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Optical Transport Network &Optical Transport Module

"Digital Wrapper"

Maarten VissersConsulting Member of Technical Staff

Lucent Technologies

email: [email protected]

April 2002

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Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection Monitoring

OTM Signals

Maintenance Signals

Mapping Client Signals

Multiplexing

Virtual Concatenation

OTN Standards

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Contents

OTN Rationale OTN Layer Networks

Multi level ConnectionMonitoring

OTM Signals Maintenance Signals


Multiplexing


OTN Standards

OTN Characteristics Transitional Approaches

Final Phase

O/E/O processing

objectives Digital processing

objectives

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OTN Characteristics

New transport networking layer (carrier grade solution) Next step (after SDH/SONET) to support ever growing data

driven needs for bandwidth and emergence of new broadbandservices

Terrabit/second per fiber via DWDM lines (transport level)

Gigabit/second paths at 2.5 Gb/s, 10 Gb/s, 40 Gb/s(networking level)

Service transparency for SDH/SONET, ETHERNET, ATM, IP,MPLS

No change of SDH/SONET!

One exception; interpretation of STM-LOF alarm + STM-AIS due to OTN fail

Enhanced OAM & networking functionality for all services

Shortest physical layer stack for data services (IP OTN Fiber)

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OTN Characteristics

Gigabit level bandwidth granularity required to scale andmanage multi-Terabit networks

Wavelength level switching maximizes nodal switching capacity,the gating factor for reconfigurable network capacity

Avoids very large numbers of fine granularity pipes that stress

network planning, administration, survivability, and management

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Transitional Approaches - Assessment

Extended SDH(attempt at creating a new layer using SDHelements)

Bandwidth multiplication by means of TDM more Gigabit/s onfiber (4x)

Proprietary approaches attempting to carry lower rate STM-N[including all overhead]as a service within a higher rate STM-M(M>N)

strongly limited: SDH multiplexing hierarchy not designed to carrythe STM-N (i.e. itself) as a service

No timing transparency

90% of STM-N/OC-N overhead bytes not passed through

No STM-N/OC-N independent monitoring

Multiple proprietary implementations created in industry

no interworking

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Transitional Approaches - Assessment

Pre-OTN WDM(simple transport - vs. networking - solution) Bandwidth multiplication by means of WDM Terabit/s on fiber

(100x)

Client signal (e.g. STM-N, GbE) direct on wavelength

simple transport, no monitoring

or client specific non-intrusive monitoring

per client type a monitor is needed

additional client type implies additional monitor to beadded

alarm suppression signal (e.g. AIS) specific per client type

additional client type implies additional alarm suppressionsignal to be added

Point-to-point application that can transport STM-N/OC-N as aservice

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Final Phase

OTN (networking solution) Management enablerof WDM network by means of addition of:

Overhead to "" and "multi-" signals

"non-associated" or "out-of-channel" overhead; e.g.preventing alarm storms

Optical Channel (OCh) layer STM-N, IP, ATM and Ethernet signals mapped

("wrapped") into OCh frame (OCh Data Unit (ODUk))

First transmission technology in which each stakeholder gets itsown (ODUk) connection monitoring

In addition ODUksupports/provides: STM-N independent monitoring, becoming a service signal "itself",

shortest physical layer stack for data services, TDM muxing, STM-N inverse multiplexing, client independent protection switching,plesiochronous timing (no sync network required)

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O/E/O Objectives

Minimise O/E/O processing in OTN O/E/O processing at edges of administrative/vendor

(sub)domains

Span engineering

O/E/O processing at edges of protected or switched domain

Span engineering (short/long route effects) Signal Fail & Signal Degrade condition determination

If more than 1 optical transparent subnetwork is included

O/E/O processing at intermediate points

Span engineering (long line sections)

Losses in optical fabrics

O/E & E/O processing around electrical fabric

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Digital Processing Objectives

Digital processing at locations where O/E/O is alreadyperformed

Fault and degradation detection

Service Level Agreement (SLA) verification

Signal Fail & Signal Degrade condition determination forprotection and restoration (e.g. if high accuracy is required)

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Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks




Multiplexing


OTN Standards

Layer Networks

Client Signals

Optical Channel Structure

Containment Relationships

Example of Layer NetworkTrails

OTN Interfaces

Standardised and"Proprietary" Stacks

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OTN Layer Networks & Client Signals

Three new layernetworks:

one "Gbit/s" pathlayer

OCh

two section

layers OMSn

OTSn

single channelsection layer:

OPS0

Client signals:

IP/MPLS

ATM

Ethernet

STM-N

Optical Multiplex Section (OMSn)

layer network

Optical Transmission Section (OTSn)

layer network

Optical Transport Module of order n

(OTM-n, n1)

IP/MPLS ATM ETHERNET STM-N

OTM

Physical

Section

(OPSn)

OTM-0

OTM-nr, n>1

STM-N GbE

Interworking

with pre-OTN

Optical Channel (OCh)

layer network

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Optical Channel Structure

Optical Channel layernetwork consists of 3+1structures:

Digital:

OCh Data Unit(ODUk)

OCh Payload Unit(OPUk, k=1,2,3)

OCh TransportUnit (OTUk,OTUkV)

Analogue: OCh

Optical Channel Data Unit (ODUk)

OPUm (m>k)

ODUm (m>k)

ODUkCF

TDM

Multiplexing (TDM)

ODUkmultiplexing

ODUk virtualconcatenation

CF: Connection Function

Optical Channel Transport Unit

(OTUk, OTUkV)

Optical Channel (OCh)OCh CF

STM

-N

GbE

IP ATM ETHERNET STM-N

Optical Channel Payload Unit

(OPUk)

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Optical Transport Module

OTUk Optical Channel (OCh)

Optical Channel Carrier (OCC)OCC OCC OCC

Client

ODUk FECOH OCh Transport Unit (OTUk)

OPUkOH OCh Data Unit (ODUk)

ClientOH OCh Payload Unit (OPUk)

Wrapper

Associated

overhead

OTN Containment Relationships

OPS0

Optical Physical Section

OTM Overhead Signal

Optical Supervisory ChannelOSC

OOS

OSC

OH

OH

OH

Non-associatedoverhead

Optical Multiplex Section

Optical Transmission Section

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OTN Layer Network Trails

Example of OTSn, OMSn, OCh, OTUk, ODUk, OPS0 trails Transport of STM-N signal via OTM-0, OTM-n and STM-N lines

DXC3R

3R

3R

OTSn OTSn OTSn OTSn OTSn

OMSn OMSn OMSn

STM-N

ODUk

Client

Client

3R

DXC

OPS0 OSn

OTM-0

OTM-n

STM-N

ODXC

OCADMLT R R LT

LT Line Terminal w/ optical channel multiplexingOCADM Optical Channel Add/Drop Multiplexer

ODXC ODU Cross-Connect

3R O/E/O w/ Reamplification, Reshaping & Retiming and monitoring

R Repeater

OCh, OTUk OCh, OTUkOCh, OTUk

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OMSn

OTSn

OTM-n.mFull

functionality

OCh

OTUkV OTUkV

used within OTN transparent

subnetworks; implementations

are very much technology dependent

OTUk

ODUk

Clients (e.g. STM-N, ATM, IP, Ethernet)

OPUk

ODUkP

ODUkT

OPSn

OTM-0.m

OTM-nr.mReduced

functionality

OChr

OC

h

substru

cture

OTUk

used between (and within) OTN

transparent subnetworks

Standardised & "Proprietary" stacks

Proprietary elements:

OTM-n.m

optical parameters

number ofwavelengths

bit rates ofwavelengths

supervisorychannel

OTUkV

FEC frame format

ODUk mapping

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Multi-level Connection Monitoring:Nesting

A1 B1 C1 C2 B2 B3 B4 A2

A1 - A2

B1 - B2

C1 - C2

B3 - B4

TCM1 TCM1

TCM2

TCM1

TCM2

TCM3

TCM1

TCM2

TCM1 TCM1

TCM2

TCM1

TCM2

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCMi TCM OH field not in use TCMi TCM OH field in use

TCM2

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM2

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

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Multi-level Connection Monitoring:Nesting and Overlapping

A1 B1 C1 C2B2 A2

A1 - A2

B1 - B2

C1 - C2

TCM1 TCM1

TCM2

TCM1

TCM2

TCM3

TCM1

TCM2

TCM1

TCMi TCM OH field not in use TCMi TCM OH field in use

TCM2

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM2

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM3

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

TCM4

TCM5

TCM6

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Contents





Multiplexing


OTN Standards

OTM Interface Signals

OTM-16r.m

OTM-0.m

OTM-n.m

OTM Signals versus OTN I/F OTM Overhead Signal

Frame Formats

OTUk, ODUk

Overhead

OTUk, ODUk

OTUkV

Overhead versus OTN I/F

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OTM-16r.m Signal (m=1,2,3,12,23,123)

Up to 16 wavelengths carrying traffic, with fixed 200 GHz gridindependent of bit rate (2G5, 10G, 40G)

Optical parameters according to ITU-T Recommendation G.959.1

Bit rate and format of the associated overhead according to ITU-TRecommendation G.709

No Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC)

non-associated overhead not required; i.e. 3R points at each end, norepeaters

OTM-16r.m

1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment,

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080

OTUkFEC(4x256bytes)

1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment,

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080

OTUkFEC(4x256bytes)

1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment,

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPU

k

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080

OTUkFEC(4x256bytes)

1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment,

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080

OTUkFEC(4x256bytes)

1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overh

ead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080

OTUkFEC

(4x256bytes)

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OTM-n.m Signal (m=1,2,3,12,23,123)

Up to "n" wavelengths carrying traffic, with a grid dependent on

bit rate 1 "out-of-band" Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) transporting

the OTM Overhead Signal (OOS)

OTM Overhead Signal transports OTS, OMS, OCh (non-associated) overhead and General management communications

OTM-n.m

OTM Overhead Signal (OOS)

n

OSC

1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment,

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080

OTUkFEC(4x 256bytes)

1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment,

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080


1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment,

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080


1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment,

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080


1

2

3

4

1 16 17 3824

Fram

eAlig

nment

OTUk,

ODUk

&OPUk

Overhead Payload

(4x3808bytes)

3825 4080


3

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OTM Signals versus OTN Interfaces

OTM-n.m OTM-16r.m OTM-0.m

UNI - X

(Note 1,2)

X

(Note 1,2)

IrDI - X

(Note 1,3)

X

(Note 1,3)

IrVI - X

(Note 1,4)

X

(Note 1,4)

NNI

IaDI

IaVI X X X

Note 1 - These interfaces require an OTUk to be present.

Note 2 - A restricted set of ODUk overhead is transparently transported through the network. This is

subject of regulations.

Note 3 - A restricted set of ODUk overhead is transparently transported through the network(s) ofthe downstream operator(s). This is subject of regulations.

Note 4 - A restricted set of ODUk overhead is transparently transported through the downstream

subnetwork(s) with equipment of (an)other vendor(s).

Note 5 - Other OTM interfaces may be added in future versions of G.709.

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OTM Overhead Signal (OOS)Non-associated overhead

BDI: Backward Defect IndicationFDI-O: Forward Defect Indication - OverheadFDI-P: Forward Defect Indication - Payload

OCI: Open Connection IndicationPMI: Payload Missing IndicationTTI: Trail Trace Identifier

OOS functions subject to standardization

OOS bit rate & format not standardized

Non-Associated

overhead

OTSn

n

32

OCh

1

General Management Communications

Vendor

Specific

OMSn

FDI-O

FDI-P

OCI

OCh OH extensions may be

expected in future to support e.g.

OCh protection (e.g. OCh SPring)

BDI-O

BDI-P

PMI

FDI-P

FDI-O

BDI-O

BDI-P

PMI

TTI

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OTUkand ODUkframe formats (k=1,2,3)

3825

4080

1 7 8 14

1516

17

3824

1

2

3

4

OPU k Payload

OPUkOH

OPUk - Optical Channel Payload Unit

ODUk

ODUk - Optical Channel Data Unit

Client Signal

mapped in

OPUk Payload

Client Signal

OTUkFEC

OTUkOH

OTUk - Optical Channel Transport Unit

Alignm

Alignment

k indicates the order:1 2.5G

2 10G

3 40G

OTUk

bitrate:255/(239-k)*"STM-N"

ODUkbitr

ate:239/(239-

k)*"STM-N"

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OTUkand ODUkOverhead (k=1,2,3)Associated overhead

Alignm

OPU k Payload

OPUkOH

ODUk

OTUkOH

1

2

3

4

1 16Row

Column

7 8

FRAME ALIGNMENT OVERHEAD AREA OTUk SPECIFIC OVERHEAD AREA

ODUk SPECIFIC OVERHEAD AREA

14 15

OP

UkSPECIFIC

O

VERHEAD

AREA

PSI

EXP

TCMACT

TCM5 TCM4

TCM3 TCM2 TCM1

TCM6

GCC1 GCC2

FTFL

PM

RES

RESAPS/PCC

SM RESGCC0FAS MFAS

0 1 109 127

FaultIndicationField

Operator

IdentifierOperator Specific

128 129 138137 255

FaultIndicationField

Operator

IdentifierOperator Specific

Forward Backward

FTFL

Mapping

& Concat

Specific

Mapping

& Concat

Specific255

0

1

PT

TTI BIP-8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 2 3

PM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BEIBDI

STAT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0 15

Source Access

Point Identifier

32 63

Operator Specific

16 31

Destination Access

Point IdentifierTTI

TCMi

STATTTI BIP-8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 2 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BEI/BIAE B

DI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

RESIAET

CMi

TTI BIP-8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 2 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BEI/BIAEBDI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MFAS: MultiFrame Alignment Signal

PCC: Protection Communication Control channel

PM: Path Monitoring

PSI: Payload Structure Identifier

RES: Reserved for future international

standardisationSM: Section Monitoring

TCM: Tandem Connection Monitoring

ACT: Activation/deactivation control channel

APS: Automatic Protection Swiching

coordination channel

EXP: Experimental

FAS: Frame Alignment Signal

FTFL: Fault Type & Fault Locationreporting channel

GCC: General Communication Channel

JC

JC

JC

NJO PJ

RES

RES

RES

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OTUkV (k=1,2,3)

Frame format is vendor specific Forward Error Correction code is vendor specific

Minimum overhead set to support is:

Trail Trace Identifier

Error Detection Code (e.g. BIP) Backward Defect Indicator

Backward Error Indicator

(Backward) Incoming Alignment Error

Other overhead is vendor specific

ODUk mapping into OTUkV is vendor specific

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Overhead versus OTN Interfaces

Overhead passed through network OTM UNI to OTM UNI

OTM NNI IrDI to OTM NNI IrDI

OTMUNI

USERA

NetworkOperator

K

OTMNNI IrDI

NetworkOperator

L

OTMNNI IrDI

NetworkOperator

M

OTMUNI

UserZ

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Overhead passed through network from OTM UNI toOTM UNI interface

OPUk PSI, Client Specific

ODUk PM, TCM ACT, TCM1..TCMn, TCM ACT, RES

ODUk GCC1, GCC2 according contract

ODUk APS/PCC definition is under study

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

FAS MFAS

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

PMPSI

SMOPU

k

Paylo

ad

OTUkFEC

based on regulations and contractTCM1..TCMn are passed through,TCMn+1..TCM6 may be overwritten

ClientSpecific

GCC1 GCC2

RESTCMACT

FTFL

GCC0 RES

EXPAPS/PCC RES

passed through terminated and re-inserted

TCM6 TCM5 TCM4

TCM3 TCM2 TCM1

definition is under study

based on contract may be overwritten in network

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Overhead passed through network from OTM NNI IrDIto OTM NNI IrDI interface

OPUk PSI, Client Specific

ODUk PM, TCM ACT, TCM1..TCMm, TCM ACT, FTFL, RES "m" in TCMm > "n" in TCMn (UNI-UNI)

ODUk GCC1, GCC2 according contract ODUk APS/PCC definition is under study

based on regulations and contractTCM1..TCMm are passed through,TCMm+1..TCM6 may be overwritten

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

FAS MFAS

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

PM

PSI

SMOP

Uk

Pay

load

OTUkFEC

ClientSpecific

GCC1 GCC2

RESTCMACT

FTFL

GCC0 RES

EXP

APS/PCC RES

passed through terminated and re-inserted

TCM6 TCM5 TCM4

TCM3 TCM2 TCM1

definition is under study

based on contract may be overwritten in network

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Contents



OTM Signals

Maintenance Signals


Multiplexing

Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards

Forward Defect Indication

(FDI, AIS) Backward Defect & Error

Indication (BDI, BEI)

Open ConnectionIndication (OCI)

Locked (LCK)

Fault Type & Fault Location(FTFL)

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OTN Maintenance Signals:Alarm Suppression

R

R

R

R

R1000/fiber

x 96 fibers/cable

x 5 cables/duct

= 500k lost signals

==> 500k LOS alarms in network

OMS-FDI

use of OTN maintenance

signals FDI, AIS and PMI willreduce number of alarms

from 500k to 1 per broken fiber

3R

at 3R point OCh-FDI

is converted into

ODUk-AIS

OTS-PMI OTS-PMI

use of OTN maintenance

signal OTS-PMI (and OMS-PMI)

will prevent OTS [OMS] LOS alarm

when none ofs is presentOCh-FDI

OCh-FDI

OCh-FDI

OCh-FDI

at line termination point

OMS-FDI is converted

into OCH-FDI

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OTN Maintenance Signals:Alarm Suppression (FDI, AIS)

OMSn

OCh

OTSn OMSn-FDIO

Ch-FDI

OCh

O

Ch-FDI

OCh

O

Ch-FDI

OCh

O

Ch-FDI

OCh

O

Ch-FDI

OCh

O

Ch-FDI

OTUk

OTUk-AIS

ODUk

ODUk-AIS

Futureserverlayer

CBR

(STM-N)

gen-AIS A

TM

VP-AIS

IP

?MPLS

MPLS-FDI

Ethernet

?

OMSn-PMI

OTSn-PMI

ODUk-AIS

AIS/FDI at

clients

AIS at

ODUk

AIS at OTUk

FDI at

OCh

FDI/PMI at OMSn

PMI at

OTSn

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OTN Maintenance Signals:Alarm Suppression (FDI, AIS)

Generated at egress of OMSn, OCh and ODUk LinkConnections

Inserted on detection of Signal Fail

OMSn-FDI and OCh-FDI

is non-associated overhead ODUk-AIS

is special ODUk signal pattern (0xFF)

1

2

3

4

1 17 3824

All-1's pattern

87 14

FTFL

FA OH OTUk OH

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

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Generic-AIS [STM-AIS]

New maintenance signal @ STM-N level

a continuous repeating 2047-bit PN-11 (1 + x9 + x11) sequence

Generated in OTN tributary ports

ingress trib: on detection of STM-N LOS

egress trib: on detection of ODUksignal fail type defect

To be detected in SDH line/trib ports in addition to STM-LOF as"STM-AIS"

In existing equipment detected as STM-LOF

SDHOTN

with SDH trib

OTN

with SDH trib SDH

STM-N

STM-N

OTM-n

OTM-n

LOS

ODUk

ODUkgen.

AIS

framerSTM

dAIS

OOF/IF

descr

gen.

AIS

STM-N

STM-N

LOS

ODUk

ODUkgen.

AIS

framerSTM

dAIS

OOF/IF

descr

gen.

AIS STM

dLOF

STM

dLOF

detection

insertion

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OTN Maintenance Signals:Backward Information (BDI, BEI)

RDI/REI at Clients

BDI/BEI at

ODUk

OTUk

No BI at

OCh

BDI at OTSn

OMSn

OMSn

OCh

OTSn

OCh

OCh

OCh

OCh

OCh

OTU

k

ODUk

Futureserverlayer

CBR

(STM-N

)

ATM

IP

MPLS

Ethernet

OMSn-BDI-P

OMSn-BDI-O

OTSn-BDI-P

OTSn-BDI-O

OTUk-BDI

OTUk-BEI

ODUk-BDI

ODUk-BEI

RDI

REI

RDI

REI? BDI ?

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OTN Maintenance Signals:Open Connection Indication (OCI)

Generated in a Fabric Inserted when output port is not connected to input

port

OCh-OCI

is non-associated overhead ODUk-OCI

special ODUk signal pattern (0x66)

1

2

3

4

1 17 3824

Repeating "0110 0110" pattern

FA OH

87

OTUk OH

14

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

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OTN Maintenance Signals:Locked (LCK)

Generated in ODUk Tandem Connection endpoint Inserted when Administrative State is Locked

to block a user to access the connection

to prevent test patterns within the network entering a userdomain

ODUk-LCK

special ODUk signal pattern (0x55)

1

2

3

4

1 17 3824

Repeating "0101 0101" pattern

FA OH

87

OTUk OH

14

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

STAT

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April 2002

Fault Type & Fault Location (FTFL)

Helps Service Provider to automatically locate fault/degradation to

specific Network Operator domain

No need to call around any longer

Section and Tandem Connection endpoints insert FTFL in forwarddirection on detection of SF or SD condition

Specific FTFL function at UNI

extracts forward info and sends it in opposite direction as backward info filters outgoing and incoming FTFL information (security issue)

Specific FTFL extraction function

reads FTFL forward and backward information at intermediate point alongconnection

CPE1NO C

NO A

NO BNO D CUSTOMER

B:XA:XSP:X

X:A X:SP

IrDI

IrDI

IrDI

IrDI

IrDI

IrDI

B:X

OTUk Section TerminationODUk Tandem Connection TerminationODUk Path Termination ODUk UNI Tandem Connection Termination Equipment

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April 2002

Contents



OTM Signals

Maintenance Signals


Multiplexing


CBR (e.g. STM-N)

IP, ETHERNET

ATM

Test Signals

Bit stream with/withoutoctet timing

Bit Rate Agnostic CBR

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Mapping STM-N (N=16,64,256)

G.709 provides

two mappings forSTM-N signals

bit synchronous

asynchronous

G.709 defines

interworkingbetween bothmappings

commondemapper, and

bit synchronousmapping hasfixedJustificationControl (JC)

1718

3824

1

2

3

4PJO

NJO

JC

D D D3805D

D D D3805D

D D D3805D

D D3805D

JC

JC

PSIRESRESR

ES

1516

17

PJO

3824

1905

1904

1920

1921

118 x 16D 119 x 16D

119 x 16D

119 x 16D

119 x 16D

1

2

3

4NJO

JC

JC

JC

PSIRESRESRES

1516

118 x 16D

118 x 16D

15D + 117 x 16D

16FS

16FS

16FS

16FS

17

PJO

3824

1264

1265

1280

1281

2544

2561

2545

2560

78 x 16D 79 x 16D1

2

3

4NJO

JC

JC

JC

PSIRESRESRES

1516

78 x 16D

78 x 16D

15D + 77 x 16D

16FS

16FS

16FS

16FS

79 x 16D

79 x 16D

79 x 16D

79 x 16D16FS

16FS

16FS

16FS

79 x 16D

79 x 16D

79 x 16D

STM-16

STM-64

STM-256

D: Data, FS: Fixed Stuff, JC: Justification Control, N/PJO: Negative/Positive Justification Opportunity

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Mapping IP and Ethernet

G.709 provides an encapsulation for packet based client

signals

There is no need for SDH or 10G-Ethernet to encapsulate IP

A new protocol is being defined: Generic Framing Procedure

a generic mechanism to carry any packet signal over fixed ratechannels (e.g. SDH, SONET and OTN's ODUk) - ITU-T Rec. G.gfp

Bandwidth for GFP stream in

ODU1: 2 488 320 kbit/s

ODU2: 9 995 276 kbit/s

ODU3: 40 150 519 kbit/s

17 3824

OPUkOverhead

OPUk Payload

GFP Frame

bytes

1

2

3

4RESRESRESRES

PSIRESRESRES

15 16

RES

255

0

1

PT

PSI

4 4-65535

GFP Idle Frame

bytes

4

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April 2002

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

5

X+4

X+5

PayloadHeader

PayloadInformation

Field

N

optional

PayloadFCS

8

9

ExtensionHeader

X+4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

5

6

7

TYPE

TYPE

tHEC

tHEC

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

12

3

4

PLI PLI

cHEC

cHEC

N-3

N-2

N-1

pFCS

pFCS

pFCS

pFCS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

CoreHeader

PayloadArea

8

N

Octet

Bit

X+3

eHEC

eHEC

4 X 64

GFP Frame

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1

2

3

4

Octet

Bit

00 (B6) hex

00 (AB) hex

00 (31) hex

00 (E0) hex

GFP Idle

PTI

UPI

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

eHEC

eHEC

Spare 10

11

12

Linear with FrameMultiplexing

PFI

EXI5

6

8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

5

6

7

TYPE

TYPE

tHEC

tHEC

CID

N

ullHeader

CID: Channel IDEXI: Extension Header IDFCS: Frame Check SeqHEC: Header Error CheckPFI: Payload FCS IndPLI: Payload Length IndPTI: Payload Type IDUPI: User Payload ID

N 65536

Generic Framing Procedure G.7041

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April 2002

Mapping ATM

G.709 provides a mapping for cell based client signals

Mapping ATM into ODUk is similar to mapping into SDH

17 3824

OPUk

Overhead

OPUk Payload

ATM cell

53 bytes

1

2

3

4RESRESRESRES

PSIRESRESRES

15 16

RES

255

0

1

PT

PSI Bandwidth for ATM stream in

ODU1: 2 488 320 kbit/s

ODU2: 9 995 276 kbit/s

ODU3: 40 150 519 kbit/s

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April 2002

Mapping Test Signals

G.709 provides a mapping for test signals Two test signals are defined

NULL sequence (all-0's)

T1542830-00(114739)

RES

255

0

1

PT

PSI

1

2

3

4

16 17 38241815

RES

RES

RES

RES

RES

RES

RES

PSI

OPUk OH

Row

Column

OPUk Payload (4 x 3808 bytes)

All-0's pattern

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April 2002

Mapping Test Signals

Two test signals are defined (continued) 2 147 483 647-bit Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS)

1 + x28 + x31

groups of 8 successive PRBS bits are mapped into a data byte

1

7

3

824

OPUk Payload (4 x 3808 bytes)

1

8

D D D3805x D

D D D3805x D

D D D3805x D

D D D3805x D

1

2

3

4RESRESRESRES

PSIRESRESRES1

5

1

6

OPUk OH

RES

255

0

1

PT

PSI

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April 2002

Bit Rate Agnostic CBR Mapping

New mapping method which maps a CBR signal of anyrate (within a range up to OPUk payload capacity)

Bit rate is a fixed bit rate with a small tolerance in theppm range.

For inclusion in G.709 version 2

Description in G.709 Living List

Further development in 2001/2002 timeframe

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April 2002

Contents



OTM Signals

Maintenance Signals


Multiplexing


Wavelength DivisionMultiplex (WDM)

Time Division Multiplex(TDM)

TDM Tributary Slots

TDM Overhead

TDM Mapping

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Wavelength Division Multiplex

OTM-16r.m signal 16 channels

fixed 200 GHz grid independent of bit rate of OCh signal

designed for interworking purposes

OTM-n.m signal

no predefined number of channels

no predefined grid

grid may depend on bit rate of OCh signal

e.g. 25, 50, 100 GHz for OTU1, OTU2, OTU3 resp.

developments in technology are driving capabilities

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Wavelength Division Multiplex - Structure

OTU1[V]

OTU2[V]

OTU3[V]

OTM-n.m

x k

x j

x i

OCG-n.m

OCC

OCC

OCCx 1

x 1

x 11 i+j+k nOCh

OCh

OChx 1

x 1

x 1

OTM-nr.m

x k

x j

x i

OCG-nr.m

OCCr

OCCr

OCCrx 1

x 1

x 11 i+j+k nOChr

OChr

OChrx 1

x 1

x 1

OSCx 1

OOS OTS, OMS, OCh, COMMS OH

x 1

x 1

x 1

OTM-0.m

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April 2002

Time Division Multiplex

TDM muxing in the OTN will be applied for:

lower rate service signal transport

in long distance line systems and/or sub-networksoptimised for single (higher) bit rate

increased throughput

in optical fabrics and/or sub-networks reduced administrative complexity

in large networks

lower cost networks

TDM muxing introduces additional complexity when

tributary signal must be routed requires demux and mux stages around switch fabric

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April 2002


TDM muxing is muxing of ODUk signals into higherorder ODUk signals

ODU1 into ODU2

ODU1 and/or ODU2 into ODU3 ODU1 into ODU2 into ODU3 is possible, but not the

recommended method when ODU1s are the service signals that

are to be switched/cross connected within an "ODU3 network"

if ODU1s enter such ODU3 network via ODU2, the ODU2 isterminated at the edge and the ODU1s are remultiplexed into anODU3

if ODU2 is service signal, of course no demuxing/remuxing willoccur at edges

Multiplexing via byte interleaving

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April 2002

Time Division Multiplex - Structure

ODU3 OPU3x 1

OTU1[V]

OTU2[V]

OTU3[V]x 1

x 1

x 1

MappingMultiplexing

ODU2 OPU2x 1

x 4

x 16

ODU1 OPU1

Client Signal

ClientSignal

x 1

Client Signal

x 4

ODTUG3

ODTUG2

x 1

x 1

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Time Division Multiplex - artist impression

4x ODU1 into ODU2payload

ODU1 adapted toODU2 clock viajustification

adapted ODU1

signals byteinterleaved intoOPU2

ODU2 and OTU2overhead added

ODU1 floats in ofthe OPU2

ODU1 frame willcross an ODU2frame boundary

OTU2 OTU2FEC

Client Layer Signal(e.g. STM-16, ATM, GFP)

ODU1ODU1 OH

Alignm

ODU2

4x

OPU1OH

Client Layer Signal(e.g. STM-16)ODU1 OH

Alignm

OPU1OH


Alignm

OPU1OH


Alignm

OPU1OH

Client Layer Signal(e.g. STM-16, ATM, GFP)ODU1 OH

Alignm

OPU1OH

ODU2 OHOPU2OH

OPU2 PayloadODU2 OH

Alignm

OPU2OH

OTU2OH

NOTE - The ODU1 floats in of the OPU2 Payload area. An ODU1 frame will cross multiple ODU2 frame boundaries.A complete ODU1 frame (15296 bytes) requires the bandwidth of (15296/3808 = ) 4.017 ODU2 frames. This is not illustrated.


Alignm

OPU1OH


Alignm

OPU1OH


Alignm

OPU1OH

Client Layer Signal(e.g. STM-16, ATM, GFP)ODU1 OH

Alignm

OPU1OH


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April 2002

Time Division Multiplex -ODU2 Tributary Slot Allocation

1 1617

3824

Row

Column

181920

3823

3822

3821

21

15

00

01

10

11

1

2

3

4

OPU2 Payload(4 x 3808 bytes)

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

1

2

3

4


OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

1

2

3

4


O

PU2TribSlot1

O

PU2TribSlot2

O

PU2TribSlot3

O

PU2TribSlot4

O

PU2TribSlot1

O

PU2TribSlot2

O

PU2TribSlot3

O

PU2TribSlot4

O

PU2TribSlot1

O

PU2TribSlot2

O

PU2TribSlot3

O

PU2TribSlot4

O

PU2TribSlot1

O

PU2TribSlot2

O

PU2TribSlot3

O

PU2TribSlot4

1

2

3

4


OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

OPU2TribSlot1

OPU2TribSlot2

OPU2TribSlot3

OPU2TribSlot4

PSI

JOH

TS1

PSI

JOH

TS

2

PSI

JOH

TS3

PSI

JOH

TS4

MFASbits

78


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April 2002

Time Division Multiplex -ODU3 Tributary Slot Allocation

17

3824

181920

3823

3822

3821

2223

3334

32

31

211 1

6

Row

Column

15

0000

0001

1111

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

PSI

JOHTS1

PSI

JOHTS2

PSI

JOHTS16


OPU3TribSlot1

OPU3TribSlot2

OPU3TribSlot3

OPU3TribSlot4

OPU3TribSlot5

OPU3TribSlot6

OPU3TribSlot7

OPU3TribSlot8

OPU3TribSlot9

OPU3TribSlot10

OPU3TribSlot11

OPU3TribSlot12

OPU3TribSlot13

OPU3TribSlot14

OPU3TribSlot15

OPU3TribSlot16

OPU3TribSlot1

OPU3TribSlot2

OPU3TribSlot3

OPU3TribSlot15

OPU3TribSlot16


OPU3TribSlot1

OPU3TribSlot2

OPU3TribSlot3

OPU3TribSlot4

OPU3TribSlot5

OPU3TribSlot6

OPU3TribSlot7

OPU3TribSlot8

OPU3TribSlot9

OPU3TribSlot1

0

OPU3TribSlot1

1

OPU3TribSlot1

2

OPU3TribSlot1

3

OPU3TribSlot1

4

OPU3TribSlot1

5

OPU3TribSlot1

6

OPU3TribSlot1

OPU3TribSlot2

OPU3TribSlot3

OPU3TribSlot1

5

OPU3TribSlot1

6


OPU3TribSlot1

OPU3TribSlot2

OPU3TribSlot3

OPU3TribSlot4

OPU3TribSlot5

OPU3TribSlot6

OPU3TribSlot7

OPU3TribSlot8

OPU3TribSlot9

OPU3TribSlot10

OPU3TribSlot11

OPU3TribSlot12

OPU3TribSlot13

OPU3TribSlot14

OPU3TribSlot15

OPU3TribSlot16

OPU3TribSlot1

OPU3TribSlot2

OPU3TribSlot3

OPU3TribSlot15

OPU3TribSlot16

MFASbits

5678

Time Division Multiplex Overhead

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Time Division Multiplex - OverheadMSI, JC, PJO1, PJO2

JC

NJO

1

2

3

4

1

6

1

7

3

824

Row

Column

OPUk Payload(4 x 3808 bytes)

3

823

3

822

3

821

1

5

PSI

JC

JC

JCReserved

1 6 7 82 543

JC0

1

2

17

18

255

Reserved

MSI

PJO1

PJO2

Reserved

PJO1

PJO2

PJO1

PJO2

PJO1

PJO2

17

21

18

19

20

22

23

24

00

01

10

11

PJO1

PJO2

PJO1

PJO2

PJO1

PJO2

PJO1

PJO2

17

33

18

19

32

34

35

48

0000

0001

0010

1111

PJO

MFAS

bits 78

MFAS

bits 5678

OPU2 OPU3

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Time Division Multiplex - Mapping

Asynchronous mapping of ODU information bytes -1, 0, +1, +2 byte justification control

ODU1 into ODU3 mapping includes Fixed Stuff column

ODU1 into ODU2 and ODU2 into ODU3 mapping is withoutfixed stuff

1

2

3

4

1 16 17

3824

Row

Column

OPU3 Payloadtransporting

16x ODU1

3823

3808

3809

OPU3TribSlot1

5

OPU3TribSlot1

6

3233

1905

31

JOH

PSI O

PU3TribSlot1

OPU3TribSlot1

5

OPU3TribSlot1

6

OPU3TribSlot1

OPU3TribSlot1

5

OPU3TribSlot1

6

OPU3TribSlot1

FIXE

DSTU

FF

1904

1920

1921

1919

OPU3 Payloadtransporting

16x ODU1

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April 2002

Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks


OTM Signals

Maintenance Signals


Multiplexing


ODUk-Xv

OPUk-Xv Overhead

Mapping Client signals

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Virtual Concatenated ODUk's ODUk-Xv, with X=1..256

Provide

Ability to transport STM-64 and STM-256 signals via fibersnot supporting 10G and/or 40G wavelengths

STM-64 into ODU1-4v STM-256 into ODU2-4v or ODU1-16v

Finer granularity bandwidth for data signals

X * 2G5 [10G] [40G] via ODU1-Xv [ODU2-Xv] [ODU3-Xv]

Application of Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS,Rec. G.7042) offers

Hitless bandwidth modification

Build in resilience when signal components routed viatwo or more diverse routes

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Virtual Concatenation - Inverse muxing

16 17 38241815

PSI

1

2

3

4

V

COH

14

X+1

14

X+2

16X

38

24X

1

2

3

4

OPUk-Xv Payload (4 x 3808 x X bytes)OPUk-Xv OH

(8 x X bytes)

1

2

3

4

OPUk Payload (4 x 3808 bytes)OPUk OH

PSIOPUk#1

OPUk#X

OPUk-Xv

VCOH

15X

15X+1

382

3X+1

15 16 3824

OPUk-X Payload

Mapping ofclient signalinto OPUk-X

Inverse muxingof OPUk-Xsignal into XOPUk signals

ODUk overheadis added toeach of the X

OPUk signals

ODUk signalsare transported

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Virtual Concatenation - Overhead

PSI

vcPT

VCOH

MFI1, MFI2

SQ

LCAS

CTRL GID

RSA

MST

CRC8

Res

1

2

3

4

Column #

PSI

15 16

Row#

RES

255254

012

PT

VCOH1

VCOH3

VCOH2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

CTRLGID

RSA

CRC8

RES

0 1

255

2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9

0

1

2

31

Member StatusMST

(0 - 255)

VCOH1 VCOH2 VCOH3

MFI1

MFI2

SQ

Reserved

Reserved

Reserved

3

4

5

00000

00001

00010

11111

00011

00100

00100

MFAS

45678

CRC8

CRC8

CRC8

CRC8

CRC8

CRC8

CRC8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MFI1 MFI2

vcPT

Mappingspecific

MSB LSBRSA: RS-Ack

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

SQ, CRC8

MSB LSB

1 2 3 4

CTRL

MSB LSB

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April 2002

Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks


OTM Signals

Maintenance Signals


Multiplexing


OTN Standards

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OTN Standards in ITU-T - Transport Plane Framework

Network Architecture Structures and bit rates

Equipment

Equipment Management Function

Protection

Data Communication Network Jitter & Wander Performance

Error Performance

Physical

Information Model

Optical Safety

Generic Framing Procedure

Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme

Bringing into Service & Maintenance

Q factor measurement

G.871 (10/00)

G.872 (10/01)G.709 (02/01), G.709 am.1 (10/01)

G.798 (10/01)

G.874 (10/01), G.7710 (11/01)

G.gps (2002), G.otnprot (2002)

G.7712 (10/01)G.8251 (2002)

G.optperf (2002)

G.959.1 (02/01), G.693, G.dsn (2003)

G.874.1 (10/01), G.875 (2002)

G.664 (06/99)

G.7041 (10/01)

G.7042 (10/01)

M.24otn (2003)

O.qfm (?)

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OTN Standards in ITU-T - Control Plane

Automatic Switched Transport

Network Automatic Switched Optical Network

Distributed Connection Management

Automatic Discovery Techniques

Routing

Signalling Communication Network

Link Resource Manager

G.807 (05/01)

G.8080 (10/01)

G.7713 (10/01)

G.7714 (10/01)

G.7715 (2002)

G.7712 (10/01)

G.7716 (2002?)

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OTN Standards in ITU-T

Network Architecture(G.872)

Structures & Mappings(G.709)

Equipment Functional Spec.(G.798, G.806)

Equipment Man. Function(G.874, G.7710)

Information Model(G.874.1, G.875)

Jitter/Wander Performance(G.8251)

Error Performance(G.optperf)

Physical Layer(G.959.1, G.692, G.693, G.dsn)

Protection Switching(G.otnprot, G.gps)

Data & SignallingCommunication Network

(G.7712)

ITU-T OTN Recommendations

Transport Plane

Bringing into Service &Maintenance for the OTN

(M.24otn)

Automatic Power Shut DownProcedures for Optical

Transport Systems (G.664)

Framework for OTN Rec's(G.871/Y.1301)

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OTN Standards in ITU-T

Automatic SwitchedTransport Network

(G.807)

Automatic SwitchedOptical Network

(G.8080)

Distributed Call & ConnectionManagement

(G.7713, G.7713.x (x=1,2,3))

Automat ic Neighbor DiscoveryTechniques

(G.7714)

Connection Admission Control(G.cac)

Routing(G.7715)

Data & SignallingCommunication Network

(G.7712)

ITU-T RecommendationsControl Plane

Link Resource Manager(G.7716)

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THANK YOU

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g709 Intro v2