ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORTenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FormB/EC/EIA_EMP/... · A M/s. UniStar Environment and Research Labs Pvt. Ltd., Vapi Declaration by

EIA CONSULTANT ORGANIZATION UNISTAR ENVIRONMENT AND RESEARCH LABS PVT. LTD., VAPI – GUJARAT

(NABET Accredited Consultant Organization, Sr. No. 160 in the List of ACO/Rev.36/ 5th November 2015 )

PROPOSED NEW PROJECT FOR MANUFACTURING

Synthetic Organic Chemicals-

Activity: 5(f) Category- B

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Located at:

Plot No. 1250, GIDC Notified Industrial Area,

Sarigam, Dist-Valsad (Gujarat).

FOR

The proposed project of mfg. of the synthetic organic chemicals

Plastic and Paint Additives (Organic Phosphites) @300/ TPM

and Organic Phosphates @150/ TPM

Activity: 5(f) Category-B

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT REPORT

Located at:

Plot No. 1250, GIDC Notified Industrial Area,

Sarigam, Dist-Valsad (Gujarat).

EIA CONSULTANT ORGANIZATION

UNISTAR ENVIRONMENT AND RESEARCH LABS PVT. LTD., VAPI – GUJARAT (NABET Accredited Consultant Organization, Sr. No. 160 in the List of ACO/Rev.36/ 5th November 2015 )

A

M/s. UniStar Environment and Research Labs Pvt. Ltd., Vapi

Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals, GIDC, Sarigam, Dist.-Valsad (Gujarat)

I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA.

EIA Coordinator:

Name: Mr. Haresh P. Joshi

Signature & Date: 07/12/2015

Period of involvement: January -2015 to till obtaining clearance.

Contact information: M/s. Unistar Environment And Research Labs Pvt. Ltd., White House, Near

GIDC Office, Char Rasta, Vapi (Gujarat)-396195. Tel. No. : 0260-2433966,

E-mail: [email protected]

Functional Area Experts:

**attached additional sheet, *See overleaf for the details Sr.

No.

Functional

Areas Name of the experts

Involvement

(Period & Task**) Signature& Date

1 AP* Mr. Haresh .P. Joshi March-2015 to May-

2015

2 WP* Mr. G.G.Thumar

Mrs. Neelam J. Rohit

March-2015 to May-

2015

3 SHW*

Mr. Haresh .P. Joshi

Mr. G.G.Thumar

Mr. Manish Patel

March-2015 to May-

2015

4 SE*

Dr. Shital Tamakuwala

Mr. Arik Vasava

March-2015 to May-

2015

5 EB* Mr. Ranjan Maharaj March-2015 to May-

2015

6 HG* Mrs. Neelam J. Rohit

Mr. Mukesh Surolia

March-2015 to May-

2015

7 GEO* Mr. Mukesh Surolia March-2015 to May-

2015

8 SC* Mr. Ranjan Maharaj March-2015 to May-

2015

9 AQ* Mr. Haresh .P. Joshi

Mr. Manish Patel

March-2015 to May-

2015

10 NV* Mr. G.G.Thumar

Mr. Vipul Thanki

March-2015 to May-

2015

11 LU* Mrs. Neelam J. Rohit

March-2015 to May-

2015

12 RH* -- March-2015 to May-

2015

--

B


Contributed as “Team Member” in the project:

Sr.

No. Functional Areas

Name of the

Team Member

Involvement

(Period & Task**)

1. AP

Mr Jaivik Tandel

Mr. Kirit Mistry

Mr. Manish Patel

Mrs. Kamini Prajapati

March-2015 to May-2015

2. WP

Mrs. Sejal Patel

Mr. Jaivik Tandel

Mr. Bhavin Patel March-2015 to May-2015

3. SHW

Mrs. Sejal Patel

Mr. Kamlesh Joshi

Mr. Mayur Patel March-2015 to May-2015

4. SE

Mrs. Manisha A. Vasava


5. HG

Mr. Bhavin Patel


6. SC

Mr. Nitin Tandel


7. AQ

Mr. Kirit Mistry


8. V (of NV)

Mr. Vipul Thanki


9. RH

Mrs. Sejal Patel

Mr. Manish Patel

Mr. Mayur Patel March-2015 to May-2015

C


Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization I, Haresh P. Joshi, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA of M/s.

Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals, GIDC, Sarigam, Dist.-Valsad (Gujarat), I also confirm that I shall

be fully accountable for any misleading information mentioned in this statement.

Signature:

Name: Haresh P. Joshi

Designation: Managing Director

Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: Unistar Environment and Research Labs Pvt. Ltd.

NABET Re-accreditation Letter No.- NABET/EIA/RA021/092 , Dated: 14-10-2014.

D


Involvement and task of the Functional Area Experts

S. No.

Functional Areas

Name of the experts / associates / team member

Task

1

AP*


Mr Jaivik Tandel*

Mr. Kirit Mistry*

Mr. Manish Patel*

Mrs. Kamini Prajapati*

Air pollution monitoring.

Meteorological parameter measurement.

Identification & assessment of quantum of emission and its Mitigation measures.

2 WP*

Mr. G.G.Thumar


Mr. Manish Patel@

Mrs. Kamini Prajapati@

Mrs. Sejal Patel *

Mr. Jaivik Tandel*

Mr. Bhavin Patel*

Water Quality monitoring network designing.

Sampling of water samples (surface and ground water).

Monitoring of water quality.

Water Balance, budgeting and water conservation.

Identification & assessment of quantum of water pollution and its Mitigation measures.

ETP Suggestion.

3 SHW*


Mr. G.G.Thumar

Mr. Manish Patel @

Mrs. Sejal Patel *

Mr. Kamlesh Joshi*

Mr. Mayur Patel*

Identification of hazardous and non hazardous wastes.

Reuse and recycling of solid wastes.

Handling and disposal of Non- Hazardous solid waste & Hazardous waste.

4 SE*

Dr. Shital Tamakuwala

Mr. Arik Vasava@

Mrs. Manisha A. Vasava*

Baseline socio economic survey(Interviews, Questionnaires, focused group discussion)

Evaluation of Socio economic development status of the area.

Enterprise social commitment provisions.

CSR Activity planning.

5 EB* Mr. Ranjan Maharaj

Conducted Ecological survey & preparation of status report.

Application of taxonomy in resource inventory (Flora & Fauna)

List of species animals and plants report.

Identification & assessment of ecological impact due to proposed project and its Mitigation measures.

6 HG*


Mr. Mukesh Suroliya

Mr. Bhavin Patel*

Hydrological studies & analysis preparation of drainage patterns of the study area.

Analysis and description of aquifer characteristics.

Preparation of water budget details.

Rain water harvesting proposal to recharge bore-wells.

7 GEO* Mr. Mukesh Surolia Geology & Geomorphologic analysis and

preparation of maps.

8 SC Mr. Ranjan Maharaj Sampling analysis & characterization of soil

quality.

Soil pollution & contaminated soil probability and

E


its mitigation measures.

9

AQ*


Mr. Manish Patel @

Mr. Kirit Mistry*

Ambient Air Quality monitoring network designing.

Processing of micrometeorological data for using in model.

Air quality modelling through ISC- Aermod for proposed prediction of impact due to proposed installation of D.G. Sets.

10

NV* Mr. G.G.Thumar

Mr. Vipul Thanki@

Monitoring of noise levels of the project site and surrounding area.

Assessment of noise level and vibration potential due to proposed project and its mitigation measures.

11

LU* Mrs. Neelam J. Rohit

Secondary data collection from Organisation (Govt & Private).

Preparation of topographical maps (SRTM Data).

Analysis of Data related to Land use pattern and Preparation of Land use map using GIS tools and its classifications.

Verification of present status by visiting the site and surrounding area.

12

RH

Mrs. Sejal Patel*

Mr. Manish Patel*

Mr. Mayur Patel*

Identification of hazards due to proposed project.

Identification of hazardous substances in the proposed project.

Preparation of risk assessment report and onsite emergency plan.

@ : Working as Associate Functional area experts.

* : Contributed as Team Member under able guidance and are our proposed experts /

associates.

S. No. Functional Area

Code Complete name of the Functional Areas

1. AP Air Pollution Prevention, Monitoring & Control

2. WP Water Pollution Prevention, Control & Prediction of Impacts

3. SHW Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Management

4. SE Socio-Economics

5. EB Ecology and Biodiversity

6. HG Hydrology, Ground Water & Water Conservation

7. GEO Geology

8. SC Soil Conservation

9. AQ Meteorology, Air Quality Modelling& Prediction

10. NV Noise/ Vibration

11. LU Land Use

12. RH Risk Assessment & Hazard Management

Page | I

PREFACE

The trend of the industrial development in the India has shown the tremendous rise in its frequency and quantum. It has become the most essential phenomenon of the development of India. Because of the increasing industrialization many problems have shouted immediate attention towards the consequence of the problems. If attention to these problems is not given on priority basis, the future of our offspring will be horrible. To ensure better living on Earth, it has become essential to look deep in to the problems arising due to the industrialization & allied development. Each and every country facing the similar problem and hence it has become a Global issue. So, what is needed is, the clarity and presence of mind to be able to strike a proper balance between these developmental process and ecology; i.e. establishment or up-gradation of one should not lead to the degradation of other. To control the negative impact at the source is better, as Environmental problems have cumulative impact so, redemption at a later stage will lead to considerably high costs and irreversible damages. After all, there is only one world or mankind which if ruined poses a great threat to man’s continuing existence. Keeping in mind, MoEF, Delhi has published a notification vide SO 1533, dated 14th Sept 2006 regarding the necessity & applicability of Environmental Clearance for many industrial or developmental activity. This notification is intended to encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment. The act has brought about a profound impact on actions affecting the environment by requiring environmental considerations to be included in decision making, process covering number of projects and activities. Specifically, MoEF requires each agency to prepare a detailed statement of Environmental impact before proceeding with any major action that may significantly affect the quality of the human Environment. Especially the project or activity covered under Schedule of the notification SO 1533 are required to prepare an EIA report to get Prior EC before implementation of the project activity. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals proposes a new unit manufacturing of “Synthetic Organic Chemicals- Organic Phosphites and Organic Phosphates” – serving India’s customers, as well as to international markets. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals is located in GIDC area of Sarigam of Valsad District. The present study of Environmental Impact Assessment has been conducted for the purpose of obtaining EC for proposed new project of Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals and this report is being presented to depict the details of the environment, proposed new project and associated issues which are revealed during the study. Any error detected in the report is due to oversight and unintentional. All efforts will be made to cover-up the shortcomings and remove the errors from the report. In process of compiling this report, we were earnestly supported & helped by individuals of Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals& various departments of Government. We are grateful to all of them as well as our team members who have worked hard to successfully complete this EIA study. Haresh P. Joshi MD & EIA Coordinator Unistar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd., Vapi Date: 07th December 2015 Place: Sarigam

Page | II

INDEX

CHAPTER- 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1-1 1.1.1 About The Company………………………………………………………………………………………… 1-1

1.1.2 About Proponents ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 1-1

1.2 PROPOSED PROJECT…………………………………………………………………………………………….... 1-1

1.2.1 Nature & Type of Project………………………………………………………………………………….. 1-1

1.2.2 Products & Capacity of Project……………………………………………………………………….... 1-2

1.2.3 Project Location……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1-2

1.2.4 Regulatory Framework……………………………………………………………………………………… 1-2

1.3 TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR EIA STUDY…………………………………………………………………… 1-3

1.4 NEED & SCOPE OF EIA STUDY…………………………………………………………………………………. 1-4

1.4.1 Need of EIA Study………………………………………………………………………....................... 1-4

1.4.2 Public Hearing………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1-4

1.4.3 Scope & Objective of EIA Study………………………………………………………………………… 1-4

1.5 APPROACH & METHODOLOGY OF EIA STUDY………………………………………………………… 1-6

1.6 STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT……………………………………………………………………………………. 1-9

CHAPTER -2: DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.1 HIGHLIGHT OF PROJECT…………………………………………………………………………………………. 2-1 2.1.1 PROPOSED PRODUCTS……………………………………………………………………………………… 2-3

2.1.2 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT……………………………………………………………………………… 2-3

2.1.3 PROJECT SITE……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2-4

2.2 RESOURCE REQUIREMENT…………………………………………………………………………………..... 2-6

2.2.1 LAND &BUILDINGS………………………………………………………………………………………..... 2-6

2.2.2 WATER……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2-8

2.2.3 ENERGY,FUEL & POWER ………………………………………………………………………………….. 2-9

2.2.4 PLANT & MACHINERY………………………………………………………………………………….…… 2-10

2.2.5 HUMAN RESOURCE………………………………………………………………………………………..… 2-11

2.2.6 CAPITAL………………………………………………………………………………………………………….... 2-11

2.3 DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS & ALLIED DETAILS………………………………………………………… 2-12

2.3.1 Raw materials ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2-12

2.3.2 Manufacturing Process…………………………………………………………………………………….. 2-12

2.4 POLLUTION POTENTIAL & CONTROL MEASURES……………………………………………………. 2-16

2.4.1 Air Pollution Sources & Control……………………………………………………………………..…. 2-16

2.4.2 Wastewater Generation & Management……………………………………………………….... 2-17

2.4.3 Solid & Hazardous Waste Generation & Management……………………………………… 2-18

2.4.4 Noise & Vibration Generation & Control………………………………………………………….. 2-19

2.4.5 Greenbelt Development & Rainwater Harvesting………………………………………….…. 2-19

2.5 Occupationall Health & Safety………….......................................................................... 2-19

2.5.1 Hazardous Materials & Their Management………………………………………………………. 2-19

2.5.2 Occupational Health Management…………………………………………………………………… 2-21

Page | III

CHEPTER-3: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIONMENT

3.1 GENERAL………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3-1 3.1.1 Purpose & Objective Of Baseline Study…………………………………………………………….. 3-1

3.1.2 APPROACH & METHODOLOGY OF BASELINE STUDY…………………………………………. 3-2

3.1.2.1 Study Area ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3-2

3.1.2.2 Sampling & Monitoring Location……………………………………………………………….. 3-3

3.1.2.3 Study Period & Frequency of Sampling………………………………………………………. 3-7

3.1.2.4Method of Sampling………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-8

3.2 DESCRIPTION OF BASELINE ENVIRONMENT STATUS………………………………………………. 3-8

3.2.1 Land Environment…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-9

3.2.1.1Geological Features…………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-9

3.2.1.2 Topographical Features………………………………………………………………………………. 3-10

3.2.1.3 Seismology………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-12

3.2.1.4 Land Use/Land Cover………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-12

3.2.1.5 Soil Quality………………………………………………………………………............................ 3-16

3.2.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT……………………………………………………………………………………. 3-18

3.2.2.1 Geohydrology…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-18

3.2.2.2 Water Quality of Study Area…………………………………………………………………….… 3-19

3.2.3 MICRO METEOROLOGY ……………………………………………………………………………………... 3-22

3.2.3.1 Humidity…………………………………………………………………………………………………..… 3-22

3.2.3.2Temperature………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-22

3.2.3.3Rainfall……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-22

3.2.3.4 Mixing Height……………………………………………………………………………………………… 3-22

3.2.3.5 Wind Pattern………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-22

3.2.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT…………………………………………………………………………………………... 3-25

3.2.5 AMBIENT NOISE………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-26

3.2.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT …………………………………………………………………………….. 3-27

3.2.6.1 Flora of the Sudy Area………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-29

3.2.6.2 Fauna of the Study Area……………………………………………………………………………… 3-35

3.2.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT…………………………………………………………………….. 3-40

3.2.7.1 Demography………………………………………………………….......................................... 3-41

3.2.7.2 Literacy………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-42

3.2.7.3 Occupational Structure……………………………………………………………………………….. 3-43

3.2.7.4 Public Amenities …….…………………………………………………………………………….. 3-44

3.2.7.5 Socio-Economic Indicators……………………………………………………………………………. 3-46

CHAPTER-4: ANTICIPATED IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 GENERAL………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4-1 4.1.1 Phases of Impacts Assessment Study……………………………………………………………….. 4-1

4.1.2 Environmental Attributes & Parameter…………………………………………………………….. 4-2

4.1.3 Major Considerations……………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-3

4.2 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTING ACTIVITIES & PROBABLE IMPACTS……….……………… 4-6

4.2.1 Impacting Activities…………………………..……………………………………………………………… 4-6

4.2.2 Types & Nature of Impacts……………………………………………………………………………….. 4-7

4.3 DESCRIPTION OF ANTICIPATED IMPACTS & MITIGATIONS….………………………………….. 4-8

Page | IV

4.3.1 Land Environment……………………………………………………………………………………………… 4-8

4.3.1.1 Mitigation Measures……………………………………………………………………………………. 4-10

4.3.2 Water Environment…………………………………………………………………………………………… 4-11

4.3.2.1 Anticipated Impacts…………………………………………………………………………………..… 4-11


4.3.3 Air Environment………………………………………..…………………………………………………….... 4-13

4.3.3.1 Anticipated Impacts……………………………………………………………………………………. 4-13


4.3.4 Ecological Environment…………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-24

4.3.4.1 Anticipated Impacts…………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-25

4.3.4.2 Mitigation Measures………………………………………………………………………………….... 4-26

4.3.5 Socio-Economic Environment……………………………………………………………………………. 4-27

4.3.5.1 Anticipated Impacts ……………………………………………………………………………………. 4-27


4.3.6 Noise & Vibration………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4-29



4.3.7 Occupational Health & Safety……………………………………………………………………………. 4-31



4.4 EVALUATION OF IMPACTS……………………………………………………………………………………… 4-33

CHAPTER-5: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

5.1 GENERAL………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5-1 5.1.1 Objective of Environmental Monitoring Program…………………………………………….. 5-1

5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM………………………………………………………….. 5-2

5.2.1 Environmental Attributes & Locationof Sampling…………………………………………….. 5-2

5.2.2 Environmental Monitoring Parameters & Schedule………………………………………….. 5-3

5.2.3 Environmental Monitoring Methods………………………………………………………………... 5-4

5.2.4 Report& Documentation…………………………………………………………………………………. 5-4

5.2.5 Budgetary Provisions………………………………………………………………………………………… 5-5

CHAPTER-6: ADDITIONAL STUDIES

6.1 GENERAL………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-1 6.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION…………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-1

6.3 RISK ASSESSMENT& DISASTER MANAGEMENT……………………………………………………... 6-1

6.3.1 Hazard Identification……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-2 6.3.2 Identification of Hazardous Area………………………………………………………………………. 6-2 6.3.3 Failure Frequencies……………………………………………………………………………………..…… 6-3 6.3.4CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS & CONTROL MEASURES…………………………………………... 6-5 6.3.4.1 Consequence Analysis of PCl3……………………………………………………………………… 6-5 6.3.4.2 Consequence Analysis of Hydrogen Chloride………………………………………………. 6-6 6.3.4.3 Consequence Analysis of POCl3…………………………………………………………………… 6-7 6.3.5 Emergency Response Guideline……………………………………………………………………………. 6-9 6.3.5.1 Emergency Response Guidelines for Phenol…………………………………………………. 6-9 6.3.5.2 Emergency Response Guidelines for PCI3……………………………………………………… 6-15

Page | V

6.3.5.3 Emergency Response Guidelines for POCI3……………………………………………………. 6-20 6.3.5.4 Emergency Response Guidelines for Butanol…………………………………………………. 6-25 6.3.5.5 Emergency Response Guidelines for Cresol……………………………………………………. 6-28 6.3.5.6 Emergency Response Guidelines for Ethyl hexanol-2…………………………………….. 6-32 6.3.5.7 Emergency Response Guidelines Diesel………………………………………………………….. 6-33 6.4 SOCIAL STUDY AND R & R ACTION PLAN……………………………………………………………….. 6-36

CHAPTER-7: PROJECT BENEFITS

7.1 IMPROVEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURES…………………………………………………………………… 7-1 7.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL………………………………………………………………………..……………. 7-1

7.3 OTHER TANGIBLE & INTANGIBLE BENIFITS……………………………………………………………… 7-1

CHAPTER-8: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 GENERAL……………………………………………………………………………………………….................... 8-1 8.1.1 Source & Significance of Considered Impacts……………………………………………………. 8-1

8.1.2 Objective & Scope of EMP……………………………………………………………………………… 8-5

8.2 Environment Management Cell…………………………………………………………………………….. 8-6

8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN……………………………………………………………….. 8-7

8.3.1 Air Pollution Sources & Control …………………..………………………………………………….. 8-8

8.3.2 WasteWater Generation &Management.……………………………………………………….. 8-10

8.3.3 Hazardous & Non-Hazardous waste Management…………………………………………… 8-12

8.3.4 Noise & Vibration Generation & control…………………………………………………………… 8-13

8.3.5 Protection of Ecological Feature……………………………………………………………………….. 8-15

8.3.6 Hazardous/Non-Hazardous Material Management…………………………………………… 8-16

8.3.7 Occupational Health & Safety ………………………………………………………………………….. 8-18

8.4 Other Important EMP…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8-20

8.4.1 Cleaner Production Action…………………………………………………………………………….… 8-20

8.4.1.1 Resource Recovery, Reuse/ Recycle & Conservation…………………………………. 8-20 8.4.1.2 Energy conservation…………………………………………………………………………………… 8-21 8.4.2 Greenbelt Development………………………………………………………………………………..… 8-22

8.4.3 Socio-Economic Welfare and CSR……………………………………………………………………….. 8-24

8.4.4 Reporting…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8-26

CHAPTER-9: SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

9.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION…………………………………………………………………………………………... 9-1 9.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT & BASELINE ENVIRONMENT STATUS……………………... 9-3

9.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIROMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES…………………………... 9-5

9.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM……………………………………………………………….. 9-6

9.5 ADITIONAL STUDY………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9-7

9.6 PROJECT BENEFITS……………………….………………………………………………………………………… 9-7

9.7 ENVIROMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN…………………………………………………………………... 9-7

9.8 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9-11

CHAPTER-10: DISCLOSURE OR CONSULTANT ENGAGED

10.1 ABOUT UNISTAR ENVIRONMENT AND RESEARCH LABS PVT. LTD…………………………. 10-1

Page | VI

LIST OF ANNEXURE

ANNEXURE I Compliance with Awarded TOR ANNEXURE II Input & output of APM ANNEXURE III Meteorological data ANNEXURE IV Environmental Methods ANNEXURE V GIDC Plot Allotment Letter ANNEXURE VI Other Documents Related & Proposed Project ANNEXURE VII CSR Activity Chart for Proposed Project ANNEXURE VIII Treatability report of Proposed ETP Annexure IX Manufacturing Process

ANNEXURE X Undertaking (for not diggingbore well )

ANNEXURE XI Disaster Management Plan

ANNEXURE XII MSDS In CD

ANNEXURE XIII End use of the products of

ANNEXURE XIV Hazardous characteristics and toxicity of raw material

Page | VII

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Approach & Methodology of EIA Study………………………………………………….… 1-6 Figure 2.1 Map of Project Site……………………………………………………………………………….... 2-5 Figure 2.2 Plant Layout……………………………………………………………………………………………. 2-7 Figure 2.3 Site Plan…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2-8 Figure 2.4 Water Balance Diagram…………………………………………………………..……………… 2-18 Figure 3.1 Base Map of Study Area…………………………………………………………………………. 3-5 Figure 3.2 Sampling & Monitoring Locations Map (5 km)……………………………………….. 3-6 Figure 3.3 Digital Terrain Model of Study Area (10 km)………………………………………….. 3-10 Figure 3.4 Topographic Map of Study Area (10 km)………………………………………………… 3-11 Figure 3.5 Landuse area of 10 km radius of Study Area…………………………………………… 3-14 Figure 3.6 Satellite (Bhuvan 2D) Image of Study Area……………………………………………… 3-14 Figure 3.7 LULC Map of Study Area………………………………………………………………………… 3-15 Figure 3.8 Wind Frequency Distribution Chart……………………………………………………….. 3-23 Figure 3.9 Wind Rose Diagram………………………………………………………………………………… 3-24 Figure 3.10 Forest Cover of Study Area…………………………………………………………………….. 3-28 Figure 3.11 Total population of Study Area………………………………………………………………. 3-41 Figure 3.12 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes…………………………………………………... 3-42 Figure 3.13 Literacy details……………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-42 Figure 3.14 Occupational Layouts…………………………………………………………………………….. 3-43 Figure 3.15 Main Workers………………………………………………………………………………………… 3-43 Figure 3.16 Marginal Workers…………………………………………………………………………………… 3-44 Figure 4.1 Estimated Mixing Height Profile of Study Area……………………………………….. 4-17 Figure 4.2 Contour of Predicted Incremental GLC of PM10……………………………………… 4-19 Figure 4.3 Contour of Predicted Incremental GLC of SOX……………………………………………………………… 4-20 Figure 4.4 Contour of Predicted Incremental GLC of NOX…………………………………………………………….. 4-21 Figure 4.5 Contour of Predicted Incremental GLC of HCl…………………………………….. 4-22 Figure 4.6 Figure: Graph of 1st highest 24 Hourly Average Incremental GLC for 20

Discrete Polar Receptors at 500 mt interval in downwind direction……….. 4-23

Figure 8.1 Environment Management Cell………………………………………………………………. 8-7

Page | VIII

LIST OF TABLE

Table 1.1 List of Promoters………………………………………………………………………………………… 1-1 Table 2.1 Highlight of Project…………………………………………………………………………………….. 2-1 Table 2.2 List of Products & Byproducts with Capacity………………………………………………. 2-3 Table 2.3 Area Statement For The Plant Premises……………………………………………………… 2-6 Table 2.4 Breakup Of Water Requirement…………………………………………………………………. 2-9 Table 2.5 Energy, Fuel & Power Requirement……………………………………………………………. 2-9 Table 2.6 Major Machineries & Equipment………………………………………………………………… 2-10 Table 2.7 Human Resource Requirement………………………………………………………………….. 2-11 Table 2.8 Capital Cost………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2-11 Table 2.9 Product Wise Raw Material Requirement………………………………………………….. 2-12 Table 2.10 Details of Utility Emission & Control Measures…………………………………………… 2-17 Table 2.11 Details of Wastewater Generation……………………………………………………………… 2-18 Table 2.12 Details of Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation & Management…………………… 2-18 Table 3.1 Salient Features of Project Area (10 Km)…………………………………………………….. 3-3 Table 3.2 Sampling & monitoring Locations (Study Area - 5 Km)………………………………… 3-4 Table 3.3 Frequency of Environmental Monitoring……………………………………………………. 3-7 Table 3.4 Method of Environmental Sampling & Analysis………………………………………….. 3-8 Table 3.5 Land use area details for (10 km Radius)…………………………………………………….. 3-13 Table 3.6 Details of Soil sampling locations……………………………………………………………….. 3-16 Table 3.7 Soil Quality of Study Area (6th April 2015)………………………………………………….. 3-17 Table 3.8 Hydrogeological well Inventory of the existing well around the site…………… 3-18 Table 3.9 Details of Water Sampling Locations…………………………………………………………… 3-19 Table 3.10 Surface water Quality of Study Area…………………………………………………………... 3-20 Table 3.11 Ground water Quality of Study Area…………………………………………………………... 3-21 Table 3.12 Wind Frequency Distribution Data……………………………………………………………… 3-23 Table 3.13 Ambient Air Monitoring Locations……………………………………………………………… 3-25 Table 3.14 Ambient Air Quality of Study Area………………………………………………………………. 3-25 Table 3.15 Ambient Air Monitoring Locations………………………………………………………………. 3-26 Table 3.16 Ambient Noise Level in Study Area…………………………………………………………….. 3-27 Table 3.17 List of Major Flora………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-29 Table 3.18 List of Wildly Occurring Flora………………………………………………………………………. 3-30 Table 3.19 List of fauna recorded from Forest Department…………………………………………. 3-36 Table 3.20 Population Details (2011)……………………………………………………………………………. 3-41 Table 3.21 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes…………………………………………………… 3-41 Table 3.22 Literacy Details (2011)………………………………………………………………………………… 3-42 Table 3.23 Occupational Layouts…………………………………………………………………………………. 3-43 Table 3.24 Marginal Workers……………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-44 Table 3.25 Amenities of Study Area-Education……………………………………………………………. 3-44 Table 3.26 Amenities of Study Area-Drinking & Irrigation Water…………………………………. 3-45 Table 3.27 Amenities of Study Area-Communication & Transport……………………………….. 3-45 Table 3.28 Amenities of Study Area-Bank, Approach Roads & Electricity…………………….. 3-45

Page | IX

Table 4.1 (a) Impacting Activities Of Proposed Project…………………………………………………. 4-7 Table 4.1 (b) Type & Nature of Identified Impacts………………………………………………………… 4-8 Table 4.2 Details of Source Input…………………………………………………………………………….. 4-15 Table 4.3 Details of Emission Input…………………………………………………………………………. 4-15 Table 4.4 Details of Receptors Input……………………………………………………………………….. 4-16 Table 4.5 Summarized Details of Meteorological Input…………………………………………… 4-16 Table 4.6 Predicted Ambient Air Quality…………………………………………………………………. 4-18 Table 4.7 Predicted Ambient Air Quality…………………………………………………………………. 4-18 Table 4.8 Matrix Evaluation for proposed project without mitigation measures

(Construction Phase)……………………………………………………………………………….. 4-36

Table 4.9 Matrix Evaluation for proposed project with mitigation measures (Construction Phase)………………………………………………………………………………..

4-37

Table 4.10 Matrix Evaluation for proposed project without mitigation measures (Operation Phase)…………………………………………………………………………………….

4-38

Table 4.11 Matrix Evaluation for proposed project with mitigation measures (Operation Phase)…………………………………………………………………………………….

4-39

Table 5.1 Monitoring Points/Locations & Components………………………………………….. 5-2 Table 5.2 Environmental Monitoring Parameters & Schedule………………………………… 5-3 Table 5.3 Table 6.1 Table 6.2 Table 6.3 Table 6.4

Budgetary Provisions for EMS…………………………………………………………………. Details of raw materials of proposed project………………………………………….. Identification of Hazardous Raw Materials as per MSIHC Rules (2000)…….. Typical failure frequencies………………………………………………………………………. Failure Rates for Pressure Storage/Transfer……………………………………………

5-5 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-4

Table 8.1 Environment Management Cell……………………………………………………………….. 8-7 Table 9.1 List of Products & Byproducts with Capacity…………………………………………… 9-1 Table 9.2 Details of Environmental sampling frequency…………………………………………… 9-4 Table 9.3 Details of Environment Monitoring Program……………………………………………… 9-6

SANDHYA PLASTICIZERS & CHEMICALS EIA Report for proposed manufacturing of Synthetic Organic Chemicals- Organic Phosphites & Organic Phosphates

UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-01: Introduction (QCI-NABET Accredited) 1-1

CHAPTER: 01

INTRODUCTION

1.1. GENERAL

1.1.1. About The Company

M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals is located at Plot No. 1250, GIDC, Sarigam – 396155. Tal.

Umbergaon, Dist. Valsad. The company has acquired adequate plot in the notified industrial

estate of Sarigam hence no other land outside of the industrial estate is required. The company

proposes to manufacture products under the category “Synthetic Organic chemicals” (Organic

Phosphites & Organic Phosphates). Business for the product has bright future and lucrative in

various region of India and abroad. The company has been promoted by four promoters and

the company will start its operation of the unit after obtaining the EC and other statutory

clearances/ consents/ permissions.

1.1.2. About Proponent

The company is a partnership firm and is promoted by four partners. The details related to

them are given below:

Table 1.1: List of Promoters

Sr.

No. Name of Directors Residential Address

1. Mr. Kantilal M. Koli

Plot No. 203 & 204, Residential Bunglow Area, Sauravh Society, GIDC, Vapi

– 396195.Dist. Valsad (Gujarat).

2. Mrs. Sandhya K. Koli



3. Mr. Snehal K. Patel



4. Mr. Smit K. Patel



1.2. PROPOSED PROJECT

1.2.1. Nature & Type of Project

M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals proposes to establish their product manufacturing unit

at Plot No. 1250, GIDC, Sarigam – 396155. Tal. Umbergaon, Dist. Valsad. (Gujarat) India. The

proposed new project involves the production of “Plastic & Paint additives & Organic

phosphates” which are Synthetic Organic Chemicals, For the proposed new project, the

company intends to procure the available latest technology for manufacturing the proposed

products.



As per the EIA notification‐ 2006 as amended the proposed new project involves the

production of “Plastic & Paint additives & Organic phosphates” which falls under item no. “5(f)

– Synthetics organic Chemicals industries as per the EIA notification- 2006, hence required

Prior Environmental Clearance.

1.2.2. Products & Capacity of Project

The unit is a new project proposed for manufacturing of the synthetic organic chemicals -

(Organic Phosphites & Organic Phosphates) at rate of 1011.40 MT per Month. These chemicals

groups includes following products.

Plastic and Paint Additives (Organic Phosphite): Tri Phenyl Phosphite, Diphenyl Isodecyl

phoshite, 2-Hexyl Diphenyl phosphite, Phenyl Di-IsodecylPhosphite, Tri –DecylPhosphite, Tri

TrisdecylPhosphite, TrisNonyl Phenyl Phosphite, Diphenyyl Tridecyl Phosphite (DPTDP), Tetra

Phenyl Dipropylene Glycol Phosphite (THOP), Poly (Dipropylene Glycol) Phenyl Phosphite

(DHOP), 4,4-Isopropylidene bis (diisodecyl Phenyl Phosphite), Distearyl pentaerythritol

Diphosphite (DPEDP), Tris ( 2,4 ditert butylphenyl) Phosphite, Tris ( 2,4 ditert amylphenyl )

phosphite, etc.

Organic Phosphates: Tri aryl and Alkyl Phosphate Triphenyl Phosphate, Tricresyl Phosphate,

Tributyl Phosphate, CresylDiphenyl Phosphate, etc.

By products: Hydrochloric Acid( 30 % Solution) & Phenol

1.2.3. Project Location

The proposed project of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals will be established at Plot No.

1250, GIDC, Sarigam – 396155. Tal. Umbergaon, Dist. Valsad. The Sarigam is situated in

southern most part of Gujarat. The Arabian sea is situated in west direction, which is about 7.5

Km W away from the GIDC industrial Estate. The nearest interstate boundary (Dadra & Nagar

Haveli) is situated at distance of about 7 Km. Nearest wildlife sanctuary (D & NH Wild Life

Sactuary) is situated at about 14 KM. The project site is well connected with state & national

Highway network.

1.2.4. Regulatory Framework

The proposed project is of synthetic organic manufacturing unit with proposal of utilization of

some chemicals having flammable & toxic hazards; hence the regulatory framework related

with the hazardous or toxic chemicals as well as regulatory provision of risk, emergency &

safety management are applicable to the proposed project. The regulatory provision related

with hazardous material handling, manufacturing, storage & transportation are also applicable

to the proposed project. Few of the material are petroleum products and may have potential

of fire & explosion; hence applicability of the relevant acts & rules shall be verified at time of

operation. The transportation is proposed through road network and so the applicability of

road transport and other related regulations are required to confirm. The unit will have

potential of pollution and also attracts the provisions of EIA notifications 2006- SO 1533 (as

amended). Thus, the proposed project may be required to comply with many regulatory

provisions. The proponent shall follow the regulatory frame work as listed below and additional

applicable provision shall also be referred timely as cited as mandatory provision for proposed



project. In any case, proponent shall comply with the regulatory provision as directed through

particular regulatory provision. The major regulatory provisions applicable to the proposed

project area listed below.

1 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 amended 1987 and rules there under

2 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 amended 1988 & rules there under

3 The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, amended 1991 and rules there under

4 Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 amended 2000 and 2003

5 Manufacture Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 amended 2000

6 Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996

7 EIA Notification, 2006 as amended timely (2009, 2011)

8 Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001.

9 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 amended 1992 and rules there under

10 Factories Act, 1948 & rules there under (Gujarat Factories Rules, 1963)

11 The Petroleum Act, 1934 & rules there under

12 The Static and Mobile Pressure Vessels (Unfired) Rules, 1981

13 The Motor Vehicle Act, 1988 & rules there under

The proposed unit is being new unit has obtained NOC for its proposed project. CC&A for

proposed project will be obtained after obtaining the EC. The company will always ensure that

the proposed unit complies with all statutory requirements as timely issued in form of EC, NOC,

CC&A, Other order & circular from the concern authorities. The CC&A & EC compliance report

of the proposed unit will be submitted regularly as required by statutory provisions.

1.3. TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR EIA STUDY

In line with the sequential proceeding for Prior EC described in EIA Notification SO 1533 (as

amended), proponent had applied in Form-I along with pre-feasibility report for approval of

Terms of Reference for proposed project. The application was made to the SEAC, Gandhinagar

on 5th January 2015 as the project is to be developed in the notified industrial area/estate

which is out of 5 km radial distance from interstate boundary (Dadra & Nagar Haveli- 7KM &

Daman- 8KM). The application & proposal had been considered by the committee in its 230th

meeting held on 24th March 2015. On 29th March 2015, approved TOR with additional

information & conditions for terms of reference for EIA study for proposed project had been

issued by SEAC vide letter no. EIA-10-2014-6895-E/1038, dated 29/05/2015. Committee had

noticed that the proposed project is falling under category 5(f) –“B” as per the EIA Notification-

2006 (as timely amended) and issued the above said letter for approved/awarded TORs.

Committee has noted that public hearing / consultation is not required due to project being

located in the notified industrial area/estate established before 2006. The SEAC had earmarked

the area covering 5 km radial area from site for monitoring & sampling as well as for

preparation of some maps for proposed EIA study. With respect to the awarded /Approved

TOR, the present EIA study has been conducted for the proposed EIA study in area covering & 5

km radial distance from site. All points of TORs issued by EAC has been addressed in the study

and covered in the present EIA report under respective heading. The details of Terms of



Reference including the copy of letter for TOR issued by SEAC and the tabular compliance

report for the issued TOR are presented in Annexure-I.

1.4. NEED & SCOPE OF EIA STUDY

1.4.1. Need Of EIA Study

As mentioned in earlier section 1.2.4, the proposed project being a synthetic organic

manufacturing unit falls under category 5(f)-B in line with the applicability of these legal

provisions of SO 1533, an application for approval of TOR for EIA for prior environmental

clearance had been made in Form 1 to the SEAC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat for approval of draft

TORs as well as to obtained the awarded TOR for preparation of an Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) for project appraisal to obtain environmental clearance for proposed project

depending upon the nature and location specificity of the project. The SEAC, has cited many

requirements for environmental studies and has issued a set of awarded TOR which mentions

that a detailed EIA study has to be conducted as per the applicability of SO 1533. Hence, the

present EIA study has been conducted as it is mandatory requirement as per applicability of SO

1533.

1.4.2. Public Hearing

As per the applicability of provision for Public Hearing of SO 1533 and other order & recent

circular under the SO 1533, category ‘A’ and category ‘B1’ projects or activities situated in

notified industrial area/estate (established before 2006) are exempted from public

consultation. After issuing of TOR, MoEF has issued a circular for exemption from PH for the

unit situated in industrial estates developed before 2006. Considering this recent circular,

public hearing is not required to be conducted for the proposed unit.

1.4.3. Scope & Objective of EIA Study

M/s. Sandhya Plasticizer & Chemicals, Sarigam has appointed M/s. Unistar Environment &

Research Labs Pvt. Ltd, Vapi as Environmental Consultants to carry out the Rapid

Environment Impact Assessment for the project of upcoming expansion project for

manufacturing of synthetic organic chemical unit to be situated at Plot No. 1250, GIDC

Industrial Estate, Village-Sarigam of Valsad district of Gujarat.

The major objective of the present EIA study is to determine the change in impact due to the

project proposed. The present report is outcome of EIA study conducted during March 2015

to May 2015 as per awarded TORs by SEAC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The area of study is a

radial coverage of 5 Km around the proposed site. While deciding the scope of the EIA study,

the awarded TOR as presented in Annexure-I has been referred to comply with all conditions

provided therein for EIA study. The scope of this study is to receive approval of SEAC,

Gandhinagar for Environmental Clearance. Besides, the report will have scope of utilization

for approval from other government authorities like GPCB.

The objectives of the present EIA conducted for the development of a proposed project are

to examine the following with respect to the TORs awarded by SEAC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat:



Collection & study of details regarding the activities, operations, processes, utilities,

machineries, equipment, and other materials & requisites related to construction and

operation phase.

Characterization and benchmarking of existing environmental status of a study area

surrounding the project site.

Carrying out Environmental monitoring and analysis for parameters like Air, Water, Marine,

Noise, Soil and Biological Environment.

Collection of meteorological parameters like humidity, wind speed, wind direction etc.

Identification of the probable environmental impacts due to the construction and operation

of the proposed project on the existing environmental parameters.

Preparation of an environmental monitoring & management plan to minimize the adverse

impacts due to the project(s) and formulation of a post – operational monitoring scheme.

Preparation of a Risk Assessment report as well as disaster management plan to meet the

safety and emergency requirements during probable hazards & disasters.

The main objectives of the present environmental impact assessment study are:

To assess the prevailing environmental status of project area- 5 km radial area from

proposed site situated in Notified Industrial Area –GIDC Estate of Sarigam, Gujarat

To prepare necessary maps of project area- 5 km radial area from proposed site situated in

Notified Industrial Area – GIDC Estate of Sarigam, Gujarat to comply with awarded TOR and

to improve EIA quality.

To identify potential sources of impacts of proposed unit, which includes impacts due to

emission, water consumption & wastewater disposal, hazardous & solid waste generation

& disposal, noise generation, contamination of environment by chemicals, toxic effects of

raw materials & products, hazards & risk of various operations and employment & other

social aspects of projects.

To predict and evaluate the major impact on environment along with pollution control

measures taken especially for emission as well as various probable hazards like fire,

explosion & toxic dispersion.

To ensure that there will not be considerable impacts on wild life sanctuary, forest & other

sensitive area of situated in the surrounding area through preparing adequate EMP & EM

plans

To ensure that there will not be considerable impacts on air quality, water quality &

quantity, human health and flora & fauna of the surrounding area through preparing

adequate EMP & EM Plans

To ensure that all necessary action plan are prepared for implementation to avoid any

critical environmental & safety issue in the surrounding area due to proposed project

operation

To prepare an EIA Study report with efficient environment management plan.

To utilize any content or whole report of present EIA study for applicable statutory

clearances for proposed project and/or any other management purpose.



1.5. APPROACH & METHODOLOGY OF EIA STUDY

The EIA study for the proposed project has been conducted with respect to the process cycle of

EIA as suggested by MoEF vide SO 1533 as well as provided in TGM issued by MoEF. The stages of

approaches & methodology of EIA study has been presented in illustrative form in the figure 1.1

and detailed in subsequent paragraphs.

Figure 1.1: Approach & Methodology of EIA Study

The summarised details of the EIA cycle followed during the study for proposed project is

described below as various phases:

Screening

Scoping and consideration of alternatives

Baseline data collection

Impact prediction

Assessment of alternatives, delineation of mitigation measures and environmental impact

statement



Environment Management Plan

EIA Review

Application for EC

Screening

Screening is done to see whether a project requires environmental clearance as per the statutory

notifications. Screening Criteria are based upon:

Scales of investment;

Type of development; and,

Location of development.

A Project requires statutory environmental clearance only if the provisions of EIA notification and/or one

or more statutory notification cover the proposed Project.

Scoping

Scoping is a process of detailing the terms of reference of EIA. It has to be done by the consultant

in consultation with the project proponent and with reference to the guidance of MoEF as well as

if needed from Impact Assessment Agency.

The Ministry of Environment and Forests has published guidelines for different sectors, which

outline the significant issues to be addressed in the EIA studies. Quantifiable impacts are to be

assessed on the basis of magnitude, prevalence, frequency and duration and non-quantifiable

impacts significance is commonly determined through the socio-economic criteria. After the

areas, where the project could have significant impact, are identified, the baseline status of these

should be monitored and then the likely changes in these on account of the construction and

operation of the proposed project should be predicted.

Baseline Data

Baseline data describes the existing environmental status of the identified study area. The site-

specific primary data should be monitored for the identified parameters and supplemented by

secondary data if available.

Impact Prediction

Impact prediction is a way of ‘mapping’ the environmental consequences of the significant

aspects of the project and its alternatives. Environmental impact can never be predicted with

absolute certainty and this is all the more reason to consider all possible factors and take all

possible precautions for reducing the degree of uncertainty.

The following impacts of the project should be assessed:

Air

Changes in ambient levels and ground level concentrations due to total emissions from point, line

and area sources

Effects on soils, materials, vegetation, and human health

Noise

Changes in ambient levels due to noise generated from equipment and movement of vehicles



Effect on fauna and human health

Water

Availability to competing users

Changes in quality

Sediment transport

Ingress of saline water

Land

Changes in land use and drainage pattern

Changes in land quality including effects of waste disposal

Changes in shoreline/riverbank and their stability

Ecology

Deforestation/tree-cutting and shrinkage of animal habitat.

Impact on fauna and flora (including aquatic species if any) due to contaminants/pollutants

Impact on rare and endangered species, endemic species, and migratory path/route of animals.

Impact on breeding and nesting grounds

Socio-Economic

Impact on the local community including demographic changes.

Impact on economic status

Impact on human health.

Impact of increased traffic

Environment Monitoring and Management Plan

Efficient mitigation plan should be drawn up for the selected option and is supplemented with an

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to guide the proponent towards environmental

improvements. The EMP is a crucial input to monitoring the clearance conditions and therefore

details of monitoring should be included in the EMP.

Delineation of mitigation measures including prevention and control for each environmental

component.

Delineation of monitoring scheme for compliance of conditions

Delineation of implementation plan including scheduling and resource allocation.

An EIA report should provide clear information to the decision-maker on the different

environmental scenarios without the project, with the project and with project alternatives.

Uncertainties should be clearly reflected in the EIA report.

Review of Draft EIA Report, Preparation of Final EIA Report & Application for EC

The draft EIA report prepared for proposed project should be reviewed at different level (From

Coordinator to Technical Experts/FAEs) and then necessary changes and modification shall be

made for imperative version of EIA Report for submission/ further application. During this stage,

all necessary details to address the queries or suggestion raised in reviewing process. After

carefully reviewing the all details and issues cited by experts, final EIA report shall be prepared &

submitted along with the application for EC for Environmental Clearance of the proposed project.



1.6. STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT

The report has been suitably structured covering various aspects like project description,

baseline conditions, environmental impacts, mitigation measures, environmental management

plan. The EIA report has been prepared chapter wise in accordance with generic structure

suggested by MoEF in EIA notification. The report of the EIA study for the proposed projects

has been prepared in the following structure.

Chapter 1 Introduction: This chapter includes details like Identification of project & project

proponent, Brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance, Scope

of the study – details of regulatory scoping carried out (As per Terms of Reference)

Chapter 2 Project description: Description of the project (based on project feasibility study),

Details are provided to give clear picture of the following:

Type & Need of project and Size or magnitude of operation

Maps showing Project Location, plant layout & study area.

Technology and process description

Description of facilities, infrastructure, resource requirement, pollution potentials & mitigation

measures implemented for control of pollution

Chapter 3 Description of the Environment: This chapter includes the baseline environmental

information of the project area and related details as mentioned below.

Study area & period, components & methodology of study

Establishment of baseline for valued environmental parameters, as identified in scope

Base maps of necessary environmental Components/Features

Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures: This chapter comprises

Details of Investigated Environmental impacts due to project establishment, possible accidents,

project design, regular operations, final commissioning of project. The details covered in

chapter are tabulated below.

Assessment of significance of impacts (Criteria for determining significance, Assigning significance)

Measures for minimizing and / or offsetting adverse impacts identified.

Chapter 5 Environmental Monitoring Program: Technical aspects of monitoring the

effectiveness of mitigation measures (incl. Measurement methodologies, frequency, location,

data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget & procurement

schedules)

Chapter 6 Additional Studies: Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

Chapter 7 Project Benefits: Improvements in the physical & social infrastructure, Employment

& Other tangible benefits

Chapter 8 Environmental Management Plan: Description of the administrative & managerial

aspects of ensuring that mitigation measures are implemented and their effectiveness

monitored, after approval of the EC, NOC and CC&A



Chapter 9 Summary & Conclusion: Overall justification for implementation of the project,

Explanation of how, adverse effects have been mitigated

Chapter 10 Disclosure of Consultants Engaged: The introduction & description of the

consultants engaged and nature of consultancy rendered.


UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-02: Description of Project (QCI-NABET Accredited) 2-1

CHAPTER: 02 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.1. HIGHLIGHT OF PROJECT

Proposed unit of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals is a new unit for manufacturing of

synthetic organic chemicals to be situated at Plot No. 1250, GIDC Industrial Estate, Sarigam,

Gujarat. The company has yet not started any activities as the EC & other statutory

permissions/clearance is required to be obtained. The company will manufacture 450

MT/Month of synthetic organic chemicals and 414.90 MT/Month HCl as by-product after

obtaining EC & CC&A. The synthetic organic chemicals include mainly 2 products groups for

which the company has proposed to setup a manufacturing unit at aforesaid location. As per

the EIA notification- 2006 (as amended timely) products are covered under any category 5(f)

required Prior Environmental Clearance.

The details of the proposed project are summarized as highlight of the project in the following

table.

Table 2.1: Highlight of Project

Sr.No. Particulars DETAILS

1. Company Type & Registered Address

Small Scale, Partnership Firm M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals Plot No.: 1250, GIDC Notified Industrial Estate, Village. Sarigam, Tal. Umergaon, Dist.: Valsad (Gujarat) India.

2. Name and Location of project

As Above (Item No. 1)

3. Coordinates Lat.: 20°18'18.93"N,Long.: 72°51'11.34"E

4. Name of Applicant- M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals (b) Address: (i) Postal As Above (Item No. 1) (ii) E-mail [email protected], [email protected] (c) Phone (i) Land line +91-260-2430875 (ii) Mobile +91-9725260270 (iii) Fax: +91-260-2430875

5. Year of Commissioning The proposed unit being a new unit will be commissioned after obtaining E.C., NOC & CC&A

6. Nature of project New Unit for Manufacturing Synthetic Organic Chemicals

7. Land Type of Project Site Industrial Plot situated in Notified Industrial Estate

8. Is land procured or to be procured for new project or for expansion?

The land is already acquired for the unit from GIDC, Sarigam, Gujarat

9. Screening category (as per SO 1533 as timely amended)

5(f) – “Synthetics Organic Chemicals” Category: “B”

10. Total area 5040.00 m2

11. Land for Green belt 1512.30 m2(30.01%)within premises and along plant



Sr.No. Particulars DETAILS

boundary

12. Cost of project Rs. 350.00 Lakhs for the proposed unit

13. Capital and recurring Cost earmarked for EMP:

Capital cost for EMP: Rs. 25 lakhs and Recurring cost for EPM: Rs. 18Lakhs /Year

14. Water requirement, Industrial: 29.00 KLD Domestic: 5.00 KLD Greenbelt: 5.00 KLD Total: 39.00 KLD Source: Pipeline of GIDC Water Supply Department, Sarigam.

15. Power requirement and source

200 KVA From Dakshin Gujarat Vij. Co. Ltd.

16. D.G.Set 1 X 200 KVA & as standby arrangement Fuel requirement Diesel (HSD): Total 50 ltr/Hr.

17. Utilities Boiler-1 No. of 1000 Kg/Hr capacity Thermopack- 1 Nos of 6 LakhKcal/Hr capacity

Fuel Requirement BagasseBrickets: For Boiler- 2MT/Day For Thermopack- 1 MT/Day Total- 3 MT/Day

18. Waste water Generation & Disposal

Domestic: 4.00 KLD Sewage disposal through septic tank & soak pit. Industrial Effluent: 6.00 KLD Treated in in-house ETP unit and treated effluent will be disposed off through GIDC underground drainage to CETP, Sarigam.

19. Emissions Utility emission PM <150 mg/NM3, SOX<100 PPM, NOX<50 PPM after Bag filter for Boiler and Thermopack Stack-I: Boiler&Thermopack (Ht.-15 Mt., Dia-200 mm), Stack-II: DG Set 1x200 KVA (Ht.-15 Mt., Dia-200 mm) Process emission HCl 20 mg/NM3after ring jet scrubber + Mist eliminator + demister Stack-III: Process Vent (Ht.-11 Mt., Dia-150 mm)

20. Resource Recovery Reuse/Recycling

Phenol recovery by Distillation for reuse in process & sell as by product

HCl recovery by Process Scrubber for sell as by product

21. Solid/Hazardous Wastes & Management

ETP Waste: 10.0 MT/Annum (Sent to TSDF site) Process Residue: 27.00 MT/Annum (Common Incineration facility) Used Oil: 100 Lit./Yr. (Sold to approved recycler) HDPE Bags: 3000 Nos./Annum (Sold to approved scrape dealers/recycler) Discarded Container: 400 Nos./Yr (Sold to approved scrape dealers/recycler)



2.1.1. PROPOSED PRODUCTS

As mentioned in earlier chapter M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals has proposed to setup a unit for

manufacturing of Synthetic Organic chemicals. The proposed products& byproducts along with

production capacity are presented below in tabulated form.

Table 2.2: List of Products &Byproducts with Capacity

Sr.

No. Product Name

Quantity

(TPM)

1 Plastic and Paint Additives (Organic Phosphite) (Tri Phenyl Phosphite, DiphenylIsodecylphoshite, 2-Hexyl Diphenylphosphite,

Phenyl Di-IsodecylPhosphite, Tri –DecylPhosphite, Tri TrisdecylPhosphite,

TrisNonyl Phenyl Phosphite, DiphenyylTridecylPhosphite (DPTDP), Tetra Phenyl

Dipropylene Glycol Phosphite (THOP), Poly (Dipropylene Glycol) Phenyl

Phosphite (DHOP), 4,4-Isopropylidene bis (diisodecyl Phenyl Phosphite),

DistearylpentaerythritolDiphosphite (DPEDP), TRIS ( 2,4 ditertbutylphenyl)

Phosphite, TRIS ( 2,4 ditertamylphenylphosphite, etc.)

300.00

2 Organic Phosphates (Tri aryl and Alkyl Phosphate, Triphenyl Phosphate, Tricresyl Phosphate, Tributyl

Phosphate, CresylDiphenyl Phosphate, etc.)

150.00

3. By products :

Hydrochloric Acid( 30 % Solution) 414.90

Phenol 46.00

TOTAL 910.90

2.1.2. JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT

The proposed products have very high demand for manufacturing of plastic and paint products

manufactured in the region of proposed project and other areas of our country. The products

are now well established and acceptable in the international markets.Manufacturing of

proposed products in the country is very much economical compare to imports of the same

and also the export of the same can earn extra revenue generation for our county. There is a

huge demand of the proposed products in the export market as well as local market. Proposed

products are widely used and are in demand in the domestic Chemical industry.

Keeping these in mind, company have identified the demand for the proposed products and

with continuous R&D of company found that it can be developed and produce commercially for

domestic market as well as for export markets. The proposed project will provide a potential

growth opportunity for the company. Export of these products may also increase the foreign

revenue.

There will be very good opportunity of employment generation directly and indirectly due to

proposed new project.



2.1.3. PROJECT SITE

As described in earlier sections, the proposed unit of – M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals

will be setup at Plot No. 1250, Notified Industrial Estate of GIDC, Sarigam, Ta – Umbergaon,

Dist – Valsad (Gujarat). The GIDC Industrial estate has all required infrastructure like electricity,

roads, transportation etc. Also it is to be noted that the nearby area of the GIDC estate has

considerable human resource which is required to be employed for social upliftment of the

area. The estate is in Umargaon Taluka in Valsad District of Gujarat State, India. And the study

area as per the TOR awarded is 5 Km radial area from the proposed project.

The project area is situated in the southern part of Gujarat State and shares some area of UT of

Daman and UT of Dadra & Nagar Haveli. The area has global identity for its industrial

development since many decades especially in Vapi GIDC, adjoining UTs and Sarigam GIDC. The

area has contributed significantly in the development of our Nation’s economy through the

excellent industrial growth. The area has considerably developed in last few decades by sharing

vital input through industrial development and implementation of government actions/plan of

development. The area has been selected as the production hub by many large banner

industries of chemicals, pharmaceutical, pesticides, and textileand plastic sectors.

The Damanganga river flows west into the Arabian Sea. The river

flowsthrough Maharashtra and Gujarat states, as well as the Union territories of Daman and

Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. The industrial towns of Vapi, Dadra and Silvassa lie on the

north bank of the river, and the town of Daman occupies both banks of the river's estuary.

The map of project area showing the project site and surrounding area as well as various

infrastructures is presented below.



Fig.2.1 Map of Project Site



2.2. RESOURCE REQUIREMENT

The proposed project is a new in production unit of for production of s synthetic organic resins

& adhesives. Hence, many types of resources will be required for setting up the proposed

project. The proposed project is to be developed in an industrial plot situated in the notified

industrial estate hence no additional land outside of the industrial estate is required. The site is

already developed with some necessary civil structures & shade as company has acquired the

plot from GIDC authority, which was under possession of other industrial unit. Therefore, the

proposed unit requires to finalize the incomplete civil structures & shade along with some

additional buildings and shed. Thus considerable resources will be required for development &

setting up of the proposed project. The details of the resource requirements of proposed

project are presented below in subsequent paragraphs under respective headings.

2.2.1. LAND & BUILDINGS

The proposed project is to be developed within the plot situated in notified industrial estate of

GIDC. The plot is already acquired from the GIDC authorities for industrial operation which is

admeasuring 5040 sq. mt. The plot transfer letter is enclosed as Annexure- VThis land is

sufficient for proposed project. In 1512.30 sq. mt. area greenbelt will be developed and

2668.94 sq. mt. area will be kept open. For the buildings & sheds etc. 858.76 sq.mt. area of the

plot will be utilized. The details of the area statement for proposed unit are presented below.

Table 2.3 Area Statement forthe Plant Premises

Area Statement Area (in Sq. Mt.)

Total Plot Area 5040.00

Construction Area 858.76

Open Land Area 2668.94

Green Belt Area 1512.30

The layout of project premises /site showing proposed buildings & infrastructures including

raw materials storage area, production area, utility area, office area, greenbelt area, internal

roads and parking area etc. is shown in subsequent figure of plant layout.

The location of site in GIDC industrial estate is presented in subsequent figure of site plant.



Fig. 2.2 Plant Layout



Fig. 2.3 Site Plan

2.2.2. WATER

The unit will require 39.00 KLD freshwater which will be met through Water supply pipeline of

GIDC Sarigam. The total freshwater requirement includes 5.00 KLD for irrigation of greenbelt,

29.00 KLD for industrial operations and 5.00 KLD for domestic uses. The details with necessary

breakup for water requirement of proposed unit are presented in subsequent table.



Table 2.4 Breakup of water requirement

Sr. No. Particulars Quantity (KL/Day)

1. Domestic 5.00

Sub Total Domestic 5.00

2. Industrial

Processing 0.00

Boiler 10.00

Cooling 4.00

Washing 5.0

Scrubber 10.00

Sub Total Industrial 29.00

3. Other (Gardening) 5.00

Total 39.00

Note: The unit will not draw any ground water as the water requirement is fulfilled by GIDC water

supply. An undertaking that the unit shall not dig any bore well within the premisesis enclosed as

Annexure- X.

2.2.3. ENERGY, FUEL & POWER

The production of proposed products requires significant quantum of heat. In proposed unit

the heat requirement in form of steam will be met by the bagasse based boiler (1000 Kg/Hrs).

Also for meeting heat requirement of the proposed project one bagasse based thermopack (6

lakh Kcal/Hr.) will be installed. The fuel for boiler&thermopacks will be bagasse brickets. Power

requirement of proposed unit is estimated 200 KVA, which will be met by supply from DGVCL

or DG sets (1 x 200 KVA). DG sets will be used only during emergency & failure of power supply

by DGVCL. Diesel/HSD will be used as fuel for proposed DG Sets. The details of Fuel & Power

requirement is presented in tabular form in subsequent table.

Table 2.5 Energy, Fuel & Power Requirement

Components Requirement Sources

Steam 1000-2000 Kg/hr Inhouse Boiler

Heat 6 Lakh Kcal/Hr. InhouseThermopack

Power 200 KVA Dakshin Gujarat Vij Co. Ltd.

Bagasse 3.00 MT/Day Local market/supplier

HSD 50 Ltrs/Hr Will be sourced Local Dealer



2.2.4. PLANT & MACHINERY

The company will setup its manufacturing unit having following main & major machineries &

equipment. The details of the proposed machineries & equipment are presented below in tabular form.

Table 2.6 Major Machineries & Equipment

Sr. No. Description of items Capacity MOC

A. REACTOR

1. Glass Line Reactor (GLR) - 6 Nos. 05 KL each GLR

2. Glass Line Reactor (GLR-4) - 2 Nos. 05 KL each GLR

3. SSR-1 01 KL SS316

4. SSR-2 05 KL SS316

B. RECEIVER

5. 2 KL 500 Liter SS316

6. 3 KL 500 Liter SS316

7. 5 KL - 6 Nos. 1000 Liter each SS316

8. 3 KL 100 Liter SS316

9. Receiver-1 150 Liter SS 316

10. Receiver-2 600 Liter SS316

11. Receiver-3 1000 Liter SS 316

C. ADDITIONAL TANK

12. 2 KL 800 Liter SS316

13. 3 KL 800 Liter SS316

14. 5 KL + 3 KL 1000 Liter SS316

15. 5 KL 1200 Liter M S

D. STEAM EJECTOR

16. WATE+ 2 STEAM - 3 Nos. 1 TOR each GRAPHITE

E. HOLDING TANK

17. Holding Tank - 3 Nos. 05 KL SS316

F. RAW MATERIAL STORAGE TANK

18. SS TANK (Phenol) 50000 KGS SS 316

19. SS TANK (Phenol) 30000 KGS SS 316

20. TANK (PCl3) 1500 KGS MS

21. SS TANK 5000 KGS SS 316

22. HDPE TANK 6-Nos 10000 KGS each HDPE

G. MEASURING TANK

23. TANK (PCl3) 1000 Liter M S

24. TANK (Phenol) 2000 Liter SS 304

25. TANK 2-Nos 1000 Liter HDPE

H. OTHER TANKS

26. HCl Storage Tank 10000 Liter * 4 HDPE

27. HCl Process Tank 5000 Liter * 4 HDPE

28. Melting Tank 10000 Liters MS

29. Product Tank 10000 Liter * 7 HDPE

I. VENTURY SCRUBBER

30. GRAPHITE CONDENCER 3 NOS 8 m2 GRAPHITE

31. SCUBBER 3 NOS 10 m2 PP/FRP

J. WEIGHT BALANCE

32. Weight Balance - 2 Nos. 300KG CAPACITY*2 SS316



33. Flaker - 1 No. 100 Kg. SS316

34. Hcl Scrubbing System (3 stage) Adequate Graphite HDPE

35. Cooling Tower 200 TR PP/ FRP

36. Thermopack (Oil Healing System) 6 Lakh Kilo Calories/Hr MS (Thermax make)

37. Steam Boiler (1 Nos.) 1000 Kg/hr MS (IBR)

38. DM Plant 1000 Liter/Hr. --

39. R.M. Transfer Pump - 2 Nos. 5 HP each --

40. Chilling Plant 20 TR

41. Air Compressor 5 HP

42. Blower 3 HP

43. D.G. Set – 1 Set 200 KVA

44. Electric Panels As per Requirement

45. Effluent Treatment Plant – 1 No. 10 KL/Day --

2.2.5. HUMAN RESOURCE

The company will provide employment to 45 people in different categories for operation of

proposed project. The details of the proposed employment structure are presented below in

tabular form.

Table 2.7 Human Resource Requirement

Sr. No. Particular Employment Nos.

1 Managerial 02 2 Skilled 05 3 Semi-Skilled 13 4 Unskilled 25 5 TOTAL 45

2.2.6. CAPITAL

The capital of proposed project has been estimated & budgeted with costs of Rs. 440 Lakhs.

The proposed capital includes Rs. 40 Lakhs for environmental protection measures. The details

of proposed capital costs estimation including land, buildings, plant machineries & equipment,

environmental protection measures etc. is presented below in tabulated form.

Table 2.8 Capital Cost

Sr. No. Purpose Estimated Capital Cost (Rs. In Lakhs)

1. Land& Building 150.00

3. Plant & Machinery and other fittings 175.00

4. Environmental protection measures 25.00

TOTAL : 350.00



2.3. DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS & ALLIED DETAILS

The details of Raw Materials & production process of all products are described in subsequent

paragraphs under respective headings.

2.3.1. RAW MATERIALS

All raw materials required for manufacturing of proposed products are easily available

indigenously in local market, which will be transported through road. The details of product

wise raw material requirement are presented below.

Table 2.9 Product Wise Raw Material Requirement

Sr. No.

Product Name Raw Materials Raw Material Consumption

Kg/MT MT/Month

1 Plastic and Paint Additives

A. Tri Phenyl Phosphite Phenol 951.00 124.00

PCl3 450.00 58.00

B. Organic Phosphites

Tri Phenyl Phosphite 829.00 99.50

Alcohol (IsoDecyl alcohol, 2-Ethyl Hexanol, TriDecyl Alcohol, Di propylene Glycol, Bisphenol , Stearyl alcohol , Pentaerythritol etc.)

423.00 51.00

C. TrisNonyl Phenyl Phosphite, Tris ( 2,4 ditertbutylphenyl) Phosphite , Tris ( 2,4 ditertamylphenyl ) phosphite

Nonyl Phenol, 2,4 di-tert-butyl phenol, 2,4 di-tert-amyl phenol

959.00 48.00

PCl3 200.00 10.00

2 Organic Phosphates

Alcohols (Phenol or Cresolor Butanol, etc.)

995.00 148.25

POCl3 470.00 70.50

2.3.2. MANUFACTURING PROCESS

The products of proposed project are described in earlier section with required raw

materials.The company shall use the latest available process technology for the production.

This section includes the manufacturing process of the product, chemical reactions, and mass

balance of each product.

1. PRODUCT:PLASTIC AND PAINT ADDITIVES (ORGANIC PHOSPHITES)(300 MT/M)

A. TRI PHENYL PHOSPHITE:

Production Process:

Phenol and PCI3are reacted at elevated Temperature. During the course of reaction HCl

gas is generated, which is scrubbed in water and dispatched as HCl solution. Unreacted

mass is recovered by distillation at elevated temperature and under reduced pressure.

After complete removal of phenol from the reaction mass finally pure TriphenylPhosphite



is collected and packed in suitable containers as per customer’s requirements and used

for captive purpose to manufacture other products.

Chemical Reaction:

3C6H5OH +PCl3 → (C6H5O)3P + 3HClgas (Reactor)

HClgas +H2O → HClSoln. (Scrubbing)

Mass Balance Details:

Process Flow Diagram:

B. ORGANIC PHOSPHITES: (Diphenyl Isodecylphoshite/ Diphenyl 2-ehtyl hexyl phosphate/ Phenyl Di-IsodecylPhosphite/ Tri –DecylPhosphite/ Tri TrisdecylPhosphite/Diphenyl TridecylPhosphite (DPTDP)/Tetra Phenyl Dipropylene Glycol Phosphite (THOP)/ Poly (Dipropylene Glycol) Phenyl Phosphite (DHOP)/Isopropylidenebis (diisodecyl Phenyl Phosphite)/DistearylpentaerythritolDiphosphite (DPEDP)/ TRIS ( 2,4 ditertbutylphenyl) Phosphite/ TRIS ( 2,4 ditertamylphenyl phosphate, etc.))

Production Process:

TPP (Tri Phenyl Phosphite) and Alcohol (IsoDecanol, 2-Ethyl Hexanol, IsoDecanol,

TrisDecyl Alcohol ect.) are reacted at elevated temperature. During the course of reaction

Sr. No.

INPUT QTY (Kgs) OUTPUT QTY (Kgs) REMARKS

1 Phenol 951.00 Tri Phenyl Phosphite 1000.00 Product

2 PCl3 450.00 HCl Gas 360.00 To Scrubber

Phenol 41.00 Reuse

Total 1401.00 Total 1401.00

In Scrubber (By Product)

1 HCl Gas 360.00 HCl Solution (30% solution) 1440.00 By Product

2 Scrubbing Water 1080.00

REACTOR

DISTILLATION

PRODUCT: Tri Phenyl Phosphite Packaging & Dispatch

RAW MATERIALS Phenol PCl3

SCRUBBER HCl Recovery

Phenol Recovery



(n) mole phenol is generated. Phenol is distilled out and OrganicPhosphite is collected

and packed in suitable containers as per customer’s requirement.

Chemical Reaction:

(C6H5O)3P + (R1)-OH → (C6H5O)2-P-O-(R1) + C6H5OH

Where, R1 can be Isodecanol OR 2-Ethyl Hexanol OR TrisDecyl Alcohol etc.

Mass Balance Details*:

*NOTE: Mass balance changes based on chemical reactions.

Process Flow Diagram

C. TRISNONYL PHENYL PHOSPHITE:

Production Process:

PCl3and Nonyl Phenol are reacted at elevated temperature. During the course of reaction

3 mole HCl is generated as gas. Gaseous HCl is scrubbed in water scrubber attached to

the reactor and TrisNonyl Phenyl Phosphite is collected after complete removal of HCl

from reactor. The product TrisNonyl Phenyl Phosphite is then packed in suitable

containers as per customer’s requirement.

Chemical Reaction:

3C9H19-C6H4OH + PCl3 → (C9H19-O-C6H4)3P + 3HClgas (Reactor)

HClgas + H2O → HClSoln (Scrubber)

Sr. No.

INPUT QTY (Kgs)

OUTPUT QTY (Kgs)

REMARKS

1 Tri Phenyl Phosphite 829.00 Organic Phosphite 1000.00 Product

2 Alcohol (R1-OH) 423.00 Phenol 252.00 By product

Total 1252.00 Total 1252.00

REACTOR

DISTILLATION

PRODUCT: Organic Phosphite

Packaging & Dispatch

RAW MATERIALS Tri Phenyl Phosphite Alcohol

Phenol Recovery Reuse in TPP



Mass Balance Details:

Process Flow Diagram:

2. ORGANIC PHOSPHATES(Triphenyl Phosphate OR Tricresyl Phosphate OR Tributyl

Phosphate OR Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate etc.) (150 MT/M)

Production Process:

3 mole alcohol (Phenol OR Cresol OR Butanol OR Isoproponol etc.) reacted with 1 mole

of POCl3 at elevated temperature in presence of catalyst during the course of reaction HCl

is generated which is trapped in water and will be dispatched as HCl solution. 5 % excess

alcohol (Phenol OR cresol etc.) used is distilled out under reduced pressure after the

reaction.

Finished product distilled at elevated temperature and at reduced pressure and collected

in to the receiver. From receiver the material is flaked, collected and packed in bags.

Chemical Reaction:

3R1-OH + POCl3 → (R1-O)3OP + 3HClgas (Reactor)

HClgas + H2O → HClSoln (Scrubber)

Where, R1 can be Phenol OR Cresol OR Butanol OR Isopropanol etc.

Sr. No. INPUT QTY (Kgs) OUTPUT QTY (Kgs) REMARKS

1 Nonyl Phenol 959.00 TrisNonyl Phenyl Phosphite 1000.00 Product

2 PCl3 200.00 HClgas 159.00 To Scrubber

Total 1159.00 Total 1159.00


1 HClgas 159.00 HCl (30 % Solution) 530.00 By Product


Total 530.00 Total 530.00

REACTOR SCRUBBER HCl Recovery

PRODUCT: Tri NonylPhenylPhosphite


RAW MATERIALS Nonyl Phenol PCl3



Mass Balance Details

*NOTE: Mass balance changes based on chemical reactions.

Process Flow Diagram

Note: The details for the manufacturing process (for each product) is enclosed as Annexure-IX

2.4. POLLUTION POTENTIALS & CONTROL MEASURES

2.4.1. Air Pollution Sources & Control

Company will install one boiler (capacity of 1000 Kg/hr) &one thermic fluid heaters (capacity of

6 lakhs kcal/hr) to meet the thermal energy requirement of the proposed project. Bagasse will

be used as a fuel for Boiler& thermic fluid heaters. Thus after the proposed project these

utilities will be the main source of emission.

Company has also planned to install one D.G. Sets (200 KVA capacity), as stand by power supply

facility. These will be used only during power failure. Diesel will be used as a fuel for D.G. Sets.

Sr. No.

INPUT QTY (Kgs)

OUTPUT QTY (Kgs) REMARKS

1 Alcohol 995.00 Organic Phosphate 1000.00 Product

2 POCl3 470.00 HCl Gas 335.00 By Product

Alcohol Recovery 115.00 Reused

Residue 15.00 Waste

Total 1465.00 Total 1465.00


1 HCl Gas 335.00 HCl (30 % Solution) 1080.00 By Product


Total 1080.00 Total 1080.00

REACTOR

SCRUBBER HCl Recovery

PRODUCT: Organic Phosphate


RAW MATERIALS Alcohol POCl3

DISTILLATION

FLAKING

AlcoholRecovery and Reused



In the process of Tri Phenyl Phosphite& Organic Phosphite Phenol are likely to arise as process

emission. For control of phenol emission no special measure is required as it will be recovered

in process itself. Phenol will be distilled and will be reused in process or will be sold to actual

user as by-product.

Process gas emission in form of HCl gas will be emitted from Triphenyl Phosphite, Tris Nolyl

Phenyl Phosphite and organic phosphate respectively at the rate of 360 Kg/Ton of product, 159

Kg/Ton of product and 335 Kg/Ton of product. This HCl emission will be scrubbed in three stage

scrubbing system. The scrubbing system will have HCl gas scabbing efficiency above 98%. The

recovered HCl (30%) will be sold as by-product to the actual user.

The summarized details of the stationary/utility emissions are presented in tabular form below.

Table 2.10: Details of Utility Emission & Control Measures

Sr. No.

Particulars Fuel / Power & its

Qty Probable Pollutants

& Limits Control Measures

Utility Emission

1. Boiler Capacity: 1000 Kg/Hr

Bagasse : 2 MT/Day PM <150 mg/Nm3

SO2 < 100 ppm NOx< 50 ppm

Bag filter with common Chimney Chimney ht.:15 mt. Diameter: 200mm

2. Thermopack (1 No) Capacity : 6 Lac kcal/hr

Bagasse : 1 MT/Day PM <150 mg/Nm3


3. D.G. Set (1 No.) Capacity: 200 KVA

HSD:50 Ltrs./Hr. PM <150 mg/Nm3


Chimney ht.:15mt. Diameter: 200 mm

Process Emission

1. Reaction Vessel - HCl<20 mg/NM3

Three State Scrubbing system (Venturi water jet+ Water scrubber+ Alkali scrubber) Chimney ht.: 11 mt. Diameter: 150 mm

2.4.2. Wastewater Generation & Management

The unit will have industrial effluent generation @ 6KLD from washings and boiler& cooling

blow down. The industrial effluent will be treated in full-fledged in-house ETP equipped with all

required Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Treatment units. The treated wastewater will be

disposed off through the underground pipeline of GIDC Sarigam which is going to CETP. The

wastewater will also be generated from domestic activities as sewage @4 KLD. Domestic waste

water will be disposed off through Septic Tank and soak pit.

The details of wastewater generation are tabulated below whereas the water balance diagram

is shown in subsequent figure.



Table 2.11: Details of Wastewater Generation

Sr. No. Particulars Quantity (KL/Day)

1. Domestic 4.00

Sub Total Domestic 4.00

2. Industrial

I. Processing 0.00

II. Boiler 1.00

III. Cooling 1.00

IV. Washing 4.00

V. Scrubber 0.00

Sub Total Industrial 6.00

3. Total 10.00

Fig. 2.4: Water Balance Diagram

2.4.3. Solid & Hazardous Waste Generation & Management

The hazardous waste from the unit will be generated in form of Process Residues, Used Oil, Discarded

containers & Empty HDPE Bags and ETP waste. The details of all wastes & their management are

tabulated below.

Table 2.12: Details of Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation & Management

Types of Waste Quantity Storage Method Method of Disposal

ETP Waste

(Schedule-1, 34.3) 10.00 MT

Will be stored at a

separate storage area

Will be sent to TSDF, Vapi

Process residue 27.00 MT Will be stored at a Will be sent to co incineration



(Schedule-I, 20.3) separate storage area

in a closed container

or common incinerations.

Discarded containers

(Schedule-I, 33.3) 400 Nos.

Stored at a specified

storage area as per

rule.

After decontamination will be

sold to re-conditioners

HDPE bags

(Schedule-I, 33.3) 3000 Nos.

Stored at a specified

storage area as per

rule.

After decontamination will be

sold to re-conditioners

Used oil

(Schedule-1, 5.1) 100 Lit

Stored into the closed

container.

Disposal by selling to

registered refiners

2.4.4. Noise & Vibration Generation & Control

Noise & Vibration are /will be generated in utility & production area. Beside this, some noise are

anticipated from operation of pumps, motor & compressors etc. Mainly the high noise & vibration is

likely to be generated from TFH, boiler and DG Set. The noise level in premises ranges from 50 dB(A)

to 80 dB(A) depending up on the distance from the noise sources. Noise level outside of production &

utility area will never cross the permissible limit for industrial unit as mostly remains below 60 dB(A).

All noises are/will be managed by provision of proper PPEs for working people in the respective

areas. Vibrations are/will be managed by provision of proper fitting, shunting and sturdy non-

vibrating foundation with rubber pads.

2.4.5. Greenbelt Development & Rainwater Harvesting

Company has acquired plot admeasuring 5040 Sq. Mt. The greenbelt will be developed at the

periphery of plant premises as well as in some open area within the proposed premises. The

greenbelt will be developed in area admeasuring 1512.30 Sq. Mt. Greenbelt will be maintained by

regular fertilization, irrigation & replantation to give thick pasture view considering the guideline of

CPCB for three tiers greenbelt development.

The company has no plan to harvest the rainwater as the area of project site in in industrial area and

the rainwater may be contaminated by gaseous & particulate pollutant.

2.5. Occupational Health & Safety

2.5.1. Hazardous Materials & Their Management

There will be total 14 raw materials &2 fuels for production of the products. All of these chemicals &

Fuels are identified as hazardous as per MSIHC Rules (2000).All hazardous materials will be managed in

accordance with national & state regulations.

Following general risk reduction measures for Handling, Storage of Hazardous Materials (Bags, Drums &

Tanks) are suggested to maintain safe work place & hazard free areas in the proposed unit.

Proper ventilation will be provided in godown.

Proper label and identification board /stickers will be provided in the storage area.

Conductive drum pallets will be provided.

Drum /Bag handling trolley / stackers/fork lift will be used for drum/bag handling.



Materials will be stored as per its compatibility study and separate area will be made for

flammable, corrosive and toxic chemical drums storage.

Smoking and other spark, flame generating item will be banned from the Gate.

Static grounding points will be provided at storage, handling and process area.

Static grounding points will be provided for all tanks proposed for storage of chemicals.

Local exhaust provision will be made in warehouse & process to prevent toxic chemical vapour

exposure and maintained area below PEL/TLV limits. Air change ratio in warehouse will be

managed around 1.

Lower level ventilation exhaust system will be provided in drum storage area.

Identification label and NFPA diamond code sticker will be provided on all chemicals drums &

bags and tank area.

Drums & bags will be stored as per its compatibility chart.

Material safety data sheets will be displayed at storage as well as process and chemical handling

area.

Empty drums & bags will be stored in separate dedicated empty drum & bag storage area. All

drums & bags will be neutralized/decontaminated before send it to recyclers.

Fire hydrant system shall be provided in unit and fire hydrant shall be installed as per TAC/NFPA

Norms.

Tank farm area should be well maintained and must be situated away from process area and

safe distances to be maintain as per statutory requirements.

Plant should meet provisions of the Manufacture, storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals

Rules, 1986 & the factories Act, 1948 and The Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning,

Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996 (As amended timely).

All environmental regulations shall be complied all the time without failure.

Fix piping with supports and clamping needs to be provided for raw material charging and

minimum flexible hose should be connected for charging chemicals in day tank or reactor.

Static grounding provision needs to be provided to all process vessels and equipment.

Caution note board for all hazardous chemicals shall be displayed.

Safety valve provision to be made on reactor.

In general, all machines Nip shall be protected with appropriate fix safe guard to be prevent

amputation of any person’s body part.

Periodic On Site Emergency, Mock Drills should be conducted, in order to train the staff and

make them mentally prepared to tackle any emergency.

Emergency handling facilities should be maintained in a tip top condition round the clock.

Safety devices and control instruments should be calibrated once in a year.

Proper coloring as per IS 2379 should be done in plant to pipeline network, tank and equipment

to protect it from corrosion.

Preventive maintenance schedule should be prepared for all the equipment and colour code or

tagging should be provided.

Permit to work system should be implemented on 100 % basis for hazardous work to be carried

out in the plant.

The details of emergency equipment are given in on site emergency Plan along with its quantity.

Automated Fire detection system shall be provided in storage area as well as plant area. Where

automated system is not feasible to install, manual call points for fire location identification

should be installed in plant premises.



Induction safety course should be prepared and training of all new employees before starting

duties in plant should be made compulsory.

2.5.2. Occupational Health Management

The proponent company is committed towards ensuring high level of health & safety of its employee

and all necessary implementation & actions will be in place in the proposed unit of the proponent.

Company will follow all statutory guidelines related with occupational health & safety and all

necessary facilities & procedures will be provided in the proposed unit. Health check-up programs

will be carried out regularly and all records & documents related with employee health check-up

program are maintained. All risk control & prevention measures will be implemented in the proposed

unit. Management will provided necessary PPEs, safety equipment/ materials as mentioned in above

section of risk reduction to ensure healthy & safe work conditions. Regular inspection for the safety

procedures and use of PPEs & Safety equipment/material will be done by the management/safety

cell. Premedical examination and periodical examination will be carried out once in a six month and

record will be maintained in Form No-32 & 33 as per GFR. LFT test will be carried out during pre-

placement and periodical examination. Training programs & safety audit shall be done on regular

basis to prevent impacts of the operational activities on occupational health as well as to improve

workplace condition & safe work system. Proponent shall also ensure that all necessary PPEs, Safety

materials/ equipment are in place.


UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-03: Description of the environment (QCI-NABET Accredited) 3-1

CHAPTER: 03 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1. GENERAL

M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals has proposed to setup a new unit at GIDC Notified

Industrial Estate of Sarigam Village of Valsad District of Gujarat for manufacturing of five

organic products falling in category of synthetics organic chemicals (Organic Phosphite &

Organic Phosphate). As per the new EIA notification SO 1533 (as timely amended) the project

falls under scheduled category of 5 “f” (B1). Considering the legal provisions, the present EIA

study has been conducted in line with the awarded TOR as described in earlier chapter-1 &

Annexure I. As a part of the EIA study, baseline environmental status has been assessed

following the approved methods for sampling & analysis of environmental samples. The study

was started in March 2015 based on draft ToR as well as discussion held during presentation at

SEAC for approval of draft TOR. Up on receipt of the awarded TOR in March 2015 by SEAC,

Gandhinagar all conditions of awarded TOR have been referred & accordingly the present

baseline study has been conducted during the aforesaid study period.

The details of the baseline study & related aspects have been described in subsequent sections

under respective heading.

3.1.1. PURPOSE & OBJECTIVE OF BASELINE STUDY

The present baseline study in EIA has been conducted with the main purpose to determine the

existing environmental conditions of the project area for conducting an environmental impact

assessment (EIA) in order to determine the potential stress on environment due to the

environmental issues of the proposed project of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals.

Baseline studies have been conducted during the period of three months of Summer (Pre-

monsoon) season of 2015 (March 2015 to May 2015) to fulfil the specific requirements of the

Environmental Studies, as required to comply with the awarded TOR as well as the standards

timely issued by the concern authority. As such, this practice is intended to help the EIA team

to gather and analyse data and information in order to classify the environmental status into

several environmental conditions of area types.

Objectives guiding the present baseline environmental studies are as below.

To delineate the prevailing environmental condition of project/study area as per

awarded TOR issued by SEAC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat for EIA study.

To generate &/or collect the information of physical, chemical & biological properties of

the environment of the study area (5 km radial area from site), which includes data

indicating quality & prevailing status of air, water resources, soil fertility, noise, flora &

fauna, ecological habitats etc.

To study & generate/prepare the Base Map, LULC map, Topographic map, Digital

Terrain Map of 10 km radial area from the site



To generate &/or collect details regarding climatic conditions of project area

To generate &/or collect details regarding socioeconomic & cultural layout (5 km radial

area from site)

To prepare comprehensive statements for citation of existing/prevailing issue of

contamination of environmental attributes (5 km radial area from site)

To facilitate the use of the standard classification of environmental condition of area

types (viz. unpolluted zone, polluted zone, critically polluted zone and sensitive zone

etc.) with respect to the statutory guidelines of the time of study (5 km radial area from

site)

To facilitate the organization of EIA study & proponent for preparing and updating EIA

reports & EMP.

3.1.2. APPROACH & METHODOLOGY OF BASELINE STUDY

The baseline environmental studies have been done for three months of Summer (Pre-

monsoon) season (March 2015 & May 2015) for the EIA of upcoming project of M/s. Sandhya

Plasticizers & Chemicals. The study has been conducted initially considering the draft TORs

proposed for approval and then continued & finalized according to the conditions of awarded

TORs as described in Chapter 1 & Annexure I. The study has been conducted by following the

guidelines & the EIA Manual issued by MoEF. The study has been conducted & finalized by

conducting studies during the season of summer (pre-monsoon) 2015 covering study area of 5

km radial area for environmental sampling & monitoring and 10 km radial area for mappings to

comply with the TOR awarded by the State level Expert Environmental Appraisal Committee

(SEAC), Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The details of the study period, frequency of sampling & method

of environmental sampling & analysis are shown below in succeeding paragraphs under

respective headings.

3.1.2.1. STUDY AREA

The proposed unit of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals is to be situated in notified

industrial estate of Sarigam. Sarigam is a Village in southern most Taluka - Umbergaon of

Valsad District of Gujarat State, India. Initially, for the purpose of the EIA study for area falls

within 5 km radius from the project site situated in Sarigam region of Gujarat was selected as

study area considering the draft TOR proposed during TOR application. Up on the receipt of the

final awarded TOR from SEAC, Gandhinagar, the study area & other requirements as

mentioned in awarded TOR were referred & verified to continue the on-going study.

The project area is situated in the southern most part of Gujarat State. The area has global

identity due to the nearby Industrial estate of Vapi as well as industrial establishments &

development in areas around Vapi, Silvassa & Daman. The region is also exhibiting very good

agricultural lands & forest areas. DNH wild life sanctuary is also situated in western direction at

about 14 Kms. The area has contributed significantly in the development of our Nation’s

economy through the excellent industrial growth & other businesses like textile & plastic. Also

the area is very well known as the tourist destination especially Silvassa & Daman region. The

area has realized high development in last two decades rapid growth in industrial



development, urbanization and business operations. The area has been selected as the

production hub by many large banner industries of chemicals, plastic & textile.

The map of the study area & sampling locations is illustrated below in Fig. 3.1, whereas the

salient features of the project area are tabulated in subsequent Table 3.1.

Table 3.1: Salient Features of Project Area (10 Km)

Sr. No. Nearest Infrastructure Feature Distance from Project Site

1. Geographical Position Lat.: 20°18'18.93"N,Long.: 72°51'11.34"E

2. Elevation above Sea Level 36 Meters (Approx.)

3. Nearest Village Sarigam : 2 km SE

4. Nearest Town Sarigam residential town – 2km SE

5. Nearest National Highway NH:8:3km E

6. Nearest State Highway SH:5 km E

7. Nearer RW Station Bhilad – 3 Km NE

8. Nearest Airport Public : Surat 85 Km NW Non – Public: Daman – 12 km NW

9. Nearest Surface water Resource/Reservoir

Darotha River 3.20 km NE Damanganga River 6 Km NNE GIDC Water Supply Dam 25 km SE Arabian Sea 7.5 km W

10. Nearest Forest Patches 2KmN

11. Location of Archaeologically /Historically important places

N. A.

12. National Park/Sanctuary or Ecologically sensitive Area

D & NH Wild Life Sanctuary - Approx. 14 km E

13. National or State Boundary Dadra & Nagar Haveli – 7 Km E Daman – 8 km N

14. Tourist Places Dadra & Nagar Haveli – 7 Km E Daman – 8 km N

3.1.2.2. SAMPLING & MONTORING LOCATIONS

Initially, locations for sampling & monitoring were selected within 5 km radial area from site

and after receipt of the approved TOR from SEAC it is verified & confirmed that the selected

locations fulfills the requirement of awarded TOR. The locations are selected based on

probable effects in project study area considering various guidelines from CPCB. One location

of AAQM is selected in downwind direction. Total eight locations were selected from the study

area falling within 5 km radial distance for sampling and monitoring of air, noise, soil and

groundwater as per terms of reference. The surface water samples were collected from seven

locations. The details of selected sampling & monitoring locations are presented in table 3.2.



Table 3.2: Sampling & monitoring Locations (Study Area - 5 Km)

Sr. No.

Name of Location Approx. Aerial Distance from Site

Details of Sampling & Monitoring

1. Project Site, 20.305286°N 72.853055°E 20.305286°N 72.853055°E 20.305213°N 72.853136° E

0.0 km Centre of Study Area

Ambient Air Quality, Noise Soil

2. Sarigam Village 20.287368°N 72.865055°E 20.287368°N 72.865055°E 20.287372°N 72.865045°E 20.289894° N 72.864691°

2.07 km (S) 2.07 km (S) 2.07 km (S) 2.07 km (S)

Ambient Air Quality, Noise Groundwater Soil

3. Pali Village 20.326543° N 72.838510°E 20.326543° N 72.838510°E 20.326545° N 72.838451°E 20.326819° N 72.839992°E

2.77 km (N) 2.77 km (N) 2.77 km (N) 2.77 km (N)


4. Punat Village 20.314013°N 72.861383°E 20.314013°N 72.861383°E 20.314018°N 72.861354°E 20.313408° N 72.861488° E

1.22 km (NE) 1.22 km (NE) 1.22 km (NE) 1.22 km (NE)


5. Angam Village 20.299721°N 72.875758°E 20.299721°N 72.875758°E 20.299728°N 72.875741°E 20.299768° N 72.874104° E

2.26 km (SE) 2.26 km (SE) 2.26 km (SE) 2.26 km (SE)


6. Manda Village 20.279145°N 72.833127°E 20.279145°N 72.833127°E 20.279132°N 72.833131°E 20.278707° N 72.830984°

3.75 km (SW) 3.75 km (SW) 3.75 km (SW) 3.75 km (SW)


7. Darotha River Nr. Bhilad: 20.296472° N 72.890944° E Nr. Punat: 20.329972° N 72.877583° E Damanganga Main Canal: 20.308417° N 72.856417° E

4.12 km (SE) 3.38 km (NE)

0.1 km (E)

Surface Water Surface Water Surface Water



Fig.3.1- Base Map of Study Area



Fig.3.2- Sampling & Monitoring Locations Map (5 km)

Sampling & Monitoring Locations Map (5 km)



3.1.2.3. STUDY PERIOD & FREQUENCY OF SAMPLING

The baseline environmental study was done by following the guidelines of MoEF. As described

earlier, initially the draft ToRs proposed with Form-I were considered for inception study for 5

kms area and finally the study was finalized in line with the conditions of ToRs approved by the

State Level Expert Environmental Appraisal Committee of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. All the

necessary maps are prepared for 10 km radial area from the site. Thus, all primary study

completed for monitoring & sampling of Air, Water & Soil samples as well as all mapping done

were found complying with the approved TORs awarded by SEAC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The

details of the study period, frequency of sampling & method of environmental sampling &

analysis are shown below in succeeding paragraphs under respective titles.

As, described above, the period of study determined was 1st March 2015 to 31st May 2015 to

collect the one season (Summer/Pre-monsoon) data. The frequency of various environmental

sampling & analysis was determined following the guidelines provided by MoEF in online EIA

Manual. The details of frequency of environmental sampling considered for the study are

illustrated in Table – 3.3.

Table 3.3: Frequency of Environmental Monitoring

Attributes Sampling

Locations Frequency

A. Air Environment

Meteorological Data Project Site Hourly continuous

during Study Period

Ambient Air Quality 6 locations in the study area of 5 Kms. Radius

from site [1 Location within project site &

1 Location in downwind direction.]

24 hourly twice a

week during study

period

B. Noise 6 Locations from study area (5 kms) Hourly for one day

during Study Period

C. Water

Ground Water Grab samples from 5 Locations from Study Area

(5 KMs)

Once in Study Period

Surface Water

Grab samples from 3 Locations from Study Area

(5 KMs)


D. Soil Quality Surface soil samples from 6 locations within

study area (5 Kms)


E. Land Use -Land Cover &

Topography

Study area (10 Km) Once in Study Period

F. Ecological Data Study area (5 Km) Once in Study Period

G. Socio-economic Data Study area (5 Km) Once in Study Period

H. Other Maps Study area (10 Km) Once in Study Period



3.1.2.4. METHOD OF SAMPLING

Selection of method for sampling, preservation and analysis plays very important role in

baseline environmental study. With reference to the guidelines of CPCB & EIA Manual of MoEF,

methods of sampling & analysis of environmental samples have been selected/ adopted. The

method adopted for environmental sampling & analysis are illustrated in following table 3.4.

Table 3.4: Method of Environmental Sampling & Analysis

Attributes METHOD

Sampling / Preservation Analysis

A. Air Environment

I. Meteorological Data

II. Ambient Air Quality

Stationary weather station (AWS)

As per CPCB Guideline (Respirable

dust sampler and PM2.5 Sampler

Computer Aided Data Analysis

As per IS5182 [Part -,(2) & (23) ]

2006

B. Noise Instrument : Noise level meter Mathematical Calculations

C. Water & Waste Water

I. Ground Water

II. Surface Water

Standard methods for

examination of water and

wastewater analysis published by

APHA

Standard methods for examination

of water and wastewater analysis

published by APHA.

D. Soil Quality Laboratory Guide for Conducting

Soil test & Plant Analysis, by

J.Benton Jones, Jr.

Soil & Solid waste Analysis- A

laboratory manual – By Dr. P.K.

Behera

Laboratory Guide for Conducting

Soil test & Plant Analysis, by

J.Benton Jones, Jr.

Soil & Solid waste Analysis- A

laboratory manual – By Dr. P.K.

Behera

E. Land Use -Land Cover &

Topography, geohydrology

& Other Maps

Satellite Imageries (1:50,000

scale), collected from NRSA,

Hyderabad &

Primary Study

Primary image analysis & GIS

modelling using Arc GIS & Erdas

Imagine software and

Primary Study

F. Ecological Data

Secondary data for forest from

Forest Dept. & Primary study of

basic survey of non-forest area as

well as verification of information

collected as secondary data.

Necessary study with reference to

Scheduled animals as per

regulatory provisions and IUCN

guideline & information

G. Socioeconomic Data

Census of India 2011

Primary data collection from

study area by using various

Methods.

Validation of Primary data with

reference of Census of India 2011.

Descriptive analyses of primary

data.

3.2. DESCRIPTION OF BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

As mentioned above, the baseline study for the present EIA was conducted during period of 1st

March 2015 to 31st May 2015 in accordance with the draft TORs proposed in Form I as well as

final awarded TORs issued by SEAC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The study was conducted with



reference the draft TORs in initial stage and up on receipt of approved TORs, conditions given

in the approved TORs were referred for verification of scope of baseline study to modify the

ongoing/completed study as well as to schedule the additional study, as required. All

monitoring & sampling have been done for the study area covering 5 km radial distance from

site during the study period covered the requirement of awarded TOR whereas all mappings

have been done for 10 km radial area.

The details of the studies conducted along with the outcomes of the studies are described with

all necessary details & illustration in subsequent sections under respective heading.

3.2.1. LAND ENVIRONMENT

During the present study for land environment Landuse/Landcover mapping, Geological

mapping & study of geological features as well as soil quality has been studied for the present

EIA. The details of the conducted studies along with necessary information, analysis and

illustrations are described under respective heading below.

3.2.1.1. Geological Features

The study area exposes lava flows of basalts, basaltic andesite and dacite. While lava flows of

dacite are exposed in the eastern part, overlying the basaltic lava flows, the basaltic andesite

are exposed in the central and western parts, again overlying the basaltic flows. The mutual

volcano stratigraphic status of the basaltic andesites and dolerite, thus, could not be

established. A large number of dykes of dolerite and andesitic rock have been recorded. The

low lying areas are generally covered with soil, alluvium and mud. A tentative stratigraphic

succession is given below:

Recent to sub-recent Mud, Soil & alluvium

Intrusive Intrusive of basic and intermediate rocks

Deccan Trap Age Extrusives basaltic andesitic and dacitic lava flows

--------------------- Base not Known -----------------------

Structure: The study area is largely covered with soil and alluvium. Only a few dolerite dykes have been

recorded. As a result, not much of structural data could be collected.

Lineaments: The lineaments/mega-joints recorded, show two prominent trends, viz. along ENE-WSW

and along NNE-SSW. A few of them are along NNW-SSE direction. Many of the lineaments are found to

be along the continuity of dykes, without having been occupied by any intrusive body, or otherwise, the

intrusive dykes are not exposed which may be below the surface, along the lineaments.

Dykes: The dykes show two prominent directions, viz. NNW-SSE and ENE-WSW. However, dykes along

NE-SW are also recorded. Dykes, with different expositions and granularity, do not show any preferred

orientation. Many dykes are composite in nature, indicating reactivation of intrusive activity along

weaker planes.

Economic Geology: The area, mapped, does not have any economic mineral deposit, exposed.

However, basaltic rocks are suitable for their use as road-material and construction material.

Local geology: In the project side, no out crops are seen. The area belongs to deccan trap age. The litho

logically, the area covered with soil which have 3-5 m thickness. Below the soil the hard rock’s present.



3.2.1.2. Topographical Features

The study area is a part of sarigam, valasad district and having average elevation of 14 m to 111 m

above mean sea level .

Buffer Zone:-

The topography of this area falls into two distinct types viz. hillock in the west to north and the low lying

alluvial patches with mounds and hillock in the east. The altitudes vary from 14 m to over 111 m above

msl in the area of study. The higher hill ranges in the western and WN part are over 111m above msl

while the alluvial patches of Damanganga river are +35 mts from the msl. Most of the alluvial patches

have been brought under cultivation. Recent industrial impact in the area has changed the overall look

of the once green vegetated area. The major river of the area is Damanganga which has east-west trend

till Silvassa and then it takes a sudden northerly trend near the Trachyte-rhyolite complex and flows

southnorth till lavachha and then takes a NW trend to drain into Arabian sea near Daman. The major

tributaries of Damanganga are Dudhni nadi, Sakartond nadi, Dongarkhadi nadi, Pipriya and Rati nadi.

Major dam on the Damanganga river near Madhubun (close to Silvassa) has solved the problem of

water in the western area. The drainage pattern somewhat controlled by the lineaments/mega-joints.

Core Zone:-

In the core zone, the altitudes vary from 36 m msl to 34 m msl. The slope of the area is SW to NE. There

are no major nalah and river. The area is flat slop. Vegetation growth is spars in general & basically

represent by bushes & grass.

Figure 3.3: Digital Terrain Model of Study Area (10 km)



Figure 3.4: Topographic Map of Study Area (10 km)

(Source: IRS P6 LISS-III, Arc GIS Software)



3.2.1.3. Seismology:

Sarigam (Project site) is located in Zone III of the Bureau of institute of seismological Research (ISR)

2011, seismic zone map for India. Zone III is defined as having a maximum intensity expected of around

MSK III. This zone is third in severity to zone V (the highest). Zone III is also referred to as the low to

medium damage risk zone. Earthquake is highly probable in this area primarily attributed to plate

tectonic and fault rupture induced by continuing drift of Indian plate towards the Asian plate. The

earthquake history of the Vapi region indicates fairly moderate seismicity for the project area. The

tectonic elements of the area are considered capable of generating an earthquake of magnitude 4 on

Richter scale.

3.2.1.4. Landuse/Landcover

Lanuse /Landcover (LULC) study has been conducted for 10 km Radial area from project site.

The study area is within 5 km radius of Sandhya Plasticizers & chemicals located at Sarigam GIDC Estate,

village- Sarigam, Umbergaon taluka of Valsad District. Area covers around 37 villages of Umbergaon

taluka, part of Union Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman, villages as shown in the Base map.

Base map also depicts the major road and railways and river passing through the study area. The

boundary of the village locations has been derived from the Census of India maps.

The land use/land cover mapping was carried out using digital satellite image (Bhuvan Image 2012-13,

Band 2-3-4, Year 2013) procured from NRSA, Hyderabad. The analysis of data was preceded by

collection of ancillary data like the Survey of India, District series maps and Census maps as base

information for interpretation. The study area was demarcated within the 5 km radius of the project

site using buffer option on the ancillary map collected. Ground truth study comprises of data collection

of ground features along with the respective geographical position in terms of latitudes and longitudes

with GPS. Using all the collected information the data was interpreted. Interpretation of the data

involved importing the data and clubbing the three layers into the single layer for interpretation. The

data was in standard projection system universally followed as UTM.

Finally the proportional presence of different land uses and land cover in terms of statistical

percentages was derived for the study area. Appropriate legends were used to represent the various

categories of land use-land cover, and are written on the prepared landuse-landcover maps. Area and

distance calculations have been carried out using GIS software after geo-referencing the interpreted

data.

Based on the tonal variation and pattern in image the land use and land cover map of the area was

generated. The eleven land use categories were delineated in this area viz. the Crop land, Rock out crop,

Forest, Land without Scrub, land with Scrub, Mudflat, Sea, River, Water body, Industry and Settlement

(Figure). Major portion in the study area is covered by Crop Land. The main crop grown in the area is

Paddy which is usually sown during rainy season. On the boundary of the field there was growth of

Coconut, Khajur, Tad trees and timber trees like Teak and Sadad. Many villages grow horticulture crops

like Mango, Chiku, Sugar cane and Cashew nut. There was also cultivation of Pulses in some villages.

There are areas having sparse vegetation it is mainly covered by grasses these areas are delineated as

Scrub. As per the classification based on Forest Survey of India the category denotes land having bushes

and poor tree growth with canopy density less than 10 percent and some land with rock out crop. These

areas in middle region are mostly elevated region with sparse vegetation. Also where there is no

vegetation near coast with complete white reflectance was delineated as barren land.



The vegetation category Open was segregated based on the canopy density of 10 to 40 per cent and

Close as greater than 40 per cent canopy cover area. Both open and close vegetation area are in the

elevated region. But these areas have not been notified under the Forest Act and being maintained by

forest department. On the coastal area there was Casuarina plantation carried out by Forest

department. Mostly trees growing in this region are Teak, Australian Acacia, Sadad and Cashewnuts.

There are many small water bodies in the region biggest being at Kalai village(wet land). Within the

study area two rivers and its tributaries flowing they are Darotha river and Damanganga river in the

west side there is Arabia Sea In the central region there is canal flow. Main industrial center in the

region at Sarigam also there are some scattered industrial units in the region.

Near the coastal region there are land use categories like salt pans where there is salt harvesting. Also

sandy area and Mangroves class though at laces there are sparse which was seen along the creeks

mostly near Darotha river, Ahu village and some patches in Maroli village.

The area statistics of these classes are presented in Table. The major portion of the study region is

covered by Crop land i.e. 64 percent area. Around 7.5 per cent of the area is of Scrub. Sea is covering

around 6.75 per cent of the area and River is covering 2.5 with 8 per cent being vegetation region. The

remaining categories cover 10.5 per cent of the area.

Table 3.5: Land use area details for (10 km Radius)

S.No. LULC Class Area (Sq.Km2) %

1

Built up land (Urban/Rural):

Settlement 21.55 6.84

Industry 7.80 2.48

2

Agriculture Land:

Crop land, Plantations / orchards 202.36 64.24

3

Water bodies:

River 6.67 2.12

Water body 1.62 0.51

Sea 21.17 6.72

4 Forest 14.97 4.75

5

Scrub Land:

Land with scrub 9.91 3.15

Land Without Scrub 13.54 4.30

6

Others :

Mudflat 4.47 1.42

Rock Out Crop 10.94 3.47

TOTAL 315 100



Fig. 3.5: Landuse area of 10 km radius of Study Area

Fig. 3.6: Satellite (Bhuvan 2D) Image of Study Area

6.84%

2.48%

64.24%

9.35%

4.75%

3.15%

4.30% 1.42% 3.47%

Settelment

Industry

Crop land/ Plantation

Water bodies

Forest

Land with Sctub

Land Without Scrub

Mudflat

Rock Out Crop



Fig. 3.7: LULC Map of Study Area



3.2.1.5. Soil Quality

Surface soil samples were collected from six locations within study area covering 5 km radial

area from proposed site. The soil samples were collected once in study period on 6th April 2015

and the outcome of soil quality studies is tabulated in table given below.

The soil samples were collected from various locations within the 5 Km radial area from the

project site. Within the study area, villages are situated in various directions and distance from

the project site. Out of these villages few representative soil samples were collected for

detailed characterization of the soil of the area. Representative surface soil samples were

collected from five villages and one from the project site within 5 Km radial distance from the

project site. Soil samples were collected from these villages and project site from a depth of 10

to 20 cm below the soil surface to estimate the physic-chemical characteristics of the soil.

Table 3.6: Details of Soil sampling locations

Sr.

No. Stn code Location Latitude Longitude

Elevation

(in m)

Approx. Arial

Dist. from

Proj. Site

(in Km)

1. SS-01 Project site 20.305213° N 72.853136° E 37 0.00

2. SS -02 Punat 20.313408° N 72.861488° E 33 1.22 (NE)

3. SS -03 Pali 20.326819° N 72.839992° E 35 2.77 (N)

4. SS -04 Sarigam 20.289894° N 72.864691° E 38 2.07 (S)

5. SS -05 Angam 20.299768° N 72.874104° E 30 2.26 (SE)

6. SS -06 Manda 20.278707° N 72.830984° E 27 3.75 (SW)

The standard procedures were followed for soil sampling and analysis. The soils in the study

are deep black to brownish black in colour and consist of coastal alluvium. The piedmonts at

the base of the steep plateaus and dyke ridges are covered with thin soils, which support

agriculture in very few areas. The river valley, wherever flat, has good quality soil and is mostly

cultivated based on the availability of water. The river valley fills with thick alluvium provides

the only area for cultivation. The area, being of basaltic formation, falls under the broad soil

group of red loams and black clay soils. The transmission of water through similar parent

material seems to have influenced the development of different physiographic characteristics

of the soils in the area.

The area in between the hills with sloping lands contains dark yellowish brown to very dark

greyish brown gravelly clay loam to clayey soils of shallow to moderate thickness. The dissected

hill and steep slopes suffer from severe erosion hazards. The steep hill slopes are almost devoid

of soil.

The prevailing climate in the area is Semi-arid to dry sub humid. The Soil texture of the study

area varies from fine to moderate fine (i.e., Clayey). The soil type is deep clayey, cracking soil

and high water retention capacity. Clay is the prominent texture class. Soils of study area has



medium black sandy loam type soil which is highly suitable for crops sugarcane and paddy, in

Kharif and chiku, tur, gram, wheat and vegetable in Rabi and Mango in Summer season.

The detailed quality of the collected soil samples are presented below in subsequent table.

Table 3.7: Soil Quality of Study Area (6th April 2015)

Sr.

No. Parameters Unit SS-01 SS-02 SS-03 SS-04 SS-05 SS-06

1. Bulk Density gm/ml 0.8913 0.9112 0.8963 0.8789 0.9026 0.9155

2. Salinity ppt 0.65 0.67 0.63 0.56 0.53 0.61

3. Porosity % 55 53 55 53 52 54

4. Texture Class -- Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay

Silt % 09 09 09 10 10 09

Clay % 80 79 81 80 79 83

Sand % 11 12 11 10 11 08

5. pH( 5% Soln) -- 7.37 7.51 7.03 7.09 7.42 7.91

6. EC µS/cm 113.3 91.7 88.9 98.1 101.2 46.3

7. CEC meq/100gm 20.2 19.9 19.5 20.3 21.3 19.1

8. Sodium mg/kg 325 344 268 324 362 327

9. Potassium mg/kg 166 174 114 159 173 152

10. Nitrogen mg/kg 219 169 242 198 201.7 181.5

11. Magnesium mg/100 gm 91 122 103 104 133 86

12. Phosphorous mg/100 gm 0.39 0.37 0.46 0.45 0.41 0.38

13. SAR -- 58.8 67 69 52.1 66.5 51.5

14. WHC ml/100 gm 49 48 50 51 51 49

15. Iron as Fe mg/lit. 211 231 320 307 345 315

16. Copper as Cu mg/lit. 0.61 0.29 0.72 0.31 0.47 0.62

17. Zinc as Zn mg/lit. 0.40 0.31 0.55 0.41 0.51 0.53

18. Manganese as

Mn mg/lit.

11.5 4.1 11.1 8.2 7.8 8.1

19. Nickel as Ni mg/lit. 0.91 0.77 0.69 0.91 0.55 0.93

Note: EC= Electrical Conductivity , CEC= Cation Exchange Capacity, WHC= Water Holding Capacity

Analysis of the samples collected show that:

Porosity of soil samples were in the range of 52% (Angam Village) to 55% (in Project site

and Pali) and Water Holding Capacity (WHC) of Soil samples were in the range of 48

ml/100 gm to 51 ml/100 gm. The high porosity and WHC is on account of clay nature of

soil.

Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) of Soil samples were in range of 19.1 meq/100gm

(Manda village) to 21.30 meq/100gm (Angam Village).

Electrical Conductivity of Soil samples were in range of 46.3 µS/cm (Manda Village) to

113.3 µS/cm (at project site). These results indicate that the soil EC (1:2, soil: water

ratio) is less that the critical limit of 800 µS/cm. A good quality topsoil should have an

electrical conductivity value within the range of 100-1500uS/cm . Hence these soils are



classified normal soils based on Values of EC and pH (Range from 7.03(Pali Village) to

7.91(Manda village).

The physico-chemical analysis of soil samples collected from 6 locations of the project area

indicates that soils are normal for growth and development of crops. Majority of soils falls

under clay in texture.

3.2.2. WATER ENVIRONMENT

3.2.2.1. Geohydrology

As per hydro geological investigation, water level around the Project area ranges from 5 m to

19 m below ground level (April, 2014) depending upon topography. The average seasonal

fluctuation of water level in the area was reported to be 0.50 m during the year of study and

information gathered during hydro geological inventory of the area. In the area, groundwater

occurs under unconsolidated to consolidated conditions and is tapped by dug well & tube

wells. The yield of these tube wells ranges from 73 to 78 m3/day @ 6 m3/hour for average 12

hours intermittent pumping in a day. The drawdown in the wells is varying from 0.25 to 0.5 m

on different pumping rates. The recovery of the wells is varying from one to one and half hour.

The general ground water flow direction in the site area is towards northwest.

Table 3.8: Hydrogeological well Inventory of the existing well around the site

Sampling

Location Coordinates of

Location

Type of

Well Depth (in m)

Water Level

(post monsoon) Yield

(m3/hr)

Yield

(m3/day)

TDS

(mg/L) mbgl amsl

TW-1 20°18’37.4”N

72°51’33.5E 18 8 29 34 6.14 147.36 270

OW-2 20°18’29.4”N

72°51’34.8E 7 4 m 33 38 - - 410

GW-3 20°18’26.1”N

72°51’32.3E 19 8 34 39 6.53 156.72 440

CANAL-4 20°18’35.3”N

72°51’23.1E 2 2.8*1.25*5m - 33 - - 200

In the area mainly two hydro geological units are present and having different groundwater

potential are as follows:

Soil & Alluvium: During pre-monsoon visit and well inventory (open dug well) shows the

general water level less than 5-6m meters at most of the places. In the region tube

wells were also intervention and most of the tube well attaining the depth of 18-19

meters. There was high discharge from location to location (secondary data) 30 to 70

m3/day, it shows underground development in the area is safe.

Basalt: Basalt aquifer zone having the same water level 5-19 meter in pre monsoon

period. A number of dug wells and tube wells are present. Discharge observed

(secondary data) is 40-75 m3/day.



3.2.2.2. Water Quality of Study Area

The details of the baseline study for the proposed activities at M/s Sandhya Plasticizers &

Chemicals related to water environment and in the surrounding villages; the water quality

survey has been planned through identification of water resources and appropriate sampling

locations for both surface and ground water in study area depending on topography, landuse,

surface runoff as well as natural and manmade drainage/irrigation canal systems. The

prevailing status of water quality has been assessed during Summer (Pre-monsson) season

(April 2015).

The surface water sampling has been done at five locations. One river water sample whereas

four pond water samples were collected during the study period. The groundwater sampling

has been done at 6 locations (4 hand pumps and 2 bore well) well distributed in the study area.

Sampling locations for surface water and groundwater quality monitoring are shown in Fig. 3.1

and are enlisted in Table 3.9.

As described in earlier section of this chapter, the standard methods (APHA, AWWA 2007)

prescribed for surface and groundwater sampling preservation as well as the analytical

procedures for individual parameter is followed in this study. The samples were collected on 6th

April 2015 and results are enlisted in Table 3.10 &3.11.

Table 3.9: Details of Water Sampling Locations

Sr. No.

Stn code

Location Latitude Longitude Elevation (in m)

Arial Dist. from Proj.

Site (in Km)

1. SW-01 Darotha River-Nr. Bhilad

20.296472° N 72.890944° E 21 4.12 (SE)

2. SW -02 Darotha River-Nr. Punat

20.329972° N 72.877583° E 19 3.38 (NE)

3. SW -03 Damanganga Main Canal

20.308417° N 72.856417° E 34 0.1 (E)

1. GW-01 Punat -Hand Pump 20.314018° N 72.861354° E 33 1.22 (NE)

2. GW -02 Pali- Hand Pump 20.326545° N 72.838451° E 35 2.77 (N)

3. GW -03 Sarigam, HandPump 20.287372° N 72.865045° E 38 2.07 (S)

4. GW -04 Angam, Hand Pump 20.299728° N 72.875741° E 30 2.26 (SE)

5. GW -05 Manda, Hand Pump 20.279132° N 72.833131° E 27 3.75 (SW)



Table 3.10: Surface water Quality of Study Area:

Sr.

No. Parameters Unit SW-01 SW-02 SW-03

Limit as per

IS:10500-

2012

1. Colour (Pt-Co Scale) Unit

1(10) 1(30) 1(10) 5 Hazen

2. Odour --

Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj.

3. Turbidity NTU 0.1 1 0.1 1 NTU

4. pH -- 7.71 8.32 7.89 6.5 – 8.5

5. Temperature 0C 31 31 31 --

6. TH as CaCO3 mg/lit. 405 291 75 200

7. TDS mg/lit. 1096 1060 80 500

8. Calcium as Ca mg/lit. 88.2 48.1 20.1 75

9. Magnesium as Mg mg/lit. 40.7 28.1 7.3 30

10. Total Alkalinity mg/lit. 167.1 117.2 95.1 200

11. Chloride as Cl-

mg/lit. 571.8 503.3 17.3 250

12. Sulphate as SO4-2

mg/lit. 48.4 98.2 7.3 200

13. Nitrate as NO3 mg/lit. 0.5 0.3 0.1 45

14. Fluoride as F mg/lit. 0.61 0.41 BDL 1.0

15. Sodium mg/lit. 332 356 18.7 --

16. Potassium mg/lit. 14.5 12.4 8.6 --

17. Total Nitrogen mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL --

18. Total Phosphorous mg/lit. N.D. 0.05 N.D. --

19. Dissolved Oxygen mg/lit. 7.5 7.1 7.6 --

20. BOD mg/lit. BDL 12 BDL --

21. COD mg/lit. 10 38 8 --

22. PC mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL 0.001

23. Lead as Pb mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL 0.01

24. Arsenic

mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL 0.01

25. Cadmium mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL 0.003

Microbiological Test

26. Total Coliform CFU/100 ml 75 81 57 Absent

27. E. Coli CFU/100 ml 18 23 22 Absent

Note:

BDL = TH=Total Hardness, TDS= Total Dissolved Solid. BOD=Bio-Chemical Oxygen, COD= Chemical Oxygen Demand, PC= Phenolic Compound, Unobj.= Unobjectionable, Below Detection Limit , MDL= Method Detection Limit

(MDL: Fluoride-0.15 mg/lit, Total Nitrogen-5.0 mg/lit, BOD-5mg/lit, PC-0.01mg/lit, Lead-0.003 mg/lit, Arsenic-0.01 mg/lit, Cadmium-0.001 mg/lit)

The physico-chemical parameters of Darotha river nearby Bhilad village showes test results of

few parameters exceeding the value as per prescribed limit of IS: 10500 - 2012 in terms of Total

Hardness, total dissolved solids, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride. The bacteriological analysis of

all surface water samples has faecal contamination.



Table 3.11: Ground water Quality of Study Area:

Sr.

No. Parameters Unit GW-01 GW-02 GW-03 GW-04 GW-05

Limit as per

IS:10500-

2012

1. Colour (Pt-Co Scale) Unit

1(<5) 1(<5) 1(<5) 1(<5) 1(<5) 5 Hazen

2. Odour --

Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj

3. Turbidity NTU BDL 0.1 BDL 0.1 0.1 1 NTU

4. pH -- 7.17 7.17 7.19 7.06 7.13 6.5 – 8.5

5. Temperature 0C 32 32 32 32 31 --

6. Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/lit. 341 178 165 263 235 200

7. Total Dissolved Solid mg/lit. 396 256 132 256 212 500

8. Calcium as Ca mg/lit. 130.2 48.6 40.1 84.2 74.2 75

9. Magnesium as Mg mg/lit. 16.2 16.5 15.8 15.3 23.2 30

10. Total Alkalinity mg/lit. 239.6 213.2 171 214.7 268 200

11. Chloride as Cl-

mg/lit. 139.2 23.1 24.1 61.3 50.1 250

12. Sulphate as SO4-2

mg/lit. 70.3 18.2 15.3 51.2 26.4 200

13. Nitrate as NO3 mg/lit. 2.6 1.0 2.9 6.1 0.8 45

14. Fluoride as F mg/lit. 0.66 0.2 0.3 0.71 0.67 1.0

15. Sodium mg/lit. 32.1 26.3 23.3 26.5 26.7 --

16. Potassium mg/lit. 4.7 7.1 11.1 11.7 10.8 --

17. Total Nitrogen mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL --

18. Total Phosphorous mg/lit. 0.11 0.05 N.D. 0.05 N.D. --

19. Dissolved Oxygen mg/lit. 4.6 5.2 4.2 4.5 3.9 --

20. Bio-Chemical Oxygen mg/lit. 6 5 BDL 6 BDL --

21. Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/lit. 21 17 BDL 19 BDL --

22. Phenolic Compound mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.001

23. Lead as Pb mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.01

24. Arsenic

mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.01

25. Cadmium mg/lit. BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.003

Microbiological Test

26. Total Coliform CFU/

100 ml Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

Absent

27. E. Coli CFU/

100 ml Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

Absent

Note:

BDL = Unobj.= Unobjectionable, Below Detection Limit , MDL= Method Detection Limit

(MDL: Turbidity- 0.1 NTU, Fluoride-0.15 mg/lit, Total Nitrogen-5.0 mg/lit, BOD-5mg/lit, COD-5.0 mg/lit, PC-0.01mg/lit, Lead-0.003 mg/lit, Arsenic-0.01 mg/lit, Cadmium-0.001 mg/lit)

Results Obtained for physicochemical characteristics of groundwater are summarized in Tables

3.11. The result of physicochemical characteristics for groundwater sample GW 01, test

results of few parameters exceeding the value as per prescribed limit of IS: 10500- 2012 in

terms of Total Hardness, total dissolved solids, buffering capacity of alkalinity . As per the

results ground water quality of GW 01 is hard. The results of bacteriological analysis of ground

water samples revels that there is no faecal contamination of the ground water.



3.2.3 MICRO METEOROLOGY

Site specific micrometeorological data for the project site have been generated at Unistar

Environment & Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, VIP GIDC area, which is 9.00 km away from the

project site in the direction of South-East. The data were collected on hourly basis throughout

the study period viz.; March 2015 to May 2015. The details of the micrometeorology of the site

are presented in subsequent paragraphs.

3.2.3.1 Humidity

Average relative humidity of the site area is recorded as 62.13% with minimum 13.40 % and

maximum 94.50 %.

3.2.3.2 Temperature

Maximum temperature during the study period was noticed on 43.35 °C whereas the minimum

was recorded on 20.05 °C. The average temperature for the study period was recorded to be

30.91 °C.

3.2.2.3. Rainfall

There was no rainfall during the study period in the study area. However, historical rainfall data

for year 2009-2013, as listed on website of IMD indicates that annual rainfall in the region of

has been recorded to be around 2100 mm.

3.2.2.4. Mixing Height

Mixing height of the area been estimated from the primary micrometeorological data using

RAMMET VIEW developed by Lakes Environmental Software. The estimated hourly average

maximum rural mixing height is found to be 1642.44m. Minimum hourly average rural mixing

height is found to be 277.02 m. The seasonal daily average rural mixing height is found to be

1376.13m.

3.2.2.5. Wind Pattern

The data of wind pattern collected during the study period indicates that the wind was blowing

dominantly from 238 Degree (NNE) with 43% Hrs. out of 2208 total hours. The average wind

speed was noticed to be around 3.05 m/sec. Maximum wind speed has been noticed to be

21.61 m/s. During study period, 51 calm hours has been noticed. The wind speed was mostly

noticed between 2.1-3.6 m/s for about 989 Hrs. (44.79%) out of 2157 non-calm Hours. The

details of wind pattern in form of wind frequency distribution are presented below in tabular

form as well as in graphical illustration. The wind rose diagram is also presented in subsequent

figure.



Table.3.12: Wind Frequency Distribution Data (Source: Weather Station, Primary Data, UERL)

Directions

Wind Classes (m/s)

0.1- 2.1 2.1-3.6 3.6-5.7 5.7-8.8 8.8-11.1 >= 11.1 Total

337.5 - 22.5 17 79 21 0 0 0 117

22.5 - 67.5 33 84 35 0 0 0 152

67.5 - 112.5 30 18 7 2 0 0 57

112.5 - 157.5 36 57 17 11 0 0 121

157.5 - 202.5 47 115 102 91 26 17 398

202.5 - 247.5 187 253 128 38 5 0 611

247.5 - 292.5 156 236 31 0 0 0 423

292.5 - 337.5 73 147 58 0 0 0 278

Sub-Total 579 989 399 142 31 17 2157

Calms 51

Missing/Incomplete 0

Total 2208

Fig.3.8: Wind Frequency Distribution Chart:



Fig.3.9: Wind Rose Diagram



3.2.4. AIR ENVIRONMENT

As tabulated in earlier section of this chapter, the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring conducted at

6 locations (i.e. 1 location is within the Project site & 5 locations are outside the Project site)

within the study area. The details of monitoring locations are presented below in subsequent

table as ready reference.

One seasonal ambient air monitoring data was collected during the study period of March 2015

to May 2015.

The parameters monitored for the ambient air quality monitoring are PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx

and CO. PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx have been monitored on 24 hourly basis and CO has been

monitored twice in a week at each location.

Repairable dust sampler with gaseous sampling attachment and fine particulate sampler were

used for monitoring of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx.

CO were monitored with the help of PID based CO detector.

The outcomes of the Ambient Air Quality assessment for the selected locations are presented

below in tabular form.

Table 3.13: Ambient Air Monitoring Locations

Sr. No.

Stn code


Arial Dist. from Proj. Site (in Km)

1. AQ--01 Project Site 20.305286°N 72.853055°E 38 0.00

2. AQ—02 Punat Village 20.314013°N 72.861383°E 33 1.22 (NE)

3. AQ—03 Pali Village 20.326543° N 72.838510°E 35 2.77 (N)

4. AQ—04 Sarigam Village 20.287368°N 72.865055°E 38 2.07 (S)

5. AQ--05 Angam Village 20.299721°N 72.875758°E 30 2.26 (SE)

6. AQ--06 Manda Village 20.279145°N 72.833127°E 27 3.75 (SW)

During the study period major direction of the wind blowing from was noticed South-West

direction and the average wind speed was observed 3.04 m/s.

Table 3.14: Ambient Air Quality of Study Area

Monitoring Location Parameter PM10

µg/m3

PM2.5

µg/m3

SO2

µg/m3

NOx

µg/m3

Project Site (AQ1)

Min 65.00 17.00 15.00 18.00

Max 92.00 35.00 27.00 29.00

Avg 80.00 25.96 19.54 22.63

98% 91.54 34.54 25.62 28.08

Punat (AQ2)

Min 36.00 7.00 10.00 11.00

Max 64.00 20.00 16.00 20.00

Avg 49.13 13.58 13.42 15.00

98% 62.16 19.08 16.00 20.00



Pali (AQ3)

Min 45.00 8.00 10.00 12.00

Max 76.00 21.00 17.00 18.00

Avg 60.79 14.13 13.46 15.29

98% 75.54 20.54 16.54 18.00

Sarigam (AQ4)

Min 55.00 12.00 12.00 14.00

Max 87.00 26.00 17.00 19.00

Avg 70.96 19.88 14.50 17.00

98% 85.16 25.54 17.00 19.00

Angam (AQ5)

Min 40.00 10.00 12.00 13.00

Max 76.00 24.00 15.00 19.00

Avg 61.00 17.79 13.42 15.92

98% 74.62 23.54 15.00 18.54

Manda (AQ6)

Min 37.00 10.00 10.00 13.00

Max 62.00 21.00 15.00 18.00

Avg 51.75 15.42 13.67 15.58

98% 62.00 20.54 15.00 18.00

NAAQS (2009) 24 Hr. Avg. 100.00 60.00 80.00 80.00

98 percentile value of PM10 was found between 91.54 (Project site) and 62.00 (Manda). 98

percentile value of PM2.5 was found between 34.54 (Project site) and 19.08 (Punat). 98

percentile value of SO2 was found between 25.62 (Project site) and 15.00 (Manda and Angam).

98 percentile value of NOx was found between 28.08 (Project site) and 18.00 (Manda and Pali).

Maxium level of PM10 was found in case of Project site (92.00) where as minimum was found

in case of Punat (36.00). Maxium level of PM2.5 was found in case of Project site (35.00) where

as minimum was found in case of Punat (7.00). Maxium level of SO2 was found in case of

Project site (27.00) where as minimum was found in case of Punat, Pali and Manda (10.00).

Maxium level of NOx was found in case of Project site (29.00) where as minimum was found in

case of Punat (11.00). 24 hrly average value of PM10 was found between 80.00 (Project site)

and 49.13 (Punat). 24 hrly average value of PM2.5 was found between 25.96 (Project site) and

13.58 (Punat). 24 hrly average value of SO2 was found between 19.54 (Project site) and 13.42

(Punat, Angam). 24 hrly average value of NOx was found between 22.63 (Project site) and

15.00 (Punat).

3.2.5. AMBIENT NOISE

Ambient Noise level for the present EIA study has been done at six locations presented in

subsequent table 3.15. The noise level was monitored once in study period at each location for

one full day (24 Hrs.). The outcomes of the noise level monitoring are presented in table 3.16.

Table 3.15: Ambient Air Monitoring Locations

Sr. No.

Stn code


Arial Dist. from Proj. Site (in Km)

1. N1 Project Site 20.305286°N 72.853055°E 38 0.00

2. N2 Punat Village 20.314013°N 72.861383°E 33 1.22 (NE)

3. N3 Pali Village 20.326543° N 72.838510°E 35 2.77 (N)



4. N4 Sarigam Village 20.287368°N 72.865055°E 38 2.07 (S)

5. N5 Angam Village 20.299721°N 72.875758°E 30 2.26 (SE)

6. N6 Manda Village 20.279145°N 72.833127°E 27 3.75 (SW)

Table 3.16: Ambient Noise Level in Study Area

Loc.

Code Location

Day Time Night Time

Min

dB (A)

Max

dB (A)

Average

db(A)

Min

dB (A)

Max

dB (A)

Average

db(A)

N1 Project Site 50.0 60.2 55.3 44.6 56.2 50.5

N2 Punat Village 44.5 51.5 48.0 40.2 47.6 43.9

N3 Pali Village 45.6 52.7 49.2 41.8 50.6 46.2

N4 Sarigam Village 47.2 55.3 51.3 42.9 52.2 47.6

N5 Angam Village 45.3 52.5 48.9 41.3 51.2 46.3

N6 Manda Village 43.9 52.3 48.1 42.3 51.8 47.0

CPCB Standards

Residential - - 75 - - 45

Industrial - - 75 - - 70

The noise levels at all locations were found well within the limits of Ambient Noise Level

stipulated by CPCB. Slight higher night noise level is observed at Project site as the site is

situated in industrial estate. No critical issue of noise level in the study area has been observed

throughout the study period.

3.2.6. ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Study of vegetation was carried out within 5 km radius around proposed site. Observations

were made at different sampling points and qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of the

vegetation was carried out.

Methodology:

The primary objective of survey was to describe the floral and faunal communities within the

study area. The sampling plots for floral inventory were selected randomly in the suitable

habitats within the 10km radius from the project site. The methodology adopted for faunal

survey involve; Random survey, Opportunistic observations, Diurnal bird observation, active

search for reptiles, faunal habitat assessment, active search for scats and foot prints and

review of previous studies, Desktop literature review was conducted to indentify the

representative spectrum of threatened species, population and ecological communities listed

by IUCN, ZSI, BSI and Indian wild Life Protection act, 1972.

Habitat Description:

The project site of this new project is situated in the notified industrial area of GIDC, Sarigam.

Most of the area within the study area comprises of urbanised landscape with very limited

vegetation, faunal diversity and richness as the area is situated within the GIDC notified

industrial area. And the periphery of the core site is flanked by industrial units.



The vegetation mostly comprises of open scrub vegetation. Prosopis juliflora (Jangali Babul) is

observed to be dominant in the study area. Some portion of the study area is occupied by rural

area, agricultural field, social forestry and limited natural vegetation. Few patches of sparse

forest come under study areas which are illustrated in the subsequent figure presenting Forest

Cover of study area.

Plants and animals are subjected to many environmental stressors, including the diverse array

of industrial activities and industrial chemicals in the environment. The biotic composition in

the study region, in particular to Umbergaon taluka indicates richness in species diversity.

Fig.3.10: Forest Cover of Study Area



3.2.6.1. Flora of the Study area:

The zone of Umbergoan Taluka shows fairly rich in plant biodiversity having more of annual

and perennial herbaceous vegetation. The small hillocks existing in the perimeter of the

proposed project site are already degraded forest patches and mainly comprised of planted

trees and shrubs. Among the plant biodiversity none of the species belongs to IUCN Red List as

well as Schedule species as per Wildlife list.

From the observations of field survey and also from database of the pattern and type of

vegetation clearly indicate that the zone is fairly good in plant biodiversity. Ecologically the

area has residual impression of forest in the past. The conservation management practice by

forest department over the hilly landscape has helped to regain some good forest patches.

The following Tables have listed occurrence of plant species. Biotic interactions among species

and abiotic factors (including edaphic and climatic characteristics) influence plant assemblages

in many complex ways that lead to the expression of differences at the species, community,

and ecosystem levels. Disturbances within the area differ from place to place, the areas near

and within RF are having rich species distribution compared to the areas under various land-

use.

Following table show the list of reported and observed plant species in the study area:

Table 3.17: List of Major Flora

S. No.

Scientific name Family IUCN status

1. Tectona grandis L.f. Lamiaceae LC

2. Terminalia tomentosa Combretaceae LC

3. Adina cordifolia Rubiaceae LC

4. Ougeinia dalbergioides Fabaceae LC

5. Albizia lebbeck Leguminosae LC

6. Erythrina variegata L. Leguminosae. LC

7. Lagerstroemia lanceolata Lythraceae LC

8. Lannea coromandelica Anacardiaceae LC

9. Garuga pinnata Burseraceae LC

10. Madhuca indica Sapotaceae LC

11. Acacia farnesiana var. farnesiana Fabaceae LC

12. Acacia catechu Fabaceae LC

13. Bridelia retusa Phyllanthaceae LC

14. Mitragyna parvifolia Rubiaceae LC

15. Bombax ceiba Fabaceae VU

16. Sterculia urens Malvaceae LC

17. Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae LC

18. Heterophragma quadricolor Bignoniaceae LC

19. Holoptelea integrifolia Ulmaceae LC

20. Terminalia bellerica Combretaceae LC

21. Bauhinia variegata Fabaceae LC



S. No.

Scientific name Family IUCN status

22. Grewia tiliaefolia Malvaceae LC

23. Dalbergia latifolia Leguminosae VU

24. Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae LC

25. Gmelina arborea Lamiaceae LC

26. Syzygium cumini Myrtaceae LC

27. Cassia fistula Fabaceae LC

28. Ficus glomerata Moraceae LC

29. Mimusops elengi Sapotaceae LC

30. Aegle marmelos Rutaceae LC

31. Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae LC

32. Carissa carandas Apocynaceae LC

33. Cordia dichotoma Boraginaceae LC

34. Semecarpus anacardium Anacardiaceae LC

35. Plumeria alba Apocynaceae LC

36. Borassus flabellifer Arecaceae LC

37. Thespesia populnea Malvaceae LC

38. Samanea saman Fabaceae LC

39. Pandanus odoratissimus Pandanaceae LC

40. Tamarindus indica Fabaceae LC

41. Phoenix sylvestris Arecaceae LC

42. Thevetia peruviana Apocynaceae LC

43. Hyphaene dichotoma Arecaceae NT

44. Typha angustifolia Typhaceae LC

45. Casuarina equisetifolia Casuarinaceae LC

46. Ficus hispida Moraceae LC

47. Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae LC

48. Mimusops hexandra Sapotaceae LC

49. Achras sapota Sapotaceae LC

50. Anthocephalus cadamba Rubiaceae LC

51. Gliricidia sepium Fabaceae LC

Table 3.18: List of Wildly Occurring Flora

S. No. Scientific name Family

1. Blepharis repens Acanthaceae

2. Gantelbua urens Acanthaceae

3. Haplanthus tentaculatus Acanthaceae

4. Hygrophila auriculata Acanthaceae

5. Rungia pectinata Acanthaceae

6. Rungia repens Acanthaceae

7. Alternanthera pungens Amaranthaceae

8. Aerva sanguinolenta Amaranthaceae

9. Aerva lanata Amaranthaceae

10. Achyranthes aspera Amaranthaceae




11. Amaranthus blitum Amaranthaceae

12. Amaranthus spinosus Amaranthaceae

13. Amaranthus tenuifolius Amaranthaceae

14. Amaranthus viridis Amaranthaceae

15. Celosia argentea Amaranthaceae

16. Chenopodium album Amaranthaceae

17. Chenopodium murale Amaranthaceae

18. Digera muricata Amaranthaceae

19. Nothosaerva brachiata Amaranthaceae

20. Ageratum conyzoides Asteraceae

21. Bidens biternata Asteraceae

22. Blumea belangeriana Asteraceae

23. Blumea eriantha Asteraceae

24. Blumea lacera Asteraceae

25. Blumea membranacea Asteraceae

26. Blumea obliqua Asteraceae

27. Caesulia axillaris Asteraceae

28. Eclipta protrata Asteraceae

29. Glossocardia bosvallea Asteraceae

30. Gnaphalium indicum Asteraceae

31. Goniocaulon indicum Asteraceae

32. Trianthema portulacastrum Aizoaceae

33. Grangea maderaspatana Asteraceae

34. Launaea procumbens Asteraceae

35. Sclerocarpus africanus Asteraceae

36. Sphaeranthus indicus Asteraceae

37. Tridax procumbens Asteraceae

38. Vernonia cinerea Asteraceae

39. Vicoa indica Asteraceae

40. Coldenia procumbens Boraginaceae

41. Heliotropium indicum Boraginaceae

42. Heliotropium supinum Boraginaceae

43. Trichodesma amplexicaule Boraginaceae

44. Trichodesma zeylanicum Boraginaceae

45. Lepidium sativum Brassicaceae

46. Roripa indica Brassicaceae

47. Vaccaria pyramidata Caryophyllaceae

48. Cleome viscosa Cleomaceae

49. Commelina benghalensis Commelinaceae

50. Commelina diffusa Commelinaceae




51. Murdannia nudiflora Commelinaceae

52. Cuscuta chinensis Convolvulaceae

53. Cuscuta reflexa Convolvulaceae

54. Ipomoea fistulosa Convolvulaceae

55. Ipomoea indica Convolvulaceae

56. Merremia gangetica Convolvulaceae

57. Merremia tridentate Convolvulaceae

58. Merremia vitifolia Convolvulaceae

59. Cyperus brevifolius Cyperaceae

60. Cyperus compressus Cyperaceae

61. Cyperus difformis Cyperaceae

62. Cyperus haspan Cyperaceae

63. Cyperus iria Cyperaceae

64. Cyperus rotundus Cyperaceae

65. Fimbristylis microcarpa Cyperaceae

66. Fimbristylis miliacea Cyperaceae

67. Scirpus lateriflorus Cyperaceae

68. Tacca leontopetaloides Dioscoreaceae

69. Bergia ammannioides Elatinaceae

70. Eriocaulon eleanorae Eriocaulaceae

71. Eriocaulon quinquangularis Eriocaulaceae

72. Acalypha ciliata Euphorbiaceae

73. Acalypha indica Euphorbiaceae

74. Chrozophora prostrate Euphorbiaceae

75. Chrozophora rottleri Euphorbiaceae

76. Euphorbia geniculata Euphorbiaceae

77. Euphorbia hirta Euphorbiaceae

78. Euphorbia parviflora Euphorbiaceae

79. Euphorbia rothiana Euphorbiaceae

80. Euphorbia thymifolia Euphorbiaceae

81. Aeschynomene indica Fabaceae

82. Alysicarpus bupleurifolius Fabaceae

83. Alysicarpus longifolius Fabaceae

84. Alysicarpus tetragonolobus Fabaceae

85. Cassia absus Fabiaceae

86. Cassia tora Fabiaceae

87. Crotalaria albia Fabiaceae

88. Crotalaria calycina Fabiaceae

89. Crotalaria filipes Fabiaceae

90. Crotalaria linifolia Fabiaceae




91. Crotalaria triquetra Fabiaceae

92. Cyathocline purpurea Fabiaceae

93. Desmodium dichotomum Fabiaceae

94. Desmodium gangeticum Fabiaceae

95. Goniogyna hirta Fabiaceae

96. Indigofera astragalina Fabiaceae

97. Indigofera cordifolia Fabiaceae

98. Indigofera oblongifolia Fabiaceae

99. Indigofera tinctoria Fabiaceae

100. Indigofera trita Fabiaceae

101. Medicago sativa Fabiaceae

102. Melilotus alba Fabiaceae

103. Melilotus indica Fabiaceae

104. Neptunia triquetra Fabiaceae

105. Psoralea corylifolia Fabiaceae

106. Smithia conferta Fabiaceae

107. Smithia sensitiva Fabiaceae

108. Tephrosia pumila Fabiaceae

109. Tephrosia purpurea Fabiaceae

110. Tephrosia strigosa Fabiaceae

111. Zornia gibbosa Fabiaceae

112. Canscora diffusa Gentianaceae

113. Enicostema hyssopifolium Gentianaceae

114. Exacum pedunculatum Gentianaceae

115. Hoppea dichotoma Gentianaceae

116. Hydrolea zeylanica Hydroleaceae

117. Leucas aspera Lamiaceae

118. Leucas biflora Lamiaceae

119. Leucas martinicensis Lamiaceae

120. Lindernia antipoda Linderniaceae

121. Lindernia ciliata Linderniaceae

122. Lindernia crustacean Linderniaceae

123. Lindernia multiflora Linderniaceae

124. Lindernia oppositifolia Linderniaceae

125. Lindernia parviflora Linderniaceae

126. Ammannia baccifera Lythraceae

127. Ammannia multiflora Lythraceae

128. Moschosma polystachyum Lamiaceae

129. Salvia plebeia Lamiaceae

130. Abutilon indicum Malvaceae




131. Corchorus aestuans Malvaceae

132. Corchorus capsularis Malvaceae

133. Corchorus fascicularis Malvaceae

134. Corchorus olitorius Malvaceae

135. Hibiscus panduraeformis Malvaceae

136. Hibiscus sabdariffa Malvaceae

137. Malachra capitata Malvaceae

138. Melochia corchorifolia Malvaceae

139. Sida acuta Malvaceae

140. Sida alba Malvaceae

141. Triumfetta rhomboidea Malvaceae

142. Triumfetta rotundifolia Malvaceae

143. Urena lobata Malvaceae

144. Cocculus hirsutus Menispermaceae

145. Martynia annua Martyniaceae

146. Mollugo pentaphylla Molluginaceae

147. Glinus lotoides Molluginaceae

148. Glinus oppositifolius Molluginaceae

149. Boerhavia diffusa Nyctaginaceae

150. Ludwigia perennis Onagraceae

151. Buchnera hispida Orobanchaceae

152. Centranthera indica Orobanchaceae

153. Ramphicarpa longiflora Orobanchaceae

154. Striga angustifolia Orobanchaceae

155. Striga asiatica Orobanchaceae

156. Biophytum sensitivum Oxalidaceae

157. Oxalis corniculata Oxalidaceae

158. Argemone mexicana Papaveraceae

159. Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Phyllanthaceae

160. Bacopa monnieri Plantaginaceae

161. Dopatrium junceum Plantaginaceae

162. Polygala chinensis Polygalaceae

163. Polygala erioptera Polygalaceae

164. Portulaca oleracea Polygalaceae

165. Brachiaria ramose Poaceae

166. Cenchrus biflorus Poaceae

167. Chloris barbata Poaceae

168. Chloris quinquesetica Poaceae

169. Coix lachryma-jobi Poaceae

170. Cynodon dactylon Poaceae




171. Desmostachya bipinnata Poaceae

172. Dinebra retroflexa Poaceae

173. Echinochloa colonum Poaceae

174. Eragrostis diarrhena Poaceae

175. Eragrostis tenella Poaceae

176. Heteropogon contortus Poaceae

177. Ischaemum indicum Poaceae

178. Oryza rufipogon Poaceae

179. Setaria glauca Poaceae

180. Setaria tomentosa Poaceae

181. Themeda quadrivalvis Poaceae

182. Portulaca quadrifida Portulacaceae

183. Anagallis arvensis Primulaceae

184. Anotis foetida /Neanotis subtilis Rubiaceae

185. Borreria articularis Rubiaceae

186. Borreria stricta Rubiaceae

187. Cardiospermum halicacabum Sapindaceae

188. Sopubia delphinifolia Scrophulariaceae

189. Stemodia serrata Scrophulariaceae

190. Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae

191. Sutera dissecta Scrophulariaceae

192. Physalis minima Solanaceae

193. Solanum nigrum Solanaceae

194. Solanum surattense Solanaceae

195. Typha angustata Typhaceae

196. Pouzolzia zeylanica Urticaceae

197. Vahlia digyna Vahliaceae

198. Phyla nodiflora Verbenaceae

199. Leea edgeworthii Vitaceae

200. Leea indica Vitaceae

201. Leea macrophylla Vitaceae

202. Asphodelus tenuifolius Xanthorrhoeaceae

203. Tribulus terrestris Zygophyllaceae

3.2.6.2. Fauna of the Study area:

Mammals

During observations, the sighting of wild animals was negligible in the entire study area. The

assessment of wild life fauna has been carried out on the basis of information collected from

personal interviews with local peoples.

Reptiles



During field survey common garden lizard, common skink, Garden Lizard was observed in the

study area, but as per the Ranger officer and the local information collected from the villagers

there are snakes belonging to both poisonous and nonpoisonous category. According to

Villegers Dhaman or Oriental Ratsnake (Ptyas

mucosus) found in the study area.

Insects

Insects can also serve as useful indicators of forest biodiversity. They are responsible for a large

part of the complex interconnections that characterize forest ecosystems. The insect

communities that are present in forests help to maintain crucial ecological processes and

preserve biodiversity as a whole. They participate in most of the ecological processes that

sustain ecosystems. Many more characteristics of insects made them the most important part

of ecological balance.

During survey period, varieties of insects were also observed; Insects like Dragonflies,

Butterflies, Honey Bees, and House Fly are observed.

Avifauna

During avifauna survey actual counts of birds were made following the standard survey

technique by traveling a known distance in which designated sampling areas occur.

Observations were made during a walk through in the chosen transect for sighting the birds.

The number of birds observed in one milometer stretch of the site was directly counted and list

was made. The milometer of the car was used to measure the stretch of the study transect.

Dominant birds in the study area are Red vented bulbul, Common peafowl, Common myna,

House sparrow, House crow, Black drongo, Small green bee eater, Spotted dove, Rose ring

parakeet, Blue rock pigeon, House swift, common babbler and the other birds are Indian robin,

Black ibis, Indian roller, white wagtail, Pond heron, cattle egret .The list Avifauna observed

during filed survey is depctited in table below.

Fisheries

Study area is nearer to the sea coast and Damanganga River is flowing through the study area

therefore fishery is an important business in this area. Therefore fishery is economically

important in this area. Umargam is one of the coastal taluka of Valsad district in Gujarat State,

contributing to the marine fish production as well as inland fish production.

The study area has a large potential for inland fisheries including brackish water and fresh

water. Marine fisheries are very important for their commercial value. The important

commercial groups of marine fishes in the study area includes bombay duck, mullet, mud

skipper, hilsa, catfish, clupeids, coilia, miscellaneous fishes, shrimps and crab .

The fishing crafts used for fishing in the study area is non-mechanized boats and small boats

whereas fishing gears are gill nets, bag nets and cast nets.

Table 3.19: List of fauna recorded from Forest Department:

S. No.

Common name Scientific name Family IUCN status

Amphibians:

1. Common Indian Toad Duttaphrynus melanostictus / Bufo

Bufonidae LC



S. No.


melanosticus

2. Marbled toad Duttaphrynus stomaticus / Bufo stomasticus

Bufonidae LC

3. Bush frog Philautus sp. , Philautus Species

Rhacophoridae LC

P. sp. nov. 'Amboli Forest'

4. Skittering frog Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis Dicroglossidae LC

5. Indian bull frog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus Dicroglossidae LC

6. Leith’s Frog Indirana leithii Ranixalidae VU

Reptiles:

7. Small Indian civet Viverricula indica Viverridae LC

8. Five striped palm Squirrel

Funambulus pennati Sciuridae LC

9. Flap shell turtle Lissemys punctata Trionchidae LC

10. Brook’s Gecko Hemidactylus brookii Gekkonidae

11. Common garden lizard Calotes versicolor Agamidae LC

12. Chameleon Chameleon zeylanicus Chamaeleonidae LC

13. Common Brahminy skink

Mabuya carinata Sciuridae LC

14. Snake skink Lygosoma punctata Scincidae LC

15. Common Indian monitor Varnus bengalensis Varanidae LC

16. Trinket Snake Elaphe Helena / Coelognathus helena

Colubridae LC

17. Rat Snake Ptyas mucosa Colubridae LC

18. Banded Racer Argyrogena fasciolatus Colubridae LC

19. Common kukri snake Oligodon arnensis Colubridae LC

20. Common Bronze back Dendrelaphis tristis Colubridae LC

21. Vine Snake Ahaetulla nasuta Colubridae LC

22. Indian cobra Naja naja Elapidae LC

23. Shaw’s sea snake Lapemis curtus Elapidae LC

24. Russel’s Viper Daboia russelii Viperidae LC

Aves:

25. Common Crow Corvus splendens Corvidae LC

26. Indian myna Acridotheres tristis Sturnidae LC

27. Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Ardeidae LC

28. Hoopoe Upupa epops Upupidae LC

29. Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus Charadriidae LC

30. Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea Cuculidae LC

31. Common Peafowl Pavo cristatus Phasianidae LC

32. Little green bee eater Merops orientalis Meropidae LC

33. Indian tree pie Dendrocitta vagabunda Corvidae LC

34. Spotted dove Streptopelia chinensis Corvidae

35. Crimson breasted barbet

Megalaima haemacephala Ramphastidae LC

36. Indian roller Coracias benghalensis Haradriidae LC



S. No.


37. Little Egret Egretta garzetta Ardeidae LC

38. Yellow wattled lapwing Vanellus malabaricus Charadriidae LC

39. River tern Sterna aurantia Laridae LC

40. White breasted water hen

Amauromis phoenicurus Rallidae LC

41. Purple Moorhen Porphyrio porphyrio Rallidae LC

42. Coot Fulica atra Rallidae LC

43. Red shank Tringa totanus Scolopacidae LC

44. Curlew Numenius arquata Scolopacidae LC

45. Black winged stilt Himantopus Himantopus Recurvirostridae LC

46. Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta Recurvirostridae LC

47. Blue rock pigeon Columba livia Columbidae LC

48. Yellow Footed green Pigeon

Treron phoenicoptera Columbidae LC

49. Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis Cuvulidae LC

50. Blue throated barbet *Megalaima asiatica (D) Ramphastidae LC

51. Barn Owl Tyto alba Tytonidae LC

52. House/Little Swift Apus affinis Apodidae LC

53. White Throated kingfisher

Halcyon smyrnensis Alcedinidae LC

54. Small blue kingfisher Alcedo atthis Alcedinidae LC

55. Yellow wagtail Motacilla flowa Motacillidae LC

56. Common Hawk-cuckoo Cuculus varius Cuculidae LC

57. Spotted owlet Athene brama Strigidae LC

58. Ling tailed shrike Lanius schach Laniidae LC

59. Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus Oriolidae LC

60. Blackheaded oriole Oriolus xanthornus Oriolidae LC

61. Gray tit Parus major Paridae LC

62. Large Cuckoo-Shrike Coracina melanoptera Campephagidae LC

63. Chloropsis Chloropsis aurifrons Chloropseidae LC

64. Common ora Aegithina tiphia Aegithinidae LC

65. Redvented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer Pycnonotidae LC

66. Yellow eyed babbler Chrysomma sinense Timalidae LC

67. Common babbler Turdoides caudatus Timalidae LC

68. Paradise flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi Monarchidae LC

69. Fantail flycatcher Rhipidura albicollis Riphiduridae LC

70. Tailor bird Ortotomus sutorius Sylviidae LC

71. Magpie robin Copsychus saularis Muscicapidae LC

72. Indian robin Saxicoloides fulicata Muscicapidae LC

73. Gray wagtail Motacilla caspica Motacillidae LC

74. Purple-rumped sunbird Nectarinia asiatica Nectariniidae LC

75. Baya weaver bird Ploceus phillipinus Ploceidae LC

76. House sparrow Passer domesticus Passeridae LC

77. Indian skimmer Rynchops albicollis Laridae VU

78. Pheasant tailed jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus Jacanidae LC



S. No.


79. Bronze winged jacana Metopiius indicus Jacanidae LC

80. Stone curlew Burhinus oedicnemus Burhinidae LC

81. Shikra Accipiter badius Accipitridae LC

82. Ringed dove Strptopelia decaocto Columbidae LC

83. Rosy pastor Psturnus roseus Sturnidae LC

84. Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia Threskiornithidae LC

85. Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger Phalacrocoracidae

86. Indian reef heron Egretta gularis Ardeidae LC

87. Gray Heron Ardea cinerea Ardeidae LC

88. Paddy bird Ardeola graji Ardeidae LC

89. Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax Ardeidae LC

90. Black Ibis Pseudibis papillosa Threskiornithidae LC

91. Open-billed stork Anastomus oscitans Ciconiidae LC

92. Dabchick Podiceps ruficollis Podicipedidae LC

93. Comb duck/Nakta Sarkidiomis melanotos Anatidae LC

94. Brahming Duck Tadorna ferruginae Anatidae LC

95. Common Teal Anas crecca Anatidae LC

96. Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Anatidae LC

97. Common Pariah kite Milvus migrans Accipitridae LC

98. Black winged kite Elanus caeruleus Accipitridae LC

99. Brahminy kite Haliastur indus Accipitridae LC

Mammals:

100 Indian Flying fox Pteropus giganteus PTEROPODIDAE LC

101 Short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx PTEROPODIDAE LC

102 Grey musk shrew Suncus murinus Soricidae LC

103 Indian Pipistrelle / house bat

Pipistrellus coromandra Vespertilionidae LC

104 Common house rat Rattus rattus Muridae LC

105 Common house mouse Mus musculus Muridae LC

106 Bandicoot Rat Bandicota indica Muridae LC

107 Common palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus

Viverridae LC

108 Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi Herpestidae NR

109 Hare Lepus nigricollis Leporidae LC

110 Small Indian mongoose Herpestes vitticolis Herpestidae LC

111 Indian fox Vulpes bengalensis Canidae LC

112 Long tailed tree mouse Vandeleuria oleracea Muridae LC

113 Indian field mouse Mus booduga Muridae LC

114 Small Indian civet Viverricual indica Viverridae LC

115 Five striped palm Squirrel

Funambulus pennati Sciuridae LC

Note:

Vulnerable (VU) - High risk of endangerment in the wild

Least Concern (LC) - Lowest risk. Does not qualify for more at risk category.



3.2.7. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

A Baseline data/information on socio-economic front has been collected with the help of 2011

census data, discussion with Tahsildars, Sarpanchs, various Government officials, local heads,

etc. as well as by suitable field surveys. The study brings out the following features in this

respect.

There are 10 villages coming within the study area of 05 km study area. As per census 2011, the

study area has total population of around 58,894 people. The demographic status of the study

area is reported. From the total population 31073 are males and 27821 are females. Among

them there are 7,570 populations under age of 0-6 years. A number of the peoples belongs to

SC & ST community, from the total population 1,642 SC and 33479 are belongs to ST

community.

Research Methodology

Research Methodology is a crucial part in any research study in order to meet the desired level

of outcome pertaining to existing research problem. It starts with identification of research

problem based on objective of the study followed by other methodological processes like

identification of data sources, collection of data in terms of qualitative and quantitative, data

cleaning, data entry, data analysis, and deriving the significant findings.

Beneficiaries: The main beneficiaries of the study Children –Education and health, Parents and

community – Hygiene, awareness and health Women- nutrition for pregnant and lactating

mothers ; information to set-up home enterprises, Farmers also get information regarding new

schemes for agriculture development. Men- Awareness of general information about

sanitation and hygiene, employment, programme and scheme, opportunity for new

employment generation etc.

Universe: The study was conducted from 10 villages as per ToR requirements. The new

proposed project study area within 5 Km.

Determination of Sample size: Judgmental and purposive sample method was used for

choosing respondents of varies section of society. Total populations are 58,894 people. Two

or five Sample ware selected from each villages of study area. Judgmental and purposive

sample method includes the right cases from the total population that helps to fulfill the

purpose of research needs.

Data Collection Method: Data was gathered through primary as well as secondary information.

Source of data:

(I.) Secondary data sources

While conducting study, focus is first on the data available at the secondary level –

governance statement, office noting sheet, Panchayat office, Block office, published

reports and documents available under the official recording system. Census of India

2011 is our main source data, analyzing this data provides basic findings about the

overall aspects of the programme.

(II.) Primary data sources

Primary data was collected by Questionnaire interview, Personal interview. Case study,

observations, Focus group discussions will also be conducted within the villages to

gather qualitative information. Many old, experienced and intellectuals of the sample



village, doctors of the PHC Primary health Centre, ASHA worker, teachers and Talati and

Sarpanch of the respective villages were interviewed regarding the matter.

Data analysis and interpretation: Collected data was analyzed through qualitative and

quantitative method of analysis. The researcher also design problem tree focusing major

problems.

Limitations: It may be difficult to survey as localities move early morning for work and many of

them were not available during day time. Language may be one of the important barriers to

reach to the reality of the problem as the total crowd was Tribal, so keeping in mind the team

included the linguistic experts to overcome the issue.

3.2.7.1. Demography

As per census 2011, the study area has total population of around 58,894 people. The

demographic status of the study area is reported in following Table 3.18.Majority of Male

population in the study area.

Table – 3.20: Population Details (2011) Source: Census of India-2011

Sr. No. Total Population Population (0-6 Years) Total

Household Total Male Female Total Male Female

1 58894 31073 27821 7570 3934 3636 12886

Table – 3.21: Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes Source: Census of India-2011

Sr. No. Schedule Caste Scheduled Tribe

Total Male Female Total Male Female

1 1642 863 779 33479 16731 16748

Fig.3.11: Total population of Study Area

0.00

10000.00

20000.00

30000.00

40000.00

50000.00

60000.00


Total Population Population (0-6 Years) TotalHousehold

58894

31073 27821

7570 3934 3636

12886

Total Poulation



Fig.3.12: Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes

Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes Population: Out of Total Population SC and ST

community populations are 2.78% and 56.84% respectively. Most of them are engaged in

Traditional farming activity. And some of them are working in nearest industries as skill and

unskilled labourer.

3.2.7.2. LITERACY

An understanding of education and literacy profile in the region is relevant in order to

understand weather better jobs due to the proposed project could utilize the existing human

resource in the area. Overall literacy rate for the 10 villages as per the census 2011 was 68.11

%. And 31.88% illiterate. The locality is equipped with adequate private schools. Highest

literacy rate was found in case of Sarigam Town. Due to adequate education facility this area

literacy rate is quite moderate. Collage and Training Institute facilities are available in Sarigam

and Bhilad Villages only.

Table – 3.22: Literacy Details (2011) Source: Census of India-2011

Sr. No. Literate Illiterate


1 40116 23123 16993 18778 7950 10828

Fig.3.13: Literacy details

010000200003000040000


Schedule Caste Scheduled Tribe

1642 863 779

33479

16731 16748

SC and ST Population

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000


Literate Illiterate

40116

23123 16993 18778

7950 10828

Literate in study area



3.2.7.3. Occupational Structure

The occupational structure of the area shows total among the total population of 58,894 the

total number of workers is 23596 Out of the total working population, main workers are 21,680

and marginal workers are 1745. Data shows that majority of the population are engaged in

industrial activities. The people are also engaged in fishing and other secondary jobs apart from

cultivation so they are not dependent on seasonal employment of agriculture. Some of them

are working Private and Government service sector. Due to Sarigam GIDC Industrial area

Employment Generation opportunity is high so More than 40.07% population are working

population.

Table – 3.23: Occupational Layouts Source: Census of India-2011

Sr. No. Total Worker Total Non-Worker


1 23596 18505 5091 35298 12568 22730

Fig.3.14: Occupational Layouts

Fig.3.15: Main Workers

0

10000

20000

30000

40000


Total Worker Total Non-Worker

23596 18505

5091

35298

12568

22730

Occupational Layouts

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Cultivator Agricultural Labour Others Total Main Worker

2047 525

1902 1140

13599

2467

17548

4132

Mani Worker



Table – 3.24: Marginal Workers Source: Census of India-2011

Sr. No

Cultivator Agricultural Labour Others Total Marginal

Worker

Male Female Labour Female Male Female Male Female

1 99 116 265 454 484 327 848 897

Fig.3.16: Marginal Workers

3.2.7.4. Public Amenities:

As per the 2011 census, the area is well developed in terms of schooling, drinking water

facilities and banking facilities. All the facilities available in the area are presented in

subsequent Tables.

As per our survey have found that All Kind of Facility like Medial /Primary Health care, Drinking

water Primary/ Secondary Education, Communication & Transportation, Banking & Credit

society, Power supply are available in Study area Details of All Amenities describe in table no

3.24 to 3.27.

Table – 3.25: Amenities of Study Area-Education

Sr. No Vill Name P_Sch M_Sch S_Sch College

1 Sarigam Yes Yes Yes Yes

2 Bhilad Yes Yes Yes Yes

3 Daheli Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

4 Manda Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

5 Jamburi Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

6 Nahuli Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

7 Punat Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

8 Pali Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

9 Angam Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

10 Eklahare Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

Male Female Labour Female Male Female Male Female

Worker

Cultivator AgriculturalLabour

Others Total Marginal

99 116 265

454 484 327

848 897

Marginal Worker



(Source: Primary Census Abstract – Census of India, 2011)

Table – 3.26: Amenities of Study Area-Drinking & Irrigation Water

Sr. No Vill Name Tap Well Tube well Hand pump River Canal

1. Sarigam Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

2. Bhilad Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5)

3. Daheli Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

4. Manda Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

5. Jamburi Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

6. Nahuli Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

7. Punat Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

8. Pali Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

9. Angam Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)

10. Eklahare Yes Yes Yes Yes (0-5) (0-5)


Table – 3.27: Amenities of Study Area-Communication & Transport

Sr.no Vill. Name Post Off Phone Rang-PH PV_Fac BS_Fac Rang_RS

1 Sarigam Yes Yes (0-5) Yes Yes (0-5)

2 Bhilad Yes Yes (0-5) Yes Yes Yes

3 Daheli Yes Yes (0-5) Yes (0-5) (0-5)

4 Manda Yes Yes (0-5) Yes (0-5) (0-5)

5 Jamburi Yes Yes (0-5) Yes (0-5) (0-5)

6 Nahuli Yes Yes (0-5) Yes (0-5) (0-5)

7 Punat Yes Yes (0-5) Yes (0-5) (0-5)

8 Pali Yes Yes (0-5) Yes (0-5) (0-5)

9 Angam Yes Yes (0-5) Yes (0-5) (0-5)

10 Eklahare Yes Yes (0-5) Yes (0-5) (0-5)


Table – 3.28: Amenities of Study Area-Bank, Approach Roads & Electricity

Sr. No Vill. Name Bank_Fac. App_PR. App_MR. Power_Supl. 1 Sarigam Yes Yes Yes Yes

2 Bhilad Yes Yes Yes Yes

3 Daheli (0-5) Yes Yes Yes

4 Manda (0-5) Yes Yes Yes

5 Jamburi (0-5) Yes Yes Yes

6 Nahuli (0-5) Yes Yes Yes

7 Punat (0-5) Yes Yes Yes

8 Pali (0-5) Yes Yes Yes

9 Angam (0-5) Yes Yes Yes

10 Eklahare (0-5) Yes Yes Yes




Legend for Amenities 1 = (0-5) - Facility available within 5 KM 2 = (5-10) - Facility available within 5-10 KM 3 = (>10) - Facility available above 10 KM P = Primary School T = Tap M = Middle School TW = Tube Well S = Secondary School PO = Post Office PH = Primary health centre D = Dispensary PV = Private vehicle PR = Pucca Road W = Well KR = Kutch Road HP = Hand Pump BS = Bus Stop C = Canal RS = Railway Station BA = Bank PH = Phone R = River POW = Power Supply

3.2.7.5. Socio- economic indicators:

The proposed expansion project study area is 05 K.m. from the Periphery of the core zone,

consists of 09 rural villages and 2 towns in 2 Taluka namely Vapi and Umbergaon falling in

Valsad district. The study details based on the 2011 census are highlighted below:

Health:

Medical facilities in terms of health workers, primary health sub centers and primary health

centers are existing villages. The primary health centers, private hospitals, clinic are existing in

Sarigam, Bhilad. Apart from this a doctor comes to visit 2 or 3 day in week along with nurse.

The primary health center are providing treatment for basic illnesses like cough, cold, fever,

infections, malaria, dengue, typhoid and hepatitis. Complicated case is to be referred to the

nearest hospitals Vapi, Pardi, Surat, Valsad etc. While the service is include curative medicine,

the focus on preventive medicine and maternal child health as well.

Employment:

Economic resource base of any region mainly depends upon its economically active group i.e.

the working population involved in productive work.

There are different types of workers that may be classified as - Those persons who had worked

for at least six months or 183 days are treated to be Main Workers, on the other hand if person

categorized as worker has participated in any economic or productive activity for less than six

months or 183 days during the last one year are treated as Marginal Workers and Non –

Workers are those who have not worked any time at all in the year preceding the enumeration.

Main worker population in the study area is 21,680.

Majority of the worker i.e. 3,042 are engaged as agriculture worker and cultivator’s

workers are 2,572.

There are main other population is 16,066.

Total marginal worker in the study area are 1,745.

Unemployment level is high in the region as non-worker population accounts for more

than 59.93% of the total population in the region i.e. 35,298 Non-worker population

includes student, household duties, dependent, pensioner, and others.



A Study found that Majority of women working as house wife as well as working

agriculture labour as temporary basis.

Agriculture:

Agriculture is the main source of occupation and about 64.24 %land is under agriculture. Main

Kharif crops are cotton, Paddy, maize tur (Pigeon peas) and mug. The small area is covered

with vegetables. The majority of the agricultural field is clay in texture. Agriculture is a major

activity in the core area from the proposed site and it is found that most land come under

irrigated agricultural land. Agriculture is the main occupation. The main crops are Paddy,

sugarcane, cotton, banana, vegetables in the surveyed area. Irrigation facility also very good

condition in some of the area Due to canal facility.

Addiction:

Addiction is major problems in study area. It is one of anti-social activity which is directly or

indirectly affected to development of the society. A study found that most ST community

having Alcoholism level is too high.

Migration:

Even construction laborers in the area majorly come from the Dahod district of Gujarat. Mostly

the houses of villagers are of ‘kaccha’ type. I.e. they are made of mud and raw material. As per

observation most of houses were well constructed. Most of migrant industries labor are staying

in Sarigam, Bhilad, Sanjan, Umbergoun, Vapi, An industrial laborer in the area majorly come

from Uttar pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, and varies part of Gujarat state.

Socio-economic Environment

Most of the villages have basic infrastructural facilities like drinking water supply, medical,

power supply, P & T and communication. Electricity for lighting is available on 24 hrs basis in all

the villages under “Jyoti Gram Yojana” Scheme by Government of Gujarat.

The salient observations recorded during survey in the study area are:

Agriculture is the main occupation. The main crop is paddy the surveyed area while few

respondents are having job in private sector or either government sector.

Education facilities are available up to primary school. For middle, secondary and higher

studies people avail the facility from the nearest town or block and district.

Mainly wood is used as fuel in rural area since availability of Kerosene and LPG in the

villages.

Most of the areas are having electricity facility both for agricultural and domestic

purpose.

Literacy level among the respondents is good. This is mainly because of better

educational facilities.

Communication and transportation facilities are good in most of the villages. Maximum

villages having bus service as well as Private vehicle facility.



Infrastructure Resource Base

The infrastructure resources base of the study area with reference to education, medical

facility, water supply, post and telegraph, transportation and communication facility and power

supply etc. The infrastructure resources details have been abstracted from Housing, Household

Amenities and Assets online information on census of India 2011 of Gujarat state, Valsad

District are described below:

Education:

Education Classes up to class 7th included in Primary schools. Classes from eighth to tenth

included in Higher Secondary School classes 11th and 12th are included in senior secondary

School. As per Census survey 2011 village directory record, all villages having education facility

in the form of primary school. The study found that technical institution and collage are

available in Bhilad.

LAXMI VIDYAPEETH, located at Sarigam in providing quality education to this tribal region that

would make better humans and better citizens. Spread over 120 acres in a serene, natural and

lush green surroundings, the LAXMI VIDYAPEETH endeavors to create a world class

infrastructure for Engineering, Para Medical and Professional courses; Primary and Secondary

Education; Research and Food Processing in a phased manner.

Water facility:

All villages having water facility in the record of census 2011. Main source of water is Tap

water, Tube well, Well, Hand pump, rivers, and others sources are Tank water. The water

facility of the region is good. Some of the village getting purifies water by paying a small

amount. Some of the villages

Sanitation:

Sanitation facility in these villages is poor because according to the survey report, only 50%

people are having toilets facility. People are used to open defecation. Most of the villagers in

the study area are Tribal. Now onwards sanitation facility being built by government authority

Under “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan”

Transportation and Communication:

Respondents are satisfied with the existing transportation facility. The study area is well

connected with NH-08 and SH-05. All the villages are covered under state transportation bus

service. Buses have frequency of two or three times in a day and some villages have Road

approaches are in all form like mud road, footpath etc. From the study area Bhilad and Vapi

towns are well connected with western railway and frequency of the trains are excellent.

Power Supply:

All villages in the region are electrified and electricity is available for domestic as well as

commercial, agriculture purpose in all the villages.



Livestock

The multiple benefits to rural livelihoods from the use of livestock goods and services are

manifest in several ways, both economic and social. Home use represents direct cash saving,

and trade provides additional cash income. Locally traded goods and services are sold at lower

prices than via commercial outlets, providing a saving to the purchaser. Most of villages have

good numbers of livestock, which are the most essential part of rural live hood. There is a

variety of type of livestock like poultry, goat, Sheep, cow, Buffalo, etc.

Awareness and Opinion

Awareness is the state or ability to perceive, to feel, or to be conscious of events, objects or

sensory patterns. In this level of consciousness, sense data can be confirmed by an observer

without necessarily implying understanding. In general, an opinion is a subjective belief, and is

the result of emotion or interpretation of facts. An opinion may be supported by an argument,

although people may draw opposing opinions from the same set of facts. For assessing the

awareness and opinion about the project activity socio-economic survey was conducted in the

sampling villages. The salient observations drawn through survey are described below.

1. A good number of respondent were aware about the project site.

2. Respondent opinion positively about the project. They said that any developmental activity

would make wider possibilities for the community, and it will help to raise the life style of

the area and Gujarat state also.

3. Some of them are not bothered about project because its falls under Notified GIDC Area.


UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-04: Anticipated impacts & Mitigation measures (QCI-NABET Accredited) 4-1

CHAPTER: 04 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1. GENERAL

The present environmental impact assessment study has been conducted for the proposed

new project of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals at Plot No.: 1250, GIDC Notified Industrial

Estate, Village. Sarigam, Tal. Umbergaon, Dist.: Valsad (Gujarat) India for manufacturing of

synthetic organic chemicals. The company will manufacture 450.00 MT/M of synthetic organic

chemicals and 414.90 MT/M HCl after obtaining EC & CC&A. As mentioned in chapter 1 & 2, as

per the EIA notification- 2006 (as amended timely) products are covered under any category

5(f)-B1 and hence the company needs to acquire Prior Environmental Clearance before

inception of the production of products with enhanced capacity. Proponent has appointed

M/s. Unistar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd., Vapi for the present EIA study which has

been conducted by the EIA study team accredited & approved by NABET. All necessary details

of proposed project has been studied & referred carefully to determine the anticipated impacts

of the proposed project. The whole study has been conducted in line with the awarded TORs

issued by SEAC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

The details of the Impacts Assessment study as well as planning of mitigation measures for

anticipated impacts of the proposed project are described in subsequent sections of the

present chapter under respective headings.

4.1.1. PHASES OF IMPACTS ASSESSMENT STUDY

In 1st initial phase of impact assessment, the study was conducted for screening & scoping by

EIA Team for further scheduling of the EIA Study. For the purpose study of records, documents

& details provided by the proponent has been conducted. At the later stage of the screening &

scoping, FORM-I of EIA notification SO 1533 was filed along with the Prefeasibility report &

Draft TOR and application to SEAC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat for approval of the draft TORs. The

Draft TOR proposed in Form-I was considered for further actions to start the EIA study. The

Questionnaire for the proposed project was dully filled for better outcome & determination of

further line of actions for EIA study. As described in sections of baseline environmental status

of area, study for environment al quality of the area was initially started with reference to the

Draft TOR and up on receipt of the approved TOR from SEAC, Gandhinagar all completed &

ongoing studies were verified & confirmed with reference to the awarded TOR to comply with

the conditions of awarded TOR issued by SEAC. Simultaneously, the reporting of the study was

also started for extensive study & review of work accomplished time to time. The study was

conducted for 5 & 10 KM radial area from site during the summer (Pre-monsoon) season in

months of March 2013 to May 2013.

Primarily, studies for Identification & prediction of impacts were conducted by following

assessment of baseline environmental quality with special reference to the project activities/



components and their potential stress on the environment. Further ground reality survey by

site inspections, meetings with associated technical & administrative persons, technical data

/document study as well as cross referencing with various subject references was done for the

purpose throughout the study period. All possible impacts / stresses are identified for further

study and citation of primary mitigation measures for each identified impacts/stresses. The

Environmental Impact Assessment was conducted by following Checklist Method using the

Questionnaire, Analysis & Interpretation of document/record & Data by expert of EIA Team

and Technical Experts of Proponent and Scientific & Technical referencing for Identification &

interpretation of probable impacts. Activity-Impact relation approach for identification of

impact has been used for the present study and presented in diagrammatic form in subsequent

section.

After Identification, prediction of the major impact, viz., emissions & Air pollution has been

done using mathematical modelling software for quantitative determination of probable

impacts of emissions. In the later stage EIA was conducted by the thorough study for

preparation of description of potential environmental Impacts & mitigation measures as well as

by following Matrix Analysis for identified impacts. The Matrix Analysis was conducted for

construction as well as operation phase of the proposed. Further Matrix was formulated for

two scenarios: with mitigation measures & without mitigation measures.

With the necessary details of components of EIA study & necessary document review the Draft

EIA report was prepared and reviewed for necessary update for adequate and efficient

presentation of the proposed project activities, environmental impacts, mitigation measures,

safety & management plan etc. in EIA Report. Finally on receipt of Approved TOR from State

level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC), Gandhinagar; completed studies for EIA was

reviewed and verified against the Approved Terms of reference for EIA. All recommendations &

requirement sited by SEAC, Gandhinagar were carefully studied to finalize the EIA Report for

submission to SEAC along with EC Application. A detailed report for the compliance of

Approved TOR was prepared and covered in the EIA report as Annexure-1.

4.1.2. ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES & PARAMETER

Selection of environmental attributes and parameters for impact assessment study is the main

& most important task. The quality outcomes of impacts assessment can only be achieved by

carefully selected environmental attributes & parameters. With this fundamental requirement,

in the very inception stage the environmental attributes & parameters relevant to the

proposed project have been selected. The main attributes & parameters selected for the

present impact assessment study are listed below.

I. Land Environment:

Potential of land use & Land cover change

Potential of Land Contamination & Control Measures

Soil Quality

II. Water Environment:

Water Consumption & Waste water generation

Water & Wastewater Management System & Technology



Environment, Health & Safety Management Strategies

Water & Waste Quality

III. Air Environment:

Emission Sources & Quantity

Emission Control Measures/Technology


Emission & Ambient Air Quality

IV. Ecology/Biological Environment:

Biotic Components (Flora & Fauna) of the area

Change in Habitat and Vegetation

Control Measures & Ecological Management Strategies


V. Socio Economic Environment:

Demographic Characteristics

Amenities & Infrastructure

Management Strategies & Planning for Social / Community Welfare

Occupational /Community Health & Safety Management

VI. Noise & Vibration:

Ambient Noise Condition

Major Sources of Noise from Project

Control Measures and Environment, Health & Safety Management Strategies

VII. Occupational Health & Safety:

Emission Sources & Quantity

Emission Control Measures/Technology


4.1.3. MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS

As described in earlier chapter & sections, the proposed project is a new unit for manufacturing

of synthetic organic chemicals. As the unit will be operating as an organic chemical industry,

there would be many considerable sources of impacts which may have significant impacts on

environmental status of the project area. However, it has been noted that with the use of

bagasse as fuel as well as provision of in-house ETP for effluent treatment for disposal in to the

underground drainage going to CETP will decrease the strength & quantum of the major

impacts. To evaluate the strength, quantum & significance of residual environmental impacts

due to proposed project requires studying & considering the use of resource utilisation as well

as potential sources & control measures of pollutions due to the proposed project. Considering

these, all necessary details of proposed unit has been collected and studied as described in

chapter 2.

The present EIA study is focused to determine all probable impacts of all activities of proposed

project and study has been started with consideration of likely impacts of construction works.

Further, with understanding of necessity of determination of the source of the impacts, being

negative or positive, likely to arise due to the proposed project, impact identification &

assessment study has been carried out for operation phase. The profile of study area and all



resource requirements have been taken in to consideration for the present impact assessment

study. Next to resources, the strength of the proposed project along with the consideration of

nature & process had been determined to cite the probable sources of impacts. Such sources

includes wastewater & solid/hazardous waste generation, emissions from process & utilities as

well as other probable source of impacts on environment like noise generation, greenbelt

development, employment, hazards associated with various industrial operation & hazardous

chemicals and other aspects like use of products, CSR etc. Primarily all these aspects of

proposed project have been considered to determine the type & nature of impacts likely to

arise from the proposed project. Site specific & product specific operations have been

considered for the purpose of identification of the proposed project. In the later stage,

necessary mitigations planned and suggested by the experts of EIA team have also been

considered to determine the residual impacts which are likely to be noticed after inception of

the proposed project.

The details considered for assessment of impacts of proposed project are described below.

RESOURCE REQUIREMENT: The major resources required for the proposed project are

identified to be Water, Fuel and power only. The details considered are presented below.

o Capital & Recurring Cost: Total capital cost for proposed project will be around

350.00 Lakhs. Capital cost for EMP has been estimated around Rs. 25.00 lakhs and

Recurring cost provision for EPM has been estimated to be around Rs. 18.00 Lakhs

/Year.

o Land: Industrial plot/premises in the notified industrial estate of GIDC, Sarigam

admeasuring 5040 m2 will be utilised for proposed project which is adequate. In

1512.30 Sq. m. area greenbelt will be developed and 2668.94 sq. mt. area will be

kept open. For the buildings & sheds etc. 858.76 Sq. m. area of the plot will be

utilized.

o Water: Water requirement will be met through drawl of water from the water

supply pipeline of the water supply department of GIDC Sarigam. Total 39.00 KLD

freshwater will be required for process, utilities, domestic activities & greenbelt.

The details are as below.

Industrial: 29.00 KLD

Domestic: 5.00 KLD

Greenbelt: 5.00 KLD

o Power: The power requirement of proposed unit will be 200 KVA which will be

sourced from Dakshin Gujarat Vij. Co. Ltd. Additionally two DG sets of 200 KVA will

be installed to meet the power requirement during the failure of power supply by

electricity department.

o Utilities & Fuel: Boiler, 1 TFH and 2 DG sets will be installed as utilities of the

proposed project. Primary Fuel required for the proposed unit will be Bagasse for

operation of proposed Thermic Fluid Heaters & Boiler. Bagasse will be acquired



from local market. For DG sets Diesel (HSD) will be required which will be purchased

from local traders. The details are as below.

Utilities

Thermic Fluid Heaters (1 No. of 6 lac Kcal/Hr. capacity)

Boiler (1 Nos. of 1000 Kg/Hr capacity)

DG set (1 No. of 200 KVA Capacity)

Fuels

Bagasse 3 MT/Day for TFH & Boiler.

Diesel (HSD) for DG sets- 50 Lit/Hr.

RAW MATERIALS & PROCESSES: Total 15 raw materials will be required for the proposed

synthetic resins & adhesive manufacturing unit. Further, the quantity of the raw materials

will be an important factor to consider as hazards associated with transportation, storage &

handling of these materials will have considerable impacts. Out of these raw materials 6

raw materials have been identified as hazardous materials as per provision of MSIHC Rules.

The process flow diagrams of manufacturing of all products have been considered for

determination of source of impacts & pollution from the proposed project as presented in

earlier chapter. Additionally, the details of raw materials, process and hazards associated

with the materials & process of the proposed project as given in Risk Assessment are

referred for the purpose of impacts assessment for proposed project.

POLLUTION POTENTIALS: The proposed project being expansion unit for production of

particle boards & synthetic resins will have many major source of pollution. The details of

the pollution potentials are presented below.

o Wastewater: There will be total 10.00 KLD wastewater generations, which includes 4

KLD sewage generated from the domestic activities and 6.00 KLD wastewater from

industrial operations including washing, utilities blow down & cooling blow down. The

industrial effluent will be treated in full-fledged in-house ETP equipped with all required

Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Treatment units. The treated wastewater will be

disposed off through the underground disposal pipeline of GIDC Sarigam which is going

to CETP Sarigam. Domestic waste water will be disposed off through Septic Tank & Soak

Pit.

o Emissions: Company will install one boiler (capacity of 1000 Kg/hr) & one thermic fluid

heater (capacity of 6 lakhs kcal/hr each) to meet the thermal energy requirement of the

proposed project. Bagasse will be used as a fuel for Boiler & thermic fluid heater. Thus

after the proposed project these utilities will be the main source of emission. The

emission from these utilities will not be the major issue as bagasse will be used as fuel.

Company has also planned to install one D.G. Sets (200 KVA capacity), as stand by

power supply facility. Diesel/HSD will be used as a fuel for D.G. Set. The emission from

DG set will not have regular pollution potential as those will be utilized only during the

failure of supply by DGVCL.



In the process of Tri Phenyl Phosphite & Organic Phosphite Phenol are likely to arise as

process emission. For control of phenol emission no special measure is required as it

will be recovered in process itself. Phenol will be distilled and will be reused in process

or will be sold to actual user as by-product.

In some process HCl is likely to arise as process emission which will be recovered by

providing scrubber. The recovered HCl will be sold as by-product.

. The emissions from the proposed project are presented below.

Utility & Process Emission:

Stack-I: Boiler and Thermopack (Ht.-15 Mt., Dia-200 mm)

Stack-III: DG Set 1 (Ht.-15 Mt., Dia-200 mm)

Stack-III: Process (Ht.-11 Mt., Dia-150 mm)

o Hazardous Wastes: The types of hazardous wastes generated from the proposed

project will as presented below.

Total after Proposed Expansion

ETP Waste: 10 MT/Yr (Sell to Scrap Dealers)

Discarded Empty HDPE Bags: 3000 Nos/Yr and Discarded Empty Containers:

400 Nos./Yr (Sold to approved scrape dealers/recycler)

Used Oil: 100 Lit./Yr. (Sold to approved recycler/refiners)

Process Residues: 27 MT/Yr (For incineration To Common Incinerator)

4.2. IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTING ACTIVITIES & PROBABLE IMPACTS

Identification of impacts has been carried out in two parts. Firstly the identification of impacts

has been carried out by determination of impacting activities of the proposed project; then

based on the outcome of this, further classification of impacts based on types & nature has

been carried out to identify all probable impacts in details. The details of the impact

identification study carried out are presented below in two different sections under respective

headings.

4.2.1. IMPACTING ACTIVITIES

The impacting activities in each of the phase have been tabulated at Table 4.1.

PHASE 1: CONSTRUCTION & COMMISSIONING PHASE

This phase involves the activities related to construction activities for the project, on approval

of the project from concerning authorities, activities related to transportation and installation

of machineries and other infrastructures. This also involves appointment of additional

employees – skilled and unskilled labour, technical and managerial staff. The impact during this

phase will be localized and short-term and primarily related to civil works and erection of

equipment. The duration of impact will be limited to the construction period only.



PHASE 2: OPERATIONAL PHASE

This phase of the project is very important as it generates long-term activities and impacts

thereof during the operation of the proposed project.

Table 4.1 (a): Impacting Activities Of Proposed Project

Sr.

No.

Project Phase

Activities

1. Construction & Commissioning phase

1) Site preparation,

2) Construction works,

3) Fabrication works,

4) Use of resources for construction (sand, gravels, cement, water, power, etc.),

5) Transportation of construction materials, equipments & machinery,

6) Installation of the machinery and other infrastructure,

7) Allotment of work to local contract labour,

8) Appointment of employees,

9) Commissioning Plant

3. Operational phase

10) Storage and transportation of raw materials, fuels & products,

11) Consumption of resources (water, fuel, RM, power etc.),

12) Manufacturing of products

13) Wastewater generation & disposal,

14) Handling of hazardous substances

15) Utility operations,

16) Haz/ Non-Haz. waste – storage, handling and reuse/ disposal,

17) Temporary break-down of control equipments

18) End use of products

4.2.2. TYPES & NATURE OF IMPACTS

The second important step & task of the impact assessment study which determines necessity

of further study is classification of nature & types of impacts identified for the proposed

project. This task serves as the base platform for further study. Considering this, the impacts

identified for the proposed project activities are studied to determine the type & nature of the

impacts. As mentioned above, impacts during construction phase will be negligible and not

considerable so only impacts of operation phases are considered for determination of types &

nature. The summarized description of the types & nature of the identified impacts are

presented below in tabular form.



Table 4.1 (b): Type & Nature of Identified Impacts

Particulars

Land Water

Resources

Air

Quality

Ecology Socio-

economy,

OH&S

Noise &

Vibration

Site preparation D,ST,N,M - D,ST,N,M I,ST,N,M I,ST,P,M D,ST,N,M

Transportation, Storage &

Handling of Materials D,I,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M I,ST,N,M I,ST,P,M I,ST,N,M

Resource /Material use - D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M - - -

Construction & Fabrication - D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M I,ST,N,M - I,ST,N,M

Plant Installation - - - I,ST,N,M - I,ST,N,M

Waste management D,ST,N,M - D,ST,N,M - - -

Commissioning - D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,S D,ST,N,M - I,ST,N,M

Storage & handling of raw

materials - D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M - - -

Accident & Hazards D,ST,N,S D,ST,N,S D,ST,N,S D,ST,N,S D,ST,N,S D,ST,N,S

Manufacturing process &

operations D,I,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M - D,LT,P,M D,ST,N,M

Utility Operations - D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M - D,LT,P,M D,ST,N,M

Waste management D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M - - -

EHS & CSR - I,ST,P I,LT,P I,LT,P D,I,LT,P -

Domestic &

Administrative Activities D,ST,N,M D,ST,N,M - - - -

Note: D- Direct, I-Indirect, LT-Long Term, ST-Short-Term, N-Negative, P-Positive, S-Significant, M-Minor/Negligible

4.3. DESCRIPTION OF ANTICIPATED IMPACTS & MITIGATIONS

The proposed project being a new project for manufacturing of organic chemicals requires

considerable quantity of water, power, fuel, human resources, machineries & utilities etc. The

land requirement for proposed project is met by acquiring industrial plot situated in notified

industrial estate, which eliminates the issues related with acquisition of

agricultural/waste/barren or other type of land. The details of all major resources required for

proposed project are described in earlier sections under respective headings. Considering the

above mentioned details of resource requirements and potentials of pollution as well as above

tabulated identified impacts on environment; impact statements have been prepared after

necessary detailed study. The impacts statements for the proposed project as predicted &

assessed are described in subsequent section under respective headings.

4.3.1. LAND ENVIRONMENT

Land/soil contamination is likely to be arising due to spill/leak of hazardous chemicals & waste.

Considering the possibilities of accidental spill/leak some impacts are likely to be occurred on

land/soil environment.



The land acquired for the propose project is within a notified industrial area which does not

have any issues of LULC & change in drainage pattern. However, it has been noted that the

impacts on unused open industrial plot due to development building & infrastructure will be

beneficial to the area of industrial estate.

ANTICIPATED IMPACTS

Construction Phase:

The proposed project is to be setup within notified industrial estate of GIDC-Vapi. The

proposed project will require some minor construction works to establish setup for operational

amenities for proposed project. Most of the building are partially constructed and requires

some minor construction works before taking in usage for proposed project. It has also been

noticed that impacts on geological features is not envisaged. Further, it is also noted that the

issue of soil contamination will not occur as there will not be any toxic source of contaminant

from construction work. Minor pollution during construction would occur due to waste

generation, runoff from construction activities, dumping & stock piling of excavated soil and

construction waste etc.

The construction in the proposed site will not make any change in land use pattern of the area

as the land to be utilized for the establishment of the proposed unit is already designated as

industrial land. However it has been noticed that very minor beneficial impacts on land cover

of the area would occur due to creation of greenbelt within the premises.

The company has planned to utilise the construction waste for construction of road, PCC works

etc. The excavated earth will be utilised in filling for roads as well as filling & landscaping for

garden & greenbelt area. In addition to these company has planned to develop 30% of the land

as greenbelt which will enhance the ecology of the plot area and provide rich environment for

the occupants.

Thus, from above it can be indicated that the detailed expression of construction process

shows no major adverse impacts on land environment during the construction phase but slight

beneficial impact due to the greenbelt would occur.

Operation Phase

Impacts on land during operation phase will occur mainly due to soil contamination by

spill/leak of hazardous waste & chemicals. It has also been noticed that impacts on land may

occur if untreated or partially treated effluent is disposed off on land. This issue of

contamination may have considerable impacts on land due to toxicity of raw material &

product. Especially Phenol, nonyl Phenol, Triphenyl Phosphite, PCl3 and POCl3 will have very

serious issue of soil contamination. Such contamination of soil may result in low fertility of soil

and contamination of subsoil water. It has been suggested to provide proper & adequate

design & provisions of storage, transportation, handling and packing facilities etc. for

prevention, minimization & control of these impacts due to soil contamination. Further, it is

recommended that, the floor area of the storage, transportation, production & packing unit

shall be lined with impervious lining to prevent seepage & percolation of the toxic materials in



the soil. The lining of the aforesaid area shall be checked & maintained regularly to prevent soil

contamination.

It has been noticed that total 5 types of hazardous wastes namely ETP waste, process residues,

used oil, discarded containers and empty HDPE bags will be generated from the proposed

project. Upon mixing with soil hazardous and non-hazardous solid & liquid wastes generated

from the proposed project can create serious issue of land pollution and toxic effects on local

environmental factors. Especially spill/leak of the process residue and used oil on land can have

serious issue of soil contamination. It has been suggested that waste generation from process

shall be minimized by regular monitoring of production process. All solid wastes generated will

be assessed for quantity & quality, on regular basis. The solid waste generated shall be

handled, stored, treated or transported for final disposal as per guidelines of

MoEF/CPCB/GPCB. A designated solid/hazardous wastes storage site shall be provided to

comply with the requirements cited by MoEF/CPCB. The company has already planned to

provide the facilities for collection, storage, treatment & disposal of solid/hazardous waste as

per MoEF/CPCB guidelines.

Further, it is also envisaged that 6KLD wastewater will be generated from boiler operation,

washing and cooling, which will be treated in in-house ETP and will be disposed off through

underground pipeline to CETP. Hence, the issue of land contamination due to effluent

generation and disposal is not envisaged.

Thus it can be stated that the issues of impacts on land are envisaged to be minor with planned

& suggested mitigation measures.

4.3.1.1. Mitigation Measures

Considering the above mentioned impacts on land environment following mitigation measures

are planned & suggested.

Construction phase

o Proper handling & storage facilities for the construction materials.

o Adequate management for transportation to ensure that materials in transport vehicles

are covered to prevent spill & leak on ground as well as transportation is done in

minimum frequency.

o Designated area for mechanical works like cutting & welding and fabrication and such

area shall be with concrete flooring to prevent contamination of soil during operation.

o The concrete waste, sand, rubble, etc. from the construction work shall be used for the

suitable construction works like pcc, road development and filling, etc.

o The scrap from mechanical activities & installation of heavy machineries/equipment

shall be collected and stored in scrap yard for sell to scrap dealer.

o Greenbelt development in about 30% Area of the plot.

Operation phase

o Adequate ETP for treatment of effluent & arrangement of disposal through

underground drainage of GIDC going to CETP, Sarigam.



o Statutory guidelines & requirements for Hazardous waste management shall be

followed in any condition/ situation.

o All possible recyclable/reusable wastes shall be reused/ recycled as per statutory

provision by sell to authorized recycler/refiners.

o Impervious lining in storage and production area which are likely to be affected by the

spill / leak of hazardous chemicals/wastes.

o All transportation of raw materials and products shall be done in closed truck/tanker

approved as per statutory requirement to prevent volatile emissions as well as leak/spill

during transportation.

o HAZMAT guidelines shall be followed for transport of all hazardous materials. Safety &

emergency equipment & materials and safety & emergency management guidelines

shall be provided on the transport vehicles.

o Greenbelt development & management to ensure healthy & dens greenbelt/pasture

throughout the life of the project.

o Monitoring of soil samples shall be done as per Environmental monitoring plan.

4.3.2. WATER ENVIRONMENT

The impacts on water environment are anticipated due to the water consumption and

industrial effluent generation from proposed project. Also the impacts on water environment

may occur due to contamination of water resource caused hazardous chemicals and wastes.

Based on the facts & other project details of project following impacts have been identified &

predicted.

4.3.2.1. Anticipated Impacts

Construction Phase

It is envisaged that there would not be any considerable impact on water environment during

construction phase as water requirement for new construction work will catered by supply of

GIDC water supply. Ground water would not be abstracted to fulfil the water requirement.

Proper arrangement for water withdrawal will be made for construction works & domestic

usage. The water requirement during construction work will be temporary and the quantity will

not be significant as construction works will be moderate in size. It is suggested that minimum

withdrawal shall be done and wastage of water shall be avoided by proper management during

the construction phase.

Issue of subsoil water contamination due to hazardous/toxic material is not envisage as

proponent has planned to provide properly lined storage area for construction chemicals and

materials.

Further, there is no water body adjacent to project site and even there is no natural drain

system in close proximity of project site. Hence issue of contamination due to runoff from

project site is not envisaged. However it is suggested to control & prevent any runoff from

construction activity and necessary action plan shall be prepared and implemented as EMP to

prevent any impacts of runoff and water contamination. Thus looking to the over all details



concerning potential source of impacts of construction works, it is stated that there would not

be considerable impacts on water environment during construction phase.

Operation Phase

The proposed project would require 39 KLD freshwater for production of proposed products,

which will be met through the supply of water from GIDC water supply department and

groundwater will not be abstracted in any case. Hence, issue of impacts on ground water due

to the water consumption is not envisaged. However, it has been suggested that mitigation

measures like minimal abstraction & wastage of water, regular maintenance of pipeline &

taps/vales to prevent leak & drip of water, use of efficient technologies to reduce the losses &

consumption of the water etc. shall be implemented to reduce the impacts on the ultimate

freshwater resource of GIDC water supply which is the river Damanganga.

It is also noticed that total 6KLD effluent will be generated mainly from washing and boiler &

cooling blow down. There will not be any kind of effluent generation from process. Further, it

has also been noticed from the details of manufacturing process that water of reaction is

generated in production of many products. Such water of reaction is not discharged as effluent

but is lost as water vapour from reactor or evaporation loss in drying process. It is also

observed that water is used as scrubbing media in process of some products to scrub HCl gas

which will be utilised for production of by-products.

For the treatment of effluent generated from cooling, washing and boiler blowdown proponent

has planned to provide full-fledged ETP of 10 KLD capacity. The treated effluent will be

disposed off through underground drainage of GIDC leading to CETP, Sarigam. Thus, the

treated effluent will not have any issue of contamination of water resources. However, it is

recommended to control & monitor the treatment process, adequacy & efficiency of ETP and

quality of treated effluent on regular basis and document/records of such control/monitoring

shall be kept efficiently for further proceedings/review to avoid any issue of pollution or

contamination of environmental system.

With consideration of the above details, it is envisaged that the adverse impacts of the

proposed project on water environment would occur only in case of failure of the ETP.

Considering this, it has been suggested that company shall provide guard ponds for temporary

storage of effluent during the maintenance of ETP in case of failure to prevent the impacts

likely to be caused by disposal of untreated effluent. With planning of water conservation, the

impacts on water environment would almost be negligible after adequate implementation of

mitigation measures for wastewater treatment.

Similarly, impacts due to leakage/spill of hazardous substances & hazardous wastes on

groundwater resources are likely to occur as secondary impacts of soil contamination.

Considering this, proponent has planned to provide properly lined designated storage area for

hazardous chemicals & hazardous/non-hazardous wastes. Thus, it is ensured that the impacts

on soil and thereby on water resources due to hazardous substances & wastes will not occur.

However, it has been suggested that proper impervious floor lining within the area of chemical



storage and production shall be ensured all the time and designing of hazardous waste storage

area shall be as per CPCB guidelines.

Thus, looking to the overall scenario of water & wastewater management including scheme for

efficient treatment of industrial wastewater; it can be stated that the impacts envisaged on the

water environment would be moderate & acceptable with the provision of efficient mitigation

measures.


Considering the above mentioned impacts on water environment following mitigation

measures are planned & suggested.

Construction Phase

o Minimum withdrawal of water from GIDC water supply line

o Prevention of wastage and minimal use of water

o Impervious lining in materials storage area and production area.

o Temporary earthen bunds to prevent runoff

Operation Phase

o Adequate & properly designed storage area to prevent spill & leak of chemicals

o Floor of storage & production area shall be provided with impervious lining.

o Drawl of minimal quantity of water

o Efficient & minimal use of water

o Metering for measurement of water usage and wastewater generation & disposal

o Septic & Soak Pit of adequate capacity/size for treatment and disposal of sewage.

o Full-fledge in-house ETP for treatment of industrial effluent.

o Disposal of treated effluent fulfilling the discharge norms through underground

drainage of GIDC going to CETP Sarigam

o Implementation of safety measures & emergency management system for

management of hazardous chemicals

4.3.3. AIR ENVIRONMENT

Considerable impacts on air environment are envisaged due to the emission from the Boiler,

TFH & DG set as well as HCl emission from manufacturing process some product. Considering

these, proponent has already planned to provide bag filter, scrubber and stacks having

adequate height and internal diameter at top. However, to ascertain residual impacts of the

proposed project, detailed study has been carried out as described below.


Construction Phase

During construction phase considerable civil works will be carried out which will have

temporary impacts on surrounding environment. Such impacts would be mainly due to the

dusting & air borne construction materials and fumes & dust from fabrication works.

Particulate level in ambient air of local area will increase due to release of particulates inform

of dust, air borne soil particles and cement from civil work as well as metallic dust from



fabrication works. These impacts will be restricted within the local area and will be temporary.

Further, all these impacts on air likely to occur would be reversible and hence no major issue of

permanent air quality change is envisaged. However, it is suggested that the water sprinkling

on land / loose soil, road and stocked piles of excavated earth shall be done to partly reduce

the probable impact of dusting. Further, to prevent air borne cement particle it is also

recommended that utmost care shall be taken for storage of materials like cement and

adequate closed storage facility shall be provided. In addition to this, the site is located in a

notified Industrial estate, which is being geographically good to provide efficient dispersion of

exhaust of machineries/equipment and construction vehicles. Hence, the issue of air

contamination due to emission of machineries and equipment would not be major during

construction phase.

Considering the above details it is noted that the impact of construction phase on air

environment would be temporary, local and acceptable with implantation of general mitigation

measures.

Operation Phase

The proposed project is a new unit for production of synthetic organic products. The heat

requirement will be met through the heat generation using proposed one Boiler (1000 Kg/Hr.)

& one thermic fluid heater (6 Lakh Kcal/Hr). The company will also install one DG sets of 200

KVA capacities.

The boiler & TFH will require bagasse as primary fuel. In addition to these, company will

require diesel for the DG sets installed to meet the power requirement only during the tenure

of failure from power supply source- DGVCL Power Grid. The DG set will be operated by HSD

only during hours of emergency power requirement situations which include tenure of failure

of power supply from DGVCL. Thus, it has been noticed that the emission of gaseous pollutants

from the utilities as well as DG set will not be major as the emission from bagasse & HSD

combustion is comparatively low than other fuels like Coal, FO, LSHS & LDO etc.

In addition to these, HCl emission from process of some product is likely to arise which will

have considerable impact on air quality of the area. Due to such emission HCl level in air will

increase which can have adverse effects on flora, fauna and human as well as metallic

structures of the area. Acids cause coagulation necrosis. Hydrogen ions desiccate epithelial

cells, causing edema, erythema, tissue sloughing and necrosis, with formation of ulcers and

eschars. Mild exposure may cause dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, cough and bronchospasm.

Severe inhalation may cause upper airway edema and burns, hypoxia, stridor, pneumonitis,

tracheobronchitis, and rarely acute lung injury or persistent pulmonary function abnormalities.

The current NIOSH IDLH air concentration for hydrogen chloride is 50 ppm. No significant

effects have been seen with chronic exposure to low levels of gaseous hydrogen chloride.

Considering all these serious impact of HCl gas proponent has planned to provide wet scrubber

to scrub HCl from process emission.

Besides, impacts on air quality are also likely to occur because of the accidental release of

chemicals spilled, leaked or escaping from the storage & handling operations. Mainly the VOC



(Phenol, alcohols, turpentine, butanol, cresol etc.), other volatile substances (PCl3, POCl3 etc.)

& particulate (metal oxide/hydroxide, stearic acid etc.) are anticipated in the Work place air

due to such incidents of accidental release. At lower chronic exposure levels of PCl3, asthma-

like syndromes may develop followed by a chronic chemical pneumonitis or emphysema. The

inhalation exposure of POCl3, a sense of suffocation, cough, bronchitis, retrosternal chest

discomfort, pulmonary edema dyspnea, and wheezing may be noted. All necessary mitigation

measures like PPEs, workplace monitoring etc. shall be implemented to minimize these

impacts.

Considering the necessity of the further study to determine the quantitative impacts of the

stationary emission from the stacks of proposed project, modelling study has been carried out

using the Aermod View software of Lake’s Environmental Inc., Canada. The details of the

modelling study have been elaborated with necessary information of input parameters as well

as outcome in form of Incremental GLCs and Predicted Ambient Air Quality in the subsequent

description & illustrations.

Details of “Aermod View” Modelling:

Table 4.2 Details of Source Input:

Stack Attached To UTM Coordinates

For ISCST3 Input

Height,

Mt

Exit Gas

Temp.0K

Exit Gas

Velocity,

mt/sec

Diameter

At Top,

Mt X, mt Y mt

Stack 1: Boiler 275795.00 2246723.00 15.00 423.00 18.00 0.20

Stack 2: DG Set (200 KVA) 275778.00 2246723.00 15.00 523.00 21.00 0.20

Stack 3: Process Emission 275761.00 2246723.00 11.00 303.00 8.30 0.10

Table 4.3 Details of Emission Input:

Stack ID

UTILITY POLLUTANT

EMISSION RATE (gm/sec) APCD &

EFFICIENCY

EMISSION QUALITY

NORMS W/O APCD

WITH APCD

ppm mg/Nm3

1 TFH & Boiler

NOx 0.01890* -- Not

Required 17.77 -- < 50 ppm

PM 0.24570 0.04644* Wet

Scrubber -- 39.01

<150 mg/Nm3

2 D.G.Set

SOx 0.0554* -- Not

Required 32.09 -- <100 ppm

NOx 0.8377* -- Not

Required 675.23 -- <710 ppm

PM 0.0594* -- Not

Required -- 90.16

<150 mg/Nm3

3

Process Stack

HCl 0.025 0.00125* Scrubber (>95% ef)

-- 19.23 <20

mg/Nm3

Note: * indicates values used in modelling.



Table 4.4 Details of Receptors Input:

Village/Receptor Grid Coordinate

(UTM Zone 43N)

Remarks

X, mt Y, mt

Discrete Cartesian Receptors

The Discrete Cartesian Receptors

selected are the location selected for

the ambient air quality monitoring for

baseline environmental study.

Project Site 275814.36 2246722.90

Punat 276696.81 2247677.89

Pali 274325.86 2249096.40

Sarigam 277042.20 2244722.72

Angam 278177.93 2246076.05

Manda 273694.73 2243855.67

Uniform Cartesian Grid

Origin

265814.42

2236722.91

Grid Size: 20,000mt X 20,000mt,

No. of X & Y receptors: 21 Nos. each

Grid Spacing: X=1000 Mt, Y=1000 Mt.

Origin for Discrete Polar

Receptors @ 500 Mt distance

276219.02 2246987.96 20 Discrete Cartesian Receptor are

selected in downwind direction (201

Degree Clock wise from N) from

representative source stack.

Table 4.5 Summarized Details of Meteorological Input:

Sr.

No.

Wind Classes

(m/s)

Directions

0.1-2.1 2.1-3.6 3.6-5.7 5.7-8.8 8.8-11.1 >=11.1 Total

1. 337.5 - 22.5 0.0077 0.03578 0.00951 0 0 0 0.05299

2. 22.5 - 67.5 0.01495 0.03804 0.01585 0 0 0 0.06884

3. 67.5 - 112.5 0.01359 0.00815 0.00317 0.00091 0 0 0.02582

4. 112.5 - 157.5 0.0163 0.02582 0.0077 0.00498 0 0 0.0548

5. 157.5 - 202.5 0.02129 0.05208 0.0462 0.04121 0.01178 0.0077 0.18025

6. 202.5 - 247.5 0.08469 0.11458 0.05797 0.01721 0.00226 0 0.27672

7. 247.5 - 292.5 0.07065 0.10688 0.01404 0 0 0 0.19158

8. 292.5 - 337.5 0.03306 0.06658 0.02627 0 0 0 0.12591

Sub-Total 0.26223 0.44792 0.18071 0.06431 0.01404 0.0077 0.9769

Calms

0.0231

Missing/

Incomplete

0

Total

1

(Data Period:01/03/2015-00:00 to 31/05/2015-23:00)

Input Mixing Height

The mixing height data were also estimated using RAMMET VIEW developed by Lakes Environmental

Software. The details of estimated mixing height are presented below as graphical illustration along

with average value of particular hours of the days. Average hourly rural mixing height is estimated to be



1376.10 m. Maximum hourly average rural mixing height is found to be 1642.44 m whereas the

minimum rural hourly mixing height is estimated to be 277.02 m.

Figure 4.1: Estimated Mixing Height Profile of Study Area

In addition to the above input details, terrain was also considered as input data for the modeling. The

input terrain details for the modeling have been presented in earlier chapter 3, Fig. 3.2 & 3.3 (Digital

Terrain Model & Topographic Map respectively). The details of site specific Meteorological data & Air

quality modeling Result are also attached in Annexure-III.

Output Selections:

A. Detailed report for Modeling for seasonal & 24 Hourly outcomes

B. 1st highest 24 Hourly Average Incremental GLC for Cartesian Grid Receptor

C. 1st highest 24 Hourly Incremental GLC for Discrete Cartesian Receptors

D. Contour Indicating 1st 24 Hourly highest Incremental GLC for Cartesian grid area showing

Discrete Cartesian receptor.

E. 1st highest Seasonal Average Incremental GLC for 20 Discrete Polar Receptors at 500 mt

interval in downwind direction (Graph)

F. 1st highest 24 Hourly Average Incremental GLC for 20 Discrete Polar Receptors at 500 mt

interval in downwind direction (Graph)

With consideration of above indicated input parameters, the modeling study has been

conducted to determine the Incremental GLC resulted due to the emission of proposed

project. The details of outcome of modeling in term of incremental GLC and predicted air

quality have been described below in subsequent tables & figures under the current section. It

has been noticed that the impacts of emission will be almost negligible and below the

detection limit in most of the cases. Thus, it has been stated that the impacts of proposed

project on air environment will be negligible & insignificant except the instantaneous short

term impacts of major accidents and accidental release from storage, transport & process

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1000.00

1200.00

1400.00

1600.00

1800.00

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

M

i

x

i

n

g

H

e

i

g

h

t

Hours

Avg. Rural MH



which shall be controlled & prevented by necessary action plan and control, precautionary &

preventive measures suggested in RA. The details of modelling outcomes are presented below

in tabular form as well as contour of incremental GLC values. The print out of detailed report

24 Hourly outcome with all necessary input & output are enclosed in Annexure-II.

Table 4.6 Predicted Ambient Air Quality:

Village Coordinates, mt. Predicted Highest 24hr. Avg. Incr. GLC, µg/m3

X Axis Y Axis PM10 SO2 NOx HCl

1st Highest 275814.42 2246722.91 0.57585 0.43615 6.68778 0.10035

Project Site 275814.36 2246722.90 0.57485 0.43581 6.68207 0.10038

Punat 276696.81 2247677.89 0.19327 0.12596 1.95454 0.0176

Pali 274325.86 2249096.40 0.11419 0.07115 1.10837 0.00509

Sarigam 277042.20 2244722.72 0.08547 0.05726 0.88646 0.0112

Angam 278177.93 2246076.05 0.13303 0.07889 1.23444 0.00884

Manda 273694.73 2243855.67 0.10731 0.07322 1.13178 0.00562

Table 4.7 Predicted Ambient Air Quality:

Location Particular PM10, µg/m3 SO2, µg/m3 NOX, µg/m3

CPCB Limit Residential Area 100.00 80.00 80.00

Project Site

Baseline 80.00 19.54 22.63

Incremental GLC 0.57 0.44 6.68

Predicted Air Quality 80.57 19.98 29.31

Punat

Baseline 49.13 13.42 15.00



Pali

Baseline 60.79 13.46 15.29



Sarigam

Baseline 70.96 14.50 17.00



Angam

Baseline 61.00 13.42 15.92



Manda

Baseline 51.75 13.67 15.58





Figure 4.2: Contour of Predicted Incremental GLC of PM10:



Figure 4.3: Contour of Predicted Incremental GLC of SOX:



Figure 4.4: Contour of Predicted Incremental GLC of NOX:



Figure 4.5: Contour of Predicted Incremental GLC of HCl:



Figure 4.6: Figure: Graph of 1st highest 24 Hourly Average Incremental GLC for 20 Discrete Polar

Receptors at 500 mt interval in downwind direction

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

24 Hourly Daily Avg. Incr. GLC of PM10

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

24 Hourly Daily Avg. Incr. GLC of SO2

0

2

4

6

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

24 Hourly Daily Avg. Incr. GLC of NOx

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

24 Hourly Daily Avg. Incr. GLC of HCl




Construction Phase

o Sprinkling of water on the kaccha road within premises, stock pile of soil, excavated

earthen materials etc. to reduce air born dust.

o Closed storage area for construction materials like cement should be provided.

o Machineries and equipment shall not be kept in idle condition for longer time whenever

not in use.

o Only PUC certificate vehicle shall be used for transportation purpose.

Operation Phase

o Only bagasse as fuel for operation of proposed Utilities – Boiler & TFH

o Only Diesel / HSD as fuel for DG set

o CPCB approved DG sets to be used only during the failure of power supply from DGVCL

Grid.

o Bag Filter shall be provided for utility emission control

o Stacks of adequate height shall be attached to Boiler & TFH and DG set.

o Scrubber shall be provided for process emission control

o Provision of all necessary PPEs to employee & regular workplace monitoring programs

o Properly designed enclosed storage vessels made of suitable materials

o Adequate handling & transfer system preferably closed system operated through the

automation like PLC

o All mitigation, control & prevention measures as suggested in Safety Audit report & RA

report shall be provided.

o Regular monitoring of Stack emission, Ambient Air and workplace air shall be done as

per Monitoring plan

o Transportation must be done in closed approved vehicles only. All safety & control

measures shall be provided to prevent spill, leak and accident during transportation.

o All transport vehicles must comply with HAZMAT guidelines & statutory requirements

4.3.4. ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

It is observed that the site is located in the notified industrial estate of GIDC, Sarigam. The

majority of the regions of the study area are of moderate ecological interest. However, some

significant ecological area in terms of forest area with considerable standing flora area noticed

in the study area. Further, the site is far away from the ecologically sensitive area (DNH Wildlife

sanctuary). The major impact on ecology is envisaged mainly as secondary impact of air

pollution due to project emissions and noise generation. Necessary mitigation measure must

be undertaken to reduce the indirect impact of the project to the nearby forest patches and

overall ecology. All impacts studied are found minor to moderate & acceptable. Thus the

impacts on ecology will not be considerable. However, some minor impacts on local ecological



features like local flora and fauna are likely to occur due to the industrial operations and

hazards associated with the operations which are described below.

4.3.4.1. Anticipated impacts

Construction phase

As the propose project is far away from the ecological sensitive area and as the project is to be

developed within the notified industrial estate itself without acquiring additional land outside

of the industrial estate, issue of diversion of forest or agricultural land and impacts on ecology

is not anticipated.

Further, during construction phase, photosynthetic activity of the plants of the nearby area

may be affected due to the air borne dust settled on the leaf. Beside this there would not be

any major impact on the ecological factor of the area. Only some minor impacts on local flora

and fauna may occur due to noise generation and transportation activities. These impacts

would be temporal and would be restricted within close vicinity of the project site. Hence,

these impacts are tolerable and do not require any extensive mitigation measures except dust

suppression and minimisation of noise by general measures. Beside these minor acceptable

impact, there would not be any kind other considerable impact.

Operation phase

Considerable impacts on local ecological factors may occur during the major catastrophic

incident in bulk storage area for hazardous chemicals especially in phenol, PCl3, POCl3 and

alcohol storage area.

Ocular or dermal contact may result in severe burns; skin absorption can cause systemic

symptoms and death. Systemic manifestations of toxicity may include nausea, vomiting,

diarrhea, dyspnea, tachypnea, pallor, profuse sweating, hypotension, dysrhythmias, acute lung

injury, methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis,

agitation, lethargy, seizures, and coma. Liver, lung, central nervous system and renal injury may

also occur. It may also affect the pancreas and heart muscle. Prolonged contact with the skin

may cause dermatitis. Further phenol is probable carcinogen which may cause cancer in animal

and human continuously exposed to it.

Phosphorus trichloride vapors are irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Pulmonary

edema may occur with onset delayed from 12 to 24 hours. At lower chronic exposure levels,

asthma-like syndromes may develop followed by a chronic chemical pneumonitis or

emphysema. When heated to decomposition phosphorus chloride emits highly toxic fumes of

chloride and oxides of phosphorus. A chronic asthmatic-like bronchitis may develop after acute

inhalation intoxication of POCl3.

In addition to the above, impact on ecology may also occur due to the increased level of HCl in

ambient air resulted by process emission and atmospheric reaction of PCl3 and POCl3 with

humidity. This increased level of HCl in air may have many adverse effects as described in the

section of air environment.



Fire and explosion hazard in the flammable material storage area may have impact on flora and

fauna as well as human in the nearby area mainly in form of serious burn due to heat radiation

from the fire location.

Considering the above details, proponent has planned to provide the best in class storage

facility to prevent chance of major catastrophe and accidental release of hazardous chemicals.

Proponent has also planned to provide all other safety measures & will implement all required

essential plans for safety, disaster & emergency action as mentioned in RA Report for proposed

project. Thus, considering all the safety & emergency measures planned by proponent and

suggested in RA report it can be noted that there will be no considerable impacts on the

ecology of the study area.

Further, it has been noticed that there would not be any major source of pollution of

environment. Bagasse is proposed as fuel for utilities and so the emissions from the proposed

project would not be causing any harm to the local agricultural & terrestrial ecological

component. Moreover, there would not be any impact on local ecological features as the

industrial wastewater will be treated in full fledge ETP and will be disposed off through

underground drainage of GIDC leading to CETP. Also it has been noted that impacts due to

hazardous waste management will not occur on ecology as all waste will be managed as per

MoEF/CPCB/GPCB guideline and will be disposed-off by means of approved method like sell to

authorised recycler/refiner or disposal through TSDF /common Incinerator facility.

The site is adjacent to National Highway No. 8 and all transportation will be done through this

highway. Hence issue of impacts on ecology due to the transportation will not be considerable.

It has also been noticed that the greenbelt development & management by proponent will

have beneficial impacts on the ecological layout of the local area.


Considering the above mentioned impacts on ecological environment, following mitigation

measures are planned & suggested.

Construction Phase

o Greenbelt development around & within premises shall be planned well before the

start of the project.

o Transportation in night from ecological area shall be prevented/avoided

o Noise reduction and dust suppression measures shall effectively be implemented

Operation Phase

o Implementation of all mitigation measures suggested for control of air pollution, water

pollution, land pollution and noise pollution shall be ensured by proponent

o Risk Assessment has to be conducted and all necessary control & prevention measures

for all hazards associated with the project shall be implemented prior to inception of

the project activities.

o Disaster/Emergency Management Plan shall be prepared & implemented

o Development & management of Healthy Dens Greenbelt in and around premises



o Active participation in ecological welfare & forest development activities conducted by

Govt. Organization, NGOs and other such organizations.

4.3.5. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The project is located within the notified industrial estate of GIDC Sarigam. Hence, issue of

land acquisition & related impacts on socioeconomic layout of area is not envisaged. Impacts

on socio-economic environment due to proposed project are envisaged only due to probable

pollution, hazards and direct & indirect employment only. The details of environmental

impacts of the proposed project are described below.


Construction Phase

The issues of impacts on socio-economic activities of the area are not anticipated due to

construction works of the proposed project. Also it has been noted that the impacts of the

construction phase will be restricted within the construction site & for short duration.

The beneficial impacts on the economic condition of local area due to temporary direct &

indirect employment opportunities by contractual employment and contracted works for

construction, transportation etc. Also it has been noted that impacts on public infrastructure is

not anticipated as the site is well connected with national & state highway network for

transportation and water will be supplied by water supply department of Sarigam GIDC.

There will not be any other source of considerable impacts on social environment is envisaged.

Considering these it has been revealed that no major specific mitigation measures for

safeguard of socio-economic layout is required except criteria for preferences to local people in

employment & contract works.

Operation Phase

Issues of traffic & load on public amenities –local road network will not arise as the site is well

connected with state highway network and national highway-8. Also it has been noticed that all

required amenities/infrastructure like water supply system, internal road and industrial power

supply etc, are available for industries in the GIDC industrial estate wherein the project is to be

developed. Hence, issues of impacts on public infrastructures are not envisaged.

Further, the site is considerably away from the nearest locality and the propose project will not

have any considerable source of air, water, land and noise pollution. However, it has noted that

HCl emission from process if not control may threaten health of local people and can cause

serious damage to the public and private infrastructure. To prevent the impact of HCl the

proponent has planned to provide the wet scrubber to prevent the HCl emission. To control

probable pollution necessary mitigation measures has been proposed by the proponent, which

ensures that there will be no impacts on socioeconomic layout due to the residual impacts

after mitigations.



In addition to these, hazards associated with the hazardous chemicals and operations of the

proposed project may result in to the impacts on the socio-economic environment. Improper

transportation and storage of raw-materials, products and fuels and catastrophic accidents

may result in major impact on the socio economic aspects of the area. Many materials has

serious toxic effects as mentioned in the sections of ecology and air environment as well as RA

report. For prevention of such impact the designs of storage area & tanks have been planned

as per the regulatory provisions applicable for particular material. Also the transportation will

be done by approved vehicles provided with all required safety measures as per HAZMAT and

applicable regulatory provisions. Risk assessment study has been carried out for the proposed

project and company will implement all necessary risk/hazard control & prevention measures

as recommended & mentioned in risk assessment report. Adequate fire-fighting measures will

also be provided in the entire plant to prevent impacts of fire hazards.

Over and above these, direct employment of skilled & unskilled person as well as technical &

managerial person for operation of the plant and indirect employment mainly through the

transport, travels, maintenance & other contracts for the proposed project will have beneficial

impacts on socio-economic environment. Thus, with the adoption of policy of local

employment, a marginal long term positive impact is foreseen on the local economic

environment. It is also noteworthy that the CSR activities planned by the proponent will also

have significant beneficial impacts on socioeconomic layout of the project area. Thus after

reviewing all above details it is envisaged that the proposed project would not have any

considerable adverse impacts on the socio-economic environment.


Considering the above mentioned impacts following mitigation measures are planned &

suggested.

Construction phase

o Preferences should be given to the use of By-pass, state & national highway for

transportation

o As far as possible local people & contractors shall be appointed to maximum level for

the construction works of the proposed project

o Construction resources shall be purchased from local area to possible extent.

o Use of water supplied by GIDC water supply department only

o During night time high noise generating operation shall be avoided

Operation phase

o All necessary mitigation measures as suggested for control of air pollution, water

pollution, land pollution and noise pollution shall be implemented.

o Preferences should be given to the use of By-pass, state & national highway for

transportation

o Withdrawal of water only form pipeline of GIDC water supply department only to meet

the Water requirement of project.

o Priority to the local people shall be given in Employment for proposed project to ensure

at least 70-80% employment from local areas.



o Implementation of safe work procedures, risk/hazard precaution/control /prevention

measures and provision of PPEs for all employees etc. as suggested in RA report for

prevention & control of hazards associated with proposed project.

o Regular social activities as part of its CSR Program to enhance the social condition

mainly for education & health improvement in the project area.

4.3.6. NOISE & VIBRATION

There is no major source of high noise & vibrations identified in case of the proposed project

except some tolerable noise from machineries, equipment & utilities. All noises will be

controllable & acceptable with provision of some mitigation measures. The details of the

impacts on noise level & vibration are described below.


Construction Phase

During the construction work impacts on noise environment would occur due to noise

generation from the mechanical activities. It is also noticed that the change in noise level at

construction place will be very less. Maximum noise generation at source due to the

mechanical activity will be 85-90 dB (A) but in most of the activities the noise level will be

around 80-85 dB(A) at source. Therefore the change in the noise level outside the place of

mechanical work (Plant Building) will be less than 75 dB(A). Further there will not be any

considerable change in noise due to transportation as no major transportation work is to be

carried out for the proposed project. Beside the mechanical work there will not be any source

of noise during the construction phase. Further the impacts of noise will be very local to the

place of mechanical work and will occur for very shorter period of the work. PPEs like ear plug

will be provided to the workers /personnel engaged in mechanical works which will eliminate

the impacts of noise on human health at work place. Out the plant premises the noise level will

remain unchanged and the noise level outside the plant premises is found varying between 60-

70 dB (A). Hence there will not be any impacts on the noise environment during the

construction phase of the proposed project.

Operation Phase

Impacts on noise environment during the operation phase would mainly because of the noise

generation from the mechanical activities for maintenance, operation of machineries &

equipments (like Compressor, TFH, Boiler) and vehicular noise from transportation activities. It

is also noticed that the change in existing noise level at location outside plant premises will not

occur and remain same below 65 -70 dB(A). Maximum noise generation at source due to the

mechanical activity will be 85-90 dB(A), operation of TFH, boiler & compressor will be 85-90

dB(A) but in most of the activities the noise level will be around 75-80 dB(A) at source.

Therefore the change in the noise level outside various Plant Buildings of source of noise will

be less than 75 dB(A). Further there will not be any considerable change in noise due to



transportation as no major change in transportation work is to be carried out for the proposed

project. Beside the site is far away from the locality and having very good connectivity to the

nearest State highway & National Highway. The route of transportation does not pass through

any major locality and moreover the night transportation is very rare. Hence there will not be

any impacts on noise level of surrounding area due to the transportation. Further the impacts

of noise from the operation activities will be restricted to the area of source which will be

mitigated by provision of the PPEs like Ear muff and Ear plug as well as by scheduling exposure

time by adequate working time management. PPEs provided to the workers /personnel

engaged in operation works will eliminate the impacts of noise on human health at work place.

Beside the PPEs proper lubrication, regular maintenance for prevention of friction & vibration

will also minimise the impacts on noise environment by reducing level of noise generation.

Hence there will not be any impacts on the noise environment during the operation phase.


During construction phase no specific mitigation measures is required as noise will not be

considerable to cause any impacts outside of the construction area. Further, some specific

mitigation measures to control noise & vibrations are required during operation phase.

Considering these following mitigation measures are planned & suggested for operation phase.

Construction Phase

o No use of loud noise horn in vehicles engaged in construction works

o High noise generating activities shall be restricted in night time

o Provision of PPEs like earmuff & earplug for all concerned employees

o Stopping engine of idle equipment & machineries not in use

Operation Phase

o Housing of all utilities on sturdy non-vibrating foundations with rubber pads

o Selection & installation of low noise generation Boiler, TFHs & other machineries

o Selection of DG set meeting the CPCB guidelines for noise generation with acoustic

enclosures/silencer

o Creation of adequate barrier in form of properly designed building wall and housing of

boiler, TFH and DG set in a close designated room with acoustic enclosure For

prevention of noise propagation

o Barrier in form of Dens Greenbelt in and around premises and concrete wall wherever

required & suitable

o Provision of PPEs like earmuff & earplug for all concerned employees to cope up with

the issue of occupational noise exposure

o Proper shift timing & regular annual checkup of concern employees to

prevent/minimise impacts of noise on occupational health.



4.3.7. OCCUPATION HEALTH & SAFETY

Impacts of proposed project on occupational health are anticipated mainly due to the toxic &

fire hazards of chemicals as well as physical hazards of heavy works. The details of the

anticipated impacts and mitigation measures are presented below.


Construction phase

During construction phase impacts on occupational health & safety may occur mainly due to

the hazards associated with storage & handling of construction materials and high noise

generating operations. Also, some impacts are likely to arise due to the physical hazards

associated with construction & fabrication works. Cement & dust particles arise from storage

and construction works may have adverse impacts on occupation health & safety. Similarly fall,

trip and slip during construction operation as well as material handling operation may also

have impacts on occupational health & safety. Noise generation during construction phase due

to operation of construction machineries and equipment may also cause considerable impacts

on occupational health & safety. Considering these all probabilities, it is suggested to provide

safety gears like face mask, goggles, ear muff/plug, safety helmet and non-slippery safety shoes

for all concerned employees engaged in construction works.

Operation phase

The proposed project requires 14 raw materials which includes 6 hazardous materials as per

MSIHC Rules 2000. These hazardous materials may have serious toxic effects on occupational

health. Continuous exposure of employee to these hazardous chemical beyond permissible

limit (TWA/TLV) may result in permanent or temporary toxic or lethal effects. Hence,

considering the necessity of assessment of such possibility by necessary modelling study for

determination of hazardous areas & risk, RA for the proposed project has been conducted. The

details of all probable toxic & flammable hazards are described in the RA report in Chapter-6.

It has been noticed that the hazardous condition causing serious effects on occupational health

may occur only during the catastrophic incident. Hence, impacts on occupational health &

safety of personnel of the company during the catastrophic / considerable hazard incident are

noticeable. To prevent the chances of such significant catastrophic/considerable hazard

incident and associated risk, company has committed to implement all necessary hazard

prevention, precautionary and control measures as suggested in the RA report. Further, it has

to be noticed that the minor continuous exposure to the toxic materials may lead to health

issue in long term. Hence, it is necessary to keep an eye on the health status of all employees

on regular basis. For the purpose company has planned to organise regular occupation health

checkup program as mentioned in chapter of environmental management & monitoring plan.

Further, it has also been noticed that impacts on occupational health & safety in form of OSD,

fall, slip, trip etc. may also occur due to heavy works like manual lifting of heavy good,

continuous working in single position, working in improper ergonomic conditions etc.

Considering these, proponent has planned closed automated transfer system for major raw

materials as well as forklift & trolley for other handlings to ensure minimal manual handling.



Also proponent has planned to provide all necessary safety gears and emergency equipment

for prevention or minimisation of chances of impacts on occupational health.


No major mitigation for occupation health & safety is required except the implementation of

construction safety plan. Further, for operation phase, following hazards/risk reduction

measures for Handling, Storage of Hazardous Materials (Bags, Drums & Tanks) are suggested to

maintain safe work place & hazard free areas in the proposed unit.

Construction Phase

Provision of PPEs Like face mask, Goggles, safety shoes, helmets, safety gloves, ear

muff/plug etc. for all concerned employee

Safety belt for employee working on scaffolding

Implementation of construction safety measures

Turning off engines of idle high noise generating equipment / machineries

Operation Phase

To follow all statutory guidelines related with occupational health & safety

Provision of all necessary facilities & procedures for occupational health & safety in the

proposed unit

Compliance with the provisions of the Manufacture, storage & Import of Hazardous

Chemicals Rules, 1986 & the factories Act, 1948 & Gujarat Factories Rules, 1963 and The

Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996 (As

amended timely)

Provision of necessary PPEs, safety equipment/ materials like face mask, Goggles, safety

shoes, helmets, safety gloves, ear muff/plug etc.

Provision of Proper label and identification board /stickers in the storage area.

Use of Drum /Bag handling trolley / stackers/fork lift for handling & transfer of drum/bag

Materials storage as per material compatibility and separate area for flammable,

corrosive and toxic chemical drums storage

Static grounding points for all tanks, process vessels/reactors and other facilities of

storage & transfer of chemicals.

Provision of local exhaust in warehouse & process to prevent toxic chemical vapour

accumulation, chances of exposure above PEL/TLV limits

Material safety data sheets to be displayed at storage as well as process and chemical

handling area

Provision of Fire hydrant system & fire extinguishers in proposed unit as per TAC/NFPA

Norms.

Automated Fire detection system shall be provided in storage area as well as plant area.

Where automated system is not feasible to install, manual call points for fire location

identification should be installed in plant premises.

Provision of Safety valve on reactor

Periodic On Site Emergency, Mock Drills, in order to train the staff and make them

mentally prepared to tackle any emergency



Proper colouring as per IS 2379 in plant to pipeline network, tank and equipment to

protect it from corrosion.

Implementation of work permit system on 100 % basis for hazardous work to be carried

out in the plant

Preparation of Induction safety course and compulsory training of all new employees

before starting duties in plant

Regular inspection for the safety procedures and use of PPEs & Safety

equipment/material by the management/safety cell

Carry out Health check-up programs regularly and maintenance of all records &

documents related with employee health check-up program

Pre-employment medical examination and periodical postemployment medical

examination will be carried out once in a six month and record will be maintained in

Form No-32 & 33 as per GFR.

4.4. EVALUATION OF IMPACTS

Matrix methods are basically generalized checklists where one dimension of a matrix is a list of

environmental, social & economic factors likely to be affected by a proposal. The other

dimension is a list of actions associated with development. These relate to both construction

and operation phases. Making cells representing a likely impact resulting from the interaction

of a facet of the development with an environmental feature identifies impacts. With some

matrices qualitative representation of impact importance and magnitude are inserted in

individual cell.

Matrices provide cause-effect relationships between the various project activities and their

impacts on the numerous environmentally important sectors or components. Matrices provide

a graphic tool for display of impacts to their audience in a manner that can be easily

comprehended.

The impact of different project activities on various environmental components like ecology,

environmental pollution, aesthetics and socio-economics have been summarized in a form of a

matrix and are presented in Table 4.8 to 4.11 for Construction & Operation Phase.

To show the potentials of impact, a two-dimensional MATRIX System has been employed with

impact magnitudes of an each cause. All the impacts are confined to the study region of 5-km

radius from the Plant. The summary shows the influence of the Environment Management Plan

(EMP) also i.e. impact predicted for both, with and without EMP. The MATRIX System assumes

the following:

The environmental indices identified can be classified into the following:

Physical Parameters : Surface water quality Ground water quality Air quality & Climate Soil Quality



Land use pattern & Topography Ecological Parameters : Forests/ Parks/ Sanctuary Flora & Fauna Aquatic ecosystem Social Parameters: Aesthetics

Local Housing structure Services Health & Safety Economic Parameters : Agriculture Fisheries Industries Employment

The assessment of the impact of the general impacting activities on the above parameters of

environmental indices can be done by establishing a co-relation by “Cause and effect

relationship” with the help of impact matrices. The environmental impact matrices can be

prepared for two conditions:

1. Without mitigation/control measures.

2. With proposed mitigation measures for adverse / beneficial effects.

The criteria for evaluation of qualitative matrix are presented herewith:

1. No Impact (0) :

This indicates that the project activity is unlikely to have any impact on an

environmental attribute.

2. Negligible Adverse Impact (-1) / Negligible Beneficial Impact (+1) :

It signifies that the actions have minor effect, adverse or beneficial, on the environmental

parameters concerned.

3. Significant Adverse Impact(-2) / Significant Beneficial Impact (+2) :

The activities and their environmental Impacts are judged to be significant if they

create, or have the potential to create concern in the public or professional

community.

4. High Adverse Impact(-3) / High Beneficial Impact (+3):

The action that can create or have a potential to create controversy in the public or

professional community due to its long-term effect. They may be at times

irreversible.

The criteria for Overall evaluation of qualitative matrix are presented below:

A. Highly Negative overall Impacts: Total Score= above -353

B. Moderately Negative overall Impacts: Total Score= -176 to - 352

C. Slightly Negative overall Impacts: Total Score= -1 to -176

D. Neutral overall Impacts: Total Score = 0

E. Slightly Positive overall Impacts: Total Score= 1 to 176

F. Moderately Positive overall Impacts: Total Score= 176 to 352

G. Highly Positive overall Impacts: Total Score = above 353



The environmental Impact matrix without mitigation / control measures during the

construction phase is given as Table 4.8, while the matrix with proposed mitigation measures

during the construction phase is given in Table 4.9.

The environmental Impact matrix without mitigation / control measures during the operation

phase is given as Table 4.10, while the matrix with proposed mitigation measures during the

operation phase is given in Table 4.11.

As seen in the tables 4.8 & 4.9, overall impacts of the construction phase of the proposed project without mitigation measures would be -66 which would turn in slightly negative impacts (-8) by provision of mitigation measures. It is also seen from the table 4.9 that the adverse impacts on environment would occur mainly due to impacts on Air Quality & Climate and occupation health & safety. It is also observed that the adverse impacts after necessary mitigation measures would occur only due to the installation of the machinery and other infrastructure and commissioning of plants during construction phase.

Further, as seen in the tables 4.10 & 4.11, overall impacts of the operation phase of the proposed project without mitigation measures would be -152 which would be reduced to -21 by provision of mitigation measures. It is also seen from the table 4.11 that the adverse impacts on environment would occur mainly due to impacts on occupation health & safety as well as impacts on ambient air quality. It is also observed that the adverse impacts would be mainly due to the Temporary break-down of control equipments (-11).



Table 4.8 : Matrix Evaluation for proposed project without mitigation measures (Construction Phase)

IMPACT SOURCES

PARAMETERS

Site

pre

par

atio

n

Co

nst

ruct

ion

wo

rks

Fab

rica

tio

n w

ork

s

Use

of

con

stru

ctio

n r

eso

urc

es

Tran

spo

rtat

ion

of

con

stru

ctio

n

mat

eria

ls, e

qu

ipm

ents

& m

ach

iner

y

Inst

alla

tio

n o

f th

e m

ach

iner

y an

d

oth

er in

fras

tru

ctu

re

Allo

tmen

t o

f w

ork

to

loca

l co

ntr

act

lab

ou

r an

d e

mp

loye

es

Co

mm

issi

on

ing

Pla

nt

TOTA

L

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS:

Surface Water 0 -1 0 -1 0 0 0 -2 -4

Ground Water 0 -1 0 -1 0 0 0 -1 -3

Air Quality & Climate -1 -2 -2 -3 -2 -2 0 -3 -15

Soil Quality -1 -1 -2 -2 -1 -2 0 -2 -11

Landuse pattern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ECOLOGICAL PARAMETERS:

Forest/ Park/ Sanctuary 0 -1 0 -1 0 0 0 -2 -4

Flora & Fauna 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 -2 -7

Aquatic Ecosystem 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -1

SOCIAL PARAMETERS:

Aesthetics 0 -1 -1 -1 -2 -3 0 -3 -11

Local housing structure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Services 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Health & Safety -1 -3 -2 -2 -1 -3 0 -3 -15

ECONOMIC PARAMETERS:

Agriculture 0 -2 0 0 0 0 0 -2 -4

Fisheries 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Industries, Trade and Business 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 3

Employment 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 6

TOTAL -3 -12 -6 -10 -5 -10 1 -21 -66



Table 4.9 : Matrix Evaluation for proposed project with mitigation measures (Construction Phase)

IMPACT SOURCES

PARAMETERS

Site

pre

par

atio

n

Co

nst

ruct

ion

wo

rks

Fab

rica

tio

n w

ork

s

Use

of

con

stru

ctio

n r

eso

urc

es

Tran

spo

rtat

ion

of

con

stru

ctio

n

mat

eria

ls, e

qu

ipm

ents

& m

ach

iner

y

Inst

alla

tio

n o

f th

e m

ach

iner

y an

d

oth

er in

fras

tru

ctu

re

Allo

tmen

t o

f w

ork

to

loca

l co

ntr

act

lab

ou

r an

d e

mp

loye

es

Co

mm

issi

on

ing

Pla

nt

TOTA

L


Surface Water 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ground Water 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Air Quality & Climate -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 -1 -7

Soil Quality 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 -1

Landuse pattern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Forest/ Park/ Sanctuary 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Flora & Fauna 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Aquatic Ecosystem 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SOCIAL PARAMETERS:

Aesthetics 0 -1 0 0 -1 -1 0 -1 -4

Local housing structure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Services 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Health & Safety -1 -1 -1 0 0 -1 0 -1 -5


Agriculture 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fisheries 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Industries, Trade and Business 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 3

Employment 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 6

TOTAL -2 -2 0 1 0 -3 1 -3 -8



Table 4.10 : Matrix Evaluation for proposed project without mitigation measures (Operation Phase)

IMPACT SOURCES

PARAMETERS St

ora

ge a

nd

tra

nsp

ort

atio

n

Co

nsu

mp

tio

n o

f re

sou

rces

Man

ufa

ctu

rin

g o

f p

rod

uct

s

Was

tew

ater

gen

erat

ion

& d

isp

osa

l

Han

dlin

g o

f h

azar

do

us

sub

stan

ces

Uti

lity

op

erat

ion

s

Haz

/ N

on

-Haz

. was

te –

sto

rage

, han

dlin

g an

d r

eu

se/

dis

po

sal

Tem

po

rary

bre

ak-d

ow

n o

f co

ntr

ol

equ

ipm

ents

End

use

of

pro

du

cts

TOTA

L


Surface Water 0 -2 -2 -3 -3 -1 -1 -3 0 -15

Ground Water 0 -2 -2 -2 -2 -1 -1 -3 0 -13

Air Quality & Climate -2 -2 -3 -1 -3 -3 -2 -3 -1 -20

Soil Quality -1 0 -3 -3 -3 -2 -3 -3 -1 -19

Landuse pattern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Forest/ Park/ Sanctuary -2 0 -2 -2 -1 -1 -2 -2 0 -12

Flora & Fauna -2 0 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 0 -14

Aquatic Ecosystem 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 -1

SOCIAL PARAMETERS:

Aesthetics -2 0 -1 -2 -1 -2 -2 -3 -1 -14

Local housing structure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Services -1 -1 0 -2 -1 0 0 0 0 -5

Health & Safety -3 0 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -1 -22


Agriculture -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -3 -2 -3 0 -15

Fisheries 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 0 -7

Industries 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3

Employment 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2

TOTAL -13 -8 -20 -23 -21 -19 -19 -27 -2 -152



Table 4.11 : Matrix Evaluation for proposed project with mitigation measures (Operation Phase)

IMPACT

SOURCES

PARAMETERS Sto

rage

an

d t

ran

spo

rtat

ion

Co

nsu

mp

tio

n o

f re

sou

rces

Man

ufa

ctu

rin

g o

f p

rod

uct

s

Was

tew

ater

gen

erat

ion

& d

isp

osa

l

Han

dlin

g o

f h

azar

do

us

sub

stan

ces

Uti

lity

op

erat

ion

s

Haz

/ N

on

-Haz

. was

te –

sto

rage

, han

dlin

g an

d r

eu

se/

dis

po

sal

Tem

po

rary

bre

ak-d

ow

n o

f co

ntr

ol

equ

ipm

ents

End

use

of

pro

du

cts

TOTA

L


Surface Water Quality 0 0 -1 -1 0 0 0 -2 0 -4

Ground Water Quality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 -1

Air Quality & Climate -1 0 -1 0 -1 -1 0 -1 -1 -6

Soil Quality 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -3

Landuse pattern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Forest/ Park/ Sanctuary 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 -1

Flora & Fauna 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 -1

Aquatic Ecosystem 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SOCIAL PARAMETERS:

Aesthetics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 -1 -3

Local housing structure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Services 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 -1

Health & Safety -1 0 -1 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -7


Agriculture 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 -1

Fisheries 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Industries 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3

Employment 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 4

TOTAL 0 1 -3 -2 -2 -1 -1 -11 -2 -21

SANDHYA PLASTICIZERS & CHEMICALS EIA Report for proposed manufacturing of Synthetic Organic Chemicals- Organic Phosphites, Organic Phosphates & Plastic Stabilizers

UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-05: Environmental monitoring program (QCI-NABET Accredited) 5-1

CHAPTER: 05

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

5.1. GENERAL

M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers and Chemicals has proposed a new unit for production of synthetic

organic chemicals. As the project requires prior environmental clearance before setting up the

unit, present EIA study has been conducted as per provision of SO 1533 (as timely amended).

As described in earlier chapter 4, some minor impacts on environment due to the operation of

proposed project would occur. Considering the studied probabilities of impacts on various

environmental attributes, detailed impacts evaluation study has been conducted as presented

in earlier chapter 4. Based on the predicted & assessed impacts as well as the baseline

environmental status of the project area, present environmental monitoring plan has been

designed& suggested for implementation as post project environmental monitoring program

as described below in subsequent sections under respective headings.

5.1.1. OBJECTIVE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

As described in earlier chapter 4, the proposed project will have only acceptable minor impacts

mainly due to emission, effluent generation &disposal, contamination of workplace air due to

fugitive & process emission and toxic contamination of air due to major accident in storage &

transportation activities releasing toxic/hazardous chemicals. Noise & vibration generation will

not be a major issue as the noise level in plant will always remain well below the stipulated

standard & limits prescribed by CPCB/GPCB and NIOSH/OSHA for workplace/industrial area.

Necessary mitigation has been suggested by EIA team and all major points have been covered

in EMP for prevention, control & mitigation of these probable impacts.

For regular tracking of the effectiveness of mitigation measures & EMP at specific interval,

regular monitoring of the necessary environmental parameters is required to keep the records

updated for review and revision of EMP as & when required. With this vision, the present

environment monitoring program has been prepared with due consideration of the baseline

status of the project area, various components of project & environmental attributes likely to

be affected.

The Environmental Monitoring Program has been scheduled for the following major objectives:

To comply with the statutory requirements of monitoring for compliance with conditions of

EC, NOC and CC&A

To comply with the provision of Factory Act/Rules& MSIHC Rules

Assessment of the changes in environmental conditions, if any, during the project

operation/activities.

Monitoring & tracking the effectiveness of Environment Management Plan &

implementation of mitigation measures planned.



Identification of any significant adverse transformation in environmental condition to plan

additional mitigation measures; if & as required

The environmental monitoring program designed with the above objective and understandings

have been described in the present chapter in subsequent sections under respective heading.

M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers and Chemicals shall implement the environment monitoring

programs in line with the planned schedule. The company shall ensure that the necessary

requisite & facilities are made available and necessary arrangement including budgetary

provision has been made as & when required to ensure regular efficient environmental

monitoring activities.

5.2. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

The environmental monitoring program has been prepared in five different sections covering

all necessary guidelines & plan for effective & efficient monitoring of the environmental

conditions to ensure that EMP is implemented efficiently to prevent/minimize the anticipated

impacts as described in earlier chapter-4. All required aspects including location, parameters,

interval/frequency as well required documentation & records and budgetary provisions has

been covered in the planned environmental monitoring program. The details are of the

programs are presented below under respective headings.

5.2.1. ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES & LOCATION OF SAMPLING

The monitoring points/location & components of significance shall be as following:

Table 5.1: Monitoring Points/Locations & Components

Sr. No. Environmental Components Monitoring Points/Location

1. Ambient Air Ambient air quality at minimum 3 location within the plant premises having 1 location in downwind direction.

Ambient air quality at minimum 1location in downwind direction preferably at interval of 500 mtrs. & 1 km distance from plant boundary.

Workplace areas: RM Storage and Production areas

In case of accidental leak & spill of hazardous chemical: At maximum spots likely to be affected

2. Water & Wastewater Groundwater from bore well nearest to project site

In case of accidental spillage/leak , groundwater samples from the area likely to be affected

3. Emission All Stacks including stacks of TFH, Boiler & DG Set

4. Noise At all sources(DG set, Boiler, TFH, Production Utilities/machineries, Pumps, Compressors etc.) and at deferent areas (Production area, Storage area, transportation area, Administrative area, security area, utility house, ETP etc) within premises

5. Greenbelt/Vegetation Cover Greenbelt Area at Boundary & Garden




6. Soil At Two locations: from storage & greenbelt area,

In case of accidental spillage/leak , soil of the affected area from various spots & depth

5.2.2. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PARAMETERS & SCHEDULE

The monitoring parameters and frequency of monitoring shall be as following:

Table 5.2: Environmental Monitoring Parameters & Schedule

S. No. Item Parameters Frequency& Responsible Party

1. Ambient Air

quality

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOX, HCl,VOCs* Monthly By External Lab

2. Stationary

Emission from

Stack

Utility emission: PM, SO2, NOX,

Process emission: HCl

Monthly By External Lab

3. Work Place

Monitoring

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOX, HCl, VOCs*,

PCl3, POCl3, Phosphine, Light

&NoiseTemperature, Humidity,

Quarterly By External Lab.

&Monthly - In house by EHS

Exe.e/Sr. Chemist

4. Water pH, EC, Turbidity, TDS, Calcium,

Magnesium, Total Hardness, Total

Alkalinity, , DO, COD, BOD Chlorides,

Sulphates, Phosphate, Ammonia,

Nitrite, Nitrate, Phenolic Compound,

Cadmium, Lead, Zinc, Barium

Daily through in-house lab.by Sr.

Chemist and Quarterly By External

Lab.

5. Noise Equivalent Noise Level - dB (A)

(At least 1 hr. continuous)

Weekly – In House by EHS Exe.

And Quarterly By External Lab.

6. Soil pH, EC, Moisture, Organic matter,

Phenolic Compound, N, P, K, SO4-2, Cl-,

Ca+2, Mg+2 & Na+, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ba

Quarterly by External Lab.&

Monthly – In House by EHS Exe

7. Greenbelt Number of plantation (Units), Number

of Survived Plants/Trees, Number of

Poor Plant/Trees

Throughout Year at regular

interval: In Houseby EHS Executive

& other EMC members

8. Annual

Environmental

Audit

As per Direction of Honorary High

Court, Gujarat (if applicable) or as per

provisions of ISO Standards or

Voluntary

Yearly(In-house by MD,

Environment Manager & other

EMC members; External only If

required by statutory &ISO

provision through Approved Lab)

9. Employee As per statutory provision Yearly through Approved Medical



S. No. Item Parameters Frequency& Responsible Party

Medical/Health

Checkup

&requirement (the factories Act, 1948

&Gujarat Factories Rules, 1963)

Officer & Doctor as per OHS Plan

Note: *VOCs are to be monitored in terms of Chemicals of Proposed project (i.e. Phenol, Alcohols etc.)

In addition to the above regular monitoring in storage & production area shall be done for

hazardous Chemicals (at least Phenol & Alcohols used in process etc.) of project using

appropriate methods &/or detectors to ensure absence of these chemicals/pollutants in

workplace to prevent poisoning/toxic effects on occupation health. Such monitoring to check

any contamination of workplace shall be done as per statutory requirements; if any. In case of

accidental spill & leak of hazardous chemicals, monitoring of the environment as needed for

detection of the spilled/leaked chemical shall be done in the affected area. In such case, soil

sample & groundwater sample of the affected area as mentioned in earlier section shall be

collected and analyzed for detection of the spilled / leaked chemicals at regular interval for the

period as required to ensure safe level of contamination.

5.2.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING METHODS

Monitoring of environmental samples shall be done as per the guidelines provide by

MoEF/CPCB. The method followed shall be recommended / standard method

approved/recommended by MoEF/CPCB. The list of preferred method of sampling & analysis

of environmental samples is provided in the Annexure-IV of environmental method. For

monitoring of workplace area methods suggested / published by NIOSH or any other

authorities shall be adopted.

5.2.4. REPORT & DOCUMENTATION

The records of the monitoring program shall be kept on regular basis for all aspects of the

monitoring. Separate records for water, wastewater, solid waste, air, emission, soil & manure

shall be prepared and preserved regularly.

Immediately upon the completion of monitoring as per the planned schedule, report shall be

done & necessary documents shall be forwarded to the concern person.

Methodology of monitoring (sampling & analysis) shall be prepared as separate documents as

SOP (standard Operating Procedure) wherever required.

The records showing results/outcome of the monitoring programs shall be prepared as per the

requirement of the schedule mentioned above.

Regularly these documents & records shall be reviewed for necessary improvement of the

monitoring plan/mitigation measures/environmental technologies as well as for necessary

actions of environmental management cell.

Environmental statements &/or performance report/compliance report/audit report as per

conditions of EC and CC&A shall be prepared and submitted to the concern authority as per the

guidelines provided by the authorities within the stipulated timeframe. CC&A and other

statutory permission/consents must be obtained & renewed timely as per legal provision &

guidelines. Similarly, all necessary report & forms shall be prepared and submitted to the

concern authority as per the statutory requirement of Environmental Acts/rules, Factory Act



&MSIHC rules. Reporting of accident & other requirements shall be made in prescribed format

well within stipulated time frame as per statutory requirements & guidelines.

5.2.5. BUDGETARY PROVISIONS

On regular basis, environment management cell shall inspect the necessity & availability of the

materials, technologies, services & maintenance works. The cell shall made appropriate budget

for the purpose. Regular record review for change in financial requirement of environment

management shall be done and appropriate budgetary provisions shall be made. With other

budget, Budget for environmental management shall be prepared and revised regularly up on

requirement. The budget shall include provisions for:

Environmental Monitoring Program

Operation & Maintenance of environmental Technologies/Equipment

Laboratory works for Environmental management activities

Emergency Purchase of necessary material, equipment, tools, services

Greenbelt development

Social & Environmental Welfare & Awareness programs/training

Annual Environmental Audit.

The company has made budgetary provision for the proposed project as a part of their initial

planning of the project. The same is presented below.

Table 5.3: Budgetary Provisions for EMS

Sr.

No. Purpose

Estimated Cost

(Rs. In Lakhs)

A.Capital Cost for EMS

1. Environmental protection measures 25.00

B) Annual Recurring Cost for EMS

1. Environment & Safety Management System 10.50

2. Greenbelt Maintenance (For First Year) 2.00

3. Solid waste Disposal 2.00

4. Enterprise social responsibility expenses* 3.50

Total 13.00

Note: * Budget of ESR is calculated as 5% of capital of proposed project to spend in Five years.


UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-06: Additional Studies (QCI-NABET Accredited) 6-1

CHAPTER: 06 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

6.1. GENERAL

As per the provision of EIA Notification - SO 1533 (as amendedtimely), additional studies are the vital

component of EIA especially when specific additional study is awarded as approved TOR condition by

the concern authority: EAC or SEAC during the scoping for EIA. This section / chapter of additional

studies of EIA report comprises mainly the Risk Assessment, Public Participation and Social Studies for

R&R plan as per the generic structure of EIA report as mentioned in the SO 1533. In case of the present

EIA study for proposed project of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers and Chemicals, Risk Assessment as

additional studies has been given as condition in awarded TOR, which needed to be included in the EIA

study & report. The Risk Assessment Study for the upcoming project has been conducted by Risk

Assessment expert of the EIA team. In addition to the RA, disaster & emergency management plan is

also prepared by expert after necessary modification in the existing plan provided by the proponent.

The public hearing is not required as the proposed project is to be developed in the Notified Industrial

Zone/Estate established before 2006. Similarly, Social Studies for R&R plan is also not conducted for the

proposed project as land acquired for the proposed project is an industrial plot situated in the notified

industrial estate of GIDC-Sarigam and additional land outside of the industrial estate and hence

Rehabilitation & Resettlement is not required.

The details regarding the additional studies have been described below under respective heading with

reference to relevant Annexure of present EIA report.

6.2. PUBLIC CONSULTATION

As per statutory requirements, Public consultation is not applicable to the proposed project as the

project is to be developed in the premises situated in the notified industrial areaof GIDC Sarigamwhich

is established before 2006(Ref. OM dtd. 10/12/2014). Therefore, as prescribed by SEAC in letter of

awarded TOR, Public hearing is not required for the proposed project and hence, public hearing is not

conducted.

6.3. RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT

The Risk Assessment Study for the upcoming project of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers and Chemicals has

been conducted by functional area expert (Risk Assessment & Hazard Management) of EIA Team. The

risk assessment has been carried out with consideration of some probable worst case scenarios like

Fire, explosion and flammable cloud & toxic dispersion. The major hazards are noticed to be associated

with 3 chemicals of the project Phenol, PCl3, POCl3,which can have worst case scenarios of fire &

explosion as well as dispersion of toxic vapor & flammable cloud. As, the proposed project is of

manufacturing of synthetic organic chemicals using some organic chemicals, impacts are likely to occur

due to some other chemical hazards also. Thus with such probabilities & considerations of hazards &

risk, Risk Assessment Study has been carried out by proponent as pre-project conceptual RA study. The

Disaster & Onsite Emergency Management plan has also been prepared as a part of RA study

assignment. Onsite emergency plan has been enclosed herewith the EIA report asAnnexure-XI.



6.3.1 Hazard Identification

Risk assessment process rests on identification of specific hazards, hazardous areas and areas

vulnerable to effects of hazardous situations in facilities involved in processing and storage of

chemicals.

Hazardous posed by particular installation or a particular activity can be broadly classified as fire and

explosive hazards and toxicity hazards. Whether a particular activity is fire and explosive hazardous or

toxicity hazardous primarily depends on the materials handled and their properties. It will be from the

above discussion that study of various materials handled is a prerequisite from any hazard identification

process to be accurate. Dow’s F&EI and Mond’s Toxicity indices, which make use of past experience to

develop relative ranking of hazards, is used for prioritization & determination of probable hazards

associated with the hazardous chemicals of the proposed project. Based on this study the hazard

indices are calculated for subsequent categorization of units depending upon the degree of hazard they

pose.

6.3.2 Identification of Hazardous Area

A study of process for manufacturing of synthetic chemicals as given in project report indicates the

following:

Process plant will be Batch process and multipurpose and multi utility base plant due to that at

a time inventory of raw materials at production area will be very less.

Batch size requirement of raw chemicals will be charged into day tank or reactor. After this, the

valves of supply line will be closed &/or empty drums will be sent back to RM store for

neutralization and disposed off. Thus the inventory of the raw material in process area will be

limited and for limited time.

Drums will be stored in drum storage area as per statutory requirements. Maximum one

month’s requirement of raw material inventory will be kept in drum storage area.

List of hazardous chemicals identified as per the MSIHC Applicability is provided in 6.2.

Some highly hazardous (flammable) chemicals will be stored in isolated tank farm area as per

statutory requirements. The tank farm area will be provided with fire hydrant & other safety

measures like efficient grounding, dyke wall etc.

All pumps & motor will be flameproof to prevent incidence of fire & explosion

Gas skid area is isolated near main gate with all required safety measures as per statutory

requirements & fire hydrant system.

Considering the above Tank Farm Area, Gas Skid Area, RM Storage area for Drum storage are identified

as main hazardous area related with hazardous materials storage, handling & transfers.

Following are the list of raw materials along with max. storage quantity, mode of storage &

transportation and source of supply.

Table 6.1: Details of raw materials of proposed project

Sr. No.

Name of Chemical Physical state

Max. Storage Quantity

(MT)

Mode of storage

Source of Supply

Mode of Transpor

t

1. Phenol Liquid 70.00 Tank Indigenous By road

2. PCl3 Liquid 16.00 Tank Indigenous By road

3. POCl3 Liquid 16.00 Tank Indigenous By road

4. 2-Ethyl Hexanol Liquid 20.00 Drum/Tank Indigenous By road



5. Butanol Liquid 5.00 Drum/Barrel Indigenous By road

6. Cresol Liquid 16.00 Drum/Tank Indigenous By road

7. Tri Phenyl Phosphite Liquid 30.00 Tank Indigenous By road

8. Stearyl alcohol Solid 5.00 HDPE Bag Indigenous By road

9. Di propylene Glycol Liquid 5.00 Drum/Barrel Indigenous By road

10. Bisphenol Solid 5.00 HDPE Bag Indigenous By road

11. Nonyl Phenol Liquid 20.00 Tank Indigenous By road

12. Pentaerythritol Solid 5.00 HDPE Bag Indigenous By road

13. 2,4 di-tert-butyl phenol Solid 5.00 Drum Indigenous By road

14. 2,4 di-tert-amyl phenol Liquid 5.00 Drum/Barrel Indigenous By road

15. Isodecyl alcohol Liquid 20.00 Drum/ tank Indigenous By road

Table 6.2: Identification of Hazardous Raw Materials as per MSIHC Rules (2000)

As the applicability of MSIHC rules as amended in 2000 are to be verified, raw materials are described

below for necessary regulatory requirement like threshold limit of storage at any time of operation

phase as well as applicability of relevant act & rules. 15 raw materials will be required for manufacturing

of the proposed organic products. The materials may fall under the definition of hazardous

material/chemicals either due to flammability or toxicity and even some chemicals are namely covered

in MSIHC rules as hazardous materials. The details of schedule I are referred for identification of

hazardous materials of the project. Total 6 raw materials out of 15 RawMaterials are identified as

hazardous as per MSIHC Rules, as amended in 2000. The summarized details of applicability of MSIHC

Rules along with the hazardous raw materials as per MSIHC Rules, as amended in 2000 are listed above

in tabular form.

6.3.3 Failure Frequencies

Hazardous material release scenarios can be broadly divided into 2 categories

I) catastrophic failures which are of low frequency and

II) Ruptures and leaks which are of relatively high frequency.

Releases from failure of gaskets, seal, rupture in pipelines and vessels fall in the second category

whereas catastrophic failure of vessels and full bore rupture of pipelines etc. fall into the first category.

Name Chemical Classification MSIHC Applicability

Phenol Toxic (Class 6.1) Sh-I,Part-II,481

Phosphorous Trichloride ( PCl3) Toxic, Flammable, Corrosive (Class 6.1) Sh-I,Part-II,506

POCl3 Toxic, Flammable, Corrosive (Class 8) Sh-I,Part-II,504

2-Ethyl Hexanol Flammble,Irritant(Class 3)) Sh-I,Part-II,254

Butanol flammable Sh-I,Part-I

Cresol Flammble Sh-I,Part-I

High Speed Diesel Flamable Sh-I, Part-I



Table 6.3: Typical failure frequencies

Item Mode of failure Failure frequencies

Atmospheric storage

Catastrophic failure Significant leak

10-9 /yr 10-5 /yr

Process Pipelines

< = 50 mm dia Full bore rupture Significant leak

8.8 x 10-7 /m.yr 8.8 x 10-6 /m.yr

> 50 mm <=150mm dia Full bore rupture Significant leak

2.6 x 10-7 /m.yr 5.3 x 10-6 /m.yr

< 150 mm dia Full bore rupture Significant leak

8.8 x 10-8 /m.yr 2.6 x 10-6 /m.yr

Hoses Rupture 3.5 x 10-2 /m.yr

Table 6.4: Failure Rates for Pressure Storage/Transfer



6.3.4CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS & CONTROL MEASURES

6.3.4.1 Consequence Analysis of PCl3

INPUT DATA

Chemical Data:

Chemical Name PCl3 Stored Quantity: 16 MT

Molecular Weight:

Specific Gravity:

137.33 g/mol

0.945 at 20°C

(liquid)

Ambient Boiling Point:

Ambient Flash Point:

76°C

129°F O.C. 111°F C.C.

Ambient Saturation

Concentration:

158,557 ppm or

15.9%

Vapour Pressure

0.16atm

Flammability Limits LEL: 13000 ppm

UEL: 94000 ppm

Toxicity Data: IDLH: 25 ppm

Storage Data:

Tank Diameter: 2.1 meters

Tank Length: 3.18 meters

Tank Volume: 11.00 cubic meters

Tank contains liquid

Internal Temperature: 25° C

Chemical Mass in Tank: 16 tons

Tank is 84% full

Atmospheric Data:

Wind: 3 meters/second from NE at 3 meters

Ground Roughness: urban or forest

Cloud Cover: 5 tenths

Air Temperature: 25° C Stability Class: D

No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 50%

OUTCOME OF SCENARIO MODELS (As Instantaneous Source) (PCl3)

1. Toxic dispersion of chemical escaping from tank (not burning)(Leak from hole in Vertical

cylindrical tank through 1 cm hole)

Toxicity limits Distance (m) Effect of Toxic Dispersion

25 ppm = IDLH 68 meters Life-threatening health effects or death.

SOURCE STRENGTH: Opening is 0 meters from tank bottom

Ground Type: Default soil Ground Temperature: equal to ambient

Max Puddle Diameter: UnknownRelease Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour

Max Average Sustained Release Rate: 4.26 kilograms/min (averaged over a minute or more)

Total Amount Released: 181 kilograms

Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed an evaporating puddle.

The puddle spread to a diameter of 4.5 meters.



THREAT ZONE:

Model Run: Gaussian

Red : 68 meters --- (25 ppm = IDLH)

OUTCOME OF SCENARIO MODELS (As Continuous Source) (PCl3)

2. Toxic dispersion of chemical escaping from tank (not burning)(Leak from hole in Vertical

cylindrical tank through 1 cm hole)



SOURCE STRENGTH:

Direct Source: 0.266 tons/min Source Height: 0

Release Duration: 60 minutes

Release Rate: 241 kilograms/min

Total Amount Released: 14,479 kilograms

THREAT ZONE:

Model Run: Heavy Gas

Red : 1.1 kilometers --- (25 ppm = IDLH)

6.3.4.2 Consequence Analysis of Hydrogen Chloride

INPUT DATA

Chemical Data:

Chemical Name HCl

Molecular Weight:

36.46 g/mol



-85°C

--

Ambient Saturation

Concentration:

1,000,000 ppm or

100.0%

Vapour Pressure

>1atm

Flammability Limits -- Toxicity Data: IDLH: 50 ppm

Atmospheric Data:

Wind: 3 meters/second from NE at 3 meters

Ground Roughness: urban or forest

Cloud Cover: 5 tenths Air Temperature: 25° C Stability Class: D

No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 50%



OUTCOME OF SCENARIO MODELS (Hydrogen Chloride)

1. Toxic dispersion of chemical escaping from tank (not burning)(Leak from hole in horizontal cylindrical tank through 1 cm hole)



SOURCE STRENGTH:

Evaporating Puddle

Puddle Area: 10 square meters Puddle Mass: 16 tons

Ground Type: Default soil Ground Temperature: 25° C

Initial Puddle Temperature: -85° CRelease Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour

Max Average Sustained Release Rate: 82.2 kilograms/min(averaged over a minute or more)

Total Amount Released: 1,245 kilograms

THREAT ZONE: Model Run: Heavy Gas Red : 812 meters --- (50 ppm = IDLH)

6.3.4.3 Consequence Analysis of POCl3

INPUT DATA

Chemical Data:

Chemical Name POCl3 Stored Quantity: 10KL

Molecular Weight:

153.33 g/mol



105.5°C

--

Ambient Saturation

Concentration:

42,828 ppm or

4.28%

Vapour Pressure

0.043atm

Flammability Limits -- Toxicity Data: AEGL-1 (60 min): N/A

AEGL-2 (60 min): N/A

AEGL-3 (60 min): 0.85 ppm



Storage Details: Tank Diameter: 2.00 m Tank Length: 3.18 m Tank Volume: 10 cubic meters Tank contains liquid Internal Temperature: 25° C Chemical Mass in Tank: 16 tons Tank is 87% full

Atmospheric Data: Wind: 3 meters/second from NE at 3 meters Ground Roughness: urban or forest Cloud Cover: 5 tenths Air Temperature: 25° C Stability Class: D No Inversion Height Relative Humidity: 50%

OUTCOME OF SCENARIO MODELS (POCl3) (As Instantaneous Source)



0.3 mg/liter 80 meters Life-threatening health effects or death.

SOURCE STRENGTH: Circular Opening Diameter: 1 inches Opening is 0 meters from tank bottom Ground Type: Default soil Ground Temperature: equal to ambient Max Puddle Diameter: Unknown Release Duration: ALOHA limited the duration to 1 hour Max Average Sustained Release Rate: 15.8 kilograms/min (averaged over a minute or more) Total Amount Released: 568 kilograms Note: The chemical escaped as a liquid and formed an evaporating puddle. The puddle spread to a diameter of 15.0 meters.

THREAT ZONE:

Model Run: Gaussian

Red : 80 meters --- (0.3 mg/liter)

OUTCOME OF SCENARIO MODELS (POCl3) (As Continuous Source)



0.3 mg/liter 680 meters Life-threatening health effects or death.



SOURCE STRENGTH: Direct Source: 0.267 tons/min Source Height: 0 Release Duration: 60 minutes Release Rate: 242 kilograms/min Total Amount Released: 14,533 kilograms

THREAT ZONE: Model Run: Heavy Gas

Red : 680 meters --- (0.3 mg/liter)

6.3.5 Emergency Response Guideline

6.3.5.1 Emergency Response Guidelines for Phenol

Identification:

Substance: Phenol

Protective Equipment/Clothing

When working with phenol, workers should be provided with and required to use protective clothing, gloves, face shields, splash -proof safety goggles and other appropriate protective clothing necessary to prevent any possibility of skin or eye contact with solid or liquid phenol or liquids containing phenol.

Cloropel, PVC (excellent resistance) or butyl rubber (good resistance) are recommended chemical suit materials for protection against phenol.

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

Respirator Recommendations: Up to 50 ppm: (Assigned protection factor = 10) Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with a dust and mist filter/(Assigned protection factor = 10) Any supplied-air respirator.



Respirator Recommendations: Up to 125 ppm: (Assigned protection factor = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode/(Assigned protection factor = 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with a dust and mist filter.

Respirator Recommendations: Up to 250 ppm: (Assigned protection factor = 50) Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with a high-efficiency particulate filter/(Assigned protection factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister having a high-efficiency particulate filter/(Assigned protection factor = 50) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with a high-efficiency particulate filter/(Assigned protection factor = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece/(Assigned protection factor = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece.

Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (Assigned protection factor = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode/(Assigned protection factor = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus.

Respirator Recommendations: Escape: (Assigned protection factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister having a high-efficiency particulate filter/Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus.

NFPA Hazard Classification Health: 4 (Extreme) Materials that, on very short exposure, could cause death or major residual injury, including those that are too dangerous to be approached without specialized protective equipment. A few whiffs of the vapor or gas can cause death, or contact with the vapor or liquid may be fatal, if it penetrates the fire fighter's normal protective gear. The normal full protective clothing and breathing apparatus available to the typical fire fighter will not provide adequate protection against inhalation or skin contact with these materials. Flammability: 2 (Moderate) This degree includes materials that must be moderately heated before ignition will occur and includes Class II and IIIA combustible liquids and solids and semi-solids that readily give off ignitable vapors. Water spray may be used to extinguish fires in these materials because the materials can be cooled below their flash points. Instability: 0 (Minimal) This degree includes materials that are normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and that do not react with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used.

DOT Emergency Guidelines

GUIDE 153 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)

POTENTIAL HAZARDS HEALTH · TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. · Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. · Avoid any skin contact. · Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. · Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. · Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.



FIRE OR EXPLOSION · Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. · When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. · Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. · Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. · Containers may explode when heated. · Runoff may pollute waterways. · Substance may be transported in a molten form.

PUBLIC SAFETY · CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. · As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. · Keep unauthorized personnel away. · Stay upwind. · Keep out of low areas. · Ventilate enclosed areas.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). · Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. · Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

EVACUATION Spill · See Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for highlighted materials. For non-highlighted materials, increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown under "PUBLIC SAFETY". Fire · If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE Fire Small Fire · Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. Large Fire · Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. · Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. · Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads · Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. · Do not get water inside containers. · Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. · Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. · ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. SPILL OR LEAK · ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). · Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective



clothing. · Stop leak if you can do it without risk. · Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. · Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. · Do not get water inside containers.

FIRST AID · Move victim to fresh air. · Call 108 or emergency medical service. · Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. · Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. · In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. · Keep victim warm and quiet. · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

Fire Potential

May be ignited by electrostatic discharge. Phenol and its solutions are flammable.

Fire Fighting Procedure If material on fire or involved in fire: Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Keep run off-water out of sewers and water sources. /Phenol, solid/ If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water as flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. /Phenol, molten/ To fight fire, use alcohol foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical.

Cleanup Methods Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal. Approach release from upwind. Phenolic cmpd in wastewater are oxidized with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by Fe+3-Fe+2. When the wt ratio of PhOH:H2O2 is 1:3 and iron 5-100 ppm, more than 95% of the phenols are removed in 30 min from a 500 ppm phenol soln at pH 5-6 and 25-50 deg C. Spills must be disposed of immediately by properly protected personnel; no other person should remain in the area. Flush with flooding quantities of water, then use caustic soda soln for neutralization. Remove all ignition sources and evacuate the area. Ventliate the area. Cover spilled solid phenol with dry lime or soda ash. Contain molten phenol with sand or earth and allow solidification. Absorb a phenol solution in earth or sand. Remove to a safe place to hold it for disposal.



Prevent molten phenol or a solution of phenol from entering sewers, water courses, or soil. Ensure personal protection.

Disposal Methods: Incineration is the recommended method of disposal. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner or scrubber. Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U188, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste. Waste liquor containing 50,000 ppm was adjusted to give effluent containing 1 ppm then treated with activated sludge to give final effluent containing 0.07 ppm, 10% of which was recycled to conditioning tank. Chemical Treatability of Phenol; Concentration Process: Reverse Osmosis; Chemical Classification: Phenol; Scale of Study: Batch Flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Pure; Results of Study: -5.7% reduction w/CA membrane; 76.5% reduction w/C-PE1 membrane. Chemical Treatability of Phenol; Concentration Process: Reverse Osmosis; Chemical Classification: Phenol; Scale of Study: Pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic; Results of Study: In excess of 90% separation at pH 8-10 with optimum at pH 9 at flux rate of about 70 gpd/sq ft. Results indicate that hyperfiltration (reverse osmosis) produced higher reduction and flux rates than ultrafiltration. Increasing pressure improves rejection with little effect on flux rate. Concentration had little effect on either rejection or flux rate. Chemical Treatability of Phenol; Concentration Process: Biological Treatment; Chemical Classification: Phenol; Scale of Study: Pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Ultrafiltration; Results of Study: Its maximum rejection was 75% at pH 10; rejection increased as pH increased. Ionic state of solute rather than membrane material controlled rejection rate. Increased temp resulted in increased flux rate but rejection rate was only slightly affected. Solute rejection was not affected by length of operation. Chemical Treatability of Phenol; Concentration Process: Activated carbon; Chemical Classification: Phenol; Scale of Study: Batch Flow, Laboratory Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Pure; Results of Study: 100% reduction; 6% desorbed from carbon by elutriation with solvent. Chemical Treatability of Phenol; Concentration Process: Activated Carbon; Chemical Classification: Phenol; Scale of Study: Isotherm test; Type of Wastewater Used: Pure; Results of Study: For pH= 3.0 Carbon capacity= 85 mg/g K= 12, 1/n= 0.38, r= 0.92; pt for pH= 7.0 Carbon capacity= 80 mg/g, K= 13, 1/n= 0.77, r= 0.91, For pH= 9.0 carbon capacity= 70 mg/g, K= 22, 1/n= 0.49, r= 0.94. Chemical Treatability of Phenol; Concentration Process: Activated Carbon; Chemical Classification: Phenol; Scale of Study: Continuous flow, Pilot Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Hazardous material; Results of Study: 100% reduction with 8.5 min contact time. A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 deg C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids.A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 deg C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. The use of a microdispersion of air in water for in situ treatment of hazardous organic wastes was described. An air microdispersion consisting of 60 to 65% air bubbles, 25 to 50 microns in diameter, in water, referred to as colloidal gas aphrons, was tested for stability and its ability to biodegrade phenol. The most important method, equally applied by refineries and petrochemical plants, is the biodegradation of phenol (activated sludge basins, aeration ponds, trickling filters). With this a 65-99% degradation of phenol is attained. A further decrease (80-90%) of the phenol content is obtained by treatment with ozone or activated charcoal.

Medical Treatment Overview:

ORAL EXPOSURE A. DILUTION - May enhance absorption of phenol, and should be avoided.



B. EMESIS: Ipecac-induced emesis is not recommended because of the potential for CNS depression and seizures.

C. ACTIVATED CHARCOAL - May limit systemic toxicity if administered soon after ingestion, but may interfere with endoscopic evaluation of gastrointestinal burns.

D. ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: Administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12 years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.

E. SEIZURES: Administer a benzodiazepine IV; DIAZEPAM (ADULT: 5 to 10 mg, repeat every 10 to 15 min as needed. CHILD: 0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg, repeat every 5 min as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT: 2 to 4 mg; CHILD: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg).

1. Consider phenobarbital or propofol if seizures recur after diazepam 30 mg (adults) or 10 mg (children > 5 years).

2. Monitor for hypotension, dysrhythmias, respiratory depression, and need for endotracheal intubation. Evaluate for hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances, hypoxia.

F. MONITOR ECG, and kidney and liver function tests. G. VENTRICULAR DYSRHYTHMIAS/SUMMARY: Institute continuous cardiac monitoring, obtain

an ECG, and administer oxygen. Evaluate for hypoxia, acidosis, and electrolyte disorders. Lidocaine and amiodarone are generally first line agents for stable monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, particularly in patients with underlying impaired cardiac function. Amiodarone should be used with caution if a substance that prolongs the QT interval and/or causes torsades de pointes is involved in the overdose. Unstable rhythms require immediate cardioversion.

H. METHEMOGLOBINEMIA: Administer 1 to 2 mg/kg of 1% methylene blue slowly IV in symptomatic patients. Additional doses may be required.

I) HYPOTENSION: Infuse 10 to 20 mL/kg isotonic fluid. If hypotension persists, administer dopamine (5 to 20 mcg/kg/min) or norepinephrine (ADULT: begin infusion at 0.5 to 1 mcg/min; CHILD: begin infusion at 0.1 mcg/kg/min); titrate to desired response.

INHALATION EXPOSURE A. INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or

difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with inhaled beta2 agonist and oral or parenteral corticosteroids.

B. ACUTE LUNG INJURY: Maintain ventilation and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial blood gas or pulse oximetry monitoring. Early use of PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.

EYE EXPOSURE

A) DECONTAMINATION: Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

OVERVIEW

1. Remove phenol with undiluted polyethylene glycol 300 to 400 or isopropyl alcohol prior to washing, if readily available. Wash exposed areas twice or for at least 10 minutes with large quantities of SOAPY water. Water alone may be harmful. A physician may need to examine the exposed area if irritation or pain persist after the area is washed

Evacuation: Spill See Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for highlighted materials. For non-highlighted materials, increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown under "PUBLIC SAFETY".



Fire if tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

6.3.5.2 Emergency Response Guidelines for PCl3

Identification:

Substance: Phosphorus Trichloride

CAS RN: 7719-12-2

Protective Equipment/Clothing

Wear special protective clothing and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

Respiratory protection (supplied-air respirator with full facepiece or self-contained breathing apparatus) should be available where these compounds are manufactured or used and should be worn in case of emergency and overexposure. /Phosphorus compounds/



Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possbility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.

Respirator Recommendations: Up to 10 ppm: (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece./(Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece.

Respirator Recommendations: Up to 25 ppm: (Assigned Protection Factor = 2000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.



Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (Assigned Protection Factor = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode./(Assigned Protection Factor = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus.

Respirator Recommendatons: Escape: (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted canister providing protection against the compound of concern. Only nonoxidizablesorbenets allowed (not charcoal). /Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus.

Protective gloves, Face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

NFPA Hazard Classification

Health: 4 (Extreme)

Materials that, on very short exposure, could cause death or major residual injury, including those that are too dangerous to be approached without specialized protective equipment. A few whiffs of the vapor or gas can cause death, or contact with the vapor or liquid may be fatal, if it penetrates the fire fighter's normal protective gear. The normal full protective clothing and breathing apparatus available to the typical fire fighter will not provide adequate protection against inhalation or skin contact with these materials.

Flammability: 0 (Minimal)

This degree includes any material that will not burn under typical fire conditions.

Instability: 2 (Moderate)

Materials that can undergo violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures. This also includes materials that may react violently with water or that may form potentially explosive mixtures with water. In advanced or massive fires involving these materials, fire fighting should be done from a safe distance or from a protected location.

Special: Water Reactive

Unusual reactivity with water; do not use water in either fire fighting or spill control response.

DOT Emergency Guidelines

ERG2012 GUIDE 137 SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE

POTENTIAL HAZARDS HEALTH · CORROSIVE and/or TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. · Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. · Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. · Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. · Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

FIRE OR EXPLOSION · EXCEPT FOR ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (UN1715), THAT IS FLAMMABLE, some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily. · May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). · Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and



runoff. · Flammable/toxic gases may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.). · Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. · Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water. · Substance may be transported in a molten form.

PUBLIC SAFETY · CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. · As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. · Keep unauthorized personnel away. · Stay upwind. · Keep out of low areas. · Ventilate enclosed areas.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). · Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. · Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

EVACUATION Spill · See Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for highlighted materials. For non-highlighted materials, increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown under "PUBLIC SAFETY". Fire · If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE Fire · When material is not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself. Small Fire · Dry chemical or CO2. · Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Large Fire · Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply: knock down vapors only. Fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads · Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. · Do not get water inside containers. · Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. · ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. SPILL OR LEAK · Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. · Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. · Stop leak if you can do it without risk. · Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container.



· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material. Small Spill · Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. · Use clean non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. · Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

FIRST AID · Move victim to fresh air. · Call 108 or emergency medical service. · Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. · Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. · In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. · Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance. · Keep victim warm and quiet. · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

Fire Potential

Reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid, which reacts with most metals to form flammable hydrogen gas. Phosphorus trichloride is strongly corrosive and may set fire to combustible material /eg fibrous organic matter (wood, etc). Not combustible, but if involved in a fire decomposes to produce hydrogen chloride, phosphoric acid, phosphine. Not combustible. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion

Fire Fighting Procedure Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame - consider evacuation of one-third (1/3) mile radius. If material on fire or involved in fire: Use dry chemical, dry sand, or carbon dioxide. Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantites of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use water spray to knock down acid vapors. NO hydrous agents. NO water

Cleanup Methods Environmental considerations: water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaCO3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutant and precipitates. Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7). Environmental considerations: air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment. Environmental considerations: land spill: Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.



Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Releases may require isolation or evacuation. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors and protect personnel. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. The spillage should be absorbed in dry sand or in an inert absorbent material and shovelled into sealable polyethylene-lined containers for disposal.

Disposal Methods:

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Spillage should be handled only by an operator wearing full protective clothing and full-face mask/positive-pressure breathing apparatus. Absorbed spillage and residues should be buried in an approved landfill, away from water sources.

Medical Treatment Overview:

ORAL EXPOSURE A. Do NOT induce emesis. B. DILUTION: Immediately dilute with 4 to 8 ounces (120 to 240 mL) of water or milk (not to

exceed 4 ounces/120 mL in a child). C. Observe patients with ingestion carefully for the possible development of esophageal or

gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns. If signs or symptoms of esophageal irritation or burns are present, consider endoscopy to determine the extent of injury.



B. If bronchospasm and wheezing occur, consider treatment with inhaled sympathomimetic agents.

C. ACUTE LUNG INJURY: Maintain ventilation and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial blood gas or pulse oximetry monitoring. Early use of PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.

EYE EXPOSURE

A. DECONTAMINATION: Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

OVERVIEW

1. DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists.

2. Treat dermal irritation or burns with standard topical therapy. Patients developing dermal hypersensitivity reactions may require treatment with systemic or topical corticosteroids or antihistamines.

Evacuation: (Protective Distance on MAP)



6.3.5.3 Emergency Response Guidelines for POCl3

Identification: WATER-REACTIVE – CORROSIVE TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns, or death When not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself. Molecular Formula:Cl3-O-P Molecular Weight:153.33

Protective equipment/clothing Personal resp protection.Necessary, incl canister-type gas masks for lower levels of contamination & otherwise, self-contained breathing apparatus.Safety goggles & protective clothing. Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen. Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite. Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely cold or rapidly evaporating. Respirator Recommendations: Up to 3 ppm: (Assigned Protection Factor = 10) Any supplied-air respirator. Respirator Recommendations: Up to 7.5 ppm: (Assigned Protection Factor = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode. Respirator Recommendations: Up to 15 ppm: (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted canister providing protection against the compound of concern.(Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece./(Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece. Respirator Recommendations: Up to 50 ppm: (Assigned Protection Factor = 1000) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (Assigned Protection Factor = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode./(Assigned



Protection Factor = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus. Escape: (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted canister providing protection against the compound of concern/Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus

NFPA hazard classification Health: 4 (Extreme) Materials that, on very short exposure, could cause death or major residual injury, including those that are too dangerous to be approached without specialized protective equipment. A few whiffs of the vapor or gas can cause death, or contact with the vapor or liquid may be fatal, if it penetrates the fire fighter's normal protective gear. The normal full protective clothing and breathing apparatus available to the typical fire fighter will not provide adequate protection against inhalation or skin contact with these materials. Flammability: 0 (Minimal) This degree includes any material that will not burn under typical fire conditions. Instability: 2 (Moderate) Materials that can undergo violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures. This also includes materials that may react violently with water or that may form potentially explosive mixtures with water. In advanced or massive fires involving these materials, fire fighting should be done from a safe distance or from a protected location. Special: Water Reactive Unusual reactivity with water; do not use water in either fire fighting or spill control response.

DOT emergency guidelines GUIDE 137

SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE

POTENTIAL HAZARDS

HEALTH

· CORROSIVE and/or TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or

substance may cause severe injury, burns or death.

· Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

· Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in

the air.

· Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.

· Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

FIRE OR EXPLOSION

· EXCEPT FOR ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (UN1715), THAT IS FLAMMABLE, some of these materials may

burn, but none ignite readily.

· May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.).

· Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and

runoff.

· Flammable/toxic gases may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars,

etc.).

· Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.

· Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.



· Substance may be transported in a molten form.

PUBLIC SAFETY

· CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not

available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50

meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind.

· Keep out of low areas.

· Ventilate enclosed areas.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may

provide little or no thermal protection.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is

not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

EVACUATION

Spill

· See Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for highlighted materials. For non-

highlighted materials, increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance

shown under "PUBLIC SAFETY".

Fire

· If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all

directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Fire

· When material is not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

· Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.

Large Fire

· Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If

insufficient water supply: knock down vapors only.

Fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of

tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.



SPILL OR LEAK

· Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective

clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside

container.

· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet

to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic

containers for later disposal.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

FIRST AID

· Move victim to fresh air.

· Call 108 or emergency medical service.

· Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.

· Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial

respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper

respiratory medical device.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least

20 minutes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance.

· Keep victim warm and quiet.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to

protect themselves.

Fire potential Products of its reaction with water rapidly corrode steel & most metals with formation of flammable hydrogen gas

Fire fighting procedure Use appropriate extinguishing agents on nearby combustible fires. Use water spray to knock down acid vapors. This chemical reacts violently with moisture producing hydrochloric and phosphoric acids. Poisonous gases including chlorides and phosphorus oxides are produced in fire. Do not use water unless used in flooding quantities to control a large fire by wetting down combustibles burning in vicinity of this material. Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or dry sand; do not use water on material itself. Use water spray to absorb vapors and cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from a s far a distance as possible. Avoid breathing



vapors; keep upwind. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Wear boots, protective gloves, and goggles. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. If contact with the material is anticipated, wear full protective clothing. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions. ...From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position

Clean up method Releases may require isolation or evacuation. Use water spray to cool & disperse vapors & protect personnel. Keep material out of water sources and sewers; build dikes to contain flow as necessary; use water spray to knock down vapors; do not use water on material itself; and neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. For a land spell, dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material; dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete; absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder; neutralize with agricultural lime (slaked lime), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. For a water spill, neutralize with agricultural lime (slaked lime), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate; use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates; adjust pH to neutral (pH 7). For air spills apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors; vapor knock down water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment. Stop leak if you can do so without risk. Do not touch spilled material. Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material. Clean up only under supervision of an expert. Keep this chemical out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters water ways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters

Medical treatment overview

ORAL EXPOSURE A. EMESIS should be avoided. B. DILUTION: Immediately dilute with 4 to 8 ounces (120 to 240 mL) of water or milk (not to

exceed 4 ounces/120 mL in a child). C. Observe carefully for signs of esophageal or gastrointestinal irritation. D. See ACIDS MANAGEMENT for further information.



B. Administer 100% supplemental oxygen with assisted ventilation as required. C. Inhaled sympathomimetic bronchodilators are useful for wheezing. D. ACUTE LUNG INJURY: Maintain ventilation and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent

arterial blood gas or pulse oximetry monitoring. Early use of PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.

EYE EXPOSURE A. DECONTAMINATION: Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature

water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

A. OVERVIEW




Protective distance MAP

6.3.5.4 Emergency Response Guidelines for Butanol

Chemical identification FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious) • HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Easily ignited by heat, sparks, flames Property summary Molecular Formula: C4-H10-O Molecular Weight: 74.12 Density Specific Gravity:0.8098 @ 20 deg C/4 deg C Vapor Density: 2.6 (Air= 1) Vapor Pressure: 7.0 mm Hg @ 25 deg C Flash Point: 98 deg F, 37 deg C (closed cup) Closed cup flash point: 28.89 degrees C Melting Point: -89.8 deg C Boiling Point: 117.7 deg C Autoignition Temperature: 650 deg F (343 deg C) Viscosity: 36.1 cP at -50.9 deg C; 5.186 cP at 0 deg C; 2.544 cP at 25 deg C; 0.533 cP at 100 deg C Protective Equipments: Employees should be provided with and required to use impervious clothing, gloves, face shields (eight-inch minimum), and other appropriate protective clothing necessary to prevent repeated or prolonged skin contact with liquid butyl alcohol.

Breakthough times are less (usually significantly less) than one hour as reported by two or more testers, for natural rubber.

For neoprene, nitrile rubber, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the breakthrough times are greater than one hr as reported by two or more testers.

Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles.



If the use of respirators is necessary, the only respirators permitted are those that have been approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (formerly Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration), or by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

Some data (usually from immersion tests) suggesting breakthrough times greater than one hour are not likely for polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). No data for butyl rubber (butyl), neoprene/styrene butadiene rubber(neo./SBR), polyethylene (PE), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), polyethane (PU), styrene-butadiene (SBR) and viton.



NFPA Identification Health: 2 (Moderate) Materials that, on intense or continued (but not chronic) exposure, could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury, including those requiring the use of respiratory protective equipment that has an independent air supply. These materials are hazardous to health, but areas may be entered freely if personnel are provided with full-face mask self-contained breathing apparatus that provides complete eye protection. Flammability: 3 (Serious) This degree includes Class IB and IC flammable liquids and materials that can be easily ignited under almost all normal temperature conditions. Water may be ineffective in controlling or extinguishing fires in such materials. Instability: 0 (Minimal) This degree includes materials that are normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and that do not react with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used. GUIDE 129 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar / Water-Miscible / Noxious)

POTENTIAL HAZARDS FIRE OR EXPLOSION · HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. · Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. · Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. · Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). · Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. · Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. · Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. · Containers may explode when heated. · Many liquids are lighter than water.

HEALTH · May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. · Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. · Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. · Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. · Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.



PUBLIC SAFETY · CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. · As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. · Keep unauthorized personnel away. · Stay upwind. · Keep out of low areas. · Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). · Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

EVACUATION Large Spill · Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). Fire · If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE Fire CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. Small Fire · Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. · Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane. Large Fire · Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. · Do not use straight streams. · Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads · Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. · Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. · Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. · ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. · For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. SPILL OR LEAK · ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). · All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. · Do not touch or walk through spilled material. · Stop leak if you can do it without risk. · Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. · A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. · Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. · Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. Large Spill · Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. · Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.



FIRST AID · Move victim to fresh air. · Call 108 or emergency medical service. · Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. · In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. · Wash skin with soap and water. · In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. · Keep victim warm and quiet. · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

Protective distance: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. EVACUATION Large Spill · Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). Fire · If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

6.3.5.5 Emergency Response Guidelines for Cresol

Chemical identification SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible) TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death Protective Equipments and Clothing The nose and mouth should be protected with a respirator or folded gauze, and the eyes with tight-fitting goggles. Protective clothing, including rubber (not cotton) gloves, should be worn. Clothing should be removed immediately if contaminated by spillage. All clothing worn during one spraying operation should be laundered before re-use.

The use of respirators to achieve compliance with the recommended exposure limits is permitted only: (a) during the time necessary to install or test the required engineering controls, and (b) during



emergencies or during nonroutine operations, such as maintenance or repair activities, when the concentration of airborne cresol may exceed the permissible environmental limit.

In the factory it is necessary to take precautions in handling cresol. Rubber clothes & articles can give effective protection.


Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact

NFPA identification Health: 3 (Serious) Materials that, on short exposure, could cause serious temporary or residual injury, including those requiring protection from all bodily contact. Fire fighters may enter the area only if they are protected from all contact with the material. Full protective clothing, including self-contained breathing apparatus, coat, pants, gloves, boots, and bands around legs, arms, and waist, should be provided. No skin surface should be exposed. Flammability: 2 (Moderate) This degree includes materials that must be moderately heated before ignition will occur and includes Class II and IIIA combustible liquids and solids and semi-solids that readily give off ignitable vapors. Water spray may be used to extinguish fires in these materials because the materials can be cooled below their flash points. Instability: 0 (Minimal) This degree includes materials that are normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and that do not react with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used.

DOT Emergency Guideline GUIDE 153

SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)

POTENTIAL HAZARDS

HEALTH

· TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.

· Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.

· Avoid any skin contact.

· Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.

· Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

· Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

FIRE OR EXPLOSION

· Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily.

· When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers

explosion hazards.

· Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in



a fire.

· Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.

· Containers may explode when heated.

· Runoff may pollute waterways.

· Substance may be transported in a molten form.

PUBLIC SAFETY

· CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not

available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50

meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind.

· Keep out of low areas.

· Ventilate enclosed areas.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may

provide little or no thermal protection.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is

not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

EVACUATION

Spill

· See Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for highlighted materials. For non-

highlighted materials, increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance

shown under "PUBLIC SAFETY".

Fire

· If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all

directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Fire

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

Large Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.

· Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.

· Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.

Fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads



· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.


· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of

tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

SPILL OR LEAK

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective

clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to

containers.


FIRST AID

· Move victim to fresh air.

· Call 108 or emergency medical service.

· Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.

· Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial

respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper

respiratory medical device.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least

20 minutes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· Keep victim warm and quiet.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to

protect themselves.

Evacuation distance and MAP

As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters

(150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

EVACUATION

Spill

Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for highlighted materials. For non-highlighted materials,

increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown under "PUBLIC SAFETY".

Fire

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also,



consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

6.3.5.6 Emergency Response Guidelines for Ethyl hexanol-2

Health hazard data Routes of entry: Inhalation, Ingestion, Skin and Eye Effects of Exposure / Symptoms: Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Skin: Causes mild skin irritation. May be harmful, if absorbed through the skin. Eyes: Causes severe eye irritation. Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive tract Emergency Treatment Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Skin: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. Eyes: If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. May cause irritation of the digestive tract and possible burns. PREVENTIVE MEASURE Personal Protective Equipments: Avoid contact with liquid. Provide air-pack or organic canister, safety goggles. Rubber hand gloves, face mask Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well ventilated area. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames Storage: Store in cool, dry, well ventilated area away from heat or flame Antidotes / Dosages: Information not available



SPILLS Steps to Be Taken: Use absorbent paper to pick up spilled material. Wash the surface with soap and water Waste Disposal Method:Seal all waste in vapor tight plastic bags for eventual disposal 6.3.5.7 Emergency Response Guidelines Diesel

Chemical identification FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible) • HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames • CAUTION: Very low flash point; use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient

NFPA identification

Health: 1 (Slight) Materials that, on exposure, would cause significant irritation, but only minor residual injury, including those requiring the use of an approved air-purifying respirator. These materials are only slightly hazardous to health and only breathing protection is needed. Flammability: 2 (Moderate) This degree includes materials that must be moderately heated before ignition will occur and includes Class II and IIIA combustible liquids and solids and semi-solids that readily give off ignitable vapors. Water spray may be used to extinguish fires in these materials because the materials can be cooled below their flash points. Instability: 0 (Minimal) This degree includes materials that are normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and that do not react with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used.

Treatment overview: ORAL EXPOSURE

A) MANAGEMENT OF MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY o Remove the patient from the source of exposure. When a patient is removed from an

inhalational exposure, the symptoms should quickly resolve. Adolescents may present without symptoms after responsible adults find them abusing hydrocarbons via inhalation. Provide oxygen and symptomatic and supportive care. After assuring that the patient is medically stable, remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed skin with soap and water.

B) MANAGEMENT OF SEVERE TOXICITY o Orotracheal intubation for airway protection should be performed early if a patient

exhibits respiratory distress. Prophylactic antibiotics and steroids are of no proven benefit in hydrocarbon pneumonitis. Animal studies suggest that artificial surfactant via orotracheal tube may be of benefit. Monitor and treat for dysrhythmias.

C) DECONTAMINATION o PREHOSPITAL: GI decontamination is not recommended because of the risk of

aspiration. Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed skin with soap and water.



o HOSPITAL: Studies fail to show if gastric emptying improves outcomes in patients with oral hydrocarbon ingestions. However, if a patient has ingested a large amount of a hydrocarbon that causes significant systemic toxicity shortly prior to presentation, it is reasonable to insert a small NG tube and aspirate gastric contents. Activated charcoal should NOT be used; it does not adsorb hydrocarbons well and increases the likelihood of vomiting and aspiration.

D) AIRWAY MANAGEMENT o 1) Perform early in patients with severe intoxication (coma, dysrhythmias, respiratory

distress). E) ANTIDOTE

o 1) None. F) HYPERTHERMIA

o 1) Consider antipyretics. Evaluate for secondary pneumonia and other infectious causes.

G) COMA o 1) Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Perform orotracheal intubation to protect

airway. Assess oxygenation, evaluate for hypoglycemia, and consider naloxone if coingestants are possible.

H) TACHYCARDIA o 1) Tachycardia may occur from a combination of agitation and catecholamine release.

Treat with IV fluids and benzodiazepine sedation if agitation is prominent. I) DYSRHYTHMIAS

o 1) Initiate ACLS protocols. Some solvents appear to sensitize the myocardium to catecholamines. Epinephrine and other sympathomimetics should be used with caution as ventricular dysrhythmias may be precipitated.

J) RESPIRATORY DISTRESS o 1) Administer oxygen. Intubate early if patient has respiratory symptoms. Consider the

use of a surfactant. Endotracheal instillation of 2 doses of 80 mL/m( o 2) calfactant (35 mg/mL of phospholipid suspension in saline) in infants, children, and

adolescents with acute lung injury resulted in acute improvement in oxygenation and lower mortality in one study.

K) RESPIRATORY FAILURE o 1) Partial liquid ventilation, high frequency jet ventilation, extracorporeal membrane

oxygenation (ECMO) and high frequency chest wall oscillation have all been used with apparent success in cases of severe hydrocarbon pneumonitis.

L) ENHANCED ELIMINATION o 1) Hemodialysis and hemoperfusion are not of value.

M) PATIENT DISPOSITION o 1) HOME CRITERIA: Asymptomatic patients with inadvertent exposures may be

monitored at home, with particular attention to the development of any respiratory symptoms. Patients who develop symptoms during home monitoring should be referred to a medical facility.

o 2) OBSERVATION CRITERIA: Patients with deliberate ingestions and symptomatic patients should be sent to a health care facility for observation for 6 to 8 hours. Although patients can develop a delayed pneumonitis, they are unlikely to do so if they have been completely asymptomatic during that time period.

o 3) ADMISSION CRITERIA: Patients with significant persistent central nervous system toxicity (somnolence, delirium), or respiratory symptoms of cough or tachypnea should be admitted. Patients with coma, dysrhythmias, or respiratory distress should be admitted to an intensive care setting.

o 4) CONSULT CRITERIA: Consult a poison center or medical toxicologist for assistance in managing patients with severe toxicity (dysrhythmias, coma or respiratory distress), or in whom the diagnosis is not clear.



N) PITFALLS o Failure to aggressively manage the airway can result in death. Patients with minimal

respiratory symptoms may progress to severe toxicity over several hours. Patients with altered mentation should be ruled out for intracranial hemorrhage, infection, metabolic disturbance and other toxicologic causes.

O) DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS o Hypoglycemia, central nervous system infection, pulmonary infection, rheumatologic or

endocrine etiology, other sedative poisoning (ethanol/benzodiazepine/barbiturate for example), mental illness.

INHALATION EXPOSURE

A) INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with inhaled beta2 agonist and oral or parenteral corticosteroids.

EYE EXPOSURE

A) DECONTAMINATION: Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

A) OVERVIEW


2. Some chemicals can produce systemic poisoning by absorption through intact skin. Carefully observe patients with dermal exposure for the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.

Evacuation distance and MAP As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. EVACUATION Large Spill Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). Fire If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.



6.3.6 Do’s & Don’ts For Safety Management

Do’s

Always remember the three 'A's of acid handling - Always Add Acid to water or base slowly.

Do remember the following :

o Acid handling requires the use of latex gloves

o Solvent and chemicals in miscellaneous category require the use of polythene gloves

o Check the gloves for any pin-holes prior to use

o Wash your hands before eating, even if gloves were used while handling the chemical

Always treat any liquid in chemical area as acid because few acids like HF may look and feel like

water.

All spills and leakage should be cleaned up immediately.

Safety equipment such as fire extinguishers, Eye wash basin and safety showers shall be kept clean

and readily accessible.

Required safety equipment like plastic sleeves, aprons, rubbers, boots, safety glasses, fume hoods,

fume shields etc. shall be used even while handling small quantities or hazardous chemicals.

Demarcate separate areas for storing acids, base, solvents, wet chemicals, dry chemicals etc.

Working alone shall be avoided when handling dangerous chemicals.

Before draining any chemical in the central drain, ensure the compatibility of the chemical with the

material of which the drain is made of and other chemicals normally flowing through that drain.

Always rinse empty bottles of chemicals before disposing them of in the well-designated areas.

Don’ts

Do not mix acids with solvents or flammables. A violent reaction may occur pour solvents down the

sink.

Do not drain.

Do not dip your hand into a chemical even when wearing gloves.

Do not inter-change the caps/lid. Put the same cap/lid back on the making sure that it is tight.

Do not store chemicals near heat source.



Do not store chemical containers (empty or full) at a height more than three feet above floor level.

Do not store acids and solvents together.

Do not wait to see whether the chemical you spill over you gives burn or not. Rinse the affected

areas for 15-20 minutes and then report to a doctor. Also alert others so that they can help you in

rinsing the chemical off you and in cleaning up the spill.

Do not take hazardous chemicals if you are under the influence of Alcohol/drug etc. or are feeling

sleepy.

Don't come in direct contact with hazardous chemicals while in use/working.

6.4. SOCIAL STUDY AND R & R ACTION PLAN

As mentioned in earlier section & chapters, the proposed project is to setup in the industrial plot

situated in a notified industrial estate. Hence, issue of displacement of any population or diversion of

any agricultural or forest land is not arising for the proposed project. Therefore, no further social

study for R&R plan has been conducted as no R&R actions are required.


UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-07: Project benefits (QCI-NABET Accredited) 7-1

CHAPTER: 07 PROJECT BENIFITS

7.1. IMPROVEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURES

The company – Sandhya Plasticizers and Chemicals has planned to establish its unit at Sarigam

for manufacturing of Plastic and Paint Additives, Organic Phosphates, Plastic stabilizers and

stearates & two by-products (HCl & Phenol). The project requires to obtain EC and the present

study has been carried out for the same. The project benefits will be significant in terms of

benefit to the local socio-economic status as well as economic conditions of state & country.

The proposed site is well linked with national highway and is situated in close proximity of the

Industrial estate of GIDC Sarigam having all required infrastructures. Therefore infrastructural

development because of proposed project will not be major but improvement in public

infrastructure due to CSR is anticipated.

7.2. EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

There will be a good opportunity of direct & indirect employment generation due to proposed

project; about 50 persons will be employed with priority given to local people. Thus, the

activities of proposed will require considerable manpower which will be beneficial to

employment structure of local area as maximum recruitments will be done from local area.

Also, the proposed project will generate many other indirect employment opportunities

through the service sectors like contractual works, transportation, suppliers, maintenance &

operations etc. Thus the potential of employment will be considerably beneficial to the local

people & area.

7.3. OTHER TANGIBLE & INTANGIBLE BENEFITS

As mentioned earlier sections, the proposed project is to setup for production of synthetic

organic chemicals which are the materials of good market potentials. Hence, company will

have good share in state’s & country’s economic status. The products have also good demand

in foreign market and company is looking forward to explore the possibilities of export to many

foreign countries. Upon successful achievement of export by company, the proposed project

will result in benefit to the country in form of foreign revenue, duties etc. Also the

development of industrial in vacant plot of a notified industrial estate will significantly

beneficial to the local industrial development.


UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-08: Environmental management plan (QCI-NABET Accredited) 8-1

CHAPTER: 08

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1. GENERAL

M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers and Chemicals has proposed to establish a new unit of manufacturing

of synthetic organic chemicals in the industrial plot situated in a notified industrial estate of

GIDC Sarigam of Gujarat. The company has realized necessity to setup the production facilities

to full fill the market requirement of high and specific quality of the Plastic and Paint Additives,

Organic Phosphates, Plastic stabilizers and stearates and have noted that with excellent quality

of the products they can compete with other manufacturers in the market. The proposed

project being a synthetic organic chemical manufacturing unit located inside of notified

industrial area situated out of 5 km from interstate boundary falls under category, 5(f) –

“Synthetics Organic Chemicals”-“B1” as per the applicability of general conditions given in SO

1533. In line with the provisions of SO 1533, company has conducted the EIA study through the

NABET accredited consultant –Unistar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd., Vapi with

respect to the awarded TOR as described in earlier chapter.

With due considerations of requirements cited by EIA team to prevent &/or control/minimize

the probable impacts in line with the present EIA study, Environmental Management Plan for

the proposed project has been prepared as a part of the EIA report as per the requirement

cited SO 1533. All the team members, after the impacts assessment study, have cited the

necessary mitigation for the probable impacts after further study of details of the proposed

project and necessary references for citing adequate & efficient EMP to eliminate / minimize or

prevent the likely impacts of the proposed project. The detailed descriptions of the formulated

EMP, as finalized by the FAEs under guidance of coordinator have been presented in the

present chapter under subsequent section with respective heading.

8.1.1. SOURCE & SIGNIFICANCE OF CONSIDERED IMPACTS

As studied during the present EIA study many impacts would likely to occur during operation

phase of the project. The impacts of the construction phase would not be major to consider for

formulation of EMP as the site is situated in a notified industrial area and the construction

work required is not major. Considering this, the present EMP has been prepared in

consideration of the impacts of operation phase of the proposed project. The impacts as

described in earlier chapter and summarized below are considered for formulation of the

present EMP.

(i) Air Quality

Sources of Impact

Sources of impact on air quality are emission from equipment/utility (Boiler, TFH and

DG Set) requires combustion of fuels-Bagasse.

Transportation, storage & handling of hazardous raw materials having potential to be



airborne resulting in fugitive emission

Emission from process vessels

Major hazards associated with hazardous raw materials & products

Significant Impacts

Emission from utilities – Boiler & Thermopack using bagasse may not have any major

issue of pollution as bagasse is considered as green fuel however emission of PM due to

combustion of bagasse is anticipated as major source of impacts on air quality

Emission from DG set using Diesel/HSD may not have any significant considerable

impacts on ambient air of project area as DG sets will be used for short tenure only

during failure of power supply from grid

Fugitive emission from storage & production area may result in increase in PM10 / PM2.5,

VOCs as well asPOCl3& PCl3 level in ambient air of project area & Workplace air

HCl vapour/gas released from reactor may have serious impacts on ambient air quality

of workplace area as well as nearby area.

The hazardous material entered in to the environment during any major

disaster/accident may have serious threat on ambient air quality of the area of the

incident

(ii) Water Environment

Sources of Impact

Use of water for industrial operations of the project and domestic use

Sewage & effluent generation & disposal

Spill/leakofhazardous wastes

Spill/leak/unmanaged disposal of hazardous materials

Failure in bulk storage tanks

Significant Impact

Drawl of groundwater is not proposed hence any impact on groundwater is not

anticipated.

Total water requirement of the proposed project will be met through pipeline of GIDC

water supply department –Sarigam, which is an adequate source; hence issue of

impacts of water usage on water environment will be minor

Industrial effluent treated in in-house ETP will be disposed off through underground

drainage of GIDC going to CETP hence issue of major impacts due to disposal of effluent

is not envisaged

Sewage if disposed off without adequate treatment can result in contamination of

water resources especially, pathogens, organics and nutrients like phosphate & nitrate

etc. However such probability is low as the sewage will be treated & disposed off

through Septic Tanks and Soak pit.

Groundwater resource contamination may also occur due to unmanaged /haphazard

disposal of solid/hazardous waste as well as spill/leak of hazardous materials/chemicals

as an eventual impact due to soil contamination.



In case of failure in storage tanks of hazardous chemicals, serious impacts on

groundwater resources is anticipated in terms of toxic contamination of groundwater

(iii) Contamination of land

Sources of impact

Spill & leak ofhazardous materials including raw materials, products&wastesduring

transport, handling, storage activities

Disposal of untreated/poorly effluent on land

Spill of oil & fuel during maintenance of equipment, machineries & vehicles

Improper Disposal /Haphazard dumping of wastes

Seepage & percolation of leachate from raw materials, fuel & waste storage areas

Contaminated runoff from site and contaminated drain from storage areas mixing with

soil

Significant Impacts

Toxic contamination of soil as a result of leaks or spills of hazardous materials during

transport, handling, storage activities as well as during major catastrophic incident

Land contamination due to temporary fuel /oil spill / leak not managed properly during

maintenance activities.

Land contamination due to the disposal of untreated / poorly effluent on land

Improper storage and dumping of solid and hazardous wastes may cause serious

contamination of top soil of the area.

(iv) Noise and Vibration

Sources of Impact

Operation of equipment & utilities like DG set, TFH & Boiler as well as Operation of

pumps & compressors & blowers etc. are identified as sources of impact due to noise

and vibration.

Transportation activities scheduled for material transport may also have impact on

environment due to noise generation.

Significant Impacts on Environment

Annoyance & disturbance to noise sensitive receptors (i.e. individuals in work area) is

anticipated as impact due to noise & vibration generation from the operation of the

proposed project.

Major impacts of noise on surrounding area are not anticipated as the probable impacts

will be restricted within source area (up to 50-100mt).

The probable impacts of noise will occur only in the production and storage area of the

proposed project.

(v) Flora and Fauna

Sources of Impact

No major source of impacts on ecology is anticipated; however the identified probable

sources are as below:

o Emission from utilities& process

o Noise from utilities, machineries & equipment



o Creation of greenbelt (beneficial impacts)

o Spill/leak of hazardous materials from during handling, storage and

transportation

o Hazard occurred in hazardous materials storage and transportation vehicle

Significant Impacts

The uncontrolled noise generation might result in disturbance & annoyance to

surrounding avi-fauna and fauna.

There may be minor impacts on flora and fauna due to emission but will not be

hazardous or threatening to life as the pollutant level will be negligible and the AAQ of

the area will remain always below the prescribed norms of ambient air quality.

Significant impacts on flora & fauna may occur due to Spill/leak of hazardous materials

and due to hazardous incident and accidental spillage occurred during

transportation,handling and storage activities.

Greenbelt will be developed in about 1512.30 m2area which will create good habitat for

fauna.

(VI)Occupational & Public Health & safety

Sources of Impact

Storage & Handling operations of hazardous materials & fuel

Effects of pollutant in workplace environment mainly (Toxic VOCs, Phenol, POCl3, PCl3,

PM10 & PM2.5)

High Noise generation in Production, Boiler, TFH & DG set areas

Ergonomic issues & heavy works

Maximum credible hazards like toxic dispersion, fire & explosion occurred during

handling, storage and transportation of hazardous materials.

Catastrophic destructions &damages due to major disaster & accident like fire &

explosion, earthquake, Flood etc.

Significant Impacts

Operational hazards associated with the transport-storage-handling of hazardous

materials as well as worst case scenariooftoxic dispersion, fire & explosion in hazardous

material storage area can have serious impact on occupational and public health and

safety.

Incidence like fall, slip, trip, fire, non-ergonomic condition of works, contamination of

air due to materials and road accidents may result in issues related with health &

safety.

Continuous high noise leading to hearing impairment.

Lifting/handling of heavy goods as well as other ergonomic issues may lead to MSD

problems.

Contamination of workplace environment by particulates, POCl3, PCl3& VOCs from

materials & process can result in serious toxic effects on Occupational health & safety.

Casualty and other risks associated with catastrophic & major disasters



(vii) Socioeconomic & demographic conditions

Sources of Impact

Major accidental incident occurred in handling, storage and transportation of

Hazardous material.

Release of hazardous materials during transportation of raw materials, products& fuels

High Noise generation from industrial activities.

Improvement in business prospects of the area

Direct & indirect recruitment of workforce for proposed project

CSR activities of proposed project

Significant Impacts on Environment

Major hazards & catastrophic accident occur in hazardous material storage area can

have serious damage & effects on social factors like fatality, health effect, damage to

public infrastructures, etc.

The hazardous materials entered in to the environment may have serious effects on

public health as well as social factors of the region

Significant employment opportunity in terms of direct & indirect employment and

business growth for local communities.

Improvement in socio-economic conditions of area can result due to direct & indirect

employment through the proposed project.

Disturbance due to transportation as well as noise of vehicles & construction activity

may result in some social impacts like disturbance in sleep, headache, hearing issues.

CSR activities carried out by the proponent for social welfare & upliftmentof the project

area will be considerably beneficial to the local area.

8.1.2. OBJECTIVE & SCOPE OF EMP

The present Environmental Management Plan is prepared with the main objective of enlisting all the

requirements to ensure effective mitigation of adverse impacts for all the components of the proposed

project. The objectives taken into account in preparation of EMP are summarized here as follows:

a) The prevention, control and abatement of pollution, i.e. air pollution, water pollution, hazardous/

non-hazardous wastes and noise pollution,

b) To comply with the stipulated techno-legal requirements and standards related with environmental

management & protection,

c) To direct the steps to be followed, for effective maintenance and regulation of environmental

management system,

d) To ensure the better and safe work environment through pre-meditated planning of prevention and

control of hazards,

e) To direct the investments towards sustainable development by considering the cost of effluent

treatment, emission control, waste disposal, social development, green belt development and

health & safety in the planning stage only,

f) To account for recycling and reusing measures, proposed or required to be adopted for

minimization of consumption of resources and generation of pollutants.



As the proposed project is a new unit, the present EMP has been prepared to meet the requirements of

pollution control from proposed project as an integrated environment management plan. The present

EMP may not suitable & feasible for any other upcoming activities other than those mentioned in

earlier chapter for the proposed project. Hence, the scope of the present EMP does not contain any

environment management plan for activities not considered in the present EIA report. Also the scope

the present EMP is limited to the sources of impacts as well as type of impacts considered and mention

above. The EMP does not cover scope of management of hazardous substance as it forms the key part

of RA Report prepared separately.

8.2. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

The company shall formulate the environment management cell after inception of activities of

proposed project and after completion of necessary employments. With vision to improve the efficiency

of EMC and to operate the planned EMP requirements as suggested in the present chapter,

Environmental Management Cell has to be formed for efficient & easy operation of environment

management system & operations that of. The illustrative presentation of the suggestive EMC is

presented below in Fig- 8.1.

As indicated in organogram, MP (Managing Partner) of the company will lead the EMS as head of the

Environmental Management Cell. MP (Managing Partner) will be assisted by GM-works for day to day

activities of EMC. GM-workswill authorize one employee from HR dept as PRO/welfare officer. GM-

workswill appoint one practicing Doctor (preferably MD) fromoutside as medical officer. GM-works will

guide the subordinate staff members- Environment Manager, Medical Officer & PRO/ Welfare officer

for necessary action plan & activities of environmental management plan. PRO will look after the

operation related with government offices, public and other stakeholders for necessary operation

including statutory proceedings. The technical operations including environmental monitoring and

efficient operations & maintenance of pollution control equipment/machineries etc. The Lab incharge

will look after the operations of in-house monitoring & analysis of environmental samples. Approved

environmental laboratory/consultant will also be appointed for the operations related with third party

environmental monitoring, environmental audit (as & when required) and other techno-legal

environmental services. The plant & shift incharge will look after the plant / department level

operations including ETP operation, APCD Operation, Process and Utility operations to ensure that all

instructions & action plans issued by superior authorities are efficiently followed & implemented to

prevent environmental pollution & operational hazards. Primarily the Environment manager will be

responsible for all technical non-conformities of EMS and he/she is responsible to prepare necessary

documents & report for day to day compliance to stipulated EMS, CC&A Conditions as well as other

statutory & voluntary requirements.

All necessary standard operating procedures for technical matters of EMS will be prepared by

Environment Manager whereas the standard operating procedures administrative operation will be

prepared by PRO. The standard operating procedures will be prepared well before the inception of

operation phase of the project and the GM-works will check these SOPs. After necessary corrections,

GM will forward these SOP to MP (Managing Partner) for approval and approved SOP will be controlled

by responsible personnel. The approved copy of these SOP will be issued to concern personnel for day

to day operations.

Up on citation of any non-conformities/non-compliance in EMS and related operations, he/she will

immediately report to the GM-works with necessary report/document. The GM-works then will call up



a meeting on urgent basis and will issue an action plan to close the non-compliance/non-conformity. If

the issue of non-conformities/non-compliance is cited to be serious or major GM-works will consult MD

of the company and according to the instruction of MP (Managing Partner) further action plan will be

issued by GM-works to all members of EMC. The environment manager by help of other personnel of

EMC and company will start operation to resolve the issue of non-conformities/non-compliance and

he/she will regularly update the GM-works for the current status. Similarly GM-works will give

instruction to PRO for necessary actions required to be initiated at administrative level including

necessary proceeding with other organisation, govt. offices & public etc. All official declaration about

the non-conformities will be made by MP (Managing Partner). Such declaration can also be made by

GM-works after authorisation by MP (Managing Partner). Whenever required information or report of

non-conformities will be submitted or issued to govt. offices or public by PRO in line with the necessary

instructions given by GM-works.

Figure8.1: Environment Management Cell

8.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

As described in above section, the operation stage will give rise to some minor negative

impacts on environment, which would not be significant to cause any serious threat.

MP (Managing Partner)

GENERAL MANAGER

Approved

Consultant

, Lab &

Auditor

Shift Incharge

Lab Incharge

Safety Officer

Foreman/ Plant

Incharge

Helpers

Operators

Helpers

Chemist

MEDICAL OFFICER

ENVIRONMENT MANAGER

HR MANAGER/ PRO



Considering the above description of major identified impacts & significance of the impacts,

almost all structural measures are already planned by the proponent to prevent / minimize the

impacts on environment. With all necessary details, the following are the management plan

designed for operation phase to ensure elimination / minimization of probable impacts of

proposed project.

8.3.1. Air Pollution Sources & Control

Construction Phase

Structural Measure:

Enclosed storage area adequately designed for reduction of particulate emission from construction site and materials storage & handling.

Dust suppression by Water Sprinkling system in construction area.

Prevent particulate emission from construction works by applying wet-Curtain /tarpaulin barrier around the construction site.

Non-structural Measure:

Prevention of dusting by sprinkling of water on earthen road, stock piles of excavated earthen materials /soil shall be done on regular basis.

Practice of properly designed method of transportation, storage & handling of materials shall be established and maintained along with necessary facilities to reduce airborne particle of materials.

Ensuring PUC certificate of all vehicles engaged in construction work.

Proper maintenance of all construction equipment, machineries & utilities on regular basis to reduces emission.

Engines of idle machineries, equipment, vehicles to be turned off when not in use.

Provision of structural measures shall be ensured prior tocommissioning of plant.

Stack Monitoring shall be done during the commissioning phase on regular basis to prevent high emission from utility.

Proper functioning of ID fans & allied utilities shall be ensured before the commissioning of plant.

Provision of necessary PPEs for employees engaged in activities of storage, transportation & handling of materials as well as construction & commissioning operations

Operation Phase

Structural Measure:

Bag Filter and Stack of adequate height & internal diameter(Ht.-15 Mt., Dia-200 mm) are to be provided for efficient dispersion of emission from proposed Boiler & TFH

Stack of adequate height & internal diameter(Ht.-15 Mt., Dia-200 mm) are to be provided for efficient dispersion of emission from proposed DG set

Sampling port & monitoring point shall be provided for all stacks

Provision of FD/ ID fan with utilities/ stack if/as required to maintain desired velocity of exit gas

Provision of scrubber as an integrated part of process equipment for scrubbing of process emission - HCl and stack of adequate height and internal diameter (Ht.-11 Mt., Dia-150 mm).



Adequately designed hazardous materials storage tanks made up of suitable MOC for reduction of chances of major hazards in materials storage area

Adequately designed storage area with efficient air change ratio, handling & transport facilities shall be provided for fuel, raw materials & products

Adequately designed enclosed materials handling & transfer system for reduction of hazardous materials emission

Provision of preventive maintenance facilities for Stacks, Utilities, Storage area/vessels, pipelines etc.

Safety valve on reactors and Safety arrangements, facilities & equipment to prevent accidental emissions

Internal roads shall be constructed from concrete/ asphalt for prevention of dust during vehicular movement

Adequate greenbelt coverage, in & around the plant shall be developed in minimum 30% of total land area of project site

Low emission vehicles shall be used for transportation

Non-structural Measure:

Adequate air-fuel ratio (AFR) for combustion of bagasse in the Boiler,TFHs shall be ensured throughout operation period .

Adequate air-fuel ratio (AFR) for combustion of HSD/Diesel in the DG set shall be ensured throughout operation period.

Regular checking & maintenance shall be done to ensure efficient operation of bag filters and scrubber to achieve highest performance of removal of pollutants from emissions.

Properly designed method & practices of transportation, storage & handling of materials shall be established and maintained along with necessary facilities to reduce emissions

Proper ventilation with adequate air change ratio shall be ensured in storage area

Closed feeding and sampling practices shall be established & ensured.

SOPs for start-up, shutdown, operation and maintenance procedures for all process equipment/machineries, utilities & associated equipment as well as APCD should be established and maintained.

Adequate set of compatible spares, a copy of drawing and operating procedure as per design specifications should be maintained and made easily available.

Provision of adequate process safety control measures

All valves, pipes, pumps & other equipment shall be checked & maintained on regular basis to prevent leakages

Regular monitoring shall be done as per the Environmental Monitoring Plan & CC&A to check efficiency of air pollution control equipment.

Work place monitoring for Particulates, SOX, NOX, PCl3, POCl3, VOC and other parameters shall be done as per ‘Post project monitoring plan’

Proper implementation of safety procedures and efficient use of safety arrangements, facilities & equipment shall be ensured at all time of operation to prevent accidental release of hazardous materials & fuel as well as to prevent fire hazard.

Provision for necessary PPEs for employee engaged with hazard prone area



Requirement of PUC shall be compulsory for all vehicle engaged in proposed project activities

Checking of PUC certificate for validity & emission level in exhaust of all entering vehicles

All vehicles shall be maintained in well condition by regular preventive maintenance to reduce the exhaust level

Adequate greenbelt coverage in & around the plant premises shall be maintained.

Management Period

Properly designed storage area / tanks & production area, Water Sprinkling system, wet

curtain,Dyke wall for storage tanks shall be provided during construction/installation &

commissioning phase. Similarly before inception of project operation, bag filter and stacks of

adequate height & internal diameter at top shall be provided for Boiler, TFHs & DG sets. Prior

to commissioning of plant, wet scrubber for removal of HCl gas from process emission shall be

provided. The necessary structural maintenance shall be done throughout the extent of

operation phase.

The non-structural actions shall be initiated with inception of commissioning stage to practice

as routine throughout the project life.

Responsible Authority

Structural Measures: Proponent/directors/MD, Project manager, accounting head/manager,

Site Officer & engineers, Contractors

Non-Structural Measures: Proponent/directors/MD, Production manager, accounting

head/manager, Plant in-charge, safety & environment Officer & engineers, Contractors &

operators

8.3.2. Wastewater Generation & Management

Construction Phase

Structural Measure:

Intake facilities for drawl of water from GIDC water supply line and raw water storage facilities

Proper sanitation facilities with septic tank & soak pit for disposal of sewage

Adequate structural facilities like earthen bund for prevention of any kind of contaminated runoff from construction area causing impacts outside premises

Proper drinking water supply facilities for construction personal

Non-Structural Measure:

Total Water requirement for construction phase shall be met only from GIDC Water supply line.

Optimal consumption of water shall be ensured by reducing unusual drawal for construction activity.

Prevention of leak from pipes & Taps/Valves shall be ensured by proper arrangement & maintenance and regular inspection of water supply line.

Use of ready mix concrete to reduce on-site water requirement and wastage of water from preparation of concrete

Ensuring proper utilization of sanitation facilities



Disposal of sewage through septic tank & soak pit only and regular checking & maintenance for prevention of leak & overflow

Regular inspection & management for prevention of any kind of contaminated runoff from construction area

Operation Phase

Structural Measure:

Intake facilities for drawl of water from GIDC water supply line and raw water storage facilities

Adequately designed cooling tower/system to reduce cooling water requirement

Provision of effluent collection line in storage and production area for contaminated waste steam generated due to spill/ leak of hazardous chemicals as well as container/ vessel washing.

Proper arrangement for effluent disposal line connected to GGIDC Underground drainage to CETP

Efficient of ETP having treatment capacity of10 KLD for treatment of industrial effluent.Treatability report of proposed ETP is enclosed as Annexure-VIII.

Proper sanitation facilities with septic tank/ soak pit system for domestic wastewater discharge

Provision of adequate storm water drainage lines


Prevention of leak/spill from pipes, taps/valves etc. to reduce wastage in domestic activities by employees

Regular measurement of water consumption using flow meter shall be done and record of same shall be kept on regular basis.

Regular inspection, control & necessary maintenance for reduction of evaporation loss and blow down from cooling system.

Optimization of COC in cooling system to reduce water consumption.

Provision of properly lined storage area for hazardous materials & wastes to prevent contamination of soil and thereby of groundwater.

Waste stream generated due to spill/ leak of hazardous chemicals as well as container/ vessel washing shall be temporarily stored in guard pond and efficient treatment in ETP prior to discharge shall be ensured.

In case of non treatable waste, effluent/waste generated from spill/ leak shall be sent to CETP or common incineration facility or TSDF for final treatment and disposal.

Continuous attempts to reduce wastewater generation rate and pollutant load in effluent

Adequate operation &maintenance of ETP for efficient treatment of effluent

Regular quality assessment of treated effluent from ETP before disposal

Maintaining records of water consumption, effluent generation, effluent discharge, water characteristics, treated and untreated effluent characteristics.

Maintenance of good housekeeping to avoid contamination of storm water

Management Period

The structural measures like earthen bund, water storage tank, Dyke wall for storage

tanks, Septic tank & soak pits and Full-fledged ETP (10 KLD) shall be provided in



construction phase prior to commissioning of plant operation. The necessary structural

maintenance shall be done throughout the extent of operation phase.

Proper installation of pumps, motors and piping for drawl of ground water shall be

provided well before commissioning to prevent wastage & efficient use of groundwater

The non-structural actions shall be initiated with inception of commissioning stage and

shall be implemented & practiced as routine throughout the project life.


Structural: Proponent/directors/MD, Project manager, accounting head/manager, Site

Officer & engineers, Contractors

Non-Structural: Proponent/directors/MD, Production manager, accounting

head/manager, Plant incharge, safety & environment Officer & engineers, Contractors

& operators

8.3.3. Hazardous & Non-Hazardous Waste Management Construction Phase

Structural Measure:

A designated storage area for each category of waste and excavated earthen material/soil as listed below with sign boards

o Concrete waste storage area near construction area.

o Excavated earthen material/soil piling area near greenbelt area or garden area

o Material stores

o Scrap storage area near material store

Proper handling & transportation system for construction wastes & stock piles of earthen materials


Proper storage of construction & other waste and excavated earthen material/soil in their designated storage area viz.

o Concrete waste near construction area

o Excavated earthen material/soil near greenbelt area or garden area

o Discarded containers/bags in Material stores

o Scrap in scrap storage area near material store

Reuse of construction waste for PCC works, development of roads and misc. filling for construction works.

Sell of empty containers/bags and scrap to scrap dealer

Excavated earthen materials/soil to use in landscaping as well as misc. Filling for construction works

Operation Phase

Structural Measure:

A separate designated storage area having adequate storage capacity shall be provided with sign boards/labels for each category of hazardous & non-hazardous waste

Handling & Transportation system /facilities for hazardous/non-hazardous wastes


Proper storage of hazardous waste in their designated storage area viz.

o ETP sludge in ‘sludge storage area’ within Hazardous waste storage facility

o Used oil in well labelled drums in/near CPP area,



o Process residue in properly labelled container/bags in “Process waste storage area” within Hazardous waste storage facility

o Empty bags/Liners in designated waste storage area for sell to authorised scrap vendors or for return to supplier

o Discarded containers in Raw Material stores,

o Scrap in specified scrap storage area

Records in log book as per the format of Form-3 as per amended Hazardous Waste rules 2008 for waste generation reuse & recycle (including recycling or reuse through sell) and disposal shall be maintained.

Transportation of hazardous waste to the TSDF should be governed as per the guidelines provided in hazardous waste rules as amended timely and transport vehicle should be accompanied with Form-9.

Annual returns of the disposal of wastes in Form- 4 and Form-13 should be submitted regularly to the office of local pollution control authority.

To avoid spillage/leak causing contamination of soil / environment,proper handling, loading & unloading of waste shall be monitored during waste handling, storage & transportation.

Proper handling, loading & unloading of waste shall be monitored during waste handling, storage & transportation to avoid spillage/leak causing contamination of soil / environment

Adequate utilization of non-toxic/non-hazardous wastes and reusable/ recyclable waste;if possible (especially process waste, empty containers & bags and used oil) shall be ensured by promoting recycler or end-users of products derived from such wastes.

Management Period

The structural measures namely properly lined hazardous & Non-hazardous waste

storage area shall be provided in construction phase prior to commissioning of plant

operation. The necessary structural maintenance shall be done throughout the extent

of operation phase.

The non-structural actions shall be initiated with inception of commissioning stage

and shall be implemented & practiced as routine throughout the project life.


Structural: Proponent/directors/MD, Project manager, accounting head/manager,



head/manager, Plant in-charge, safety & environment Officer & engineers,

Contractors & operators

8.3.4. Noise & Vibration Generation & Control

Construction Phase

Structural Measure:

Continuous noise generating & vibrating equipments (like motors, pumps etc.) shall be mounted on sturdy concrete foundations with rubber padding to reduce vibrations.

All rotating equipment or part thereof shall be statically &dynamically balanced and shall be provided with proper non/low vibrating enclosures



Suitable barrier around the construction site wherever/whenever required to reduce noise level outside the project premises

Adequate greenbelt shall be developed to help in attenuation of noise propagation.


To reduce noise generation,regular lubrication & preventive maintenance shall be done.

Ear plugs/muff shall be provided to all construction workers/employees deployed at places of high noise levels

All vehicles shall maintain speed limit inside the premises

Loud horns & unusual acceleration of engine shall be prohibited

Idle vehicles /machineries/equipment not in use shall be turn off.

High noise generating activities shall be restricted during night time. Operation Phase

Structural Measure:

All Noise generating equipment like boiler, TFH, power gensets/engines pump, motors, compressors, blower etc. shall be mounted on sturdy concrete foundations with proper & suitable rubber padding to reduce vibrations & thereby noise generation

Acoustic enclosure shall be provided wherever required & possible.

Acoustic enclosure shall be provided to DG set tocomply noise level standard prescribed by CPCB.

In some specific cases, high noise sources shall be housed in properly designed structure to reduce noise propagation outside the source area

Adequate & suitable silencers shall be provided to safety blow off valves, discharge pipes, relief valves, etc.

Pipe lines shall be liberally sized for low velocities, wherever suitable & possible.

Adequate greenbelt shall be developed and maintained around high noise area as well as plant premises to help in attenuation of noise


Regular lubrication & preventive maintenance shall be done to reduce vibration & noise generation

To reduce vibration and hence noise generation, static & dynamic balancing of all the equipment shall be verified during installation & operation.

Ear plugs/muff shall be provided to workers exposed in area of high noise levels (i.e. CCP area, blower & compressor area etc.)

Exposure of employee to high noise area shall be regulated as per regulatory norms & proper shift time planning. Following standard by OSHA can be utilized for shift time planning.

Duration per day (hours)

Sound level (dBA, slow response)

8 90

6 92

4 95

2 100

1 105

½ 110

0.25 115



All vehicles shall maintain speed limit inside the premises and unusual acceleration of engine & loud horns shall be prohibited.

Periodic monitoring of noise levels as per post-project monitoring plan shall be done on regular basis.

Management Period

The structural measures like foundation & housing, provision of low noise

technology, acoustic enclosures and rubber padding shall be provided before

purchase/installation prior to commissioning of plant operation. The necessary

structural maintenance shall be done throughout the extent of operation phase.









8.3.5. Protection of Ecological Feature

Construction Phase

Structural Measure:

Enclosed storage area for Construction materials to reduce particulate emission

Proper arrangement of material handling & transfer to prevent emissions from construction site

Water Sprinkling system/ facility.

All other necessary structural mitigation measures suggested/planned for control of air & water pollution, reduction of noiseand waste management


Proper & efficient implementation of mitigation measures & EMP suggested for control of Air pollution, Water &wastewater management, reduction of Noise and construction waste management.

Greenbelt development & maintenance within & around periphery as per proposed greenbelt development plan.

Operation Phase Structural Measure:

Enclosed storage area for raw materials & products for reduction of emission from storage operations

Proper arrangement materials handling & transfer to prevent emissions from storage &production area

All necessary structural mitigation measures suggested/planned for control of air pollution, water & wastewater management, reduction of noise as well as waste management

Provision of all structural measures as suggested for reduction & prevention of major hazards in storage of hazardous materials and production area




Regular monitoring of stack for Emission & Ambient air quality, Noise and water & wastewater as per monitoring plan.

Proper & efficient implementation of mitigation measures & EMP suggested for Air, Water & Noise environment and waste management.

Proper & efficient implementation of non-structural preventive/precautionary/control measures as well as procedures suggested for prevention/control of major hazards in the proposed unit.

Maintenance of adequate dense Greenbelt (min. 30% of total land area of project) as per CPCB guideline within premises & around periphery throughout project life.

Management Period

The structural measures like properly designed greenbelt areas, structural measures

for water & wastewater management, hazardous & non-hazardous waste

management and emission control and hazard prevention/control etc. shall be

provided in construction phase prior to commissioning of plant operation. The

necessary structural maintenance shall be done throughout the extent of operation

phase.







head/manager, Plant incharge, safety & environment Officer & engineers,


8.3.6. Hazardous/Non-Hazardous Material Management

Construction Phase

Structural Measure:




Adequate & efficient implementation of Procedures for storage, handling & transfer of hazardous materials

Implementation of safe work procedures to prevent major hazards from happening.

Operation Phase Structural Measure:

Adequately & efficiently designed hazardous materials storage facilities/area as recommended in Risk Assessment Report

Adequate & efficient handling & transfer facilities/arrangements for prevention of major hazards during transfer & handling operationsas recommended in Risk Assessment Report

Provision of all necessary safety equipment, facilities & safety gears & PPEs for control & prevention risk associated with major hazards



Provision of Fire fighting equipment & fire hydrant system as per TAC/NFPA Norms

Automated Fire detection system in storage area as well as plant area. Where automated system is not feasible to install, manual call points for fire location identification

Emergency management equipment & facilitiesas recommended as given in Risk Assessment Report

Provision of Local exhaust in storage area/warehouse & process area to prevent toxic chemical vapour exposure and maintained area below PEL/TLV limits.

Static grounding points at storage, handling and process area as well as for all tanks proposed for storage of chemicals

Fix piping with supports and clamping needs to be provided for raw material charging and minimum flexible hose should be connected for charging chemicals in day tank or reactor

Safety valve provision to be made on reactors.

In general, to prevent amputation of any person’s body part, all machines Nip (like rollers, saw blade, cutter blade, chain, v-belt, etc.) shall be protected with appropriate fix safe guard.


Storage tanks & facilities must be made up of suitable MOC

Proper ventilation with adequate air change ration in godown.

Proper label and identification board /stickers in the storage area

Materials storageshould be done as per the chemical compatibility.

Smoking and other spark, flame generating item shall be banned within the premises.

Identification label and NFPA diamond code sticker on all chemicals drums & bags and tank area.

MSDS to be displayed at storage as well as process and chemical handling area.

Storage of empty drums & bags in separate dedicated empty drum & bag storage area.

Neutralization & decontamination of all empty drums & bags before selling to recyclers

Tank farm area should be well maintained and must be situated away from process area and safe distances to be maintain as per statutory requirements.

Company should meet provisions of the Manufacture, storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules- 1986, the factories Act- 1948, Gujarat Factory Rules and The Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules- 1996 (As amended timely).

All environmental regulations shall be complied all the time without failure

Static grounding provision needs to be provided to all process vessels and equipment.

Caution note board for all hazardous chemicals shall be displayed.

Periodic On Site Emergency, Mock Drills should be conducted, in order to train the staff and make them mentally prepared to tackle any emergency.

Emergency management equipment &facilities including fire extinguishers/hydrant system should be maintained in a tip top condition round the clock.

Safety devices and control instruments should be calibrated once in a year.

Proper colouring as per IS 2379 should be done in plant to pipeline network, tank and equipment to protect it from corrosion.

Preventive maintenance schedule should be prepared for all the equipment and colour code or tagging should be provided.



Permit to work system should be implemented on 100 % basis for hazardous work to be carried out in the plant.

Training should be made compulsoryto all new employees about safety measuresbefore starting duties in plant.

Management Period

The structural measures like properly designed greenbelt areas, structural measures

for water & wastewater management, hazardous & non-hazardous waste

management and emission control and hazard prevention/control etc. shall be

provided in construction phase prior to commissioning of plant operation. The


phase.









8.3.7. Occupational Health and Safety

Construction Phase

Structural Measure:



All necessary PPEs, Safety Gear & facilities for construction works

Provision of Safe scaffolding

Medical Facilities to cope up with hazards associated with construction works


Adequate & efficient implementation of Procedures for storage, handling & transfer of construction materials

Adequate & efficient implementation of Procedures for construction works

Adequate & efficient implementation of Procedures for working on height

Prevention of water spillage on ground to prevent chances of slip & trip

Implementation of safe work procedures to prevent major hazards

Operation Phase

Structural Measure:

Provision of all necessary structural measures for control & prevention risk associated with major hazards as suggested in section of hazardous materials management and Risk assessment reports

Provision of in-house medical facilities including medical centre, first aid box and other medical facilities



Mechanical handling system & arrangement wherever possible to avoid manual handling & so to avoid issues of MSD. Wherever, automatic system is not possible, adequate manual handling facilities like trolley & Crain to reduce the stress of pulling -pushing and lifting to prevent or minimize the chances of issues related with MSDs.

Provision of In-house Occupational Health Centre (OHC) should be made.

Artificial Respiration system/devices

Provision of ergonomic design of all facilities wherever possible (e.g. chairs, tables, working platforms, self and position & height of display screens & panel etc.) to prevent or minimize the chances of issues related with MSDs


Safety of employee during operation of production units / equipment shall be ensured in line with the provisions of the Factory Act & MSIHC Rules.

The company should meet provisions of the Manufacture, storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules- 1986, the factories Act- 1948, Gujarat Factory Rules and The Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules- 1996 (As amended timely) throughout the life of proposed project.

To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to chemicals, dust, heat, noise and other operational hazards; sufficient measures shall be provided in the unit.

Isolation of drinking water & refreshment area including canteen etc. from the area of hazardous materials storage & handling

Edibles & potablesshould be strict prohibition in the area of hazardous materials storage & handling.

Match box, lighters, clothes having potential of static charges as well as smoking in plant & storage area should be strict prohibition.

Provision of aprons & other suitable work-apparels, gloves, goggles, safety shoes and other required PPEs for the employees engaged in hazardous areas & operations as well as working with hazardous materials.

Provision of decontamination facilities including bath area with adequate resources like soap, shampoo & showers.

Proper shift planning of workers exposed to hazard prone areas to manage the total exposure level as per stipulated standards & / or statutory norms

The process emission shall not be emitted in the workplace & such process emission shall be controlled through scrubber attached to process reactor to prevent toxic condition due to HCl in work place.

Company shall train a group of employee for comprehensive first-aid and basic first-aid training to all employees shall be imparted at regular intervals.

Occupational Health Centre (OHC) shall be headed by full time qualified EHS officer and an appointed doctor. The Occupational Health Centre (OHC) shall be well equipped with necessary facilities and conducting major OHS activities as per mandatory recommendation. Immediate medical treatment by OHC shall be ensured in case of any emergency.

Life-saving medicines shall be available within OHC which includes antidote kits (as required) containing necessary antidote drugs/medicine for severe poisoning of any hazardous chemicals.



The medical histories of all employees shall be maintained in the prescribed format. Thereafter, the employees shall be subjected to medical examination on annual basis.

The health status of workers in the unit shall be regularly monitored under an occupational surveillance program as practice of OHS program.

Medical checkup shall be done considering the requirement for all chemicals of the proposed project and suggestion in RA for such checkup programs shall be followed.

A well-equipped ambulance with all emergency medical facilities shall be available with driver, round-the-clock.

Management shall ensure to provide all necessary PPEs, safety equipment/materials to ensure healthy & safe work conditions.

Regular inspection for the safety procedures and use of PPEs & Safety equipment/material shall be done by the management/safety officer.

Workplace monitoring shall be carried out on regular basis. Necessary records & documents for such monitoring shall be maintained by the proponent on regular basis.

Necessary safety documents, protocol/SOPs, guidelines along with MSDS (if & where required) shall be provided to the associated/concerned personnel engaged in respective operational activities.

Necessary training programs & audit shall be done on regular basis to prevent impacts of the operational activities on human health as well as to improve workplace condition & safe work system.

The proponent shall ensure implementation of emergency management system with provision of firefighting equipment/facilities, first aid & medical facilities, evacuation procedures etc. Proponent shall ensure proper implementation & functioning as well as assess effectiveness of this system on regular basis even after the proposed project.

Risk assessment study shall be carried out and recommended safety measures/safety & disaster management plan shall be implemented to ensure safe work condition as well as healthy workplace condition in all project operation areas/units.

Regular audit for EHS System shall be done.

Management Period

The structural measures like properly lined storage areas with necessary firefighting

system wherever required, pollution control & prevention technologies etc. shall be

provided in construction phase prior to commissioning of plant operationand their


phase.







head/manager, Plant incharge, safety & environment Officer & engineers,




8.4. Other Important EMP

8.4.1. Cleaner Production Action

8.4.1.1. Resource Recovery, Reuse/ Recycle & Conservation

The company will sincerely make efforts to recover the resources for recycling & reuse.

It will regularly try to keep resource utilization at level of minimum required for

operations. In line with these, the following are the action plan suggested for the

resource recovery, reuse/recycling and conservation.

The company will adopt phenol recovery for reuse/recycling. The phenol recovery

by distillation process at stage of product recovery will be an integral part of

manufacturing process. Such details are illustrated in earlier chapter under

description of manufacturing process.

The company will recover gaseous HCl in waste gas from process as 30% HCl

byproduct. For the recovery of the HCl company has proposed wet scrubber

attached to the Glass lined reactors of manufacturing process such asTri cresyl

Phosphate, tri-phenyl phosphate,TrisNonyl phenol phosphite, Organic phosphites,

etc.

The company will adopt practice of reuse of wastewater/blowdown from boiler &

cooling for HCl recovery using wet scrubber. The blowdown water from boiler &

cooling will be directly sent to the scrubber as scrubbing media. As this wastewater

will not have any toxic materials/pollutant, it will be acceptable for recovery of HCl

as 30% HCl solution, which is the by-product.

Company will practice in-direct recycling &/or reuse the used oil discarded

containers/drums through authorized re-conditioner & recyclers as per statutory

requirement &CPCB guidelines.

8.4.1.2. Energy conservation

The company will sincerely make efforts to implement energy conservation programs. It

will implement many actions to realize efficient energy conservation, such as:

Company shall manage efficiently the utilization of energy resources, upgrade

operational practice and employ more energy efficient technologies.

Company shall train and educate employees in areas of energy conservation.

Company shall carry regular internal and external audits to identify areas for

improvement and benchmark continuously performance against the best.

Company shall share and enrich experience on energy conservation with other units

and own group companies.

Company shall promote awareness among all employees.

The company shall be fully committed towards energy conservation. It is highly

recommended that company shall have Energy Conservation cell headed by senior

personnel and the duties of the Energy Conservation Cell shall be as following:



o Periodic monitoring of unit/plant/department wise energy consumption.

o Planning of corrective actions for deviations.

o Carry out internal energy audits & field study on need basis.

o Preparing annual energy activity plan

o Benchmarking for energy performance.

o Arrange training program for energy efficiency.

8.4.2. Greenbelt Development

The greenbelt will be created in open land to develop greenbelt in around 1512.30 m2 (30.01 %

area of total land) area of total land of project. The plantation for proposed greenbelt will be

started in the Monsoon 2014.

Guidelines for Greenbelt Development

Company shall ensure healthy & dens greenbelt throughout the project life

Company shall ensure greenbelt development & maintenance in minimum 300 Sq. Mt. at

any time.

Company shall follow CPCB guidelines for development & maintenance of greenbelt area

Company shall ensure regular irrigation & fertilization of greenbelt area as required timely

Company shall ensure replantation in greenbelt area depending upon the survival rate of

planted vegetation to maintain greenbelt in minimum 30% (1512 sq. mt. area) of the total

area of proposed premises

Company shall plant trees with density of about 1500 trees per hectare in the greenbelt

area

Indigenous species with fast growth are only selected or form the base of selection as

Green Belt can come in view as fast as possible.

Company shall plant local species of trees & shrub for greenbelt development

The tress shall be planted in three tiers pattern so as to ensure that the entire area gets

covered and ensure effective pollution abatement. For this, management shall ensure that

plantation of trees shall include mixture of lower, higher and middle canopy structure,

which shall be mixed appropriately / proportionately / uniformly.

The plantation shall also include fruit bearing trees/ species which shall be uniformly

distributed which shall act as dwelling place for Varity of birds and other fauna and form a

breeding ground for them.

Company can select species as following list

Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name Family No. of Plants

Tree

1 Azadirachtaindica Neem Meliaceae 50

2 Mangiferaindica Mango Anacardiaceae 10

3 SaracaIndica Ashoka Fabaceae 5

4 Delonixregia Gulmohar Fabaceae 30

5 Dalbergialatifolia Shisham Fabaceae 10



Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name Family No. of Plants

6 Syzygiumcumini Jambu Myrtaceae 5

7 Ficusbengalensis Banayan tree Moraceae 5

8 PongamiaPinnata Karanja Fabaceae 10

9 Polyalthialongifolia Mast Tree/Asopalav

Annonaceae 100

10 Achrassapota Chiku Sapotaceae 10

Shrub

1 Acalyphagodseffiana Acalypha Euphorbiaceae 15

2 Durantaerecta Daranta Gold Verbenaceae 10

3 Galphimiagracilis

Sheena's Gold

Galphinia Malpighiaceae 10

4 Ixorabrachiata Ixora Rubiaceae 30

5 Thujakoraiensis Thuja Cupressaceae 30

6 JasminumOfficinale Jasmine Oleaceae 10

7 Hibiscus rosasinensis Jasud Malvaceae 30

Apart from the plantation of trees in the earmarked areas, the space left over within the

premises after construction of the plant shall be efficiently utilized by converting them into

small gardens, vegetative belt etc., which shall again add to the aesthetic beauty of the

place and also act as a source of recreation.

Care shall be taken to plant ample trees along the road side, boundary wall as well as

within the plant premises. It shall enable proper balance of atmosphere both outside the

campus by absorbing noise and gaseous pollutants of the road side movement of vehicles

and also absorption of noise and emissions within the premises of the plant.

Company shall follow the following five year comprehensive greenbelt development

program

1st YEAR PLAN

o Capital provision for irrigation facilities (water pipelines & taps/valves, flexible pipes)

and shall be made in project capital cost

o Recurring Budget for First Year Activities: 2 Lakhs

o Company shall start activities of greenbelt development along with inception of

construction phase of the project

o Company shall provide all necessary facilities for irrigation of greenbelt

o Plantation in minimum 30% area (1512 Sq. mt.) within premises and around boundary

o Company shall acquire saplings from local private/government (Forest & Other)

nursery

o Plantation & maintenance of trees & shrubs as described in Guidelines for greenbelt

development

o Company shall do fertilization as required for healthy & dense greenbelt development

2ndto 5thYEAR PLAN

o Recurring Budget for Second to Fifth Year Activities: 1.5 Lakhs

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupressaceae



o Company shall maintain all necessary facilities for irrigation of greenbelt in good

condition and necessary maintenance of irrigation facilities shall be done regularly

o Company shall regularly assess survival rate of planted trees & shrub and if required

necessary replantation shall be done to ensure healthy & dense greenbelt area in

minimum 30% (1512 sq. mt. area) of the total area of proposed premises

o For replantation, if required, company shall acquire saplings from local

private/government (Forest & Other) nursery

o Company shall do fertilization as required for healthy & dense greenbelt development

Management Period

The structural measures like properly designed greenbelt area, irrigation facilities,

Sapling storage & maintenance area and storage for greenbelt development

resources/tools etc. shall be provided in construction phase prior to commissioning of

plant operation. The necessary structural maintenance shall be done throughout the

extent of operation phase.

The non-structural actions as described in above sections of greenbelt development

guidelines and five year program shall be initiated with inception of construction phase

of project and shall be implemented & practiced as routine throughout the project life.


Structural: Proponent/directors, Project manager, accounting head/manager, Site

Officer & engineers, Contractors

Non-Structural: Proponent/directors, accounting head/manager, Plant incharge, safety

& environment Officer & engineers, Contractors & operators

8.4.3. Socio-Economic Welfare and CSR

As studied, issue of adverse impacts on socioeconomic layout & public health may occur only

due to the major accidents/hazards associated with the storage, handling & transportation of

hazardous/toxic materials. Further, direct & indirect employment for the proposed project will

have significant beneficial impacts on the economic layout of the area. Besides, proposed CSR

activities will be proven very beneficial to the socioeconomic layout of the local area. Thus

looking to all the facts, following mitigation measures have been suggested as EMP for

prevention & control/minimization of probable adverse impacts & intensification of beneficial

impacts.

Maximum employment preferably 80% employment shall be done from local area by

giving priority to local people/contractors under direct or indirect employment

programs/plan.

Proper & efficient implementation EMP including structural & non-structural measures suggested for Control of Air Pollution, Water & wastewater management, reduction of Noise, waste management, hazardous materials management as well as RA Report

Timely environmental monitoring shall be done as per the monitoring plan as described

in earlier chapter 5 to ensure that emission control, waste & wastewater management



as well as hazardous substance management is done efficiently in line with the

environment management plan as described above separately.

All action plans & mitigation measures suggested in risk assessment and emergency

management shall be implemented to prevent any major chance of adverse impacts on

socioeconomic layout & occupational health.

Emergency Action Plan & Disaster management plan shall be prepared and

implemented with provision of all necessary facilities & requisites for emergency

management of chemical accident associated with the proposed project.

Spill & leak Control as well as Cleanup procedures for all chemical shall be in-place to

handle the incident of spill & leak of any chemical. The emergency disposal of the waste

chemical shall be done only through nearest CETP &/or TSDF.

Awareness programs shall be organized by company for local people of hazard prone

area as well as employees of the company through well planned program schedule.

Such awareness program shall be focused on the probable chances of hazards & effects

of chemicals, necessary action to prevent the effects, action to be taken during

chemical accident etc.

Throughout the operation phase, management shall ensure that there is no

harm/damage to local socioeconomic condition due to the operational activity of the

plant. (e.g. damage to agricultural fields & fisheries of local area due to emission, water

pollution & accidents)

All necessary facilities like first aid, health facilities etc. available in company shall be

made available to needy in the surrounding local area.

Company shall organize CSR activities in the surrounding area as well as other areas of

state & country with necessary budgetary provision around 5% of capital cost in line

with the time bound schedule for at least 5 years. Necessary timely revision of

budgetary provision shall be done as required.

Company shall allocate 3.5 Lakhs Rupees per Annum for the CSR activities and priority

of utilization of fund shall be given on the basis of vital needs of local area.

Company shall regularly conduct CSR activities in the local area by organizing different

kind of social activities and necessary budget for each programs from the allocated

Annual CSR fund shall be prepare and approved fund shall be released timely.

Considering the situation of local area, maximum fund shall be disbursed for

improvement of status of Health & Education of the local area.

The CSR activities shall include the following programs:

Education Development: (Approx. Rs. 1.5 Lakh/Annum) The activities under such

program shall cover distribution of educational material, awareness & carrier

counseling camps for students, contribution for improvement educational institutes,

health camp in schools, assistance to drop out students

Health Care: (Approx. Rs. 1Lakh/Annum) The activities under such program shall

cover awareness programs for child immunization, general and specialized health

checkup & medical camps, ICTC (Integrated Counseling and Testing Centre) for free



of cost HIV testing, awareness programs & camps for female & child health as well

as nutrition and awareness programs on various diseases etc.

Other: (Approx. Rs. 1 Lakh/Annum) Apart from the above, company can also

conduct activities for social & public infrastructure development & maintenance,

cultural programs, support to village level cultural groups, ecological development &

conservation, village level sport programs, disaster support, training for prevention

& mitigation of disaster, management of relief operation etc.

Note: Details CSR Activity with time bound Enclosed as Annexure VII

8.4.4. Reporting

The proponent shall prepare & submit quarterly/half yearly reports on implementation of the

environmental management program as described in conditions in various licenses/certificate

of clearance like EC, NOC, CC&A etc. as well as in line with the described in EMP will be

submitted to:

Board of director through MD & General/Production manager

Gujarat pollution control boards & other authority as required by regulatory provisions

Other organizations/firms as directed timely by board of directors or

General/production Manager or Govt. authority like MoEF, GPCB, CPCB etc.


UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-09: Summary & Conclusion (QCI-NABET Accredited) 9-1

CHAPTER: 09

SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

9.1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals is located at Plot No. 1250, GIDC, Sarigam – 396155. Tal.

Umbergaon, Dist. Valsad. The company has acquired adequate plot in the notified industrial

estate of Sarigam hence no other land outside of the industrial estate is required. The company

proposes to manufacture products under the category “Synthetic Organic chemicals” (Organic

Phosphites & Organic Phosphates). The company has been promoted by four promoters and

the company will start its operation of the unit after obtaining the EC and other statutory

clearances/ consents/ permissions.

The main products of the company will be Plastic and Paint Additives (Organic Phosphite) and

Organic Phosphates. And Hydrochloric Acid solution (30%) and Phenol will be generated as by-

products.

The proposed products have very high demand for manufacturing of plastic and paint products

manufactured in the region of proposed project and other areas of our country. The products

are now well established and acceptable in the international markets. Business for the product

has bright future and lucrative in various region of India and abroad. Manufacturing of

proposed products in the country is very much economical compare to imports of the same

and also the export of the same can earn extra revenue generation for our county. There is a

huge demand of the proposed products in the export market as well as local market. Proposed

products are widely used and are in demand in the domestic Chemical industry.

As per the EIA notification-2006 as amended the proposed products are covered under activity-

5(f) category B1 and hence require Prior Environmental Clearance. Public Hearing is exempted

for this project, as the unit is situated within the notified industrial estate (GIDC Sarigam)

developed before 2006 and falling in B category.

The proposed products & by-products along with production capacity are presented below in

tabulated form.

Table 9.1: List of Products & Byproducts with Capacity

Sr.

No. Product Name

Quantity

(TPM)

1 Plastic and Paint Additives (Organic Phosphite)

(Tri Phenyl Phosphite, DiphenylIsodecylphoshite, 2-Hexyl

Diphenylphosphite, Phenyl Di-IsodecylPhosphite, Tri –DecylPhosphite, Tri

TrisdecylPhosphite, TrisNonyl Phenyl Phosphite,

DiphenyylTridecylPhosphite (DPTDP), Tetra Phenyl Dipropylene Glycol

Phosphite (THOP), Poly (Dipropylene Glycol) Phenyl Phosphite (DHOP),

4,4-Isopropylidene bis (diisodecyl Phenyl Phosphite),

300.00



DistearylpentaerythritolDiphosphite (DPEDP), TRIS ( 2,4 ditertbutylphenyl)

Phosphite, TRIS ( 2,4 ditertamylphenylphosphite, etc.)

2 Organic Phosphates

(Tri aryl and Alkyl Phosphate, Triphenyl Phosphate, Tricrisyl Phosphate,

Tributyl Phosphate, CresylDiphenyl Phosphate, etc.)

150.00

3. By products :

Hydrochloric Acid( 30 % Solution) 414.90

Phenol 46.00

TOTAL 910.90

The capital of proposed project has been estimated & budgeted with costs of Rs. 350.00 Lakhs.

The proposed capital includes Rs. 25.00 Lakhs for environmental protection measures.

The plot is already acquired for the proposed project with Plot No. 1250 admeasuring 5040.00

Sq. m. situated at GIDC, Sarigam. The other resources required for the proposed project is as

follows:

Land - 5040.00 Sq. m.

Water- 39.00 KLD will be fulfilled by GIDC water supply.

Power- 200 KVA which will be met by supply from DGVCL or Standby DG sets (200 KVA).

Utility- In proposed unit the heat requirement will be met from Thermopack- 1 No. of

capacity 6 lakh Kcal/Hr, and Boiler- of 1000 Kg/Hr.

Fuel- Baggase Brickets: 3 MT/Day (Boiler MT/Day and Thermopack- 1 MT/Day), & HSD

50 Ltrs/Hr (for DG set).

Human Resource- Proposed 45.

The probable pollution load/sources of impacts are identified during the present EIA study. The

details of the major pollution potential/identified sources of impacts are presented below.

Wastewater: Industrial Effluent – 6.00 KLD, Domestic- 4.00 KLD. The industrial effluent

will be treated in full-fledged proposed in-house ETP (of capacity 10 KLD Max.)

equipped with all required Primary, Secondary & Tertiary Treatment units and then will

be disposed off through GIDC underground drainage to CETP-Sarigam. The domestic

waste water (Sewage) will be disposed off through septic tanks & soak pit

Utility Emissions: PM <150 mg/Nm3 , SOX <100 ppm & NOX <50 ppm after Bag filter for

Boiler and Thermopack.

Proposed Sack as utility emission control measures:

o Stack-I: Biolers and TFH (Ht.-15 m., Dia-200 mm)



o Stack-II: DG Set (Ht.-15 m., Dia-200 mm)

Process Emissions:

HCl 20 mg/NM3 after ring jet scrubber + Mist eliminator + demister o Stack-III: Process Vent (Ht.-11 Mt., Dia-150 mm)

Solid/Hazardous wastes:

o ETP Waste: 10.00 MT/Annum (sent to TSDF Side)

o Process Residue: 27.00 MT/Annum (Common incineration facility)

o Discarded Containers: 400 nos./Annum (Sold to approved scrape

dealers/recycler)

o HDPE bags: 3000 Nos./Annum (sold to approved scrape dealers/recycler)

o Used Oil: 100 Lit./Yr. (Sold to approved recycler)

Hazardous Material:

The major hazards are noticed to be associated with 6 chemicals of the project (Phenol,

Phosphorous Trichloride ( PCl3), POCl3, 2-Ethyl Hexanol, Butanol and Cresol). It has been

noticed that only 6 chemicals out of about 15 raw materials are hazardous in nature as

per MSIHC rules (as amended), 2000. These hazardous materials will be received in

tanker load or drums by road truck/tanker and stored in tanks provided in farm area

and designated areas of drum storage. All safety measures will be provided at design

level with all required safety system for the specific chemicals to prevent the associated

hazards & risks.

9.2. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT & BASELINE ENVIRONMENT STATUS

PROJECT AREA

The proposed new unit - M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals will be setup at Plot No. 1250,

Notified Industrial Estate of GIDC Sarigam, Valsad (Gujarat). The GIDC Industrial estate has all

required infrastructure like electricity, roads, transportation etc.

The project area is situated in the southern part of Gujarat State and shares some area of UT of

Daman and UT of Dadra & Nagar Haveli. The area has global identity for its industrial

development since many decades especially in Vapi GIDC, adjoining UTs and Sarigam GIDC. The

area has contributed significantly in the development of our Nation’s economy through the

excellent industrial growth. The area has considerably developed in last few decades by sharing

vital input through industrial development and implementation of government actions/plan of

development. The area has been selected as the production hub by many large banner

industries of chemicals, pharmaceutical, pesticides, textile & plastic sectors.

The Damanganga river flows from east to west into the Arabian Sea. The river flows

through Maharashtra and Gujarat states, as well as the Union territories of Daman and



Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. The industrial towns of Vapi, Dadra and Silvassa lie on the

north bank of the river, and the town of Daman occupies both banks of the river's estuary.

BASELINE STATUS

The baseline environmental studies have been done for three months of Summer (Pre-

monsoon) season (March 2015 & May 2015) for the EIA of upcoming project of M/s. Sandhya

Plasticizers & Chemicals. The study has been conducted initially considering the draft TORs

proposed for approval and then continued & finalized according to the conditions of awarded

TORs. The study has been conducted by following the guidelines & the EIA Manual issued by

MoEF. The study has been conducted & finalized by conducting studies during the season of

summer (pre-monsoon) 2015 covering area of 10 km radius from proposed project site for

mappings and 5 km radial area for environmental sampling & monitoring to comply with the

TOR awarded by the State level Expert Environmental Appraisal Committee (SEAC),

Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

The frequency of various environmental sampling & analysis was determined following the

guidelines provided by MoEF in online EIA Manual. The details of frequency of environmental

sampling considered for the study are illustrated in the following table.

Table 9.2: Details of Environmental sampling frequency.

Attributes Sampling Monitoring Frequency

A. Air Environment

Meteorological Data Hourly continuous during Study Period

Ambient Air Quality 24 hourly twice a week during study period

B. Noise Hourly for one day during Study Period

C. Water

Ground Water Once in Study Period

Surface Water Once in Study Period

D. Soil Quality Once in Study Period

E. Land Use -Land Cover & Topography Once in Study Period

F. Ecological Data Once in Study Period

G. Socio-economic Data Once in Study Period

H. Other Maps Once in Study Period

One seasonal ambient air monitoring data was collected during the study period of March 2015

& May 2015.

The data of wind pattern collected during the study period indicates that the wind was blowing

dominantly from 238 Degree (NNE) and the average wind speed was noticed to be around 3.04

m/sec. Maximum wind speed has been noticed to be 21.61 m/s.



Ambient Air Quality assessments for the selected locations are carried out and the maximum

concentration of the PM10, PM2.5, SOx & NOx was found respectively 92.00 µg/m3, 35.00 µg/m3,

27.00 µg/m3, 29.00 µg/m3 at the project site during the study period because the project is

located in the notified industrial area of GIDC and surrounded by the different types of

industries.

9.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIROMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

As studied during the present EIA study, no major significant impacts from proposed plant are

anticipated except the cases of failure of APCD and catastrophic disaster in material storage

area.

As proponent has planned to install well designed ETP which will be efficient for adequate

wastewater treatment to meet the norms for disposal through underground drainage of GIDC

going to CETP, Sarigam. The ETP process adopted by the proponent is adequate to remove the

pollutants from the waste water. Thus issue of water or land/soil pollution due to disposal of

treated wastewater is also not envisaged. Besides, the water consumption will be met through

the drawl of water from pipeline of GIDC water supply department. Groundwater will not be

abstracted for water requirement of proposed project. Hence the impacts due to the water

consumption are not envisaged. Risk assessment study has been conducted for the proposed

project and the suggestions made in the report shall be implemented strictly to prevent any

chances of environmental contamination and employee health & safety. By the efficient

implementation of Hazard/Risk control/Prevention measures the negative impacts would be

avoided.

Further, the fuel for Boiler and TFH will be Bagasse. The emission from these utilities will not be

the major issue as bagasse will be used as fuel. The emission from DG set will not have regular

pollution potential as those will be utilized only during the failure of supply by DGVCL. Hence,

there would not be any considerable emission. In the process of Tri Phenyl Phosphite & Organic

Phosphite Phenol are likely to arise as process emission. For control of phenol emission no

special measure is required, as it will be recovered in process itself. Phenol will be distilled and

will be reused in process or will be sold to actual user as by-product. In some process HCl is

likely to arise as process emission which will be recovered by providing scrubber. The

recovered HCl will be sold as by-product.

Besides, the hazardous waste generation includes almost all recyclable waste except ETP

sludge and Process Residues. All these hazardous waste will be managed as per

MoEF/CPCB/GPCB Guidelines. Hence issues of environmental contamination due to hazardous

waste are not envisaged.

The proponent will plant varieties of native trees & shrubs in the premises. The Greenbelt will

be maintained in excellent condition giving visual of dense vegetation. The proponent will

manage the greenbelt with all possible care & attention to improve environmental condition.

Thus the beneficial impacts due to the dense greenbelt are envisaged. The greenbelt will be

created in open land to develop greenbelt in around 1512.30 m2 (30.01 % area of total land)



area of total land of project. The plantation for proposed greenbelt will be started in the

Monsoon.

Other than these aspects, it is also found that the high noise generation sources will not be the

part of proposed project. At any point of process plant the noise level at work place will remain

below 75 dB (A) which will be further mitigated by provision of PPEs and shift management.

The noise level out of the premises is envisaged to be below 60 dB(A) in day and below 50

dB(A) in night as maximum. Hence impacts of noise are not envisaged.

Company shall organize CSR activities in the surrounding area as well as other areas of state &

country with necessary budgetary provision around 5% of capital cost in line with the time

bound schedule for at least 5 years. Necessary timely revision of budgetary provision shall be

done as required.

All aspects of safety are adequately being managed and required safety material, equipments

and facilities will be provided to all employees, contractor & visitors.

9.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

The environmental monitoring program has been prepared in five different sections covering

all necessary guidelines & plan for effective & efficient monitoring of the environmental

conditions to ensure that EMP is implemented efficiently to prevent/minimize the anticipated

impacts. The details are of the programs are presented below in tabular form:

Table 9.3: Details of Environment Monitoring Program


1. Ambient Air Ambient air quality at minimum 3 location within

the plant premises having 1 location in downwind

direction

Ambient air quality at minimum 1location in

downwind direction preferably at between 500

mtrs. & 1 km distance from plant boundary.

Workplace areas: RM Storage and Production

areas

In case of accidental leak & spill of hazardous

chemical: At maximum spots likely to be affected

2. Water & Wastewater Groundwater from all bore wells within premises

In case of accidental spillage/leak , groundwater

samples from the area likely to be affected

3. Emission All Stacks including stacks of Boiler, TFH & DG Set

4. Noise At all sources (DG set, Boiler, TFH, Production

Utilities/machineries, Pumps, Compressors etc.)

and at deferent areas (Production area, Storage




area, transportation area, Administrative area,

security area, utility house, ETP etc) within

premises

5. Greenbelt/Vegetation Cover Greenbelt Area at Boundary & Garden

6. Soil At Two locations from storage & greenbelt area,

In case of accidental spillage/leak , soil of the

affected area from various spots & depth

9.5 ADITIONAL STUDY

In case of the present EIA study for proposed project Risk Assessment as additional studies has

been given as condition in awarded TOR, which needed to be included in the EIA study &

report. The Risk Assessment Study for the upcoming project has been conducted by functional

area expert of EIA Team. The risk assessment has been carried out with consideration of some

probable worst case scenarios like Fire, explosion and flammable cloud & toxic dispersion. The

major hazards are noticed to be associated with six chemicals of the project (Phenol,

Phosphorous Trichloride ( PCl3), POCl3, 2-Ethyl Hexanol, Butanol and Cresol) which can have worst

case scenarios of fire & explosion as well as dispersion of toxic vapour & flammable cloud. As,

the proposed project is of manufacturing of synthetic resins & paint using some organic

chemicals, impacts are likely to occur due to some other chemical hazards also. Thus with such

probabilities & considerations of hazards & risk, “Risk Assessment Study” has been carried out

by proponent as pre-project conceptual RA study. The Disaster & Onsite Emergency

Management plan has also been prepared as a part of RA study assignment. The whole Risk

Assessment Report is incorporated in the chapter-6 of the EIA report, and the onsite

emergency plan has been enclosed herewith the EIA report as Annexure-XI.

9.6 PROJECT BENEFITS

The project does not require any land outside of a notified industrial estate of GIDC - Sarigam

and the estate is years old with all required infrastructures. Hence no major benefits in terms

of development of new infrastructures & direct improvement in infrastructure due to proposed

project are anticipated.

The project benefits will be significant in terms of benefit to the local socio-economic status by

generating a good opportunity of direct & indirect employment, etc. as well as economic

conditions of state & country.

9.7 ENVRIONMETAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The proposed project will have some potential of impact in form of pollution sources mainly as

the emission from utilities. Such sources of impacts and the significance of the impacts are



already described in above sections with necessary mitigations. In line with the above

description some important mitigation measures are cited as necessary requirement to

prevent &/or control / minimize the probable impacts of proposed project on environment.

The details of such mitigations are described below under respective heading with necessary

details.

Air Pollution Control

Bag Filter and Stack of adequate height & internal diameter (Ht.-15 Mt., Dia-200 mm)

are to be provided for efficient dispersion of emission from proposed Boiler & TFH

CPCB approved DG sets to be used only during the failure of power supply from DGVCL

Grid.

Stack of adequate height & internal diameter (Ht.-15 Mt., Dia-200 mm) are to be

provided for efficient dispersion of emission from proposed DG set.

Provision of all necessary PPEs to employee & regular workplace monitoring programs

Properly designed enclosed storage vessels made of suitable materials and adequate

handling & transfer system preferably closed system operated through the automation

like PLC

Provision of FD/ ID fan with utilities/ stack if/as required to maintain desired velocity of

exit gas.

Provision of three stage scrubber as an integrated part of process equipment for

scrubbing of process emission - HCl and stack of adequate height and internal diameter

(Ht.-11 Mt., Dia-150 mm).

All mitigation, control & prevention measures as suggested in Safety Audit report & RA

report shall be provided.

Regular monitoring of Stack emission, Ambient Air and workplace air shall be done as

per Monitoring plan

Transportation must be done in closed approved vehicles only. All safety & control

measures shall be provided to prevent spill, leak and accident during transportation.

Low emission transport vehicles complying HAZMAT guidelines & statutory

requirements.

Water & Wastewater Management

Water requirement to be met only from GIDC Water supply line.

Proper impervious lining in storage & production area

Adequate & properly designed storage area to prevent spill & leak of chemicals

Implementation of mitigation measures suggested for Land Environment

Adequate & minimal use of water

Metering for measurement of water usage and wastewater generation & disposal



Disposal of sewage through septic tank & soak pit only and regular checking &

maintenance for prevention of leak & overflow.

Provision of in-house full-fledge ETP having capacity of 10 KL/Day with Primary,

secondary & tertiary treatment units.

Disposal of adequately treated effluent goes through the underground drainage to CETP,

Sarigam.

Regular inspection & management for prevention of any kind of contaminated runoff

from construction area.

Implementation of safety measures & emergency management system for management

of hazardous chemicals

Land Environment Management

The construction waste shall be used for the suitable construction works and the scrap

from mechanical activities & installation of heavy machineries/equipment shall be

collected and stored in scrap yard for sell to scrap dealer.

The greenbelt will be created in open land to develop greenbelt in around 1512.30 m2

(30.01 % area of total land) area of total land of project.

Adequate ETP for treatment of effluent & arrangement of disposal through underground

drainage of GIDC going to CETP, Sarigam.

Hazardous waste management as per statutory guidelines & requirements.

All possible recyclable/reusable wastes shall be reused/ recycled as per statutory

provision by sell to authorized recycler/refiners.

Impervious lining in all area likely to be affected by the spill / leak of hazardous

chemicals/wastes.

All transportation shall be done in closed truck/tanker approved as per statutory

requirement to prevent volatile emissions as well as leak/spill during transportation.

HAZMAT guidelines shall be followed for transport of all hazardous materials. Safety &

emergency equipment & materials and safety & emergency management guidelines

shall be provided on the transport vehicles.

Greenbelt development & management to ensure healthy & dens greenbelt/pasture

throughout the life of the project.

Monitoring of soil samples shall be done as per Environmental monitoring plan.



Ecological Environment Management

Proper & efficient implementation of mitigation measures & EMP suggested for control

of Air pollution, Water & wastewater management, reduction of Noise and construction

waste management.

RA has to be conducted and all necessary control & prevention measures for all hazards

associated with the project shall be implemented prior to inception of the project

activities.

Disaster/Emergency Management Plan shall be prepared & implemented

Greenbelt development & maintenance within premises & around periphery as per

greenbelt development plan.

Noise & Vibration Generation & Management

Noise generating & vibrating equipment like motors, pumps etc. shall be mounted on

sturdy concrete foundations with rubber padding to reduce vibrations.

DG set shall be complying noise standard prescribed by CPCB and silencer as well as

acoustic enclosure shall be provided.

Barrier in form of Dens Greenbelt in and around premises and concrete wall wherever

required & suitable.

Further to cope up with the issue of occupational noise exposure, PPEs like earmuff &

earplug will be provided to all concerned employees.

The impacts of noise on occupational health would be mitigated by proper shift timing &

regular annual checkup of concern employees.

Periodic monitoring of noise levels as per post-project monitoring plan shall be done on

regular basis.

High noise generating activities shall be restricted during night time.

Occupation Health & Safety

All necessary implementation & actions for ensuring safe work condition

All statutory guidelines related with occupational health & safety is/will be followed

Implementation of all hazards & risk control & prevention measures

Provision of aprons & other suitable work-apparels, gloves, goggles, safety shoes and

other required PPEs for the employees engaged in hazardous areas & operations as well

as working with hazardous materials.

Regular inspection for the safety procedures and use of PPEs & Safety

equipment/material

The medical histories of all employees shall be maintained in the prescribed format.

Thereafter, the employees shall be subjected to medical examination on annual basis..



Training programs & safety audit on regular basis to prevent impacts of the operational

activities on occupational health as well as to improve workplace condition & safe work

system.

Greenbelt Development

The company has proposed to develop the greenbelt in 1512.30 m2 (30.01 % area of total land)

land in & along the premises. The plantation for proposed greenbelt will be started in the

Monsoon. Same greenbelt will be maintained in healthy & dense condition throughout its

operation period after the proposed project. Company shall plant trees with density of about

1500 trees per hectare in the greenbelt area. Only indigenous species with fast growth will be

selected or form the base of selection as Green Belt can come in view as fast as possible.

Company shall plant local species of trees & shrub for greenbelt development. All necessary

actions like fertilization, irrigation, pest control, pruning & trimming as well as re-plantation as

required shall be taken timely to ensure dense healthy greenbelt all the time.

Environment Health & Safety Management Cell

The company has already formulated the environment management cell. With vision to

improve the efficiency, Environmental Management Cell will be modified.

Socioeconomic welfare & CSR Activities

All action plans & mitigation measures suggested in risk assessment and emergency

management shall be implemented to prevent any major chance of adverse impacts on

socioeconomic layout & occupational health.

Emergency Action Plan & Disaster management plan shall be prepared and implemented

with provision of all necessary facilities & requisites for emergency management of

chemical accident associated with the proposed project.

Maximum employment preferably 80% employment shall be done from local area by

giving priority to local people/contractors under direct or indirect employment

programs/plan.

Regular social activities as part of its CSR Program to enhance the social condition mainly

for education & health improvement in the project area.

Details CSR Activity and planning with time bound enclosed as Annexure VII.

9.8 CONCLUSION

The study for the proposed project of M/s. Sandhya Plasticizers & Chemicals at Sarigam GIDC

has revealed that the upcoming activities of “Synthetic Organic chemicals” (Organic Phosphites

& Organic Phosphates) manufacturing will have some considerable impacts which would

mainly occur only upon accidental spill/leak of chemicals/materials and catastrophic disasters.

All other impacts of the project will remain far below acceptable limits after necessary



mitigation as described & suggested in EIA report. The major impacts of catastrophic disaster

will also be brought under acceptable limits by implementing the required hazard prevention &

control measures as suggested in RA report. Thus it has been concluded that there would not

be any major impacts on environment due to the proposed project except the impacts of

emissions and major accident scenarios which may extend out of the plant area.


UniStar Environment & Research Labs Pvt. Ltd. Chapter-10: Disclosure of consultant engaged (QCI-NABET Accredited) 10-1

CHAPTER: 10 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED

10.1. ABOUT UNISTAR ENVIRONMENT & RESEACH LABS PVT. LTD.

Unistar Environment And Research Labs Private Limited is a company registered under the

companies Act in India (Vapi, Gujarat) to provide efficient and economical services in the areas

of environmental pollution control/ monitoring and chemical analysis & research activities to

various industries and institutions. Unistar Environment and Research Labs Private Limited is a

service providing organization rendering a wide range of environment pollution control related

services.

Unistar Environment And Research Labs Private Limited is a growing environmental pollution

control service providing company having a team of qualified and experienced persons from

various disciplines to handle complex assignments. In addition, we have a pool of highly

qualified experts from related and specialized fields to draw upon should an assignment dictate

so. The organization has a sufficing infrastructure along with a fully equipped laboratory and

field staff.

The client list includes some of the foremost industry houses in India, mainly in the area of

pharmaceuticals, Personal care products, Metal and Metal Processing, Textile processing,

Paper manufacturing, Dyes and Intermediates, Specialty chemicals, Engineering (Fabrication,

surface Treatment, coating and assembling), Plastics and Packaging, Hotels, various

miscellaneous industrial units and government and semi-government departments.

The company aims to provide effective and optimum environment management systems for

treatment & control of gaseous emissions, water, wastewater and hazardous waste.

Vision - to establish a strong technical foothold in the area of environmental pollution To

establish a strong technical foothold in the area of environmental pollution control,

Monitoring, Chemical testing and Research.

Mission - to provide reliable and economical solution in timely manner that best meets the

individual concerns for each client.



Services

The Unistar provides the following services

Consultancy Services:

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study.

Treatability/Feasibility study to establish Effluent Treatment Scheme.

Study of pollution control system and its adequacy & efficacy.

Environmental Audit of the industrial units.

Environmental studies and reports.

Legal and Technical assistance to comply with environmental legislations.

Environmental Monitoring Services:

Post Environment Clearance monitoring programs.

Potable water testing as per IS 10500: 2012 and WHO standard.

Chemical & Microbial monitoring and analysis of Water & Waste Water.

Hazardous and non-hazardous Solid Wastes and soil samples monitoring and analysis.

Ambient Air quality, Work place, Flue gas stack, process gas stack emission, Ambient

Noise level Monitoring.

Analytical testing of all kind of chemicals, metals, etc.

Engineering Services:

Designing, Erection and Commissioning of ETP and STP.

Designing, Erection and Commissioning of APCD.

Operation & Maintenance of ETP and STP.

Introducing Our Additional Services:

Education and training in the area of Energy, Safety, Health, Various CSR activities and

Environment.

CSR Activity plan or Proposal and implementation, documentation and reporting.

Carry out Social Need Assessment study.

Conducting CSR Audits.



Recognition

1. MoEF&CC (Govt. Of India) Recognized Environmental Laboratory under The

Environment (Protection) Act-1986.

2. GPCB (Govt. Of Gujarat) Recognized Environmental Auditor. (Schedule- II)

3. NABET Accreditation scheme for EIA Consultant: (Provisional Accreditation)

4. NABL (ISO/IEC 17025: 2005) Accredited Environmental Laboratory

5. OSHAS 18001:2007 certified Laboratory 6. ISO 9001: 2008 certified company.







