International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research ... · Detergent Powder and Cake ... followed by washing powder 90% and washing cake ... in their finding found that the

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International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research ISSN: 2347-1697

Volume 4 Issue 8 April 2017 www.ijifr.com

Abstract

Demographic study is the study of human population. Demographic factors like age, gender, monthly income, occupation, educational qualification has a significant impact on the buying behavior of the customers while they decide to buy the particular brand of detergent powder and cake. It has been found after analysis of data that, the age and gender factor were inversely associated with the buying behavior. Monthly income and occupation factors were directly proportional to the buying behavior of the customers. No research can be full fill without considering the demographic study of the consumers undertaken for the study. The finding of the above research is also well supported by the previous researchers. My intention of writing this paper is to know whether there is an impact of demographic factor on the buying behavior of consumers when they decide to buy the particular brand of detergent powder and cake in the rural areas with special reference to Uttarakhand.

I. INTRODUCTION

Demographic studies are one of the most important studies in any field of research,

because it has a relation with the buying behavior of the customers. When we are taking

Impact of Demographic Factors on the Buying

Behavior of the Consumers Living in the Rural

Areas of Uttarakhand State: An Empirical

Study of Detergent Powder and Cake Paper ID IJIFR/V4/ E8/ 077 Page No. 7214-7228 Research Area Marketing

Key Words Age, Gender, Monthly Income, Educational Qualification, Occupation, Rural

Market, Detergent Powder And Cake

1st Arun Kant Painoli

PhD Research Scholar,

Bhagwant University

Ajmer, Rajasthan

2nd Dr. Y.P. Singh

Dean

Quantum School of Business,

Roorkee, Uttarakhand

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ISSN: 2347-1697

International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)

Volume - 4, Issue -8, April 2017

Continuous 44th Edition, Page No.: 7214-7228

Arun Kant Painoli, Dr. Y.P. Singh :: Impact of Demographic Factors on the Buying Behavior of the Consumers Living in the Rural Areas of Uttarakhand State: An Empirical Study of Detergent Powder and Cake

about the study of demographic factors –age, gender, monthly income, educational

qualification, occupation plays a significant role in influencing the buying behavior.

The decision to buy the particular brand and its effect on the demographic factors will

vary from the type of the product and its uses. It was observed from the various research

studies conducted by the different researcher in this field that the effect of the

demographic factors is seen less in case of the products which we frequently used in our

day to day life since the price of the products is low. Detergent powder and cake is one

of the most commonly used items in the category of the FMCG products which we all

are using in our day to day life. Since the price of the product is very low due to the

availability of the brands in small pack size, the income factor has a little importance in

the buying influence. As per as age factors and gender factors is concerned this too has

also little impact in the buying influence The purpose of writing this paper is to know

whether there is an influence of the demographic factor in influencing the buying

behavior of the customers when they decide to buy the particular brand of detergent

powder and cake in the rural areas. There is a huge potential in the rural market because

65-70 % of the people are living in the rural areas. In terms of penetration of FMCG

products in Rural India the, edible oil has shown highest penetration percentage and the

penetration percentages is 96%, followed by washing powder 90% and washing cake

85%. (Media Mart India 2010 by R.K. Swamy Media Group). The share of the rural

market in India in the FMCG sector is around 53% and expected to reach 60% in

coming future. By the 2025 the FMCG market in Rural India will hit 100 billion (Nelson

report 2012). The detergent sector in laundry care industry has grown from INR 157

billion in 2003 to INR 130 in 2011 and is registered a growth rate of 11% during that

period. The estimated level of the industry is expected to reach the level of INR 241

billion by 2017. (NPCS report 2014).

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Abdul Ghafoor Awan and Nayyar Abbas (2015) in their finding stated that the

demographic factor like age, income and education have significant association with the

impulse buying behavior of the consumers. Lucia Vilčeková and Miroslav Sabo (2013) the author in their finding found that the consumers differ in their buying preference

according to their age, gender and educational qualification. The author also stated after

their finding that demographic information is very important in analyzing the buying

behavior of the customers. Rakesh Kumar (2014) in his finding stated that, as the

demographic factors of the consumers changes the behavior of the consumers also

change. The demographic factors like age, income, gender, educational qualification,

marital status and family background of the consumers have significant impact on the

purchase behavior of the consumers. G.Vani, M.Ganesh Babu and N.Panchanatham

(2011) in their investigation found that, the consumer buying behavior is affected by the

demographic factors like age, gender, marital status educational qualification and family

type and number of family members in the family. Sita Mishra , Rana, S. (2012) in their

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investigation found that, there is a effect of education, income and gender on the buying

behavior of the Indian consumers. Cole y, Amanda (2003) in his study measured the

relation of demographic factors like gender and in his study found that there are

similarities and differences on buying impulse between the gender groups. Fisher (1950)

in his research discovered the importance of demographic factors in consumer decision

making. Lee (2005) in his finding stated that the demographic factors like age, income,

gender, educational qualification play important role in the consumer decision and may

deviate from the general decision. Lyndall (1955) and Zwick (1957) investigated the

importance of demographic factors and they agreed that demographic factors should be

incorporated in all models of consumer behavior. Exter, p (1988) in his research stated

that, when marketers think about demographic factors they gain understanding about the

market and, it helps them in increasing the market size and ultimstely in the penetration

of the product. Tintin, (2013) in his study found that, there are four basic factors

influencing the buying behavior of the customers and these are: Personal, Social,

Cultural and Psychological. Swarna, (2012) in his study revealed that, that the buying

behaviors of the man and woman consumers are different. He also found during the

research that, the gender has an important role in the study of consumer behavior,

because both the genders have different like dislike and expectations.

III. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

To study the Impact of Demographic Factors on the buying behavior of the consumers

while they decide to buy the particular brand of detergent powder and cake.

III. HYPOTHESIS FORMULATIONS

H1:- There is no significant association between the monthly income of the family with

respect to preferred brand of detergent powder and cake.

H2:- There is no significant association of the occupation of the people living in rural

area with respect to the preferred brand of detergent powder and cake.

H3:- There is no significant association of the gender of the people living in rural area

and the level of satisfaction with respect to the preferred brand of detergent powder and

cake

H4:- There is a significant difference between the age of the rural respondents and the

level of satisfaction with respect to preferred brand of detergent powder and cake

H5:- There is a significant difference between the educational qualification of the people

living in the rural area and the level of the satisfaction with respect to the preferred

brand of detergent powder and cake.

IV. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The primary data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire and the

secondary data with the help of books, journal, articles and information available in the

websites.

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1) Sample size: - To arrive at sample size statistical formula for descriptive research

has been undertaken. The Formula for calculating the sample Size for finite

Population (where the population is greater than 50,000) is as follows:

SS= {Z2 x (p) x (1 – p)} / C2

Where:

SS = Sample Size

Z = Z-value (e.g., 1.96 for a 95 percent confidence level)

P = Percentage of population picking a choice, expressed as decimal

C = Confidence interval, expressed as decimal (e.g., .03 = +/- 3 percentage points)

The total rural population of Uttarakhand state as per census 2011 is 7,025,583

A Z-value (Cumulative Normal Probability Table) represents the probability that a

sample will fall within a certain distribution.

The Z-values for confidence levels are:

1.645 = 90 percent confidence level



(Determination of sample size: - Source: C.R. Kothari- Research methodology pp

179-180 (2004)

With the help of this formula and by using the sample size calculator the sample size

which comes out for carrying this research is 1070

Hence based on this to equalize the distribution of respondents in the selected area a

total of 1080 respondents have been chosen for the proposed study.

2) Sampling Techniques: - The sampling techniques use in this research was

Stratified Random sampling. In this the stratified sampling technique is used to

avoid non overlapping of the strata.

3) Data Analysis: - The analysis was done with the help of cumulative percentage and

chi square test by putting the response in the (SPSS) software 16.00 version. Whole

analysis was done in this analytical software.

4) Respondents: - The respondents were the people living in the rural area of

Uttarakahnd in the age group of 18 and above age.

5) Area covered: - Whole Uttarakhand (Rural area)

6) Tool used for field survey: - Structured questionnaire.

V. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

(a) Gender wise description of the respondents

Table 1:- Gender wise description of the respondents

Gender Frequency Valid Percentage

Female 530 49

Male 550 51

Total count 1080 100

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Interpretation: - Out of 1080 correctly filled questionnaire by the respondents, 530

(49%) filled by females and 550 (51%) were filled by males, in all the final set of

respondents had almost equal percentage of both the genders. The same has been

exhibited through the above cited pie chart. Therefore our sample represents the male

and female population equally to a large extent.

(b) Occupation wise description of the respondents.

Table 2:- Occupation wise description of the respondents

Occupation Frequency Valid Percentage

Private 272 25

Business 140 13

Govt 166 15

Agriculture 502 47

Total count 1080 100

.Interpretation: - In the case of occupation status 47 % the people are depended on

agriculture which represent the true picture of the village, 25% private occupation, 15%

are employed in the Government sector and 13 % of the respondents belong to business

occupation. Therefore from the above data we can conclude that our sample represent

the all occupation of people living in the rural area.

(c) Monthly Income wise description of the respondents

Table 3:- Monthly Income wise description of the respondents

Monthly Income Frequency Valid Percentage

Less than 5000 120 11

5100- 10000 200 19

10100-20000 247 23

20100-30000 172 16

30100-40000 144 13

40100-50000 115 11

50100-60000 78 07

Above 60000 4 0

Total Count 1080 100

Interpretation: - From the above data it is clear that the majority of the peoples living

in the rural area fall in the income group of 10100-20000 i.e. (23 %), followed by

income group in between 5100-10000 i.e. (19 %).In this series next income group fall in

between 20100- 30000 i.e. (16%), 11% in between 40100-50000 and 7 % in between

50100-60000. From the above cited data it is clear that the well distribution pool of

respondents indicating less skewed data with all likelihood of lesser sampling errors and

hence more appropriate representation of the population

(d) Age wise description of respondents

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Table 4:- Age wise description of the respondents

Age in Year Frequency Valid Percentage

18-25 270 25

26-35 302.4 28

36-45 194.4 18

46-60 237.6 22

Above 60 75.6 7

Total Count 1080 100

Interpretation :- A majority (28) % of the respondents belonged to the age group of 26-

35 followed by 25% belonging to the age group of 18-25 year , 22% in the age group of

36-45, 18% in the age group of 46-60 and 7 % belong to the age group above 60 years.

Hence we can conclude from the above cited figure that our sample represent the

population more appropriately leading to less skewed data and hence less sampling

error.

(e) Educational qualification wise description of respondents

Table 5:- Educational qualification wise description of the respondents

Educational qualification Frequency Valid Percentage

Below secondary 176 16

Secondary 124 11

Higher Secondary 210 19

Graduation 378 36

Post Graduation 168 16

Professionals 24 2

Total count 1080 100 Interpretation:- From the above data we can say that the majority of the respondents are

graduate i.e. 36% , 19% higher Secondary, 16% below secondary level, 11 % secondary level ,

16 % Post graduation level and 2 % Professional. Therefore from the above cited we can

conclude that our sample represent the whole category more appropriately leading to less

skewed data and hence reduce the chance of sample error.

H1:- There is no significant association between the monthly income of the family

with respect to preferred brand of detergent powder and cake Case Processing

Summary

Table 6:- Table representing the relationship between the monthly income and preferred

brand of detergent cake

Cases

Valid Missing Total

N Percent N Percent N Percent

Monthly Income of the Family * Preferred

Brand of Detergent Cake used by the

respondents

1080 100.0% 0 0.0% 1080 100.0%

Monthly Income of the Family * Preferred

Brand of Detergent Powder used by the

respondents

1080 100.0% 0 0.0% 1080 100.0%

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Crosstab Count

Table 7:-Table displaying total count of responses with respect to monthly income and

preferred brand of detergent cake.

Preferred Brand of Detergent Cake used by

the respondents

Total

Rin Tide Garhi Local

Brand

Wheel Fena

Monthly Income

of the Family

Less than

5000 25 24 26 15 5 25 120

10000-

15000 40 60 50 20 9 21 200

20000-

30000 42 61 51 39 28 28 249

40000-

50000 35 46 24 24 21 23 173

5000-

10000 30 42 28 14 19 11 144

15000-

20000 16 37 32 6 18 5 114

30000-

40000 2 35 21 3 9 10 80

Total 190 305 232 121 109 123 1080

Chi-Square Tests

Table 8:- Table representing the Chi square test with regards to the monthly income and

preferred brand of detergent cake

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 82.844a 30 .000

Likelihood Ratio 92.164 30 .000

Linear-by-Linear Association 1.344 1 .246

N of Valid Cases 1080

a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 8.07.

Interpretation: - From the table 5.51, it is clear that the P value is .000 which is less

than the level of significance that is .05 and therefore as per P value approaches the null

hypothesis is rejected. It is therefore conclude that there is association between the

monthly incomes of the family with respect to preferred brand of detergent cake in rural

area of Uttarakhand

Crosstab Count

Table 9:- Table representing the relationship between the monthly income and preferred

brand of detergent powder

Preferred Brand of Detergent Powder used by the

respondents

Total

Rin

Tid

e

Garh

i

Ari

el

Van

sis

h

Hen

ko

Su

rf

Exce

l W

hee

l

Su

n

Lig

ht

Nir

ma

Su

rf

Fen

a

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Monthly

Income of

the Family

Less

than

5000

14 17 17 13 0 0 24 14 0 13 0 8 120

10000-

15000 23 35 28 26 6 2 25 18 0 26 2 9 200

20000-

30000 25 30 44 36 12 3 16 18 3 39 7 16 249

40000-

50000 19 34 24 13 9 0 13 17 0 29 3 12 173

5000-

10000 14 17 16 18 4 2 15 15 5 24 2 12 144

15000-

20000 13 12 14 6 3 0 18 21 0 11 0 16 114

30000-

40000 10 21 8 6 3 1 10 2 0 9 2 8 80

Total 118 166 151 118 37 8 121 105 8 151 16 81 1080

Chi-Square Tests

Table 10:-Table representing the Chi square test with regards to the monthly

income and preferred brand of detergent powder






a. 25 cells (29.8%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count

is .59.

Interpretation: - From the table 5.53, it is clear that the P value is .000 which is less

than the level of significance that is .05 and therefore as per P value approaches the null

hypothesis is rejected. It is therefore conclude there is association between the monthly

incomes of the family with respect to preferred brand of detergent powder in rural area

of Uttarakhand

H2:- There is no significant association of the occupation of the people living in

rural area with respect to the preferred brand of detergent powder and cake.

Case Processing Summary Table 11:- Case processing summary of preferred brand of detergent powder with respect

to the occupation of the respondents

Cases

Valid Missing Total

N Percent N Percent N Percent

Occupational Status *

Preferred Brand of

Detergent Cake used by

the respondents

1080 100.0% 0 0.0% 1080 100.0%

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Occupational Status *

Preferred Brand of

Detergent Powder used

by the respondents

1080 100.0% 0 0.0% 1080 100.0%

Crosstab Count Table 12:- Representing the cross tabulation of the occupation of the respondents with

respect to preferred brand of detergent cake

Preferred Brand of Detergent Cake used by

the respondents

Total

Rin Tide Garhi Local

Brand

Wheel Fena

Occupational

Status

Private 56 72 54 22 42 26 272

Business 17 54 33 14 13 9 140

Government

Employee 23 43 28 28 13 31 166

Agriculture 94 136 117 57 41 57 502

Total 190 305 232 121 109 123 1080

Chi-Square Tests Table 13:- Table representing the chi square test with respect to the occupation of the

people and preferred brand of detergent cake

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)



Linear-by-Linear Association .049 1 .826


a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 14.13.

Interpretation: - From the above table 5.56, it is clear that the P value is .000 which is

less than the level of significance that is .05 and therefore as per P value approaches the

null hypothesis is rejected. It is therefore conclude that there is association between the

occupations of the people living in rural area of Uttarakhand with respect to the

preferred brand of detergent Cake

Crosstab Count Table 14:- Representing the cross tabulation of the occupation of the respondents with

respect to preferred brand of detergent powder

Preferred Brand of Detergent Powder used by the

respondents

Total

Rin

Tid

e

Garh

i

Ari

el

Van

sish

Hen

ko

Su

rf

Exce

l W

hee

l

Su

n

Lig

ht

Nir

ma

Su

rf

Fen

a

Occupational Private 30 58 44 29 9 1 28 14 3 39 1 16 272

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Status Business 5 31 16 17 8 0 11 12 5 25 3 7 140

Government

Employee 18 24 21 15 1 2 21 11 0 24 7 22 166

Agriculture 65 53 70 57 19 5 61 68 0 63 5 36 502

Total 118 166 151 118 37 8 121 105 8 151 16 81 1080

Chi-Square Tests Table 15:- Table representing the chi square test with respect to the occupation of the

people and preferred brand of detergent powder






a. 12 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.04.


less than the level of significance that is .05 and therefore as per P value approaches the

null hypothesis is rejected. It is therefore conclude that there is association between the

occupations of the people living in rural area of Uttarakhand with respect to the

preferred brand of detergent powder.

H3:- There is a significant difference between the gender of the rural respondents

and the level of satisfaction

Crosstab Count

Table 16:- Cross tabulation of satisfaction level of the customers with respect to

gender.

Gender of Respondents Total

Male Female

Rate your satisfaction level

Strongly Agree 439 418 857

Agree 67 75 142

Neutral 29 25 54

Disagree 8 5 13

Strongly Disagree 7 7 14

Total 550 530 1080

Chi-Square Tests

Table 17:- Chi square test representing difference between the level of the customers with

respect to gender

Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)





a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is

6.38.

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more than the level of significance that is .05 and therefore as per P value approach the

null hypothesis cannot be rejected. It is therefore conclude that there is no association

between the gender of the respondents and the level of the satisfaction with respect to

preferred brand of detergent powder and cake.

H4:- There is a significant difference between the age of the rural respondents and

the level of satisfaction

Crosstab Count

Table 18:--Cross tabulation of satisfaction level of the customers with respect to the

different age group.

Age of Respondents Total

18-25 25-

35

45-

60

35-

45

Above 60

Rate your satisfaction level

Strongly

Agree 197 250 191 156 63 857

Agree 49 33 25 24 11 142

Neutral 12 14 17 9 2 54

Disagree 5 4 3 0 1 13

Strongly

Disagree 4 5 4 1 0 14

Total 267 306 240 190 77 1080

Chi-Square Tests

Table 19: Chi square test representing difference between the level of the customers with

respect to different age group






a. 11 cells (44.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .93.



null hypothesis cannot be rejected. It is therefore conclude that, there is no association

between the satisfaction levels of the respondents with respect to the age of the different

customers living in the rural areas.

H5:- There is a significant difference between the educational qualification of the

rural respondents and the level of satisfaction

Crosstab Count

Table 20:-Cross tabulation of satisfaction level of the customers with respect to the

different age group

Educational Qualification Total Below

Secondary

Secondary Higher

Secondary

Graduation Post-

Graduation

Professional

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Rate

you

r

sati

sfact

ion

lev

el Strongly

Agree 145 102 167 293 139 11 857

Agree 21 14 25 59 22 1 142

Neutral 10 6 11 17 8 2 54

Disagree 2 1 2 5 3 0 13

Strongly

Disagree 3 0 2 6 3 0 14

Total 181 123 207 380 175 14 1080

Chi-Square Tests

Table 21:- Chi square test representing difference between the level of the customers with

respect to different educational qualification






a. 14 cells (46.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is

.17.



null hypothesis cannot be rejected. It is therefore conclude that, there is no association

between the satisfaction levels of the consumers and the qualification of respondents

living in the rural areas.

H12:- There is a significant difference between the monthly of the rural

respondents and the level of satisfaction

Crosstab Count

Table 22:-Cross tabulation of satisfaction level of the customers with respect to the

monthly income of the respondents.

Monthly Income of the Family Total

Less

than

5000

10000-

15000

20000-

30000

40000-

50000

5000-

10000

15000-

20000

30000-

40000

Rate your

satisfaction

level

Strongly

Agree 94 154 206 133 108 100 62 857

Agree 20 26 26 23 23 12 12 142

Neutral 5 14 8 15 9 1 2 54

Disagree 1 3 4 1 1 1 2 13

Strongly

Disagree 0 3 5 1 3 0 2 14

Total 120 200 249 173 144 114 80 1080

Chi-Square Tests

Table 23:- Chi square test representing difference between the level of the

customers with respect to the monthly income of the respondents

Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)


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a. 15 cells (42.9%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .96.

Interpretation: - From the table 5.66, it is clear that the P value is .235 which is more

than the level of significance that is .05 and therefore as per P value approach the null

hypothesis cannot be rejected. It is therefore conclude that, there is no association

between the satisfaction levels of the consumers and the monthly income of the people

living in the rural areas.

V. CONCLUSIONS

From the above research we can conclude that monthly income of the customers has

direct relationship with the purchasing power of the customers. And based on this, we

can conclude that different income group prefers different products based upon their

earning. Occupation of the individual has also direct relationship with the purchasing

habits. Peoples who are in the good profession posses’ higher purchasing power as compared to the peoples who are in the lower cadre profession in the hierarchy. As per

as gender of the respondents with respect to satisfaction level of the customers with

respect to preferred brand of detergent powder and cake is concerned, whether it is male

or female customers, the customers get dissatisfied if the attributes they are looking are

absent in their preferred brand of detergent powder and cake and, if the attributes they

are looking is present they get satisfied. The different age of the respondents has no

direct relationship with the preferred brand of detergent powder and cake, since all the

age group of the customers are using all types of available brands in the market. Hence it

is proved from the above research that, there is no relationship of customer satisfaction

with the different age group of the customers. Similarly in the case of respondents who

posses different qualification has also no relationship with the usage of preferred brand

of detergent powder and cake and the respondents having different qualification uses all

kinds of available brands of detergent powder and cake, and hence no relationship with

the satisfaction. There are various demographic factors which affects the buying

behavior of the customers. As the demographic factors changes, the buying behavior of

the customers also changes. That is why the demographic aspects of consumers is

always an interest area which every marketers want to know, because as the

demographic facrors changes the buying behavior of the consumers also changes.

VI. SCOPE OF FUTURE RESEARCH

Such type of research will help the marketers in designing the marketing mix strategies.

This type of research is of great importance in setting the price of product (value for

money) and other related aspects associated with the particular brand. It will also help

the marketer in understanding the buying behavior of the customers because as the

demographic factors changes the buying behavior of the customers also changes. Such

type of research will also help in academic in knowing the various factors influencing

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the buying behavior and development of theories related to the consumer behavior. The

demographic also states about the potential of the market which is very important in

segmenting, targeting and positing of the particular brnad among the customers. The

preference of the customers does not remain same and as the time changes the

preference of the customers also changes. Hence there is a scope to co duct such type of

research at a regular interval of time to understand the changes of preference of

customers in changing environment.

VII. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The study was conducted in some selected places of Uttarakhand due to shortage of

money and time. The result may vary in other part of the country. Many respondents are

hesitating in giving the responses due to non understanding of the relationship of the

demographic variables with respect to the purchasing behavior. Other demographic

factors like personal factors, social factors, and psychological factors which also

influence the buying behavior of the customers were not considered by the researcher in

his study is also one of the limitation of the study.

VIII. REFERENCES

[1] Abdul Ghafoor Awan and Nayyar Abbas (2015), Impact of Demographic Factors on

Impulse Buying Behavior of Consumers in Multan-Pakistan, European Journal of

Business and Management, Vol.7, No.22, 2015, PP 96-105

[2] Lucia Vilčeková and Miroslav Sabo (2013) The influence of demographic factors on

attitudes toward brands and brand buying behavior of Slovak consumers, International

Journal of Education and Research, Vol. 1 No.11, pp 1-10

[3] Rakesh Kumar (2014) , Impact of Demographic Factors on Consumer Behavior - A

Consumer Behavior Survey in Himachal Pradesh, Global Journal of Enterprise

Information System, pp 35-45

[4] G.Vani, M.Ganesh Babu and N.Panchanatham (2011) Impact of Demographic profile

on toothpaste buying behavior in Bangalore city, Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of

Business and Management Review Vol. 1, No.1,

[5] Rana, S. (2012), Effect of Education, Income and Gender on Impulsive Buying among

Indian Consumer: An Empirical Study of Readymade Garment Customers, Indian

Journal of Applied Research vol, 1(12), pp. 342- 349.

[6] Coley, A manda (2003), Gender differences in cognitive and affective impulse buying.

[7] Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, vol 7, pp 282-295

[8] Lee, H. S. (2005), An Application of a Five Stage Consumer Behaviour Decision

Making Model: An Exploratory Study of Chinese Purchasing of Imported Health Food,

Online Available: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/4741 (November 1, 2013)

[9] Lyndall, H. (1955), The Life Cycle in Income, Savings and Asset Ownership.

Econometrics, 23, the statistics glossary (2010). Kruskal Wallis test. Online available

www.stats.gla.ac.uk. (Oct 15 2013)

[10] Exter, P. (1988), How to think like a demographer, The Insider’s guide to demographic know how. (pp. 6). Ithaca: American Demographic Press

[11] Swarna, B. (2012), Impact of gender on consumer purchase behavior, Journal of

commerce and management, vol 1 (9), pp- 10-18

[12] Tintin, R. (2013), 4 major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior, Online

Available: http://www.superprofesseur.com/19.html,November 5, 2013.

http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/

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[13] Fisher, J. (1952), Income, spending and saving patterns of consumer units in different

age groups. Studies in Income and Wealth, 15

[14] Blackwell, R.D., Miniard, P.W. & Engel, J.F. (2001). Consumer Behavior, (pp. 78- 87),

Harcourt: College Publishers.

[15] Consumer Behavior by Leon.G.Shiffman, Leslie Lazar and Kanuk, 2nd

Edition, Pearson

Publication 2012

TO CITE THIS PAPER

Painoli, K.A. , Singh, Y.P. (2017) :: “Impact of Demographic Factors on the Buying

Behavior of the Consumers Living in the Rural Areas of Uttarakhand State: An

Empirical Study of Detergent Powder and Cake” International Journal of Informative

& Futuristic Research (ISSN: 2347-1697), Vol. 4 No. (8), April 2017, pp. 7214-7228,

Paper ID: IJIFR/V4/E8/077.

Documents

International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research ... · Detergent Powder and Cake ... followed by washing powder 90% and washing cake ... in their finding found that the