Backwards Outline

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    backwardsoutline

    after a first draft iscomplete

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    test the structureof your ideas

    All essay components should closelyconnect.Pick a point and

    stick to it!

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    backwards outline DIRECTIONS:Copy each main sentenceexactly as it appears in thedraft. Afterward, analyzeand revise as needed: title thesis

    topic sentence from each bodyparagraph (#1, #2, #3, #4, etc.)

    underlineor

    create a separate document

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    FRAMEWORKtitlethesis

    topic sentences

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    TITLE

    should not simply state topic

    should connect to thesis and match the hook

    any metaphors and creative phrases used in the title shouldbe explained inside the essay

    remember to capitalize all main words

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    THESIS

    Most important sentence or two in essay. Clearly state youropinion about the topic. Make your argument .

    Not a good place for pronouns; use nouns and proper nounsinstead.

    As college students, for most essays find a place in your

    introduction for this component, unless otherwise directed.

    In most cases, students should avoid asking a thesis question,unless specifically assigned.

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    TOPICSENTENCESSet a paragraphs point at the top. Keep your thesis alive. Must contain

    some analysis. Argue your point in every paragraph.

    Not a good place for pronouns; use nouns and proper nouns instead.

    Under review, topic sentences may need adjustment in order to maintainstrong essay structure.

    Stick closely to your original concept orrealize that your main idea maybe changing and developing as you write.

    Dont be afraid to change topic sentences, change thesis, or change

    both in order to improve your work.

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    remembercut, copy

    andpaste"are awritersbest friends!

    Dont be afraid to move ideas and/or support to better

    construct your thoughts.

    Think of your readers. Handle their reading experience with care.

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    learn toconnector cut

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    OUTERSHELLhook

    detailed support

    conclusion

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    hookshow your

    thesis

    launch yourargument

    grab andkeep thereaders

    attention

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    detailedsupport

    connect to topic sentence

    connect to thesis

    connect to title

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    DONT simply repeatyourthesis, topic sentences or

    support.PLAN ahead! Savesomething special for a

    strong close.

    GIVE readers a reason toread through the end ofyour essay.

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    practicedynamicoutlining

    outline before, duringand after drafting

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    remember:intro = hook + thesis only

    Learn to distinguish the main idea fromsupporting points.Move competing ideas into body paragraphs;try using them as topic sentences.In prewriting, writers often find their thesis surrounded by topic

    sentences. When initially recording thoughts, the brain

    delivers main ideas first. The writers job is to sort, organize

    and build a composition out of these puzzle pieces.

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    REVISEAND SHINE!

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    Gina Fournier

    Oakland Community College

    Fall 2008