Immigration Movie Far and Away Web Page Angel Island HW Case Studies Timeline Notes Political Cartoon Looking Backwards Video Growth of Cities Immigration Melting Pot Mixing many nationalities into one Immigration Migrate Emigrate Immigrate Move your home (birds leaving, people head to FL in winter) To leave your country permanently To enter into a new country with intention to settle in this new country Rebecca and Sam immigrated to the U.S. from Russia WHY? Mostly to escape from pain! PUSH Forcing them to leave PULL Attracting them to USA Voyage Scarce Land barely grew enough for own families Loss of farm jobs (horrid living conditions) Persecution (religious and political) (POGROMS) Poverty hard difficult lives Over-population and unemployment Freedom and better life (toleration) Family and friends Jobs & Farmland available Steerage crammed into bottom of ship, little air, disease, odors Ellis Island NY Statue of Liberty Angel Island CA (SF) (Asians) The New Colossus Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame, "Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore, Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" by Emma Lazarus, New York City, 1883 Does anybody know what type (style) of poem?island/videos#the-statue-of-liberty Sent Back My grandmother raised us, all the yearsand they held her back. They sent her back. So we never saw her again. That was heartbreaking. Im still crying over it. Evelyn Golbe, Russia, 1914 The son because of his age (six years) is dependent on his father for support. The father, owing to his advanced yearswe do not believe capable of self-support. They have no one in the United States legally obligated to provide for them. Board of Special Inquiry 1912 Immigration Old Immigrants ( ) New Immigrants ( ) + Problems Northern and Western Europe (England, Ireland, Germany, Scandinavia) Mostly Protestant Southern and Eastern Europe (Russia, Italy, Poland) Mostly Jewish or Catholic Language Money Discrimination Disease/unsanitary city life/slums Solutions Ethnic Group Assimilation Nativists Neighborhoods Jobs with own people Settlement Houses Assimilation Group of people share common culture (neighborhoods) Becoming part of another culture (fitting in) Preserve country for native born white Protestants opposed immigration "Fool Pied Piper 1909 issue of Puck depicts Uncle Sam as the Pied Piper leading all the rats of Europe over the ocean to America. Some of the rats carry weapons and others carry documents reading, "black hand," which refers to the Italian Mafia. European leaders celebrate and wave good-bye to the rats. Restrict Immigration why? Prejudices Chinese Exclusion Act(1882) NO Chinese immigrants allowed in U.S. IF leave the country NO return This Act not repealed until 1943 Gentlemens Agreement (1907) Immigration Act 1891, 1917 Hull House Jane Addams (Chicago) Helped poor Taught English Cared for Children Organized sports and theater for youth started cities first public gym Jane first American woman to win Nobel Peace Prize 1931 [Library of Congress] Jane Addams, a leader during the period of reform in the early 20th century known as the Progressive Era, is considered one of the outstanding humanitarians in U.S. history. She is best known for the establishment of Hull House in Chicago, Illinois, one of the first social welfare settlement houses in the United States, and for her efforts to secure world peace. MLA Citation "Jane Addams." Image. Library of Congress. American History. ABC-CLIO, Web. 10 Nov Nativism & Tenement life video clip Chicago Fire Urbanization Why were people heading to cities? Why were farmers heading to cities? Why did African Americans move to northern cities? 1871 destroyed entire downtown area Wind driven - dry No big deal just rebuild it Population from farm to cities JOBS Farm life difficult not profitable, empty feel Better life Prejudice and violence head north Rapid growth! City Life POOR Which section of the city did the poor live in? Describe the conditions the poor lived in Noise, pollution, sanitation, health problems, pushcarts, garbage Crowded slums Disease spreads Tenements City Life MIDDLE CLASS Which section of the city did this class of people live in? What type of jobs did these middle class people have? WEALTHY Which section of the city did the upper class live in? What were their homes like? Away from slums Doctors, lawyers, managers Social groups Outskirts of city secluded (5 th Ave) Excessive Gated PROBLEMS with city life REFORMS (solutions to the problems) Help for the poor How were the poor helped by different organizations? Fire traps Garbage in the streets Factory pollution No building or safety codes Crime Building codes standards for structures fire escapes, plumbing, fire department Police department Water tunnel system (currently building new?) Lights at night on street Food, shelter, child care, social activities Salvation Army, YMCA, Mother Cabrini (hospitals) CITIES City Life Technology Skyscrapers Brooklyn Bridge 1883 (longest suspension bridge at time today project to replace each steel cable) Elevators make it possible to build higher (10 stories or higher) Save land space Completed 1902 one of the first FlatIron Building Transportation Turn of the century Parks (Zoos & Gardens) Electric street car system (trolleys / streetcars) Subways born Traffic jams horse drawn, carts, crowded with people (horses killing people) Elevated Train (El or L) Place to relax from the busy city ShoppingDepartment stores (all in one) Macys 1902 (33 elevators w/elevator man) Read All About It Get Your News! Yellow Journalism Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Why women journalists? Sensational reporting style (scandal) 1 st mass circulated paper The World Hungarian immigrant Scare headlines, comics, crime Nellie Bly (mental hospital story) From SF competition New York Journal Hearst I wonder if these privileged children know today is election day? I wonder if they will do well on the QUIZ Students should learn about YELLOW Journalism and DIME Novels Maybe Slots can show the class a Vaudeville Act I hear he has the famous Bud & Lou Who is on First video Reflipe W Thenuz Leisure Time Entertainment Escape from factory work Vaudeville Ragtime (Music) Sports Baseball Football Basketball Variety show (comedy, dance, song, magicians, acrobats...) Will Rogers, Marx Brothers Lively music rhythm Scott Joplin Played since 1840 FIRST league 1870s No gloves and different rules African Americans (discrimination) NO helmets (44 will die) James Naismith 1891 Indoor during winter videos\video- vaudeville act.mp4videos\video- vaudeville act.mp4 videos\video-Bud and Lou routine.mp4videos\video-Bud and Lou routine.mp4 School Days! Education Public Schools and programs Before Civil War less than 50% After Civil War programs established 1873 1 st Kindergarten Laws passed require attendance Freedmens Bureau role Taught English 8am 4pm The 3 Rs Discipline and Obedience High Schools, Colleges and shop schools Reading Reading Increases More people could read (education) Libraries Access to books and reading material Cheaper, faster means to produce books (affordable) Improved distribution of books Politics and Current Events middle class women, One Million readers 1900 Dime Novels - Fiction Fiction and Women Bestsellers Mid 1800s Women authors 2,000 copies to 50,000+ copies 1872 75% of books published were women authors Inexpensive fiction for mass audience America is now wholly given over to a dammed mob of scribbling women, and I should have no chance of success while the public taste is occupied with their trash--and should be ashamed of myself if I did succeed. What is the mystery of these innumerable editions of the 'Lamplighter' and other books neither better nor worse?--worse they could not be, and better they need not be, when they sell by the 100,000. (Nathaniel Hawthorne) Dime Novels Horatio AlgerRags to Riches (poor boy makes it good through hard work, luck and honesty) Lets have a REALITY check Realists Paul Laurence Dunbar Mark Twain Portray the HARSH side of life life as it really was (poverty, city slum life, lives of farmers, miners) The Red Badge of Courage Maggie: A Girl of the Streets First African American to make living as writer Samuel Clemens Local Color = speech and habits of area (region) The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Huckleberry Finn (banned in schools) Seeing is Believing Realism in ART Winslow Homer=== Henry Tanner===== Mary Cassatt===== Thomas Eakins==== Artists capture life Civil War Battle Scenes and New England coast scenes Pictures of black sharecroppers Bright, colorful scenes of people in everyday situations Learned anatomy and dissected dead bodies was able to paint human form accurately (medical operations) Henry Tanner Winslow Homer