeMiamiAdjustShift Adriaan Ahoerstemeier Ahuskay Aim Here Aitias AjaxSmack Akai Goth Akubra Aladamnbama Alansohn Alboran Albrecht Ale jrb Alejfig Alepik Alexandru StanoiAlexcyv37 Alexius08 AlexiusHoratius Alexkin Aligater AlisonDavey Allen3 Allenkyle07 Allens Almanegra Altzinn Alunjohn Alvy Alx123 Aly89 Amaury Amire80 AnakngArawAnaxial Ancla33 Andersmusician Andre Engels AndreNatas Andresjaqueovejero Andrew D White AndrewHowse Andrewrp Andromeda Andromeda53 Andromeda54 Andy MarchbanksAndyluciano Angela Angr Angusmclellan Anguspm Annielogue Anorexia nervosa999 Anshuk Antandrus AntonioMartin Aoi Aquintero82 Arakunem Aresceo Artdemon01 ArthenaAsocall Astho7 Asyndeton Atlantajoseph Atomaton Attilios Avala Avendano Averette Avillia Avoided Avono Avrv AxG B15nes7 BD2412 BL2593 Babyjane101 BadgerpatrolBaldBoris Barcelonanick Barek Baroque1700 Bart133 Basawala Bask Basquetteur Bcnviajero Bcorr Beachlife Bear Stearned Beetstra Before My Ken Beland Bemasc Ben BenBen-Zin Benedicto16 Benny 919 Bentley4 Bento00 Bentogoa Benzband Benzocane Berkaysnklf Betacommand Betterusername BeverlyCrusher Bgag Biker Biker BillCook BiruitorulBkwillwm Blackjays BladesOfOblivion Bleaney Blethering Scot Bluemoose Bobo The Ninja Bobo192 Bobsheth Bolivian Unicyclist Boothy443 Bornhj Bornintheguz BranddobbeBrandmeister Brandon1978 Brian Crawford Brian the Editor BrianKnez Brideshead Bryan Derksen Burgas00 Burgundavia Bydand Byeonggwan CJLL Wright CPMcE CTF83 Caca577CalJW Calabraxthis Calatayudboy CalicoCatLover Calmer Waters Caltas Cant sleep clown will eat me Canadaolympic989 Cap10xb1s Capricorn42 CarTick Carlinhos1976 CarlosQuesada Carmelapena Casmith 789 Catgut Cburnett Cckkab Cdc Cdlw93 Cenarium Cflm001 Charles Matthews CharlotteWebb Chase me ladies Im the Cavalry Ched Chelsea FCSucks Chenzw Chowdon Chris K Chris Mason Chrismcam Chriss2 Christopher Parham Chronus Chun-hian Ciceronl Cid Campeador Cjvasco Ck lostsword Ckatz CleducClosedmouth Cmathio Cmdrjameson Cmontero Cncs wikipedia CoJaBo CoYep Colnce Colonies Chris Color probe Comayagua99 Cometstyles CommonsDelinker Complex (de)Conan1505 Condem Connormah Conraddaman Conte di Cavour ContinentalAve Cooling tower train walrus Courcelles Covington CrazyC83 Cready01 Creation7689 CreationLTDCremepuff222 Cristianrodenas Criticalthinker Cryptic C62 CryptoDerk Cs-wolves Curps Cuyaya Cyrius D-Day D0762 D6 DARTH SIDIOUS 2 DBigXray DHumilde DONeil DVdmDabisu Dabomb87 Daduzi Dale Arnett Danielrubio1987 Dannyrevell Danwalk Dark Mage Darz Mol Dave souza DaveEffecks Davepape David Biddulph Davido Davidsm87Daytonarolexboston Dbseattle De Boni 2007 De728631 Deanb Deanos Deegar Deibid Delldot Demiurge Demiurge1000 Den fjaumlttrade ankan Denisarona Deor DerBorg DerHexerDerechoReguerraz Derek R Bullamore Derekcashman Desaparicio Deus Ex Deville Dewritech Dhp1080 Dianaruttman1 Diliff Diogo sfreitas Discospinster Disevitt Distal24 DivibisanDivineIntervention Dlgoe Dl2000 Dmn Dneale52 Docu Dolphin Jedi Doniasis Doorfo Dormskirk Dosh1997 Download Dpol Dppowell Dr jkl Dr Blofeld Drama96queen DreadedWalrus Dreadstar Drmies Dynamax Dysepsion Duacutenadan EagerToddler39 Eboracum Ecemaml Ed g2s Editnat Edrokov Eisnel El C El Cid Cabreador Elammal Elassint ElbernszieveElinorD Enemyusuar Enric Naval Enriquecornejo Epbr123 Equendil Erianna Eric82oslo EricEnfermero Error Escape Orbit EspanaViva Esrever Estradin Estrellador Etf EtincellesEugeneZelenko Everyking Evlekis Evolt Excirial Extreme Valor FDV FF2010 FGaribay Fabrictramp FacetsOfRuby Falcon8765 Fekerfanta Fepaz0024 Fieldday-sunday FireinthegolFiretouch Fish and karate Fleoneacutes Flewis Flix11 Fluorhydric Fluri Flutefreek Foxy Vandy Van FrankAndProust Fratrep Freakant Fred Bradstadt FreddyMc FreplySpang FudoreaperFunnyhat Fvasconcellos G Capo GDonato GHe GS3 Gaius Cornelius Garcilaso Garion96 Garyingram Ged UK Gene Nygaard Genghis Kant Geniac Geographer George Adam HorvaacutethGeorgeMoney Ghaly Gidonb Giftlite Gil Gamesh Gilgamesh Glen Globe-trotter Godefroy Goochelaar Gotsilas99 GraemeL Graham87 Gralo GrayFullbuster Greedybear1999 GreenGiant Greenshed Grstain Grutness Gsklee Guillermosicilia Gurch Gwernol Goacutengora HVH Haakon Habbit Haerenia Hagerman Hajvalia HalfShadow Hallows AG Hammer1980Hardouin Hargrimm Harry1153 Harryboyles Hbent Hbeths118 Henry Flower Herbythyme Hesky10 Hiberniantears Hibou8 Hillel Hinzel Hmains Hodzha Hottentot HueSatLumHuertas Husond Hut 85 Hydrogen Iodide IANVS II MusLiM HyBRiD II INkubusse IRISZOOM Ice-Fox Idle-iberian Ief IgnatiusReilly Igoldste Imperium Europeum InfrogmationInliten Inter-man Intheend100 Inwind Iohannes Animosus Iridescent Isewell Itsonlymark Izehar J-boogie Jdelanoy J4vier JHMM13 JNW JPD JaGa Jacksav Jagged Jahangard Jak123Jake Wartenberg Jakeruston23 JamesBWatson Jamespeterka Jamppa4720 Jan eissfeldt Jaraalbe Jaume87 Javiaven Javitomad Jaxl JdeJ Jdorney Jdperren Jeepday Jeff G Jeff3000JeremyA Jersey Devil Jhendin Jicannon Jim Michael Jimfbleak JinJian Jkiang Jmabel Jmartinezot Jncraton Jni JoanneB JoeSmack Joey80 John John of Reading JohnCD JohnanthJohnnyboy14 Jojhutton Jondel Jonik Jonnyboy5 Jonwood1 JoostLaane Jorge Calvo de Mora Jorge6880 Jortegag Jose77 Josegago82 Josemarear Joseph Solis in Australia Joshbuddy JoseacuteAntonio Redondo Jpmcruiser Jpo Jreferee JuJube Juan 56 JuandeVillanueva Juanmartinbravo Juliancolton Juliette09o0 Juliuusmad Juluus93 Junglecat Jusdafax Jyusin KConWikiKSA13 Kadellar Kadooshka Karimobo Kariteh Karljoos Kat Katalaveno Katalla Katefan0 Katieh5584 Kbdank71 Kcuello Kdau KeepItClean Keizuko Ken Gallager KenmikecKetamino Ketiltrout Khalid hassani Khoikhoi Kimchisg Kingpin13 Kiop1 Kira326 Kitia Klemen Kocjancic Kman543210 KnowledgeOfSelf Knutux Koppenlady Korean CoreKorovamilkbar Ks0stm Kubigula Kuru Kwamikagami KyraVixen L Kensington Lakers Lambiam LarRan Lautraro LeChimp Lear 21 LeaveSleaves Lectonar LedgendGamerLeilaniLad Lektu Leyo Liamay Lifebehindtheglass Lightmouse Lilac Soul Lindawolves LindsayH Linkoman Little Mountain 5 Littlealien182 Lockeownzj00 Locusani LonelyMarbleLorenwilton Lotje Lrd1rocha LuauFan Luciandrei Ludraman Luk Luna Santin M7 MCB MCoca MER-C MJCdetroit MJGR MPF Macy MadGuy7023 Madrileno Majora4 MajorlyMakedonas Makeemlighter Maksim L Malcolm Mali142 Mambudu Manager22 Manderiko Maniwar Mappenstance Marc Zimmermann Marcus2 Marek69 Marky-Son MarshantonyMarsonline Martinho Martinwilke1980 Mathpianist93 Matrich Mattisse Maurice27 Mausy5043 Mav Maxima m Maya Mbhskid520 Mboverload Meeshmosh Meisterkoch Mel21clcMenchi Mendaliv Mentifisto Merovingian Mexicoboy21 Michael Devore Miguel Miguel Andrade Miguel303xm MiguelNP Mikeo Mikiman Mild Bill Hiccup Mindstalk Mitch2234Mm40 Mmoneypenny Modulatum Mogism Mongol Monkeycheetah Monoman38 Montrealais Mooses galore Moretti80 Mormegil Mountolive Mpalmer22 Mr Berty on the goMrZ-man MrSomeone Muenda Muro de Aguas Mushin MusicGeek101 MusicInTheHouse Mwilso24 Mxshee Mysdaao NHRHS2010 NYKevin Nach0king Natl1 NattyBumppoNawlinWiki Neoman2026 Neutrality Newnoise Nick Number Nick-D Nickst Nicolas MC Nicolasdupond NigelR Nikai Nikkul Nikostar Nilankapieris Niljay Nineleven Nite owlNjaelkies Lea Nk Noah Salzman Norm Norniron Nortmannus Notscott Notsureifsrs NunoAgostinho Nwfrm Nzseries1 O Fenian Obradovic Goran Oda Mari Ohconfucius OhnoitsjamieOli Filth Olivier Oneofthe3lions Ortolan88 Oxana879 Oxymoron83 PFHLai Pablocm90 Pablolap Pablomfa Page Up Pajz Palomar Pana22 Panairjdde Panthermohawk PaoloNapolitanoParmesan Patricknoddy Paul-L Paulinho28 Pcb21 Pdcook Pearle Pekinensis Pensionero Peregrine981 Perfectmiss Peruvianllama Peter Peter Wye PeterisP Pharaoh of the WizardsPhilKnight Phirosiberia Phlebas Pichpich Pierco Pierre Bailey Pinethicket Pinkadelica Plain Talking Playclever Pluma Pol098 Polaron Polly Polylerus President RhapsodyPresidentman PrimeHunter Prisonblues Prolog Puchiko Puechredon Puente aereo Pursey Pyrospirit QadeemMusalman Quadell QuiteUnusual Quuxplusone Qwertyzzz18 Qxz RnBRCS RG2 RadioFan Rafaugm Ram008 Ramsis II RandomP Rapomon Raptornet RashersTierney Rasillon Rastrojo Ravendrop Raymond Cruise Raystorm RazorICE RbarberoRebelnix RedWolf Redaktor Reisio Reneeholle Renke Reslo79 RexNL Rhollenton Rhopkins8 Ric5575 Rich Farmbrough Richard D LeCour Rifleman 82 RiseRover RjwilmsiRoadTrain Robbyslaughter Robertclaubert Roberto cangas Robina Fox Robzle RockMFR RodC Rodriguillo Roger Davies Romanm Rosiestep Rrburke Rrwright Rsrikanth05 RumpingRussian Luxembourger RyanFontes Ryanmcdaniel SDC SFC9394 SJP SNIyer12 SS451 ST47 Sabry Saforrest Sailoralea Salalucio Salvi Sam Hocevar SamEV SamandjonnySampson5 Sango123 Sarahshaulis Sardanaphalus Sarg Satesclop Schissel Sciurinaelig Sdelat SeanMack Secret (renamed) Sellyme Ser Amantio di Nicolao Sergiosolar Serreiro SeveroSfan00 IMG Shabidoo Shadowjams ShakespeareFan00 Shamasneh1100335 Shbib Sheep911 Shell Kinney Shenme SherAbdul8 Shirulashem Shoeofdeath Shsharpiemini2 SillyfolkboySimonP SimondC Sinistrum Sirmylesnagopaleentheda Sjakkalle Sky Attacker Skyway168 Slinkydink Slonopotam Slumadrid Sluzzelin Smarkflea Smluccomm200 SmoothsilverSnapSnap Snipfer Snoozlepet Snorkfroken Snowmanradio Socheid Soman Some jerk on the Internet Southofwatford Sp33dyphil Spam-a-nata Spbernstein Spellmaster Splash SpliffySpud Gun SqueakBox Srushe Ssbbplayer Ssolbergj Stacyjones Staloysius Station1 Stemonitis Stephen Stephen e nelson Stephenb Stev17 Stheb Subtropical-man Suklaa SuperHamsterSuperjava 558 Supersayss Surtsicna Suruena Sweden555 Swedsite SwisterTwister Syvanen TDSDOS THEN WHO WAS PHONE TPEsprit TShilo12 Tabletop TakeAwaysTangentCube Tangotango TastyPoutine Tbhotch Technopat Telefonica AG Teles Telfordbuck Temax Tercio28 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Image Sources Licenses and Contributors 41

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LicenseCreative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 30 Unportedcreativecommonsorglicensesby-sa30

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads


Twin towns and sister cities


References

External links

License

Madrid 2

MadridMap of Madrid

Coordinates 40deg23primeN 3deg43primeW

Country Spain

Region Community of Madrid

Founded IX Century[3]

Government

bull Type Mayor-council

bull Body Ayuntamiento de Madrid

bull Mayor Ana Botella (PP)

bull City 60577 km2 (23389 sq mi)

Elevation 667 m (2188 ft)

Population (2011)

bull City 3265038

bull Rank 1st

bull Density 5390km2 (14000sq mi)

bull Urban 6489680

bull Metro 7254321

Demonym Madrilenianmadrilentildeo (m) madrilentildea (f)matritense

Time zone CET (UTC+1)

bull Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)

Postal code 28001ndash28080

Area code(s) 34 (Spain) + 91 (Madrid)

Patron Saints Isidore the LaborerVirgin of Almudena

Website wwwmunimadrides [4]

Madrid (English məˈdrɪd Spanish [maˈethɾieth]) is the capital and largest city of Spain The population of the city is roughly 33 million[5] and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 65 million The

Madrid 3

History

Toponym

Madrid 4

Madrid 5

Modern Age

Plaza Mayor

Madrid 6

Plaza de Cibeles

Madrid 7

Torrespantildea

Government

City Hall of Madrid

Madrid 8

Geography

120(536)

157(603)

175(635)

214(705)

269(804)

312(882)

307(873)

260(788)

190(662)

134(561)

101(502)

194(669)

79(462)

107(513)

124(543)

161(61)

210(698)

248(766)

245(761)

205(689)

146(583)

97(495)

70(446)

146(583)

37(387)

56(421)

72(45)

107(513)

151(592)

184(651)

182(648)

150(59)

102(504)

60(428)

38(388)

97(495)

35(138)

26(102)

47(185)

52(205)

25(098)

15(059)

10(039)

28(11)

49(193)

56(22)

436(1717)

6 6 5 7 8 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 63

148 157 214 231 272 310 359 335 261 198 157 124 2769

Madrid 9

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Demography

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 3

History

Toponym

Madrid 4

Madrid 5

Modern Age

Plaza Mayor

Madrid 6

Plaza de Cibeles

Madrid 7

Torrespantildea

Government

City Hall of Madrid

Madrid 8

Geography

120(536)

157(603)

175(635)

214(705)

269(804)

312(882)

307(873)

260(788)

190(662)

134(561)

101(502)

194(669)

79(462)

107(513)

124(543)

161(61)

210(698)

248(766)

245(761)

205(689)

146(583)

97(495)

70(446)

146(583)

37(387)

56(421)

72(45)

107(513)

151(592)

184(651)

182(648)

150(59)

102(504)

60(428)

38(388)

97(495)

35(138)

26(102)

47(185)

52(205)

25(098)

15(059)

10(039)

28(11)

49(193)

56(22)

436(1717)

6 6 5 7 8 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 63

148 157 214 231 272 310 359 335 261 198 157 124 2769

Madrid 9

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Demography

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 4

Madrid 5

Modern Age

Plaza Mayor

Madrid 6

Plaza de Cibeles

Madrid 7

Torrespantildea

Government

City Hall of Madrid

Madrid 8

Geography

120(536)

157(603)

175(635)

214(705)

269(804)

312(882)

307(873)

260(788)

190(662)

134(561)

101(502)

194(669)

79(462)

107(513)

124(543)

161(61)

210(698)

248(766)

245(761)

205(689)

146(583)

97(495)

70(446)

146(583)

37(387)

56(421)

72(45)

107(513)

151(592)

184(651)

182(648)

150(59)

102(504)

60(428)

38(388)

97(495)

35(138)

26(102)

47(185)

52(205)

25(098)

15(059)

10(039)

28(11)

49(193)

56(22)

436(1717)

6 6 5 7 8 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 63

148 157 214 231 272 310 359 335 261 198 157 124 2769

Madrid 9

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Demography

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 5

Modern Age

Plaza Mayor

Madrid 6

Plaza de Cibeles

Madrid 7

Torrespantildea

Government

City Hall of Madrid

Madrid 8

Geography

120(536)

157(603)

175(635)

214(705)

269(804)

312(882)

307(873)

260(788)

190(662)

134(561)

101(502)

194(669)

79(462)

107(513)

124(543)

161(61)

210(698)

248(766)

245(761)

205(689)

146(583)

97(495)

70(446)

146(583)

37(387)

56(421)

72(45)

107(513)

151(592)

184(651)

182(648)

150(59)

102(504)

60(428)

38(388)

97(495)

35(138)

26(102)

47(185)

52(205)

25(098)

15(059)

10(039)

28(11)

49(193)

56(22)

436(1717)

6 6 5 7 8 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 63

148 157 214 231 272 310 359 335 261 198 157 124 2769

Madrid 9

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Demography

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 6

Plaza de Cibeles

Madrid 7

Torrespantildea

Government

City Hall of Madrid

Madrid 8

Geography

120(536)

157(603)

175(635)

214(705)

269(804)

312(882)

307(873)

260(788)

190(662)

134(561)

101(502)

194(669)

79(462)

107(513)

124(543)

161(61)

210(698)

248(766)

245(761)

205(689)

146(583)

97(495)

70(446)

146(583)

37(387)

56(421)

72(45)

107(513)

151(592)

184(651)

182(648)

150(59)

102(504)

60(428)

38(388)

97(495)

35(138)

26(102)

47(185)

52(205)

25(098)

15(059)

10(039)

28(11)

49(193)

56(22)

436(1717)

6 6 5 7 8 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 63

148 157 214 231 272 310 359 335 261 198 157 124 2769

Madrid 9

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Demography

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 7

Torrespantildea

Government

City Hall of Madrid

Madrid 8

Geography

120(536)

157(603)

175(635)

214(705)

269(804)

312(882)

307(873)

260(788)

190(662)

134(561)

101(502)

194(669)

79(462)

107(513)

124(543)

161(61)

210(698)

248(766)

245(761)

205(689)

146(583)

97(495)

70(446)

146(583)

37(387)

56(421)

72(45)

107(513)

151(592)

184(651)

182(648)

150(59)

102(504)

60(428)

38(388)

97(495)

35(138)

26(102)

47(185)

52(205)

25(098)

15(059)

10(039)

28(11)

49(193)

56(22)

436(1717)

6 6 5 7 8 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 63

148 157 214 231 272 310 359 335 261 198 157 124 2769

Madrid 9

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Demography

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 8

Geography

120(536)

157(603)

175(635)

214(705)

269(804)

312(882)

307(873)

260(788)

190(662)

134(561)

101(502)

194(669)

79(462)

107(513)

124(543)

161(61)

210(698)

248(766)

245(761)

205(689)

146(583)

97(495)

70(446)

146(583)

37(387)

56(421)

72(45)

107(513)

151(592)

184(651)

182(648)

150(59)

102(504)

60(428)

38(388)

97(495)

35(138)

26(102)

47(185)

52(205)

25(098)

15(059)

10(039)

28(11)

49(193)

56(22)

436(1717)

6 6 5 7 8 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 63

148 157 214 231 272 310 359 335 261 198 157 124 2769

Madrid 9

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Demography

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 9

129(552)

163(613)

180(644)

223(721)

282(828)

330(914)

324(903)

276(817)

206(691)

147(585)

110(518)

206(691)

72(45)

98(496)

117(531)

156(601)

207(693)

245(761)

242(756)

202(684)

144(579)

92(486)

64(435)

141(574)

15(347)

32(378)

54(417)

84(471)

130(554)

161(61)

160(608)

127(549)

83(469)

38(388)

18(352)

76(457)

34(134)

23(091)

39(154)

47(185)

26(102)

11(043)

12(047)

24(094)

39(154)

48(189)

386(152)

6 5 4 6 7 4 2 2 3 6 6 7 58

140 164 221 219 256 299 344 328 252 198 155 115 2658

Demography

1897 542739 730807 7427

1900 575675 773011 7447

1910 614322 831254 7390

1920 823711 1048908 7853

1930 1041767 1290445 8073

1940 1322835 1574134 8404

1950 1553338 1823418 8519

1960 2177123 2510217 8673

1970 3120941 3761348 8297

1981 3158818 4686895 6740

1991 3010492 4647555 6478

2001 2938723 5423384 5419

2009 3255944 6386932 5098

2010 3273049 6458684 5068

2011 3265038 6489680 5031

Source INE [57]

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 10

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 11

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 12

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 13

Population(pop)

Density(popkmsup2)

Alcobendas 2664 205905 7729

Cityscape

Architecture

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 14

Canalejas Square

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 15

Torres Kio

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 16

Environment

Retiro Park

Retiro Park trees

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 17

Casa de Campo lake

Mount of El Pardo

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 18

Manzanares river

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 19

Economy

1992 to present

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 20

Art and culture

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 21

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

Bohemian culture


Bullfighting

Local festivities

Sport

Education

Universities

Business schools

Transport

Air

National rail

Metro

Buses

Roads




References

External links

License

Madrid 22

Madrid 23

CaixaForum Madrid

Churches

Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

Nightlife

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Madrid 23

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Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

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Madrid 26

Madrid 27

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Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

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Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Madrid 24

Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

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Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

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Madrid 25

Literature

Lope de Vega

Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

Las Ventas Bullring

Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

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Madrid 26

Madrid 27

Bullfighting

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Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

Nightlife

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Madrid 27

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Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

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National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

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Literature

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Madrid 28

Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

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Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

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Literature

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Madrid 29

Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

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Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

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Madrid 30

Madrid 31

Madrid 32

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Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

Nightlife

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Madrid 31

Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

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Madrid 32

National rail

Madrid Metro Map

Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

Nightlife

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Madrid 33

Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

Churches

Literature

Nightlife

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Madrid 34

MadridHistory

StMichaelsBasilica

St BarbarasChurch

RoyalObservatory

Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

Nightlife

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Madrid 35

Congressof

Deputies

Bank ofSpain

Palacio deCristal

Ciacuterculode

BellasArtes

Hospitalof

Maudes

Spanish AirForce

Headquarters

TorresBlancas

Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

Metropolitan area

Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

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Madrid 36

Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

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Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

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Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

Nightlife

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Madrid 37

Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

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Government

Geography

Climate

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Demography

Districts

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Architecture

Environment

Economy


1992 to present

Art and culture

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Madrid 38

Madrid 39

Madrid

History

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Government

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1992 to present

Art and culture

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Madrid 39

Madrid

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Demography

Districts

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1992 to present

Art and culture

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Madrid

History

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Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

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Architecture

Environment

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1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

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Madrid

History

Toponym

Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

Water supply

Demography

Districts

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Cityscape

Architecture

Environment

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1992 to present

Art and culture

Museums

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Literature

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Madrid

History

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Middle Ages

Modern Age


Government

Geography

Climate

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Demography

Districts

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Environment

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1992 to present

Art and culture

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Madrid

History

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Modern Age


Government

Geography

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1992 to present

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Madrid