Hiranya Sept

8/8/2019 Hiranya Sept

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lncWy sk]vXw-_ 20101

COVER


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lncWy

HIRANYA

IInd

Floor, Sreekanteswara Complex, Mavoor Road, Calicut-4, Ph: 0495-2724700www.hinduveda.org.,[email protected]

Advisory Panel

Keezhanelloor Parameswaran Namboodiri

AryabhaskarDr. R. Radhakrishna Varma

Dr. Harish Chandra

EditorVivek. D. Shenoy

Deputy EditorArun Prabakaran

Editorial Co-ordinatorP.T. Vipindas Arya

Managing Editor

K. Meera RajeshCover & Inner Graphic Design:

Shijoy.P

1186 NnwInnw1932 `m{Zw-Bizn\w `m{Zw

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......................................................................................................................................................

lnphns cbvvBNcW IqSntb Xocq

kzman NnZm-\-]pcn /

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kym-h-\wHcp A\p`qXnDn-r-jvW ]n.-]n.

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15

20

24

28

33

37

59

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51

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43 tNmtZym-cw"BNmcy's\mBcmWv?

BNmcy Fw.-B. cmtPjv

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Kw-Km-{]-km-Zv D-]m-ymb

]p\--Pn\p-tmh bpnbpw ?



4/64


A`n-apJw

lnphns cbvvBNcW IqSntb Xocq

1989 EjntIinse ssIemkm{ian, almafiteiz hnZym\Kncn kzmanIfn \npwk-\ym-k-Zo- kzo-I-cn- kzman NnZm-\--]pcn hn-a-em-\--kzm-an-I-fp-sS A-\p-{Klo-X in-jy\pwIqSn-bm-Wv. sIm-f-q A-ssZz-Xm-{i-aw a-Tm-[n-]-Xn, A-l--Zm-_mZnse am[-hm-\-m-{i-a-ns

am-Zinbpw tImgn-tmSv k-I-em-im-e-bnse k\m-X\ [-]o-T-ns hn-kn-nw-Kv s{]m-^-k-dpam-Wv. i--c-_m-e-k-Z\w, `--\n-hm-kv hm-\-{]- D-]m-k-\ tI-{w, in-h-a-ln-av-\m-kv-t{Xm-{Xw]-c-ta-iz-co-bw hym-Jym\w, {io-cm-a-Ko-X, AssZz-X ]--c-Xv\w, \-h-[m-`n, {]-Whw,{ioa-Zv `-Kh-Zv Ko-X i-m-c-`m-jyw (Fv `m-K-) Xp-Sn-b Ir-Xn-IfpsS Im-hm-Wv. am-[h-Pn ]p-c-kv-Imcw, kzm-an kn-n-\m-Ym-\- ]p-c-kv-Imcw, ]-fin-X-c-Xv-\w ]p-c-kv-Im-cw Fn-h t\Sn-bnp-v.

kzm-an Nn-Zm-\--]p-cn-bp-sS B-`n-ap-Jy-n- k-\m-X-\ [-- {]N-c-W {]-h---\---m-bnA-tm-fn sIm-f-q-cn- {io h-tm-d-m-hv t-{X-k-an-Xn-bpw, A-ssZz-Xm-{i-a-hpw 1992 m-]n-X-ambn. Iq-Sm-sX km-aqln-I {]-h---\-n-\mbn {io i--c Nm-cn--_n- {S-v 2003 cq-]o-Ir-X-ambn. c-v h--j-n-\p-n- A-i-c-W-cpw, A-\m-Y-cpam-b _m-e--am-sc G-s-Sp-v [m-nIt_m-[-tm-sS h-f--m-\m-bn {io i--c _m-e-kZ-\hpw B-cw-`np. kw-m-\-n-se hnhn-[

`m-K--fn- \n-m-bn A-]-tXm-fw Ip-n-Ifm-Wn-tm-gn-hn-sS ]-Tn-p--Xv.



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? tIc-f-n-\-Ipw ]p-dpw H-cp-]m-Sv {]h\ ]cnNbap AtbmSv lnp k-aq-l-n-s C-s B-fl-hn-izmks Afphm ]dm Fmbn-cnpw a-dp-]-Sn?

=kmaqlnIhpw BymflnIhpw BNcW]chpamb taJeIfn Hcp]mSv BNm-cy--am-cp-sS {]-h---\-^-e-ambn, _m-lyambn hnhn[ ZrnbnemsWnepw BcnIambn Hcp ktis \Insmv {]hnpXns eambn H\h[n B-fl-hn-izm-kw h--n-n-pv. A-tX-kabv HcpXcw Bekytam X]nmbv-atbm h--n-p-h-cp- H-cp Imgv-N Xo---bmbpw Ipd-v Z-i-I--p ap-p-m-bncpXv Cv hnpsImncnpp.A-Xv H-cp m-K-p-s-nepw A-h-\h-s\n-e-\n--mWv {][m-\w. AXp-sIm-pX-s t\c-s kq-Nn-n- B-fl-hn-izmk-s hfp {]h\fpw {]m\-fp-sam-s X-s Iq-Sp-X- Pm-{K-X-

kzman NnZm-\--]pcn /Acp {]`mIc

tbm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw G-IXm-t_m-[-tm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw {]-h--n-t- k-a-b-am-Wn-Xv.

? ln-p-k-aq-l-n-s c-v ap-J--sf--n-bm-Wv A-v ]-d-Xv. H-v H-cp B-e-ky-n-t-bpw a-sm-v H-cp t_m-[w D-W--phcpXns\bpw]n. As\sbntI-c-f-n- C-p \-S-p- B-fl-l-Xy-I-fn- G-hpw Iq-Sp-X- B-fp-I- ln-p--fmWv. C-sXp-sIm-m-Wv? A-XpX-s Ip-Spw-_-B-fl-l-Xy-I-fp-am-Wv.

= C-s H-cp k-aq-l-n-s A-h- C--se-I-fp-sS I---n-s ^-e cq-]amWv. Cs IfpsS ecq]wF-m-bmepw H-cp A-Sp- X-e-ap-d ap-X-

I-p-Xp-S-p-p. \-p-sS I-gn- Htmctm aqtm X-e-ap-d-I- Xo-pw B-N-c-W-c-ln-X--am-cm-bn-cpp. C-Xn- A-]-hm-Z--fpv. ctm aqtm t]- im-kv-{Xsfbpw BNcWsfbpsams ]pe-n h-n-p-apv. AXp-sIm-m-Wv \--sfm-s \n-e-\n--p-Xv. A-Xv th-sdhn-jbw. km-aq-ln-I-am-bn-v \-p-sS B-N-c-W--sfbpw im-kv-{X--sfbpw H-s X-n--d- H-cp X-e-ap-d-bm-bn-cp-p A-s-n- ctm aqtm X-e-ap-d-I-fm-bn-cp-pIgnpt]mbXv. Ah sNtXmb {]



6/64


h\ imkv{Xhnjbambmepw BNcWhnjbambmepw sNmXpw ]Icw ]ptcm-Ka-\w F-pw ]d-v \-p-sS B-N-c-W-sf ap-gp-h- X-f--p-Itbm sN-bv-X-Xn-s ^-e-cq-]-am-Wv C--\p-`-hn-p--Xv. \--

C-p sN-p- I----fp-sS -e-cq-]-- hcm\ncnptXbpq. AYhm ]Xps]-Xp-s I-p-Xp-S-p--tX-bpq. C-hn-sSBfllXy F- hnjbw kqNnnXpsImp ]-dbmw I-gn- H-cp Z-i-I-n-ep-m-bn-cp- B-fl-l-Xy-tb-m- C-tm- A-ev-]wIp-d-n-pv. I-W-p-I- A-Xm-Wv \-tm-Sv ]-d-bp-Xv. F-p-sh-m- ]q---ambpwIpd-p F-- A-w. \-p-sS {]-h---\--fp-sS ^-ew \n--b-ambpw A-Sp-X-e-ap-d-sbm-s B-hp-tm-tgpw I-p-h-cpw. A-Xn- kw-i-b-an-. Imc-Ww I---n-

s ew hynpapv, kaqln\papv.hynv am{Xa Ins eapXv.sam-w k-a-n-bn- A-Xv Im-Wpw. A-Xm-Wv B hn-j-b-n- \-ap-v tXm-p--Xv.

? -c-WIq-Sn-s Ign--Imes C-Ss]S-ep-I- ln-p-k-aq-l-n-\v F-s-nepwtZmjw h-cp-n-bn-ptm? D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bntIcfn \Sn hcpnb q]cnjvcW \nb-aw F-s-n-epw-tZm-jw sN-bv-Xn-p-tm?

= C-hn-sS t\c-s ]-d-Xv Ip-d-p-Iq-Sn H-p hn-i-Z-am-bn t\m-Ww. A-Xmb-Xv]p-tcm-K-a-\m-i-b--fpsS-sbm-s t]-cn- \-p-sS B-N-c-W-- ap-gp-h- A-_---fm-Wv F- {]-Nmc-Ww i--am-bn \n-e-\np.t{XmZn k{Zmb A\mNmcfpsS..

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picture

courtesy:4.bp.blogspot.com

]almb1. {_-b-w: k-ym-h--\-am-Wv

H-ma-s b-w.

2. tZ-hb-w : An-tlm-{X-am-Wvc-ma-Xv bw

3 . ]n-Xrb-w : Po-hn-n-cn-p-amXm]nXmtfbpw Kpcpamtcbpw {i--tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn ]-cn-N-cn-pXmWv aqmas bw

4. ` q-Xb -w : ]-n -I -pwP-p--pw tcm-Kn-I-pwapw A-w \--Ip--Xm-Wv \m-ema-Xv b-w.

5. A-Xn-Ynb-w : th-Zw ]-Tn-BNmcyamcpw kymknamcpw

km-[-I--am-cpw A-Xn-Yn-I-fmWv.Ah-sc ]-cn-N-cn-p--Xm-WvA-ma-Xv b-w.

CsHcp kaql

nsAh

CseIfpsS Ins

^e cq]amWv.

CsIfpsS ecq

]w Fmbmepw HcpASpXeapdapXIp

XpSpp.

'

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7/64


tI-{--fm-Wv im-kv-{X--sfm-s Xo-pwA]cnjvIrXtfm \sf Hcp]mSv ]ntmp h-enp-sImp-t]m-Ip-tXm B-Wv F-sm-cp [m-c-W ap--X-e-ap-d-I-fp-sS bp-h a-\-n-ep-m-bn-cpp. th-Zw ]-Tn-p-h-s\ I-fn-bm-n sIm-v thZs 'Nn-X-bn-te-bv--h-F-Sp-s-dn-bq th-Kw' F-v N-p-g ]m-Snb-Xp t]m-ep- h-cn-I- G-p-]m-Sp- H-cp

bp-h-Xz-am-bn-cp-p c-p X-e-ap-d-I-p ap-]v F--Xn-\v bm-sXm-cp kw-i-bhpw C-. H-cpt{Xw X-I-v I- sh-m- \-p-sS \m-n- A-{X-bvv sF-iz-cy-ap-mIpw Fpw a-p-ap- {]-Nc-Ww C-hn-sS-bp-m-bn-cpp. C-Xv t-{X-s am{Xw Du-n-sm-- ]-d-bp--Xv. A-Xn-eq-sS \-- a-\-n-em-t--Xv k-I-e B-N-c-W--fnepw \-- ]n-tm-w t]m-bn F-mWv. \-p-sS B-N-cW--sfms Xopw A_ hnizmkfmWv,A\mNmcfmWv, ZpcmNmcfmWv F a\xnXn bphkaqln hym]np. AXns -e-am-bn-v \-ap-v kmw-kv-m-cn-I-ambpwBNcW]cambpw Hcp]t [mnIambpwX-s H-cp-]m-Sv A-]N-bw h-p-tN-p. F-tmgpw H-cp Kym-v h-p I-gn-m- A-hn-sS a-p ]-eXpw Ib-dn h-cpw. A-tm- \-- ap ]eXnt\bpw A\pIcnm XpSn.]-e _m-ly-fmb s]m----fp-sSbpw ]n-m-se \mw t]m-Im- Xp-Sn. H-cp `mK-v\psS BNcWsf XnckvcnpIbpwA-sXm-s th-m--Xm-sW-p- H-cp k-aq-l-a\-v h-f--n-sb-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXB n-Xn-bn- X-s-bm-Wv t\c-s kq-Nnn \nba tlXphmbntm ]cnjv

c-W-- tl-Xp-hm-bntm H-s-bp- {]-Xn-

I-c-W-- k-aq-l-n- h-cp-Xv. `q-]-cn-jv-c-W \n-baw, A-Xn-s\-p-dn-n-tm- hn-i-Z-am-bn N-- sN-m- km-ya-. A-Xn-s\-n hy-Xykv-X A-`n-{]m-b-- \-p-sScm-{o-b hr---fn- X-s h-p-I-gn-n-pv. F-m-bmepw A-Xp-sIm-v H--\h-[nKpWapmbnpv. ImcWw qclnXamcmb ]-e-pw q-an Inp--Xn\v, sh-dp-sX In-S-

n-cp- H-cp-]m-Sv tXm---fpw ]p-d-tm-p-Ifpw Km-ln-I B-h-iy--v ]-Xn-p \--Im\pw H-s A-Xv tl-Xp-hm-bn km-[n-n-pv. A-Xp Kp-W-h-i-amWv. ]t, A-tXk-abv Cu q-]-cn-jv-c-W \n-b-aw 1960I-fp-sS B-Zy-Im-e-n-epw 1971 se ss{]h-vt^m-d-kv-v sh-kv-nw-Kv Bpw Cu c-v \n-b-a tlXphmbnv \psS t{X`qanIH--\h-[n \--sp. ssl-tm-S-Xn-bp-sS `m-jbn Xs bmsXmcpXcnepapff \]cnlmctam {]Xn^etam \ImsX ss{]hv t^m-d-kv-v sh-kv-nw-Kv B-v A-\p-k-cn-vh\`q-an-I \sXv. t-{X-fpsS hIbm-bn-p-m-bn-cp- `q-an-I- `q-]-cn-jv-c-W\nbaw tlXphmbn \sXp ImcWw Imem-Im-e--fn- ]-cn-jv--cn-v \--tI- B-\yp-n-I- aq-v Zi-Iw I-gn-npw A-w-t]mepw ]-cn-jv--cn-p-I-t]mepw sN-bv-Xn-n-msbXv ssltmSXn hnebncpnb hnjbamWv. Cu ]d hnebncp 1990IfpsS aynemWv \SXv. AXn\ntmpwA-Xp X-s-bm-Wv n-Xn. `q-]-cn-jv-c-W\nb-aw A-\p-k-cn-v Im-em-Im-e--fn- B-\ypn ]pXpn IntXv t{Xv Inm nXn sImv H\h[n t{X

Xo-pw Po--n-v -bn-p t]mbn. A-..

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\-p-sS B-N-c-W--sfbpwimkv{Xsfbpw Hs Xnd Hcp XeapdbmbncppAsn ctm aqtm XeapdIfmbncpp Ignpt]mbXv. A-h- sN-t-Xm-b{]h\ imkv{Xhnjbam-bmepw B-N-c-W-hn-j-b-am-bmepw sN-m-Xpw ]I-cw]p-tcm-Ka-\w F-pw ]d-v\psS BNc Wsf apgph XfpItbm sNbvXXns^ecq]amWv C\p`hnpXv.

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thZw]Tnphs\ Ifnbmn sImv

thZs'NnXbntebvh

FSpsdnbq thKw'

FvNpg]mSnbXpt]mephcnIGp]mSp

HcpbphXzambncpp cpXeapdIp ap]vFXn\vbmsXmcpkwibhpw

C.

""

'



8/64


c-sam-cp km-l-N-cy-ap-m-bn-pv. ]-t1960I-p ti-jw t-{X \-ho-Ic-Ww hf-sc i--am-bn tI-c-f-n- \-S-p-Ibpw {]-tXy-In-v A-m-Sn-p-dw X-fn t-{X hn-tam-N-\-n-\v ti-jw hen-sbm-cp X-cw-Kw t]m-

se cq-]-sp. H-cp-]m-Sv {]-tZ-i--fn- I-n-n-I- cq-]o-I-cn-p-Ibpw {S-p-I- cq-]o-I-cn-p-I-bp-samw sN-bv-Xv P-\-- H--s-m-bn t-{X-sf h-f--n-sb-Spp. A-Xv t\c-t kq-Nn-n- G-s-Sp--en-eq-sS\ssXmpw In- n-bXpsIm. adn-vP-\---n-S-bn- h-f-- {i--bp-sS ^-e-am-bn-v A-h D-b--s-gp-t-p h--XmWv.A-s\ D-b--s-gp-t--Xn-s ^-e-am-bnkaqln BNcWfpsams hopwhnpv. CXmWv t{Xsf kw_nv ]-d-bm-\p-Xv. ]n-s-bp-Xv hen-b X-d-

hm-SpI-sf kw-_-n-mWv. A-Xv Ip-g--sam-p-an-. [m-cm-fw sI-n-sh--h- Bcm-tWmA-h-t-Xv hn-`-Pn--s-tms. k-aq-l-n-\vInp-I X-s sNbv-tXms. AXp-sIm-v \-- A-Xv A-\p-Iq-e-am-bn-t ImWq. AXp-sIm -v `q-]-cn-jv-c-W \n-ba-s H-cn-epw tam-i-

am-bn ]q---

picturecourtesy:upload.wikimed

ia.org

]almb GsXmcmfpw sNtXmWv. hnti

jnv Ccw ImNcWfn Krl\mWv Ghpa[nIw _myXbpXv. ]almb sNptmam{Xsa Krl Krlm{ian BIq. \psS kaqls Xm-n-\n--p- Kr-ls\ kw_nv Ahiy I---hy-am-Wv ]--a-lmb AXv \nb

ambpw sNtXmWv.'

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9/64


am-bnpw ]-d-bn-. k-n-{i-am-bn-cn-p- ^-ew A-Xn-s ^-e-am-bn-v D-m-bn-pv. H-cp-]m-Sv \- AXp-sIm-v D-m-bn-pv. ]tCu ]d tZmjw \sfmcnepw ImWmXncncpXv.

? I-gn- D--c--fn- A-v H-cp hm-v ]-e XhW Bhnp ]dbpIbpmbn. BN-c-Ww F-v F-m-Wv B-N-cWw? F-n-\m-Wv B-N-c-Ww?

= C-hn-sS B-Nm-cw, B-N-c-Ww F-sm-s ]-d-bp-tm- Cu [---am-Wv k-aql-s \ne\npXv. GXv ImeLnembmepw `m-cXo-b k--ev-]-a-\p-k-cn-v k-aql-s \ne\npXv [amWv. [n G-hpw {]-[m-\w B-Nm-c-amWv. BNm-c{]-`thm [-. F-s-nepw B-i-b-sf{]-kw-Kn-p-Itbm A-s-n- ]p-kv-X-I-sa-gp -Xp-Itbm sN-bv -XXp- s I m -smpw [-w \n-e-\n- -n-. H -cp-]m-Sv B-i-b-- \-p- sS a\na-kv-Xn-jv --n- sh- X p -sImpw [w \ne\n n -. [ -w \ne\nWsan hy -n -X-e-nepw k-aq -l-X -e - nepw \

cp t\cw \nXy Antlm

{Xw sNtXv Npcpn Npcpn cv hnfv shbvsenepw Dmbncpp. AcwB-N-c-W- t]mepw Xo-pw Xnckvcnp Hcp k{Zmbw CSmev hp. Cv hopw AXntesmskaqlns {i hfp hcppv.

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10/64


sN-t- B-N-c-W-sf ip--am-bnsNp-I X-s thWw. A-tm- A-Xnssh-b-n-I-am-bn sN-t--Xpv, km-am-Pn-I-am-bn sN-t--Xpv. ssh-b-n-I-am-bnsN-t-Xv \n-Xy ss\-ann-I I----fm-Wv. \n-Xy ss\-ann-I I---- Ip-ie-X-tbm-Sp Iq-Sn sNp-I F-p--XmWv. tI-c-

fo-bam-b km-l-N-cy-n t\m-n-bm sam-w k-aq-lw \n-Xy-I---sf sN-bvXp-sIm-p X-sbmtWm ]p-e--Xv \q-m-p-I-fm-bn-v. A- F- D-cw \-ap-v ]-d-tb-n-h-cpw. F-nepw A-Xn-s-sbm-s Ip-td em--\-I- A-Xns-sbm-s {]-Xo-I--sf-sb-nepw \psS BNcWfnepmbncpp.D-Zm-lc-Ww ]-d-m- c-p t\-cw \n-XyAntlm{Xw sNtXv Npcpn Npcpncv hnfv shbvsenepw Dmbncpp.Acw BNcW t]mepw Xopw Xnc-kv--cn-p- H-cp k-{-Zm-bw C-S-me-vhp. C-v hopw A-Xn-te-sm-s k-aq-l-n-s {i- h-f-p h-cp-pv. A-Xm-Wv t\c-s kq-Nn-n--Xn-s A--w.

\n-Xy ss\-ann-I I---sf hy-n-Xenepw kmamPnIXenepap hyXymk--tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn D-t-inp-sIm-m-Wv B-N-c-W-- F-p hn-fn-p-Xv. A-Xmb-Xv \n-Xy Ifnsems ]almbs{]-tX-y-I-am-bn-v a-\-n-em-n-sm-pI.

? ]almb GsXmcp a\pjy\pwsN-t-Xm-tWm? F-m-Wv A--bp-sS A-`n-{]m-bw?

= AsX. ]--a-lm-b--- G-sXm-

cmfpw sN-t--XmWv. hn-ti-jn-v C-cwI--m-N-c-W--fn- Kr-l-\m-Wv G--hpa

[n-Iw _m-y-X-bp-Xv. ]--a-lm-b--- sN-p-tm- am{Xsa Kr-l-- Kr-l-m-{i-an BIq. H-cm- Km--l-y-n- X-s I---hy-sf ]q--n-bm-n A-Sp-X-e-ap-d-bv-v A-[n-Im-c-fpw _m-y-X-IfpwG--np-sIm-Sp-p kqv-a D-]m-k-\-bv-m-bnsmv hm\{]ntev {]thinm A--s\-bp- hm-\-{]-n-v ]--a-lm-b--- _m-y-X-bn-. AXp-t]m-se B-cv Xo-pw X-s I-- Im-Wv-T-tm-Sp-_-s im-kv-{X-n-\-\p-k-cn-v D-t]-n-n-ptm A--s\-bp- kym-knpw ]-

almbfn _myXbn. ]Tnp hn-Zym--n-v ]-Tnp-I F-p-Xp am-{X-am-Wv bw. ]-Tn-p-Xn-t\m-Sv A-\p-_-n-v b--- th-sd-bpv. F-nepwAXp-sIm-v A-bm-pw ]--a-lm-b---fn- _m-y-X-bn-. \-p-sS k-aql-sXm-n-\n--p- Kr-l-s\ kw-_-n-vAh-iy I---hy-am-Wv ]--a-lmb-Pv-R-- A-Xv \n--b-ambpw sN-t--Xm-Wv.

? tI-c-f-n-se ln-p-k-aq-l-n-\v [---kw-c--Wn-\v th-n N-cn-{X-]-c-am-bn h- Zu-Xyhpw \n-d-th-dm-\p-tm?

= Xo---bm-bnpw D-v. G-Xv Im-e-L--

\ km[mcW DSphmpI Fsmcp {]tbmKw aebmfn]dbmdpv.DSm F

fpamWv.hmm

Adnbnsn DScpXv.Ign Xeapdbn DSp hmn. CXc aXsf kw_nv DS

m AhkXnn.ImcWw Ahv Imhen\v Bm Dmbncpp. lnpkaql

s kw_nv A

s\sbmcpImhemsfmpan. CXvhyambpw\ a\

nemWw.

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picturecourtesy:lh5.g

gpht.com`q]cnjvcW \nbaw 1960I

fpsS BZyImenepw 1971 se

ss{]hv t^mdkvv shkvnwKvB- v A-ssk--sa- v BpwCu cv \nba tlXphmbn v \psS t{X`qanI H\h[n \sp. ssltmSXnbpsS `mjbn Xs bmsXmcp-X-c-n-ep-ap-f-f \--]-cn-lm-ctam {]Xn^etam \ImsXss{]hv t^mdkvv shkvnwKvBv A\pkcnv h\`qanI \sXv.

""

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lncWy sk]vXw-_ 20101 0


11/64


nembmepw AXXv kaqln [n h-p-tN-cp- Nyp-Xn-sb hn-e-bn-cp-p-

hm\pw B Nyp-Xn-v F-m-Wv ]-cn-lm-cw F-p-Xv Nn-n-m\pw k-aq-l-n- _p-n-]c-am-bn D-b-- H-cp \yq-\-]-sanepw {i-n-p-Ibpw {]-h--n-p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xm-am-{X-ta G-Xv Im-e-L--n-em-bmepw [--kw-c--Ww \n-e-\n-q. C-Xv \-ap-v N-cn-{Xntev t\mnbm a\nemmhpH-cp hn-j-b-amWv. B \n-e-bv-v ]-d-bp-tm-C-v t\c-s kq-Nn-n- Im-c-W--fp-sS ]n--Xp-S---bm-bn-v X-s h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw A-kz-XIfpw BNmcipnbnmbvabpw X]ns A-`m-hhpw H-cpX-cw ey-t_m-[-an-m-bv-

abpw Fmw \-p-sS-bn-S-bn-epv. C-Xn- \n-v \-p-sS k-amP-s D-b--m- th-nicnbmb {]h\w imkv{Xnsbpw BNcWnsbpw ASnm\n DbphcWw. kmaqlnIambn GIX kackX Fsm-s hm-p-I- {]-tbm-Kn-p-sa-nepwC-s k-aq-l-n-s n-Xn ]cn-tim-[n-p- \-ap-v a-\-n-emIpw H-cpX-cw hn-]-co-X-hn-thN-\w C-v km-aqln-I km-n-IXefn \nehnepv. Cu hn]coX hnthN-\w \n-e-hn-ep-v F--Xn-\v kwi-b-sam-p-an-. B-sc-Xn--mepw \-ap-v A-t\-Iw am-

\fn-eqsS Nn-n-p-I-gn-m- A-Xv a-\-

n-em-mw. A-Xn- \n-v D-]-cn-bm-bn-v k-am-P-n- G-h-pw k-am-\-X th-Ww. cm-{-n- kam-\ \n-b-a--fpw kam-\ A-h-Im-i-fpw kam-\ km-y-X-I-fp-ap-m-I-Ww F-p- hn-j-b-n-te-v H-cp D-W-v l-n-p

k-aql-s kw-_-n-v kw-`-hn-Ww. A-tm- Cu c-v {]-iv-\--fmWv. H-v im-kv-{X-n-sbpw B-N-c-W--fp-sSbpw A-Sn--d-bn- i-cnbmb t_m-[-ap- k-aql-s h-f--n-sb-Sp--. c-v km-aq-ln-I-am-bn i-cnbm-b {]-Xn_--X A-tXm-sSm-w sam-wk-am-\-am-bn G-I \n-e-hm-c-n- C-hn-sS \o-Xn \n---ln--s-Sp-p-v F-v Dd-p h-cp--- D-W-- Pm-K-cq-Iam-b H-cp k-aq-lhpw tI-c-f-n- {]-tXy-Inpw D-m-bn-cn-Ww. C-Xv \n---lnp-I F-p-Xv C-hn-Sps sslh {]m\, sslh {]

m-\--sf-v \-- D-t-in-p-Xv im-kv-{Xnsbpw BNcWfpsSbpsams taJ-e-I-fn- A-t\-Iw B-Nm-cy--am-cp-sSbpwapw t\-Xr-Xz-nepw \n--t-i-n-\-\p-k-cnpw {]h--n-p F-m {]m-\-fpwCu-sbm-cp eyw D-n- shp-sIm-v i--am-bn {]-h--n-m- am-{X-ta C-hn-sS ln-p-k-aq-lw X-s \n-e-\n-q F-m-Wv \-p-sS hn-e-bn-cp-. Imc-Ww A-{X B-]---cam-b H-cp Z-i C-hn-sS \n-e-hn-epv. AXp-sImmWv \n Ncn{X]cw Fp ]dXn-s\ A-\p-Iq-enp-sIm-v ]-d-Xv. AXp-sIm-v N-cn-{X-]-cam-b H-cp ZuXyw X-s-bm-W-Xv. C-s-n- Xo---bmbpw H-cp XpS-p\o--s-Sp- A-h--bn-te-v I-Sp-t]m-Ipw. A-Xn- kwi-b-sam-p-an-. C-Xv Ip-td-

kybvsnepw DXmb hnfp sh\maP] Cns\bphsb\ t{]mm-ln-n-Ww. AhnsS HXpnbmt]mc ap

tmp t]m

IWw. icnv ]dm An

tlm{XfpsS Hcp {]

XoIsatmWw NpcpntmbBNcWamWv Cu

hnfvsh. ]t AsXnepw th

Ww.

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BNmcw, BNcWw Fsms ]dbptm Cu [amWv kaqls \ne\npXv. GXv ImeLnembmepw

`mcXob kev]a\pkcnv kaqls \ne\npXv [amWv. [n Ghpw {][m\w BNmcamWv. [w \ne\nWsan hynXenepw kaqlXenepw \ sN-t- B-N-c-W-sfip--am -bn sNp-I X-sthWw.

""

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12/64


qSn hyamstS hnjbamWv. ImcWw t\c-s ]-d- km--n-Ihpw km-aq-ln-I-hpam-b F-v kq-Nn-n-Xp-sIm-v D-t-in-Xv hy--am-bn a-\-n-em-m- km-[nWw \apv. AXv \nbaw tlXphmbnpw

k-m-cn-s \-b-- tl-Xp-hm-bnpw Xo-pw hn-]co-X hn-th-N-\-n-\v (reversediscriminati on)hn-t[-b-am--s-Sp- H-cp k-aq-l-am-bn C-hn-Sp-s ln-p Xo-p H-cp `m-Kv. a-sm-cp-`mK-v Xo-pw B-e-kyhpw{]-am-Zhpw im-kv{X-t_m-[-an-m-bv-abpw B-N-cWfnmhcpambn Xop. CXnssbms a-y-n- Ipd-v B-im-h-l-am-bn-p-Xv F-m-sW-v tNm-Zn-m- H--\h-[n B-Nm-cy--am-cp-sSbpw {]-m-\--fp-sSbp-sam-s {]h\^eambn v Cv Ipdv DWv D-m-bn-p-v F-p--Xm-Wv.

? k-aq-l-n-se H-cp i-cmi-cn a-\p-jy-\v C-cnep kmaqlnIt_m[hpan, [mn-I-t_m-[-hpw D-m-h-W-sa-n-. C--c-mv hon hnfv InpXnt\mSpw\m-aw sNm-p-Xn-t\mSp-sam-s ]-c-a ]p--amWv. F-p sh-m- C-h-sbm-s sN-bv-Xm- F-m hn-ti-jw F-m-Wv tNm-Zn-p-I.C--cm-tcm-Sv F-m-Wv A--bp-sS a-dp-]-Sn?

= F-v Inpw F--Xn-t\-m-fp-ap]-cnsN-bv-Xn-s-n- F-v \--sSpw F-v ]-Tn-n-p-I. tem-I-n-\v ap-gp-h- sh-fn--w Im-

Wnnp Hcp kwkvIrXnbpsS ]napdmcm-Wv \-. `m-c-X kw-kv-m-cw `mc-Xw F-sm-s ]-d-bp-tm- B-\-n-p- {]-Im-in B\np Hcp kwkvIrXnbmWv.Cu cm-{hpw Cu kw-kv-Ir-Xnbpw \n-e-\n--Xv k-aq-l-n-s B-Nm-c-ip-n sImpwim-kv-{X-\njvT sImp-sam-s-bmWv. C-hn-sS k-aq-l-n-s im-kv-{X-\njv-T F-p ]-d-bp-tm- k-aq-lw sam--n- im-kv{X-t_m-[-ap--h-cm-bn-cp-p F-o ]-d--Xn-\vA---an-. ]-t B-Nm-c-ip-n-bp-m-bn-cpp. im-kv-{X-s A-dn- B-Nm-cy--am-

A-h t_m-[n-n-p--Xn-\-\p-k-cn-v B-Nc-Ww sN-bv-Xv ]p-e-- H-cp-k-aq-lw \n-e-\n--Xm-bn-cp-p `m-c-X-n-s B `m-c-X-Xz-n-\vtlXp. AXmWv hmkvXhn \psS kwkv-m-cw \n-e-\n--nb-Xv. A-tm- A-Xn-{]-[m-\-am-bn-p-Xm-b Cu B-N-c-W--fn-Hmtcmpw F{X sNdpXmsWv \apv _mly-Zr-n-bn tXm-n-tms. Cu k-amP-s \n-e-\n--p-Xn-\v A-Xn-tXm-b ]-vA-Xv h-ln-n-pv. A-sXmpw sN-m-sX \- t]mIp kabv "sNbvXnsn Fm' F-p- \n-e-bv-v sN-m-Xn-cp-m- \-p-sS km-amPn-I hy-h-bpw [---n-shyhbpsamw Ipgnv HpanmsX

inYneambntmIpw. Atm sNbvXmepKpWa NnntXv. \nXyI As\bmWv. sNbvXnsnep tZmjamWvNnntXv. ChnsS samw hyhsbXm-n-\n--p-Xv C-cw B-N-c-W--fmWv. \-p-sS h-f-p h-cp- a-- kw-kv-m-c-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn h-f-p h-cWw. A-h-vNn-e B-Nm-cy--am-cp-sS ]n-_-ew D-m-bn-cnWw.

\-- ]-e an-Yym-[m-c-W-I-sfbpw ap-X-e-ap-d-I-fn- h-f--n-sb-Sp--Xn-s ]-cn-Wmaw Cu tNm-Zy-n-s ]n-n-epv. G-Xv]p-tcm-K-a-\m-i-bhpw F-s\ t]m-bn-p-s-nepw C-X-c a-X-n--s- H-cmfpw A-h-cp-

sS B-N-c-W--sf \n-tj-[n-p-Itbm

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'

hfscb[nIw AkzXIfpw

BNmcipnbnmbvabpwX]nsA`mhhpwHcpXcw

eyt_m[anmbvabpwFmw \psSbnSbn

epv. kmaqlnIambn

GIX kackX Fsms hmpI {]tbm

Knpsanepw Cs kaqlns nXn ]cntim[np

\apv a\nemIpwHcpXcwhn]coXhnthN\w

CvkmaqlnIkmnIXefn\nehnepv.

""

picturecourtesy:www.trivandrumbuzz.com

\ - hfscb[nIw tZmjwChnsS ImWpXv Ign X

eapd Fv sNbvXp AXp Xs sNWw Fv A\pimknp tPymyamcmWv.ChcmWv Ccw hnjbv IqSpX ImcWmcmbnpXv.

""

'



13/64


tNmZyw sN-p-Itbm sN-bv-Xn-cp-n-. a-dn-vF-v ]p-tcmK-a-\w _m-ly-am-bn ]-d-mepw

{]-kw-Kn-mepw A-h-\h-s B-N-c-W-sf]p-e--n-bn-cp-p. C-Xm-Wv ln-p-k-aq-l-n-\v C-S-me-v ssI-tam-iw h-Xv. B ssI-tam-iw h--Xn-s -e-am-Wv C-cw tNm-Zy-fpmIpXv. AXpsImv BNcW\psS IhyamWv sNbvXnsn CtZmjw Fv ]dv a\nemn sImSpvB k-aql-s D-W--n-sb-Sp-t--Xp-v.\-- km-[m-c-W DS-p hm-p-I F-sm-cp{]tbmKw aebmfn ]dbmdpv. DSbvm F-fp--amWv. hm--m- A-dn-bn-s-n- D-Sbv-cpXv. I-gn- X-e-ap-d-bn- DS-p hm--

n-. C-X-c a-X-sf kw-_-n-v D-S-bvm-

A-h- k--Xn-n-. Imc-Ww A-h-v Im-hen\v Bm Dmbncpp. lnpkaqls kw-_-n-v A-s\-sbm-cp Im-h-em-sfm-p-an-. C-Xv hy--ambpw \-- a-\-n-emWw. BNcWipnbnm Hcp Krl

n- Po-hn-p-Xpw B-N-c-W-ip-n-bp-H-cp Kr-l-n- Po-hn-p--Xpw X-n-ep-imnbpsS kam[m\nssbms hyXymkw kz-bw A-\p-`-hn--dn-bm-t\ km-[nq. A-m-sX A-sXmpw hm-p sIm-v ]-dp-sIm-Sp-m- km-[n-p-I-bn-. AXp-sIm-vk-y-bv-s-nepw D-Xm-b hnf-p sh-- \m-a-P-]-- C-s\-bp-h-sb \--t{]m-m-ln-n-Ww. A-hn-sS H-Xp-n-bmt]m-cm ap-tm-p t]m-IWw. i-cn-v ]-d-m- An-tlm-{X--fp-sS H-cp {]-Xo-I-sa-tm-Ww Np-cp-n-tm-b B-N-c-W-amWv Cu hnf-

v sh-. ]-t A-sX-nepw th-Ww.? C-hn-sS-bn-v k-aq-l-n- I-p-h-cp- a-sm-cp Imcyw F-s-v sh-m- F-s A-t\m apt\m apXpapt\m Ah Pohn-n-cp- Ime-s km-l-N-cy-n- sN-bv-Xn-cp- H-cp Imcyw C-s km-l-N-cy-n-\v tNXmtWm imkv{XkXamtWm Fsmpw t\m-m-sX I-S-v kzo-I-cn-p- H-cp \-b-apv. A-Xv \-ap-v ]m-c--cy-n-s t]-cp ]d-v t{]m-m-ln-n-m- km-[nptam?

= H-cn-epw t{]m-m-ln-n-m- ]-n-.

ap-t\m apXpap-t\m sN-bv-X-Xm-bXpsIm-v im-kv-{X-hn-cp-am-b H-cm-Nc-Ww ]p-e--m- \-- _m-y-c-. 'X-kv-am-Xvimkv{X {]amWw Imcym Imcyhyhn Xu'Cu-sbm-cp Ko-Xm-hmIyw \-- F-tm gpwHm--n-t--XmWv. Im-cym-Im-cy--fp-sS hy-hnXnbn imkv{XamWv {][m\w. kIeim-kv-{X--fp-sSbpw aq-ew th-Z-amWv. A-tm- thZn\\pkrXambn, IpdpIqSn hyam-bn ]-d-m ssh-Zn-I im-kv-{X----\p-kr-X-am-bn-v thWw Cu [-- hy-h--bn- B-N-c-W-- \-- \n--bn-m-. C-

S-me-v k-aq-l-n- \nv Cu im-kv{X-t_m-[w \--sp. H-cp a-y-Im-e-L--n-H-cp-]m-Sv A-\m-Nm-c-fpw Zp-cm-Nm-c-fpw k-aqlicocn hptNnpv. AcwZpcmNmc \psS apt\m apXpapt\m sNbvXnpsn Ah sNbvXp Fp-Xv sIm-v \-- ]p-e-mt\m Xp-Scmt\m _my-cmIpn-. ]Icw sshZn-I imkv{Xn\\pkcnv \psS BNmcsf ip--am-n sNp-I F-p--XmWv. A-Xn-s\ t{]-cn-np-I F-p--Xm-Wv \-p-sSI---hyw. Cu hnj-bw tNm-Zn-Xp-sIm-v

]-db-s C-S-me-v {io \m-cm-b-W Kp-cp-tZ-..

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{io \mcmbW KpcptZhsbpw

BKam\kzmanIfpsSbpw AXpt]mse Hcp]mSv alm]p

cpjamcpsS hfsciamb

{]h\wsImv\psS

\mn CmXmm

Gsdpsdkm[nncp Hcp]mSvZpcmNmc DZmlcWambn

t{Xfpambn _snpaZyw XpSnbh

shnp{InbI C

v hfsciambnhopwDbp

hcppv.

""

'

t{X GXv {]tZintbm AhnsS Bcm[\bvpwD]mk\bvpw DXIp t{X \nnsSWw FmWv \psS A`n{]mbw. ]tAtX kabv ImhpI CmXmn t{X DbpIFpXv icnbmb \S]Sn{IaamsWv Hpw A`n{]mban.

""

'



14/64


hsbpw BKam-\ kzm-an-IfpsSbpw AXpt]mse Hcp]mSv alm]pcpjamcpsS hfsci-am-b {]-h--\w sIm-v \-p-sS \m-n- C-m-Xm-m- G-sd-p-sd km-[n-n-cp- H-cp-]m-Sv Zp-cm-Nm-c-- D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn

t-{X--fp-am-bn _--s-n-p- aZyw Xp-S-n-b-h sh-n-p- {In-b-I- A-s-n-AXp-t]m-se X--fp-sS kzm---em-`-n-\v]m-h-s- P-p-sf sIm-ph-v sImp-I XpSnb BNcWhntij Cv hfsc iambn hopw Dbphcppv. ]ns \ hfscb[nIw tZmjw ChnsS ImWp--Xv I-gn- X-eap-d F-v sN-bv-Xp A-Xp X-s sN-Ww F-v A-\p-im-kn-p-tPym-y--am-cm-Wv. C-h-cm-Wv C-cw hn-j-b--v Iq-Sp-X- Im-c-W-m-cm-bn-p-Xv.tPym-y--am-sc am{Xw ]-d-bp-Ib-. tPym-

Xnjstbm Fm tPymyamsctbm A \-- ]-d-bp-Xv. k-ay-m-bn a-\-n-em-m-sX ]-d-bp- Nn-e tPym-y--am-sc-sm-m-Wv C-Xv ]-d-bp-Xv. aZyw sh- ]q-P-I-A-Xy-[n-Iw hopw \-p-sS k-aq-l-n- h-f--p-h-cp-p-v. i-cnbm-b im-kv-{X-n-\-\p-k-cnv Cu h-I-sbmpw th--Xn- F-vt_m-[n-n-t- I--hyw \-ap-pv. A-hnsS Hcp _pnt`Zw P\nnv {ànnpsImm-bn-cn--cpXv. {]m-tbm-Kn-Iam-b im-kv{Xw]-dp-sIm-Sp-n-v H-cp t]m-kn-o-hm-b co-Xn-bn-em-bn-cn-Ww B t_m[-\w F-p-

Xv {i-n-Ww. C-tm- aZyw sh-v ]q-Pn-Ww aZyw sh-v ]q-Pn-m-se ssZ-hw k-tm-jn-q F-p ]-d-bp--h- A-Xn-\v Imc-Ww ]-d-bp-Xv I-gn- X-eap-d A-s\sNbvXnpv FmWv. CSmev CXv Ponpt]mbXpsImmWv cmaXpw \mn-sb-Sp-m- th-n {]-iv-\-hn-Nm-chpw A-Xp-anXp-sam-s-bm-bn Xp-S-p-Xv. A--s\-bm-sW-n- A-h-tcm-Sv Xn-cn-v tNm-Zn-t-Xv A-v sN-bvX-Xv i-cn-bm-bn-cp-p-sh-n-FpsImv Ponp. Av sNbvXXv sXmbXpsIms CSmev AXv Ponm- C-S-bm-bXv? Cu-sbm-cp tNmZyw tNm-Zn-m- k-aq-lw ]-e-tmgpw ap-tm-p h-cp-n. cmaXmbn aZyw Hcnepw Bscbpw\-m-n-b-Xm-bn-v H-cp -epw H-cp N-cn-{X-nepw \-ap-v Im-Wm- I-gn-bn-. aZyw a-Zn-n-p--Xm-Wv. _p-n-sb \-in-n-p--XmWv. ssZ-h-n-s _p-n \-in-m- A-[n-Iw tZm-j-am-bn-cn-n-t ew. i-n Iq-Sn-b-h- aZyw I-gn-m-em-Wv tZm-jw Iq-Sp-X- F-s-nepw \-- Nn-n-Ww. AXp-sIm-vCcnep A\mNmcfn \npw Ghcpw H-gn-p am-dn-\n--t--Xm-Wvv.

? tI-c-f-n-se ]-e Im-hp-Ifpw t-{X--fmbn ]cnh\w sNsSpXns\pdn

v F-m-Wv A--bp-sS A-`n-{]m-bw?

= Im-hp-I- Im-hp-I-fp-sS kz--X \n-e-\n--Ww. Im-hp-I- ]-cn-k-c-n-s sam-w A--co--n-s H-cp {Km-a-n-s Po-hmhmk hyhbpsS tI{amWv. ]cnnXn kw-c--W-n\pw H-cp {]-tZ-i-n-\p ap-gp-h- ip--hm-bphpw P-ehpw Fmw {]-[m-\w sN-p--Xn-\p-samw hen-b ]-m-Wv Im-hp-I- _m-ly-am-bn h-ln-p-Xv. B--cn-I-ambn Cu {]-]--n-se F-m Po-h-Pm-e-fpw Hcpt]mse Bcm[yamWv, Hcpt]mseZnhyamWv AXpsImv Ahbvsms Bcm-[n--s-tS- Zn-hyam-b H-cp ]Z-hn \--Iev]npsImSpWw F mh\bmWv Fp--Xm-Wv B--cn-Iam-b êw. AY-hmB[n ssZ-hn-Iam-b ^-ew. BZyw ]-d-Xv

B-[n-ù-Xn-Iam-b -ehpw A-tm- Cu hn-[ ê--sfm-s th-W-sa-n- Im-hp-I-A-Xn-s X-\n-a-tbm-Sp Iq-Sn kw-c-n-Ww.C-v s]m-Xp-sh k-aq-l-n- I-p-h-cptcm-Kw F-p ]-db-s Im-hp-I-fp-sS m\-vhenb henb t{X ]WnXpbpI F--XmWv. t-{X-- B-h-iy-amWv.t-{X-- G-Xv {]-tZ-i-n-tbm A-hn-sSB-cm-[-\-bv-pw D-]m-k-\-bvpw D-X-Ip-t-{X-- \n--n--sS-Ww F-m-Wv \-p-sS A-`n-{]m-bw. ]-t A-tX k-ab-vImhpI CmXmn t{X Dbp

I FpXv icnbmb \S]Sn{IaamsWvHpw A-`n-{]m-b-an-.

? C-v H-cp kzXz-t_m-[-n-s A-Sn-m-\ntem H-cp Iu-Xp-I-n-s A-Sn-m-\ntem H-s Im-hn \n-d-tm-Sv h-m-H-cp Xm--]cyw Kr-l---am- Im-Wn-p-h-cppv. t{Xntev t]mIptm Imhn h-kv-{X-ap-Sp-v t]m-Ip-I. ho-p-h-kv-{X-am-bn Im-hn h-kv{Xw [-cn-p-I. C-Xn-s\-p-dn-v F-m-W-`n-{]m-bw?

= AXv kzXzt_m[tmSpIqSnbmtWmFpXnep]cn Agpmbm AetF--Xm-Wv Im-cWw. i-cnbm-b im-kv-{X-a-\p-k-cn-v Im-hn-h-kv{Xw kym-k-n-s _m-lyeWamWv. kymkns eWa. m-\-ssh-cm-Ky--fm-Wv k-ym-k-n-s eWw. _mlyeWs enwKw Fp ]-d-bpw. A-tm- kym-k-n-s enw-K-am-Wv Imhn. A-Xn- H-cp X-z-apv. hn-c-n-bp-sSbpw Xym-K-n-sbpw m-\-n-sbpw H-s Xzw A-Xn-s ]n-n-ep-v.

k-\m-X-\ [-- hy-h-sb B-Z-cn-p-h kymknbmh Imhnhkv{Xw [

cn--cp-Xv F-m-Wv \-p-sS A-`n-{]m-bw.(XpS-cpw)

aZyw shv]qPnmsessZhw ktmjnqFp ]dbph AXn\v ImcWw

]dbpXv I

gn Xeapd As\sNbvXnpvFmWv. As\bmsWn AhtcmSv XncnvtNmZntXv CSmev CXv Ponpt]m

bXpsImmWv cm

aXpw \mnsbSpm thn {]iv\hnNm

chpw AXpanXpsamsbmbn XpS

pXv. A

s\sbn Av sNbvXXv icnbmbncppshn

FpsImvPonp.

""

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15/64


aX-an-m- Po-hn-Xw I-n-m-\n-m- I-- bm-{Xt]m-se-bm-sW-v a-lm-flm-Kmn ]dbpIbpmbn. Chn-sS A-t-lw D-t-in- a-

Xw A`n{]mba; kmmdn-en-Py- Xs. Cu a-XwF-Xv km-[m-c-W-mc-sa-\-n- A-p-cn- ap-fb-.

AbmfpsS a\n ]eXpw DZnmdpv. Adnhv, Cw, k-Xw ap-X-em-b-h-bvpw \n-L-p-hn- a-Xw F-v ]d-p Im-Wpp. a-X-Nn--Icpw Bflo-b Nn--I-cpw- ]n-p-S-cp-aXw km[mcWmcs a\nepZn {]mIrXkev]a.

a-X-sa-v ]-d-bp-tm- a-X-Nn--I-m-AampXv [amWv. lnpaXw ln

p [hpw {InkvXpaXw {InkvXp[hpw

C-mw, C-mw- [--hp-am-Ipp. Cu [---sa- a-X-n-s A-n-hmcw Cu-iz-c-hn-izm-k-amWv. a-\p-jy- X-t-m- F{Xtbm A-XypXhpw AZrhpamb Hcp inbn hniz-kn-pp. Cu hn-izm-kw a-\p-jy-k-aq-l-n- A-Xn-i-am-b kzm-[o-\w sN-ep-pp. Cu kzm-[o-\-n-s X-W-en- a-\p-

jy- A-\p-jv-Tn-p- I---am-Wv [-w. A-Xm-Wv aXw. A-Xv in-ip-hn-s a-\-n- an-n-adbp hnImchntm`amsWv ]dbpXvaXsamsWdnhnmXpsImmWv. A\--i-n-bp-sS ap-n- a-\p-jy- F-{X \n-mc! Cu A-ev-]Xzw Ah-s\ \n-co-iz-c-hm-Z-n-te-v \-bn-p-p.

C-y-bn-se G-sd A-dn-b-s- \n-co-iz-c- Nm--m-I-\m-bn-cpp. A-tlw Cu-iz-c-\nepw aXnepw hnizknncpn; {]Xyn am{XamWv hnizknncpXv. NmmIs ap - {Zm -hmIyw C-Xm-bn -cp -p. ""ISw

hmnbpw s\v IpSn-p-I. I-Sw hm-n-bm-

imkv{X Nn-bnse Cuiz-c

hn.-F-kv. lj-h-\

aXNnbpw

\ncoizchmZhpw

aXanmPohnXw Inm\nm I

bm{X t]msebmsWvalmflmKmn ]dbpIbpmbn. ChnsS Atlw DtinaXw A`n{]mba;kmmdnenPy

Xs

""

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hntZinI FgpXnsh Ncn{Xhpw XeXncn thZhymJym\fpw ]Tn IgnXeapdbnse Hcp]mSv t] \ncoizchmZsa Ccpntev IqpIpnbnpv. mcXobZi\fnepw Acm \ncoizchmZw Btcm]np. Cu ]men \npsImv sshZnIaXs ]TnpIbmWv teJI.

picturecourtesy:nationalgeographic.com



16/64


Xn-cn-v sIm-Sp-t-. a-cn-m- i-co-cw `-kv-a-am-Ipw. A-Xp hopw h-cn-.'' C--s\-bp- \n-co-izc-s \n-m-c-Nn--I- A-s P\XXn AwKoIcnn. AXn\m Nmm-Ia-Xw \-inp-t]mbn. Nm--mI-shmpw {]-hr-nbpw X-n- bm-sXm-cp s]m-cphpapmbncpn. {]Xyn am{Xta hn-iz-kn-p-I-bp-p F-v ]-d- Nm--mIm A\pam\nepw hnizknncpp.BImin ImtaL ]cXp Im a-g s]-p-sapw A-\p-am-\n-v A-h- Ip-SIndpnnSnmWv shfnbnendnbncpXv. am-{X-a- A-Sp- Znh-kw hn-i-p-sa-\pam\nv XteZnhkw Xs yhkvXp- kw-`-cn-p-am-bn-cpp. Nm--m-I-m- i- {]-am-W-nepw hn-iz-kn-n-cpp. _r-l-kv]-Xn F- \n-co-iz-c- F-gpXn-b kq-{X--fmbncpp AhcpsS {]amW. thZfn hn-iz-kn-m-h-sc \m-kv-Xn-I-m-sc-m-Wv a-\p hn-fn--Xv. Nm--m-I-m-, _u--m-, ssP-\-m- F-n-h- \m-kv-Xn-I-m-cm-bn-cpp.

A-Xn-\m- A-h-cp-sS Z--i-\-- \m-kv-XnIfmWv. Fm \ymbw, sshtijnIw,kmw-Jyw, tbmKw, ao-amw-k, th-Zm-w F-oB-dv Z--i-\-fpw B-kv-Xn-I--fmWv. Imc-Ww C-h th-Z--fp-sS B-[n-Im-cn-IX-sb {]-amWoIcnpIbpw Cuizc\n hnizknpIbpw sN-pp. Cu B-kvXn-I Z--i-\--th-Z--fp-sS D-]mw-K--fm-Ipp. C-h \n-co-iz-ca-Xw ]-Tn-n-p-p F-v Nn-e hn-Zzm-m-]-d-bpp. A-Xv sXpw A-k-Xy-hp-am-Wv.

kn-, dn-m-Uv Km-s_ Xp-Sn-b a-X-au-en-Icm-b Nn-e ]m-m-Xy ]-fin-X-m-F-gp-Xn-qn-b {K--- hm-bn-v tZ-ho-{]-

km-Zv N-tXm-]m-ym-b Xp-S-n-b-h- Nn-eNnm-ssK-Up-I-sf-gp-Xn-bn-pv. `u-Xn-I-hm-Zn-Ifm-b sN-dp--m-v {]-in-Ww \-In a-kv-Xn-jv- {]-mf-\w \-S-p-hm- k-lm-bn-p- ]p-kv-X-I--fmW-h. A-h hm-

bnv Cy {]mtZinI`mjIfnepw mcXob Nn- F-sm-cp {K-w C-d-n--gn-n-cn-pp. aq-e-th-Z-- ]-Tn-p-Itbm A-w a-\-n-em-p-Itbm sN-bv-Xn-n-m-A-cw {K--I--m-- kw-kvIr-X `m-j-b-dn-bm- ]m-m-Xy-s A-`n-{]m-b--Ip-d-p-Iq-Sn cp-Nn-I-cam-b hn-[-n- km-[m-c-W-mc-s\ sX-n--cn-n-p-hm- D-XIn-b`mjbn- amn-adn-v F-gpXn-bn-pv. Xhnizknp {]Xybimkv{Xw akvXnjv{]mf\neqsS bphlrZbfn am{Xa- hr--m-cp-sS a-\-nepw ap-{Z-Ip-p-hm-

Acmv Ignnpv. tIcfn hfsc Gsd ]finXmcpmbncpnpwA-h-sbmpw Xn-cp--s-n-n- F--Xm-WvtJ-Z-Icw. {io. sI. Zm-tam-Zc-s `m-cXo-bNn--bn- Ku-X-a-t\-bpw, I-Wm-Z-t\-bpw, I-]net\bpw apw \ncoizcmcmn hcp Imn-bn-pv. "Cu-iz-cm-kntx'' F-sm-cpkq{Xw I-tm- Nn-e I]n-e \n-co-iz-c-\m-sW-v [-cnp. eu-In-I-m-v {]-Xy--n-eqsS Cu-izc-s k-sb sX-fn-bn-p-hm- I-gn-bp-I-bn- F-t I]n-e a-l-jn]dnpp. {]Xys AhXcnn k

--`-n-se H-cp kq-{X-am-Wn-Xv.I]nealjn \ncoizc\mbncppshpA-Sn-bpd-p hn-iz-kn-p--h-cm-Wtm C-s \ncoizchmZnI. \ncoizcm am{Xa Cu-iz-c-hn-izm-kn-Ifm-b ]-ecpw A-s\[-cn-p h--Xm-bn Im-Wpp. ta-ev-]-d- X-cw ]p-kv-X-I-- hm-bn-n-m-Wtm ]-ecpw`mcXob Zi\sfn a\nempXv.

picture

courtesy:www.martin-missfeldt.de

CybnseGsd Adnbs \ncoizc Nmm

I\mbncpp. A

tlw Cuizc\nepw aX

nepw hnizknncpn; {]Xyn am{XamWv hnizknncpXv. ISwhmnbmXncnv sImSpt. a

cnm icocw kvaamIpw. AXp

hopw hcn.'' Cs\bp \ncoizcs \nmcNnI AsP\XXn AwKoIcnn.

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[sa aXns An

hmcw CuizchnizmkamWv. a\pjy Xtm F{XtbmAXypXhpw AZrhpambHcp inbn hnizknpp.Cu hnizmkw a\pjykaqln AXniamb kzm[o\w sNeppp. Cu kzm[o\ns XWen a\pjyA\pjvTnp IamWv [w. AXmWv aXw.



17/64


I-]ne-s\ \m-kv-Xn-I-\m-p-Xv {_--lXym]m-]-amWv. ]-d-n-s-p ew? \n-co-iz-c-m- ]m-]-nepw ]p-Wy-nepw hn-iz-kn-p-n--sm. Xm- kn--m-cn- I-]n-e-ap-\n-bm-sW-v {io-Irjv-W `-K-hm t]mepw ]-d-bpp.

Cu P-Kn-\v kr-n-Im-hn-sv ]d-\ncoizc ]caaqVmcmsWv ]d {ioIrjv-W `-K-hm-\m-Wn-Xv ]-d--sX-tm--Ww. I-]n-e- \n-co-iz-c-\m-bn-cp-p-sh-n-Hcnepw Khm As\ ]dbnmbncpp.AYhm alm`mcXImc As\ FgpXn hbvpIbnmbncpp.

kmw-Jy-Im-c\m-b I]n-e a-l-jn X-skmw-Jy-Z--i-\-n- C-s\ ]-d-bpp. "kln k---hn-Xv k-- I--'' (B Cu-iz-c-X-s-bm-Wv k---\pw F-m-d-dn-t\bpwkr-n--Xpw) {_--sa- Cu-iz-c- A-zm-\n-

a-\p-jy-s k--ev-]a-, kr-nb-. A-s\ Nne hnZzmm km[mcWmsc ]dp]-Tn-n-n-pv. X--I-sf-t]m-se A-h- A-XvDcphnSpp. {_samsWpw, {_kzcq]-sa-m-sWpw a-\p-jy-\v {_--Z--i-\hpw{_--cq-]-hp-ap-m-Ip--sX-tm-gm-sWpwI]n-e a-l-jn ]-d-p-X-cp-p. "k-am-[n kp-jp]vXn tamtjp {_cq]Xv'' a\pjymflmhn-\v k-am[n, kp-jp-]vXn, tam-w F-o A-h--I-fn- {_--cq-]X ssI-h-cpp.

C-Xv ]-d- a-l-jn I-]n-e- Xn-I-AssZz-X-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cpp. ]-fin-X-m- A-

tl-s \n-co-iz-c-\mn. kmw-Jy-Z--i-\-n-se C-cw kq-{X-- I-m- C-y-m-I]nes\ Hcp Cuizchnizmknbmbn ImWpwFpXn\m Ah Nne AShpI ]bn.AXn-sem-m-WnXv. kmw-Jy-Z--i-\w 14mw \q-m-n-ep-m-b-Xm-sWpw A-Xn-se kq-{X--sfms {]n]vXfmsWpw AXyw hio-I-cn-p- Cw-o-jn- A-h-sc-gp-Xn-hp. ap-

t t]mb tKm--fp-sS ]n-t t]m-b ]-ip--sf-tm-se \-p-sS Nn-e ]-fin-X-mcpwA-h-cp-sS ]n-dtI-t]m-bn.

kmwJyZi\sn asmcp hnISXNn-e- ]d-p ]-c-n-bn-pv. Cuiz-c Ir-

jv-W- F-gpXn-b kmw-Jy-Im-cn-I-bm-Wv B-ZyapmbsXpw kmwJy{]hN\kq{Xw F kmw-Jy-Z-i-\w ]n-o-Sv D-m-b-Xm-sW-pam-Wv Ah-cpsS hn-X-fiX. kmw-Jy-Imcn-I kmwJyZi\ns hymJym\amWv. hymJym-\-sa-s\ aq-e-Ir-Xn-bmIpw? a-I-fm-WvAsb {]khnsX A`n{]mbw t]mseaq-V-amWv Cu \n-K-a-\-hpw.

kmwJyImcnI I]nes\gpXnb kmwJykq-{X-n-s hym-Jym-\-am-sW--Xn-\v kmw-Jy-Im-cn-I-bn-se B-Zy-s tm-Iw X-ssX-fn-hmWv. B tm-I-n-s-b-w C-

XmWv. B-flmhn-t\m-sSm-w aq-v hn-[-n-ep ZpxJ Aklyamb hn[n _-s-p In-S-pp. A-Xn-\m B {Xnhn-[Zpx-J--tfbpw Xo-pw \-in-n-p-hm- D-X-Ip-Xm-b kmw-Jy k--X-fm-b D-]m-b-- A-dn-bp-hm- a-\p-jy-\v kz-`mth-\ B-{K-l-apv. Cu Zpx-J-sf \-in-n-p-hm-eu-InI-fm-b D-]m-b--fp-v Fpw A-Xn-s\ ]m-gv-th-e-bm-sWp ]-d-bp-Xpw i-n-p-Xpw D-Nn-Xa-. Imc-Ww eu-In-I-

picture

cou

rtesy:academic.shu

\ymbw,sshti

jnIw, kmwJyw, tbmKw,aoamwk, thZmw FoBdv Zi\fpw Bkv

XnIfmWv. ImcWw Ch thZfpsS B

[nImcnIXsb {]amWoIcnpIbpwCuizc\nhnizknpIbpw sNpp.

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Cybnse Gsd Adnbs\ncoizc NmmI\mbncpp.A-tlw Cu-iz-c-\nepw a-X-nepw hnizknncpn; {]Xyn am{XamWv hnizknncp-Xv. Nm--mI-s ap-{Zm-hmIyw C-Xm-bn-cp-p. "ISwhmnbpw s\v IpSnpI. ISw hmnbm Xncnv sImSpt. acnm icocw kvaamIpw.AXp hopw hcn.'

""

'lncWy sk]vXw-_ 201017


18/64


fm-b D-]m-b--sf-sm-v A-\n-hm-cy-ambpw F-s-t-p-ambpw Zpx-J--fn- \n-v tamN-\w In-p-I-bn.

kmw-Jy-Im-cn-I-bn-se B-Zy-Imcn-I C-XmWv: Zpx-J-{X-bm-`n-Lm-Xm-n-km X-Z-]-LmX-sI tl-Xu Zr-t-kmf]m-mtN-ss\-Im-m-Xy-tXm-f m-hm-Xv kq-{X-- tmIcq]nemnbnp hymJym\ kwkvIrXn ImcnII FmWv ]d-bp-Xv. `--r-l-cn-bp-sS hm-Iy-]-Zo-bhpwhn-iz-\mY-s km-ln-Xy-Z---Whpw apw Im-

cnIIfmWv. Atm CuizcIrjvWs\gpXnb kmw-JyIm-cn-I I-]n-e-ap-\n-bp-sS kmw-Jy-kq{XfpsS tmIcq]nep hymJym\-fm-sW-v h-cp-p.

taepcn ImcnIkmwJyZi\nse

H-ma-s kq-{X-n-s hym-Jym-\-am-Wv H-ma-s kq{Xw C-XmWv: A-Y {Xhn-[ Zpx-Jm-Xy- \n-hr-nc-Xy--]p-cp-jm-x, C-\n aq-v hn-[-n-ep- Zpx-J--tfbpw ]m-tS\-in-n-p-hm-\p- A-Xy- ]p-cp-jm-w(tamw) F-m-sW-p- hn-Nn--\-amWv.A-Xmb-Xv Pohn-tXm-tiyw F-m-sW-p-N---bm-Wv.

B-ym-flnIw, B-[n-ù-XnIw, B-[nssZ-hn-Iw F-n-h-bm-Wv {Xnhn-[ Zpx-J-.B-[ymfln-I Zpx-Jw c-v hn-[-n-epv. im-co-cnIw, am-\-knIw. im-cocn-I Zpx-Jw F-v

]-d-bp-Xv tcm-K-am-Ipp. hmXw, ]nw, I-^w FnhbpsS AkpenXamb Ahbn- \n-mWv Cu Zpx-J-ap-m-Ip-Xv. a-\-n-\-\p-Iq-eam-b ]-Zm---sf \--s-Sp-tmgpw {]-XnIq-e ]-Zm---- h-p-tN-cp-tm-gp-ap- Zpx-J-am-Wv am-\kn-I ZpxJw. Nn-, hymIpeX, hy{KX Fnh am\knI ZpxJ--fmWv. Cu Zpx-J--v B-cn-I Zpx-J-- F-v ]-d-bp-p.

B-[n-ù-Xn-Ihpw B[n-ssZ-hn-I-hpam-bZpx-J-- _m-ly-Zpx-J--fmWv. {]m-Wn-I-fn- \n-p-m-Ip- Zpx-J--fm-Wv B-[n-ùXn-

picturecou

rtesy:httpseounity.com

thZm--Z-i-\w th-Z-n-seAna `mKnse Xzsbm-Wv hn-i-Zo-I-cn-p-Xv. A-

XmI-s {_--Pn-m-k-bp-am-Ipp. BZys Av Zi\ ]Tn tijta thZm Zi\w a\nemq. Asn]mmXy NnIsctmse Zi\ \ncoizcfpw ]ckv]-c hn-cp---fp-am-sW-v ]-d-p]cpw.

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19/64


I ZpxJw. `q-X-k-aq-lw F-v ]-d-m- {]m-Wn-k-aq-lw F-m-W-w. kmw-Jy-s Zr-n-bn- sN-Sn-I-fpw -hr--fpw `q-X-k-aq-l--fmWv. CSn, an-- Fnh sIm-p- Zpx-J-n-\v B[n-ssZ-hn-I-Zpx-Jw F-m-Wv ]-d-bp-Xv. C-h-bn- \n-p-ap tam-N-\ am---am-Wv kmw-Jy-Z--i-\-n-se {]Xn-]m-Zyw. Cu {]Xn-]mZyw th-Z--fn-se hn-j-b-am-Ip-p.

th-Z--fn-se hym-h-lmcn-I X-z--

tfbpw {]m-Xn-`mkn-I X-z--tfbpw ]m-c-am-nIXztfbpw {]Xn]mZnp imkv{X-- j-Uv-Z--i-\-, \ymbw, kmw-Jyw,ssh-ti-jnIw, tbmKw, ao-amw-k, th-Zm-w F-n-h-bm-Wv th-Z--fp-sS D-]mw-K-fm-b B-dvZi\.

\ym-b-Z--i-\-amWv Cu-iz-c-kn-n-bp-sS a-lm-b Xm--n-I-{Kw. A-Xn-se H-cpkq{Xw m-eo-]p-em-I-\ymtb-\ C-hn-sS sIm-Sp-pp. Cu-iz-cx Imc-Ww ]p-cp-j-I--m-^-ey-Z--i-\mXv (\ym-b-Z--i\w 4119) (a-\p-jy-

-ew In-m-\m-{K-ln-v {]-b-Xv-\n-npw C-n- ^-ew In-m-\n-. A-Xn-\m- ]p-cp-jm-w]cm[o\amsWv sXfnbpp. I^ew \Ip-I FXv Cu-iz-cm-[o-\-am-Ip-p.)

sshtijnIImc\mb IWmZaljn ]c-am-Wp--fm-Wv kr-n-bp-sS D-]m-Zm-\-Im-c-W-sa-v ]-d-bpp. A-Xn- \npw kr-n-bp-sS\n-an- ImcWw Cu-iz-c-\m-sW-v sX-fn-bp-p.

sshtijnIZi\nse Hmw kq{Xw:"AYmtXm [-w hym-Jym-kym-a'' (C-\n \mw[--s hym-Jym-\n-p-I-bmWv) \ym-bw ]-

Tn--ti-jw [-- hn-i-Ie-\w \--Ip-I-bm-Wv.

{io. sI.ZmtamZcs`mcXob Nnbn KuXat\bpw,IWmZt\bpw, I]net\bpw apw\ncoizcmcmn hcpImnbnpv.

"Cuizcmkntx'' F

smcpkq{Xw Itm NneI]ne \ncoizc\msWv [

cnp.

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Xm knmcn I]neap\nbmsWv {ioIrjvW `Khm t]mepw ]dbpp. CuPKn\v krnImhnsv ]d \ncoizc ]caaqVmcmsWv ]d {ioIrjv-W -K-hm-\m-Wn-Xv ]-d-sXtmWw.

""

'

Xncp-a-n-c-ns Im-hmb Xncp-aq-e

]p-cp-jm---, [--m-- Im-a-tamw.C-h-bn- B-Zy-tXm-b [-w ssh-tijn-I [amWv. Cu [ns ASnm\wCu-iz-c-\mWv. Cu [---am-Wv a-Xw.

btXm-f yp-Z-b \n-t{i-b-k knnx kx[-x'' F- I-Wm-Z-a-l--jn-bp-sS c-m-a-s kq{Xw t\m-p-I. bm-sXm-n-\nmtWm a\pjy\v A`ypZbhpw tamhpwIn-p-Xv A-Xm-Wv [-w ssh-tijn-I Z-i-\w Nptm ap-ftIm F--dn-bm--ht]mepw IWmZ \ncoizchmZnbnembncppF-v hm-Zn-pp. tbm-K-Z--i-\-Im-c\m-b ]-XRvPen aljn ]d-bpp:

"Cu-iz-c-{]-Wn-[m-\mZzm'' (tbm-K-Z--i\w, k-am-[n-]m-Zw kq{Xw 23)

Cuiz-c `n-sImpw k-am-[n ssI-h-

cpw. C-Xv {]-Ir-Xn-bn-se {]-Xn-`m-k-- I-v`-b-s- {]m-IrX-s `-ba-; `-nbm-Wv A-Xm-Wv ]-c-aam-b Cu-iz-c-kv-t\lw. C-Xv \n-c--cam-b km-[-\-bp-sS -e-am-Wv.

aoamwkm Zi\hpw Cuizchnizmkne-[n-jv-Tn-X-am-Wv. ao-amw-km-Z-i-\w ]-Tn- Nn-e ]-fin-X--am- \n-co-iz-c-m-cm-bn-cp-n-cn-mw. ]t Cu-iz-c-hn-izm-kn-Ifm-b ao-amw-kImcpw [mcmfapmbncpp. Ahctm{]m-am-Wn-I--am-. {]-am-Wn-I- ao-amw-k-sb-gpXnb ssP-an-\n a-l--jn-bmWv. ao-amw-km Z--i-\-n-se Bdmw -A-ym-b-n-se H-cp

kq{Xw D--cn-s. tem-tI I--m-Wn th-ZktXmf[n ]pcpjm\av thZnsetm-se X-s tem-I-nepw I---- sN--s-Spp. A-h-bn- \n-v A-[n ]p-cpj-sA-XmbXv Cu-izc-s m-\-ap-m-Ip-p.

(Xp-S-cpw)



20/64


21/64


C-Xn- \npw a-\p-jy-cp-sS P-m-h-Hcpt]mse A Fp a\nemhppv. Ah-cp-sS {]-Ir-Xn hn-`n--amWv. A-h--IfpwAXp-t]m-se-Xs. A-tm- D-b-cptNmZyw C-XmWvCu `n--X Fp-sIm-m-

Wv?Cu tNm-Zy-n-\v th-sd th-sd D--c--

fm-Wv \--I-s-n-cn-p-Xv. am-Xm-]n-Xm--fp-sS ho-n-se ]-cn-n-Xn `n--amb-Xp Imc-WwP--n- am-w h-cp-p-shv. CXpw i-cnb-, Imc-Ww am-Xm-]n-Xm--fp-sS ho-Sp-I-fn-se]cnnXn n namhm\pw ImcWw Dmth--Xm-W-tm.

Nn-e- ]-d-bpp. 'Fp-sImv' FtNmZyw hyamWv. Cuizc \namXmhmWv B-sc F-s\ \n--n--W-sa-v F-pXo-cp-am-\n-m-\p- A-[n-Im-cw Ah-\p am-{X-

amWv. tXmmc ]qtmn hnhn[ \nd-nepw h-en--n-ep-ap- ]q-- h-f--pp, A-Xm-Wv B D-Zym-\-n-s tim-`.sI-n-Sw D-m-p--h- Nn-e I-s-Sp-v sI-n-S-n-s ap--`m-Kpw a-p Nn-e-sX-Sp-v]n--`m-Kpw sh-pp. F-m Ipw H-tc-bnS-p X-s Iq-n-sh-m- sI-n-S-ap-m-hn-. A-tm-, Nne-sc cm-Pm-hm-p-Ibpw a-pNne-sc bmN-Icp-am-p-tm-tg tem-I-n-\vtim-` Iq-Sp-I-bpq CXmWv Ch-cpsS hmZw.Po-hn-I-fp-sS ]-c-kv-]-c-ap- A-k-am-\-X-bn-\n-v tem-I-n-\v bm-sXm-cp ku--cyhpw D-m-Ip-n-sv Cu hm-Z-m- Hm--p-n-.

DZym\]meI\v DZym\ns BhiyIXbpt]mse Cuizc\v Cu krnbpsSbpw Bhiyapsv ]dbpIbmsWn Dcns Nn-e Aw-i- i-cn-sb-v ]-d-bm-am-bn-cpp. ]-t kz-bw ]q--W\m-b Cu-izc-\vF-n-s B-h-iy-am-Wv D-Xv? G-sX-nep-samv Bhiyambn hcphs\ ]q Fp hn-fn-m- ]-n-. kp--cam-b h-kv-Xp-sf ImWmt\m X-s i-n Im-Wn-p sIm-Spmt\m A Cuizc krn \SpXv.A-Xv tIh-ew Po-hm-flm--fp-sS aw-K-f-n-\pth-n-bmWv. Po-hm-flm-- B-Zy-ta X-s

C-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n- Ah-sb kr-nv, A-hI-sf Zpx-J-n- B-gv-p-Xv hen-b A-\ym-bw X-s-bm-Wv.

PohmflmfpsS {]IrXn\pw ]cnnXnpw Imc-Ww H-p-In B B-flm-hm-WvA-s-n- Cu-izc-. aq-m-a-sXm-cp h-kv-Xp-hn-\v A-k-am-\-X-bp-m-m-\m-hn-. C-Xn-\v D--c-hmZn Cu-iz-c-\p-am-hn-. A--s\-sb-n- Cu-izcs\ A\ymbw {]hn-phFpw {Iqc Fpsamw hnfntnhcpw.Ip-w sN-m-h-s\ in-n-p-Xv A-\ym-bamWv. PohnIsf krnpIbpw AhbvvZpx-Jw \--Ip-Ibpw sN-p- k--bp-sS {Iq-c-X-sb-n F-p ]-d-bm? Cu temI-v P-

\n-p- ]-ecpw P-\m X-s I-p-Im-Wm--h-cmWv, Nn-e- a-v Zp-cn-X-- A-\p-`-hn-phcmWv. Cuizc\mWv Ahsbsbmskr-n-Xv, bm-sXm-cp Im-c-W-hp-an-m-sX A-h-bv-v Zpx-Jw \--Ip-Ibm-sW-n- Cu-iz-c- a-lm {Iq-c- X-s-bmWv. Nn-e- ]-d-bp-Xp ImWmw Cuizc\v Bp thWsanepwZpx-Jw sIm-Sp-m\pw tXm-n-b-h--v kp-JwsIm-Sp-m\pw A-[n-Im-c-ap-v F-v. ]-tA--c-m- Hm--m--sX-s-m- ta--

]-d- kz-`m-h-ap--h-sc-bm-Wv \mw A-\ym-bw {]hnph Fpw {Iqc Fpsam-s hn-fn-p-Xv. A-[n-Im-c-n-s A-kv-Xn-Xz-n\pw Nn-e Im-c-W-- D-m-bn-cn-p-a-tm. cm-Pm-hn-\v Nn-e A-[n-Im-c--fpv.Atlw inimenbmbXpsIm B A[nImcw adnv Xs {]PIfpsS tan\pwsFizcyn\pw thn hn\ntbmKnm\pXmWv B A[nImcw. {]PIsf krnpXv cm-Pmh-. {]-P-I-fn- H-cp-]m-Sv Ip-d-hp-I-fp-v B Ip-d-hp-I- H-cp k-aq-l-sa- \n-e-bnepw cm-{-sa- \n-e-bnepw ap-tm-p t]m-Ip-hm- X-S--hp-am-Wv. B Ip-d-hpI-sf ]-cn-

lcnpXn\mWv cmPmhn\v A[nImc..

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picturecourtesy:browse.deviantart.com



22/64


thn hcpXv. CXpt]mseXsbmWv Cuiz-c-sbpw nXn. Cu-iz-c- X-s X-sD]mk\bvv thnbmWv Pohs\ krnXv F-p ]-d-mepw A-Xv i-cnb-, Imc-Ww A-Xn tLm-cam-b kzm--X H-fn-n-cnppv.

C-Xn- \npw a-\-n-em-hp-Xv A-k-a-Xzns DchmZnw PohmflmpXsbmsWmWv. PohnI AkaXztmsS-bm-Wv P-\n-p--sX-n-, A-ka-Xz ]-cn-n-Xn-I- H-n-s\ a-sm-n- \npw th--

Xn-cn-p-p-s-n- H-cp Imcyw \-ap-v D-d-nmw, P\npXn\p ap]v Ah (B Bflm-) D-m-bn-cp-p A-h- sNbv-X I----fm-Wv A-k-a-Xz-n-\p- Im-c-W-am-bn-o--Xv F-v. C-Xn-s\-bm-Wv ]p-\-P-wF-p ]-d-bp--Xv.

]p-\--P-s F-Xn--p--h-D--bn-p- B-t-]-

1. Cu P--n-\p ap-]v H-cp Po-h-\p-m-bn-cp-s-n- Fp-sIm-v \-apXv Hm--a-bn?

Cu tNmZyw hen-b {]k-n C-m--XmWv ImcWw Hmabptm Ctbm FXns ASnm\ne GsXnepwhkvXphns/hnjbns AkvXnXzw\nWbnpXv. \ GgpaWnv Ddm InSpp, ApaWnv Fgpt-pp. A-tmg-s ]-p-a-Wn-q-ka-bw \-p-sS kv-ar-Xn-bn- A-ti-jw D-m-hp-n-. F-phv Hm---bn- C-m B ]-p a-Wn-q-dn-se \-p-sSAkvXnXzw \apv \ntj[nm\mhptam?HmabpmhpXpw CmXmhpXpw akv-Xn-jv--n-s I-gn-hn-s\ B-{i-bn-

mWv. C-Xn-\v A-kv-Xn-Xz-hp-am-bn kw-_-

an.

2. cm-a-Xp- ]-d-bp- B-t-]-an-XmWv. in- A-\p-`-hn-p-h-\v Xm- sNbv-X Ip-samWv F Hma t]mepanmtm Ah-\v \--Ip- in sIm-v F-

p {]-tbm-P-\-am-Wv D-Xv?]m]fn \nv tamNnX\mhm\p Ffp--am-Kw B ]m-]--sf-p-dnv Hm--an--e- a-dn-v A-Xv a-d--emWv. G-sXm-cp]m-]-n-s kv-ar-XnbmtWm A-h-ti-jn-p-Xv A-Xn-s kw-kv-m-cw B hy-nbn Dmhppv. C Ipn\mWv F-\n-v C- in- In-p-Xv F-Hm-a B ]m-]-n-s kw-kv-m-cw \n-e-\n--pp. ]m-]-n-s kw-kv-m-cw ]-cn]qWambpw AIeWsan AXns`m-hw t]mepw \-psS Hm--a-bn- A-h-

ti-jn--cpXv. I-gn- P---sf-p-dnvHmabpmhpIbmsWn Ignpt]mb-h \--fn- H-cp kw-kv-m-c-am-bn A-h-ti-jn-p-Ibpw \mw D-Xn ssI-h-cn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sN-pw.

3. aq-ma-s B-t-]w C-XmWv, A-]-cm-[w {]hnhs\bmWv ZfintXv.D-Zm-l-c-W-n-\v 'A' F- B-flm-hv B-Zy-P--n tkm-l- F- {_m--W-\m-bn-cpp. A-t-lw Nn-e A-]-cm-[--sN-bvXp. Cu P--n- A-t-lw kp-ioe F kzWnmc\mbn. sX

v sN-bvX-Xv tkm-l- F- {_m--W-\mWv. Z-fiw A-\p-`-hn-p-Xv kp-io-e- F- kz----Wn-m-c-\pw. sN-m-H-cmfpw A-\p-`-hn-m- th-sdm-cmfpw F-sm-c-\ymbw.

picturecourtesy:mercurialgirl.com

ivaim\w

cmPmhn\v Nne A[nImcfpv. Atlw inimenbmbXpsIm BA[nImcw adnv Xs {]PIfpsS t

an\pw sFizcyn\pwthn hn\ntbmKnm\pXmWv BA[nImcw.

""

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PohnIsf krnpIbpw Ahbvv ZpxJw \IpIbpw sNp kbpsS {IqcXsbn

Fp ]dbm? Cu temIvP\np ]ecpw P\m XsIpImWmhcmWv, Nne av ZpcnX A\p`hnphcmWv. Cuizc\mWv Ahsbsbms krnXv, bmsXmcp ImcWhpanmsX Ahbvv ZpxJw\IpIbmsWn Cuizcalm {Iqc XsbmWv.

""

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23/64


Cu hm-Z-m-v B-flmhpw i-co-chpw X-n-ep- _-w F-m-Wv F--dn-bn-. C-hn-sS ]-d- c-p t]tkm-l- {_m--W-sbpw kp-io-e- X-m-sbpw B-flm-hv H-m-bn-cpp, i-co-c-amI-s th-sd

th-sd-bpw. ]-t i-co-c-a- I--m-hv A-sXm-cp am-[y-aw am-{X-amWv, D-]-Ic-Ww am-{X-amWv. A-]-cm-[-n-s D-]-I-c-Whpw Z-fi-\-n-\p- D-]-I-c-Whpw Htc-t]m-seB-bn-cn-n-. Rm- B-sc-sb-nepw hm-fp sIm-p sh-n-sm-m- F-\n-v Xq-p I-b- In- pw. A-Xmb-Xv A-]-cm-[w sN-m- D-]-tbm-Kn-Xv hmfpw Z-fin-m-D-]-tbm-Kn-Xv Xq-p-I-b-dpw. B-flm-hv H-p-X-s-bm-Wv F-Xp-sIm-v F-{X i-co-cw am-dn-bmepw hy-n am-dp-n-. -Kh-ZvKo-X-bn- ]-d-bp-p.

hm-kmw-kn Po--Wm-\n b-Ym hn-lm-b, \-hm-\n Kr-lv-Wm-\n \tcm-f]-cmWn

X-Ym i-co-cm-Wn hnlm-b Po--Wm-\y-\ym-\n kw-bm-Xn \-hm-\n tZln (232)

]-g-b h-kv-{X-- am-n ]p-Xn-b-sX-Sp-p-Xp-t]m-se \mw ]-g-b i-coc-s hn-v]p-Xn-b-Xn-s\ kzo-I-cn-pp.1 Rm-s\m-cptIm-np-sIm-v tamj-Ww \-Sn. F-st]-cv 'tIm-p-hmem' Fpw \-In. F-m- F-\n-p- in-bpw Rm tIm-np-sIm-v A-\p-`-hn-t-W-tam. B-flm-hv am-dptm am{XamWv hynI amdpXv.

Bflmhns D]IcW amdpXpsImv Hpw kw-`-hn-p-n.

4. ap]v IgpXbpw IpXncbpw Bbncp Rm A-Sp- P--n- ]-nbpw \m-bbp-sams BbnocpsapXv Fs hm

kvXhnIamb A`nam\w kzoIcnpIbpan-, Aw-Ko-I-cn-p-I-bp-an.

Cu B-t-]w bp-n-lo-\-amWv. H-cpIme-v \mw A-Xy-w Zp--_-ecpw B-cp-tSbpw k-lm-b-an-s-n- In-S-p--bnS-p X-s a-e-aq-{X hn-k-P-\w sN-pam-bn-cpp. h-cm-\n-cn-p hm---Iy-nepw \ AXyw Zp_ecpw, Imgv-N-i-n-bn-m--h-\pw, tI--hn C-m-h\pamhpsa kXyw AwKoIcnm \-ap-v hn-j-a-amWv. ]-n-bmhpw ]-n-

bmhpw Fsms Fn\p hnizknpp Fv Nne tNmZnmdpv. CXv hnizm-k-nttbm A-hn-izm-k-nttbm {]iv\a. \ B{KlnXv sImv F-p t\w. ]m-]w sN-Ww in-sbmcpXv Xm\pw CXt ]ecpw B{Kln-pXv. F-m- AXv ]q-oIcn--sSp-tam. sXm-b B-flm-`n-am-\wsIm-v {]-tXy-In-v Kp-W-sam-p-an-.ssInepXv sXmb IaamsWn]nbpw I-gp-Xbp-sam-s B-bn-ocp-I X-s th-n-h-cpw, A-Xv hn-iz-kn-mepw C-s-n-epw.

5. a-p Nn-e- hn-iz-kn-p-Xv C--s\-bm-Wv ]p-\--P--apv. A-Xv I-gn- P--nepw \--Xm-bn-cnpw A-Sp-Xv F-mWv. A-Xmb-Xv I-gp-X-bv-v a-\p-jy-\mhmw a-\p-jy- I-gp-X-bm-bn ]n-d-n-Fv, Imc-Ww kr-n \nb-aw D--Xn-vthnbmWv Ah\Xnbv.

I-aw sN-m- Po-hn-I-v kzm-X-{y-apv. Fp sNpp AXn\\pkcnpX-sbm-Wv -ehpw. D-Xnbpw ap Nn-e-tm- Xm-gv-N-bp-am-Wv. Nn-e-tm- cm-

Pm-hv a-p Nn-e-tm- bm-N-I.

ih-kw-kvmcw

HmabpmhpXpw CmXmhp

Xpw akvXnjvnsIgnhns\ B{ibnmWv.CXn\v AkvXnXzhpambnkw_an.

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PohnI AkaXztmsSbmWv P\npsXn, AkaXz]cnnXnI Hns\ asmn \npw thXncnppsn Hcp Imcyw \apv Ddnmw, P\npXn\p ap]v Ah (B Bflm) Dmbncpp Ah sNbvX IfmWv AkaXzn\p ImcWambnoXv Fv. CXns\bmWv ]p\Pw Fp ]dbpXv.

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picturecourtesy:upload.wikimedia.org



24/64


k-y-bm-bn tZ-l ip-nh-cp-n ip-{`-h-kv{Xw [-cn-v `-kv-a-[mcWw Hmw \-ax-n-hm-b......

lr-Z -b-n- a-lm-tZh-s cq-]w sX-fn-php. N-{-e, P-U, Kw-Km-{]-hmlw F-mw.

Kp-cp-h-\w k-ZvKptcm Rm- A-sb \-a-kv--cn-pp. tKm--pw {_m--W-pw kp-Jw `-hn--s.

Km-b{Xo a{w sNmn. k-n-Zm-\- kz-cq-]\m-b Cu-izcm, A--bp-sS B ` tX-Pv R--fn- \n-d-tb-Wta, A-Xv R--fp-sS _p-n-sb {]-tNm-Zn-n-t-W-ta.

B-Na-\w:tl Cu-izcm Cu Zn-hyam-bP-ew R--v A-`o- kn-n-bp-m-s.

k--hpw aw-K-f-am-bn `-hn-t-Wta. A-hn-Sp-s ImcpWymepw A\p{Klmepw R-v \m-ep `mK-p \npw kp-J-hr-n-bp-m-th-W-ta.

Aw-K-kv-]-iw: tl `-Kh-, F-s hm-v a-[p-c-X-c-am-bn `-hn-t-Wta. A--bp-sSa-ln-a-I- hm-gv-m- F-\n-v km-[n-p-am-dm-tI-Wta. F-s {]m-W\v A-sb {]m-]n-p--Xn-\p- i-n \--tI-Wta. A-hn-Sp-s a-ln-a-I- Z--in-p-hm- F-s I-p-I-v km-[n-p-am-dm-tI-Wta. A-hn-Sp-sZn-hyam-b kz-cw tIm Fs I-v in \tI-W-ta. F-s DZ-cw ]-cnipamtWta. Fs lrZbamIp Xmacqhn Av Fgpsnbncpmepw. Fs IWvTw ipnbpXmn XotWta.F-s in-cn-s\ Ahn-Sps ]mZ\akv-mc-n-\v tbm-Ky-am-n-o--t-Wta. F-sssIIv Av Cnp I sN

m-\p- {]m-]v-Xn \--tI-Wta. Zp-jv-I---

Dn-r-jvW ]n.-]n.

kymh\wHcp A\p`qXn

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]almbfn {]Yahpw{][m-\-hp-amWv {_lv-a-bwF kym-h--\w. `K-hm{ioIrjvW t]mepw apSmsX

sNbvXncp kymh\w, tIhesamcp {Inbb, A\p`qXnbmWv.kymh\s A\p`qXnbpsSXen \nv AhXcnnpIbmWv teJI.

picturecourtesy:i105.p

hotobucket.com



25/64


- sN-p--Xn- \n-v F-s ssII-sfA-v X-S-tbWta.

amP\w: Cuizcm Av {]mWcq]n k-I-e Po-hn-I-fnepw IpSn-sIm-pp. F-m-n-s\bpw ]hn-{Xam-n sN-p Av F-s incn ipn hcptWta. Av ZpxJ \m-i-I-\m-Wtm F-s I-pI-sf A-sb Z--in-p--Xn\v {]m-]v-X-amhpw hn-[w ]-hn{Xamnbmepw. kpJkzcq]\mb Av Fs I-Wv-T-n- ip-n-h-cp-n A-sb hm-gv-n kv-Xp-Xn-p--Xn\v k--am-n-bm-epw.A-v k-I-e {]m-Wn-I-fp-sSbpw lr-Z-b-n- IpSn-sIm-pp. F-m-nepw a-l-m-b-Xm-Wtm A-hn-Sp-s i-n-hn-tijw. A-s\bp Cuizcm amen\y AIn Fs lrZ-bw ip--am-n sN-bv-Xm-epw. A--bp-sS D-Z-c-n-em-Wtm Cu {_-m-WvUw

ap-gp-h- n-Xn sN-p-Xv A-s\-bpA-hn-Sp-v F-s DZ-cw ip--am-n P-T-cm-n-sb t]m-jn-n-m-epw.

Ahn-Sps kz-cq-]w A]m-]hn--amWv.F-s ]m-Z-- ip-am-b am-K-n- ]Xn-pXn\v Av A\p{KlntWta. kXykz-cq]m, A-v F-s _p-nbpw a-\pw ]-hn{Xamn sNtWta. hym]\Xzn Av B-Im-i-s-tm-se-bm-Wv A-hn-Sp-v k---{X- hym-]n-n-cn-pp. NnZmIm-i-nepwlr-Z-bm-Im-i-nepw A-v Hcp-t]m-se hym-]n-n-v {]-Im-in-p-p. k--hpw A-v ]-cn-

ip--am-n-bm-epw.

{]mWmbmaw: At[mtemInep a\n-s\ ]-Sn-]-Sn-bm-bn ta-tem-v D-b-n D-]cn-temIntev Fnp. aqem[mc N{In a-\-n-s\ tI-{o-I-cn-p. Xp-S-v izm-k-tm-sSm-w sa-s D-b-cp--Xm-bn k--ev-]n-v kzm-[n-jvTm-\ N-{I-nepw A-hn-sS \n-vaWn]qcI N{Inepw Fnp. ]noSv A\m-l-X-N{Iw a\-v ta-tem-v D-b-cp-tmdpwD-W-hpw D-t-jhpw Iq-Sn hp. A-\m-lXw,Bm, hn-ip-n F-o N-{I-n-eq-sS ta-tem-v D-b-v k-l-{km-c-n- Fn. kp-h-{]Imicq]n AhnsS Cuizcs\ k-ev-]n-p.

A-L-a--jWw: E-Xw N kXyw N.........C-m-Wp- P-K-n-s\ ap-gp-h- kr-n- ]-c-ta-iz-cm kr-n-bp-sS B-cw-`-n\v ap-v Cu{]-Ir-Xn Kp-Wkm-aym-h- Imc-Ww A--bn- e-bn-p In-Sp. A--bp-sS EXw, kXywF-o Kp-W-hnti-j Imc-Ww A-v kr-n-m-bn C-np. I-cp-Wm-a-b\m-b A-v Po-h-amcpsS t`mKn\mbnsmmWtm krn \SpXv. Av {]Ir-Xoiz-cn-sb H-pISmnp. B ISmw {]IrXnbn hntm`w D-m-n A-Xv Kp-W-km-aym-h-pw am-w h-cpn. A-Xv tXP-v kr-np. B tX-P-n- \n-v kr-n-p ap-p- a-lmImcw D-mbn. A--Im-c-n- \n-v Imc-W P-ew D-m-bn k--{X P-e-abw. B-Im-

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t^mtm

:kp\n



26/64


27/64


a-\-km-]-cn-{Ia-Ww I-gnp. i-co-chpwa-\pw ip--am-bn. lr-Z-b-n- B\-w \n-d-sm-gp-Ip- H-cp Aar-XIpw-`w sh-Xp-t]mse. A-Xn- \n-v B\-w \n-dsmgp-Ip-p. H-cp \n-an-jwH-cp sNdp {]-Im-i-]p-Rv-Pw lr-Z-b-a-[y-n- Zr-iy-am-bn. A-Xv h-f-cp-I-bm-Wv, lrZ-bw ap-gp-h- A-Xp hym-]n-p,

i-co-cw tcm-am-w ]qp. I-Wv-Tw K-Zv-K-X-am-bn. Zn-hyam-b {]Im-iw AXv lr-Z-b-n-\v ]pdpw hym]npIbmWv. icocw apgph {]Im-i-n- \n-dp. A- i-co-c-an- C-tm- {]-Im-iw am-{XwI-p-\o- [m-c-[m-c-bm-bnHgpInB {]Imiw ]pdtv hym]npp.A-Xv A--co--n- \nd-v `q-an ap-gp-h- {]-Im-ia-bw lrZ-bw, i-co-cw, `qan, A--co-w, Zyp-tem-Iw k--{X {]-Im-i-amWv.{]Im-ik-ap{Zw A-Xn- H-gp-In \-S-pp. H-cp A-q-- Xm-Sn t]m-se ]mdn--fn-p-p.i-co-c-n-\v m-c-an- k-tizcm Fm kw-

`-hn-p-Xv lm, lm ChnsS -e-an-, Im-e-an-, a-\pw _p-nbpan. -e-nepwP-e-nepw ]-X-a-kvX-I-nepw {]-Im-iwam{Xw F-{X ka-bw t]m-bn F--dn-bn-. H-cpIp-fn--Im-v X-gp-In--Sp-t]mtbm AtXm H-cp sNdp]nbpsS IfIqP\w I]pSn h--epthm a-\v i-co-c-n-te-v sa-s XncnphcnIbmWv _mlyt_m[w sasIn-n F-m-Wv kw-`-hn-Xv lr-Z-b-n- \n-v B {]Im-i]p-Rv-Pw am-bp-n. Cu-iz-cmA-hn-Sp-s ap-n- F-mw- k-a--n-p-p.

a-lm{]t`m R-- A--Imc-sssI-hn-n-cn-pp. A-hn-Sp-s Zn-hy tPym-Xnns\ {]m]nncnpp. AhnSps alna k---n\pw D-]-cn-bm-bn h--n-pp.A--bp-sS {]-Im-i-m-em-Wv k--hpw {]-Im-in-p--Xv.

B {]Im-iw Ip-sIm-v R-- \q-dv kw-h-cw Po-hn-s. \q-dv ic-XvIm-ewAbpsS alnaI hmgvm RvI-gn-bp-am-dmI-s k-I-eXpw A-hn-Sp-s Xn-cpapn kanpp.

Cu hnZy Rp]tZinp X kZv-Kp-cp-hn-\v i-X-tIm-Sn \-a-kv-mcw. P-m--c ]p-Wy-a-m-sX a-s-m-Wv R-sf B-Nm-cy-s ap-n-se-n--Xv? Cu-izc-s A\p{Klw A-m-sX a-s-mWv Cu hn-Zy I-c-K-X-amhm Rsf klmbnXv? AsslXpIIr-]m kn-phm-b B-Nm-cy-s Ir-]m-I-Sm-

w Cmbncppshn CXv A{]m]yamhpI X-s sN-p-am-bn-cpp. A--s\-bp-B-N-m-cy-\v hopw \-a-kv-mcw, Kp-cp ]-c--c-bv-v \-a-kv-mcw. B-Nm-cy Ip-ew k-sF-iz-cy-tm-Sp Iq-Sn F-s-pw \n-e-\n---s.

Zo--L Z-fi \-a-kv-m-cw \n--e-tm

Kp-cp k-n[u, i-co-c-a-w{]m-Ww N

{io Kp-cp-t`ym \n-th-Z-tb-Xv

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1. k-Xy- ]-Wn- : 15002. Fv. cm-aN-{ ss] : 13503. A-\o-jv Ip-am- : 10004. iymw-\mYv. ]n.Fw. : 10005. A\ngIpamcn : 10006. tZ-h-In-b- : 5007. I-\-I-cm-P- : 4508. hnPbevan hnt\mZvIpam : 4509. {io-em-kv sI.sI. : 45010. [t\jv : 450

11. a-RvPn-a _n-Pp-\m-Yv : 45012. kp-tc-jv Ip-am- : 45013. ca-Wn So-- : 45014. A\nIpam : 45015. A-kp. hn. : 45016. Fw.F-. cm-a-N-{- : 45017. a-t\m-Pv hn.sI. : 45018. H. cm-tP-jv : 45019. cq-t]-jv Ip-am-. Sn.]n. : 45020. _m-e-ao-\m-n : 250

21. _n-p kp-tc-jv : 250

thZ{]NcWn\v kw`mh\ \Inbh

alm{]t`m R AImcs ssIhnncnpp. AhnSps Znhy tPymXnns\ {]m]nncnpp. AhnSps alna kn\pw D]cnbmbn hnpp. AbpsS {]ImimemWv khpw {]IminpXv. B {]Imiw IpsImv R

\qdv kwhcw Pohns. \qdv icXvImew AbpsS alnaI hmgvmRv IgnbpamdmIs kIeXpw AhnSps Xncpapn kanpp.

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28/64


BNmcy XrmZfn {]Wmaw AnpsIm-v,

Rm {io\nhmk. aepdw Pnbn,]-c--\-m-Sn ]-m-b-n-, sN-n-Sn F-e-v \n-m-Wv Rm- h-cp-Xv. Rm-

Hu-tZymKn-I Po-hn-Xw Xp-S-nb-Xv s-t\m-{Km^-dmbn-mWv. sk--{S- A-Kv-am-v em-t_m-d-dn an-\n-dn Hm-^v A-{Kn---, K-h--sa v Hm-^v Cy, \m-Kv-]q-, C-Xm-WvRm tPm-en sN-bv-Xn-cp- Hm-^okpw -e-hpw.

K-h--sa- v sa-Un- tIm-tf-Pv tlm-kv-]n-, \m-Kv-]q- A-hn-sS {]m-o-kv sN-bv-Xv A-hn-sS X-s m-^v \-gv-kv B-bn tPm-en sN-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p F-s `mcy. t]-cv cm-[. t^m-dn- A-ssk--sa- v sk-, an-\n-kvdn Hm-^v F-Iv-t-W- A-^-b-kv, ap-Jm-

ncw t\mv B{^nbnep en_nb F cmPyv t]mIm Fs mcyv Hchk

cw e-`np. a-lm-cm-{ K-h- -sa- v k--o-kvcm-Pn sh-v A-h- en-_n-b-bv-v t]mbn. ]n-m-se tI-{ K-h--sa- v tPm-en cm-Pn sh-v Rm\pw en_nbbvv t]mbn. saUntd\nb- k-ap-{Z Xo-c-p- s_w-Km-gn F- ]--Wnembncpp RfpsS tPmenbpw Xmakhpw.

en-_n-b-bn- F-s `m-cy tPm-en sN-bv-XncpXv 'apkvX^ AXv m' - emWv (CuA-d-_n-Iv hm-n-s A-w Ip-n-I-fp-sStlm-kv-]n-- F-mWv) a-p- Ad-_v cm-{-sf A-t]-n-v en-_n-b-bn- kv-{Xo-I- kp-c-n-X-cmWv. H--bv-v A-h-v F-hn-sSbpw k--cn-mw. Bcpw ieyw sN-n-.1969 tI-W- K-Zm-^n an-en-dn A-n-a-dn-bn-eq-sS A-[n-Im-cw ]n-Sn-s-Sp--Xn-\v ti-jwA-hn-sS ]m-f \n-b-a-amWv. en-_n-b- Ad-_v dn--n-v F-m-Wv Cw-o-jn- en-_n-b- t]cv. F-m- A-d-_n-bn- 'P-am-ln-cn-b'F-m-Wv A-h- kz-bw A-dn-bm- C--s-Sp-

Xv. Cw-o-jn- P-am-ln-cn-b-bp-sS A-w

A\p-`hw

{io-\n-hmk-, mcy cm[

thZw ImWmsX{io\nhmk acncpXv!!

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Documents

Hiranya Sept