Final Environmental Impact Assessment Reportenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/26022015ONH6NMRG... · Final Environmental Impact Assessment Report ... Bharat PetroResources

Final Environmental Impact Assessment Impact Assessment

Report

On Shore Exploration DrillingProposed Project

AtBlock no.: CB-ONN-2010/8 in Cambay Basin, District: Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar & Kheda,

Gujarat

Project Proponent

Bharat PetroResources Limited

3rd Floor, K. G. Chambers,

Prepared By:

Opp. Gujarat Samachar Press, Udhna Darwaja, Ring Road,

Surat - 395 002.

NABET Accreditation vide letter no. NABET/EIA/RA002/034 and list of QCI approved consultant uploaded on 5th January 2015

DETOX CORPORATION PVT. LTD JANUARY 2015

BHARAT PETRORESOURCES LIMITED EIA, EMP, RA/DMP FOR DRILLING WELLS IN CB ONN 2010/08

Experts contributing to the EIA for BHARAT PETRORESOURCES LIMITED (BPRL)

EIA COORDINATOR Name

: Mr. Pushpak Shah

Date

: 21st February 2015

Period of Involvement

: From June 2013 to till date

Contact information

: 9824412866

FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERT

Sr. no.

Functional area

Name of the expert/s

Involvement (Task**) Involvement (Period)

1. AP PUSHPAK SHAH

Site visit, finalizing baseline monitoring locations for ambient air, impact identification with respect to process on air environment and suggesting mitigation measures, formulating environment management plan, suggesting monitoring plan post EC

From June 2013 to till date

2. WP PUSHPAK SHAH

Site visit, finalizing baseline monitoring locations for ground water & Surface water, impact identification for water environment, formulating environment management plan, suggesting monitoring plan post EC


3. SHW PUSHPAK SHAH Site visit, identifying the major solid and hazardous waste generation from process, suggesting disposal plan


4. NV ‐‐‐

‐‐‐ ‐‐‐

5. SE Ms. HETAL SHAH

Site Visit/ Field Survey, Assessment of the possible changes to socio‐economic issues arising out of the proposed project activity

From Dec 2014 to till date

6. EB Dr. MANOJ ELEDATH

Site Visit, identification of fauna and flora vide ground truthing, validation of primary data through secondary data, impact identification due to project activity on existing flora and fauna, suggesting green belt development plan




7. HG NILKANTH KELAVANEKAR

Site Visit, Study geology of area by using available secondary data, collection of ground water samples from the existing bore wells and analysis of same for study of ground water quality in area. Analysis the ground water level in the area by using hydrographs from secondary data


8. GS ‐‐‐

‐‐‐ ‐‐

9. AQ ‐‐‐ ‐‐‐ ‐‐‐

10. LU JESSICA KARIA

Development of landuse maps of study area using GIS / related tools, site visit for ground truth survey, finalization of landuse maps, contribution to EIA documentation


11. RH ANIL CHAUMAL

Study the process, identify the risk and hazards due to project activity, Developing & interpreting consequence contours, suggesting mitigation measures

From Dec 2014 to till date

ADDITIONAL PERSONNEL

Sr. no.

Functional area

Name of the expert/s

Involvement (Task**) Involvement (Period)

1. Noise Pushpak Shah Site visit, identifying locations for baseline noise monitoring, study the process and identify the various sources from where possible noise emission can occur, suggesting mitigation measures and formulating environment management plan


2. AP, AQ, Noise and RH

Ankita Bhairaviya Site Visit with EC & FAE, Worked as part of team with EIA coordinator for compilation of report and coordination with FAE Team member with FAE for AP, RH & Noise


3. RH Mitesh Desai Study the process, identify the risk and hazards due to project activity, Developing & interpreting consequence contours, suggesting mitigation measures

From June 2013 to Nov 2014



4. SE Dr. Dilip Shah Assessment of the possible changes to socio‐economic issues arising out of the proposed project activity

From June 2013 to Nov 2014

5. AFAE‐AQ, WP, SHW

Maitri Contractor Team member with FAE for AQ, WP, SHW


BHARAT PETRORESOURCES LIMITED EIA, EMP, RA/DMP FOR DRILLING WELL IN CB ONN 2010/08

DETOX CORPORATION PVT. LTD. JANUARY 2015

Abbreviation

BPCL Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd

MWP Minimum Work Program

EIA Environment Impact Assessment

EMP Environment Management Plan

BPRL Bharat Petroresources Limited

CSR Corporate Social Responsibility

TOR Terms Of Reference

MoEF Ministry Of Environment & Forest

SPCB State Pollution Control Board

CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone

GLC Ground Level Concentration

DG Diesel Generator

MoEF Ministry Of Environment & Forest

GSR General Statutory Rules

EPA Environment Protection Act

OMR Oil Mines Regulations

NOC Consent To Establish

CTO Consent To Operate

FGD Focus group discussion

PUCC Pollution Under Control Certificate

MVA Motor Vehicle Act

MVR Motor Vehicle Rule

MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet

RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete

HDPE High Density Polyethylene

WBM Water Based Mud

BOP Blow Out Prevention

HSD High Speed Diesel

CED Chemically Enhanced Dewatering

MT Metric Ton



KLD Kilo Liter Per Day

CPCB Central Pollution Control Board

CHWTSDF Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Stabilization

And Disposal Facility

USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

IS Indian Standard

VOC Volatile Organic Compound

BTX Benzene, Toluene, And Xylene

HC Hydro Carbons

TDS Total Dissolved Solids

BOD Biological Oxygen Demand

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand

DO Dissolved Oxygen

SAR Sodium Absorption Ratio

NRSA National Remote Sensing Agency

IUCN International Union For Conservation Of Nature

BSI Botanical Survey Of India

ISCST Industrial Source Complex Short Term

CETP Common Effluent Treatment Plant

dB Decibel

NIHL Noise Induced Hearing Loss

PPE Personnel Protective Equipment

PSC Production Sharing Contract

HSE Health, Safety And Environment

EMP The Environment Management Plan

TSDF Treatment, Storage And Disposal Facility

ETP Effluent Treatment Plant

SEPPL Saurashtra Enviro Projects Pvt Ltd.

EMC Environmental Management Cell

NABL National Accreditation Board For Testing And

Calibration Laboratories



APHA American Public Health Association

AWWA American Water Works Association

WPCF Water Pollution Control Federation

TSS Total Suspended Solid

ESD Emergency Shutdown

BOP Blowout Preventer

OSHA Occupational Safety And Health Administration

TWA Time-Weighted Average

STEL Short-Term Exposure Limits

NABET National Accreditation Board For Education And

Training

FAE Functional Area Expert

AQ Meteorology, Air quality modeling & Prediction

AP Air pollution monitoring, prevention & control

WP Water pollution monitoring, prevention & control

SHW Solid and Hazardous waste management

NV Noise & vibration

SE Socio Economic

EB Ecology and Bio diversity

HG Hydrogeology

GS Geology and soil

LU Land use

RH Risk and Hazard Management

DETOX CORPORATION PVT. LTD 1 JANUARY 2015

BHARAT PETRORESOURCES LIMITED EIA, EMP & RA/ DMP FOR DRILLING WELLS IN BLOCK CB ONN 2010/08

Contents

1 Introduction 12

1.1 Project Proponent 12

1.2 Proposed Project 12

1.3 Details Of Block 13

1.4 Tentative Well Location 17

1.5 Salient Feature Of Site 19

1.6 Cost Of Project 20

1.7 Need Of Project 20

1.8 Objective Of Proposed Drilling Activities 20

1.9 Purpose Of Study 21

1.10 Objective Of Study 21

1.11 Definition Of EIA 22

1.12 Methodology 22

1.13 Scope Of Study 22

1.14 Applicable Legislation For Oil And Gas Projects 29

1.15 Structure Of EIA Report 32

2 Project Description 34

2.1 Site Selection 34

2.2 Land Acquisition 35

2.3 Site Preparation 35

2.4 Drilling Activities 36

2.4.1 Initial Well Construction 36

2.4.2 The Drilling Process 36

2.4.3 Mud System And Cuttings 37

2.4.4 Well Evaluation 41

2.4.5 Completion Of Drilling 41



2.4.6 Decommissioning & Closure Of Wells 41

2.5 Utilities & Resource Requirements 42

2.5.1 Manpower Requirement And Accommodation: 42

2.5.2 Water Requirements 43

2.5.3 Waste Water Generation 43

2.5.4 Power Supply & Fuel Consumption 43

2.5.5 Stack Details 44

2.5.6 Solid Waste Management 44

2.5.7 Hazardous Waste 44

2.5.8 Resources & Chemical Usage 45

2.5.9 Other Infrastructural Facility 45

3 Baseline Study 47

3.1 Meteorology Study 47

3.2 Ambient Air Quality 49

3.2.1 Study Period And Area 49

3.2.2 Details Of Parameter Monitored And Analysis Method Adopted 49

3.2.3 Air Monitoring Locations 50

3.2.4 Baseline Data 52

3.3 Water Environment 55

3.3.1 Baseline Study 55

3.3.2 Study Period And Sampling Frequency 55

3.3.3 Details Of Parameter Monitored And Analysis Method Adopted 55

3.3.4 Water Sampling Locations 57

3.3.5 Ground Water Quality 59

3.3.6 Surface Water Quality 61

3.4 Geohydrology Study 63

3.5 Soil Environment 65

3.6 Noise Environment 70



3.7 Land Use Study 71

3.7.1 Primary Data Collection 71

3.7.2 Secondary Data Collection 72

3.7.3 Area Statistics Of Land Use/ Cover Classes Within 10 Km Radius Of Project Site 72

3.7.4 Area Statistics Of Land Use/ Cover Classes Within 1 Km Radius Of Project Site 75

3.8 Bio Ecology Study 84

3.8.1 Floral Diversity Of Study Area 84

3.8.2 Faunal Biodiversity Of Study Area 86

3.9 Socio Economic Data 87

3.10 Source Of Fuel 94

3.11 Needs To Be Focused For The Development 96

4 Impact Identification & Mitigation Measures 103

4.1 Potential Impact On Land Environment 103

4.2 Potential Impact On Soil Quality 104

4.3 Potential Impact On Air Environment 106

4.4 Potential Impact On Water Quality 113

4.5 Potential Impact On Noise Quality 114

4.6 Impacts On Socio Economic Environment: 116

4.7 Impact On Ecology 116

5 Environment Management Plan 118

5.1 Environment Management Plan - Site Planning, Designing And Equipment Selection

Phase 119

5.1.1 Topography, Drainage And Soil Management 119

5.1.2 Procurement Of Contracts 119

5.1.3 Air And Noise Pollution Control 120

5.1.4 Waste And Waste Water Management 120

5.1.5 Disturbance To Local Environment And Communities 123

5.2 Environment Management Plan - Site Preparation Phase 123



5.2.1 Top Soil Removal And Storage 123

5.2.2 Padding And Fill Operations 124

5.2.3 Air And Noise Control 124

5.2.4 Waste Management 124

5.2.5 Disturbance And Nuisance 124

5.3 Environment Management Plan – Drilling And Testing Phase 125

5.3.1 Air And Noise Control 125

5.3.2 Waste And Waste Water 125

5.4 Drilling Site Restoration Plan 126

5.5 Drilling Program Safety Guidelines: 126

5.6 Socio-Economic Environment: 127

5.7 Occuppational Health Surveillance Programmes For Employees And Labourers 128

5.8 Environment Management Cell 128

5.9 Budgetary Allocation For Environment Management Plan 130

6 Environment Monitoring Plan 131

6.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 131

6.2 Stack Monitoring 131

6.3 Noise Environment 131

6.4 Water And Waste Water Quality Monitoring 132

6.4.1 Environment Laboratory 132

6.5 Post Project Environment Monitoring Budgetary Allocation: 132

7 Project Benefit 133

7.1 Employment Potential 134

8 Summary & Conclusion 135

8.1 Salient Features Of Project 135

8.2 Overall Justification For Implementation Of The Project 136

8.3 Conclusion 136

9 Disclosure Of Consultant 138



List of Tables

Table 1-1: Geographic Coordinates of Part A .............................................................. 13

Table 1-2: Geographic Coordinates of Part B .............................................................. 13

Table 1-3: Tentative well locations ........................................................................... 17

Table 1-4: Salient Features from centre of block in 10 km radius .................................. 19

Table 1-5: Salient Features of each well site .............................................................. 20

Table 1-6: TOR Compliance ..................................................................................... 23

Table 1-7: Regulatory requirements associated with Oil and Gas Drilling projects ............ 29

Table 2-1: Electricity allocation ................................................................................ 44

Table 2-2: Solid waste generated at exploratory drilling site ......................................... 44

Table 2-3: Hazardous waste generation .................................................................... 45

Table 3-1: Meteorology Data ................................................................................... 47

Table 3-2: Analysis methods .................................................................................... 50

Table 3-3: Air Monitoring Locations .......................................................................... 52

Table 3-4: Concentration of Various Pollutants ........................................................... 53

Table 3-5: Analysis method for water parameters ....................................................... 56

Table 3-6: Water Monitoring Locations ...................................................................... 58

Table 3-7: Ground Water Quality .............................................................................. 59

Table 3-8: Surface Water Quality ............................................................................. 61

Table 3-9: Use based classification of surface water in India......................................... 62

Table 3-10: Methodology of soil sample analysis ......................................................... 65

Table 3-11: Soil monitoring location and Soil Quality ................................................... 68

Table 3-12: Noise Monitoring Location ...................................................................... 70

Table 3-13: Noise quality in study area ..................................................................... 71

Table 3-14: Details of Satellite Data ......................................................................... 72



Table 3-15: Land use/cover Classes Area Statistics within 10 km Radius of Project Site.... 72

Table 3-16: Near Threatened Birds of Study Area ....................................................... 86

Table 3-17: Species provided Protection as per Wild Life Protection Act 1972 .................. 87

Table 3-18: Coverage Details ................................................................................... 88

Table 3-19: Basic information about villages .............................................................. 88

Table 3-20: Availability of Education facilities ............................................................. 89

Table 3-21: Occupation Details ................................................................................ 90

Table 3-22: Facilities available ................................................................................. 92

Table 3-23: Common facilities ................................................................................. 93

Table 3-24: Facilities of Sanitation and Drinking water ................................................ 93

Table 3-25: Village wise respondents’ numbers .......................................................... 95

Table 3-26: Crop Details ......................................................................................... 96

Table 3-27: Live Stock Details ................................................................................. 96

Table 3-28: Village wise requirements ....................................................................... 97

Table 3-29 (a): Demographic Structure of Villages (1)................................................. 98

Table 3-30 (b): Demographic structure of Village....................................................... 100

Table 4-1: Stack Details ......................................................................................... 108

Table 4-2: Resultant Concentration due to incremental increase for DG set stack ........... 108

Table 4-3: Ecosystem impact assessment of the drilling site ........................................ 116

Table 5-1: Estimated cost of implementation of EMP for each site ................................ 130

Table 6-1: Monitoring schedule ............................................................................... 132

Table 8-1: Salient Features of the Project ................................................................. 136

List of Figures

Figure 1-1: Google Image of Block Boundary ............................................................. 14

Figure 1-2: Map showing block boundary in 3 districts with 10 Km radius map ................ 15



Figure 1-3: Site Map showing surrounding features in 10 Km radius from centre point of two

blocks .................................................................................................................. 16

Figure 1-4: Map showing location of wells in the block CB ONN-2010/08 ........................ 18

Figure 2-1: Flow chart showing various phases of drilling activities ................................ 34

Figure 2-2:Typical configuration of Drilling Rig ........................................................... 37

Figure 2-3: Flow Chart for Drilling Mud and Solid Discharge ......................................... 39

Figure 3-1: Wind Rose Diagram ............................................................................... 48

Figure 3-2: Wind Class & Stability Class Frequency Distribution .................................... 49

Figure 3-3: Air Monitoring Locations with respect to wind rose on site map of study area . 51

Figure 3-4: Water Monitoring Locations ..................................................................... 57

Figure 3-5: Map showing Geology features ................................................................ 64

Figure 3-6: Geological Cross Section in the area ......................................................... 65

Figure 3-7: Land use/ Land cover for 10 km radius from centre of block ........................ 73

Figure 3-8: Land use/ Land cover maps of 1 Km radius from 8 well locations .................. 76

Figure 4-1: Isopleths for PM ................................................................................... 110

Figure 4-2: Isopleths for SO2 ................................................................................. 111

Figure 4-3: Isopleths for NOx ................................................................................. 112

Figure 5-1: Typical cross section of pit ..................................................................... 121

Figure 5-2: Design of storage room ......................................................................... 122

Figure 5-3: Organization Chart with Environment Management Cell at corporate level of

BPRL ................................................................................................................... 129



List of Annexures

Annexure 1: Toposheet

Annexure 2: NABET Certificate

Annexure 3: HSE Policy

Annexure 4: Applicable Legislation

Annexure 5: Photographs of monitoring

Annexure 6: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results

Annexure 7: Geohydrology Report

Annexure 8: Land use Study report

Annexure 9: Bioecology Study Report

Annexure 10: Socio economic Study Report

Annexure 11: Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

Annexure 12: MOM of Public hearing

Annexure 13: TOR copy



Executive Summary Executive Summary

Bharat PetroResources Limited (BPRL) - 100% subsidiary of Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Ltd (BPCL), a Government of India enterprise, is engaged in Exploration and Production of

crude oil and natural gas. Under NELP-IX bid round, BPRL led consortium has been awarded

one on-land block CB-ONN-2010/8, in Cambay basin at District: Ahmedabad, Kheda and

Gandhinagar. BPRL is the Lead Operator with 25% Participating Interest (PI) and the other

consortium partners are GAIL- 25% PI, EIL- 20% PI, BF Infrastructure Ltd. - 20% PI and

Monnet Ispat & Energy Ltd. - 10% PI.

As Lead Operator of the block, BPRL has to undertake the committed Minimum Work

Program (MWP) as per the PSC. The activities of committed Minimum Work Program (MWP)

are mainly acquisition, processing and interpretation of 2D/3D seismic, drilling of the wells

and the related activities to carry out the joint operations.

BPRL has appointed M/s Detox Corporation Private Limited for carrying out an Environment

Impact Assessment (EIA) study for this project using a scientific methodology of assessing

environmental and social impacts from the project in order to arrive at a site specific

Environment Management Plan (EMP).

Project Activity

The proposed project activity of exploratory drilling will involve site preparation, drilling and

testing of well and if proved unsuccessful, decommissioning & closure of the site. The

project will involve exploratory drilling of 8 wells upto a depth of 1800 m to 3500 m. The

exact well locations and drill site though not determined will strictly be confined within the

block itself, typically requiring a lease land of 120 m × 120 m area for each well. The

proposed drilling activity will demand manpower requirement during construction of drill site

and during operation phase and power requirement for drilling rig operation. The project

activity will cause requirement of water for domestic and sanitary purposes and will

generate potential hazardous wastes, domestic waste and waste water from process and

sanitation. Additionally the project activity will generate noise and air emissions. It will also

involve transportation of drilling rig and machineries, raw materials, fuel and manpower and

therefore lead to an increase of traffic density in some of the approach and connecting

routes.



Baseline Environmental Scenario

An understanding of physical, biological and socioeconomic environment was gathered

through primary and secondary data. Ambient air quality, noise quality, soil and water

quality were assessed in the study area. The land area in the block region consisted mainly

of agricultural activities with few villages.

The block does not consist of any ecosensitive area or forest land.

Three rivers flows through the region, they are non-perennial rivers. In the center region

there is Meshwo, and two sides is Khari and Vatrak rivers.

Environment Impact Assessment

The potential impacts of the project on different components of the environment has

systematically identified and evaluated for significance. The principal concerns that may

emerge from the proposed activities are:

• Temporary loss of top soil and land fertility

• Temporary loss of agricultural productivity of the lease land

• Increased water consumption from the project activity and generation of hazardous

waste and process and domestic waste water

• Noise disturbance and air quality impacts to sensitive receptors located close by

Some of the anticipated benefits from the proposed project activity are as follows:

• Potential improvement of some basic facilities for the local communities

• Temporary employment generation of the local skilled as well as unskilled labour

force

• Job and business opportunities for the local people during the site preparation,

drilling and decommissioning phases of the project

Environment Management Plan

Site specific Environment Management Plan (EMP) to prevent and mitigate significant

adverse impacts to bring out beneficial impacts are proposed. The key migiation measures

will include:

• Use of appropriate engineering controls to minimize impacts of air emissions and

noise disturbances to the receptors

• Reinstatement of the site area before handed over to the land owner



• Manage drill cuttings, waste water, hazardous and other wastes in accordance with

regulatory standards and guidance documents, thereby reducing risk of pollution

and/ or contamination in receiving water bodies and other environmental media

• Optimal utilization of natural resources and raw materials

• Employment, training of local people considering the local skill availability

The suggested EMP will be monitored and adapted to future changes in accordance with the

project requirement during various phases of the project lifecycle.



Chapter 1 Introduction

1 INTRODUCTION

Bharat PetroResources Limited (BPRL) - 100% subsidiary of Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Ltd (BPCL), a Government of India enterprise, is engaged in Exploration and Production of

crude oil and natural gas. Under NELP-IX bid round, BPRL led consortium has been awarded

one on-land block CB-ONN-2010/8, in Cambay basin. BPRL is the Lead Operator with 25%

Participating Interest (PI) and the other consortium partners are as under:

GAIL- 25% PI, EIL- 20% PI, BF Infrastructure Ltd. - 20% PI and Monnet Ispat & Energy Ltd.

- 10% PI.

As Lead Operator of the block, BPRL has to undertake the committed minimum work

program (MWP) as per the PSC. The activities of committed minimum work program (MWP)

are mainly acquisition, processing and interpretation of 2D/3D seismic, drilling of the wells

and the related activities to carry out the joint operations.

1.1 PROJECT PROPONENT

Considering the need for a focused approach for E&P activities and implementation of the

investment plans of BPCL at a quicker pace, a wholly owned subsidiary company of BPCL, by

the name Bharat PetroResources Limited (BPRL) was incorporated in October 2006, with the

objective of carrying out Exploration and Production activities.

As of July 2014, the company has participating interests in 19 exploration blocks; in

consortium with other companies. Of the blocks, 11 blocks are in India, 10 in Brazil, and 1

each in Mozambique, Indonesia. Australia and East Timor and. BPRL's total acreage holding

is around 56,000 sq km of which about 86% is offshore acreage.

1.2 PROPOSED PROJECT

BPRL on behalf of the consortium, as the lead operator for the block, proposes to carry out

drilling at allotted block CB-ONN-2010/8 in Gujarat. Total 8 Exploratory drilling wells are

proposed to be drilled within the block boundaries. The total area covered by the block is 42

sq km.

As the project falls in three districts, public hearing was conducted for Kheda, Ahmedabad

and Gandhinagar district separately. The minutes of meeting of public hearing is attached as

Annexure 12.



1.3 DETAILS OF BLOCK

The NELP-IX Block – CB-ONN-2010/8 is located in common boundary of Ahmedabad, Kheda

and Gandhinagar District of Gujarat State. One block (divided in two parts) was allotted and

the geographical coordinates of both the blocks is as mentioned in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2.

The area covered under part A of the block is 14 sq km and under part B is 28 sq. km.

Table 1-1: Geographic Coordinates of Part A

Latitude Longitude

A 23 0 54 72 50 10

B 23 0 54 72 48 6

C 23 3 0 72 48 6

D 23 3 0 72 50 11

A 23 0 54 72 50 10

Table 1-2: Geographic Coordinates of Part B

Latitude Longitude

A 23 0 0 72 46 38

B 23 0 0 72 50 10

C 22 57 26 72 50 8

D 22 57 26 72 46 38

E 23 0 0 72 46 38

The block falls under three districts i.e Kheda, Ahmedabad and Gadhinagar. Map showing

block boundary is given in Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2.

The detailed toposheet indicating the project location is attached as Annexure 1.



Figure 1-1: Google Image of Block Boundary

Part A block limit

Part B block limit



Figure 1-2: Map showing block boundary in 3 districts with 10 Km radius map



Figure 1-3: Site Map showing surrounding features in 10 Km radius from centre point of two blocks



1.4 TENTATIVE WELL LOCATION

Total 8 no. of well locations are proposed in the block. The villages wherein the wells are

located is as mentioned below:

Table 1-3: Tentative well locations

Well locations Latitude Longitude Village

name

Taluka District

WELL - 1 23°02'50.3348"N 72°48'14.9639"E Karoli Dehgam Gandhinagar

WELL - 2 23°02'49.3304"N 72°49'13.0143"E Kodrali

WELL - 3 23°1'2.917"N 72°48'32.316"E Kuha Daskroi

Ahmedabad

WELL - 4 23°1'4.458"N 72°49'1.805"E Demaliya Dehgam

WELL - 5 22°59'47.4"N 72°48'34.4"E Chandiyal Daskroi

WELL - 6 22°58'58.1"N 72°47'02.1"E Bhavda Daskroi

WELL - 7 22°58'40.7297"N 72°47'36.2213"E

WELL - 8 22°57'39.0749"N 72°48'31.2407"E Ranodra Daskroi

Map showing well locations within the block is as shown in Figure 1-4.



Figure 1-4: Map showing location of wells in the block CB ONN-2010/08

Well Location



1.5 SALIENT FEATURE OF SITE

The proposed project site was awarded under NELP-IX bid round. The location, an on

land block, CB-ONN-2010/8 is in Cambay basin. As per various geological studies there

are possibilities of oil and gas in these areas and hence 3D seismic survey is conducted

to find the possible location for establishing the drilling rig.

The salient features of the proposed block location are as mentioned below:

Table 1-4: Salient Features from centre of block in 10 km radius

District Ahmedabad, Kheda and Gandhinagar

State Gujarat

Total area covered by the block 42 sq km.

Nearest road connectivity Ahmedabad – Zalod road passing

within the block

Ahmedabad – Vadodara Express

highway approx 5 Km away from

nearest block boundary

Nearest rail connectivity Ahmedabad (approx 25 Km)

Nearest Lake/ pond/ reservoir/ canal Meshwa River passing from within the

block

Nearest city Nearest city - Ahmedabad

approximately 12 kms

Source of water Tanker Water

Source of electricity D.G. Set

Any Protected areas notified under Wild Life

(Protection) Act, 1972, Notified Eco sensitive area,

Interstate boundary in 10 Km radius

None within the block boundary

Critically polluted area Not Applicable

Procedure for land lease of drilling wells

After the release of the drilling locations for the wells, land parcel, required to prepare

drill site, approach road, etc, will be acquired as per the drilling industry norms.

Valuation of the crops (if any)/land will be assessed as per the Industry standards and

the owner shall be compensated on agreed terms.



Table 1-5: Salient Features of each well site

Well Locations Villages - main

habitation

Village Distance Distance of Road from

well location

WELL - 1 Karoli 1.53 km 0.12 Km (Village road of

Pasunj-Karoli)

WELL - 2 Kodrali 0.48 Km 1.76 Km (Village road of

Pasunj-Karoli)

WELL - 3 Kuha 2.12 Km 0.80 Km (Village road of

Kuha-Pasunj

WELL - 4 Demaliya 0.97 Km 1.05 Km (Village road)

WELL - 5 Chandial 0.41 Km 900 meter (Ahmedabad

Zalod highway)

WELL - 6 Bhavda 1.79 Km 200 meters (Village road)

1.85 Km (Ahmedabad –

Zalod raod)

WELL - 7 Vadod 1 Km 1.85 Km (Village Road to

Chandial)

WELL - 8 Ranodra 1.35 Km 0.14 Km (Village Road)

1.6 COST OF PROJECT

Estimated project cost along with analysis in terms of economic viability of the project

Total project cost: 26 US $ Million

1.7 NEED OF PROJECT

The proposed project is aimed at increasing the production of crude oil and natural gas

towards filling the gap between national demand and supply. The project will also help in

meeting the energy requirements of the nation and generate employment opportunities.

1.8 OBJECTIVE OF PROPOSED DRILLING ACTIVITIES

Secondary study about the overall region reveals that, the block and its surrounding

area has the potential of having oil and gas. On the basis of this assumption, the 3 D

seismic survey of the acquired block has already been carried out to substantiate the

presence of hydrocarbon in that region. On the basis of the interpretation of the seismic



study, BPRL now plans to drill the exploration wells to determine the presence of

hydrocarbon in the geological formation at a depth of upto 1800 – 3500 m.

The basic objectives of the exploratory drilling well will be as follows:

• To determine the presence of potential hydrocarbon in the area

• To plan for the future production of oil & gas from the area

1.9 PURPOSE OF STUDY

The proposed project is considered as category ‘A’ project in Sr. no. 1 (b) i.e. Offshore

and onshore oil and gas exploration, development & production, in the Government of

India Notification no. 1533 dated 14th September, 2006 and amendment thereof; which

requires prior Environmental Clearance before starting construction, production or any

other allied activities related to the project. For obtaining the Environmental Clearance;

it is required to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study and prepare

EIA report as per the Terms of Reference issued by Ministry of Environment & Forest

(MoEF).

For the preparation of EIA study report, BPRL retained M/s Detox Corporation Private

Limited. The accreditation letter of M/s Detox Corporation Private Limited is attached as

Annexure 2.

1.10 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

The objectives of proposed study are as follows

• To assess the overall baseline environmental condition. The major environment

attributes considered for baseline study are Air, Water, Soil, Noise, Land

environment and biotic environment

• To assess baseline socioeconomic conditions of the proposed project block and its

surrounding study area

• To assess impacts due to proposed drilling activity in the surrounding area

• To recommend mitigation measures in order to minimize impacts identified due to

proposed drilling activity

• To adopt suitable environmental action plans and management systems, so as to

implement and monitor the appropriate mitigative measures

• Engage local communities through public consultation program

• Formulate a corporate social responsibility (CSR) plan.



• To identify environmental sensitive features within the block area and places of

architectural and cultural importance, where additional safeguards needs to be

adopted during the drilling operations

1.11 DEFINITION OF EIA

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a formal process used to predict how

industrial development or construction project will affect natural resources such as

water, air, land, socioeconomic and bio ecological environment.

An EIA usually involves a sequence of steps:

• Screening

• Scoping

• Public consultation

• Appraisal

1.12 METHODOLOGY

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies include identification, assessment,

quantitative evaluation and prediction of probable impacts. To minimize the impact of

the project on various environmental attributes, mitigation measures are suggested for

implementation along with the project.

The methodology of this study can be schematized as detailed below:

• Gather information on present environmental conditions, relevant national

environmental guidelines and EIA procedures.

• Propose Terms of Reference based on site specific information

• Assessment of significant impacts.

• Description of residual impacts.

• Description of mitigating, all significant/ residual impacts

• Development of monitoring plans.

To inform the public in the study area and all relevant authorities through public hearing,

regarding the impact of the project on the environment and the proposed mitigation

measures

1.13 SCOPE OF STUDY

The main scope of the study involves carrying out Environmental Impact Assessment

study to identify environmental and social impact of the project and recommend suitable



mitigative measure through environment management plan for the proposed project of

drilling wells. The scope of study includes following issues:

• Detailed review of policy and regulations;

• Conducting site visit to obtain overview of surrounding environmental attributes

and villages

• Understand the basic process details for drilling project

• Collect primary and secondary data through site visit

• Assessment of impact from the project

• Formulation of Environment Management Plan

• Conduct Risk assessment study and disaster management plan

• Carry out public consultation and include the view of stakeholders in the report

The EIA report has been prepared as per the TOR issued by MoEF vide letter no. F. No.

J-11011/324/2013-IA II (I) dated 27th March 2014. The copy of terms of reference is

attached as Annexure 13. The detailed terms of reference and corresponding

compliances are mentioned below:

Table 1-6: TOR Compliance

Sr. no TOR points TOR compliance

1. Executive Summary of the project Executive summary of the

project is attached at page

no. 9

2. Project description, project objectives and project

benefits.

Refer Chapter 2, Section 2.4,

Page no. 36 to 41 for project

description


Page no. 20 for project

objectives

Refer Chapter 7, Page no.

133 for detailed project

benefits

3. A certified copy of the report of the status of compliance

of the conditions stipulated in the environmental

clearance and Consent to Operate for the

ongoing/existing operation of the project by the Regional

Not applicable as the

proposed project is green

field project.




Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests and

SPCB.

4. Site details within 1 km of the each proposed well, any

habitation, any other installation/activity, flora and

fauna, approachability to site, other activities including

agriculture/land, satellite imaginary for 10 km area.

All the geological details shall be mentioned in the

toposheet of 1:40000 scale, superimposing the well

locations and other structures of the projects.


Page 71 for detailed land use

study

The toposheet of same is

attached as annexure 1,

Page no. A-1. The geology

map of area is shown in

Chapter 3, Figure 3-5, Page

no. 64

5. CRZ clearance/ recommendation from State Coastal

Zone Management Authority, if applicable.

Not applicable

6. Details of forest land involved in the proposed project. A

copy of forest clearance letter, if applicable.

Not applicable

7. Permission from the State Forest Department regarding

the impact of the proposed project on the surrounding

National Park/Wild Life Sanctuary/ Reserve Forest/Eco

Sensitive area, if any. Approval obtained from the

State/Central Government under Forest/Conservation

Act,1980 for the forestland shall be submitted.

Not applicable

8. Distance from nearby critically/ severly polluted area as

per Notification, if applicable.

Not applicable

9. Does proposal involves rehabilitation and resettlement?

If yes, details thereof

No

Not applicable

10. Details of Project cost Refer Chapter 1, Section 1.7,

Page no. 20

11. Environmental Consideration in the selection of the

drilling locations for which environmental clearance is

being sought.

Present any analysis suggested for minimizing the foot


Page no. 17 & Section 1.5,

Page no. 19




print giving details of drilling and development options

considered.

12. Baseline data collection for air, water and soil for one

season leaving the monsoon in an area of 10 km radius

with centre of Oil Field as its centre covering the area of

all proposed drilling wells.

(i) Topography of the project site

(ii) Ambient Air Quality monitoring at 8 locations for

PM10, SO2, NOx, VOCs, Methane and non

methane HC

(iii) Soil sample analysis (physical and chemical

properties)at the areas located at 5 locations

(iv) Ground and surface water quality in the vicinity of

the proposed well site.

(v) Climatology and Meteorology including wind speed,

wind direction, temperature rainfall relative

humidity etc.

(vi) Measurement of Noise levels within 1 km radius of

the proposed wells.


Page no. 49 for air

environment


Page no. 55 for baseline

water environment


Page no. 65 for soil

environment

i. Refer Annexure 1,

Page no. A-1 for

topograph map

ii. Refer Chapter 3,

Section 3.2, Page no.

49 for ambient air

quality monitoring

iii. Refer Chapter 3,


65 for soil sample

analysis

iv. Refer Chapter 3,


55 for water quality

v. Refer Chapter 3,


47 for meteorology

data

vi. Refer Chapter 3,


70 for noise quality




(vii) Vegetation and land use, animal Resources. vii. Refer Chapter 3,


71 for land use study

13. Incremental GLC as a result of DG set operation. Refer Chapter 4, Section 4.3,

Page no. 106

14. Potential environmental impact envisages during various

stages of project activities such as site activation,

development, operation/maintenance and

decommissioning.


103 for impact identification

15. Actual source of water and permission for the drawl of

water from the competent Authority. Detailed water

balance, waste water generation and discharge.

Refer Chapter 2, Section

2.5.2, Page no. 43 for water

requirement details and

Section 2.5.3, Page no. 43

for waste water generation

details

16. Noise abatement measures and measures to minimize

disturbance due to light and visual intrusions in case

coastally located.


Page no. 114 for impact and

mitigation measures on noise

environment

The project is not coastally

located hence disturbance

due to light and visual

intrusion not applicable

17. Treatment and disposal of waste water. Refer Chapter 2, Section

2.5.3, Page no. 43

18. Treatment and disposal of solid waste generation. Refer Chapter 2, Section

2.5.6, Page no. 44

19. Disposal of spent oil and rube. Refer Chapter 2, Section

2.5.7, page no. 44

20. Storage of chemicals and diesel at site. Refer Chapter 2, Section

2.5.9, page no. 45

21. Commitment for the use of WBM only. Refer Chapter 2, Section

2.4.3, page no. 37 for mud




system and cuttings

22. Mud Make up and mud and cutting disposal- all options

considered shall be listed with selective option


2.4.3, page no. 37 for mud

system and cuttings


5.1.4, Page no. 120 and

Section 5.3.2, Page no. 125

for detail waste management

plan

23. Hazardous material usage, storage accounting and

disposal.


2.5.7, page no. 44

24. Disposal of packaging waste from site Refer Chapter 2, Section

2.5.9, page no. 45

25. Oil spill emergency plans in respect of recovery/

reclamation

Refer Risk assessment report

26. H2S emission control Refer Risk assessment report

27. Produced oil handling and storage Refer Risk assessment report

28. Details of scheme for oil collection system along with

process flow diagram and its capacity.

Refer Chapter 2, Figure 2-1,

Page no. 34 for detail

process flow diagram

29. Details of control of air, water and noise pollution in oil

collection system.


118 for detail management

plan in order to prevent air,

water and noise pollution

during project activity.

30. Disposal of produced/formation water. Refer Chapter 5, Section

5.1.4, Page no. 120

31. Whether any burn pits being utilized for well test

operations.

No

Not applicable

32. Restoration and Decommissioning plans which shall

include mud pits and wastage restoration also and


2.4.6, page no. 41 and

Chapter 5, Section 5.4, Page




documentation and monitoring of site recovery. no. 126

33. Measure to protect ground water and shallow aquifers

from contamination.

Refer Annexure 7, page no.

A–39 for geohydrology study

34. Risk assessment and disaster management plan for

independent reviews of well designed construction etc for

prevention of blow out

Refer Annexure 11, Page no.

A - 134

35. Environmental management plan Refer Chapter 5, Page no.

118 to 130 for detail

Environment Management

Plan

36. Documentary proof of membership of common disposal

facilities, if any.

Shall be obtained on

commissioning of drilling

activity

37. Details of environmental and safety related

documentation within the company including

documentation and proposed occupational health and

safety surveillance safety Programme for all personnel at

site. This shall also include monitoring programme for

the environmental.


Page no. 128

38. Total capital and recurring cost for environmental control

measures.


Page no. 130

39. A copy of Corporate Environment Policy of the company

as per the Ministry’s O.M No J-11013/41/2006-IA.II(I)

dated 26th april,2011 available on the Ministry’s website.

Refer Annexure 3, Page no.

A-9

40. Any litigation pending against the project and or any

direction/order passed by any court of law against the

project. If so details thereof

No

41. A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of

above TORs.


1.13, Page no. 22



1.14 APPLICABLE LEGISLATION FOR OIL AND GAS PROJECTS

The proposed project will be governed by various Acts, Rules and Regulations set by

Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoEF) at National level and other regulatory agencies

at the State and local level. Central Government has framed “umbrella legislation” called

the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 to broadly encompass and regulate an array of

environmental issues. However the following Table 1-7 gives an idea of the specific

regulatory requirements associated with this particular project during the various phases

of its lifecycle, to assist in complying with the legislation applicable

Table 1-7: Regulatory requirements associated with Oil and Gas Drilling projects

Sr. No. Legislation Areas/ Activities covered

1 Environment (Protection) Act,

1986 with rules

• Overall environmental protection

• Compliance to general environmental (Air,

Water and Noise) standards issued under

Environment (Protection) Rules

• Disposal of solid waste, drill cutting and

drilling fluid for drilling operations notified vide

notification GSR 546 (E) dated 30th August

2005

• Compliance of MINAS of oil drilling and Gas

Extraction industry as notified vide notification

dated GSR 176 (E) April 1996

2 Petroleum and Natural Gas

Rules, 1959 under Oilfields

(Regulation and Development)

Act, 1948

• Requires to obtain Exploration License for Oil

and Gas from the State Government to

identify the prospects of a particular area and

to follow the instructions mentioned there

3 Production Sharing Contract • It demands impact assessment study for

exploratory drilling operations to prepare EIA

along with EMP and approval of the same from

the Central Government (Ministry of

Environment and Forest)

4 Siting Guidance • Follow siting Guidance as far as practicable

• Avoid sites which are environmentally

sensitive




5 EIA Notification, 2006 under

the EPA, 1986

• It demands all offshore and onshore oil and

gas exploration, development and production

projects to get Environmental Clearance from

MoEF; however the seismic activity is

exempted from the Environment clearance

6 Oil Mines Regulations 1984

(OMR) under the Mines Act

1952

• Covers safety aspects, storage of material and

protection against pollution of environment at

drill site

7 Air (Prevention & Control of

Pollution) Act, 1981 with Rules

• Protection of Air Quality

• Consent to Establish (NOC) from SPCB for

establishing and Consent to Operate (CTO) for

activities casing air pollution from D G set

• Compliance to National Ambient Air Quality

Standards

8 Water (Prevention & Control of

Pollution) Act, 1974 with Rules

• Protection of water quality

• Discharge of sewage

• Obtaining Consent to Establish (NOC) for

establishing and Consent to Operate (CTO) for

activities causing water pollution from SPCB

9 Noise Pollution (Regulation

and Control) Rules, 2000

• Ensure compliance with Ambient Noise

standards in accordance to land use of the

area

10 Hazardous Waste

(Management & Handling

Rules, 2002) as amended

• Obtaining Authorization from SPCB for

handling and storing of hazardous waste like

drilling cuttings, waste oil etc

• Following guidance for handling and storing of

such hazardous waste

11 Manufacture, Storage &

Import of Hazardous

Chemicals Rules, 2000 (as

amended)

• Notifying regulatory authority (in this case,

the State Factories Inspectorate) of storage of

hazardous substance like Petroleum products

• Follow guidance on such storage, maintain

update MSDS, submit annual Safety Report to




authority

• Prepare Onsite Emergency Plan

12 Motor Vehicle Act (MVA) and

Rules 1989 (MVR)

• Pollution Under Control Certificate (PUCC) will

be require for all the vehicles operating within

the site

• Proper labeling of the vehicles carrying

hazardous substances

13 Petroleum Act with Rules 2000 • Obtain License for Storage of Petroleum

Substances

• Comply with guidance and safety measures for

storage and transportation of petroleum

substances for the project

14 The Explosive Acts, 1984 with

Rules

• Obtain license for storage of explosives

• Comply with guidance and safety measures for

storage and transportation of petroleum

substances for the project

15 The Wildlife (Protection) Act

1972

• Refers protection to the species of flora and

fauna and wild life habitat to establish a

network of ecologically important protected

areas

16 The Ancient Monuments and

Archeological Sites and

Remains Act, 1958 and Rules,

1959

• Refers protection of archaeological sites,

ancient monuments and demands fencing or

covering and/ or otherwise preserving such

monuments and sites

The detail description discussing some of the specific regulatory requirement associated

with this particular project along with some of the common legislation and rules &

regulations, applicable to the proposed drilling operation is attached as Annexure 4.



1.15 STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT

This report is organized in nine sections:

Chapter. no. EIA structure Content

1 Introduction Purpose of the report

Identification of project & project proponent

Brief description of nature, size, location of the

project and its importance to the country, region

Scope of the study – details of regulatory scoping

carried out (As per Terms of Reference)

2 PrOJECT Description Depicts the details of the proposed project,

auxiliary and supporting facilities. It includes

technology and process description

3 Baseline study Baseline environmental conditions within the block

boundary. Data pertaining to the ambient air

quality, surface and ground water quality, soil

quality, land-use pattern, flora – fauna study and

socioeconomic environment has been presented

4 Impact identification &

mitigation measures

Predicted environmental impacts due to

construction and operational phases of the

proposed drilling well installation. Air quality

modeling results and minimum required stack

heights, water requirement - wastewater

generation and solid and hazardous waste

handling requirements have been discussed. In

addition to this the likely residual impacts on the

ecological and biological environment and

socioeconomic aspects have been analyzed

5 environment management

plan

Various environmental management plans. Various

resources conservation and recycling opportunities

has been discussed

6 environment monitoring plan Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness

of mitigation measures (incl. frequency, location,

data analysis, reporting schedules, detailed

budget)



Chapter. no. EIA structure Content

7 Project benefit Improvements in the physical infrastructure

Improvements in the social infrastructure

Employment potential –skilled; semi-skilled and

unskilled

Other tangible benefits

8 Summary & Conclusion Project summary and conclusion

9 Disclosure of consultant The names of the Consultants engaged with their

brief resume and nature of Consultancy rendered



Chapter 2 Project Description

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The life cycle of drilling activities involve well site selection, site and access road

preparation and its maintenance, construction of drilling well, drilling activities, well

testing and decommissioning and closure of wells, if not proved economically viable for

production of oil and gas. The following flow chart shows the various phases of the

drilling activities and model of drilling process respectively:

Figure 2-1: Flow chart showing various phases of drilling activities

The various activities involved as a part of the drilling of exploration wells are described

in detail in subsequent sections.

2.1 SITE SELECTION

The exploration history of the area exhibits the potential presence of the oil and gas in

the region. Although the exact location of the wells has not been finalized, however the

seismic survey for initial assessment is complete. The data interpretation of the seismic

survey would decide the exact locations of the drilling well; however, the wells will be

strictly confined within the acquired block itself.

Site selection

Temporary land acquisition on

lease

Site & assess road

preparation

Drilling activities

Well testing

Decommissioning and closure of

wells



2.2 LAND ACQUISITION

The land within the block will not be taken completely for drilling of well. An area of

about 120 m × 120 m would be taken on temporary lease basis for the construction of

well pad, drill site, etc.

Site & Assess road preparation

The site is already well connected with the Ahmedabad Zalod road passing within the

block and Ahmedabad-Vadodara Express highway. The internal village roads can be used

by BPRL for transportation of machineries, equipments and drilling crew members.

Additionally strengthening of the existing approach road to the site can be done if

required for transportation of drilling rig and associated equipment.

2.3 SITE PREPARATION

Site preparation will involve all activities required to facilitate the operation of the drilling

rig & associated equipments and machineries. During the initial stage, the drilling site

will be elevated to about 2.0 m from the existing ground level with minimal clearance of

existing ground vegetation. The loose top soil will be removed by using mechanical

means like dozer and saved at a nearby place for later use during site restoration.

Leveling and compaction will be done with the help of graders and mechanical rollers.

The land filling materials and rubbles will be required for the purpose of site preparation

in sufficient amount. All such materials will be obtained by BPRL through contractors and

it will be ensured that they source the material from government approved borrows and

quarries, if possible as per the requirement. A backhole will be used for all excavation

and cutting activities (for construction of pits) on site. Subsequently, the proposed well

site & campsite will be duly fenced using chain link and barbed wires.

Platforms for drill pad and all other heavy equipment systems or machinery, cast in-situ

Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) will be used for the construction of foundation

system. The ring foundation will be of 20 m X 20 m in size and will have an elevation of

0.6 m. For making the foundations of main rig structure, cast in-situ bored under-

reamed piles of specified lengths will also be used. The elevated structures will have

proper garland drains for storm water with sufficient gradient, made of brick masonry, to

take care of surface runoff water.

Specially designed pit of an impervious HDPE liner of 1-1.5 mm thickness will be

provided as part of the site development for disposal of drilling waste in the form of

spent drilling mud & cuttings. In addition to that, a cuttings pit of 28m X 24m for

disposal of drill cuttings and two waste pits of 17 m X 12 m for disposal of drilling mud

and rig wash water will be provided.



A composite of size 100 X 50 m, elevated to the height as that of the drilling site

(approx. 2.0 m),will be set up adjoining the well site. Local earth and rubble will be used

as the fill material. The rubble will be of 60 cms and the filling material will be for the

remaining 40 cms. The surface will have a 150 mm thick Water Based Mud (WBM) layer.

Proper surface gradients and brick masonry drains will take care of the run-off water,

where as separate septic tanks and soak pits will be provided along with the labour camp

for disposal of domestic waste water.

The transport of the Rig including auxiliary equipments and camp facilities to the site are

expected to comprise around 20-25 truck loads. Through the rig and related equipments

will be directly brought to site, spares, mud preparing chemicals and other materials will

be stored at a warehouse near to the site and will be de-mobilized directly from the site,

during the operations- with some stock at the drilling site itself.

2.4 DRILLING ACTIVITIES

2.4.1 Initial Well Construction

Wells will be drilled in sections, with the diameter of each section decreasing with

increasing depth. Before commencing the actual drilling, large diameter pipe (Conductor)

will be lowered into a hole and cemented/grouted. Conductor pipes provide a conduit for

the return fluid during drilling next section and also prevent whole unconsolidated

material falling into hole and potential washout problems. Typical depths of such pipes

are 6 m.

The lengths and diameters of each section of the well will be determined prior to the

starting of the drilling activities and are dependent on the geological conditions through

which the well is to be drilled. Once each section of the well is completed, the drill string

is lifted and protective steel pipe or casing lowered into the well and cemented into

place. The casing helps to maintain the stability of the hole and reduce fluid losses from

the well bore into surrounding rock formations.

2.4.2 The Drilling Process

The exploitation of hydrocarbons requires the construction of a conduit between the

surface and the reservoir, which is achieved by the drilling process.

All the eight exploration wells within the block will be drilled using an Electrical Land Rig

of around 1200-1500 HP capacity, equipped with a Rotary/Top Drive System. The typical

configuration of a Drilling Rig along with the layout plan is shown in the Figure 2-2.

BPRL will appoint a Drilling Contractor to carry out the drilling work. To support the

drilling operation, the following systems and services will be included at the rig package:

• Portable Living Quarters – to house essential personnel on site on a 24 hr basis.



• These units are provided with Bath/Washroom.

• Crane-age-cranes for loading/off loading equipment and supplies.

• Emergency System – it includes fire detection and protection equipment.

• Environmental protection – Blow out Prevention (BOP) system, waste water

treatment unit, cuttings handling equipment.

Additionally, there will be other ancillary facilities like Drilling mud system, Cuttings

disposal, Drill Cementing equipments etc. and utilities to supply power (DG Sets), water,

fuel (HSD) to the drilling process and will be set up as a part of the project.

Figure 2-2:Typical configuration of Drilling Rig

2.4.3 Mud System and Cuttings

During drilling operations a fluid known as drilling fluid (or ‘mud’) is pumped through the

drill string down to the drilling bit and returns between the drill pipe – casing annulus up

to surface back into the circulation system after separation of drill cuttings/solids

through solid control equipment. Drilling fluid is important to the operation of drilling rig,

as it performs the following functions:

• Control the down hole pressure;

• Lift soil/rock cuttings from the bottom of the borehole and carry them to a

settling pit;



• Allow cuttings to drop out in the mud pit so that they are not re-circulated

(influenced by mud thickness, flow rate in the settling pits and shape /size of the

pits);

• Prevent cuttings from rapidly settling while another length of drill pipe is being

added (if cuttings drop too fast, they can build up on top of the bit and seize it in

the hole);

• Create a film of small particles on the borehole wall to prevent caving and to

ensure that the upward flowing stream of drilling fluid does not erode the

adjacent formation;

• Seal the borehole wall to reduce fluid loss (minimizing volumes of drilling fluid is

especially important in dry areas where water must be carried from far away);

• Cool & clean the drill bit; and

• Lubricate the bit, bearings, mud pump and drill pipe.

It has been decided that a uniform environment–friendly water–based mud system will

be used for all the exploratory wells. Unlike an oil-based mud system, the use of water-

based mud will not pose higher risk of contamination to subsurface formations, but the

disposal of the fluid and the cuttings will be less problematic. Because of the anticipated

borehole instability problems it may be necessary to introduce a base salt, such as

Potassium Sulphate (K2SO4) into the system. Base salt additions will only be considered

after all commonly accessed freshwater aquifers have been securely cased and cemented

off. However, the ground water level in this region lies at very lower depth below the

ground.

The mud used during the operation will flush out formation cuttings from the well hole.

These cuttings will be separated from the drilling mud using a solids-control and waste

management package. This will comprise a stepped system of processes consisting of

linear motion vibrating screens called shakers and centrifuges to mechanically separate

cutting from the mud fluid. The mud from the hole is first screened in the shakers

through a mud flow line which separates 100 micron size of cuttings. The solids upto 2

micron are separated in a centrifuge. The mud is then collected in mud tanks. Both the

cuttings from the shale shakers and centrifuge are collected in a solid discharge pit and

then removed to a specially designed pit lined with HDPE of 20m x 25m x 1.5m

dimension. This cuttings pit has a certain slope to drain off water in the adjacent waste

pit. This pit after being filled up shall be covered with an impervious liner over which a

thick layer of native top-soil with proper top slop will be provided. The total amount of

mud cuttings produce during the entire drilling period is projected to be about 500 - 800

MT per well.



Once the cutting have been separated, the drilling fluid will be reused or processed after

further treatment in a chemically enhanced dewatering (CED) system designed to

remove suspended solids that are too fine for mechanical separation in the solids control

package. The CED system comprises a chemical mixing and dosing unit and decanting

centrifuges. The unusable portion of the drilling mud after dewatering shall be disposed

on-site in a lined pit (HDPE 1-1.5mm thickness) conforming to the regulatory

requirements. The drilling and wash waste water will be confined to a similar HDPE lined

waste pit and then disposed into nearby natural drain after adequate treatment

complying with the notified standards for disposal. Dilution in case of marginal excess of

standards can be ensured prior to disposal conforming to regulatory requirements.

The whole process by which the drilling fluid will be reused during the drilling operation

is commonly known as a “closed loop system.” This system is ideal for drilling operations

in those areas, where water availability is comparatively less as it cuts down the total

water consumption for the formulation of drilling mud and also saves the consumptions

of chemicals. The drilling fluid circulation system is likely to be considered to enable the

drilling fluid to be recycled and maintained in good condition throughout the operation.

Figure 2-3 shows the schematic layout of drilling mud & solids discharge involved as a

part of the drilling system for exploratory wells.

Figure 2-3: Flow Chart for Drilling Mud and Solid Discharge



The mud chemicals will be added to the mud system to adjust the mud properties and to

ensure the following functions:

Fluid loss control

A thin cake of cohesive mud on the wall of the well bore retards passage of liquid into

the surrounding rock formation. Bentonite as well as naturally occurring additives such

as starch and cellulose are used.

Lost circulation

Naturally occurring fibrous, filamentous granular or flake materials are used to stop lost

circulation when a drill bit enters a porous or fractured formation. Typical materials

include ground nut shell and mica (max. 30%).

Lubricity

Normally the drill fluid is sufficient to lubricate and cool the bit. However, under extreme

loading, other lubricants are added to prevent the drill string from becoming stuck.

Shale inhibition

Potassium assists in the hydration of shale which in turns prevents their sloughing into

the well bore. This potassium ion is normally introduced to the mud via potassium

chloride (KCl). In this well, to minimize any impact on the environment, potassium

sulphate (K2 SO4) will be used.

pH control

Caustic and lime are used to control the alkalinity of the fluid to a pH of 9 to 10. This

ensures the optimum performance of the polymers in the fluid and controls bacterial

activity.

Pressure control

Barite is generally used as weighting agent to control down hole pressure

Cementing Program

Cementing is a necessary aspect of exploratory drilling oil and gas wells. Cement is used

to fulfill the following works:

• Secure/support casting strings

• Isolate zones for production purposes

Cementing generally utilize Portland cement (API Class G Oil Well Cement) with various

additives in small quantities as accelerators/retarders, density adjusters, dispersants,

fluid loss additives, anti gas migration additives etc.



2.4.4 Well evaluation

During the drilling operations for different zone logging operations will be undertaken to

get information on the potential type and quantities of hydrocarbons present in the

target formations.

Technicians employed by a specialist logging Service Company do well logging by

different well logging techniques including electric, sonic, and radioactive techniques.

Logging instruments (sensors) are attached to the bottom of the wire line and lowered to

the bottom of the well and they are then slowly brought back. The devices read different

data as they pass each formation and record it on graphs, which will be interpreted by

the geologist and geophysicist and drilling engineer. No emissions to the environment or

any environmental harm is associated with wire line logging operations. The radioactive

source required for well logging will be kept in specially designed container.

In this drilling procedure, once the drilling is over the well evaluation will be done by

using electric wire line logs to assess the potential of the reservoir. This typically involves

sampling the reservoir formation and pressure points during the logging operations and

reduces the requirements of flow hydrocarbons to the surface, significantly reducing the

atmospheric emission associated with the testing operation.

Normally in this event that hydrocarbons are encountered in sufficient quantities, as

determined by electric wire line logs, a temporary drill stem test string may be run and

the well fluids followed to surface and processed using a surface well testing package,

involving the oil being stored and trucked off the site and associate gas being flared to

atmosphere.

2.4.5 Completion of drilling

On completion of activities, the well will be either plugged and suspended (if the well

evaluations indicate commercial quantities of hydrocarbons) or will be killed or

permanently abandoned. In the event of decision to suspend the well, it will be filled

with a brine solution containing very small quantities of inhibitors to protect the well. The

well will be sealed with current plugs and some of the wellhead equipment (blind flange)

will be left on the surface (Cellar).

If the well is abandoned, it will be sealed with the series of the cement plugs, all the

wellhead equipment will be removed, by leaving the surface clear of any debris and the

site will be restored.

2.4.6 Decommissioning & closure of wells

After the completion of the drilling activity, partial de-mobilization of the drilling rig and

associated infrastructure will be initialed. As discussed earlier, well testing may be



carried out immediately after the drilling is completed. The complete demobilization of

the facilities at site will happen once well testing completed successfully. This will involve

the dismantling of the rig, all associated equipment and residential camp, and

transporting it out of the project area. It is expected that demobilization will take

approximately 20 -25 days and will involve the trucking away of materials, equipments

and other materials from the site to bring it back to its original condition. It is estimated

that around 50 truck loads will be transported out of site during this period.

If no indication of any commercial viable amount of oil or gas is encountered either

before or after testing, the well will be declared dry and encountered either before or

after testing, the well will be declared dry and accordingly will be plugged of and

abandoned, and the site will be restored in the line with regulation and good industry

practice. The following steps will be typically involved to restore and rehabilitate the

area:

• The wetland and all casing string will be cut off to a minimum depth of 3 m (10

ft) below ground level

• All concrete structure will be broken up, and the debris disposed off as per the

regulatory requirements.

• All other waste products, solids and liquid, will be disposed of in accordance with

the requirement of the EIA and will be treated to render them harmless.

• All fencing and access gates will be removed

• All pits whose contents will show regulatory compliance for onsite disposal, at the

time of site closure will be backfilled and closed out as per the legal requirements.

• Restoration of unusable portion of the access track, removal of pilling and

landscaping.

2.5 UTILITIES & RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS

The utilities considered for the proposed drilling operation include requirement of skilled

as well as unskilled workers, place for accommodation for outside workers, availability of

roads for movement of personnel and machineries, power, fuel and water requirement

for drilling & associated activities, place for waste dumping and other infrastructure

facilities. The details on these aspects are presented in this section:

2.5.1 Manpower Requirement and Accommodation:

The project will be employing considerable manpower for all the phases. The sites

preparation phase of 60 days will employ on an average about 35 to 40 workmen.



The total number of personnel involved in the drilling activities is expected to be about

40. At any time there will be around 40 staff including security personnel on the well

site, thus a camp site will be set up to provide boarding & logding. Rest of the staff (if

required), will be housed in nearby hotels or in the temporary camps within the nearby

villages and will continue to travel regularly to the well site.

It is to be mentioned here, that the site preparation activities including the

transportation of heavy equipment and machinery to site may involve temporary shifting

of some existing utilities like overhead power lines, water pipelines which will be restored

by BPRL on top priority basis.

2.5.2 Water Requirements

The water shall be obtained from Tanker water. The total requirement of water per well

will be approximately 35 KLD.

The drilling operation and maintenance of the drill site facilities have various water

requirements. The most significant of these requirements in terms of quantity is that for

mud preparation. The other requirements would be for engine cooling, floor/ equipment /

string washing, sanitation, fire-fighting storage/ make-up and drinking. The requirement

of water as a provision-for emergency fire fighting and make-up of the same will have to

be made on a regular basis. The domestic water requirement will be 12 KLD.

During construction and site preparation (before start of drilling operation) water

requirement will be approximately 10-12 KLD.

2.5.3 Waste water Generation

Waste water generated from the drilling activities will be in form of produce water.

The drilling operation would generate wastewater in the form of wash water due to

washing of equipment, string etc. The only other source of wastewater is sewage

generated from sanitation facilities, which shall be disposed through septic tanks.

Wastewater generated during drilling operations shall be in the form of drill cutting

washings. Quantity of wastewater generated will be around 5 KLD from single well. The

wash water would contain variable quantities of mineral salts, solids, suspended and

dissolved hydrocarbons, and other organic and inorganic components in very minor

quantities.

2.5.4 Power supply & fuel consumption

Electricity shall be obtained from DG set. The total power requirement for the proposed

project is given in Table 2-1.



Table 2-1: Electricity allocation

Source Capacity Fuel consumption per hour

D.G Set for Drilling 4 x 500 KVA 5-6 KLD

D.G Set for camp 1 x 100 KVA

2.5.5 Stack Details

The emissions to the atmosphere from the drilling operations shall be from the diesel

engines and flaring of associated gas. Flare stack of 30 m height will be provided. The

DG set emissions shall be through a narrow vent & adequate stack height for effective

pollution dispersion. The detail specification of stack is mentioned in Chapter 4, Table

4-1, Page no. 108.

2.5.6 Solid Waste Management

Waste drilling mud and drill cuttings of around 500 - 800 MT would be generated from

each well. In addition to this, the domestic waste will be generated from drilling crew

accommodation camps.

The drilling mud and drill cuttings will be separated in the solid control system and

conveyed to a specially designed pit (lined with HDPE) for temporary storage. The

cuttings so stored will then be treated and disposed in accordance with CPCB regulations

specified for onshore oil & gas industry. The domestic waste will be separated based on

their types & will be sent through the contractors to approved municipal sites.

Table 2-2: Solid waste generated at exploratory drilling site

Sr.No Solid waste generated Approximate quantity

per drilling operation

1 Drill cuttings 500 - 800 MT per well

2 Drilling Mud

3 Domestic Waste 15 Kg/day

2.5.7 Hazardous Waste

The hazardous waste generated from the proposed drilling project will be mainly used oil

and oil sludge.



Table 2-3: Hazardous waste generation

Waste Quantity

Used oil 15 liters/year

Oily sludge 4 scm/year

2.5.8 Resources & Chemical Usage

Various chemicals will be used during the drilling phase, mainly for preparation of drilling

mud. At the planning stage, an estimate of potential usage for every chemical will be

made and documented in Chemical Usage Tracking sheet. During the operation phase

also, chemical usage will be monitored and efforts will be made to reduce or conserve its

usages much as technically feasible.

2.5.9 Other infrastructural facility

Warehouse: BPRL will construct a ware house facility for temporary storage of

cementing materials, various chemicals and HSD; Steel casting pipes and materials;

Tools and other requirements etc. The warehouse will be dismantled later on. The

approximate dimension of the warehouse would be 500-800 sqm, depending on the

quantity of materials to be supplied to the original well locations.

Logistics: as mentioned earlier, the site is well connected to western railway track and

road network. The internal village roads within the blocks are also well developed, which

can be used as means of transportation of vehicles and machineries within the sites and

materials from the warehouse to the site. However the temporary new approach road

can be constructed, if required and existing roads may be improved for smooth and

hassle free movement of personnel as well as materials and machineries.

Hired vehicles would be used for carrying personnel as well as equipment to the site. The

heavy vehicles like trucks and tankers would be used for movement of materials and

equipments: where as light motor vehicles would carry personnel to the site.

Storage: Most of the chemicals to be used for mud-preparation are expected to be of

non-hazardous nature. The chemicals shall be stored in drums / bags in a separate

storage area under a shed. Besides, the fuel, lubricants shall be stored in drums and

necessary safety measures for the same shall be taken.

Produce oil generated will be collected in drums and transferred to tankers. The tankers

shall be than transported to the identified godown.

The drilling sites will have following facilities for storage of wastes:



• All waste materials will be stored in the appropriate waste collection containers

prior to being sent to authorized disposal contractors.

• Storage areas for waste on the sites will be designed to contain spills and leaks

and will be secured to prevent theft prior to disposal or destruction.

• Different types of waste would not be mixed together.

• All waste, hazardous or otherwise, will be identified and labelled when stored and

transported.

• Hazardous wastes, if generated, would be segregated into various waste streams,

stored in appropriate containers and transported for disposal to an approved

common hazardous waste treatment, stabilisation and disposal facility

(CHWTSDF) i.e. landfill site.



Chapter 3 Baseline Environment

3 BASELINE STUDY

This chapter comprises of the present environment scenario with respect to ambient air,

water, soil, noise, socioeconomic data, flora and fauna and land use/ land cover of the

project site and the surrounding villages/ area in 10 Km radius.

The parameters corresponding to air, water, soil and noise, land use and bio ecology are

individually discussed in the upcoming sections. The photographs of baseline monitoring

are attached as Annexure 5.

3.1 METEOROLOGY STUDY

Online meteorology station was set at the project site and accordingly wind rose was

prepared to determine the predominant wind direction

The meteorology parameters studied at the project site are as below

Table 3-1: Meteorology Data

Parameters Min-Max observed

Wind speed 0 m/s – 9 m/s

Predominant Wind direction North West to South East

Temperature 12 °C – 45 °C

Relative humidity 13 % – 92 %

Wind rose diagram for the study area was prepared and the predominant wind direction

observed during the study period was North West to South East. The wind rose diagram

for the study period (March - May 2014) is as shown in Figure 3-1. The dominant

stability class during the study period of three month was found to be F (stable). The

dominant stability class was calculated based on the mixing height data using ISC – ST 3

air modeling software. The graph for same is depicted in Figure 3-2.



Figure 3-1: Wind Rose Diagram



Figure 3-2: Wind Class & Stability Class Frequency Distribution

3.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

3.2.1 Study period and area

The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out in 10 Km radius from the project site

during summer season for three month (March 2014 to May 2014) as per the TOR issued

by MoEF.

3.2.2 Details of Parameter monitored and analysis method adopted

The parameters were selected based on the TOR issued by MoEF. The list of parameters

monitored with the analysis method is as mentioned below:



Table 3-2: Analysis methods

Parameter Frequency of

monitoring

Analysis method Detection

limit

Instrument Details

PM10 Twice in week

for 24 hours

IS – 5182 (Part – 23): 2006 1.0 µg/m3 PM10 & PM2.5 Sampler /

Weigh Balance

PM2.5 Twice in week

for 24 hours

USEPA Quality Assurance Handbook ,

Vol. II, Part – II, Quality Assurance

Guidance Document 2.12,

8.0 µg/m3 PM10 & PM2.5 sampler/

Weigh Balance

SOx Twice in week

for 24 hours

IS – 5182 (Part – 2) : RA 1.6 µg/m3

PM10 & PM2.5 Sampler

/ Spectrophotometer

NOx Twice in week

for 24 hours

IS – 5182 (Part – VI) : 2006 5.5 µg/m3

PM10 & PM2.5 Sampler /

Spectrophotometer

VOC as BTX Twice in week Charcoal adsorption 0.1 ppm Gas Chromatography

HC

(methane &

non

methane)

Twice in week Grab sampling 0.1 ppm Gas Chromatography

3.2.3 Air Monitoring Locations

Total 10 monitoring locations were considered for the study of ambient air quality in the

study area. The locations were selected based on the TOR issued by MoEF and CPCB

guidelines for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring. Two downwind and two upwind directions

were selected for air quality monitoring.



Figure 3-3: Air Monitoring Locations with respect to wind rose on site map of study area

AQ 1

AQ 2

AQ 3

AQ 4

AQ 5

AQ 7

AQ 8

AQ 10

AQ 9 AQ 6

N

N



The details of monitoring locations are as mentioned in the table below

Table 3-3: Air Monitoring Locations

Sampling Station Code Location as per wind regime

Latitude

Longitude

Bhatpura AQ 1 Downwind 22˚59’16.45 ” N

72˚ 48’ 40.22” E

Kuha AQ 2 Upwind 23˚00’ 02.90” N 72˚ 47’ 45.22” E

Kaniyal AQ 3 Downwind 22˚58’ 02.64 ”N 72˚ 50’ 12.38” E

Pasunj AQ 4 Crosswind 23˚02’ 15.05” N 72˚ 47’ 58.28” E

Pashuniya AQ 5 Crosswind 23˚01’ 40.60” N 72˚ 49’ 19.10” E

Demaliya AQ 6 Crosswind 23˚ 01’02.15” N 72˚ 49’ 37.68” E

Khujad AQ 7 Crosswind 23˚ 00’11.89 ”N 72˚ 44’ 08.42” E

Chandiyal AQ 8 Crosswind 23˚00’ 15.98” N 72˚ 49’ 10.16” E

Kuvadthal AQ 9 Upwind 23˚ 01’56.96 ”N 72˚ 45’ 36.36” E

Vadod AQ 10 Crosswind 22˚58’ 27.34” N 72˚ 47’ 40.24” E

3.2.4 Baseline Data

The observed 24-hour Minimum, Maximum and average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5

SO2, NOx, VOC as BTX (i.e. Benzene, Toluene, Xylene) and HC as methane and non

methane have been presented in table below



Table 3-4: Concentration of Various Pollutants

Parameters Observed values, µg/m3

SAMPLING LOCATIONS NAAQS 2009 Standards

24 hourly, µg/m3

AQ 1 AQ 2 AQ 3 AQ 4 AQ 5 AQ 6 AQ 7 AQ 8 AQ 9 AQ 10

100 PM10

Minimum 79 90 80 70 89 81 63 86 78 88

Maximum 100 129 107 93 110 99 104 105 109 118

Average 89 108 93 82 99 90 88 94 94 100

98 Percentile 99 129 107 92 109 98 103 104 108 118

PM2.5 Minimum 51 38 42 30 29 20 45 25 20 17 60

Maximum 60 49 55 48 55 58 55 42 55 42

Average 56 43 49 39 41 39 50 34 38 29

98 Percentile 60 49 54 47 54 57 55 42 54 41

SOx Minimum 4.48 2.99 4.48 4.48 5.97 2.99 5.97 1.49 1.49 8.96 80

Maximum 31.36 31.36 20.91 20.91 20.91 20.91 20.91 17.92 31.36 31.36

Average 13.07 10.39 10.89 11.45 12.38 9.02 12.44 9.21 10.64 14.25

98 Percentile 31 31 20 20 20 18 20 17 31 26

NOx Minimum 7.21 10.45 9.20 10.20 9.45 7.96 8.21 3.23 8.21 7.21 80

Maximum 21.15 28.11 22.14 20.15 23.14 36.07 15.17 22.14 25.13 21.15

Average 15.88 18.18 17.05 15.47 15.80 21.92 12.35 16.53 15.65 15.88

98 Percentile 21 27 22 20 22 35 15 22.14 24 21

VOC Minimum ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ----

Maximum ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND



Parameters Observed values, µg/m3

SAMPLING LOCATIONS NAAQS 2009 Standards

24 hourly, µg/m3

Average ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

98 Percentile ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

HC Minimum ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ----

Maximum ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Average ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

98 Percentile ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

ND: Not detected Detection limit for VOC as BTX: 0.1 ppm Detection limit for HC: 0.1 ppm

The detail monitoring results are attached as Annexure 6.



PM10

Average Concentration of PM10 was found within the CPCB limits at all the monitoring

stations except Kuha and Vadod whereas 98th percentile value exceeded the CPCB limits

at Kuha , Kaniyal , Pashuniya , Demaliya , Khujad , Chandiyal, Kuvadthal and Vadod.

The higher side concentration was observed due to transportation activities in the

vicinity.

PM2.5

Average Concentration of PM2.5 was found below the limits prescribed by CPCB. Average

concentration for PM2.5 ranged between 29 μg/m3 to 56 μg/m3.

SOx

Average Concentration ranged between 9.02 μg/m3 to 14.25 μg/m3 and is well below the

CPCB limits.

NOx

Average Concentration ranged between 12.35 μg/m3 to 21.92 μg/m3 and is well below

the CPCB limits.

VOC

VOC were not detected during the study period.

HC

HC were not detected during the study period.

3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT

3.3.1 Baseline study

Total Twelve nos. of sample for ground water (as per TOR) and four surface water

samples were collected to evaluate the water quality around 10 Km radius from the

project site.

3.3.2 Study period and sampling frequency

The water samples were collected once during the study period during summer season

as per the TOR issued by MoEF.

3.3.3 Details of Parameter monitored and analysis method adopted

The analysis method followed for measuring different parameters to evaluate water

quality is given in the table below.



Table 3-5: Analysis method for water parameters

Sr No. Parameter Units Applicable standard method of analysis Detection limit

1. Electrical conductivity Umho/cm

IS – 3025 (Part –14) -1984 (1st Revision) (Reaffirmed - 1996)

1

2. pH -- Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed. 4500 pH. 4-91. IS – 3025 (Part –11) -1983 (First Revision) (Reaffirmed -2002)

1

3. Nitrite (NO2) mg/l IS- 3025 ( Part – 34 – 4 ) 0.1 4. Nitrate (NO3) mg/l IS – 3025( Part – 34) 1988

Chromo tropic Acid method 0.1

5. Phosphorus as phosphate

mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed. 4500 P .D.4- 154.

0.02

6. Potassium mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22ND ED 3500 – K 21st Ed B. 3 -87.

2

7. Calcium (Ca) mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed 3500 Ca – B. 3 – 67.

2.0

8. Magnesium (Mg) mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed 3500 – Mg - B. 3 – 84 Calculation Method

2.0

9. Carbonate (CO3) mg/l IS – 3025 (Part –51) -2001- Calculation Method

5

10. Bicarbonates (HCO3) mg/l IS – 3025 (Part –51) -2001- Calculation Method

5

11. Hardness as Ca CO3 mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed. 2340 C. 2- 44

2

12. Alkalinity mg/l IS – 3025 (Part –23) -1986 (1st Revision) (Reaffirmed - 1998)

5

13. Chlorides (Cl) mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed. 4500 Cl. B. 4 –72. IS – 3025 (Part –32) -1988 (Reaffirmed - 1999)

1

14. Sulphate (SO4) mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed 4500 E. 4- 190

2

15. COD mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed. 5220. B. 5- 19 Open Reflux Method

2

16. Silica (SiO2) mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22ND ED. 4500-D.4-169

0.12

17. Fluoride mg/l APHA 22ND ED, 4500-F-, D, 4-87 SPADNS Method.

0.05

18. Boron mg/l Standard Method: APHA 22ND ED 4500 B., Pg no: 4-25.

0.01

19. TDS mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed. 2540 C. 2- 65 IS – 3025 (Part – 16) -1984 (1st Revision) (Reaffirmed -1996)

4

20. DO mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed. 4500 – O – C , 4– 139. IS – 3025 (Part –38) -(Reaffirmed - 1999)

1.0

21. BOD (5 days) mg/l IS – 3025 (Part –44) -1993 (1st Revision)(Reaffirmed -1999) BOD 3- days at 27° C.

4.0

22. Sodium mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd ED 3500 - Na . B. 3 -97 .

2.0



Sr No. Parameter Units Applicable standard method of analysis Detection 23. TON mg/l Standard Methods – APHA 22nd Ed. 4500

– NH3 B & C. 4 – 131 --

24. Sodium absorption ration

mg/l Calculative Method -

25. Total coliforms, MPN/100 ml

APHA & AWWA 21st edition -

3.3.4 Water Sampling Locations

Water sampling locations for ground and surface water samples are as mentioned in

Table 3-6.

Figure 3-4: Water Monitoring Locations

Surface water

Ground water N



Table 3-6: Water Monitoring Locations

Monitoring

Location

Station

code

Source of

water

Date of sampling

GROUND WATER

Bhatpura GW 1 Bore well 13/5/20114

Vadod

GW 2 Bore well 13/5/20114

Khodi (Vadod)


Kaniyal


Kuvadthal


Pasunj GW 6 Bore well 14/5/2014

Kuha 1


Kuha 2


Pasuniya GW 9 Bore well 14/5/2014

Demaliya


Chamla


Kujad


SURFACE WATER Bhatpura SW 1 Village pond 13/5/2014

Kuvadthal 1

SW 2 Village pond 14/5/2014

Kuvadthal 2


Pasunj




3.3.5 Ground Water Quality

The baseline ground water quality observed during the study period at the above locations is as mentioned in Table 3-7

Table 3-7: Ground Water Quality

Sr.

No.

Parameters Unit Monitoring location Limit as per

IS:10500:2012

GW 1 GW 2 GW 3 GW 4 GW 5 GW 6 GW 7 GW 8 GW 9 GW 10 GW 11 GW 12 Desirable

limit

Permissible

limit Bhatpura Vadod

Khodi (Vadod)

Kaniyal

Kuvadthal

Pasunj Kuha 1

Kuha 2

Pasuniya Demaliya

Chamla

Kujad

Bore well Bore well

Bore well

Bore well

Bore well Bore well

Bore well

Bore well

Bore well Bore well Bore well

Bore well

1 Electrical Conductivity

μmho/

cm

1651 1000 1325 3116 1837 1418 1480 1883 1186 1186 1372 1883 NS NS

2 pH -- 8.05 8.50 7.35 7.76 7.93 7.67 7.56 7.43 7.72 7.80 7.39 7.66 6.5-8.5 No relax

3 Nitrite (NO2) mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS

4 Nitrate (NO3) mg/L 10.25 5.9 7.64 10.41 11.09 9.126 6.86 19.02 6.192 5.805 6.675 10.93 45 No relax

5 Phosphate mg/L 0.6 ND ND 31.43 ND ND 4.31 ND 12.09 12.95 ND ND NS NS

6 Potassium mg/L 2.0 ND ND ND 2.2 ND 2.0 5.6 ND ND ND ND NS NS

7 Calcium mg/L 33.06 20.8 20.04 48 54.5 30.06 31.66 37.6 23.24 30.46 26.45 48.09 75 200

8 Magnesium mg/L 29.16 21.38 23.32 36.93 5.8 15.06 23.57 44.22 25.27 19.92 32.56 11.17 30 100

9 Carbonate mg/L 136 88 ND 80 64 84 ND 56 48 72 68 84 NS NS

10 Bicarbonate mg/L 312 236 146 460 428 358 428 422 326 280 366 414 NS NS

11 Hardness as

Ca CO3

mg/L 200 140 146 272 160 137 176 276 162 158 200 166 300 600



Sr.

No.

Parameters Unit Monitoring location Limit as per

IS:10500:2012

12 Alkalinity mg/L 448 324 418 540 492 442 428 478 374 352 434 498 200 600

13 Chlorides mg/L 130.2 45.10 84.18 701.5 160.35 85.18 120.26 175.3 84.1 95.2 90.2 160.3 250 1000

14 Sulphate mg/L 35.27 13.30 17.92 100 36.72 23.99 26.45 66.21 15.18 17.20 19.80 34.69 200 400

15 COD mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS

16 Silica (SiO2) mg/L 4.34 4.62 4.54 6.78 5.03 6.07 5.04 5.09 5.58 5.13 6.9 6.58 NS NS

17 Fluoride mg/L 0.06 ND ND ND ND 0.06 ND ND ND ND ND ND 1 1.5

18 Boron mg/L 0.26 0.38 0.27 0.61 0.36 0.32 0.27 0.39 0.25 0.18 ND 0.48 0.5 1.0

19 TDS mg/L 710 430 570 1340 790 610 640 810 510 510 590 810 500 2000

NS: Not specified

ND: Not detected

Conclusion

Water quality in the study area met the desirable and permissible limits for hardness. Alkalinity was observed to be above desirable limit

at certain locations but was well within the permissible limit. TDS level exceeded desirable limit at all the locations except Vadod but was

well within the permissible limits. Flouride in ground water was found within the norms. The water of sampling locations was mainly used

for washing clothes as cattles.



3.3.6 Surface Water Quality

The baseline surface water quality in the study area is as mentioned below

Table 3-8: Surface Water Quality

Parameters Unit Monitoring Locations

SW 1 SW 2 SW 3 SW 4

Bhatpura Kuvadthal 1 Kuvadthal 2 Pasunj

Village pond Village pond Village pond Village pond

Electrical

Conductivity

μmho/C 279 395 558 930

pH -- 8.13 7.84 8.75 8.07

DO mg/L 6.1 7.0 8.3 6.2

TDS mg/L 120 170 240 400

Nitrite (NO2) mg/L ND ND ND 0.03

Nitrate (NO3) mg/L ND ND ND ND

Phosphate mg/L 0.55 0.16 ND ND

Potassium mg/L 4.5 4.1 4.6 8.2

Calcium mg/L 35.27 15.23 24.85 24.85

Magnesium mg/L 3.89 19.44 12.39 20.41

Sodium mg/L 27 40 70 122

Carbonate mg/L ND 16 56 44

Bicarbonate mg/L 80 92 112 188

Hardness as Ca CO3 mg/L 104 118 113 146

Alkalinity mg/L 90 108 168 232

Chloride mg/L 16 35.08 40.29 80.18

Sulphate mg/L 11.78 7.44 14.89 17.78

BOD5days mg/L 4 8 ND 6

Ammonical

nitrogen

mg/L 0.28 0.48 0.51 0.62

Sodium Adsorption -- 1.15 1.6 3.71 4.31



Parameters Unit Monitoring Locations

ratio

Boron mg/L 0.04 0.09 0.18 0.22

Total Coliform MPN/10

0 ml

120 1100 < 2 240

COD mg/L 20 50 8 40

ND: Not Detected

The above surface water samples were compared with standards given by CPCB for used base classification of surface water in India. The standards are as mentioned in Table 3-9.

Table 3-9: Use based classification of surface water in India

Designated Best Use Class of

water

Criteria

Drinking water source

without conventional

treatment but after

disinfection

A 1. Total Coliform organism MPN/100 ml shall be 50

or less

2. pH between 6.5 and 8.5

3. Dissolved oxygen 6 mg/L or more

4. Biochemical oxygen demand 5 days, 20 deg C, 2

mg/l or less

Outdoor bathing

(Organized)

B 1. Total Coliform organism MPN/100 ml shall be

500 or less

2. pH between 6.5 and 8.5

3. Dissolved oxygen 5 mg/l or more


mg/l or less

Drinking water source

after conventional

treatment and

disinfection

C 1. Total Coliform organism MPN/100 ml shall be

5000 or less

2. pH between 6 to 9

3. Dissolved oxygen 4 mg/L or more


mg/l or less



Designated Best Use Class of

water

Criteria

Propagation of wild life

and fishery

D 1. pH between 6.5 to 8.5

2. Dissolved oxygen 4 mg/l or more

3. Free ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less

Irrigation, industrial

cooling, controlled

waste disposal

E 1. pH between 6 to 8.5

2. Electrical conductivity at 25 deg C µmho/cm

maximum 2250

3. Sodium absorption ratio max 26

4. Boron max 2 mg/l

Conclusion

The surface water sample collected falls under Class B Category of water as per CPCB

standards (Table 3-9). The water was used mainly for cattle washing and drinking

purpose. Surface water of other locations were used for washing of clothes and cattle.

3.4 GEOHYDROLOGY STUDY

A detail geo hydrology study was conducted and detail report of same is attached as

annexure 7

The entire area of Ahmedabad/Gandhinagar district comprises a cover of thick alluvium

with a few sporadic outcrops of Deccan Trap and Limestone toward the southern parts of

region. The geological set up of the area is somewhat similar to that of Cambay Basin.

General Geology of the Study Area

From the observation of the litho logical logs of the bore-hole data in & around the study

area within the depth explored, it is observed that the formation comprises of Alluvium

Aeolian & fluvial deposits. It is composed of sand, silt, gravel, clay and kankar. The

thickness of alluvium is estimated to be about 150 m. Map of Gujarat also indicates that

this area comprises of Alluvium plate. The geology map of Gujarat indicating the project

location is as mentioned in Figure 3-5.



Figure 3-5: Map showing Geology features

Sub-Surface Geological Cross Sections

In order to have an idea about the sub-surface disposition of aquifers, its lateral extent,

and thickness and inter connection within & with the adjacent areas, sub surface

geological cross sections were drawn. In case of such study knowledge on sub-surface

condition and it’s inter-connection with the adjacent area is very important and essential.

It enable design engineer in estimating the subsurface lateral inflow coming into and also

estimating the sub-surface out-flow going out from basin areas to the adjacent area. It

could also help in taking possible measures in designing surface as well as subsurface

drainage.

It is pertinent to mention that in general, the ground water flow follows surface

topography. The general ground water flow direction is from North to South direction or

more precisely North East to South West direction.

Sub-Surface Geological Cross-Section Along Kanabha -Kasindra (North East-

South West)

This cross-section is draw along the regional ground water flow direction (North East to

South-West) of geologically near vicinity is studied. From the study of this cross-section,

it is observed that it comprises of alternate beds of sand and clay of varying thickness.

There exists a continuity of the sand and clay beds with the adjacent areas. There exists

Project area



clay layer separating upper and lower aquifer. Around plant site, the blue clay struck at

shallow depth within the depth range of 70 m to 80 m below ground level.

Figure 3-6: Geological Cross Section in the area

3.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT

Soil samples were taken from the location within 10 Km radius of project site during

summer season for three month (March 2014 to May 2014) as per the TOR issued by

MoEF. Monitoring for soil was done once in season. The details of methodology used for

soil sampling and analysis is as given in Table 3-10

Table 3-10: Methodology of soil sample analysis

Physical and Chemical

Parameters

UNIT Details of instrument used

for analysis.

Applicable standard method for sample analysis

Bulk Density gm/cm3 Weigh Balance METHODS OF SOIL ANALYSIS, part – 1 (chemical & microbial properties :, By C.A. Black (American Society of Agronomy & ASTM)

Water Holding Capacity

% - Hand book of Methods in Environmental Studies




Parameters


for analysis.


(Vol: 2- Air, Noise, Soil & overburden Analysis)

Porosity %

Grain Size distribution

Gravel %

Sieve Shaker &

weigh Balance

Hand book of Methods in Environmental Studies

(Vol: 2- Air, Noise , Soil & overburden Analysis)

Silt %

Sand %

Clay %

Soil texture - - Hand book of Methods in Environmental Studies

(Vol: 2- Air, Noise , Soil & overburden Analysis)

Soil Colour --- - -

pH --- pH Meter IS – 2720 ( Part – 26) – 1987

(RA – 2002)

Conductivity µS/cm Conductivity Meter IS 14767 : 2000 (Reaff.2010)

Nitrogen as N % Distillation Assembly IS 14684 : 1989 (Reaff.2000)

Phosphorus mg/kg UV-VIS Spectrophotometer

METHODS OF SOIL ANALYSIS, part – 2 (chemical & microbial properties :, By C.A. Black (American Society of Agronomy & ASTM)

Potassium as K mg/kg Flame phototmeter METHODS OF SOIL ANALYSIS, part – 2 (chemical & microbial properties :, By C.A. Black (American Society of Agronomy & ASTM)

Sodium as Na mg/kg METHODS OF SOIL ANALYSIS, part – 2 (chemical & microbial properties :, By C.A. Black (American Society of Agronomy & ASTM)

SAR - -

Calculative Method




Parameters


for analysis.


Calcium as Ca mg/kg - METHODS OF SOIL ANALYSIS, part – 1 (chemical & microbial properties :, By C.A. Black (American Society of Agronomy & ASTM)

Nitrate as NO3-N

mg/kg UV-VIS Spectrophotometer

IS 14684 : 1989 (Reaff.2000)

Sulphate as SO4 mg/kg UV-VIS Spectrophotometer

IS – 2720 ( Part – XXVII) – 1977 (RA – 2006)

Organic matter % - IS – 2720 (Part – 22) – 1973

Reaffirmed – 2006

The soil quality observed at the monitoring locations with details of sampling locations is

given in Table 3-11.



Table 3-11: Soil monitoring location and Soil Quality

Parameters Unit Monitoring Location

SQ 1 SQ 2 SQ 3 SQ 4 SQ 5 SQ 6 SQ 7 SQ 8 SQ 9 SQ 10

Bhatpura Vadod Kaniyal Pasunj Pahsuniya Demaliya Chamla Kujad Kubtadthal Kuha

Bulk Density gm/cm3 0.69 0.70 0.57 0.49 0.63 0.62 0.70 0.71 0.74 0.60

Water Holding

Capacity

% 30.34 33.14 33.2 38.56 37 35 44.5 37.08 34 42.54

Soil Color --- Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown

Porosity % 74 74 78 82 76.2 76.6 74 74 72 77.4

Grain size distribution

Gravel % 06 05 02 01 03 02 04 05 02 02

Coarse % 22 12 12 10 12 14 17 14 20 13

Medium % 52 58 58 54 59 55 52 51 57 58

Fine Sand % 16 18 23 28 20 25 22 23 15 19

Silt and Clay % 04 07 05 07 06 04 05 07 06 08

Soil Texture Sandy

Loam

Sandy

Loam

Loamy Loamy Loamy Loamy Loamy Sandy

Loam

Loamy Loamy

pH --- 6.92 7.32 7.90 7.35 7.85 7.72 7.46 7.82 7.15 7.53

Conductivity μmho/cm 69.76 232.55 325.58 93.02 209.30 209.30 186.04 581.39 139.53 279.06

Nitrogen as N % 0.016 0.020 0.017 0.013 0.022 0.021 0.017 0.013 0.018 0.015

Phosphorus mg/gm 77.23 213.4 58.26 35.23 24.39 37.94 52.84 36.18 28.45 24.39

Potassium as K mg/gm 4 22 7.23 2.5 5 9.3 5.07 4.94 15.18 8.62

Sodium mg/gm 35 25 27 10 13 13 12 44 43 4

Calcium as Ca mg/gm 107 60.60 64 84 63 80 80 68 197 102



Parameters Unit Monitoring Location

Nitrate as NO3-N mg/gm 26 5 7 13 12 6 15 136 16 40

Sulphate as SO4 mg/gm 184 760 670 1230 1990 140 180 170 680 1320

SAR mg/gm 1.68 1.50 1.93 0.69 1.03 0.98 0.93 0.52 0.88 0.22

Organic matter % 1.13 1.19 0.73 0.66 1.19 0.27 1.06 1.32 1.92 0.73



3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

The ambient noise environment consists of the total noise generated in the area at

various distances around the sampling locations. The noise level varies depending on the

type of activities carried out in the surrounding area. The baseline noise environment

was studied at the project site as well as the surrounding villages. The locations

considered for the noise monitoring are tabulated below along with the CPCB limits. The

base line level of noise is as given in the Table 3-13

Table 3-12: Noise Monitoring Location

Sampling

Station

Type of area Station

Code

Bhatpura Residential NQ 1

Chandiyal Residential NQ 2

Dhemaliya Residential NQ 3

Kaniyal Residential NQ 4

Kuvadthal Residential NQ 5

Khujad Residential NQ 6

Kuha Residential NQ 7

Pasunj Residential NQ 8

Vadod Residential NQ 9

Pashuniya Residential NQ 10



Table 3-13: Noise quality in study area

Area

code

Equivalent Noise Level L(eq) in dB(A) CPCB Limits

Day Times Night Time Day time Night time

NQ 1 52.6 41.3 55 45

NQ 2 52.7 44.9 55 45

NQ 3 47.9 38.9 55 45

NQ 4 51.9 39.4 55 45

NQ 5 51.3 42.7 55 45

NQ 6 52.3 42.3 55 45

NQ 7 52.7 38.9 55 45

NQ 8 49.3 38.7 55 45

NQ 9 51.0 39.8 55 45

NQ 10 50.0 40.7 55 45

Conclusion

Noise levels was found within the limits at the sampling locations.

3.7 LAND USE STUDY A detailed study for land use study was conducted in the area and detail report for same

is attached as Annexure 8.

3.7.1 Primary Data Collection

The land use/land cover mapping was carried out using digital satellite imagery procured

from NRSA, Hyderabad. Details of the satellite data are as given in Table 3-14.



Table 3-14: Details of Satellite Data

Satellite Sensor Bands Year

Resourcesat 2 (93-56 A) LISS IV 2,3,4 29th December, 2013

Resourcesat 2 (93-56 B) LISS IV 2,3,4 5th December, 2013

3.7.2 Secondary Data Collection

The ancillary data collected for the study were District planning series maps and Census

maps as base information for interpretation.

3.7.3 Area Statistics of Land Use/ Cover Classes within 10 Km radius of

project site

The area statistics of these classes are presented in Table 3-15. The major portion of the

study region is covered by Agriculture followed by Open Vegetation and Scrub.

Table 3-15: Land use/cover Classes Area Statistics within 10 km Radius of Project Site

Class Area (Ha.) Area (sq. km.) Area (%)

Habitation 562.84 5.63 1.79

Industrial Area 167.00 1.67 0.53

Agriculture Land 26039.44 260.39 82.93

Barren Land 75.05 0.75 0.24

Water Body 159.07 1.59 0.51

River bed 545.16 5.45 1.74

Plantation 161.20 1.61 0.51

Grass Cover 1.36 0.01 0.00

Scrub 1338.67 13.39 4.26

Open Vegetation 2273.56 22.74 7.24

Close Vegetation 4.07 0.04 0.01

Aquatic Vegetation 4.59 0.05 0.01

Main Canal 67.98 0.68 0.22



Figure 3-7: Land use/ Land cover for 10 km radius from centre of block

The Brief description of each type of the class forming land use and land cover, derived

from the remote sensing data analysis and the ground observations as depicted in Figure

3-7 are explained below.

Habitation

Among 68 villages, Kujad village covers more area.

Industrial Area

There are few industries along the Ahmedabad-Jhalod highway and in rest of the area

there were mostly brick kilns.



Agriculture

The agricultural land covered major region in the study area which covers 82 per cent of

the study area. The major crop cultivated in the study area was wheat (Triticum aestivum),

castor (Ricinus Communis), and in some area cotton (Gossypium spp.). Bajra (Pennisetum

spp.), and fodder crop during summer if availability of water. Also during rainy season

paddy (Oryza sp.) are cultivated. The irrigation water was essentially through canals and

bore wells.

Barren Land

These are lands having no vegetation having bluish tone on data was segregated as

barren land, covering 0.75 sq. km. of land.

Water body

The area covered by natural or impounded inland fresh water lakes, ponds, or other

inland impoundments covered by water was designated as water bodies. They were well

distributed in the region.

River Bed

Three rivers flows through the region, they are non-perennial rivers. In the center region

there is Meshwo, and two sides being Khari and Vatrak rivers.

Plantation

Plantation area covers 161 hectares of land, which is of Acacia nilotica, Eucalyptus sp.,

and Alianthus excelsa. Apart from the mentioned horticultural plantation was of Zizyphus

sp., Mangifera sp. and Achrus sapota species.

Grass Cover

Grass cover region was present in Bhavda village were on the coast of the river colony

was built.

Scrub

There are areas having sparse vegetation it is mainly covered by grasses these areas are

delineated as Scrub. As per the classification based on Forest Survey of India the

category denotes land having bushes and poor tree growth with canopy density less than

10 percent. The Scrub category covered only 4.26 percent of the area dominated by

ravenous region along three rivers.

Open Vegetation

The vegetation category Open was segregated based on the canopy density of 10 to 20

per cent. Open Vegetation was mostly of ravenous dominated region.



Closed Vegetation

The vegetation category Closed was segregated based on the canopy density of greater

than 20 per cent. Close Vegetation was just 0.01 per cent of the study area.

Aquatic Vegetation

Aquatic vegetation showed specific pink colour spread in the water body of the region.

3.7.4 Area Statistics of Land Use/ Cover Classes within 1 Km radius of

project site

The map showing land use pattern in 1 km radius around the drilling well locations as

given in Table 1-3, is shown in Figure 3-8.



Figure 3-8: Land use/ Land cover maps of 1 Km radius from 8 well locations

TENTATIVE WELL LOCATION 1
























3.8 BIO ECOLOGY STUDY

The baseline study, for the preparation of inventory of the floral and faunal biodiversity

of the terrestrial environment of the study area, within 10 km was conducted and a

detailed report is attached as Annexure 9.

3.8.1 Floral Diversity of Study Area

The following account of floral inventory has been, based on the field survey conducted

for a short duration in the May 2013, is not very comprehensive data and is aimed only

to give a general pattern of vegetation of this region during the study period as a

baseline data in absence of available secondary data.

Trees

Dominant tree species in the farmland was dominated Acacia nilotica (Bhaval), Ailanthus

excelsa (Aurdso), Trees in the study area are restricted to /homestead/farmland /road

side plantation.

47 species of trees belong to 23 families are enumerated from the study area. The detail

lists of trees observed during primary survey are mentioned in Annexure 9.

Shrubs

28 shrub species belong to 15 families are enumerated from the study area. Most

dominant shrubs in the core zone and buffer zone were, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis

procera, Cassia auriculata, Ipomoea fistulosa, Prosopis juliflora and Lawsonia inermis.

Herbs

59 herbaceous species belonging to 24 families were recorded from the study area. Most

of the herbaceous layer were dry out during the sampling conducted in March 2014.

Herbs observed in the sampling plots, during the survey period in the study area have

been enlisted in Annexure 9.

Climbers & Twiners

The climbers and twiners observed along the agricultural hedges and road side hedges of

the study area. 11 species of climbers/twiners belonging to 4 families were recorded

from the area.

The major climbers and twiners observed in the study area in the sampling plots are

given in Annexure 9.

Cultivated Plants in Study area

Most of the villages in the study area are engaged in monsoon depended agriculture

activities, The major agricultural crops practiced during monsoon season in the study



area are; Rice (Oryza sativa) and Castor (Ricinus communis), while during winter Wheat

(Triticum aestivum) is cultivated as major crop. Bajra (Pennisetum typhoides) cultivation

practiced in restricted fields by villagers for their own consumption. Agricultural

activities in this region commence with the early monsoon shower.

Major Crops:

Major crops in the study area are Rice (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestivum), and

Castor, “Divel” (Ricinus communis)

Minor crops:

Minor crop practiced in this region during monsoon season is Cotton (Gossypium

herbaceum), and Variyali (Foeniculum vulgare)

Pulses:

The pulses cultivated in this region in isolated pockets was Tuver (Cajanus cajan)

Vegetables:

Vegetables growing in this region are Bhindi (Abelmoschus esculentus) Brinjal (Solanum

melongena).

Horticultural Practices and Fruit grown

Bor (Zizyphus glabrata) and Amla (Emblica officinalis) cultivation were observed at many

parts of study area. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), were observed in most of the villages

the study area. Other fruit yielding varieties observed in the study area were Chikoo

(Manilkara zapota), Papaya (Carica papaya), Gundi (Cordia ghraf), Rayan (Manilkara

hexandra), Gorasamali (Pithelellobium dulce), and Amali (Tamarindus indicum)

Major horticultural crops

Bor (Zizyphus glabrata) and Amla (Emblica officinalis ), Keri (Mangifera indica L.),

Chikoo (Manilkara zapota (L.)), Papaya (Carica papaya L.), and Banana (Musa

Paradisiaca L.)

Rare and Endangered Flora in Study Area

Among the enumerated flora in the study area, none of them were assigned any threat

category by RED data book of Indian Plants, (Nayar and Sastry, 1990) and Red list of

threatened Vascular plants (IUCN, 2010, BSI, 2003)

Endemic Plants of Study Area

Among recorded plant species, during the survey period, none can be assigned the

status of endemic plant of this region.



Status Of The Forest, Their Category In The Study Area

No forest was observed in the study area

3.8.2 Faunal Biodiversity of Study Area

The list of Systematic account of the birds in the study area with the status of

occurrence along with other observed fauna like butterflies, reptiles and mammals is

discussed in Annexure 9.

Rare and Endangered Fauna in Study Area

As per IUCN Red list of threatened species (2012), among the sighted animal species,

one bird species is Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) categorized as Near

threatened bird.

Table 3-16: Near Threatened Birds of Study Area

Species Habitat

Location

nearest

village

Threat

status

(IUCN,2012)

Number Coordinates

Black-headed

Ibis

(Threskiornis

melanocephalus)

Shallow water

bodies,

Rice fields

Undrel

Kalajunu

muwada

Near

threatened

ver.3.1

2

5

220 57’ 30.6”N

720 43’53.6” E

22058’ 36.1” N

72048’41.1” E

Source: IUCN Red list of threatened species, 2012 and Bird life international 2012

As per Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972

Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended on 17th January 2003, is an Act to provide

for the protection of wild animals, birds and plants and for matters connected therewith

or ancillary or incidental thereto with a view to ensuring the ecological and

environmental security of the country.

Some of the sighted fauna were given protection by the Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act,

1972 by including them in different schedules. Among the birds in the study area, Pea

fowl (Pavo cristatus) is included in schedule I of Wild life protection Act (1972), while

many other birds are included in schedule IV.

Among the reptiles, Indian Cobra (Naja naja), and Common Rat Snake (Ptyas mucosus)

were provided protection as per Schedule-II of Wild life protection act, (1972).



Among mammals; Common Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi), and Bengal Hanuman

langur (Semnopithecus entellus) are a schedule –II mammals. Nilgai (Boselaphus

tragocamelus) and Wild Boars (Sus scrofa Linnaeus) are provided protection by

incorporating them in schedule–III, Hares and five stripped squirrels are included in

schedule IV of Wild Life Protection act 1972.

Table 3-17: Species provided Protection as per Wild Life Protection Act 1972

Group Species Schedule Wild Life

Protection act 1972.

Birds Pea fowl (Pavo cristatus), Schedule I

few other birds Schedule-IV

Reptiles

Indian Cobra (Naja naja), Schedule-II

Common rat snake (Ptyas

mucosus) Schedule-II

Mammals

Common Mongoose

(Herpestes edwardsi), Schedule-II

Bengal Hanuman langur

(Semnopithecus entellus

(Dufresene))

Schedule-II

Five striped Palm squirrel

(Funambulus pennanii (

Wroughton))

Schedule-IV

Hare (Lepus sp.) Schedule-IV

Nilgai (Boselaphus

tragocamelus)

Schedule-III

Wild Boars (Sus scrofa

Linnaeus

Schedule-III

3.9 SOCIO ECONOMIC DATA

Socio economic data are drawn from the primary sources like census and district

statistical hand book etc. We defined the frame work of socio economic environment in

terms of the following components



1. Demographic characteristics which defines the human development level of the

village community

2. Economic characteristics which provides indicator of the economic development

level

3. Social data matrix which provide the social composition of the community which

would reflect the socio cultural dimensions

A detailed analysis will not only highlight the relevant issues but also would provide

guiding path of the development of the project area villages.

Study was conducted in 2 districts of the Gujarat namely 1) Ahmadabad and 2)

Gandhinagar. Total 3 talukas and 7 villages were covered during the socio economic

study of the project area.

Total 7 villages covered during the study, out of those 4 villages from Daskroi taluka, of

2 villages are from Dahegam taluka and 1 village from Kalol taluka. In below table

details have been mentioned.

Table 3-18: Coverage Details

No. Name of the District Name of the Taluka

Name of the Village

1 Ahmedabad Daskroi Kuha

2 Chandiyal

3 Bhavda

4 Ranodra

5 Gandhinagar Dahegam Demaliya

6 Kodrali

7 Kalol Karoli

Looking to the below table data shows that population is varies in each village from

1184 to 10102. Kuha and Ranodra having more population compare to other 5 villages.

Demaliya and Kodrali having less population.

Table 3-19: Basic information about villages

Name of the village Population Literacy level

Kuha 10,102 76.73 %

Chandial 2,838 72.89 %



Bhavda 2,904 85.05 %

Ranodra 5,000 75.00%

Demaliya 1,184 73.65 %

Kodrali 1,346 77.87 %

Karoli 3,451 88.89 %

ReF: http://www.census2011.co.in/data/village

During the field visit we came to know that out of 7 villages, only 1 village is having

Public Health center, rest of the villages do not have this facility. From all this villages,

the community is going to (Kuha ??) for treatment. Some of the special information

mentioned below;

• In Ranodra and Karoli, lack of adequate staff is the major problem in the health

sub center

• Treatment has been provided only to the women in the Chandiyal, male members

are going out of the village for the treatment

• In the some of the villages like Demaliya and Kadroli of Dehgam taluka they do

not have any PHC or sub center in the village, so they are going to nearby village

or taluka level for the health treatment.

• In the Demaliya people are going to Bahiyal Sub Centre which is the nearest

place from that village, or Dehgam directly.

• Mainly in all the villages they are facing problem at the time of (child birth)

Education

Education means to discover new things which we don't know about and increase our

knowledge. An educated person can contribute more to the society. From the interaction

with the community we came to know that education level in the village is comparatively

good, i.e. more than 75% people are literate1. The education facilities are listed below.

Table 3-20: Availability of Education facilities

No Name of

the

Villages

Education Facilities

Anganv

adi

Primary Upper

Primary

High

School

Intermediary College

1 Kuha √ √ √ √ NA NA

1 Based on census 2011 data



2 Chandial √ √ NA NA NA NA

3 Bhavda √ √ √ NA NA NA

4 Ranodra √ √ NA NA NA NA

5 Demaliya √ √ NA NA NA NA

6 Kodrali √ √ NA NA NA NA

7 Karoli √ √ √ NA NA NA

Source: Secondary Data, data coolection

(NA-Not Available)

Government is putting up many efforts to promote primary education. In the village

people mindset have been changed compare to past, parents are taking interest in their

children education. Table 3-20 shows available education facilities in the village.

• Only Kuha village having high school in the village.

• Basic and primary schools facilities are available in each and every village.

• Students are going to Ahmedabad or Dehgam for the higher studies.

• Limited teachers are the basic problem in all the schools

• Quality of infrastructure is also one of the weak point

• School Management Committee needs to be strengthen.

Livelihood

A “livelihood” is defined as one’s “means of support or subsistence” or the activities that

economically support a person and his/her family. We are focused on providing

opportunities for the working poor (in various occupations) to increase their income-

generating capacity. In all the villages community is associated with various

occupations, the details mentioned below.

Table 3-21: Occupation Details

No Name of the Villages

Community associated with Occupation (%)

Agriculture

Agriculture Labor

Working as wage labor in other sectors

Government Job

Private Job

1 Kuha 50% 10% 15% 5% 20%

2 Chandial 50% 40% 0 0 10%

3 Bhavda 60% 20% 10% 5% 5%

4 Ranodra 95% 3% 0 0 2%



5 Demaliya 95% 2% 0 0 3%

6 Kodrali 25% 50% 20% 5% 0

7 Karoli 70% 20% 0 2% 8%

Source: secondary data, data collection

Data shows that majority of the population are associated with agriculture related

activities. Out of 12 months people are getting work for more than 6 months in the

agriculture.

The most important and good thing that there is no wage discrimination between male

and female

Workers get Rs. 100-130/day from the agriculture work, while in private sector they are

getting Rs. 150-300/day based on the skill of the worker.

An institutional help for the skill development in stitching is available in two villages.

(Kuha and Demaliya).

Only 2 to 10% farmers are big farmers having 2 to 10 hectare land in all the study

villages. Most of the farmers are taking 3 crops (Wheat, Rice and Bajri).

Light and water source are limited for the agriculture.

Animal Husbandry

A large number of farmers in India depend on animal husbandry for their livelihood. In

addition to supplying milk, meat, eggs, wool and hides, animals, mainly bullocks, are the

major source of power for both farmers and dryers.

Almost 50% to 60% villagers are selling milk at the dairy in the village. In all the 7

villages Pvt. Dairy is available in the village, as well as they have structured mechanism

for dairy.

Demaliya villagers are not happy with current dairy structure, as they are not getting

satisfactory price

Women Empowerment

Except Demaliya all the villages having Self Help Groups and women are doing saving

activities in the groups.

Not much work has been started for income generation

Skill development, absence of advanced knowledge and information are the basic

problems for the women empowerment.



Benefits of the government schemes

Government Schemes plays important roles in development of society. During

interaction with community and PRI members, we came to know that, in most of the

villages people received benefits of Indira Awas, Sardar Awas, RSBY, Chiranjivi Yojna

and Mukhymantri Amrutam Yojna. While there is very less awareness about sanitation in

all the villages, approx only 10 to 15% villagers having sanitation facility at their home.

Infrastructure facilities

Infrastructure is the most important contributors to the economy of the State.

Infrastructure is the subset of the infrastructure sector and plays a significant role in

generating revenue for the economy. During the study we have received information

about facilities available in the villages, which are listed below.

Table 3-22: Facilities available


Facilities

Road (Nos) Internal road Electricity

in HHs

Public Transportation in a day (Nos)

Pucca Katcha Mud Bus Share Auto

Other

1 Kuha 4 NA NA 100% 24 20 NA

2 Chandial 5 NA NA 100% 1 15 NA

3 Bhavda 5 7 5 95% 10 20 4

4 Ranodra 1 9 NA 90% 3 10 NA

5 Demaliya 5 3 NA 98% 4 15 NA

6 Kodrali 1 2 2 95% NA NA NA

7 Karoli 1 4 25 95% 10 50 10

Source : Secondary data, data colleciton

(NA-Not Available)

Road facilities are most important in any village. While we talking about our study area,

from the table we can see that road facility is moderate in Kuha, Chandial, Bhavda,

Ranodra and Demaliya. In other 2 villages (Kodrali and Karoli) it is very poor.

While we are talking about electricity, it is the basic facility of any households. In our

study area, we can see good scenario in all the villages. Frequency of the public

transport is also good in all the study villages except Kodrali.



Table 3-23: Common facilities

No Name of

the Villages

Facilities

PDS Panchayat/Sarpanch

Office Community

Hall SHG

Building TV

Room 1 Kuha Available Available Available Available Available

2 Chandial Available Available Available NA NA

3 Bhavda Available Available NA NA NA

4 Ranodra Available Available Available NA NA

5 Demaliya Available Available Available NA NA

6 Kodrali Available Available NA NA NA

7 Karoli Available Available NA NA NA

Source: Secondary data, data collection, (NA-Not Available)

The common facilities in the villages are quite moderate in all the villages except Kuha.

Sanitation and Drinking water facilities

Sanitation generally refers to the provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal

of human urine and feces. Inadequate sanitation is a major cause of disease world-wide

and improving sanitation is known to have a significant beneficial impact on health both

in households and across communities. The word 'sanitation' also refers to the

maintenance of hygienic conditions, through services such as garbage collection and

wastewater disposal.

During the study we have received some information about availability of Sanitation and

Drinking water facilities which are listed below.

Table 3-24: Facilities of Sanitation and Drinking water

No

Name of the

Villages

Facilities Sanitation Drinking Water

Individual HHs (%)

Common Toilets

School Toilets

Market

Place

Overhead tanks

Hand Pum

p

Street/Pub

lic taps

Individual Connectio

ns

Underground tank

s

Ponds

1 Kuha 15-20% NA √ NA √ NA NA √ NA √

2 Chandial 10% NA √ NA √ NA NA √ NA NA

3 Bhavda 75% NA √ NA √ NA NA √ √ NA

4 Ranodra 10% NA √ NA NA NA NA NA √ √

5 Demaliya 10% NA √ NA √ NA NA √ NA √



6 Kodrali 15% NA √ NA √ NA NA NA NA NA

7 Karoli 80% NA √ NA √ NA NA √ √ √

Source: Secondary data, data collection

(NA-Not Available)

From the above mentioned data we can say that result about sanitation is very poor

except Bhavda and Karoli village.

Government has launched the scheme for sanitation and gives subsidy for toilet

construction, but still they are not ready to build toilets at home.

From the data we can say that there is good facility of the drinking water in all the study

villages except Ranodra and Kodrali villages.

3.10 SOURCE OF FUEL

During the visit we came to know that level of fuel source is very low in the study

villages. Very few HHs has LPG connection in every village. They are still using fuel wood

for cooking.

Table: 9 Availability of fuel source


Sources Sources Fuel Wood

LPG (%)

Bio-gas Kerosene Solar energy

Natural Forest

Mangrove Forest

Tank bund

1 Kuha √ NA NA NA √ NA NA 2 Chandial √5% NA √20% NA √75% NA NA 3 Bhavda √ NA √ NA NA NA NA 4 Ranodra √ 5% NA √5% NA √90% NA NA 5 Demaliya √ 5% NA √ NA √ 95% NA NA 6 Kodrali √ NA √ NA √ NA NA 7 Karoli √ NA √ NA √ NA NA Source: Secondary data, data collection

(NA-Not Available)

Data Findings based on individual interaction with the community members

In this part of the report individual responses have been elaborated and also listed views

of the community of their socio economic status and future development indicators.

Total 89 individual have been covered from 7 villages, through individual interview data

was collected on various indicators.



Table 3-25: Village wise respondents’ numbers No Districts Talukas Name of

Village No. of Person

1 Ahmedabad Daskroi Kuha 14

2 Chandiyal 11

3 Bhavda 13

4 Ranodra 13

5 Gandhinagar Dehgam Demaliya 12

6 Karoli 15

7 Kodrali 11

Total 89


During the interaction with the community members we found that out of 89 members,

84 (94%) members were Hindu and remaining 5 (6%) members were Muslim.

From all the 89 members, 66 (74%) members are OBC, 14 (16%) members were of

Forward Caste.

Higher education is very limited, 31% are illiterate, which affect on their behavior,

attitude and day to day practice.

During the study we came to know that the average size of the family is 4 to 6.

We have asked some questions regarding their occupation from which we came to know

that agriculture is the main occupation in all the villages because 25 (28%) out of 89

members were engaged in agriculture activity. The second highest occupation is Animal

Husbandry, 14 (15%) members were doing animal husbandry work.

As we have discussed earlier that, the average size of the family is 4 to 6 from which we

came to know that 73% families having 2 earning members, 30.3% families having 3

earning members, 6.70% families having 4 earning members in the family and 4.5%

families having 5 earning members in the family.

From total 89 community members, 85 (95.5%) members are living in their own house

and if we are talking about their housing status, only 41 (46.1%) out of 89 members are

living in pucca house. 25 (28.1%) members have semi-pucca and 23 (25.8%) members

are having kuchha house.

Out of total, 88 (98.9%) members are having electricity at their home.

73 (82%) community members have mobile phone facility.



While we talking about sanitation in the villages, it is very poor because out 89 members

only 41 (46%) members have toilet facility at their home.

Awareness level about sanitation is very low because they still prefer to go outside

despite of they received government subsidy to construct toilets. 84 (94.4%) members

get drinking water facilities at their home. Only 3 (3.4%) members have phone,

computer and car facilities.

Out of total 62% of the respondents having their own land, of that 60.4% respondents

having wet land and they are taking two or more than two crops in a year.

Table 3-26: Crop Details

Winter Summer Monsoon

Crops Percent Crops Percent Crops Percent

Wheat 48.3 Wheat 5.6 Bajri 5.6

Bajri 1.1 Bajri 36 Vegetable 4.5

Corn 2.2 Juvar 3.4 Juvar 5.6

Vegetable 1.1 Guvar 1.1 Guvar 5.6

Castor 1.1 Rice 1.1 Rice 36

Juvar 1.1 Grass 4.5 Grass 3.4

Grass 2.2 Cotton 2.2


Only 53 (59.6%) members are doing savings from various methods like Bank savings,

LIC etc.

Migration level of these villages is very low. Members from only 6 (6.7%) households

have migrated for the work purpose.

Table 3-27: Live Stock Details

Details Person Percentage

Cow 18 20

Buffalo 45 50.4

Goat 3 3.3

Total 66 73.7

3.11 NEEDS TO BE FOCUSED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT

During the interaction with respondents research team has collected information about

the bottlenecks of the development and major issue which impede into development of

the village.



Village Specific needs:

Table 3-28: Village wise requirements


Details socio economic report is attached as Annexure 10.

Detail demographic structure village wise as per census data 2011 is mentioned herewith

as Table 3-29

Values (%) Respondents Detail Kuha Chandiyal

Bhavda Ranodra Demaliya Kodrali Karoli

Road 35.7 81.8 69.2 30.8 58.3 45.5 46.7

Drainage 14.3 18.2 30.8 30.8 16.7 36.4 13.3

Transportation 21.4 36.4 0 0 33.3 18.2 0 Loan 14.3 0 15.4 7.7 16.7 9.1 6.7

Government Help

14.3 0 23.1 0 0 0 33.3

Toilets 14.3 45.5 30.8 30.8 25 0 33.3

Housing 7.1 9.1 23.1 38.5 33.3 0 13.3

Street Light 7.1 36.4 7.7 23.1 16.7 0 6.7

Employment 14.3 27.3 7.7 0 33.3 0 33.3



Table 3-29 (a): Demographic Structure of Villages (1)

NAME No_HH TOT_P TOT_M TOT_F P_06 P_SC P_ST P_LIT M_LIT F_LIT P_ILL M_ILL F_ILL Zanu 831 4268 2201 2067 687 373 3 2963 1610 1353 1305 591 714

Lalpur 101 558 284 274 81 3 0 372 221 151 186 63 123

Bharkunda 238 1160 583 577 160 0 0 780 469 311 380 114 266

Pasunj 946 5145 2584 2561 782 140 0 3280 1926 1354 1865 658 1207

Kubadthal 750 3691 1928 1763 533 172 5 2322 1350 972 1369 578 791

Bhuvaldi 1478 7279 3745 3534 965 262 0 4923 2843 2080 2356 902 1454

Kuha 2010 10102 5113 4989 1461 257 14 6630 3785 2845 3472 1328 2144

Chandial 581 2838 1404 1434 426 51 0 1758 1023 735 1080 381 699

Kaniyel 578 3134 1557 1577 495 39 0 1915 1112 803 1219 445 774

Vadod 861 4374 2236 2138 601 16 0 2887 1705 1182 1487 531 956

Bhavda 576 2904 1539 1365 363 151 10 2161 1212 949 743 327 416

Bakrol Bujrang 668 3538 1838 1700 536 126 12 2220 1297 923 1318 541 777

Gatrad 1165 5560 2813 2747 819 110 9 3889 2132 1757 1671 681 990

Vahelal 684 3074 1560 1514 316 242 0 2440 1299 1141 634 261 373

Dhamatvan 1138 5782 2968 2814 848 379 0 3835 2177 1658 1947 791 1156

Harnivav 998 5088 2586 2502 716 160 1 3067 1844 1223 2021 742 1279

Undrel 870 4361 2178 2183 586 31 0 2906 1679 1227 1455 499 956

Ranodara 808 4131 2089 2042 599 25 0 2709 1600 1109 1422 489 933

Chavlaj 664 3390 1664 1726 510 74 0 2182 1211 971 1208 453 755

Chared 597 2935 1511 1424 534 50 10 1620 1087 533 1315 424 891

Kakarkhad 805 4065 2062 2003 738 17 0 2285 1476 809 1780 586 1194

Sarkhej 445 2210 1136 1074 417 59 0 1123 781 342 1087 355 732

Badarpur 297 1751 893 858 297 39 6 1027 657 370 724 236 488

Khalal 389 1912 986 926 358 0 0 1079 698 381 833 288 545

Gadvel 620 3301 1650 1651 641 41 0 1900 1206 694 1401 444 957

Bar Muvada 2091 10724 5475 5249 1926 177 14 5717 3907 1810 5007 1568 3439



Umedpura 34 176 98 78 40 0 0 56 49 7 120 49 71

Haldarvas 1292 6643 3473 3170 1047 421 6 3883 2379 1504 2760 1094 1666

Gokalpura 68 301 169 132 49 0 0 130 95 35 171 74 97

Hathnoli 389 2055 1064 991 369 0 0 973 678 295 1082 386 696

Moti Timbli 127 576 310 266 116 0 0 216 168 48 360 142 218

Nani Timbali 41 238 133 105 47 0 0 111 83 28 127 50 77

Nani Adboli 164 876 443 433 156 7 0 478 311 167 398 132 266

Karoli 1082 5041 2696 2345 762 102 0 2552 1725 827 2489 971 1518

Mirjapur 130 675 366 309 65 0 0 415 289 126 260 77 183

Krishnanagar 392 2045 1045 1000 287 57 4 1583 847 736 462 198 264

Ramnagar 157 765 413 352 85 57 0 655 354 301 110 59 51

Kodrali 241 1346 684 662 180 0 0 908 540 368 438 144 294

Ghamij 654 2996 1554 1442 436 120 0 2068 1172 896 928 382 546

Hilol Vasna 294 1443 715 728 202 28 0 966 572 394 477 143 334

Kanipur 721 3419 1736 1683 439 129 0 2216 1280 936 1203 456 747

Mirapur 192 939 481 458 155 0 7 572 355 217 367 126 241

Pallano Math 126 598 300 298 103 0 0 442 242 200 156 58 98

Pasuniya 164 852 436 416 133 0 0 567 337 230 285 99 186

Shiyapur 120 567 292 275 79 0 0 385 232 153 182 60 122

Hilol 587 2966 1517 1449 378 85 0 2018 1212 806 948 305 643

Demaliya 241 1184 628 556 186 0 0 735 457 278 449 171 278

Chamla 418 2128 1112 1016 289 42 6 1412 844 568 716 268 448

Kadadara 850 4329 2203 2126 545 120 5 3014 1701 1313 1315 502 813

Harsoli 902 4313 2169 2144 629 97 0 2968 1705 1263 1345 464 881



Bardoli (Kothi) 494 2305 1201 1104 330 4 0 1385 879 506 920 322 598

Kanbha 959 4498 2356 2142 529 280 39 3358 1914 1444 1140 442 698

Kujad 1498 7535 3864 3671 1079 684 171 5387 2987 2400 2148 877 1271

Kamalbandh Vasna 434 2031 1032 999 300 24 0 1537 849 688 494 183 311

Navarngpura 159 770 381 389 100 62 0 491 306 185 279 75 204

Govinddada 129 642 331 311 115 0 0 426 238 188 216 93 123

Table 3-30 (b): Demographic structure of Village

NAME TOT_WORK_P MAINWORK_P MAIN_CL_P MAIN_AL_P MAIN_HH_P MAIN_OT_P MARGWORK_P MARG_CL_P MARG_AL_P MZanu 1327 611 348 40 4 219 716 11 511

Lalpur 275 178 64 46 0 68 97 1 73

Bharkunda 578 547 110 297 2 138 31 5 21

Pasunj 2576 2288 477 1292 48 471 288 43 193

Kubadthal 1627 1274 130 639 4 501 353 4 236

Bhuvaldi 2530 2396 310 619 53 1414 134 6 68

Kuha 3707 2891 1012 1038 15 826 816 19 643

Chandial 1437 528 330 96 2 100 909 20 825

Kaniyel 1688 569 371 46 2 150 1119 98 954

Vadod 1916 1264 819 265 8 172 652 34 443

Bhavda 1242 922 310 355 0 257 320 5 131

Bakrol Bujrang 1466 1187 336 252 1 598 279 20 214

Gatrad 1658 1616 460 644 8 504 42 5 28

Vahelal 1248 1070 179 372 21 498 178 17 95

Dhamatvan 1812 1479 782 341 7 349 333 7 306

Harnivav 2051 1660 867 280 63 450 391 23 283

Undrel 1652 1390 895 214 14 267 262 212 39

Ranodara 1370 1205 440 488 6 271 165 14 55



Chavlaj 1146 985 431 485 16 53 161 28 85

Chared 1523 583 290 104 0 189 940 61 707

Kakarkhad 1943 1339 552 224 4 559 604 56 265

Sarkhej 946 671 348 74 2 247 275 0 181

Badarpur 837 726 282 60 20 364 111 2 101

Mirjapur 815 801 211 171 2 417 14 0 14

Khalal 957 812 299 17 6 490 145 2 137

Gadvel 1542 984 270 121 3 590 558 27 286

Bar Muvada 5373 4457 1500 264 6 2687 916 248 371

Umedpura 108 82 44 3 0 35 26 1 18

Haldarvas 3139 2643 525 217 93 1808 496 11 206

Gokalpura 192 184 55 0 0 129 8 1 0

Hathnoli 1174 1148 468 128 1 551 26 3 23

Moti Timbli 343 332 124 46 0 162 11 0 11

Nani Timbali 121 60 59 0 0 1 61 0 4

Nani Adboli 403 392 231 9 1 151 11 0 3

Karoli 2764 2100 617 811 15 657 664 37 307

Krishnanagar 646 624 442 119 3 60 22 2 8

Ramnagar 264 262 118 93 2 49 2 0 2

Kodrali 413 380 304 27 0 49 33 12 12

Ghamij 1048 784 164 386 2 232 264 2 256

Hilol Vasna 779 389 172 189 0 28 390 182 207

Kanipur 1307 1105 393 509 5 198 202 64 112

Mirapur 258 225 117 87 1 20 33 5 22

Pallano Math 197 191 78 102 2 9 6 2 3

Pasuniya 274 270 100 169 0 1 4 1 1

Shiyapur 316 136 96 35 0 5 180 15 165

Hilol 1115 1003 459 376 3 165 112 14 78



Demaliya 388 256 150 57 2 47 132 5 83

Chamla 974 840 481 214 3 142 134 2 7

Kadadara 1589 1261 562 257 18 424 328 23 126

Harsoli 1846 1213 697 188 7 321 633 92 151

Bardoli (Kothi) 1413 1102 231 659 3 209 311 27 221

Kanbha 1625 1558 103 408 7 1040 67 0 26

Kujad 2441 1827 383 350 10 1084 614 11 186 Kamalbandh Vasna 838 731 632 60 8 31 107 10 95

Navarngpura 254 253 151 66 1 35 1 1 0

Govinddada 357 179 135 11 0 33 178 1 171



Chapter 4 Impact Identification & Mitigation Measures

4 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION & MITIGATION MEASURES

This section discusses the impacts of the project activities on the environmental

receptors that stand to get affected by the project. It discusses probable impacts during

various phases of the project lifecycle to the environmental receptors.

Many scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict impacts on

physico-ecological and socio-economic environment. Such predictions are superimposed

over the baseline (pre-project) status of environmental quality to derive the ultimate

(post-project) scenario of environmental conditions. The prediction of impacts helps to

identify and implement environmental management plan during and after the execution

of the developmental activity to minimize the deterioration of environmental quality.

4.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

During construction of drill site: The drilling well site will be installed in the agricultural

fields hence the agricultural land will be converted temporarily to barren land due to

temporary clearing of ground vegetation of around 120 m × 120 m area. Changes in the

aesthetic looks of the area and changes in soil characteristics due to temporary dumping

of earth and fill material required for site elevation.

During drilling operation: The entire drilling operation, being a temporary activity, will

require temporary land acquisition and will not involve clearing of any trees, except few

ground vegetation. The impact envisage during drilling operations is as mentioned

below:

• Soil contamination due to drill cuttings, domestic waste and sewage generation

from labour camp etc.

• Impact on road infrastructure due to increase in vehicular movement

• Traffic congestion due to vehicular movement

However, drilling being a temporary activity would not cause any permanent traffic load

in the village roads.

Mitigation measures

• Necessary efforts will be made during selection of drill site to minimize disruption

of current land use to the extent possible and this should be a criteria as part of

initial project planning



• Temporary camp site will be provided with complete amenities and sanitation

facilities for the labourers to be deployed in the site during construction of the site

as well as during drilling phase

• Necessary restoration efforts will be made during decommissioning and site

closure to restore the site back to its original condition to the extent possible

• On completion of works (in phases), all temporary structures, surplus material

and wastes will be completely removed;

• Optimization of land requirement through proper site layout design will be a basic

criteria at the design phase

• In order to avoid any traffic congesting in the area, separate provision for truck

parking will be kept within the drilling site

• Temporary new approach roads can be constructed and existing roads can be

improved, if required, for smooth and hassle free movement of personnel as well

as materials and machineries;

• Proper restoration of site will be carried out to bring the physical terrain, soils and

vegetation, as closely possible, to their original condition;

4.2 POTENTIAL IMPACT ON SOIL QUALITY

Potential impacts on the soil resources will start during site preparation and setting up of

rig and associated machinery and continue till the site is completely rehabilitated. The

most significant impact will be potential changes in the soils structure and degradation of

the soil quality as a result of erosion and compaction.

Alteration of Top soil Environment & Fertility

Site preparation will cause stripping and removal of the topsoil from the project site

which contains most of the nutrients and organisms that give soil a living character and

productivity. This will in turn result in minor changes of soil hydrology and the top soil

structure. However, the project design will take into account the preservation of the top

soil and its subsequent use for topping up of the rehabilitated land. In spite of this

however, the fertility of the soil stands to be affected in the site area.

Run off and Soil Erosion

During site preparation loose and uncompacted soil has a high potential for erosion.

Additionally, inadequate on site drainage provisions can also lead to increased storm

water run off from paved areas within the site resulting in soil erosion of the unpaved

areas. Removal of ground vegetation in the site surrounding areas would also result in

increase erosion potential of those areas. Excess soil erosion may indirectly affect



aquatic ecosystem by increasing level of suspended solid in receiving water bodies

thereby reducing infiltration of sunlight and dissolved oxygen availability to the water.

Compaction of Soil

The setting up of the rig and associated machinery will require a strong base for being

set up properly and piling equipment will be used for compaction of the soil, so that it

can take the load of the equipments. Compaction of the soil will also occur from heavy

truck movement in the approach road connecting State Highways to the site. The

compaction of sub soil may result in a change in soil texture thereby changing the

percolation rates, drainage patterns and water logging in the nearby areas.

Soil Contamination

Contamination of soil can result from the project activities if certain operations like

storage chemicals and fuels, cement and mud preparation, spent oil and lubricants are

not managed efficiently. Storage of chemicals and fuels, spent lubricants on unpaved

surfaces also have a potential for soil contamination. If in case, chemicals, drilling mud,

oil and lubricants are spilled accidentally on open soil, either during transportation or

during handling, it will cause soil contamination. Improper storage of drilling waste and

return/ unused drilling mud at the onsite waste disposal facility can also result in

contamination of the soil. Domestic solid waste generated from the site unless properly

disposed can cause contamination of soil.

Process waste e.g drill cuttings and return mud generated during drilling operations will

be stored and disposed on site in compliance with the regulatory requirements for on site

disposal. It has been estimated that, during the entire drilling process, approximately

800 MT of drill cuttings are likely to be generated from each well. This may cause soil

contamination, if not disposed or reused properly.

The solid waste generated from the construction labourers and temporary labour camps

may have an implications on the soil quality unless its disposed off properly. However,

the whole drilling process being a temporary activity would not cause any long term

impact on the environment.

Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures to be adopted to minimize impact on soil

environment:

• Store, preserve and protect top soil separately to use it during restoration period;

• Carry out adequate restoration of soil in the project site to the extent possible



• Restrict movement of vehicles only to designated areas within the site to the

extent possible

• Dispose process waste and domestic waste as per regulation

• Install properly designed garland drains along the site to channelize the storm

water properly

• Management of spilling of contaminants on the soil

• The drilling mud cuttings and formation cuttings will be separated in the solid

control system and conveyed to a specially designed pit (lined with HDPE) for

temporary storage

• The cuttings will be treated and disposed in accordance with CPCB regulations

specified for onshore oil and gas industry

• Proper arrangement of septic tanks and soak pits can be provided with the labour

camp

• Alternatively, labour can be locally sourced to the extent possible for avoiding the

provision of labour camp;

• Provisions for mobile toilets can be kept for labourers, which can be finally

transported to the designated disposal site

• The domestic waste can also be separated based on their types & will be sold

through the contractors to approved municipal sites.

4.3 POTENTIAL IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

A number of sources are there to cause potential impacts on air quality, which are as

follows:

• Emissions from DG sets used as part of the drilling rig

• Air pollution from the DG sets, which will be used in the temporary camps in the

site

• Flaring of gases primarily during the drilling testing phase will contribute to

additional air pollution

• Fugitive emissions during site preparation and closure phases

• Emissions from vehicular movement within the site

Fugitive emission

Fugitive emission at onshore facilities will be associated with leaking pipes and tubing,

valves, connection, open ended lines, pressure release valves, Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)



is one of the important fugitive emission from equipment leaks. Volatile Organic

Compounds (VOC) is also expected to be release during the exploratory drilling

operation. Fugitive emission will also occur due to transportation activities.

Flaring:

Flaring of gases primarily during the well testing phase will contribute to additional air

pollution in terms of release of un burnt hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon in major portion

with traces of CO2 will be emitted. Location of the flaring stack will have the potential to

affect the air quality at the nearby receptors. Flaring will involve high temperature

oxidation process to burn combustible gases that may be generated from the proposed

well. Flaring will be temporary activity.

Emissions from DG sets: DG sets are the primary contributor to air pollution at the drill

site. The primary pollutants emitted by a DG set consist of particulate matter, Oxides of

Sulphur and Nitrogen. To assess the quantitative impact of generation of gases, air

modeling has been carried out using USEPA (United State Environmental Protection

Agency) and MoEF approved model ISCST (Industrial Source Complex Short Term),

Version 3, assuming an operation time of 24 hours, in relation to onsite observed

meteorological parameters.

For the present study, ISC ST3 model is used for the prediction of maximum ground

level concentration (GLC). ISCST3 model is executed using stability classes developed by

Pasquill and Gifford.

The inputs data given to the model includes data relating to emissions (stack details as

mentioned in Table 4-1) with effective stack height, hourly meteorology details like

ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, pressure, cloud

cover etc for summer season.

After giving the input data to the model, the incremental concentration of the pollutant

due to the point sources from the proposed activities was calculated. The maximum

incremental concentration due to emission from point sources was recorded at the

respective location with its distance and direction from the proposed project site.

The maximum incremental ground level concentration was superimposed on the

maximum average baseline concentration in the respective location at the recorded

distance and direction by the model.

The detail of stack considered for air modeling is as given in Table 4-1.



Table 4-1: Stack Details

Stack attached to DG set DG Set

Capacity of DG set 4 * 500 KVA 1 * 100 KVA

Stack height 14 m 10 m

Stack Diameter 1 m 1 m

Exit Gas Velocity 12 m/s 12 m/s

Exit Gas temperature 100 deg C 100 deg C

Emission in g/s

Particulate Matter

SOx

NOx

1.17 g/s

0.75 g/s

8.84 g/s

1.17 g/s

0.5 g/s

8.84 g/s

The maximum predicted 24 hr average concentration of pollutants at that distance for

DG set Stacks is given below:

Table 4-2: Resultant Concentration due to incremental increase for DG set stack

Pollutant Incremental

Concentration

μg/m3

Baseline

Concentration,

μg/m3 *

Resultant

Concentration

μg/m3

Direction

wrt stack

location

Distance wrt

stack

location, km

PM 3.906 89 92.906 SE 0.5

SOx 2.324 13.07 15.364 SE 0.5

NOx 29.51 15.88 45.39 SE 0.5

* Baseline average concentration of location in SE direction from the project site was

considered (AQ1)

Conclusion

The above scenario will be applicable only when DG sets are operative. The principal

source of electricity for the project will be State Electricity Board. Only in rare cases

when there will be power failure DG sets will be operative and the scenario discussed

here will become applicable. Also Flaring will be temporary activity wherein the gas

produced will be burnt. Hydrocarbon in major portion with traces of CO2 will be emitted.

Hence the flaring stack is not considered in air modeling study for PM, SOx, NOx.



As tabulated in Table 4-2, the maximum incremental concentration for Particulate

matter, Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide is found to be 3.906 μg/m3, 2.324 μg/m3,

29.51 μg/m3 respectively. The incremental increase was observed in South East direction

at distance of 0.5 Km.

The incremental increase calculated by the air modelling software was super impose on

the average concentration observed at monitoring location (AQ1) which was located in

down wind direction (SE) of the project site.

It is observed from Table 4-2, that the resultant concentration for Particulate matter,

SO2 and NOx are observed to be below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards

published by CPCB during the study period.



Figure 4-1: Isopleths for PM



Figure 4-2: Isopleths for SO2



Figure 4-3: Isopleths for NOx



Mitigation measures

The mitigation measures for air quality impacts are briefly described as below:

• Adequate stack height shall be provided for proper dispersion and dilution of

pollutants

• Location of stack shall be decided at the design stage taking into consideration

nearest habitations and campsite locations

• The area shall be concreted or regular water sprinkling to be done in order to

prevent the fugitive emission

• Vehicles used shall have valid Pollution under Control (PUC) certificate and

regular maintenance to be done

4.4 POTENTIAL IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY

Water Consumption

Water shall be mainly obtained from Tanker water. No ground water abstraction shall be

done for the proposed project activity. Hence there shall be minimal impact on ground

water condition of the area.

The total requirement of water per well will be approximately 35 KLD. The water

requirement will be mainly for drilling mud preparation and domestic purposes.

Wastewater Generation

Waste water generated from the drilling activities will be in form of sewage water from

domestic usage and rig washing water.

Apart from this, there will be waste water generation in form of produced water during

extraction of oil and gas in the later stage. As with aging of field, reservoir water starts

moving into well bore and will be produced along with crude oil. This is mainly due to

increase of water saturation in Hydrocarbon pore volume. The same shall be separated

in the oil and gas separator and due to density difference, it will be drained out. The

separation process shall be done such that the traces of oil or gas are to the minimum

extent in the produced water. The water shall meet the standards for land disposal.

Waste water generated shall not be disposed off directly on land or water body. The

same shall be collected in waste water pit and later sent to authorized CETP.

Contamination of Subsurface Groundwater

Contamination of ground water can occur in case of frequent accidental discharge on

soil.



Contamination of subsurface and lower and possibly unconfined aquifers exists if the

casing and cementing of the well is not carried out properly, which may lead to

infiltration or seeping of drilling chemicals or mud into porous aquifer region.

The ground water contamination is also possible from unorganized disposal of drilling

waste and mud in a disposal facility, which may seep gradually into the ground water at

a later stage

Mitigation Measures

Following mitigation measures will be implemented for water pollution control:

• The domestic waste water generated will be disposed off through septic tank/

soak pit

• Waste water collection pit will be designed for collection of waste water

generated. Leaching of waste water shall be prevented by lining the tank by

impervious layers of HDPE liner.

• All chemicals and fuel storage areas will have proper bunds so that contaminated

run off cannot meet the storm water drainage system.

• Proper spill control and management at site to be done

• Engineering techniques implemented during drilling, cementing and casing of

exploratory wells shall be as per the standards

4.5 POTENTIAL IMPACT ON NOISE QUALITY

The potential impact on noise level may arise out due to following activities:

1. Noise from the Drilling Rig

2. Noise Emanated by machineries & equipments

3. Noise from Vehicular Traffic

Noise from the Drilling Rig

The drilling rig and associated machinery, including the high power DG set is likely to

emit noise in range of 60 to 85 dB(A) and can be experienced at a distance of 0.5 km

from the drill sites. Moreover, as drilling is a continuous activity, such noise will be

emitted during both daytime and night time leading to a significant impact on local

communities.

The high noise levels of the above range within the site also have the potential to affect

the workers on site. Continuous exposure to high noise level in workplace environment

may cause Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) and other discomforts like headaches and

increase in stress level in workers.



During site construction period and drilling operation phase, the noise will be generated

from DG set operation in the temporary labour camp.

Noise Emanated by Machineries & Equipments

In addition to the drilling activity, site preparation/ closure related activities will also

involve the operation of heavy equipment like loaders, crane, bull dozers etc. Such

heavy equipments are noted to emit considerable noise emissions which will get

dispersed in the nearby communities thus resulting in a decrease in noise quality in the

immediately adjacent settlement area. Some activities like piling may also result in

minor vibration impacts which are expected to subside to acceptable levels with

distance.

Most equipments and machinery have noise control devices. Procurement of equipments

will thus have a potential to impact the noise quality.

In addition, the operation of the flare during the testing phase is also expected to cause

noise emissions, but being intermittent in nature is not likely to cause any significant

impact in terms of permanent decrease in noise quality.

Noise from Vehicular Traffic

Vehicles used for procuring goods, materials and manpower to the drilling site and the

subsequent transportation of rig/ equipments and debris during decommissioning will

use the site approach road and village roads. This will result in increase in traffic density

in the site access road and introduction of vehicular traffic on the site approach road and

will cause increase in noise levels in the nearby settlements and other sensitive

receptors like school, hospitals etc. located within the acquired block.

Mitigation measures

The mitigation measures to be undertaken to reduce the noise emission are as

mentioned below:

• Sufficient engineering control during installation of equipments and machineries

(like mufflers in DG set) is to be ensured to reduce noise and vibration emission

level at source

• The built-in shock absorbing system in rig will reduce vibration and noise from

rotating equipments so that noise level at the periphery of the drilling well and

operational area will not exceed 75 dB (A).

• Proper and timely maintenance of machineries is to be adopted

• Effective noise barrier at the fence line of the site need to be set up



• All noise generating operations, except drilling is to be restricted to daytime only

to the extent possible

• Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) like ear plugs/ muffs is to be given to

workers at site

• Under take preventive maintenance of vehicles and machinery to reduce noise

levels.

• Local labour will be hired to the maximum extent possible to reduce the

requirement of DG sets in the camp

4.6 IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT:

Exploration operation in an area is likely to induce social and cultural changes. The key

impacts may include Land use pattern change such as conversion of agriculture fields,

land taking and exclusion. Local population levels due to immigration of labour force.

Socio economic system due to the new employment opportunity, income differential,

differences in per casita income. Aesthetic impacts due to noisy facilities, Impact on

transportation system due to increased road traffic and associated impacts.

As most of the selected exploratory drilling locations area in agriculture fields, the crops

in the surrounding area of the drilling site will be affected to some extent due to the

drilling / testing and movement of vehicles. In such cases M/s BPRL will do the adequate

compensation to the owners of the land effected and for the damaged crop.

Some damage to the existing crop at the location identified for the exploratory drilling is

inevitable. However adequate compensation will be paid to the farmers by M/s BPRL

depending upon the extent of crop loss and loss of opportunity of cultivation.

Temporary presence of nearly 40 people in the study area during drilling activity for a

period of 35-50 days at each site is unlikely to have any adverse impact on the

demographic structure of these thinly populated villages in the block. As many of the

labour force will be sought from the nearby villages, there is an opportunity for the

generation of temporary employment. Some may find indirect opportunity by providing

transport and other infrastructure facilities during the drilling period.

4.7 IMPACT ON ECOLOGY

The impact due to proposed drilling activity on ecosystem is as tabulated below:

Table 4-3: Ecosystem impact assessment of the drilling site

Potential Impacts Comment

1 Habitat Change /Habitat Originally Agriculture land/ fallow land converted



loss for the drilling site

2 Habitat disturbances Short term if only exploratory drilling Long term

if commercial production established

3 Displacement No impact

4 Blockage of area No impact

5 Breeding area No breeding area No impact

6 Migratory area Not in any migratory route, no impact

7 Herbivores grazing

pattern

Originally Agriculture land not meant for

grazing, no impact

8 Removal of vegetation Minimum vegetation removal

9 Noise of drilling Short term, transient impact

10 Lighting and Camp

activities

Short term, transient impact

11 Road construction

vegetation clearing

Minimum vegetation clearing, closure to existing

road net work

12 Site preparation

vegetation clearing

Minimum vegetation clearing

13 Flaring impact All the flaring will be elevated flare to protect the

surrounding crops

14 Abandonment plan In case the economically viable quantities of

hydrocarbon not found the abandonment should

be as per the Indian regulation and progressive

reinstatement process should be undertaken to

bring the environment to original condition



Chapter 5 Environmental Management Plan

5 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

The basis of the operational philosophy of BPRL is that the activities proposed in oil and

gas processing shall be operated in complete compliance with all applicable Laws,

Regulations, Standards and Permits, the Production Sharing Contract (PSC), BPRL

corporate policies, procedures, specifications, rules, standards and guidelines.

In order to achieve this, BPRL will establish a resource base for the management of

health, safety, environmental and social issues during construction and operation of

crude oil terminals and pipeline project. Technically qualified and experienced staff will

be deployed. Detailed procedures and plans will be developed for each activity prior to

operations start up. All persons on this project work will be experienced crew with valid

qualifications.

The HSE Management System Process which will be developed for use as part of the

implementation of the operations philosophy will be followed, together with the

commitments contained within the BPRL corporate Health, Safety and Environment

(HSE) Policy. The System also contains adequate security measures that are designed to

protect people and property.

From construction and operation activities of the process, environmental impact has

been identified, predicated and evaluated to mitigate the standards specified by the

statutory authority and minimize the impact on eco system. Environmental Management

Plan provides control measures of potential environmental impacts. Environmental

Management System for different environmental attributes is discussed in subsequent

topics.

The Environment Management Plan (EMP) is described for the following phases of the

project

• Site Planning, Designing and Equipment Selection phase

• Site Preparation Phase

• Drilling and Testing Phase

• Site Decommissioning and Closure



5.1 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN - SITE PLANNING, DESIGNING AND

EQUIPMENT SELECTION PHASE

Proper site planning and design can result in preventive mitigation measures that may

considerably reduce impacts arising out of the proposed project. BPRL’s team for

planning and designing will work in close cooperation with the Lead HSE engineer to look

at preventive options at the very beginning of the project life cycle based on findings of

this EIA study. This will ensure that the need of “end of the pipe” solutions will be

minimized to the extent possible. Some of the proposed measures that need to be

adopted are discussed below:

5.1.1 Topography, Drainage and soil management

For site preparation and elevation purposes, padding and fill materials usually will be

brought to the site and lay over the site area, to heighten it to about 2.0 m above

ground level. During this phase, following measures have to be adopted:

• The padding and fill material will have to be brought in from some nearby places

and have to laid over the site area;

• During padding and fill operations, it will also be ensured that alteration of the

natural drainage at the micro watershed level around the site is kept to a

minimum

• The slope of the padded area and the storm water drainage system will be

maintained by providing garland drain along the site to channelize the storm

water run off and drains it into the near by river

• The slope of land will be maintained during designing of the drains for the

purpose of waste water handlings at site

• Excess compaction of the soil by vehicular movement during padding and filling

will be preventing in some areas (like campsite) where it is not required

• Sediment interception barriers will be provided for run off occur during site

preparation at those points, through which, run off is expected to flow into the

garland drain

5.1.2 Procurement of contracts

Contractors will play a crucial role in all the phases of the project implementation as

significant tasks under the proposed project will be undertaken by them, hence BPCL will

also ensure that the EMP will be successfully implemented through the contractors and

they adhere to all applicable standards and regulations relating to environment.



Contractors will be required to implement both generic and site specific (if any decided)

commitments made in the EIA and will be included as part of the contract.

In addition, the following measures will be implemented during procurement hiring and

management of contracts to ensure that the environment impacts of the project are kept

to a minimum and adequately mitigated:

• Build environmental requirements and clauses based on legal requirement and

international best practices into all contracts

• BPCL has to evaluate environmental performance of the contractors on regular

basis

• Comply with vehicular standards and the Transport Management Plant

• Ensure use of suitable equipment to reduce noise and air pollution

5.1.3 Air and Noise Pollution Control

The pollution to these two parameters is highly dependent on selection of equipment and

machineries.

The major air polluting equipment will be DG set and flaring stack. Proper designing of

these equipments can reduce the impact on air environment. DG set stack height and

Flaring stack height will be provided as per the norms for proper dilution and dispersion

of pollutant in the atmosphere.

Noise generation will be major from DG set. Deployment of silent DG set with low noise

level is recommended to reduce the impact due to use of DG sets.

Flaring will be temporary activity. Design of flaring system will be in such a manner so

that air and noise emissions from flare stacks are minimized

A flare stack of minimum 30 m height, however flaring will be temporary activity and will

emit concentration of hydrocarbons.

Stack height will be based as per the statutory requirement of CPCB. The stack height

for DG sets are based on the below

H = h + 0.2 √KVA

Where H = height of stack; h = height of building/ Base of installation

Installation of proper stack height will lead to proper dispersion of pollutants

5.1.4 Waste and Waste Water Management

The waste generated due to the drilling activities is discussed in Chapter 2, Section 2.5.6

and 2.5.7, page no. 44. Based on the waste generation proper planning for disposal of



same will be done during designing stage itself in order to avoid any deterioration of

environment.

The drill cutting will be stored in HDPE lined pit in order to prevent seepage. The same

will be disposed off to approved TSDF site.

If BPRL plans to dispose off the same at site than CPCB criteria for Hazardous waste

Landfills/ Storage sites will be strictly follow. The cutting pit after being filled up will be

capped properly with an impervious liner over which a thick layer of native top soil with

proper slope will be provided, once the drilling operation is completed. In case the land is

taken on lease than this option will not be applicable and BPRL will strictly take

membership of approved TSDF site for proper disposal.

The capacity of pit to be provided at site is 200 m3. Drilling mud and produced water will

be stored in it. Drilling mud will be disposed off in HDPE line pond whereas for disposal

of produced water, container ETP shall be established at site.

Figure 5-1: Typical cross section of pit

Treatment methodology of produced water and drilling mud at site

1 Container ETP will be established at site for treatment of waste water

Oil and total suspended solids will be removed in this ETP from produced water. The

treated water shall be sent to abandoned well and reinjected.

If the norms are not met the same shall be sent to CETP for further treatment.

2 Drilling mud/ Drill cuttings will be disposed off in HDPE lined pond

The same shall be analysis for oil and grease and if it meets the norms of CPCB than the

same shall be filled in lined pond of 300 mm thickness and compacted with vibro rollers

upto its optimum moisture density.



If the drilling mud/ drill cuttings doesn’t meet CPCB criteria, Hazardous waste shall be

disposed to Common Hazardous Waste Management Facility. We have initiated the

dialogue to take member ship with SEPPL

Used oil, oily sludge and oily cotton waste will be generated. Used oil due to negligible

quantity will be used for internal purpose for greasing whereas oily cotton waste will be

send to approved TSDF site. Oily sludge generated will be handed over to authorized

recyclers.

Hazardous Waste Storage room

Generated used oil will be stored in dedicated hazardous waste storage shed. Generated

used oil will be stored in 200 liter drums.

Figure 5-2: Design of storage room

In case spillage occurs same need to be disposed off through common infrastructure

facility.

Direct manual handling of waste will be avoided. The person handling the waste will be

equipped with hand gloves resistant to the waste, respiratory mask and goggles.

Record of the hazardous waste generated will be maintained as per the Hazardous waste

rules 2008 in the prescribed format and the same will be regularly submitted to statutory

authority. Prior to dispatch of the waste to the recycler company representative will keep

a check on the valid authorization and approval obtained by the recycler from Central

Pollution Control board.

Waste water generated will be mainly in form of produce water, wash water and

domestic waste water. Domestic waste water will be disposed off in soak pit/ septic tank

arrangement.

2.5 m

3 m

Spillage collection sump

0.5 m side draining



Produced water if meet the following criteria than will be disposed off on to ground or

else the same will be collected in produced water tank made of impervious HDPE liner

and later sent to approved CETP for further treatment.

Waste water generated in form of wash water will consist of high oil content and other

impurities hence testing of same will be done. Wash water generated will be collected in

tank of impervious HDPE liner and later will be sent to CETP for further treatment.

5.1.5 Disturbance to Local Environment and Communities

The drilling activities will be strictly carried out in the land taken on lease and no

disturbance to the surrounding farm land to be done.

Proper fencing to be done surrounding the drilling land in order to avoid any damage to

property. The villagers of settlements who own the land surrounding the drill sites should

not be made to feel that their land is being invaded and activities are disrupted. Any use

of surrounding land, if required will be done only after taking necessary permission from

the land owner concerned.

Chemicals, fuel and fill material will be stored in enclosed area and handled with due

care in order to avoid any accidents. Dedicated area in lay out to be allotted during

planning stage for storage.

The flaring system will be designed and installed keeping in mind the orientation of

receptors such as settlement of nearby villages and schools, temples etc located within

both the parts of the block. The presence of labour camps within the project site will also

be taken into consideration to prevent loss of lives and minimise ground level

concentrations in the site and adjoining settlements and other sensitive receptors.

5.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN - SITE PREPARATION PHASE

During site preparation phase the major impact will be mainly on landscape, soil and

ecology. The mitigation measures to be adopted during this phase are described in this

section. It will be ensured that the contractors engaged in the site preparation will

understand the importance of the soil as an environmental parameter and will be aware

of its conservation during the entire phase of the project.

5.2.1 Top soil removal and storage

Top soil is generally the top most fertile layer of the land which supports the plant

growth. Hence protection of same will be required.

Top soil generated during excavation will be stored separately in the predefined heap

size. The same will be surrounded by a concrete or brick boundary to differenciate it



from the rest of the area. In order to prevent water from penetrating the same during

rainy season, light compaction will be done.

5.2.2 Padding and fill operations

Well padding and fill operation during site preparation will lead to compaction of the soil

thereby changes the soil texture in the area. Excessive compaction of the soil occurs due

to heavy vehicular movement during site preparation. Care will be taken that the same

will not spread out in the nearby adjacent village land and affect the activities. The same

can be avoided by appointing proper trained contractors and by providing time to time

refreshment trainings to prevent the surrounding environment.

5.2.3 Air and Noise control

The impacts during site preparation will be temporary and localized phenomenon. The

impacts would be mainly due to civil works such as site preparation comprising heavy

earthmoving, site grading, RCC foundations etc.; construction material and machinery

transportation, fabrication and erection etc.

Fugitive emission will be one of the major source of air pollution during this phase.

Concreting of area or regular sprinkling of water will be done in order to mitigate the

fugitive emission generation.

The emissions from transporting vehicle will lead to emission of Sox and NOx , HC

from the exhaust. Hence the vehicles used for transportation of construction

material will be certified with valid PUC. Proper check will be maintained at gate by

security personnel for the certification.

It should be ensured that diesel powered vehicles and construction machinery are

properly maintained to minimize the exhaust emissions as well as noise generation

All the vehicles employed for the project will comply with statutory vehicle limits

(width, height, loading, gross weight) and other statutory requirements.

The construction debris generated will be properly stored in the shed and later

should be used for leveling of low lying area and road construction.

5.2.4 Waste Management

The same has been described in previous Section 5.2.4, page no. 124.

5.2.5 Disturbance and Nuisance

During site preparation stage, there will be vehicle movement in the area due to which

there will be increase in the traffic load. Proper trained driver to be employed to avoid

the risk of accidents in the area.



Due to site preparation activities there can be damage to the public property like

underground water pipelines, over head electric wires, etc. The same will be rectified and

restored by BPRL.

Many laborers from outside will come for working at this site. Their behavior towards the

village people should be control and regulated by the concerned contractors. BPRL will

provide regular training to the contractors and their workers mentioning ‘do’ and ‘don’t’

to be followed.

5.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN – DRILLING AND TESTING PHASE

5.3.1 Air and Noise control

In addition to the measures taken during the design and planning phase, further

mitigation measures of these impacts can be achieved through management practices.

The following steps to be taken in order to reduce noise and air emission

• The emission due to flaring and DG set (stand by) will be control by engineering

controls as discussed in previous section 5.1.3, page no. 120 and section 5.2.3,

page no. 124.

• VOC emitted during the production will be burnt in flaring with associated gases.

In order to limit the emission of VOC, the handling operation will be carried out in

closed system.

• In order to prevent noise and vibration form rotating equipment the built-in shock

absorbing system in rig will be installed which will reduce noise level at the

periphery of the drilling well and operational area.

• Personnel Protective Equipments (PPE) like ear plugs/muffs is to be given to all

the workers at site and it will be ensured that the same are wore by everybody

during their shift.

• Sufficient engineering control during installation of equipments and machineries is

to be ensured to reduce noise levels at source; and also as far as possible

installation will be done during day time to reduce noise levels at night.

• D G set will be enclosed properly to avoid noise generation.

5.3.2 Waste and Waste Water

The management plant for drilling and testing phase will be as per the planning stage

and site preparation stage. (Section 5.1.4, page no. 120 and Section 5.2.4, page no.

124)



5.4 DRILLING SITE RESTORATION PLAN

• Upon completion of drilling the drilling rig and crew will demobilize from the site. All

equipment and debris will be removed and the site will be returned to an acceptable

condition as required.

• The top soil, which was segregated separately during the site preparation without

mixing with spoil material, will be respread over the surface. Once the disturbed

areas have been restored to its original level and compacted top soil will be

redistributed over the whole disturbed surface and the whole disturbed areas will be

subjected to final grading. Adequate measures will be taken to ensure that the

disturbed areas remain in rough condition, to protect the stability of top soil after its

restoration

• Special care will be taken with solidification and sealing of the cuttings pit to ensure

that there is no leaching of contaminants into the surrounding soils and that the fluid

pit is buried to sufficient depth as not to interfere with existing land-use.

• All constructed access roads will be reinstated to their original condition or a state

agreed with the state authorities.

• If a commercial discovery is made, the site will be restored to a standard acceptable

to the state authorities and consistent with future land-use.

5.5 DRILLING PROGRAM SAFETY GUIDELINES:

• All API, Indian Petroleum Act and Indian Mines Act will be strictly adhered to. Drilling

Contractor’s safety guidelines will be strictly adhered to as well as all Personnel

Safety Guidelines.

• The well site supervisor will carry out regular safety checks. All crew members will be

reminded frequently of working in a safe manner.

• The well site supervisor would ensure that the Driller and above should have a valid

“Well Control Certification”. Driller and above would have sound knowledge of the API

specification relevant to Well Control Practices (API RP53 and those prescribed in it)

and practice the same in all aspects of the job.

• The well site supervisor would maintain a separate mud material inventory and would

ensure that accurate amounts of material used are entered in the Contractor’s daily

drilling reports.

• Contractor would ensure that a document is posted in the doghouse showing

“maximum back pressure held on casing" vs. “various mud densities” and would

supply daily and weekly rig inspections by the company representative.



5.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT:

In order to mitigate the adverse impacts likely to arise during the exploratory drilling

activities, well-planned EMP will be adopted for the smooth commissioning and

functioning of the project. Keeping this in view the following measures will be followed

to avoid undesirable impacts in the future.

Suggestions are given below:

• Protection of persons against dust emissions during construction and transportation

activities

• During construction/drilling activity, local people should be given preference

regarding jobs in un skilled and semi-skilled categories on temporary basis

• Proper compensation for land loosers

• A waste disposal plan should be chalked out to mitigate adverse impacts on

agriculture and human health

• Communication with the local community, landloosers should be institutionalized to

get local people into confidence, so as to avoid any misconception amongst local

people against the project in future

• For social welfare activities to be undertaken by the project authorities, collaboration

should be sought with the local administration, gram panchayat etc. for better co-

ordination

Compensation on land acquisition

On selection of drilling well locations, land required will be taken on lease from the

farmers. Valuation of crops (if any) and land will be assessed as per the industry

standards and the owner will be compensated on the agreed terms

Commitment on Swach Bharat Abhiyan

BPRL as a part of “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” will carry out the cleaning activity every

Thursday afternoon by dedicating two hours during the drilling of the wells at project

site.

Need based assessment study and its implementation

The parent company of BPRL i.e BPCL being socially responsible Government of India

company, undertakes many corporate social responsibility initiatives in different parts of

country and also in state of Gujarat. In line with the CSR initiatives of parent company,

the operator (BPRL) will identify the requirements of the people/ society in and around

the project site, after need assessment by CSR team. A detailed program will be tailor



made to resolve the issues and requirements of the villagers near the drill site, as per

the company policy.

5.7 OCCUPPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMMES FOR EMPLOYEES

AND LABOURERS

BPRL will provide their employees with working conditions that are free of known

dangers. The following steps will be taken as part of the occupational health surveillance

program:

• Regular health check up of drilling crews will be carried out as the crews are

engaged in continuous drilling operation

• Job rotation for workers and labour force will be ensured for twice a day (12

hours shift) as such the labourers get sufficient rest

• Workers engaged in high noise exposed area will be provided with ear plugs, ear

muffs etc to avoid Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) problems;

• BPRL will provide sufficient food and drinking water supply to their workers, so as

to avoid any kind of health impact;

• BPRL have to try to eliminate or reduce hazards first by making changes in

working conditions rather than just relying on masks, gloves, ear plugs or other

types of Personnel Protective Equipments (PPEs)

• BPRL will inform its employees prior to the starting of drilling work about hazards

through training, labels, alarms, color coded system etc

• Additionally, BPRL has its own EHS policies, compliance with which is likely to be

maintained during the entire project lifecycle

5.8 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

• A full fledge Environment Management Cell will be developed with the entire

necessary infrastructure and man power.

• A proper record will be maintained by the cell for the quantity of fuel and water

consumption along with the different types of waste generated.

• A regular monitoring program will be carried out for various environment

parameters.

• Proper environment & safety policy should be planned.

• The environment management cell comprising experienced and qualified

personnel reporting to the In-charge regarding environmental performance and

monitoring of environmental quality will be created



• Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will meet at least once a month to assess

the progress and analyze the data collected for the month. Any

deviation/variation noticed will be immediately taken into consideration for

improvement of the same. Yearly action plan of EMP will be updated with respect

to results achieved and proposed activities for next year.

During operational phase of the proposed plant, overall implementation of EMP lies with

the project proponent for compliance. In order to have effective implementation of EMP,

the following structure of Environment Management Cell is followed.

Figure 5-3: Organization Chart with Environment Management Cell at corporate level of BPRL

The major duties and responsibilities of Environmental Management Cell will be as given

below:

• To implement the environmental management plan

• To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations

• To ensure regular operation and maintenance of pollution control devices.

• To minimize environmental impacts of operations as by strict adherence to the

EMP

• To initiate the environmental monitoring as per approved schedule

• Review and interpretation of monitoring as per approved schedule and corrective

measures in case monitoring results are above the specified limits

• Maintain documents of good environmental practices and applicable

environmental laws as ready reference

• Maintain environmental related records



• Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants, monitoring

laboratories

• Maintain of log of public complain and the action taken

Allocation of Resources, Responsibility and Authority will results in successful

implementation of EMP during construction and operational phase.

5.9 BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

Table 5-1 depicts the resources required during construction and operation stages and

the estimated budget against each resource for environment management.

Table 5-1: Estimated cost of implementation of EMP for each site

Activities Budget allocation

Disposal cost of produced water : 3.75 lakhs per month

Fire fighting system : 23 lakhs

Construction of septic tank/ soak pit : 4 lakhs

Environmental Monitoring And Management : 45 Lakhs

Occupational Health & Safety : 60 Lakhs



Chapter 6 Environment Monitoring Plan

6 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN

Based on the baseline conditions of the area and the environment management plan, a

detailed monitoring program for the construction and operation phase is designed.

Environment monitoring will serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environment

conditions due to operation of the project. Regular monitoring of environment

parameters will serve as a measure to check the efficiency of Pollution control measures

implemented. Company will appoint MoEF - NABL approved laboratory for the sampling

and analysis of environment parameters.

The main attributes for which monitoring will be carried out are:

• Ambient air Quality

• Stack Emission

• Drinking water Quality

• Wastewater Quality

• Drinking water Quality

• Noise Level

6.1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING

The ambient air quality with respect to NOx, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5, VOC, HC shall be

monitored at project location.

The selected monitoring stations shall be monitored for a period of 24 hours quarterly.

The log book shall be maintained at environmental cell for evaluation of impact and to

decide required mitigatory measures

6.2 STACK MONITORING

The stacks in the proposed project will be monitored on quarterly basis, with respect to

temperature, oxides of nitrogen (NOx), Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Sulphur

dioxide (SOx), VOC level, HC, CO. It is also recommended the relevant parameter should

be monitored by external agency approved by MoEF - NABL.

6.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Monitoring of the noise levels is essential to assess the effectiveness of Environmental

Management Plan implemented to reduce noise levels. A good quality sound level meter

and noise exposure meter may be procured for the same. Audiometric tests shall be



conducted periodically for the employees working close to the high noise sources. The

noise levels due to machines/equipments should be monitored regularly.

6.4 WATER AND WASTE WATER QUALITY MONITORING

Drinking water will be analyzed to check the drinking water standards as prescribed in IS

14001:2012. Waste water generated (if any) in form of produced water will also be

analyzed before sending to CETP

6.4.1 Environment laboratory

Methods prescribed in "Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater"

prepared and published jointly by American Public Health Association (APHA), American

Water Works Association (AWWA) and Water Pollution Control Federation (WPCF), Book

on Water and Wastewater Analysis published by NEERI, Nagpur are recommended for

collection and analysis of water and wastewater samples.

Table 6-1: Monitoring schedule

Area of

monitoring

Number of

sampling

station

Frequency of

Sampling

Parameters to be analyzed

Ambient air

Quality

Onsite = One

Villages=One

Quarterly PM10 and PM2.5

NOx, SO2, HC, VOC

Stack

Monitoring

All the stacks Quarterly Temperature, NOX, SO2, SPM

Noise Near all the sound

generating

devices and near

the project site

Quarterly (day

time and night

time)

Sound pressure level (Leq)

Produced

water

Produced water

pond

Before sending to

CETP

pH, Conductivity, TDS, TSS,

BOD, COD, Oil and grease

Environmental management cell shall be created and qualified persons would be in

charge of monitoring. The detail of same is discussed in chapter 5.

6.5 POST PROJECT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING BUDGETARY ALLOCATION:

The total cost allocated for post project monitoring is given in chapter 5



Chapter 7 Project Benefit

7 PROJECT BENEFIT

The project is envisaged to improve physical infrastructure, social infrastructure to local

community besides providing and increasing job opportunities to the local population.

At national level, provided the project is successful, it is bound to have tremendous

economic benefit to the nation by decreasing the ever growing dependence on foreign oil

import bill.

The proposed project is aimed at increasing the production of crude oil and natural gas

towards filling the gap between national demand and supply. The project will also help in

meeting the energy requirements of the nation and generate employment opportunities

Though the presence of BPRL will be only 4-6 months on each well site, BPRL is

committed to provide the services for the upliftment of local community in the nearby

villages. The different activities to be undertaken by the company are mentioned as

below:

• Environmental awareness in school at near by Villages.

• Programs for environmental education and public participation shall be

developed with the help of audio visual aids to create awareness about the

activities.

• Proper awareness campaign shall be organized for water conservation.

• Free Medical check-up camps.

• In order to increase the aesthetic environment, plantation program shall be

carried out in the near by villages.

• Fire & Safety Training will be imparted to employees and those in vicinity.

• Fire fighting and Safety Week will be organise and quiz and essay

competitions will be organized to develop awareness on the subject.

• Celebration of World Environment Day every year on 5th June will be marked

by plantation of number of trees in order to develop awareness in them about

protecting environment from pollution and to save earth.

• Community Awareness programmed like Aids awareness, Polio camps, Eye

camps and blood donation camps will be organized in vicinity from time to

time for the benefit of people living in the surrounding area



Need assessment study and its implementation

The parent company of BPRL i.e. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited being a socially

responsible Government of India company undertakes many corporate social

responsibility initiatives in different parts of country and also in state of Gujarat. In line

with the parent company CSR initiatives, the Operator (BPRL) will identify the

requirements of the people/society in and around the project site after need assessment

by CSR team. A detailed programme will be tailor made to resolve the issues and

requirements of the villagers near the drill site, as per company policy

Details on Swach Bharat Abhiyan Commitment

BPRL as part of corporation wide effort for “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” will carry out the

cleaning activity every Thursday Afternoon by dedicating for two hours during drilling of

the wells at the project site.

7.1 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

There will be increase in the employment facilities due to the upcoming project. The total

no. of worker to be employed will be approx 40 during drilling activity at each site.

In case success of the project the employment opportunity is bound to increase.



Chapter 8 Summary & Conclusion

8 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Bharat PetroResources Limited (BPRL) - 100% subsidiary of Bharat Petroleum

Corporation Ltd (BPCL), a Government of India enterprise, is engaged in Exploration and

Production of crude oil and natural gas. Under NELP-IX bid round, BPRL led consortium

has been awarded one on-land block CB-ONN-2010/8, in Cambay basin.

BPRL on behalf of the consortium, as the lead operator for the block, proposes to carry

out drilling at allotted block CB-ONN-2010/8 in Gujarat. The block is divided in to two

parts namely Part A and Part B covering three districts i.e Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar and

Kheda. The total area covered by the block is 42 sq km. Total 8 Exploratory drilling wells

are proposed to be drilled within the block boundaries.

The proposed project activity of exploratory drilling will involve site preparation, drilling

and testing of well and if proved unsuccessful, decommissioning & closure of the site.

The project will involve exploratory drilling of 8 wells upto a depth of 1800 m to 3500 m.

The exact well locations and drill site though not determined will strictly be confined

within the block itself, typically requiring a lease land of 120 m × 120 m area for each

well.

As Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) study report has been prepared for this

exploratory drilling project based on existing baseline environment quality data collected

for pre monsoon season for the entire block; Identification and prediction of significant

Impact due to the proposed exploratory drilling process followed by delineation of

appropriate impact mitigation measures and suggesting for implementing this measures

by preparing an Environment Management Plan (EMP).

The proposed project of exploratory drilling intends to ensure whether the acquired block

have potential for future production of oil and gas in sufficient quantity. The drilling and

associated activities, required to be carried out, will be done in an environmentally sound

manner to the extent possible and would not have any adverse effects on the natural

environment of the surrounding area.

8.1 SALIENT FEATURES OF PROJECT

The salient features of the project are discussed Table 8-1.



Table 8-1: Salient Features of the Project

Description Details

Well Locations : Not yet finalized

Depth of well : 1800 m – 3500 m

Commencement of drilling : Nov 2015

Activities involved : Temporary land leasing, Site & access road

preparation, drilling of well, well testing,

decommissioning and closure of well

Area required : 120 m * 120 m

Total estimated drilling period : 60 days per well

Total Estimated Testing Period : 25 days

Proposed Drilling Fluid : Water Based Mud

Estimated truck load : Approx 20 -25 nos.

Manpower Requirement : Approx 40 persons

Water Requirement : 35 KLD

Rig Capacity : 1200 – 1500 HP

DG set back up : 4 * 500 KVA

1 * 100 KVA

HSD requirement : 5 – 6 KLD

Waste from drilling process : 800 MT of drilling cutting and used oil

8.2 OVERALL JUSTIFICATION FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT

The exploratory drilling of well is a process of evaluating the potential of the area in

terms of oil and gas production. Additionally, historical background of the area also

shows that, the area is a significant source of oil and gas exploration. The

implementation of this drilling activity will further ensure the accuracy of the same.

8.3 CONCLUSION

During the environmental assessment study, all possible environmental aspects have

been adequately addressed and necessary control measures have been suggested to

meet with statutory requirement.



The proposed exploratory drilling project will contribute to economic growth in indirect

way and may help in meeting the increasing demands of oil and gas if proved to be

economically beneficial for future production.



Chapter 9 Disclosure of Consultant

9 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

The preparation of EIA was done by M/s Detox Corporation Pvt. Ltd. having NABET

accreditation for conducting EIA studies for project activities listed under onshore oils

and gas exploration, development and production. The baseline study for the project was

conducted by in-house laboratory of M/s Detox Corporation Pvt. Ltd. having NABL

certification. The EIA Team engaged in the preparation of EIA report consist of

professionals with multidisciplinary skill and relevant experience required for undertaking

this project. Following are the specific roles and responsibilities of the key team

members:

KEY FACTS

Established in the year – 1995

Our Growth through years -

1995: Laid Foundation Stone of Firm Activities covered fabrication & equipment

supply

1997: Developed Turnkey execution.

1997: Developed core competence for conducting Environment Audits.

1998: Developed a Full Fledged Laboratory

1998: Construction of ETP’s & STP’s

2000: Developed core competence for preparation of EIA Study Reports

2002: Expansion and Modernization of Lab & Office.

2004: Certified for ISO 9001: 2000 (QMS)

2004: Established First Branch Office at Gandhidham, Kutch

2005: Tie up with Ozmotech, Australia for Converting Waste Plastic to Diesel

2006: Foundation laid for setting up a Total Hazardous Waste Management site at

Kutch, Gujarat

2008: Started Development of Integrated Common Hazardous waste management

facility in Kutch region in name of SEPPL

2013: Started Development of Integrated Common Hazardous waste incineration facility

in Dahej region in name of SEPPL



ACCREDITATIONS

• ISO 9001-2008 certification

• NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories)

• NABET (National Accreditation Board for Education & Training) registration from

Quality Council of India as EIA Consultant

REGISTRATIONS

• Class AA Contractor registration from Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC)

• Recognized Environmental Auditors from GPCB

• MoEF Registration for recognized Environmental Lab.

LIST OF EC & FAE INVOLVED IN REPORT PREPARATION

The list of experts involved in report preparation with authorization for MD of

organization is attached as second page of report

Documents

Final Environmental Impact Assessment Reportenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/26022015ONH6NMRG... · Final Environmental Impact Assessment Report ... Bharat PetroResources