ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORTenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/060620207OR6QX6IS… · Mr. Dinesh Kumar, Managing Director 2. Mr. Karthikeyan, Factory Manager

M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Pvt Limited EIA/EMP report

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

For

EXPANSION AND CHANGE IN PRODUCT MIXBy

M/s. SANSKAR CHEMICALS AND DRUGS PVT LIMITED

At

S.F. No. 457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C (Part)Ammoor Village, 12/5 (Part) Chettithangal Village,

Taluk: Walajah

District: Vellore

State: Tamil Nadu

ToR Issued: 18th December, 2018

Baseline Monitoring Period – Mid January- End April 2019

Public Hearing Conducted on: 2nd January, 2020.

EIA ConsultantHUBERT ENVIRO CARE SYSTEMS (P) LTD, CHENNAI

(NABET Accredited vide Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA0083 Valid Till: 30thJune, 2020)

May 2020


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AcknowledgementThe following personnel are gratefully acknowledged for their fullest support in collection,compilation of needful data regarding the project and kind co-operation in fulfilling the report onEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report of M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs PrivateLimited.M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Private Limited,1. Mr. Dinesh Kumar, Managing Director2. Mr. Karthikeyan, Factory Manager


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Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant OrganizationI, Dr. J. R. Moses, hereby confirm that the below mentioned experts prepared the EIA/EMP for theproposed “Expansion and Change in Product Mix” at S. F. No. 457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C,457/4C (Part) Ammoor Village, 12/5 (Part) Chettithangal Village, Walajah Taluka, Vellore District,Tamil Nadu and also confirms that I shall be fully accountable for any misleading informationmentioned in this statement.Signature:Date: 27.05.2020Name: Dr. J. R. MosesDesignation: CEOName of the EIA Consultant Organization: Hubert Enviro Care System Private Limited, Chennai.NABET Certificate No & Validity: NABET/EIA/1619/RA0083 valid till 30.06.2020


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Declaration of Experts Contribution to the EIAI hereby certify that I was involved in the EIA team in the following capacity that developed theabove EIA with the support of the following Team Members.EIA Co-ordinatorName: Mr. Vamsee Krishna NavooruSignature:Date: 27.05.2020

Contact Information:Hubert Enviro Care Systems Pvt. Ltd.,# A-21, Phase III, Behind Lion Club School,Thiru-vi-ka Industrial Area, Guindy,Chennai –600032Tamil Nadu, IndiaEmail: [email protected]: www.hecs.in

Functional Area Experts (FAEs):

S. No. FunctionalAreas Name of the Expert Signature Duration of

Involvement1. AP FAE Dr. J R Moses July 2018- tilldate2. AQ FAE Dr. J R Moses July 2018- tilldate3. WP FAE Dr. J R Moses July 2018- tilldate4. N FAE Mr. Vivek Navare July 2018- tilldate5. SHW FAE Mr. A. Manoharan July 2018- tilldate6. SE FAE Mr. V. Dhivakar July 2018- tilldate7. EB FAE Mr. A. Manoharan July 2018- tilldate8. HG FAE Mr. Mallikarjuna Rao July 2018- tilldate9. LU FAE Mr. Venkateswarlu July 2018- tilldate10. RH FAE Dr. J R Moses July 2018- tilldate11. SC FAE Mr. A. Manoharan July 2018- tilldate


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AP - Air pollution monitoring, prevention and controlAQ - Meteorology, air quality modeling and predictionWP - Water pollution monitoring, prevention and controlSHW - Solid and hazardous waste managementSE - Socio-economicsEB - Ecology and biodiversityHG - Hydrology, ground water and water conservationLU - Land useRH - Risk assessment and hazards managementN - Noise


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Contents1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 161.1 Project Background ............................................................................................................. 161.2 Overview of Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Private Limited............................................ 171.3 Purpose and Status of Report ............................................................................................ 171.4 Project Proponent ................................................................................................................ 171.5 Brief description of Nature, Size, location of the project & its importance to the country

181.5.1 Nature, Size & Location of the project ............................................................................... 181.5.2 Need for the Project and its Importance to the Country/Region ...................................... 251.6 Export Possibility.................................................................................................................. 251.7 EIA study .............................................................................................................................. 251.8 EIA cost................................................................................................................................. 261.9 Scope of the study ............................................................................................................... 261.10 Objectives of the Study ....................................................................................................... 281.11 Methodology adopted for the Study ................................................................................... 291.12 Applicable Regulatory Framework ..................................................................................... 291.13 ToR Compliance .................................................................................................................. 322 PROJECT DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................. 422.1 Type of Project ..................................................................................................................... 422.2 Site location .......................................................................................................................... 422.3 Existing Environmental setup ............................................................................................. 482.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation .......................................................................................... 492.5 Proposed Schedule for Approval & Implementation ......................................................... 492.6 Technology & Process Description .................................................................................... 492.6.1 Process Description............................................................................................................. 492.6.2 Products Manufactured ....................................................................................................... 492.6.3 Detailed Manufacturing process description ..................................................................... 512.7 Raw material requirement ................................................................................................... 512.7.1 Source of supply of Raw material & marketing area of final products ............................ 522.8 Storage facility for Raw Material and Products ................................................................. 522.9 Resource Optimization/Recycling and Re-Use Envisaged in the Industry ..................... 532.9.1 Solvent Recovery & Re-Use ............................................................................................... 532.10 Project description including Drawings showing Project Layout, Components of project

532.10.1 Project layout, components of project ................................................................................ 532.11 Resource requirement ......................................................................................................... 562.11.1 Land requirement and Land use planning ......................................................................... 562.11.2 Water requirement ............................................................................................................... 572.11.3 Power and Fuel requirement............................................................................................... 592.11.4 Manpower requirement ....................................................................................................... 59


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2.11.5 Solid and Hazardous waste management ......................................................................... 592.12 Infrastructure facilities.......................................................................................................... 612.13 Machinery & Equipment Details ......................................................................................... 612.14 Description of Mitigation Measures Incorporated Into the Project to Meet theEnvironmental Standards ................................................................................................................ 612.14.1 Land environment ................................................................................................................ 622.14.2 Soil contamination................................................................................................................ 632.14.3 Air Environment.................................................................................................................... 632.14.4 Noise environment ............................................................................................................... 642.14.5 Water Environment .............................................................................................................. 652.14.6 Biological Environment ........................................................................................................ 662.14.7 Solid waste management .................................................................................................... 672.15 Project Cost .......................................................................................................................... 683 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................ 703.1 Preamble .............................................................................................................................. 703.2 Study area ............................................................................................................................ 703.3 Description of the study area .............................................................................................. 713.4 Environmentally/Ecologically Sensitive Areas................................................................... 733.5 Physical Conditions ............................................................................................................. 793.5.1 PIA District Profile ................................................................................................................ 793.5.2 Climatic conditions ............................................................................................................... 793.5.3 Natural resources of district ................................................................................................ 793.5.4 Land Use & Land Cover ...................................................................................................... 843.5.5 Topography .......................................................................................................................... 883.5.6 Geology of PIA district ......................................................................................................... 913.5.7 Geomorphology of PIA district ............................................................................................ 913.5.8 Hydrogeology of PIA district................................................................................................ 953.5.9 Drainage pattern in PIA district ........................................................................................... 973.5.10 Soil in PIA district ................................................................................................................. 993.5.11 Seismicity.............................................................................................................................. 993.6 Meteorology........................................................................................................................ 1013.6.1 Meteorological Conditions................................................................................................. 1013.6.2 Meteorological Data Collection ......................................................................................... 1013.6.3 General Meteorological Scenario based on IMD data.................................................... 1013.6.4 Meteorological Scenario during Study Period ................................................................. 1033.6.5 Site Specific Meteorological data during Study Period................................................... 1033.6.6 Atmospheric Inversion ....................................................................................................... 1043.7 Ambient Air Quality ............................................................................................................ 1043.7.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations .......................................................................... 1053.7.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Techniques and Frequency.......................................... 1073.8 Noise Environment ............................................................................................................ 1123.8.1 Results and Discussion ..................................................................................................... 112


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3.8.2 Observations ...................................................................................................................... 1143.9 Water Environment ............................................................................................................ 1153.9.1 Surface water resources ................................................................................................... 1153.9.2 Surface water quality assessment.................................................................................... 1153.9.3 Results and Discussion ..................................................................................................... 1223.10 Ground water resources.................................................................................................... 1233.10.1 Ground water quality ......................................................................................................... 1233.11 Soil as a resource and its quality...................................................................................... 1283.11.1 Soil quality .......................................................................................................................... 1283.11.2 Results and Discussion ..................................................................................................... 1323.12 Biological Environment ...................................................................................................... 1323.12.1 Flora .................................................................................................................................... 1323.12.2 Fauna .................................................................................................................................. 1343.13 Socio economic status....................................................................................................... 1363.13.1 Socio Economic Aspects................................................................................................... 1363.13.2 Social Economic Profile of the study area ....................................................................... 1384 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ....................................... 1474.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1474.2 Construction phase............................................................................................................ 1474.3 Operation phase ................................................................................................................ 1474.3.1 Land environment .............................................................................................................. 1484.3.2 Soil environment ................................................................................................................ 1484.3.3 Air Environment.................................................................................................................. 1484.3.4 Impacts due to Traffic and Transportation ....................................................................... 1554.3.5 Noise environment ............................................................................................................. 1564.3.6 Water environment ............................................................................................................ 1574.3.7 Biological Environment ...................................................................................................... 1584.3.8 Solid waste management .................................................................................................. 1584.3.9 Socio-Economic Environment........................................................................................... 1595 Analysis of Alternatives ..................................................................................................... 1615.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1615.2 Alternate site Analysis ....................................................................................................... 1616 Environmental Monitoring Program.................................................................................. 1636.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1636.2 Objectives ........................................................................................................................... 1636.3 Environmental Management Plan during Construction phase....................................... 1646.4 Environmental Management Plan during Operation phase ........................................... 1646.5 Post Project Environmental Monitoring............................................................................ 1657 Additional Studies .............................................................................................................. 1687.1 Public Consultation ............................................................................................................ 1687.1.1 Reply to the issues raised by the public during Public Hearing on 02.01.2020 ........... 1707.2 Rehabilitation and Resettlement....................................................................................... 179


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7.3 Risk Assessment ............................................................................................................... 1797.4 Disaster Management Plan............................................................................................... 1797.5 Emergency Management Plan (On Site) ......................................................................... 1807.6 Hazard Identification and Safety System ......................................................................... 1807.7 Chronology of events and product details ....................................................................... 1858 Project Benefits .................................................................................................................. 1899 Environmental Management Plan .................................................................................... 1919.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1919.2 Objectives of EMP ............................................................................................................. 1919.3 EMP roles and responsibilities.......................................................................................... 1929.3.1 Safety, Health and Environment policy ............................................................................ 1949.4 EMP for Operational Phase .............................................................................................. 1959.4.1 Air quality ............................................................................................................................ 1959.4.2 Noise Environment ............................................................................................................ 1969.4.3 Water and wastewater management ............................................................................... 1969.4.4 Rainwater harvesting and Ground water recharging ...................................................... 1969.4.5 Solid and Hazardous waste management ....................................................................... 1979.4.6 Land Environment.............................................................................................................. 1989.4.7 Biological Environment ...................................................................................................... 1989.4.8 Socio economic environment............................................................................................ 1989.5 Available safety system ..................................................................................................... 1999.5.1 Fire Extinguisher ................................................................................................................ 1999.5.2 Spill Emergency Mitigation Procedure ............................................................................. 2009.5.3 Occupational Health Centre (OHC).................................................................................. 2019.5.4 First aid Boxes ................................................................................................................... 2019.6 Work Zone Monitoring Equipments .................................................................................. 2029.7 Occupational Health and Safety program........................................................................ 2029.7.1 Operational phase.............................................................................................................. 2029.7.2 Occupational Health Monitoring ....................................................................................... 2039.8 Corporate social responsibility.......................................................................................... 2039.9 Corporate Environmental responsibility ........................................................................... 2049.10 Cost Estimate for Environment Management Plan (EMP) ............................................. 2049.11 Greenbelt development plan............................................................................................. 20410 Summary & Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 20910.1 Project location & description ........................................................................................... 20910.2 Baseline study .................................................................................................................... 20910.2.1 Meteorological Environment ............................................................................................. 20910.2.2 Disaster Management Plan............................................................................................... 21210.2.3 On site emergency plan .................................................................................................... 21210.2.4 Project Benefits .................................................................................................................. 21210.2.5 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................... 21311 Disclosure of Consultant....................................................................................................... 215


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11.1 Brief Profile of Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Limited (HECS).................................. 21511.2 Quality Policy of HECS...................................................................................................... 21611.3 QCI-NABET - EIA Accreditation ....................................................................................... 216

List of Table

Table 1-1Existing and Proposed product details and their capacities ..............................................................16Table 1-2 Details of Project Proponent..................................................................................................................18Table 1-3 Project Site co-ordinates ........................................................................................................................18Table 1-4 Salient features of the project site ........................................................................................................19Table 1-5Applicable Acts and Rules ......................................................................................................................29Table 2-1List of Industries within 10km radius from the project site .................................................................48Table 2-2 Nearest Human settlement ....................................................................................................................48Table 2-3 Time schedule for completion of project ..............................................................................................49Table 2-4Existing and Proposed products with capacity ....................................................................................50Table 2-5 Raw materials and storage details .......................................................................................................51Table 2-6 Details of solvents ...................................................................................................................................53Table 2-7Land Area Break up details ....................................................................................................................56Table 2-8Water requirement Breakup for Existing and Proposed .....................................................................57Table 2-9Power and Fuel requirement details......................................................................................................59Table 2-10Man power requirement ........................................................................................................................59Table 2-11Solid Waste Generation and Management ........................................................................................60Table 2-12Hazardous Waste generation and Management...............................................................................60Table 2-13 List of Machineries &Equipment .........................................................................................................61Table 3-1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas within 15 km radius of the project boundary .............................73Table 3-2 Agricultural activities in Vellore District (Year 2015-16) ....................................................................81Table 3-3 District land use/land cover statistics for Vellore district ...................................................................84Table 3-4 Land Use/Land Cover statistics of 10 km radius of the study area .................................................85Table 3-5 Geomorphology of the study area ........................................................................................................92Table 3-6 Climatological Summary – Vellore Region (1971-2000) .................................................................102Table 3-7 Meteorology Data for the Study Period (Mid Jan – End April 2019)..............................................103Table 3-8 Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations........................................................................105Table 3-9 Analytical Methods for Analysis of Ambient Air Quality Parameters .............................................107Table 3-10 Summary of the average baseline concentrations of pollutants ..................................................108Table 3-11 Day and Night Equivalent Noise levels............................................................................................114Table 3-12 Test methods used for the analysis of water quality parameters ................................................115Table 3-13Details of Surface water sampling locations ....................................................................................116Table 3-14Surface Water Monitoring Results.....................................................................................................118Table 3-15Surface water Standards (IS 2296:1992) .........................................................................................121Table 3-16 Ground water potential in Vellore district (as on March 2011) .....................................................123Table 3-17 Details of Groundwater Quality Monitoring Locations ...................................................................123Table 3-18Groundwater monitoring results.........................................................................................................125Table 3-19 Soil Quality monitoring locations ......................................................................................................129Table 3-20 Soil monitoring results ........................................................................................................................131Table 3-21List of flora observed/reported in the study area.............................................................................133


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Table 3-22 List of Fauna observed/reported in the study area ........................................................................134Table 3-23Social Indicators ...................................................................................................................................136Table 3-24 Educational Infrastructures................................................................................................................137Table 3-25 Socio economic analysis: Health care .............................................................................................138Table 3-26 List of villages in the study area .......................................................................................................138Table 3-27Summary of Socio-economic indicators within the study area......................................................139Table 3-28Summary of Employment and Livelihood within the study area ...................................................140Table 3-29 Details of Education facilities within study area .............................................................................140Table 3-30 Literates population and the percentage within the study area ...................................................140Table 3-31 Health facility within the study area..................................................................................................142Table 3-32 Drinking water sources in the study area ........................................................................................143Table 4-1 Existing stack emission details ...........................................................................................................151Table 4-2 Proposed stack emission details ........................................................................................................151Table 4-3Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of PM10 Obtained Through Modeling ........................152Table 4-4 Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of SO2 Obtained Through Modeling.........................153Table 4-5 Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of Oxides of Nitrogen Obtained Through Modeling

..........................................................................................................................................................................154Table 4-6 Total Maximum GLC’s from the Stack Emission ..............................................................................155Table 4-7 Existing & proposed vehicular movement per hour .........................................................................155Table 4-8 Traffic Volume after Implementation of the Project..........................................................................155Table 5-1 Connectivity of the site .........................................................................................................................161Table 6-1 Post Project Environmental Monitoring Program .............................................................................165Table 9-1EMC Responsibility................................................................................................................................193Table 9-2 Air Pollution Control Measures ...........................................................................................................195Table 9-3 Fire and safety systems .......................................................................................................................199Table 9-4 CER Activities ........................................................................................................................................204Table 9-5 Estimated budget for EMP (Capital and Recurring cost) ................................................................204

List of Figures

Figure 1-1Project location Index map ....................................................................................................................22Figure 1-2Administraitve map of Study Area ........................................................................................................23Figure 1-3Topo map of Study Area ........................................................................................................................24Figure 2-1 Environmental Sensitive areas within 15 km radius of the project site..........................................43Figure 2-2 Satellite Imagery of the project site .....................................................................................................44Figure 2-3 Satellite Imagery of 10 km radius from the project site ....................................................................45Figure 2-4 Satellite Imagery of 5 km radius from the project site ......................................................................46Figure 2-5 Satellite imagery of 1 km radius from the project site ......................................................................47Figure 2-6 Site Layout ..............................................................................................................................................54Figure 2-7 Site Photographs ...................................................................................................................................55Figure 2-8 Green belt Photographs........................................................................................................................56Figure 2-9 Water balance chart for existing facility ..............................................................................................57Figure 2-10 Water balance chart for the proposed expansion ...........................................................................58Figure 2-11 Waste Management Concept ............................................................................................................68Figure 3-1 Satellite Image of the study area of the project.................................................................................72Figure 3-2 Environmental sensitive areas covering within 15km radius of the study area ............................78


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Figure 3-3 Geology and Mineral Map of Tamil Nadu ..........................................................................................83Figure 3-4 Land use pattern of Vellore district......................................................................................................85Figure 3-5Land use pattern of the study area ......................................................................................................86Figure 3-6 Land use/Land cover map of the study area .....................................................................................87Figure 3-7Physical map of Tamil Nadu .................................................................................................................88Figure 3-8Topo map of the study area ..................................................................................................................89Figure 3-9Contour map of study area ....................................................................................................................90Figure 3-10Geomorphology pattern of the study area ........................................................................................93Figure 3-11Geomorphology map of the study area .............................................................................................94Figure 3-12 Hydrogeology of PIA district...............................................................................................................96Figure 3-13Drainage map of the study area .........................................................................................................98Figure 3-14 Seismicity map of India.....................................................................................................................100Figure 3-15 Specific Wind rose for the Study Period (Mid-January – End April 2019).................................103Figure 3-16 Atmospheric inversion level at the project site ..............................................................................104Figure 3-17 Map showing the ambient air qualitymonitoring locations ...........................................................106Figure 3-18 Trends of measured Ambient Air Quality in the study area ........................................................111Figure 3-19 Map showing noise monitoring locations .......................................................................................113Figure 3-20Map showing Surface water monitoring locations with the study area .......................................117Figure 3-21Map showing the ground water monitoring locations ....................................................................124Figure 3-22 Map showing soil monitoring locations...........................................................................................130Figure 4-1 Windrose diagram for the zone (15th Jan, 2019 – 30th April, 2019) ...........................................149Figure 4-2Predicted 24-Hrs GLC’s of PM10 within 10 km Radius of the Study Area.....................................152Figure 4-3 Predicted 24-Hrs GLC’s of SO2 within 10 km Radius of the Study Area.....................................153Figure 4-4 Predicted 24-Hrs GLC’s of NOX within 10 km Radius of the Study Area ....................................154Figure 4-5 Waste Management Concept ............................................................................................................159Figure 7-1 Public Hearing Advertisements..........................................................................................................168Figure 7-2 Notice issued for Public Hearing .......................................................................................................169Figure 7-3 Public Hearing Photos.........................................................................................................................169Figure 9-1Environmental Management Cell .......................................................................................................192Figure 9-2 EHS Policy ............................................................................................................................................194Figure 9-3 Rainwater Harvesting Photographs ..................................................................................................197Figure 9-4 Fire safety system................................................................................................................................200Figure 9-5 Greenbelt Photographs.......................................................................................................................206

List of Annexure

Annexure No Description1. Land deed letter2. Consent for establishment3. Renewal of Consent order4. Site layout plan5. Topo map of the study area6. Product MSDS7. Raw material MSDS


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8. Raw material storage details9. Manufacturing process details10. Ash utilization letter11. Soil testing report

12. Hazardous waste authorization letter for Spent catalyst and chromium & chromium (III)

13. CEPI index for critically polluted areas14. Raw data of AAQ monitoring15. Expenditure towards Occupational Health and Safety16. Medical Health checkup reports17. Proposed STP and MEE Specifications18. Water Supply Agreement19. Stack Emission Test Report20. Risk Assessment Report21. Biological Environment Study report

List of Appendix

Appendix No. Description

1 ToR2 Executive Summary3 Newspaper advertisements, TNPCB minutes & NGO Copy4 PH Compliance Report - Photographs5 Land Classification Certificate

6 Compliance Statement for Office Memorandum- F. No. 22-23/2018-IA.III (Pt) Dated:31.10.20197 Public Hearing presentation

8 Latest Photographs of Ammoor Eri Dated: 24.03.20209 Form 5 for Existing facility

10 Analyzing the Depth of Ground water in the project study area by using Piezometer Dated:29.05.2020

List of AbbreviationsSCDPL Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Private limitedKLD Kilo Liters per DayMEE Multiple Effect EvaporatorIBEF Indian Brand Equity FoundationNABET National Accreditation Board for Education and TrainingQCI Quality Council of IndiaEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentEMP Environmental Management PlanToR Terms of Reference


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SPCB State Pollution Control BoardCPCB Central Pollution Control BoardTNPCB Tamil Nadu Pollution Control BoardTSDF Treatment, Storage and Disposal FacilityETP Effluent Treatment PlantHSD High Speed DieselGLC Ground Level ConcentrationPUC Pollution Under ControlOSHA Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationBDL Below Detectable LimitBLQ Below level of QuantificationCSR Corporate Social ResponsibilityEMC Environmental Management cellDMP Disaster Management PlanIMD Indian Metrological DataMSDS Material Safety and Data SheetPPE Personnel Protective Equipment


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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION


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1 Introduction

1.1 Project Background

The company was originally under the name of J.R.P Intermediate Private Limited,

incorporated on 2nd February 2000 CTE Proceeding no:

T11/TNPCB/CHEM/F.15979/RS/A/VLR/09 dated: 24.07.2009 (for Air), CTE Proceeding

no:T11/TNPCB/CHEM/F.15979/ RS/W/VLR/09 dated 24.07.2009 (for water). Later it was

taken over by M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Private Limited in the year 2009 to

manufacture synthetic organic chemicals and drugs without any change in products and

quantity.

In order to meet the needs of the market, the company proposes to manufacture additional

products within its existing premises at Survey No. 457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C

(part) Ammoor village, 12/5 (Part) Chettithangal village, Walajah Taluka, Vellore district,

Tamil Nadu. The details of the existing and proposed products with the capacities are

provided in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1Existing and Proposed product details and their capacities

S. No ProductsQuantity (MT/Month)

Total quantity afterexpansionExisting Products Proposed Products

1. Poly Allamine Hydrochloride 20 Retained 202. Isopropanol Hydrochloride 40 Retained 403. Non ferric alum 90 Dropped 04. Basic chromium Sulphate 90 Dropped 05. Spent caustic lye solution 10 Dropped 06. Linagliptin - 0.15 0.157. Vildagliptin - 1.5 1.58. Trityl olmesartanmedoximal - 2 29. Allyl Isopropyl acetyl urea - 5 510. Diacerine - 0.2 0.211. Sitagliptin - 1 112. Lexoprofen - 2 213. Isopropyl bromide - 10 1014. Allylbromide - 6 615. Hydrogen Bromide - 25 25

Total 250 52.85 112.85By products

1 Spent Sulphuric acid 81 Retained 81


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2 Gypsum 60 dropped -Total 141 - 81

Note: 1. As per Consent to Operate (renewal) order

no:F.o.0190VLR/RS/DEE/TNPCB/VLR/W/2017 dated 29.06.2017 for 5 products with total capacity

of 250 MT/month and 2 by products of capacity 141 MT/month which is valid upto 31.03.2020.

2. Non ferric alum, Basic chromium Sulphate and Spent caustic lye solution aredropped from the existing product and Gypsum from existing by-product.

1.2 Overview of Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Private Limited

The increasing demand of the product has prompted the promoters to undertake manufacturing

of some selected chemicals and drugs. The existing production capacity is 250 MT/Month with 5

products and 2 byproducts with the capacity of 141 MT/Month. The proposed capacity is 52.85

MT/Month with 10 new products. Total capacity after expansion would be 112.85 MT/Month

with 12 products and one by product of 81 MT/Month. Land document is attached as Annexure1. The unit has been engaged in the manufacturing of Polyallamine Hydrochloride, Isopropanol

Hydrochloride, Non ferric alum, Basic Chromium Sulphate and spent caustic lye solution (with a

capacity of 250 MT/Month) and producing by product in the form of Spent Sulphuric acid and

gypsum with a combined capacity of 141 MT/Month. Now the unit proposes to manufacture

additional products such as linagliptin, Vildagliptin, Trityl Olmesartan Medoximal, Allyl

Isopropylacetyl urea, Diacerine, Sitagliptin, Lexoprofen, Isopropylbromide, Allylbromide and

Hydrogen bromide.

1.3 Purpose and Status of Report

With the growing demand, the unit proposes to manufacture additional products within the

existing facility. The existing production capacity is 250 MT/Month with 5 products, 2 by-

products with capacity 141 MT/Month. The proposed capacity with 10 new products will be

112.85 MT/Month.

1.4 Project Proponent

M/s. Sanskar chemicals and Drugs Private Limited is a private firm incorporated in 2009. It is

classified as Non-Government Company. Details of Project proponent is given in Table 1-2.


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Table 1-2 Details of Project Proponent

S No. Item Details

1. Name R. Dinesh Kumar

2. Designation Owner

3. Address House No. D.No 47 Millers road, rainbow raj bhawan, Kilpauk, Chennai.

4. Pin Code 600010

5. E – mail [email protected]

6. Telephone No. 9600018218

1.5 Brief description of Nature, Size, location of the project & its importance tothe country

1.5.1 Nature, Size & Location of the project

The proposed project is located at survey no. 457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C (part)

Ammoor village, 12/5 (Part) Chettithangal village, Walajah Taluka, Vellore district, Tamil Nadu.

The total land area is 3745.18 sq. meters. The project falls in SOI Topo Sheet No. 57/O, 57P/5

and lies between 12057’50.15” N 79020’33.49”E (Center Co-ordinates). The site co-ordinates of

the project site are given in Table 1-3.Project location index map is shown in Figure 1-1. The

Administrative map of the project location is appended in Figure 1-2and Toposheet Map is

appended in Figure 1-3.The salient features of the project site are represented in Table 1-4.

Table 1-3 Project Site co-ordinates

S. No Site pointGeographical Co-ordinatesLatitude (N) Longitude (E)

1. Center co-ordinates 12057’50.15” 79020’33.49”

2. A 12057’52.05” 79020’33.05”3. B 12057’51.97” 79020’34.55”4. C 12057’48.47” 79020’33.75”

5. D 12057’48.47” 79020’32.69”


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Table 1-4 Salient features of the project siteS. No. Particulars Details

1. Name of Company M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs private limited

2. Project name Expansion and Change in Product mix

3. Location

S.F. No. 457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C (Part) Ammoor Village,12/5(Part) Chettithangal Village,Taluka: WalajahDistrict: VelloreState: Tamil Nadu

4.Site co-ordinates(center co-ordinates)

12057’50.15” N79020’33.49” E

5.

Project Activity,Category as per EIANotification 2006 andits amendments

Project schedule 5(f)- Synthetic Organic Chemicals Manufacturing, Category A.

6. Product details

S.No Products

Quantity (MT/Month) TotalQuantity afterexpansion

ExistingProducts

ProposedProducts

1 Poly AllamineHydrochloride 20 Retained 20

2 IsopropanolHydrochloride 40 Retained 40

3 Non ferric alum 90 dropped 0

4 Basic chromiumSulphate 90 dropped 0

5 Spent caustic lyesolution 10 dropped 0

6 Linagliptin - 0.15 0.157 Vildagliptin - 1.5 1.5

8 Tritylolmesartanmedoximal - 2 2

9 Allyl Isopropyl acetylurea - 5 5

10 Diacerine - 0.2 0.211 Sitagliptin - 1 112 Lexoprofen - 2 213 Isopropyl bromide - 10 1014 Allylbromide - 6 615 Hydrogen Bromide - 25 25



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1 Spent Sulphuric acid 81 Retained 812 Gypsum 60 dropped 0

Total 141 81Note: 1. As per Consent to Operate(renewal)orderno:F.0190VLR/RS/DEE/TNPCB/VLR/W/2017 dated 29.06.2017 for 5products with total capacity of 250 MT/month and 2 by products of capacity 141MT/month which is valid upto 31.03.2020 and application renewal is underprocess.2.Non ferric alum, Basic chromium Sulphate and Spent caustic lye solutionare dropped from the existing product and Gypsum from existing byproduct.

7. Total Land areaThe total plot area is 3745.18 sq. m (0.925 Acres). Land documentis attached asAnnexure 1.

8. Greenbelt area

We are proposing to increase our greenbelt area from 597.40 Sq.m (15.95%) to1498.07 Sq.m (40%) by converting open area and rearranging facilities.Proposed Layout plan of the project site demarcated with greenbelt area isattached in Annexure-5.

9.Proposed productwith capacity

Existing 2 nos products retaining with 60 MT/Month and 1 by product 81MT/Month.

Newly proposed 10 nos products with 52.85 MT/Month.

Total 12 nos products with 112.85MT/Month.

By product retained: 1 no with 81 MT/Month.

10.Waterrequirement

The existing water requirement is 5 KLD.The total water requirement for the proposed project is 20 KLD.Fresh water requirement is 12.2 KLD.Source of water: Private tankers.

11.Waste water andmode of disposal

Description

Existing

(KLD)Proposed

(KLD)After Expansion

(KLD) Treatment Units

Domestic 1.6 0.8 2.4 Existing-Septic tankProposed- STP (3KLD)

IndustrialEffluent 0.5 5.5 6.0

Existing-SolarEvaporation pondProposed- MEE(10KLD)


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12. Power requirement

Details Existing Proposed AfterExpansion Source

PowerRequirement

(kVA)116.56 23.31 139.87 TANGEDCO

Backup-(kVA) 100 50 150 D.G. sets

Fire wood(MT/Month) 75 25 100 Local party

HSD(Lit/Month) 400 100 500 Authorized petrol

bunks

13.Manpower (Nos)

Description PermanentExisting 25

Proposed 10

Total 35

14. Air Pollution Sources

Source Existing

Proposed

Stackheight (m)

Pollution controlmeasures

Boiler (1 No) 0.75 - 20 StackReactor vessel

(10 Nos) 6* *4 10 Common scrubber withstack

D.G. set (1 No) 100* 200 4 (existing)9 (Proposed) Stack

*Note:1. After expansion 100 kVA DG will be replaced by 200 kVA DG whosefuel is 500 litres/month2. 6 No of reactors only operate at any point of time.


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Figure 1-1Project location Index map


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Figure 1-2Administraitve map of Study Area


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Figure 1-3Topo map of Study Area


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1.5.2 Need for the Project and its Importance to the Country/Region

The Indian pharmaceutical industry ranks third globally by volume of production and accounts

for around 10% of the global production. Low cost and skilled manpower are key factors

supporting growth of the Indian pharmaceutical industry. According to the Department of

Pharmaceuticals, the Indian pharmaceutical industry employees around 3,50,000 people.

Pharmaceuticals Industry in India is expected to be worth US$ 55.39 billion by 2020. Indian

pharmaceuticals market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 18% by 2020 driven by the ageing

and growing population, rising income levels, emerging medical conditions and new diseases.

The market for consumption of drugs and pharmaceuticals is ever increasing with human

population; societies that are acquiring phenomenal purchasing power and with it, the

consciousness and desire for an overall well-being, the production volume will be forced to keep

increasing.

The industry produces drugs belonging to all major therapeutic groups. In order to meet the

market demand, M/s. Sanskar Chemicals & Drugs Private Limited (SCDPL) proposes to expand

its existing production facility by adding new products.

1.6 Export Possibility

Indian pharmaceutical industry, with a current market size of approx. $27.57 billion is expected

to reach a mark of $55 billion by 2020 according to a report by the Indian Brand Equity

Foundation (IBEF). In the next three years, India is projected to be among the top three

pharmaceutical markets in terms of growth rate and the sixth largest market globally in absolute

size.

India accounts for 20% of the global exports in generics. In the financial year 2016, India

exported Pharmaceuticals products worth $16.89 billion, with the number expected to reach $40

billion by 2020.

1.7 EIA study

M/s. SCDPL as a part of the compliance to the regulatory requirement - to obtain Environmental

Clearance from MoEF& CC, has appointed Environmental Consultants accredited by National

Accreditation Board for Education and Training (NABET)-Quality Council of India (QCI), New

Delhi.


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The work of undertaking field studies and preparation of Form- 1, PFR, EIA/EMP report under

‘A’ category, has been assigned to M/S. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd. (HECS), Chennai

by the project proponent. M/s. HECS is accredited by the National Accreditation Board for

Education &Training (NABET), Quality Council of India for Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry

(Dyes & dye Intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic

rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical

intermediates) of Schedule 5 (f) vide Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA0083 valid upto

30thJune 2020.

1.8 EIA cost

EIA study was undertaken by HECS for an amount of Rs 8,40,000/ and additional work order of

Rs 2,00,000/- for field monitoring and analysis.

1.9 Scope of the study

The scope of the study is based on EIA notification 2006, APPENDIX III Generic Structure of

Environmental Impact Assessment Report. Work mentioned includes an assessment study of

proposed Expansion and Change in Product Mix and their impact on the region. This study puts

forward the most effective ways to protect the environment from increasing pollution caused by

the burgeoning industrial development and recommendations for environmental-friendly

development initiatives in the region. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an

assessment of the possible impact, whether positive or negative, that a proposed project may

have on the environment, together consisting of the natural, social and economic aspects, i.e.,

aiming at “Sustainable Development” due to the project activities.

This EIA report presents the existing baseline scenario and the assessment and evaluation of

the environmental impacts that may rise during the operational phase of the project. This report

also highlights the Environmental Monitoring Program during the construction and operation

phases of the project and the post project monitoring program along with Environmental

Management Plan to be adopted. In terms of the EIA Notification of the MoEF&CC dated 14th

September 2006 and subsequent amendments the generic structure of the EIA document will

be as under:


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Chapter 1: Introduction

Introductory information is presented in this Chapter. The introduction chapter provides

background to the project, project proponent and describes the objective of this document. The

purpose and organization of the report is also presented in this chapter.

Chapter 2: Project Description

This Chapter includes Project Description and Infrastructure Facilities delineating all the

industrial and environmental aspect of the industry of M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Pvt.

Limited operation phase activities as well as process details of proposed products.

Chapter 3: Description of the Environment

This Chapter provides baseline status of Environmental Components (Primary data) delineating

meteorological details of the project site and surrounding area.

Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

This Chapter presents the analysis of impacts on the environmental and social aspects of the

project as a result of establishment of plan and thereby suggesting the mitigation measures.

Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Sites)

This chapter includes the justification for the selection of the project site from Environmental

point of view as well as from economic point of view so that the technology will be affordable to

the member units of the industrial area.

Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Program

This chapter will include the technical aspects of monitoring, the effectiveness of mitigation

measures which will include the measurement methodologies, frequency, location, data

analysis, reporting schedules etc.

Chapter 7: Additional Studies

This chapter will detail about the Public Consultation sought regarding the project (if applicable).

It will also identify the risks of the Project in relation to the general public and the surrounding

environment during construction and operation phases of the plant and thereby presents


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Disaster Management Plan. Social impact assessment and R&R action plans and any other

studies carried out for the project as specified in the ToR.

Chapter 8: Project Benefits

This chapter deals with improvement in physical and social infrastructures, employment

potential and other tangible benefits.

Chapter 9: Environmental Management Plan

This is the key Chapter of the report and presents the mitigation plan, covers the institutional

and monitoring requirements to implement environmental mitigation measures and to assess

their adequacy during project implementation.

Chapter 10: Summary and Conclusion

This chapter summarizes the information given in Chapters in this EIA/EMP report and the

conclusion based on the environmental study, impact identification, mitigation measures and the

environmental management plan.

Chapter 11: Disclosure of the Consultant

Names of consultants engaged in the preparation of the EIA/EMP report along with their brief

resume and nature of Consultancy rendered are included in this Chapter.

1.10 Objectives of the Study

To ensure environmental considerations are explicitly addressed and incorporated into

the development decision-making process.

To anticipate and avoid, minimize or off-set the adverse significant biophysical, social

and other relevant effects of this project proposal.

To protect the productivity and capacity of natural systems and the ecological

processes which maintain their respective functions

To promote development that is sustainable and optimizes resource use as well as

management opportunities.

To fully recognize the scope and requirements of the ToR and comply with the same.

The major objective of this study is to prepare a detailed Environmental Impact

Assessment Study within the study area i.e 10 km radius from the project.


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1.11 Methodology adopted for the Study

An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible impact, whether

positive or negative, that a proposed project may have on the environment, together consisting

of the natural, social and economic aspects, i.e., aiming at “Sustainable Development” due to

the project activities.

1.12 Applicable Regulatory Framework

The EIA process followed for this EIA report is composed of the following stages:

1. Study of project information.

2. Screening & Scoping.

3. Environmental pre-feasibility study & application for approval of TOR.

4. Collection of detailed project management plan/report.

5. Baseline data collection.

6. Impact identification, Prediction & Evaluation.

7. Mitigation measures & delineation of EMP.

8. Risk assessment and safety & disaster management plan.

9. Review & Finalization of EIA Report based on the TOR requirements.

10. Conducting Public Hearing for the Project.

11. Submission of Final EIA report for implementation of mitigation measures & EMP as

well as necessary clearances from relevant Authority.

The following Acts and Rules are applicable to the proposed project:

The details of Acts and Rules with applicability to the proposed project are given inTable 1-5.

Table 1-5Applicable Acts and Rules

S. NoAct and Rules

applicablePurpose Objective Applicability

1.EIA Notification 2006and its amendments.

New projects,Expansionmodernization,change in productmix of the existingproject

Protection andImprovement of theEnvironment

As the proposal is for expansionand change in product mixscheduled under category 5(f)Environmental clearance fromMinistry of Environment, Forest &Climate Change is applicable.


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S. NoAct and Rules


2.

The Water(Prevention andControl of Pollution)Act, 1974 and itsamendments.

New projects,Expansionmodernization,change of productmix of the existingproject, Existingplants

Prevention, controland abatement ofwater pollution

Consent to Establish and Consentto Operate from State PollutionControl Board to be obtained forexpansion project

3.

The Air (Preventionand Control ofPollution) Act, 1981and its amendments.

New projects,Expansion/modernization,change of productmix of the existingproject, Existingindustries

Prevention, controland abatement of airpollution

Consent to Establish and Consentto Operate from State PollutionControl Board to be obtained forexpansion project.

4.

The Hazardous andother waste(Management,Handling andTransboundaryMovement Rules)2016 and itsamendments.

Management,Handling andTransboundaryMovement ofHazardous waste

Prevention, Controland abatement ofpollution

Hazardous waste Authorizationfrom State Pollution Control Boardto be obtained

5.The solid WasteManagement Rules,2016

Management ofsolid (non-hazardous) wasteas per theprovisions of theRule

Prevention control andresource conservation

Solid waste authorization fromSPCB. Proper collection,segregation and disposal as perRules


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S. NoAct and Rules


6.

The Environmental(Protection)Act,1986and its Amendments

New projects,Expansion/modernization change ofproduct mix of theexisting project,Existing industries

Protection andImprovement of theEnvironment

Environmental Standards asspecified are to be complied.Submission of EnvironmentStatement on yearly basis to PCB

7.The Noise Pollution(Regulation andControl) Rules, 2000


To protect the workersand public from noiserelated problems

Noise control measure.Comply with Noise standards andsubmission of monthly report toPCB

8.The Factories Act1948 and itsamendments.


Control of workplaceenvironment, andproviding for goodhealth and safety ofworkers

Factory License from Factoryinspectorate.

9.The Indian Boiler Act,1923


Boiler act contain thelaw related toregistration andinspection is steamboiler

The Act is applicable to all Boiler(Water tube and fire tube boilers)

10.The Central MotorVehicle Act, 1988


Check the pollutionload of vehicles insidethe plant

Adequate environmental measuresare put in place to check thevehicular emissions.


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S. NoAct and Rules


11.The Drugs andCosmetic Act, 1940


To Ensure that thedrugs and cosmeticssold in India are safe,effective and conformto state qualitystandards

The manufactured products wereas per the act and its regulations.

1.13 ToR ComplianceS. No Terms of Reference Compliance

A. Standard TOR1 Executive Summary Brief executive summary is given as Appendix 2.

2

Introduction

i. Details of the EIA Consultant including NABETaccreditation

M/s Hubert Enviro Care Systems Pvt. Ltd.,Chennai

NABET Accredited vide Certificate No.NABET/EIA/1619/RA0083 Valid up to 30.06.2020)

Details provided in Chapter 11.

ii. Information about the Project ProponentDetails provided in Chapter 1, Section 1.4.

iii. Importance and Benefits of the Project Details provided in Chapter 8.

3

Project Description

i. Cost of project and Time of completion Details given in Chapter 2, Section 2.5.

ii. Products with capacities for the proposed projectProducts with their capacities are given in Chapter1, section 1.1.

iii. If expansion project, details of existing productswith capacities and whether adequate land isavailable for expansion, reference of earlier EC ifany.

Products with their capacities are given in Chapter1, Table 1.1.

No additional land is required for the project as theproject involves addition of new products.

iv. List of Raw materials and their source with modeof transportation

List of raw materials and their source are providedin Annexure 8.

v. Other chemicals and materials required withquantities and storage capacities

Not applicable


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S. No Terms of Reference Compliance

vi. Details of emission, effluents, hazardous wastegeneration and their management

Details on emission & sources are provided inChapter 4, Section 4.3.3

Details on effluent generation are provided inChapter 2, section 2.14.5.

Details on Hazardous waste generation and theirmanagement are provided in Chapter 2, section2.11.5.

vii. Requirement of water, power, with source ofsupply, status of approval, water balance diagram,man-power requirement (regular and contract)

Water requirement details are given in Chapter 2,Section 2.11.2.

Power requirement details are given in Chapter 2,Section 2.11.3.

Man power requirement details are given inChapter 2, Section 2.11.4.

viii.Process description along with major equipmentsand machineries, process flow sheet (quantitative)from raw material to products to be provided

Detailed manufacturing process is given inAnnexure 9.

ix. Hazard identification and details of proposedsafety systems

Details given in Chapter 7, Section 7.6.

x. Expansion/ modernization proposals(a) Copy of all Environmental Clearance(s)

including amendments thereto obtaining forthe project from MoEF&CC/SEIAA shall beattached as an Annexure. A certified copy ofthe latest monitoring report of the Regionaloffice of the Ministry of Environment andForests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012on the status of compliance of conditionsstipulated in all existing environmentalclearances including Amendments shall beprovided. In addition status of compliance ofConsent to Operate for the ongoing existingoperation of the project from SPCB shall beattached with the EIA-EMP report

(b) In case the existing project has not obtainedenvironmental clearance, reasons for notobtaining the provisions of the EIAnotification 1994 and/or EIA notification 2006shall be provided. Copies of Consent toEstablish / No objection certificate andConsent to Operate (in case of unitsoperating in prior to EIA notification 2006,CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtainedfrom the SPCB shall be submitted. Furthercompliance report to the conditions of

Not applicable

Consent for establishment document is attachedas Annexure 4.

Existing consent orders is attached as Annexure3.

Chronology of project is detailed in Chapter-7,section 7.7


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Consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.

4

Site Details

i. Location of the project site covering village,Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, justification forselecting the site. Whether other sites wereconsidered

Project site location details are given in Chapter 2,Section 2.2.

ii. A Topo sheet of the study area of radius of10Km and site location on 1:50,000/ 1:25,000 scaleon an A3/A2 sheet (including al eco-sensitive areasand environmentally sensitive places)

Topo map of the study area is provided in Chapter3, section 3.5.5.

iii. Details w.r.t option analysis for selection of siteNo alternate site is considered for the proposedproject as the project involves expansion andchange in product mix only.

iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of thesite

Site co-ordinates are given in Chapter 1, Section1.5.1.

v. Google map Earth downloaded of the projectsite


vi. Layout maps including existing unit as wellas proposed unit indicating storage area, plantarea, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located withinan industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout ofIndustrial indicating location of unit within theIndustrial area/Estate.

Site layout plan is attached as Annexure 4.

vii. Photographs of the proposed and existing (ifapplicable) plant site, existing, show photographsof plantations/ greenbelt, in particular

Site photographs are given in Chapter 2,Section2.11.1, Figure 2-7.

viii. Land use break-up of total land of the projectsite (indicate and acquired), government/ private-agriculture, forest, wasteland, water bodies,settlements, etc shall be included (not required forindustrial area)

Land use break-up details are provided in Chapter2, Section 2.11.1.

ix. A list of major industries with name and typewithin the study area (10 km radius) shall beincorporated. Land use details of the study area)


x. Geological features and Geo-hydrologicalstatus of the study area shall be included.

Details given in Chapter 3, Section 3.5.8.

xi. Details of drainage of the project upto 5kmradius of the study area. If the site is within 1Kmradius of any major river, peak and lean seasonriver discharge as well as flood occurrencefrequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30years. Details of Flood Level of the project site andmaximum of Flood of the river shall also beprovided (mega green field projects)


xii. Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition isnot complete, stage of the acquisition process and Land deed letter for the project site is attached as


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expected time of complete procession of the land. Annexure 1.

xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line withstate Government policy

Not Applicable

5

Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable)

i. Permission and approvals for the use offorest land (forestry clearance), if any, andrecommendations of the State Forest Department (ifapplicable)

Not Applicable

ii. Land use map based on High resolutionsatellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed sitedelineating the forest land (in case of projectsinvolving forest land more than 40 Ha)

Not Applicable

iii. Status of application submitted for obtainingthe stage of Forest Clearance along with lateststatus shall be submitted

Not Applicable

iv. The projects to be located within 10 Km ofthe National parks, Sanctuaries, BiosphereReserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, theproject proponent shall submit the map dulyauthenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showingthese features vis-à-vis the project location and therecommendations or comments of the Chief WildlifeWarden-thereon.

Not Applicable

v. Wildlife Conservation Plan dulyauthenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of theState Government for conservation of schedule offauna, if any exists in the study area.

Not Applicable

vi. Copy of application submitted for clearanceunder the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 to theStanding Committee of the National Board forWildlife.

Not Applicable

6

Environmental Status

i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level atthe project site and site-specificmicrometeorological date using temperature,relative humidity, hourly wind speed and directionand rainfall


ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations forPM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parametersrelevant to the project shall be collected. Themonitoring stations shall be based on CPCBguidelines and take into account the pre-dominantwind direction, population zone, sensitivereceptors including reserved forests.


iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeksof all stations as per frequency given in the

Attached as Annexure 14.


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NAAQM notification of Nov. 2009 along with- min-max, average and 98% values for each of theAAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stationsshould be provided as an annexure to the EIAreport

iv. Surface water quality of nearby River (1000mupstream and downstream of discharge point)and other surface drains at eight locations as perCPCB/ MoEF&CC guidelines.


v. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch ofriver identified by the CPCB/MoEF& CC, if yesgive details

No polluted stretch of river identified nearby projectsite.

vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum 8 locationsshall be included


vii. Noise level monitoring at minimum 8 locationsshall be included


viii. Soil characteristics as per CPCB guidelines Details given in Chapter 3,Section 3.11.1.

ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles,frequency of vehicles for transportation ofmaterials, additional traffic due to proposedproject, parking arrangement etc.

Details given in Chapter 4, section 4.3.4.

x. Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrialand aquatic) existing in the study area shall begiven with special reference to rare, endemic andendangered species. If schedule-I fauna andfound within the study area, a WildlifeConservation plan shall be prepared andfurnished


xi. Socio-economic status of the study area Details given in Chapter 3, section 3.13.

7

Impact and Environmental Management Plan

i. Assessment of ground level concentration ofpollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In case theproject is located on a hilly terrain, AQIPmodeling shall be done using inputs of thespecific terrain characteristics for determiningthe potential impacts of the project on the AAQ.Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions(including transportation) on the AAQ of the areashall be assessed.



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ii. Details of the model used and the input dataused for modelling shall also be provided. Theair quality contours shall be plotted on a locationmap showing the location of the project site,habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any.


iii. Water quality modelling- in case of discharge inwater body

No effluents or liquid will be discharged outside thefacility.

iv. Impact of the transport of raw material, endproducts on the surrounding environment shallbe assessed and provided. In this regard,options for transport of raw materials andfinished products and wastes (large quantities)by rail or rail-cum road transport conveyor-cum-rail transport shall be examined.

Transport of raw materials and finished productsand wastes through road ways only.

v. A note on treatment of waste water from differentplant operations, extent recycled and reused fordifferent purposes shall be included. Completescheme of effluent treatment, characteristics ofuntreated and treated effluent to meet theprescribed standards of discharge under E(P)rules.

Waste water generation and mitigation measuresare given in Chapter 4, Section4.3.6.

vi. Details of stack emission and action plan forcontrol of emissions to meet standards.


vii. Measures for fugitive emission control Details given in Chapter 9, Section 9.4.1.

viii. Details of hazardous waste generation and theirstorage, utilization and management, Copies ofMOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardouswaste in cement plant also be included. EMPshall include the concept of waste-minimization,recycle/ reuse/recover techniques, Energyconservation, and natural resource conservation.

Details of Hazardous waste generation are given inChapter 2, Section 2.11.5. EMP for the same isdetailed in Chapter 9, section 9.4.5.

ix. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured asper Fly Ash notification, 2009. A detailed plan ofaction shall be provided.

Fly ash will be sold to brick manufacturers.Document for the same is attached as Annexure10.

x. Acton plan for the green belt development planin 33% area i.e., land with not less than 1500trees per Ha. Giving details of Species, width ofplantation, planning schedule etc. shall beincluded. The green belt shall be around theproject boundary and a scheme for greening ofthe roads used for the project shall also beincorporated.


xi. Action plan for rain water harvesting measuresat plant site shall be submitted to harvest


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rainwater from the roof tops and storm waterdrains to recharge the ground water and also touse for the various activities at the project site toconserve fresh water and reuse the waterrequirement from other sources.


xii. Total capital cost and recurring cost /annum forenvironmental pollution control measures shallbe included.


xiii. Action plan for Post-project environmentalmonitoring shall be submitted

Post project monitoring plan is given in Chapter 6,section 6.5.

xiv. Onsite and offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) preparedness and EmergencyManagement Plan including Risk Assessmentand damage control. Disaster Management Planshould be linked with District DisasterManagement Plan.

Details given in Chapter 7, section 7.4 & 7.5.

8

Occupational Health

1. Plan and fund allocation to ensure theoccupational health & safety of all contract andcasual workers

Expenditure towards OHS is attached asAnnexure 15.

2. Details of exposure specific health statusevaluation of worker. If the worker’s health isbeing evaluated by pre-designed format, chest x-rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Farand near vision, colour vision and any otherocular defect), ECG, during pre-placement andperiodical examinations give the details of thesame. Details regarding last month analyseddata of above mentioned parameters as per age,sex, duration of exposure and department wise.

Medical Health checkup reports enclosed asAnnexure 16.

3. Details of existing Occupational & SafetyHazards. What are the exposure levels ofhazards and whether they are PermissibleExposure level (PEL) if these are not within PEL,what measures the company has adopted tokeep them within PEL. So that health of theworkers can be preserved.

Details given in Chapter 9, Section 9.7

4. Annual report of health status of workers withspecial reference to Occupational Health andSafety

Medical Health checkup reports enclosed asAnnexure 16.

9

Corporate Environment Policy

Does the company have a well laid downEnvironmental Policy approved by its Board ofDirectors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIAreport

M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs private limitedwill adhere to the Safety, Health and Environmentpolicy and place it at appropriate places in thefactory premises and record. Details provided in


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Chapter 9, Section 9.3.1, Figure 9-2.

Does the Environment Policy prescribe forstandard operating process/ procedures to bringinto focus any infringement/ deviation/ violationof the environemnt or forest norms/ conditions?If so, it may be detailed in the EIA

M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs private limitedwill adhere to the Safety, Health and Environmentpolicy and place it at appropriate places in thefactory premises and record. Details provided inChapter 9, Section 9.3.1, Figure 9-2.

A dedicated Environmental Management Cell(EMC) will be in force to bring into focus of anyinfringement/ deviation/ violation of theenvironemnt. Details provided in Chapter 9 andSection 9.3.

What is the hierarchical system or Administrativeorder of the company to deal with theenvironemntsl issues and for ensuringcompliance with the environmental clearanceconditions? Details of this system may be given.

Reporting mechanism detailed in Chapter-9,Section 9.3, Figure 9-1 and Table 9-1.

Does the company have system of reporting ofnon-compliances/ violations of environemntalnorms to the Board of Directors of the companyand/or Stakeholders or stakeholders at large?This reporting mechanism shall be detailed inthe EIA report

Reporting mechanism detailed in Chapter-9,Section 9.3, Figure 9-1 and Table 9-1.

10

Details regarding infrastructure facilities such assanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to thelabour force during construction as well as to thecasual workers including truck drivers duringoperation phase.

Site layout indicating all the facilities is enclosed asAnnexure 4.

11

Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)

i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5% of the projectcost) shall be earmarked towards the EnterpriseSocial Commitment based on public Hearingissues and item-wise details along with thebound action plan shall be included. Socio-Economic development activities need to beelaborated upon.

CER activities shown in Chapter 9, Section 9.9,Table 9-4.

12

Any litigation pending against the project and/ or anydirection/ order passed by any Court of Law againstthe project, if so, details thereof shall also beincluded. Has the unit received any notice under thesection 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 orrelevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, detailsthereof and compliance /ATR to the notice(s) andpresent status of the case.

Not Applicable


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13 A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance ofabove TOR

Point wise ToR compliance is provided in Chapter1, Section 1.13.

B. Specific Terms of Reference for EIA studies for Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry (Dyes & DyeIntermediates; Bulk Drugs and Intermediates Excluding Drug Formulations; Synthetic Rubbers; BasicOrganic Chemicals, Other Synthetic Organic Chemicals and Chemical Intermediates)

1 Details on solvents to be used, measures for solventrecovery and for emissions control.

Details of solvent to be used are given in Chapter2, section 2.9.1 and Annexure 8.

2 Details of process emissions from the proposed unitand its arrangement to control Details given in Chapter 9, section 9.4.1.

3Ambient air quality data should include VOC, otherprocess specific pollutants like NH3, Chlorine, HCl,HBr, H2S, HF, etc., (as applicable)

Details provided in the Chapter 3, Section 3.7.1.

4 Work zone monitoring arrangements for hazardouschemicals Details given in Chapter 9, section 9.6.

5Detailed effluent treatment scheme includingsegregation of effluent streams for units adopting‘Zero ‘Liquid discharge.

Detailed effluent treatment scheme includingsegregation of effluents is provided in Chapter 2,Section 2.14.5.

6 Action Plan for odour control to be submitted Details provided in Chapter 9, section9.4.1.

7A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signedwith cement manufacturers indicating clearly that theyco-process organic solid/hazardous waste generated

NA

8Authorization/Membership for the disposal of liquideffluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF,if any

Hazardous waste authorization letter is attachedas Annexure 12.

9 Action plan for utilization of MEE/dryers salts. MEE salts will be disposed off to TSDF as thisbeing Hazardous waste.

10 Material safety data sheet for all the chemicals beingused/will be used

MSDS of raw materials and products is attachedas Annexure 6 and Annexure 7.

11 Details of incinerator if to be installed. No incineration activity in the facility

12Risk assessment for storage and handling ofhazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan forhandling & safety system to be incorporated NA

13 Arrangements for ensuring health and safety ofworkers engaged in handling of toxic materials Details given in Chapter 9, section 9.7.


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CHAPTER 2PROJECT DESCRIPTION


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2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Type of Project

M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and drugs Private Limited (SCDPL) is an existing manufacturing unit

involved in the manufacturing of Synthetic Organic Chemicals and Drugs. SCDPL is currently

manufacturing 5 products with the production capacity of 250 MT/Month, 2 by-products with a

capacity 141MT/Month. SCDPL proposes 10 new products with the production capacity of 52.85

MT/Month. After expansion, SCDPL will produce 12 products with the capacity of 112.85

MT/Month (5 existing and 10 new products) and one by-product with capacity 81 MT/Month.

The existing and proposed products details are provided in Table 1-1.

The industry produces drugs belonging to all major therapeutic groups. In order to meet the

market demand, M/s. Sanskar Chemicals & Drugs Private Limited proposes to expand its

existing production facility by adding new products.

2.2 Site location

The project site is situated at survey no. 457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C (part)

Ammoor village, 12/5 (Part) Chettithangal village, Walajah Taluka, Vellore district, Tamil Nadu.

The project site falls in the 57O/8, 57P/1 and 57P/5 of SOI topo sheet and lies between the

latitude 12057’48.47” N to 12057’52.05”N and longitude 79020’32.69”E to 79020’34.55”E

The Environmental sensitive areas demarcated in Figure 2-1 with distance within 15km radius

of the project boundary. The Google satellite imageries around project site, 10km, 5km and 1km

radius around the project area are appended in Figure 2-2, Figure 2-3, Figure 2-4 and Figure2-5.


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Figure 2-1 Environmental Sensitive areas within 15 km radius of the project site


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Figure 2-2 Satellite Imagery of the project site


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Figure 2-3 Satellite Imagery of 10 km radius from the project site


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Figure 2-4 Satellite Imagery of 5 km radius from the project site


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Figure 2-5 Satellite imagery of 1 km radius from the project site


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2.3 Existing Environmental setup

The list of existing industries within 10 km radius of the project site is given in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1List of Industries within 10km radius from the project site

S.No Name Distance inKm Direction

1 Sundaram Industries 2.01 SW

2 Stahl India Ranipet 2.6 WSW

3 Indira Industries 2.65 WSW

4 Greenland packing industries 2.94 SW

5 Ultramarine & Pigments Ltd 3.04 WSW

6 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 3.05 W

7 SNAP Industries 3.12 W

8 Kas Industries India Private Limited 3.25 S

9 Thirumalai Chemicals Ltd 3.29 WSW

10 Pan-tec Precision Engineering 4.01 S

11 Balaji Oil industries (P) Ltd 4.1 W

12 Bluebird overseas Pvt. Limited 4.59 W

13 SS packing Industries 5.04 SSE

14 G.K. Wood Industry 5.13 SSE

15 Kumar Engineering works 5.91 SSE

Nearest Human Settlement: The nearest human settlement from the project site is provided in

Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 Nearest Human settlement

S. No Name Distance in Km Direction Population (Census 2011)1 Chettithangal 1.3 SW 77802 Vanapadi 1.48 WSW 53343 Manthangal 1.8 SSW 29054 Ammoor 2.74 NE 125135 Ranipettai 3.67 SSW 507646 Velam 3.97 NE 62477 Pinji 4.6 S 902


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8 Kalmelkuppam 4.69 NNW 52039 Lalapettai 5.22 NW 4264

10 Maniyambattu 7.22 SW 5258

2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation

SCDPL is currently manufacturing 5 products with a capacity of 250 MT/Month, 2 by-

products with capacity 141 MT/Month.

Addition of 10 new products with a capacity of 52.7 MT/Month.

Dropping the production of 3 products and one byproduct.

After Expansion, SCDPL will produce 12 products with a capacity of 112.85 and one by-

product with capacity 81 MT/Month.

2.5 Proposed Schedule for Approval & Implementation

The time schedule for the completion of proposed expansion project is given in Table 2-3.

Table 2-3 Time schedule for completion of project

Particulars Time scheduleObtaining ToR Dec 2018

Obtaining Environmental Clearance July 2020

Obtaining Consent for Establishment October 2020

Erection and installation of machinery January 2021

Manufacturing of new products February 2021

2.6 Technology & Process Description

2.6.1 Process DescriptionThis section deals with raw materials requirement, process, material balance and solvent

recovery etc. The Manufacturing process for each product and its material balance is given in

Annexure 9.

2.6.2 Products Manufactured

The products manufactured within the existing facility and the proposed product details are

given in Table 2-4.


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Table 2-4 Existing and Proposed products with capacity

S. No ProductsQuantity (MT/Month)

Total quantity afterexpansionExisting Products

ProposedProducts

1. Poly Allamine Hydrochloride 20 Retained 20

2. Isopropanol Hydrochloride 40 Retained 40

3. Non ferric alum 90 Dropped 0

4. Basic chromium Sulphate 90 Dropped 0

5. Spent caustic lye solution 10 Dropped 0

6. Linagliptin - 0.15 0.15

7. Vildagliptin - 1.5 1.5

8. Trityl olmesartanmedoximal - 2 2

9. Allyl Isopropyl acetyl urea - 5 5

10. Diacerine - 0.2 0.2

11. Sitagliptin - 1 1

12. Lexoprofen - 2 2

13. Isopropyl bromide - 10 10

14. Allylbromide - 6 6

15. Hydrogen Bromide - 25 25


1 Spent Sulphuric acid 81 Retained 812 Gypsum 60 dropped -

Total 141 - 81

Note: 1. As per Consent to Operate(renewal) order no:

F.o.0190VLR/RS/DEE/TNPCB/VLR/W/2017 dated 29.06.2017 for 5 products with total capacity of

250 MT/month and 2 by products of capacity 141 MT/month which is valid upto 31.03.2020 and

renewal application is under progress.

2.Non ferric alum, Basic chromium Sulphate and Spent caustic lye solution are droppedfrom the existing product and Gypsum from existing by-product.


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2.6.3 Detailed Manufacturing process description

The detailed Manufacturing process description along with material balance is attached as

Annexure 9.

2.7 Raw material requirement

Various raw materials will be required for the manufacturing of the proposed products. Adequate

storage facilities with optimum inventories are provided for the raw materials and products. List

of raw materials and storage details are given in Table 2-5.Table 2-5 Raw materials and storage details

S No Raw material Quantity(kg/month) Physical status Storage1. Xanthan moiety 91 solid HDPE carboy2. 2-(chloro methyl)-4methyl quinazoline 59 solid HDPE carboy3. Sodium carbonate 250 solid Bag4. N-methyl pyrrolidine 227 solid HDPE carboy5. Acetone 12000 liquid Barrels6. Boc-(R) -3-amino piperdine 57 solid HDPE carboy7. Potassium carbonate 1000 solid bag8. L-Proline 1101 solid HDPE barrels9. Oxolyl chloride 1216 solid HDPE carboy

10. DMF 2000 liquid HDPE barrels11. MDC 4000 liquid HDPE barrels12. Ammonia solution 200 liquid HDPE carboy13. Sodium bi carbonate 200 solid Bags14. Hexane 2000 liquid MS barrels15. Chloro acetyl chloride 511 liquid HDPE barrels16. TEA 1500 liquid HDPE barrels17. Iso propanol 12000 liquid HDPE barrels18. Trifluro acetic acid 540 liquid HDPE barrels19. P2O5 308 solid HDPE carboy20. Potassium carbonate 1000 solid bag21. THF 4000 liquid MS barrels22. Ethyl acetate 6000 liquid HDPE barrels

23. 3-Aminotricycle(3.3.1.1) decan1-ol 540 solid HDPE carboy

24. Imidazole Ester 930 solid PP carboy25. TTBB 2419 solid PP carboy26. KOH 419 solid HDPE carboy27. Sodium chloride 500 solid Bags28. Potassium iodide 140 solid HDPE carboy29. Chloro compound 763 liquid MS rubber lined carboy30. Activate carbon 5 solid Bags31. Sodium sulphate 50 solid Bags32. Hyflow 25 solid Bags33. Dimethyl malonate 7500 liquid HDPE barrels


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34. Isopropyl Bromide 10000 liquid HDPE barrels35. Sodium methoxide 7000 solid HDPE carboy36. Sodium Hydride 1000 solid MS barrels37. Allyl bromide 6000 solid HDPE barrels38. DMSO 5000 liquid HDPE barrels39. THF 4000 liquid MS barrels40. Ethyl acetate 6000 liquid HDPE barrels41. Aloe emodine 536 solid PP carboy42. Acetic anhydride 89 solid PP carboy43. Sulphuric acid 25000 liquid MS tank44. Chromic acid 79 solid Bags45. Dimethyl acetamide 1421 solid Bags46. 2-Phenyl propanoic acid 1429 liquid HDPE barrels47. Bromo sulphonic acid 286 solid Bags48. Formaldehyde 286 liquid HDPE barrels49. Methyl 2oxocyclopentane carboxylate 1157 solid Bags50. Toluene 6000 liquid MS barrels51. Urea 500 solid Bags52. Ethanol 714 liquid HDPE barrels53. Sodium boro hydrate 47 solid Bags54. Acetic acid 579 liquid HDPE barrels55. NaOH 46 liquid MS barrels56. Mandalic acid 277 solid Bags57. Phosphoric acid 44 liquid HDPE barrels58. HBr solution (48%) 14000 liquid HDPE barrels59. Allyl alcohol 2900 liquid HDPE barrels60. Sodium Bromide 32000 solid Bags61. Ethanol 714 liquid HDPE barrels62. Isopropyl ether 2857 liquid HDPE barrels63. 2,4,5-trifluro phenyl acetic acid 579 liquid HDPE barrels64. Thionyl chloride 300 liquid GI Barrels65. Meldrum acid 459 solid Bags66. Side chine 510 solid Bags67. Methane sulphonic acid 30 solid Bags68. Ammonium acetate 48 liquid HDEP barrels

2.7.1 Source of supply of Raw material & marketing area of final products

The raw materials are obtained from local suppliers and mode of transportation by road.

2.8 Storage facility for Raw Material and Products

Adequate storage facilities with optimum inventories are provided for the raw material and

products.


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2.9 Resource Optimization/Recycling and Re-Use Envisaged in the Industry

2.9.1 Solvent Recovery & Re-Use

Solvents play an essential role in chemical processing for controlling the reaction rate,

facilitating heat and mass transfer and enabling product separation and purification, which

cannot be replaced easily with other alternatives. Various Chemicals are proposed to be used

during the process of manufacture of the proposed products. There is no recovery or recycling

process involved.Table 2-6 Details of solvents

S. No Raw material Unit Physical/chemicalproperties Storage Quantity

1 Iso propanol kg /month Liquid Drums 180002 Acetone kg/Month. Liquid Ppfrp tank 120003 Methyline Di chloride kg/month Liquid Ms tank 13000

4 Methyl iso butylketone kg/month Liquid Barrels 3000

5 Methanol lit/month Liquid Barrels 50006 Di methyl Sulpoxide kg/month Liquid Barrels 12007 THF kg/month Liquid SS tank 70008 Hexane kg/month Liquid Barrels 50009 Sodium methoxide Kg/month Liquid Barrels 3000

2.10 Project description including Drawings showing Project Layout,Components of project

2.10.1 Project layout, components of projectThe total land area is 3745.18 sq. meters. Land document is attached as Annexure 1. We are

proposing to increase our greenbelt area from 597.40 Sq.m (15.95%) to 1498.07 Sq.m (40%) by

converting open area and rearranging facilities. The project site layout plan demarcating various

units within the plant and the boundaries with land use pattern is appended in Figure 2-6&Annexure 4. Site photograph are appended in Figure 2-7.


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Figure 2-6 Site Layout


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Figure 2-7 Site Photographs

Solvent StorageGodown

Boiler House Boiler Fuel Area

Reactors Reactors Entrance

23.12.19 23.12.19

23.12.19 23.12.19 23.12.19

23.12.19


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Figure 2-8 Green belt Photographs

2.11 Resource requirement

2.11.1 Land requirement and Land use planning

The total land area is 3745.18 sq. meters. The land area breakup details are provided in Table2-7.We are proposing to increase our greenbelt area from 597.40 Sq.m (15.95%) to 1498.07

Sq.m (40%) by converting open area and rearranging facilities.

Table 2-7Land Area Break up details

S. No Description Area (sq.m)Existing Proposed Total %

1 Building, storage and facility 1149.17 694.94 1844.11 49.24

2 Open area 1728.63 -1728.63 0 0.00

3 Green belt area 597.4 900.67 1498.07 40.00

4 Road and pavements 269.98 133.02 403 10.76

Total land area 3745.18 0 3745.18 100

23.12.19


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2.11.2 Water requirement

The existing water requirement is 5 KLD. The total water requirement for proposed project is 20

KLD. Fresh water requirement is 12.2 KLD. Recycled water is 7.8 KLD. The water requirement

will be met from private tankers. Water requirement breakup is provided in Table 2-8. Water

balance chart for existing and proposed quantities are provided in Figure 2-9andFigure 2-10.

Table 2-8Water requirement Breakup for Existing and Proposed

S. No Description Existing (KLD) Proposed (KLD) After Expansion(KLD)

Total Loss Total Loss Total Loss1 Cooling Tower 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 3.5 32 Domestic usage 2 0.4 1 0.2 3 0.63 Process 1 - 4 1 5 14 Boiler - - 3 2.5 3 2.55 Green belt - - 4 - 4 -6 Washing - - 1.5 0.5 1.5 0.5

Total 5 1.9 15 5.7 20 7.6

Figure 2-9 Water balance chart for existing facility


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Figure 2-10 Water balance chart for the proposed expansion

Proposed STP and MEE specification is attached in Annexure-17.


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2.11.3 Power and Fuel requirement

The existing power requirement is 116.56 kVA. The Power supply is from TANGEDCO. DG set

is used as an alternate source of power during power failure. Diesel and Fire wood are the

major fuels for Existing and Proposed expansion facility. The details of power and fuel

requirement are given in Table 2-9.Table 2-9Power and Fuel requirement details

Details UnitPower requirement Total after

ExpansionSource

Existing ProposedPower Requirement kVA 116.56 23.31 139.87 TANGEDCO

Backup (DG ) kVA 100* 200 200 D.G. set

Diesel (0.4) Lit/Month 400 100 500Authorized

petrol bunks

Boiler TPH 0.75 - 0.75 Firewood

Fire wood MT/Month 75 - 75 Local party

*Note: 1. After expansion 100 kVA DG will be replaced by 200 kVA DG whose fuel is 500 litres/month2. Boiler capacity is 0.75 TPH (Form-1 only - 1 number is mentioned)

2.11.4 Manpower requirement

The proposed project will generate employment opportunities to the local population. At present

25 persons are employed in the industry. After expansion 10 more persons will be employed.

The Manpower details are provided in Table 2-10.

Table 2-10Man power requirement

Description PermanentExisting 25

Proposed 10

Total after expansion 35

2.11.5 Solid and Hazardous waste management

2.11.5.1 Solid waste managementSolid waste generation during the operation phase is summarized in Table 2-11. Ash Utilization

letter attached as Annexure 10.


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Table 2-11Solid Waste Generation and Management

S.No Waste

Quantity Total afterexpansion

(kg/day)Collection

methodTreatment / disposal

methodExisting Proposed

1 Organic(kg/day) 6.75 2.7 9.45 Bins Local bin including

food waste

2 Inorganic(kg/day) 4.5 1.8 6.3 Bins TNPCB Authorized

dealers

3Ash fromFire wood(kg/Month)

1500 1750 3250 Bins Sold to brickmanufacturer

Note: Manpower- Existing: 25 Nos, proposed: 10; total: 35

As per CPCB guidelines: MSW per capita/day =0.45

2.11.5.2 Hazardous waste management

The Hazardous wastes will be stored in isolated area above concrete platform under roofed

shed. These wastes will be segregated & stored and will be disposed to TNPCB authorized

dealers/recycler/TSDF within a stipulated period of time (90 days).

Hazardous waste materials will be properly disposed as per the Hazardous and Other wastes

(Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules 2016. Agreement will be made

with TSDF approved dealers for safe disposal of hazardous wastes. Hazardous waste

authorization letter for spent catalyst, Chromium and Chromium (III) is attached as

Annexure12. The type of hazardous waste and the quantity generated are detailed in Table2-12.

Table 2-12Hazardous Waste generation and Management

S No. Schedule Type of the Hazardous wasteQuantity After

expansionMode ofDisposalExisting Proposed

1. 33.1

Discarded containers/barrels/liners contaminated withhazardous wastes / chemicals(kg/month)

- 40 40

Will bedisposed toTNPCBauthorizedrecyclers

2. 17.2 Spent catalyst (T/Annum) 972 - 972

3. A4

Chromium and/or Chromium (III)compounds concentration limitequal to (or) more than 5mg/l(T/Annum)

4320 - 4320

4. 5.1 Spent oil (T/Annum) - 60 60


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5. 35.3 MEE salts (Kg/hr) - 20 20 TSDF

Note:Chromium and/or Chromium (III) compounds are not currently used due to market scenario.

2.12 Infrastructure facilities

During operation phase, the office room, rest room and canteen are being provided to the

employees for existing and the site layout is enclosed as Annexure 4.

2.13 Machinery & Equipment Details

The Plant Facilities have been designed and set up with the objective to carry out almost all

chemical reactions and processes. As the proposed project will be carried out in the existing

premises, the existing infrastructure facilities will also be utilized with the addition of some new

machinery and utilities for the proposed project. The list of machinery &equipments of existing &

proposed expansion are provided in Table 2-13.

Table 2-13 List of Machineries &Equipment

S. NoDescription of Main

MachineriesCapacity

QuantityTotal

Existing Proposed

1. SS reactor3.2 KL, 1.2 KL, 2KL,2 KL, 6KL, 2 KL, 3.2KL, 3.5 KL, 5 KL

6 3 9

2. GL Reactor 3 KL - 1 1

3. Cooling tower 3.1 KLD 2 - 2

4. Chilling plant 39 TR 1 1 2

5. SS dryer 48 trays - 48 trays 48 trays

6. SS dryer 96 trays - 96 trays 96 trays

7. Boiler 750 kg/hr 1 - 750 kg/hr

2.14 Description of Mitigation Measures Incorporated Into the Project to Meet theEnvironmental Standards

Construction PhaseImpact assessment during the construction phase of the project is of importance as the

construction activities lead to adverse effects on the environment on a short term basis. The

major activities that are undertaken during this phase are civil works, mechanical works,

machinery works and transportation works.


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During the construction phase, the following activities among many are considered to be

important towards creating environmental impacts:

Site preparation (fencing, boundary & clearing of site).

Excavation, backfilling and leveling.

Hauling and dumping of earth materials & construction spoils.

Foundation works.

Fabrication erection of Steel structures such as, tanks, pipelines and sheds.

Construction of internal roads, drains & water supply.

Painting and finishing.

Cleaning, landscaping and plantations.

Operation PhaseFrom an environmental perspective, this phase is of paramount significance due to its potential

to invoke long-term impacts. The adverse effects that are likely to occur during this operational

phase of the project are: Air Pollution (gaseous emissions), Effluent generation, Noise

generation, Solid waste generation etc.

2.14.1 Land environmentImpactsThe activities carried out during the construction phase will involve a change in the land use,

which will pose the following impacts on the land environment.

Compaction of soil and a change in the soil structure due to the use of heavy construction

vehicles and machineries.

Removal of soil from the site.

Mixing of the topsoil and subsoil.

Dispersion of dust.

Mitigation measures

Employing techniques such as restricting access during wet conditions, using protective

boarding and low ground pressure machineries to minimize compaction of soil.

The removed soil will be properly stored for subsequent reinstatement.

Reuse of excess excavated material for road development, green belt development and

landscaping.

A well-designed closed depository for storage of construction materials to prevent

land/soil pollution.


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Effective stabilization of altered landforms to minimize soil erosion and the potential for

water pollution (e.g. Vegetation).

Reuse of construction wastes such as sand, brick, gravel, cement for developing internal

road and project structures.

2.14.2 Soil contamination

Impacts

Potential impacts on land environment due to hazardous and Municipal Solid Wastes

generation from various operations in the project site.

Sludge generation during production process, chemical waste including toxic waste,

discarded containers/ Barrels/ Liners contaminated with Hazardous wastes/ chemical,

spent catalyst, spent oil, Sludge from ETP are the source of hazardous waste. Poor

management of such materials/wastes from the operations is a potential risk of soil

contamination.

Mitigation measures

Good housekeeping and best practices of waste handling will be adopted to

eliminate/minimize the risks of soil contamination.

The wastes generated will be stored in temporary storage facility and transferred to

nearby Recycling facility or Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF).

Waste minimization techniques will be adopted in order to minimize the generation of

wastes.

2.14.3 Air Environment

Impact

HSD is used as a fuel for D. G. sets. D.G. set (200 kVA) is kept as stand by and used in

case of power failure only. D. G. set will emit pollutants, principally NOx, SO2 and PM.

Fire wood is used as a fuel for Boiler (0.75 TPH)

Vehicles used for transport of material will also contribute to the air emissions.

Mitigation Measures

The D.G. Sets will be provided with a stack height of 9m (proposed) to allow dispersion

of the pollutants.


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D. G. Sets will be properly maintained so that emissions will be under statutory limits.

Emissions from the DGs will be analyzed for their impacts on the GLC for various

distances.

Boiler will be provided with a stack height 20m to control pollutants.

Most vehicles used will be PUC certified hence the effect will be reduced to some extent.

2.14.4 Noise environment

Impacts

Noise generation sources during operation phase are classified into two categories:

A. Stationary sources due to operation of heavy duty machineries at the project

site like Boilers, DG sets, Cooling towers, boiler feed water Pumps etc.

B. Mobile sources corresponding to mainly vehicular traffic for staff mobilization,

materials, material transportation, liquid fuel transportation to project site, etc.

Vibrations are expected to be generated by various activities associated with the

proposed project during operational phase.

The impact of vibrations beyond the site would be negligible during normal operation

phase.

However, the impacts on workers engaged in the plant area would be considerable due

to occupational exposure.

Mitigation measures

The major noise generating equipments like DG sets, Boiler Feed water pumps etc.

will be enclosed in an acoustic enclosure designed for an insertion loss of 25 dB (A)

and silencers to other equipments.

Major noise generating equipment will be designed with 85 dB (A) ensuring cumulative

noise at 1.0 m remains at 85 dB (A).

The occupational noise exposure to the workers in the form of eight hourly time

weighted average will be maintained well within the prescribed Occupational Safety

and Health Administration (OSHA) standard limits.

Acoustic silencers will be provided in equipment wherever necessary.

Use of personal protective equipments/devices such as ear-muffs, ear plugs etc. will

be strictly enforced for the workers engaged in high noise areas.


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Periodic maintenance of the equipment to be used in the developmental works will be

carried out. Worn out parts will be replaced and rotating parts will be lubricated to

minimize noise emissions.

Implementation of greenbelt for noise attenuation will be undertaken: shrub plantation;

landscaping with horticulture; and tree plantation at vehicle parking areas and along

approach roads.

Ambient noise levels will be monitored at regular intervals during operational phase of

the project.

Vibration generating sources and their platforms should be maintained properly to

minimize vibrations and related impacts.

2.14.5 Water Environment

2.14.5.1 Existing water resources

Impacts

The sewage generation from the existing unit is 1.6 KLD going through Septic tank.

After expansion, total sewage generation will be 2.4 KLD and it will be treated through 3

KLD STP. Treated water will be reused for gardening.

Presently, the effluent generation from the existing industrial activities like process,

cooling tower and boiler feed is 0.5 KLD. It is put in Solar evaporation pond.

Total industrial effluent generation after the proposed expansion will be 6 KLD and same

will be treated through MEE (10 KLD). MEE permeate will be resued for cooling tower,

washing and other utilities. MEE condensate will go through AFTD and salt will be

disposed through TSDF.Thus Zero liquid discharge will be accomplished.

ZLD outlet will be connected through online sensors -pH, conducitivity, BOD and COD

along with effluent inlet and outlet online flow meters.

Mitigation Measures

Existing and Proposed Water balance diagram are given in Figure 2-9 and Figure 2-10and proposed zero liquid discharge is shown.

The effluent generated from the process, Boiler, Cooling Tower and washing will be

treated in MEE.

The condensate from the MEE will be reused in the manufacturing process. Hence, the

unit will maintain “Zero Liquid Discharge” after proposed expansion.

Sewage will be treated in STP and recycled for green belt development.


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On implementation of above, there will be no outfall of waste water.

2.14.5.2 Surface water bodies

Impact

Roof top Rainwater harvesting system with recharge pits (4 Nos) are available which is

shown in Figure 9-3.

The existing Miscellaneous spillage of Chemicals during rain fall can be collected in to

Storage tank which is transferred to Solar evaporation pan. After EC this Miscellaneous

Spillage of Chemicals during rain fall atmosphere can be collected to Storage tank which

is transferred to MEE and excess runoff send to harvesting pits.

The above control any contamination in surface drainage due to operation of project

could collapse the system and will have serious impacts to the water resources

especially the availability of potable water in the PIA area.

The impacts will be high in the core area especially the 1.0 km radius area. Therefore,

the efficiency of the Zero waste discharge will be ensured with proper regulatory and

institutional arrangements.

Mitigation MeasuresThe following measures are proposed as a part of development to improve the ground water

scenario and also to ensure that ground water is not contaminated.

Strategic plans such as implementing the following structures for rainwater harvesting and

groundwater recharging purposes in project site will be adhered.

The existing Miscellaneous spillage of Chemicals during rain fall can be collected in to

Storage tank which is transferred to Solar evaporation pan. After EC this

Miscellaneous Spillage of Chemicals during rain fall atmosphere can be collected to

Storage tank which is transferred to MEE and excess runoff send to harvesting pits.

Excess runoff connected through external drain after proper monitoring with online

sensors- pH, conductivity, BOD and COD.

2.14.6 Biological Environment

Impacts on migratory paths for wildlife and forest blocks

There are no identified migratory paths for major and minor wildlife in the project site and the

study area. The identified fauna which are observed at the project site and in the study area are


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local species only. Therefore, the proposed project operations are not likely to have any adverse

impact on the paths for avid-fauna.

Mitigation Measures

Discharge of wastes/wastewater without treatment into the water bodies during the

operation phase would not be allowed.

Awareness will be given to workers about the importance and conservation of

terrestrial ecology and biodiversity.

2.14.7 Solid waste management

Impacts due to Solid waste generation

Solid waste are likely to be generated which can be broadly categorized as Hazardous

Waste and Municipal Solid Waste.

Further, the generated Municipal Solid waste includes Biodegradable, Recyclable and

Inert compounds are disposed as per Table 2-11.

Hazardous waste generation and their disposal methods are given in Table 2-12.

As seen above the impacts are minimized and controlled without affecting the local

environment.

2.14.7.1 Solid waste management

Strict guidelines will be put in place in order to manage the solid waste generation during the

operational phase of the development. The main goals of the guidelines will be to ensure

adopting recycling techniques and encouraging sorting of solid waste at source into organic and

inorganic wastes. Waste management is given in Figure 2-11.


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Figure 2-11 Waste Management Concept

2.15 Project Cost

Total Capital Cost of the proposed project is Rs. 4.25 Crores.


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CHAPTER 3BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS


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3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Preamble

This chapter depicts the establishment of baseline for valued environmental components, as

identified in and around the proposed project with an area 0.925 Acres (0.3745 Ha) located at

Survey No 457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C (Part) Ammoor village, 12/5 (Part)

Chettithangal village, Walajah Taluka, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu. The primary baseline data

monitored covered three (3) months i.e., from Mid-January – End April 2019, and secondary

data was collected from published data. The primary baseline data was generated by M/s.

Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd, Chennai, a MoEF&CC approved & NABL Certified

Environmental Testing Laboratory for the following Terrestrial environmental components.

Meteorology: Temperature, Relative Humidity, Rainfall, Wind Speed & Direction-

Section: 3.6.2

Ambient Air Quality: Particulate matter <10 micron size (PM10), Particulate matter <2.5

micron size (PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Monoxide

(CO), Lead (Pb), Ozone (O3), Benzene (C6H6), Benzo (a) Pyrene (C20H12), Arsenic (As),

Nickel (Ni), Ammonia (NH3), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)- Section: 3.8.2.

Ambient Noise Levels: Day equivalent noise levels, Night equivalent noise levels -

Section: 3.9

Inland Water Quality: Groundwater Quality, Surface Water Quality- Section: 3.10.3 &3.10.1

Soil Quality- Section:3.11

Ecology- Section:3.12

Socio economic status- Section: 3.13

3.2 Study area

A 10Km radial distance, with the project site as the epicenter has been identified as the general

study area/ Project Influence Area (PIA) for assessing the baseline environmental status. The

core study area is the project area and its immediate surroundings to the tune of 1.0 Km radius

from the boundary. Further the Project Impact/Influence Area (PIA) is 10Km from the boundary

of the core area.


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3.3 Description of the study area

As described in Chapter 1, M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Private Limited is situated at

survey no 456/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C (part) Ammoor village, 12/5 (part) Chettithangal

village, Walajah Taluka, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu. The project site is ~3.07 km away from the

NH4 towards SW direction and ~3.03 km away from SH124A towards SW direction. The co-

ordinates of the plant area is 12057’48.47” N to 12057’52.05”N and longitude 79020’32.69”E to

79020’34.55”E.An overall idea of the study area with reference to the physical conditions are

presented for better understanding in the following sections before proceeding into the section

on the prevailing environmental conditions of the study area. Figure 3-1shows the Satellite

image of the study area of project.


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Figure 3-1 Satellite Image of the study area of the project


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3.4 Environmentally/Ecologically Sensitive Areas

The environmentally sensitive areas covering an aerial distance of 15 km PIA (Project Influence

Area) from the project boundary is given in Table 3-1and Figure 3-2.

Table 3-1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas within 15 km radius of the project boundary

S.No Areas Proposed project location boundary in Km

1.

Areas protected underinternational conventions,national or local legislation fortheir ecological, landscape,cultural or other related value

Nil

2.

Areas which are important orsensitive for ecological reasons– Wetlands, Watercourses orother water bodies, coastalzone, biospheres, mountains,forests

Sl. No Description Distance(Km) Direction

1 Ammur RF 1.82 ENE2 Palar River 5.06 WSW3 Ponnai / Bahuda River 7.29 SW4 Tiruvalam RF 7.89 WSW5 Punganur RF 8.84 SW6 Kaveripakkam Lake 9.93 ESE7 KilMinnal RF 10.96 WSW8 West Bank Main Canal 12.28 NW9 Punganur RF 13.77 WSW

3.

Areas used by protected,important or sensitive species offlora or fauna for breeding,nesting, foraging, resting, overwintering, migration

Nil

4. Inland, coastal, marine orunderground waters Nil

5. State, National boundaries Nil

6. Defence installations Nil

7. Densely populated or built-uparea Ranipettai with a population of 50764.


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8.

-Areas occupied by sensitiveman-made land uses(hospitals, schools, places ofworship, community facilities)

S. No Hospitals Distance(~ km)

Direction

1. Nithyasugam clinic 1.85 E2. Thirumalai mission hospital 2.38 SW3. Nithyasugamayurvedic

hospital 1.92 SSE4. MM hospital 2.92 SSE5. Dr.L.ShanthiVimala clinic 3.70 SSW6. Scudder memorial hospital 3.76 SW7. Government urban primary

health center 4.44 SE8. Kavitha hospital 4.65 SE9. Government headquarter

hospital 4.64 SE10. Dr. Ganesh hospital 4.76 SSE11. Lakshmi Prasad hospital 4.70 SSE12. Lavany hospital 4.67 SE13. Dr.J.P.multispeciality clinic,

walajahpet 5.18 SSE14. Vellore district headquarter

hospital 4.42 SSE15. Walajah government hospital

building 2 4.46 SSE16. Walajah govt. OP building 4.58 SSE

Schools and collegesS.No Schools and collages Distance (~

km) Direction1. The Geekay world school 0.80 ESE2. Little flower convent school 1.61 ESE3. LFC matric higher secondary

school 2.73 NE

4. Govt. higher secondary school 2.78 NE5. VRV girls higher secondary

school 3.82 SSW

6. Gangadhar Govt. aidedmatriculate school 3.57 SSW

7. Pincushion Montessoriinternational school 3.25 SW

8. Balsam school 2.85 SW9. Balsam academy 2.62 SW

10. Vedavallividyalaya 2.21 SW11. Government high school 1.28 SW12. Ranippettai engineering collage 8.03 SE

13. Shri Sitheshwarapolytechniquecollege 8.03 S


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14. Govt. Boys higher secondaryschool 6.68 SSW

15. AnnaiSarada Matric Hr.secschool 6.72 SSW

16. Saraswathi school 6.49 SSW17. Govt. school Tajpura 8.54 SSW18. Shri Shantiniketan School 7.16 SSW19.

Thiru G Varadharajaluchettiarhigher secondary school 7.04 SSW

20. Vedanikethan matriculatedhigher secondary school 6.54 SSW

21. SSS college of arts, science andmanagement 6.10 SW

22. C.Abdul Hakeem collage of Artsand Science 7.94 SW

23. M.M.E.S. womens arts andscience collage 7.96 SW

24.C. Abdul Hakkem college ofEngineering &Technology 8.18 SW

25. Hindu vidyalaya CBSE school 3.92 WSW

26. CSI matriculate school 4.16 WSW27. SIPCOT government higher

Sec.school 4.37 WSW

28. St. Thomas nursery and primaryschool 4.50 WSW

29. Christ the king school 4.91 WSW30. Sri vijayvidyalaya nursery and

primary school 3.40 W

31.Arignar Anna govt. arts andscience college for women’s 5.85 SE

32. Tmt. Lakshmi loganathan matricschool 7.62 SSW

33. Sri Rama Krishna school 6.18 SWIndustries

S.No Industries Distance

(~km) Direction

1. Sundaram Industries 2.01 SW


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2. Stahl India Ranipet 2.6 WSW

3. Indira Industries 2.65 WSW

4. Greenland packing industries 2.94 SW

5. Ultramarine & Pigments Ltd 3.04 WSW

6. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 3.05 W

7. SNAP Industries 3.12 W

8. Kas Industries India PrivateLimited 3.25 S

9. Thirumalai Chemicals Ltd 3.29 WSW

10. Pan-tec Precision Engineering 4.01 S

11. Balaji Oil industries (P) Ltd 4.1 W

12. Bluebird overseas Pvt. Limited 4.59 W

13. SS packing Industries 5.04 SSE

14. G.K. Wood Industry 5.13 SSE

15. Kumar Engineering works 5.91 SSE

9.

Areas containing important,high quality or scarceresources, (groundwaterresources, surface resources,forestry, agriculture, fisheries,tourism, minerals)

Nil

10.

Areas already subjected topollution or environmentaldamage.(those where existing legalenvironmentalstandards are exceeded)

SIPCOT Ranipet is ~2.88 km in WSW direction, having CEPIscore 79.38. (NGT Order No : 1038/2018 Dated: 10.07.2019)


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11.

Areas susceptible to naturalhazard which could cause theproject to presentenvironmental problems,(earthquakes, subsidence,landslides, erosion or extremeor adverse climatic conditions)

The project location is falls under Zone III (Moderate risk category). As perVulnerability Atlas of India, There is no susceptible to natural hazards likesubsidence, landslides, erosion, flooding or extreme or adverse climaticconditions.Note:Seismic Zone-II : Low riskSeismic Zone-III: Moderate RiskSeismic Zone-IV: High RiskSeismic Zone-V: Very high Risk


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Figure 3-2 Environmental sensitive areas covering within 15km radius of the study area


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3.5 Physical Conditions

3.5.1 PIA District Profile

Vellore, the Head- Quarters of Vellore District is situated in 12' 35' N and 79' 9' E. Vellore also

known as the fort city is the headquarters of the Vellore district. Vellore has a rich heritage of

history-y ranging from the Pallavas & Cholas ruled till the freedom struggle and hence it is a

tourist destination. Vellore district is spread across 5920 Sq km with a population of 3.4 million.

The district is strategically located between Karnataka, AP and the industrial hub of TN. Hence

the connectivity & transport network density is good. 56% of land in Vellore is used for

agricultural activities to produce Paddy, Millets & other Cereals, Pulses, Sugarcane, Groundnut,

Gingelly and Cotton.Source: http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/2016-17/dip.vellore.2015.16.pdf

3.5.2 Climatic conditions

Vellore district receives rainfall from both southwest and northeast monsoons. The annual

normal rainfall (1901-80) for the district is 949.8 mm. The contribution of southwest monsoon

ranges from 45 to 52 percent, whereas it ranges from 30-43 percent due to northeast monsoon.

The district enjoys a tropical climate. The highest temperatures are recorded during May and

June. The mean daily minimum and maximum temperature are 18.2 to 36.8° C. The relative

humidity ranges from 37 to 85 percent.

Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Vellore.pdf

3.5.3 Natural resources of district

3.5.3.1 Flora and Fauna[

Generally the hilly and mountain areas of the district are observed in the projections of the

Eastern Ghat ranges as the forest is deciduous in nature. The ordinary plants such as tamarind,

teakwood, sandal wood, ven-teak, casuarina, bamboo etc are common in the forests. Regarding

fauna, although no special and distinguishing variety are available in the district, the western

region and in particular the mountainous tracts possess some wild animals. Bison is seen in

small numbers on the Jawadhu Hill ranges and tiger is occasionally seen. Black bears, hyenas,

sambar, spotted deer, jungle sheep, barking deer, antelope, and varieties of snakes including

the king cobras are spread over different regions of the district. Monkey exists in several places

in the district. The skeleton of gigantic elephant caught in the Chengam forest region is kept for


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the view of visitors in the Madras Museum. The most common birds of South Indian species are

seen in the district.

Source: http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/33/3304_PART_A_DCHB_VELLORE.pdf

3.5.3.2 Forest resources

Dense forest is found in many mountain ranges of Jawadhu region. Many forest areas has been

classified as Reserve Forest in Gudiyatham, Katpadi, Wallajah, Arakonam, Arcot, Vellore,

Vaniyambadi, Ambur and Tirupathur taluks. The forest products include firewood, bamboo,

casuarina and to a lesser extent sandal wood and timber such as teak, rose wood etc. These

are mostly extracted illegally by poachers.

Source:http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/33/3304_PART_A_DCHB_VELLORE.pdf

3.5.3.3 Irrigation

Irrigation sources in the district are poor and the agriculture depends on seasonal rainfall. Rivers

and tanks are used sparsely as these become dry soon. Tube wells and dug wells are chief

sources of irrigation. The rivers Palar, Ponnai and the Pennai River meet a good part of the

irrigational needs and “anaicuts” have been constructed across them. Channels have been dug

in the sandy belts and rivers to tap the water. During rainy seasons, the flood water is diverted

in to the channels dug connecting anaicuts built across the rivers in different taluks. The three

important anaicuts are built across Palar, Ponnai and Pennaiyar. The Palaranai cut irrigates

land in Wallajah and Arakonam taluks. The anaicut across Ponnai River also irrigates smaller

area in these taluks. For irrigation of agricultural lands, there were 604 canals and 110,220 wells

(for irrigation only) besides 57,055 wells used for domestic purposes in 2009-10. There were

1355 tanks in the district, out of this 420 have ayacuts of 40 hectares or more while remaining

tanks have ayacuts of less than 40 hectares. Kaveripakkam Lake, covering an area of 6 sq.kms,

is a major tank in the district which irrigates large area of land. The water from the lake,

whenever it is filled, irrigates land in 33 villages depending on water availability, the cultivation is

done in 2-3 times a year.

Source: http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/33/3304_PART_A_DCHB_VELLORE.pdf


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3.5.3.4 Agricultural Resources

Rice, Maize, Ragi, Sugarcane, Pulses, Groundnut, Banana and Coconut, are cultivated

extensively in Vellore district, while Cotton is cultivated in a few places. The total land used for

cultivation of these crops is 2,76,062 ha. The major crop in Vellore District/ Palar basin is paddy.

Table 3-2 Agricultural activities in Vellore District (Year 2015-16)

S. No Crop Area (in Hect.)

1 Paddy 51.771

2 Cholam 0.029

3 Cumbu 0.729

4 Maize 3.347

5 Ragi 4.281

6 Sugarcane 7.297

7 Onion 0.056

8 Fruits and vegetables 9.761

9 Gingelly 0.107

10 Groundnut 3.105

11 Coconut 20.674

12 Sunflower 0.040

13 Cotton 0.094

14 Greengram 1.205

15 Black gram 0.925

16 Chillies 0.905

17 Turmeric 0.413

Source:cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s31651cf0d2f737d7adeab84d339dbabd3/uploads/2018/10/2018102337.pdf

3.5.3.5 Mineral ResourcesMineral base is found to be spread across for the district. It is one of the most important factors

for the industrial development of the area.


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Major Minerals Minor Minerals

Vermiculate Black granite

Quartz Color granite

Rough Stone

Earth & Brick earth

Source: http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/2016-17/dip.vellore.2015.16.pdf


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Figure 3-3 Geology and Mineral Map of Tamil Nadu


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3.5.4 Land Use & Land Cover[

The total geographical area of Vellore district is 6077 sq.km. The total area of Agriculture

Plantation is 416.87sq.km. Forest, Forest Plantation cover is 15.3 sq. km. Build up Urban area

is 110.98sq.km. Details of Land use/Land cover statistics for Vellore district is given in Table3-3. Land use pattern of Vellore district are given in Figure 3-7.

Table 3-3 District land use/land cover statistics for Vellore district

S. No Division of Land Use/Land Cover Area %Sq. Km Acres Ha1. Buildup, Urban 110.98 27423.71 11098 1.822. Buildup, Mining 13.03 3219.78 1303 0.213. Agriculture, Plantation 416.87 103010.66 41687 6.864. Forest, Evergreen/ Semi evergreen 237.63 58719.56 23763 3.915. Forest, Forest Plantation 15.3 3780.71 1530 0.25

6. Barren/ unculturable/ Wastelands, SaltAffected land 9.38 2317.84 938 0.15

7. Barren/ unculturable/ Wastelands, Sandyarea 0.81 200.16 81 0.01

8. Wetlands/Water Bodies,River/Stream/canals 111.16 27468.19 11116 1.83

9. Buildup, Rural 97.8 24166.87 9780 1.6110. Agriculture, Crop land 2593.47 640859.40 259347 42.6811. Agriculture, Fallow 486.59 120238.82 48659 8.0112. Forest, Deciduous 1111.98 274775.82 111198 18.3013. Forest, Scrub Forest 309 76355.45 30900 5.08

14. Barren/ unculturable/ Wastelands, Scrubland 271.01 66967.93 27101 4.46

15. Barren/ unculturable/ Wastelands, Barrenrocky 10.77 2661.32 1077. 0.18

16. Wetlands/Water Bodies,Reservoir/Lakes/Ponds 281.2 69485.93 28120 4.63

Total 6077 1501652 607698 100(Source: bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in)


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Figure 3-4 Land use pattern of Vellore district

3.5.4.1 Land use pattern of the study area

Total project study area is 314.99 sq. km. land use/ Land cover statistics of 10 km radius of the

study area is given in Table 3-4and Land Use pattern of the study area is given in Figure 3-5.

LULC map of the study area is given in Figure 3-6.

Table 3-4 Land Use/Land Cover statistics of 10 km radius of the study area

S. No Description Area Percentage (%)Sq. km Acres Hectares1. Cropland 140.08 34606.76 14008 44.472. Fallow land 52.34 12930.6 5234 16.623. Deciduous 13.77 3401.879 1377 4.374. Plantation 9.79 2418.62 979 3.115. Scrub land 13.36 3300.588 1336 4.24

1.82%

8.01%

18.30%

5.08%4.46%

0.18%

4.63%

LULC Information (2011-12) for VelloreTotal Geographic Area: 6077 Sq. Km


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1.82%0.21%

6.86%

3.91%

0.25%0.15%

0.01%

1.83%1.61%

42.68%

4.63%

LULC Information (2011-12) for VelloreTotal Geographic Area: 6077 Sq. Km

Buildup, Urban

Buildup, Mining

Agriculture, Plantation

Forest, Evergreen/ Semi evergreen

Forest, Forest Plantation

Barren/ unculturable/Wastelands, Salt Affected landBarren/ unculturable/Wastelands, Sandy areaWetlands/WaterBodies, River/Stream/canalsBuildup, Rural

Agriculture, Crop land

Agriculture, Fallow

Forest, Deciduous

Forest, Scrub Forest

Barren/ unculturable/Wastelands, Scrub landBarren/ unculturable/Wastelands, Barren rockyWetlands/WaterBodies, Reservoir/Lakes/Ponds


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Buildup, Urban

Buildup, Mining

Agriculture, Plantation

Forest, Evergreen/ Semi evergreen

Forest, Forest Plantation

Barren/ unculturable/Wastelands, Salt Affected landBarren/ unculturable/Wastelands, Sandy areaWetlands/WaterBodies, River/Stream/canalsBuildup, Rural

Agriculture, Crop land

Agriculture, Fallow

Forest, Deciduous

Forest, Scrub Forest

Barren/ unculturable/Wastelands, Scrub landBarren/ unculturable/Wastelands, Barren rockyWetlands/WaterBodies, Reservoir/Lakes/Ponds


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6. Rural 12.18 3009.069 1218 3.877. Scrub Forest 7.56 1867.698 756 2.408. Urban 17.73 4380.197 1773 5.639. River/ Stream/ Canals 18.86 4659.363 1886 5.9910. Reservoirs/ Lakes/ Ponds 23.27 5748.854 2327 7.3911. Evergreen/ Semi-evergreen 1.57 387.8685 157 0.5012. Barren Rocky Area 0.13 32.1165 13 0.0413. Mining 2.78 686.799 278 0.8814. Forest Plantation 1.35 333.5175 135 0.4315. Sandy Area 0.15 37.0575 15 0.0516. Salt Affected Area 0.07 17.2935 7 0.02

Total 314.99 77818.28 31499 100

Figure 3-5Land use pattern of the study area

16.62%

4.37%

3.11%4.24%

3.87%

2.40%5.63%

5.99% 7.39%

0.50%

0.04%


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Total 314.99 77818.28 31499 100


44.47%

16.62%

0.50%

0.04%

0.88%

0.43% 0.05%

0.02%

Cropland

Fallow land

Deciduous

Plantation

Scrub land

Rural

Scrub Forest

Urban

River/ Stream/ Canals

Reservoirs/ Lakes/ Ponds

Evergreen/ Semi-evergreen

Barren Rocky Area

Mining

Forest Plantation

Sandy Area

Salt Affected Area


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Total 314.99 77818.28 31499 100


Cropland

Fallow land

Deciduous

Plantation

Scrub land

Rural

Scrub Forest

Urban

River/ Stream/ Canals

Reservoirs/ Lakes/ Ponds

Evergreen/ Semi-evergreen

Barren Rocky Area

Mining

Forest Plantation

Sandy Area

Salt Affected Area


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Figure 3-6 Land use/Land cover map of the study area


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3.5.5 Topography[

The highest mountain in the district is the Javadhu Hills, which covers the eastern part of

Tirupattur Taluk. The elevation of the Javadhu Hills is 2500 feet above mean sea level with

peaks rising upto 4200 feet. The Yelagiri Hills lie in the central part of Tirupathur taluk with an

altitude of 3200 feet. The major rivers of the district are the Palar and Ponnai and these rivers

being seasonal, will almost be dry and sandy and are not of much use for sustained irrigation.

Black soil is seen in the tanks and the river beds and rest of the areas are found with red loamy

soil. Physical map of Tamil Nadu is shown in Figure 3-7. Topo map of the study area is shown

in Figure 3-8 and contour map is shown in Figure 3-9.

Source: http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/2016-17/dip.vellore.2015.16.pdf

Figure 3-7Physical map of Tamil Nadu


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Figure 3-8Topo map of the study area


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Figure 3-9Contour map of study area


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3.5.6 Geology of PIA district

Geologically, the district is covered by crystalline rocks of Archaean age comprising of ,

granites, genesis, quarter sites etc. Alluvium occurring in the district is of fluviatile origin and

restricted to the course of rivers and major systems. The alluvium consists of gravel, fine,

coarse sand clay. Groundwater occurs under water table conditions in the weathered and

jointed rocks of the crystalline basement. Water levels range between 2 to 29 m in crystalline

rocks and 2 to 8 m cartulary deposits depending on topography. The groundwater extraction

points are mostly in the form of open dug – wells of diameters ranging between 6 m to 10 m,

these wells vary in yields. There are several groundwater extraction points in the river Palar bed

in the form of infiltration wells and galleries and water from these structures is supplied to the

major regions located along the river course including a few industries too. In some of the areas

bore wells supply water for drinking and industrial use. The Palar River and tributaries are

seasonal rivers. Water flows only during the rainy seasons while throughout the year there is

barely any flow, the district, therefore, relies mostly on rain water and ground water.

Source:http://www.researchpublish.com/download.php?file=ASSESSMENT%20OF%20GROUNDWATE

R-5550.pdf&act=book

3.5.7 Geomorphology of PIA district[

The following major geomorphic landforms have been identified from LANDSAT (MASS) and

Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) data.

Structural hills

Residual hills

Plateaus

Valley fills

Pediments

Buried pediments

Pediplains

Alluvial plains

A number of lineaments have been identified from remotely sensed data. In the eastern and

southwestern part of the district, the predominant trend of lineament is NE-SW, whereas in the

central part, both NE-SW and NW-SE trending lineaments have been identified. Traces of major


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lineaments identified in the area have been shown in hydrogeological map of the area. Vellore

district can be classified into two major physiographic divisions viz., i) Hilly terrain in the eastern

and southwestern parts and ii) Plain regions in the eastern part. The landscape in the hilly

terrain is undulating to rugged, flanked by hill ranges belonging to Eastern Ghats. The major hill

ranges in the district are those belonging to Jawadu, Elagiri and Kalrayan hills. The eastern part

of the district is a gently undulating plain dotted with isolated hillocks with sharply rising peaks,

sloping towards east.

Source:http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Vellore.pdf

Geomorphology pattern of the study area is given in Table 3-5. Major portion of the study area

is of Denudational origin consisting of Pediment- Pediplain complex. Geomorphology pattern of

the study area is given in Figure 3-10. Geomorphology map of the study area is given in Figure3-11.

Table 3-5 Geomorphology of the study area

S. No Description Area (Sq. km) Percentage (%)

1. Denudational Origin - Pediment - Pediplain Complex 200.71 63.72

2. Denudational Origin - Moderately dissected hills and Valleys 27.91 8.86

3. Structural Origin - Low Dissected Hills & Valleys 0.89 0.28

4. Fluvial Origin - Active Flood Plain 43.08 13.68

5. Anthropogenic origin 0.27 0.09

6. Water bodies/Tanks 42.13 13.38

Total 314.99 100


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Figure 3-10Geomorphology pattern of the study area

8.86%

0.28%

13.68%

0.09% 13.38%


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63.72%

Denudational Origin - Pediment -Pediplain Complex

Denudational Origin -Moderately dissected hills andValleys

Structural Origin - Low DissectedHills & Valleys

Fluvial Origin - Active Flood Plain

Anthropogenic origin

Water Bodies/Tanks


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Denudational Origin - Pediment -Pediplain Complex

Denudational Origin -Moderately dissected hills andValleys

Structural Origin - Low DissectedHills & Valleys

Fluvial Origin - Active Flood Plain

Anthropogenic origin

Water Bodies/Tanks


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Figure 3-11Geomorphology map of the study area


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3.5.8 Hydrogeology of PIA district

Vellore district is underlain by geological formations ranging in age from Achaean to Recent. In

the crystalline formations comprising charnockites, gneisses and granites. In the consolidated

formations, primary depositional features such as grain size are the major controlling factors.

Ground water occurs under phreatic conditions in the weathered zone and under semi confined

conditions in the fractures. The thickness of weathered zone varies from less than a meter to

about 15 m in the area depending on the topography. Potential aquifer zones are also

developed in these rocks by fractures persisting to depths, particularly along lineaments and

their inter sections. The depth of dug wells in crystalline formations varies form 8 – 19.5 m bgl.

Fracture zones have been encountered in the well down to a depth of 116 m bgl in the borehole

drilled by CGWB. The thickness of alluvium along the course of Palar River ranges from 8 – 12

m.Hydrogeology map of PIA district is given in Figure 3-12.

Source:http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Vellore.pdf


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Figure 3-12 Hydrogeology of PIA district


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3.5.9 Drainage pattern in PIA district

Palar River is the major river draining the district, flowing towards east for a distance of about

295 km. It runs parallel to the hill ranges of the Eastern Ghats for a major part of its course. It

has a vast flood plain in the lower reaches, but is dry for major part of the year. Ponnaiyar,

Cheyyar, Pambar and Malattar are some of the major tributaries of Palar draining the district.

Almost all the streams are ephemeral in nature and are mostly structurally controlled. Drainage

pattern of the study area is given in Figure 3-13.

Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Vellore.pdf


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Figure 3-13Drainage map of the study area


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3.5.10 Soil in PIA district[[

Containing complex mineral compounds, the soil is thin layer of earth’s crust made up of

disintegrated and decomposed rocks. It constituted with the natural resources which supports to

the growth of plants on earth. The central and southern parts of the district are mostly hilly and

the eastern portion is almost a stretch of unbroken plain. In the western part, the land rises

gradually towards the Mysore plateau along the Chittoor district. The soil is mostly of the red

ferruginous variety both sandy and loamy, with black area accounting for about 16%. The black

soil is found mostly in the neighbourhood of the rivers of Palar, Ponnai and in the ayacuts of a

few big tanks. The black soil occurs in Arakonam, Wallajah, Arcot and Tirupathur Taluks. The

black type loam soil is found mostly in Arakonam and Gudiyatham taluks in larger areas than in

other taluks while red loam soil is found in all the taluks.


3.5.11 Seismicity[

As per Vulnerability Atlas of India, the project location / study area falls under Zone III (Moderate

risk category). Seismicity map of India is shown in Figure 3-14.


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Figure 3-14 Seismicity map of India

Project Site


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3.6 Meteorology

Baseline ambient air quality assessment gives the status in the vicinity of site and is an

indispensable part of Environmental Impact Assessment studies. Significant changes, in

predominant winds and weather conditions are observed in winter, summer and post-monsoon

seasons apart from the local topographic influences. The baseline status of air environment in

the study area is assessed through a systematic air quality surveillance program.

3.6.1 Meteorological Conditions

The regional air quality is influenced by the meteorology of that region. The principal weather

parameters that influence the concentration of the air pollutants in the surroundings are wind

speed, wind direction and temperature. The meteorological data is useful for proper

interpretation of the baseline data. It is used as input for air quality dispersion models for

predicting the post project environmental scenario i.e. ground level concentrations due to

proposed utilities like boiler, DG sets, etc.

3.6.2 Meteorological Data Collection

Available secondary data pertaining to the meteorological parameters ware obtained from the

IMD Climatological tables. In addition, baseline meteorological data (primary data) was

generated during the study period (Mid-January – End April 2019). The methodology adopted

for monitoring surface observations is as per the standard norms laid down by Bureau of Indian

Standards (BIS) i.e. IS:8829 and Indian Meteorological Department (IMD).

3.6.3 General Meteorological Scenario based on IMD data

The nearest Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) station located to project site is Vellore.

The climatological data for Vellore (12055’ N and 79009’E), published by the IMD, based on daily

observations at 08:30 and 17:30 hour IST for a 30 year period, is presented in the following

sections on the meteorological conditions of the region. The monthly variations of the relevant

meteorological parameters are reproduced inTable 3-6.


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Table 3-6 Climatological Summary – Vellore Region (1971-2000)

MonthTemp (oC) Rainfall

(mm)RelativeHumidity(%)

Vapour PressureHPa

MeanWindSpeed(kmph)

PredominantWind Directions(From)*

DailyMax.

DailyMin. Total No.

days 8.30 17:30 8.30 17:30 08:30 17:30

Jan 29.7 17.8 9.4 0.8 86 52 21.5 19.5 5.6 NE NE

Feb 32.5 19.3 4.5 0.3 82 45 22.8 19.8 5.9 NE NE

Mar 35.7 21.3 12.3 0.8 77 38 24.6 19.7 6.0 S SE

Apr 38.1 24.7 24 1.3 71 39 28.2 22.6 7.0 S SE

May 39 25.9 65.9 4.2 65 43 27.9 24.4 6.5 W SW

Jun 36.6 25.6 76.8 5.2 66 50 26.7 25.6 8.3 W SW,W

Jul 34.9 24.7 129.3 7.1 70 53 26.3 25.5 7.3 W W

Aug 34.2 24.2 144.7 8 73 57 26.4 26.4 6.5 W SW

Sep 34.1 23.5 185 8.7 77 62 27.6 27.6 5.1 W SW

Oct 32.3 22.3 146.2 8.1 83 68 28.0 27.0 4.2 W NE

Nov 29.9 20.6 147.7 7.4 86 68 25.8 24.7 4.5 NE NE

Dec 28.7 18.7 84.5 4.0 87 64 23.3 22.1 5.5 NE NE

Max. 39 25.9 185 8.7 87 68 28.2 27.6 8.3

Annual windPredominant- NEMin. 28.7 17.8 4.5 0.3 65 38 21.5 19.5 4.2

Avg/Total.

33.8 22.4 1030.4 56.0 77 53 25.7 23.8 6.1

As per the above IMD Climatological data, following observations can be drawn:

Daily maximum temperature of 390C and the daily minimum temperature of 17.80C were

recorded in the months of May and January respectively.

Maximum and minimum relative humidity of 87% and 38% were recorded in the months of

December and March respectively.

Maximum and minimum rainfall of 185 mm and 4.5 mm was recorded in the months of

September and February respectively. Annual Total Rainfall is 1030.4 mm.

Maximum and minimum Mean wind speed 8.3 Kmph and 4.2 Kmph was recorded in the

months of June and October respectively. Annual predominant wind direction is North East.


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3.6.4 Meteorological Scenario during Study Period

Meteorological scenario in and around the project site is an essential requirement during study

period for proper interpretation of baseline air quality status. Meteorological data was collected

during the study period (Mid Jan–End April 2019).The wind rose of the study period is given

inFigure 3-7.

Figure 3-15 Specific Wind rose for the Study Period (Mid-January – End April 2019)

3.6.5 Site Specific Meteorological data during Study Period

The meteorological data of study period was used for interpretation of baseline status and to

simulate the meteorological conditions for prediction of impacts in modeling studies.

Meteorology Data for the Study Period (Mid Jan– End April 2019) is given in Table 3-7.

Table 3-7 Meteorology Data for the Study Period (Mid Jan – End April 2019)

S. No Parameter Observation

1. Temperature Min Temperature: 160CMax Temperature: 430C


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Avg Temperature: 29.40C2. Relative Humidity Range 59.55%3. Average Wind Speed 3.45 m/s4. Predominant Wind Direction South West to North East

3.6.6 Atmospheric Inversion

Atmospheric inversion level at the project site was monitored; the results observed at the site

during the study period are as follows:

Average atmospheric temperature: 29.40C

Average Relative humidity: 59.55%

Average Wind speed: 3.45 m/s

The daily inversion level calculated based on the average temperature and average wind speed

at the project site and the maximum inversion height is derived by the graph plotted based on

the average temperature and average wind speed. The daily inversion level at the project site

varies from 50 to 1750m during 6 AM to 6 PM, the maximum recorded at 5 PM, April 2019. This

is shown in Figure 3-16.

Figure 3-16 Atmospheric inversion level at the project site

3.7 Ambient Air QualityThe selection criteria for monitoring locations are based on the following:

Topography/Terrain

Meteorological conditions

Residential and sensitive areas within the study area

Representatives of regional background air quality/pollution levels and

Representation of likely impacted areas


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3.7.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations

To evaluate the baseline air quality of the study area, Eight (08) monitoring locations were

identified as per IMD Climatological data – Vellore Region (1971-2000). The annual

predominant wind direction is from North East to South West. A map showing the Ambient air

monitoring locations is given in Figure 3-17 and the details of the monitoring locations are given

in Table 3-8.Table 3-8 Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Station Code Location Type of Wind Distance (~km) AzimuthDirections

A1 Project site - -A2 Ammur u/w 2.62 NEA3 Walajapet c/w 4.53 SSEA4 Arcot c/w 6.37 SSWA5 Karai d/w 4.01 SWA6 TanthaiPeriyar Nagar d/w 2.81 SWA7 Ranipet – SIPCOT c/w 4.98 WA8 Kalpudur c/w 3.98 NNW


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Figure 3-17 Map showing the ambient air qualitymonitoring locations


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3.7.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Techniques and Frequency

Ambient air quality was monitored twice in a week for One (01) season covering 12 weeks from

during Mid January – End April 2019. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, Pb, NH3 , C6H6, C20 H12, As, Ni,

were monitored on 24 hourly basis and O3, CO and VOC were monitored on eight hourly basis.

Sampling was carried out as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) monitoring guidelines

at each location. Analytical methods used for analysis of parameters are given in Table 3-9.

Table 3-9 Analytical Methods for Analysis of Ambient Air Quality Parameters

S.No Parameters Analytical method NAAQ standards: 2009 Sampling

Time

1. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2),μg/m3

IS:5182(Part-2):2001(Reaff:2006) 50 (Annual) 80(24 Hours) 24 Hours

2. Nitrogen Dioxide(NO2), μg/m3 IS: 5182 (Part - 6): 2006 40 (Annual) 80 (24 Hours) 24 Hours

3. Particulate Matter(PM2.5), μg/m3 IS: 5182 (Part - 23): 2006 40 (Annual) 60 (24 hours) 24 Hours

4. Particulate Matter(PM10), μg/m3 IS:5182 (Part– 23): 2006 60 (Annual) 100 (24 hours) 24 Hours

5. CO mg/m3 IS:5182(Part–10):1999(Reaff:2006) 2 (8 hours) 4 (1hour) 8 Hours

6. Pb, μg/m3 IS:5182(Part–22):2004(Reaff:2006) 0.5(Annual) 1(24 hours) 24 Hours

7. O3, μg/m3 IS: 5182 (Part – 9): 1974 100(8hours) 180 (1hour) 8 Hours

8. NH3, μg/m3 APHA(air) 2nd edition(Indophenol-blue method) 100(Annual) 400(24 hours) 8 Hours

9. Benzene, μg/m3 IS:5182(Part–11):1999(RA:2009) 5 (Annual) 5 (Annual) 24 Hours

10. Benzo (a) pyrene,ng/m3

IS:5182(Part–12):2004(RA:2009) 1 (Annual) 1 (Annual) 24 Hours

11. Arsenic, ng/ m3 APHA (air) 2nd edition 6 (Annual) 6 (Annual) 24 Hours

12. Nickel ng/ m3In house method (AASmethod) based on CPCBguidelines volume 1

20(Annual) 20(Annual) 24 Hours

13. Volatile OrganicCompounds (ppm)

PID (Photo-IonizationDetection) Method -- -- 8 Hours

14. Chlorine μg/ m3 IS 5182 (part 19):1982(Ref2003) -- -- 2 Hours

15. Hydrochloric acid (μg/m3) OSHA IO 174SG -- -- 2 Hours

16. Hydrobromic acid (μg/m3) NIOSH Method -- -- 2 Hours

17. Hydrogen sulphide IS 5182 (part 7) : 1973(Ref -- -- 2 Hours


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(μg/ m3) 2003)

18. Hydrogen fluoride (μg/m3) NIOSH Method -- -- 2 Hours

3.7.2.1 Observations

The variations of the pollutants PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, Pb, O3, NH3 , C6H6, C20 H12, As, Ni,

VOC were monitored out of which 12 parameters are compared with National Ambient Air

Quality Standards (NAAQS), MoEF&CC Notification, November, 2009. Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring Data (Mid January – End April 2019) for the study area is given inTable 3-9and

trends of measured ambient concentrations in the study area were graphically represented in

Figure 3-18.

Table 3-10 Summary of the average baseline concentrations of pollutants

Parameters

NAAQSStandards

Project site

Ammur

Walajapet

Arcot

Karai

TanthaiPeriyarNagar

Ranipet -SIPCOT

Kalpudur

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8

PM10

Conc.(µg/m³)

Min.

100(24 Hours)

50.9 48.4 46.8 51.8 47.6 54.3 59.3 45.9Max. 72.6 69.0 66.6 73.8 67.8 77.4 84.5 65.5Avg. 61.1 58.1 56.1 62.1 57.1 65.1 71.1 55.198th

‘tile 72.2 68.6 66.3 73.4 67.4 76.9 84.0 65.1

PM2.5

Conc.(µg/m3)

Min.

60(24 Hours)

20.9 20.4 21.1 17.0 19.5 18.9 22.5 17.5Max. 29.8 29.0 30.1 24.2 27.8 26.9 32.0 24.9Avg. 25.1 24.4 25.3 20.3 23.4 22.6 26.9 20.998th‘tile 29.6 28.9 29.9 24.0 27.7 26.7 31.8 24.7

SO2

Conc.(µg/m3)

Min.

80(24 Hours)

7.8 6.3 6.8 8.4 7.9 9.8 10.4 5.9Max. 11.1 8.9 9.8 12.0 11.3 13.9 14.8 8.4Avg. 9.3 7.5 8.2 10.1 9.5 11.7 12.4 7.198th‘tile 11.0 8.9 9.7 11.9 11.2 13.8 14.7 8.4

NO2

Conc.(µg/m3)

Min.

80(24 Hours)

16.8 15.4 15.9 17.2 13.7 17.7 19.8 14.6Max. 23.9 22.0 22.7 24.5 19.5 25.2 28.2 20.8Avg. 20.1 18.5 19.1 20.6 16.4 21.2 23.7 17.598th‘tile 23.8 21.9 22.6 24.4 19.4 25.1 28.0 20.7

Pb (μg/m3) Avg. (24hour) BLQ BLQ BLQ BLQ BLQ BLQ BLQ BLQ


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Parameters

NAAQSStandards

Project site

Ammur

Walajapet

Arcot

Karai

TanthaiPeriyarNagar

Ranipet -SIPCOT

Kalpudur

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8(LOQ0.05)

(LOQ0.05)

(LOQ0.05)

(LOQ0.05)

(LOQ0.05)

(LOQ0.05)

(LOQ0.05)

(LOQ0.05)

CO(mg/m3) Avg. 4(1hour)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL 0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL 0.05)

O3 (μg/m3) Avg. 180(1hour) 11.7 9.6 10.4 12.2 11.4 9.8 12.7 11.0

NH3

(μg/m3) Avg. 400(24hours) 8.11 6.28 7.38 7.96 7.31 7.63 8.91 5.87

Benzene(μg/m3) Avg. 5 (Annual)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

Benzo (a)pyrene,(ng/m3)

Avg. 1(Annual)BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

Arsenic(ng/ m3) Avg. 6 (Annual)

BLQ(LOQ2)

BLQ(LOQ2)

BLQ(LOQ 2)

BLQ(LOQ2)

BLQ(LOQ 2)

BLQ(LOQ2)

BLQ(LOQ2)

BLQ(LOQ 2)

Nickel(ng/m3) Avg. 20

(Annual)

BLQ(LOQ10)

BLQ(LOQ10)

BLQ(LOQ 10)

BLQ(LOQ10)

BLQ(LOQ10)

BLQ(LOQ10)

BLQ(LOQ10)

BLQ(LOQ 10)

TVOC(μg/m3) Avg. -

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL (DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL(DL0.05)

BDL (DL0.05)

HCl(μg/m3) Avg. -

BLQ(LOQ30)

BLQ(LOQ30)

BLQ(LOQ 30)

BLQ(LOQ30)

BLQ(LOQ

30)

BLQ(LOQ30)

BLQ(LOQ30)

BLQ(LOQ 30)

Chlorine(μg/m3) Avg. -

BLQ(LOQ145)

BLQ(LOQ145)

BLQ(LOQ145)

BLQ(LOQ145)

BLQ(LOQ145)

BLQ(LOQ145)

BLQ(LOQ145)

BLQ(LOQ 145)

HBr(μg/m3) Avg. -

BLQ(LOQ35)

BLQ(LOQ 35)

BLQ(LOQ35)

BLQ(LOQ35)

BLQ(LOQ35)

BLQ(LOQ 35)

BLQ(LOQ 35)

BLQ(LOQ 35)

H2S(μg/m3) Avg. - BLQ(L

OQ 6)BLQ(LOQ 6)

BLQ(LOQ6)

BLQ(LOQ

BLQ(LOQ

BLQ(LOQ 6)

BLQ(LOQ 6)

BLQ(LOQ 6)


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Parameters

NAAQSStandards

Project site

Ammur

Walajapet

Arcot

Karai

TanthaiPeriyarNagar

Ranipet -SIPCOT

Kalpudur

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A86) 6)

HF (μg/m3) Avg. -BLQ(LOQ350)

BLQ(LOQ350)

BLQ(LOQ350)

BLQ(LOQ350)

BLQ(LOQ350)

BLQ(LOQ350)

BLQ(LOQ350)

BLQ(LOQ 350)

Note: BDL (Below detectable limit); DL (Detectable limit); BLQ (Below Limit of Quantification); LOQ (LimitOf Quantification)


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Figure 3-18 Trends of measured Ambient Air Quality in the study area

3.7.2.2 Results and Discussion

Statistical analysis (minimum, maximum, arithmetic mean and 98-percentile values) of the

ambient air quality in study area for the study period are given inTable 3-10. The results of such

analysis are pictorially presented in Figure 3-18. The ambient air quality has been monitored at

8 locations for 13 parameters including 12 parameters as per NAAQS, 2009 within the study

area. The average baseline levels of PM10 (55.1- 71.1 µg/m³), PM2.5(20.3-26.9 µg/m³), SO2 (7.1-

12.4 µg/m³), NO2 (16.4-23.7 µg/m³), O3 (9.6- 12.7 µg/m3), are well within the National Ambient

Air Quality Standards for Industrial, Commercial and Residential areas at all monitoring

locations during the study period from Mid January – End April 2019.


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3.8 Noise Environment

The prevailing ambient noise level at a particular location is nothing but the resultant (total) of all

kinds of noise sources existing at various distances around that location. The ambient noise

level at a location varies continuously depending on the type of surrounding activities. Ambient

noise levels have been established by monitoring noise levels at eight (08) locations in and

around 10Km distance from project area during, the study period using precision noise level

meter. The noise monitoring locations in the study area were selected after giving due

consideration to the various land use categories. The land use categories include commercial,

residential, rural and sensitive areas. Noise levels were recorded on an hourly basis for one

complete day at each location using pre- calibrated noise levels. A map showing the noise

monitoring locations is given in Figure 3-17.

3.8.1 Results and Discussion[

Based on the recorded hourly noise levels at each monitoring location, the day equivalent (Ld)

and night equivalent (Ln) were calculated;

Ld: Average noise levels between 6:00 hours to 22.00 hours.

Ln: Average noise levels between 22:00 hours to 6.00 hours.

The comparison of day equivalent noise levels (Ld) and night equivalent noise levels (Ln) with

the respective CPCB stipulated noise standards for various land use categories are shown in

the Table 3-11 and the map showing noise monitoring location is given in Figure 3-19.


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Figure 3-19 Map showing noise monitoring locations


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Table 3-11 Day and Night Equivalent Noise levels

S.No

LocationLocationCode

Distance(km) fromProjectboundary

AzimuthDirection

Noise level indB(A) Leq

CPCB StandardEnvironmentalSetting

Day NightLday(Ld)

LNight(Ln)

1 Project site N1 Within Site 61.7 52 75 70 Industrial

2 Ammur N3 2.62 NE 64 53.7 65 55 Commercial

3 Walajapet N4 4.53 SSE 65.2 53 65 55 Commercial

4 Arcot N5 6.37 SSW 70.7 53 65 55 Commercial

5 Karai N7 4.01 SW 51.2 42.6 55 45 Residential

6TanthaiPeriyarnagar

N6 2.81 SW 52.1 40 55 45 Residential

7RanippettaiSIPCOT

N8 4.98 W 70.5 68 75 70 Industrial

8 Kalpudur N2 3.98 NNW 49.6 40.8 55 45 Residential

3.8.2 Observations

Based on the above results, following observations are made:

The 8 locations under the study constitute of 3 locations in residential areas, 3 in

commercial areas and 2 in industrial area.

It was observed that within the Residential areas, noise levels (Day and Night) are well

within the standards prescribed by CPCB.

Within the commercial areas, Day time noise levels have significantly increased at Arcot

and Walajapet. However, the night time noise levels are well within the limits prescribed

by CPCB.

Noise levels within the project site are well within the limit prescribed by CPCB.


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3.9 Water Environment

3.9.1 Surface water resources[

Palar River is the major river draining the district, flowing towards east for a distance of about

295 km. It runs parallel to the hill ranges of the Eastern Ghats for a major part of its course. It

has a vast flood plain in the lower reaches, but is dry for major part of the year. Ponnaiyar,

Cheyyar, Pambar and Malattar are some of the major tributaries of Palar draining the district.

Almost all the streams are ephemeral in nature and are mostly structurally controlled.Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Vellore.pdf

3.9.2 Surface water quality assessment

To establish the baseline status of water environment, the existing representative sampling

locations for surface water within a radial distance of 10Km from project site have been selected

as per CPCB guidelines of Water Quality Monitoring through an adequate survey of the project

area. Test methods used for the analysis of water quality parameters are given in Table 3-12.

Table 3-12 Test methods used for the analysis of water quality parameters

S. No Parameter Measured Test Method1. pH (at 25°C) IS:3025 (Part - 11): 1983 (Reaff: 2006)2. Electrical Conductivity IS:3025 (Part - 14): 1983 (Reaff: 2006)3. Turbidity IS 3025 (Part 10): 19844. Color IS:3025 (Part- 4) 1983 (Reaff 2006)5. Total Hardness as CaCO3 IS:3025 (Part - 21) 1983 (Reaff 2006)6. Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 IS:3025,1 (Part - 23) 1986 (Reaff 2009)7. Fluoride IS 3025 (Part 60): 20088. Cadmium IS:3025 (Part 41) 19919. Calcium IS 3025 (Part 40): 199110. Magnesium as Mg IS 3025 (Part 46) 199411. Sulphate IS 3025 (Part 24): 198612. Nitrate APHA 23rd Edition (4500 NO3B)13. Chloride as Cl- IS:3025 (Part - 32) 1988(Reaff 2009)14. Total Dissolved Solids IS:3025:1(Part - 16) 1984 (Reaff 2006)15. Chromium as Cr IS:3025 (Part - 52) 2003 (Reaff 2009)16. Lead as Pb IS:3025 (Part - 47) 1994 (Reaff 2009)17. Arsenic as As US EPA Method 200.818. Selenium as Se US EPA method 200.8


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S. No Parameter Measured Test Method19. Zinc as Zn IS:3025 (Part - 49) 1994 (Reaff 2009)20. Sodium as Na IS:3025,5(Part - 45) 1993 (Reaff 2006)21. Potassium IS 3025 (Part 45) 199322. Temperature IS:3025 (Part - 9) 1983 (Reaff 2006)23. Chemical oxygen demand as O2 IS:3025 (Part-58)-200624. Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) IS:3025 (Part - 38)1989 (Reaff 2009)25. Manganese as Mn IS: 3025 (Part 59):200626. Mercury as Hg US EPA Method 200.827. Nickel US EPA Method 200.828. Copper as Cu IS:3025 (Part - 42)1992 (Reaff: 2009)29. BOD,5 days @200C as O2 5210B APHA22ndEdn 2012

The prevailing status of water quality at Eight (08) sampling locations for surface water were

assessed during the study period and the same are presented in Table 3-13. Surface water

quality results are provided inTable 3-14. A map showing the surface water monitoring locations

is given as Figure 3-20. Due to unavailability of water, water sample was not collected from lake

near Edapalayam.

Table 3-13Details of Surface water sampling locations

S.No Name of the Water body Sampling

codeDistance from ProjectBoundary

Direction from projectboundary

1 Lake near Walajapet SW1 4.63 SSE

2 Lake near Toppukana SW2 7.52 SSW

3 Pond near Karai SW3 3.95 SW

4 Lake nearThanthaiperiyarnagar SW4 2.26 SSW

5 Lake near Maniyampattu SW5 5.25 WSW

6 Settithangal lake SW6 0.96 SW

7Lake near Edapalayam(Nosample was taken as water wasnot available )

SW7 2.64 WNW

8 Lake near Kalpudur SW8 4.34 NNWNote: Due to unavailability of surface water in the study area, only 7 surface water samples are collectedand analysed.


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Figure 3-20Map showing Surface water monitoring locations with the study area


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Table 3-14Surface Water Monitoring Results

S.No

Name of theparameter Units

SW 1 SW 2 SW 3 SW 4 SW 5 SW 6 SW 8

Lake nearWalajapet

Lake nearToppukana

Pond nearKarai

Lake nearThanthaiPriyarNagar

Lake nearManiyampattu

Settithangallake

Lake nearKalpudur

1 pH at 25°C - 7.62 6.88 7.37 7.25 6.68 7.14 6.84

2 Turbidity NTU 4 1.2 8 7 1 4 1.5

3TotalSuspendedSolids

mg/l 9 2 18 16 1 9 3

4 EC @25°C µmhos/cm 3890 713 4068 4126 608 561 1095

5TotalDissolvedSolids

mg/l 2487 449 2510 2677 366 342 722

6TotalAlkalinity asCaCO3

mg/l 278.7 160.7 180.3 262.3 99.2 94.3 197.5

7TotalHardness asCaCO3

mg/l 620.5 165.9 500.4 600.5 182.6 170.2 250.3

8 Sodium asNa mg/l 575 49 600 612 39 35 100

9 Potassiumas K mg/l 40 3 42 43 4 3 7

10 Calcium asCa mg/l 96.19 33.05 72.14 104.21 39.86 36.07 56.11

11 Magnesiumas Mg mg/l 92.34 20.24 77.76 82.62 20.15 19.44 26.73

12 Carbonate mg/l BLQ(LOQ.1) BLQ(LOQ.1) BLQ(LOQ.1) BLQ(LOQ.1) BLQ(LOQ.1) BLQ(LOQ.1) BLQ(LOQ.1)


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S.No



Lake nearWalajapet

Lake nearToppukana

Pond nearKarai



Settithangallake

Lake nearKalpudur

13 Bicarbonate mg/l 340 196 220 320 121 115 241

14 Chloride asCl mg/l 1097.61 91.03 1247.1 1276.8 74.23 71.12 207.85

15 Sulphate asSO4

mg/l 188.34 40.51 191.94 177.74 53.46 49.71 62.15

16 Nitrate asNO3

mg/l 5.8 4.6 7.2 4.9 4.3 3.6 4.17

17 Phosphate mg/l 0.48 3.54 1.2 0.26 4.97 0.14 9.64

18 Fluoride as F mg/l 0.52 0.44 0.58 0.51 0.45 0.32 0.41

19 Cyanide mg/l BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

20 Arsenic mg/l BLQ(LOQ 0.005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.005)

21 Cadmium mg/l BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

22 Chromium mg/l BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01) BLQ(LOQ0.01) BLQ

(LOQ0.01)BLQ(LOQ0.01)

23 Copper mg/l BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)



24 Iron mg/l 0.18 1.49 0.24 0.23 1.29 0.21 1.98

25 Lead mg/l BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)


(LOQ0.005)BLQ(LOQ0.005)

26 Manganese mg/l BLQ(LOQ 0.05) 0.331 BLQ

(LOQ 0.05)BLQ(LOQ 0.05) 0.304 BLQ

(LOQ 0.05) 0.488

27 Mercury mg/l BLQ(LOQ 0.0005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.0005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.0005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.0005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.0005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.0005)

BLQ(LOQ 0.0005)


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S.No



Lake nearWalajapet

Lake nearToppukana

Pond nearKarai



Settithangallake

Lake nearKalpudur

28 Nickel mg/l BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)



29 Selenium mg/l BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

30 Zinc mg/l BLQ(LOQ0.1)

BLQ(LOQ0.1)


(LOQ0.1)BLQ(LOQ0.1)

BLQ(LOQ0.1)

31 DissolvedOxygen mg/l 5.9 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.3 6.1 5.1

32 COD mg/l 8 72 152 104 192 5.6 200

33 BOD 3days@27°C mg/l 1.6 12 25 17 33 1.2 34

Note: BLQ: Below Level of Quantification, LOQ: Limit Of Quantification, BDL: Below Detectable Limit, DL: Detectable Limit, NTU: NephelometricTurbidity Unit, mg/l: Milligrams per Liter


121 | P a g e

Table 3-15Surface water Standards (IS 2296:1992)

S.No Parameters Unit A B C D E

1 Colour Hazen 10 300 300 --- ---

2 Turbidity NTU --- --- --- --- ---

3 pH -- 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5

4 Conductivity µS/cm --- --- --- 1000 2250

5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 --- 1500 --- 2100

6 Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l --- --- --- --- ---

7 Total Hardness asCaCo3

mg/l 300 --- --- --- ---

8 Calcium as Ca mg/l 80.10 --- --- --- ---

9 Magnesium as Mg. mg/l 24.28 --- --- --- ---

10 Sodium Na mg/l --- --- --- --- ---

11 Potassium mg/l --- --- --- --- ---

12 Chloride as Cl mg/l 250 --- 600 --- 600

13 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 400 --- 400 --- 1000

14 Phosphate mg/l --- --- --- --- ---

15 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 20 --- 50 --- ---

16 Fluorides as F mg/l 1.5 1.5 1.5 --- ---

17 Cyanide mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 --- ---

18 Arsenic mg/l 0.05 0.2 0.2 --- ---

19 Cadmium mg/l 0.01 --- 0.01 --- ---

20 Chromium, Total mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 --- ---

21 Copper mg/l 1.5 --- 1.5 --- ---

22 Iron mg/l 0.3 --- 50 --- ---

23 Lead mg/l 0.1 --- 0.1 --- ---

24 Zinc mg/l 15 --- 15 --- ---

25 Manganese mg/l 0.5 --- --- --- ---


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26 Selenium mg/l 0.01 --- 0.05 --- ---

27 Mercury mg/l 0.001 --- --- --- ---

28 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 6 5 4 4 ---

29 COD mg/l --- --- --- --- ---

30 BOD mg/l 2 3 3 --- ---

Class A – Drinking water without conventional treatment but after disinfection.

Class B –Water for outdoor bathing.

Class C – Drinking water with conventional treatment followed by disinfection.

Class D – Water for fish culture and wild life propagation.

Class E – Water for irrigation, industrial cooling and controlled waste disposal

3.9.3 Results and Discussion

Surface water sample results are discussed below:

Water sampling results are compared with Surface water standards IS 2296:1992.

pH in the collected surface water samples varies between 6.68 to 7.62 which is within

the limit of IS 2296:1992.

The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) value of collected surface water sample ranges from

342 mg/l to 2677 mg/l.

The Total hardness value of the collected surface water sample ranges between 165.9

mg/l – 620.5 mg/l.

BOD value of the collected surface water samples ranges between 1.2 mg/l and 34 mg/l.

COD value of the collected surface water varies from 5.6 mg/l to 200 mg/l.

The concentration of heavy metals like As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ni and Se in the collected

surface water samples are observed to be below the detectable limit.


123 | P a g e

3.10 Ground water resources

Vellore district can be broadly classified as hilly terrains and plain regions. The East of Eastern

Ghats lies the Palar plain region. The region is mostly undulating and sloping towards east. The

river Palar in its course is successively enriched by the tributaries Malattar, Koundinyanadhi,

Poiney and Cheyyyar. Palar is not a perennial river and occurrence of flood is very rare and of

very short duration. River Palar has good thickness of Alluvium all through.

Table 3-16 Ground water potential in Vellore district (as on March 2011)

Net ground water availability (in MCM) 592.80

Existing Gross Ground water draft for all the users (in MCM) 621.44

Stage of Ground water development (in %) 105%

Categorization of district Over exploited

Source:https://www.twadboard.tn.gov.in/content/vellore-district

3.10.1 Ground water quality[

Total Eight (8) ground water monitoring locations were identified for assessment in different

villages around the project site based on the usage of sub surface water by the settlements/

villages in the study area. The groundwater results are compared with the desirable and

permissible water quality standards as per IS: 10500 (2012) for drinking water. Groundwater

quality monitoring locations are given in Table 3-17 and results are given in Table 3-18. A map

showing the ground water monitoring locations is given in Figure 3-21.Table 3-17 Details of Groundwater Quality Monitoring Locations

Station Code Location Distance (km) from Projectboundary Azimuth Directions

GW1 Project Site - -GW2 Ammur 2.62 NEGW3 Walajapet 4.53 SSEGW4 Arcot 6.37 SSWGW5 Karai 4.01 SWGW6 TanthaiPeriyarnagar 2.81 SWGW7 Ranipet - SIPCOT 4.98 WGW8 Kalpudur 3.98 NNW


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Figure 3-21Map showing the ground water monitoring locations


125 | P a g e

Table 3-18Groundwater monitoring results

SNo

Parameters Unit

DWStandards(IS 10500:2012)Permissible Limit

DWStandards (IS10500:2012)Acceptable Limit

GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8

Projectsite Ammur Walajape

t Arcot KaraiTanthaiPeriyarnagar

Ranipet-SIPCOT Kalpudur

1 Colour Hazen 15 5 BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

2 pH - NR 6.5 to 8.5 7.59 7.97 7.43 7.45 8.37 7.09 8.18 8.24

3 Turbidity NTU 5 1 BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

4TotalSuspendedSolids

mg/l - - BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQLOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

5ElectricalConductivity25◦C

µmhos/cm - - 1421 841 1103 2413 1310 1219 1623 364

6TotalDissolvedSolids

mg/l 2000 500 882 515 730 1529 804 738 1018 226

7TotalAlkalinity asCaCO3

mg/l 600 200 189 193 270 256 246 180 238 97

8TotalHardness asCaCO3

mg/l 600 200 490 230 360 583 431 340 370 125

9 Sodium asNa mg/l - - 132 47 71 264 72 92 164 10

10 Potassiumas k mg/l - - 9 3 4 25 5 6 11 1

11 Calcium asCa mg/l 200 75 84.17 36.07 80.16 114.5 104.21 76.15 84.17 34.07

12 Magnesium mg/l 100 30 68.04 34.02 38.88 72.15 41.32 36.45 38.88 9.72


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SNo

Parameters Unit




Projectsite Ammur Walajape

t Arcot KaraiTanthaiPeriyarnagar

Ranipet-SIPCOT Kalpudur

as Mg

13 Chlorides asCl- mg/l 1000 250 277.13 98.98 128.46 560 148.46 193 346.42 22.27

14 Sulphate(SO4) mg/l 400 200 78.29 57.62 75.19 175.17 127.83 111.65 79.69 28.76

15 Nitrates(NO3) mg/l NR 45 3.41 2.47 2.65 5.8 5.2 2.96 4.15 2.47

16 Phosphate mg/l - - 0.08 0.07 0.09BLQ(LOQ0.02)

BLQ(LOQ0.02)

0.07 0.39 0.08

17 Fluoride asF- mg/l 1.5 1 0.19 0.24 0.21 0.57 0.47 0.28 0.27 0.18

18 Arsenic mg/l 0.05 0.01BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

19 Cyanide mg/l NR 0.05BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

20 Cadmium mg/l NR 0.003BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)

BLQ(LOQ0.001)


127 | P a g e

SNo

Parameters Unit




Projectsite Ammur Walajapet Arcot Karai TanthaiPe

riyarnagarRanipet-SIPCOT Kalpudur

21 Chromium mg/l NR 0.05BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

22 Copper mg/l 1.5 0.05BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ(LOQ0.01)

23 Total Iron mg/l NR 0.3BLQ(LOQ0.02)

BLQ (LOQ0.02)

BLQ (LOQ0.02)

BLQ (LOQ0.02)

BLQ (LOQ0.02)

BLQ (LOQ0.02)

BLQ (LOQ0.02)

BLQ (LOQ0.02)

24 Lead mg/l NR 0.01BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ(LOQ0.005)

25 Manganese mg/l 0.3 0.1

BLQ(LOQ0.05)

BLQ (LOQ0.05)

BLQ (LOQ0.05)

BLQ (LOQ0.05)

BLQ (LOQ0.05)

BLQ (LOQ0.05)

BLQ (LOQ0.05)

BLQ (LOQ0.05)

26 Mercury mg/l NR 0.001BLQ(LOQ0.0005)

BLQ (LOQ0.0005)

BLQ (LOQ0.0005)

BLQ (LOQ0.0005)

BLQ (LOQ0.0005)

BLQ (LOQ0.0005)

BLQ (LOQ0.0005)

BLQ (LOQ0.0005)

27 Nickel mg/l NR 0.02BLQ(LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

BLQ (LOQ0.01)

28 Selenium mg/l NR 0.01BLQ(LOQ0.005)

BLQ (LOQ0.005)

BLQ (LOQ0.005)

BLQ (LOQ0.005)

BLQ (LOQ0.005)

BLQ (LOQ0.005)

BLQ (LOQ0.005)

BLQ (LOQ0.005)

29 Zinc mg/l 15 5BLQ(LOQ0.1)

BLQ (LOQ0.1)

BLQ (LOQ0.1)

BLQ (LOQ0.1)

BLQ (LOQ0.1)

BLQ (LOQ0.1)

BLQ (LOQ0.1)

BLQ (LOQ0.1)

Note:BLQ: Below Level of Quantification, LOQ: Limit Of Quantification, BDL: Below Detectable Limit, DL: Detectable Limit, NTU: NephelometricTurbidity Unit, mg/l: Milligrams per Liter.


128 | P a g e

3.10.1.1 Results and Discussions

Summary of analytical results are presented below:

All the ground water analytical results are compared with IS 10500:2012, drinking water

standards.

The pH of the collected ground water sample ranged from 7.09 to 8.37 which are within

the acceptable limit of IS 10500:2012.

The concentrations of fluoride in the collected ground water sample ranged from 0.19 to

0.57 mg/l which are well within the acceptable limit of IS 10500:2012.

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) value of the collected ground water sample varied from

226 mg/l to 1582 mg/l, where TDS value of some of the samples exceeds the acceptable

limits but TDS values of all the collected ground water samples are within the

permissible limits of IS 10500: 2012.

Total hardness of the collected ground water sample ranged from 125 mg/l to 583 mg/l,

where Total Hardness value of most samples exceeds the acceptable limits but all are

within the permissible limits of IS 10500: 2012.

The Total alkalinity as calcium carbonate, Magnesium and Chloride are well within the

permissible limits of IS 10500:2012.

Sulphate content of the collected ground water samples ranged from 28.76 to 175.17

mg/l, which is well below the acceptable limit of IS 10500:2012.

Most of the heavy metals concentrations in the collected ground water samples are

below the limit of quantification and all are well within the limits prescribed by IS

10500:2012.

3.11 Soil as a resource and its quality

Soils have been classified into 1) Sandy soil 2) Sandy loam 3) Red loam 4) Clay 5) Clayey loam

and 6) Black cotton soils. The red loamy soils are generally observed at the highest elevations

whereas the black cotton soils invariably occupy the valley areas. Other types of soils are found

at Intermediate elevations.

3.11.1 Soil quality

In order to assess the quality of soil at different locations in the study area, various land use

categories were taken into account. Soil sampling was carried out at Eight (08) locations in the

study area. Soil analysis was carried as per IS: 2720 methods. Soil quality monitoring locations


129 | P a g e

are given in Table 3-19 and the results are given in Table 3-19. Map showing the soil

monitoring locations is given as Figure 3-17.

Table 3-19 Soil Quality monitoring locations

Location Code Location Distance (Km) w.r.t project site Direction

S1 Project Site -

S2 Ammur 2.62 NE

S3 Walajapet 4.53 SSE

S4 Arcot 6.37 SSW

S5 Karai 4.01 SW

S6 Tanthaiperiyarnagar 2.81 SW

S7 Ranipet- SIPCOT 4.98 W

S8 Kalpudur 3.98 NNW


130

Figure 3-22 Map showing soil monitoring locations


131

Table 3-20 Soil monitoring results

S. No Parameters Units Project site Ammur Walajapet Arcot Karai Tanthaiperiyarnagar

Ranipet -SIPCOT Kalpudur

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8

1 Soil Texture - Sandy ClayLoam Clay Sandy

LoamSandy ClayLoam Clay Loam Sandy Clay Loam Clay Clay

2 Sand % 52.4 42.5 78.2 68.4 44.26 60.2 42.4 42.43 Silt % 10.4 8.3 9.4 9.2 25.54 8.3 10.2 5.44 Clay % 37.2 49.2 12.4 22.4 30.20 31.5 47.4 52.25 pH - 6.22 5.1 7.24 6.92 7.1 7.06 7.24 6.086 Electrical Conductivity µmhos/cm 94 69.9 110.3 77 82.24 90.34 70 88.27 Infiltration Rate cm/hr 32.0 33.0 30.0 19.0 27.0 18.0 28.0 16.08 Bulk Density gm/cc 1.22 1.32 1.24 1.28 1.4 1.28 1.36 1.39 Cation Exchange Capacity meq/100 gm 18.9 25.6 6.3 11.5 15.9 16.3 25.1 26.810 Moisture content % 5.5 3.26 2.48 2.33 2.3 4.82 5.4 2.411 Water Holding Capacity % 20.1 19.8 22.4 22.3 20.9 24.5 21.4 23.712 Organic Carbon % 0.160 0.540 0.040 0.160 0.420 0.350 0.820 0.38013 Organic matter % 0.28 0.93 0.07 0.28 0.72 0.60 1.41 0.6614 Nitrogen as N mg/kg 154 301.97 138 154 400 342 561.65 37215 Phosphorus mg/kg 40.28 36.2 17.47 15.54 39.26 29.54 40.04 46.6916 Potassium mg/kg 160 94 180 170 154 140 172 12017 Calcium mg/kg 121.45 268.59 207.52 174.19 266.16 105.56 285.98 163.8018 Magnesium mg/kg 75 49 96 158 122 120.08 200 90

19 Boron mg/kg BDL(DL0.1)

BDL(DL0.1

BDL(DL0.1)

BDL(DL0.1)

BDL(DL0.1)

BDL(DL0.1)

BDL(DL0.1)

BDL(DL0.1)

20 Cadmium mg/kg BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 0.1)

21 Chromium mg/kg 95.59 21.64 20.29 4.17 9.08 6.78 8.57 8.9922 Copper mg/kg 10.26 21.64 15.29 5.28 6.29 7.91 7.19 6.6823 Iron mg/kg 14061.57 24147.17 20947.49 16144.47 10851.02 15209.49 11300.54 10349.5624 Manganese mg/kg 77.26 153.05 139.83 24.47 54.22 43.99 35.93 41.9325 Zinc mg/kg 19.58 14.78 5.62 6.95 3.25 1.49 4.37 7.27


132

Note: % -Percent, mg/kg - Milligrams per kilogram, cm/hr - Centimetres per hour, gm/cc - Grams per

Cubic Centimeter, μs/cm-microsiemens/centimeter, meq/100g-milliequivalents per 100 grams, BDL –

Below Detectable Limit, DL – Detectable Limit, BLQ – Below Limit of Quantification, LOQ – Limit of

Quantification

3.11.2 Results and Discussion

The pH of the soil samples ranged from 5.1 – 7.24 indicating that the soil is slightly

acidic to neutral in nature.

Conductivity of the soil samples ranged from 70 – 110.3 μS/cm. As the EC value is

less than 2000 μS/cm, the soil is found to be non-saline in nature

Nitrogen content in the collected soil samples ranges from 138 mg/kg to 561.65

mg/kg.

Phosphorous content in the collected soil samples ranges from 15.54 mg/kg to 46.69

mg/kg.

Potassium content in the collected soil samples ranges from 94 mg/kg to 180 mg/kg.

3.12 Biological Environment

Study of biological environment is one of the most important aspect for Environmental

Impact Assessment, in view of the need for conservation of environmental quality and

biodiversity. Generally, biological communities are the good indicators of climatic and

edaphic factors. Studies on biological aspects of ecosystems are important in Environmental

Impact Assessment for safety of natural flora and fauna information on the impact

ofenvironmental stress on community structure serves as an inexpensive and efficient early

warning system to check the damage to a particular ecosystem. The biological environment

includes mainly terrestrial ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem. The study of terrestrial

ecology within the study area of 10 Km radius was carried out through field investigation as

well as Secondary data collected. Detailed Biological report attached as Annexure 21.

3.12.1 Flora

This section describes terrestrial ecology of the area based on reconnaissance survey and

information gathered from secondary data available for the area. List of flora

reported/observed in the study area is given in Table 3-21.


133

Table 3-21List of flora observed/reported in the study area

S. No Botanical Name Family Name Common Name IUCN statusTree

1 Embilica officinalis Phyllanthaceae Toppi NA2 Albizia amara Fabaceae Usilai NA3 Albizia lebbeck Fabaceae Siridam NA4 Syzygium cumini Mytraceae Naval NA5 Terminalia catappa Combretaceae Nattuvadumai NA6 Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Mamaram DD7 Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Murungai NA8 Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Veppai LC9 Ficus religiosa Moraceae Arasa maram NA

10 Cocos nucifera Arecaceae Tennai NA11 Borassus flabellifer Arecaceae Talam NA12 Peltophorum pterocarpum Fabaceae yellow flametree NA13 Prosopis juliflora Fabaceae Mulmaram NA14 Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae Ashoka maram NA15 Acacia auriculiformis Fabaceae Australian wattle LC16 Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Fabaceae Mallam Konnai NA17 Albizia falcataria Mimosaceae -- NA18 Pithecellobium dulce Fabaceae Kodukapuli G519 Ficus hispida Moraceae Pei-atthi NA20 Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Vilva maram NA21 Couroupita guianensis Lecythidaceae Naagalingam LC22 Casuarina equisetifolia Casuarinaceae Savukku NA23 Senna auriculata Fabaceae Avaarai NA24 Gliricidia sepium Fabaceae Vivasaaya Thegarai NA

Herb25 Solanum trilobatum Nightshade Thoodhuvalai NA26 Crotolaria verrucose legume Salangaichedi DD27 Barringtonia acutangula Lecythidaceae Samudra Pazham LC28 Abutilon indicum Mallows Thuthi NA29 Abrus precatorius Legumes Kundumani DD30 Asparagus racemosus Asparagaceae Thannir-vittan LC

Grass31 Digitaria bicornis Poaceae Menmaiyana kutai pul DD32 Chloris montana Poaceae - LC33 Heteropogan contortus Poaceae - LC34 Saccharum officinarum poaceae Karumpu LC35 Cynodon dactylon poaceae Arugambil LC

Shrub36 Calatropis gigantea Apocynaceae Erukku NA37 Cascabela thevetia Apocynaceae Pachaiyalari NA38 Wrightia tinctoria Apocynaceae Irumpaalai NA

Creeper


134

39 Clitoria ternatea Fabaceae - NA40 Diplocyclos palmatus Cucurbitaceae Aivirali NA41 Hemidesmus indicus Apocynaceae - NA42 Gloriousa superba Colchicaceae Kallappai Kilangu LC

LC- Least Concern, NT- near Threatened, EN- Endangered, NA-Not yet assessed, DD -DataDeficient, VU-Vulnerable, IUCN- International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Source: https://www.tntreepedia.com/location-result/?id=Vellore

3.12.2 Fauna

For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area with respect to wild

mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and insect species a baseline survey was conducted

in the study area.

Domestic – The domestic animals are mainly mammals like Cow, Goat, Cat, Dog etc. found

commonly in the study area.

Wild Animals – Since the natural forests constitute less portion of the forest area wildlife

does not offer a wide spectrum of species. Some reptiles and amphibians can also be seen

with a number of bird species. List of fauna and avifauna reported/observed in the study

area is given in Table 3-22.Table 3-22 List of Fauna observed/reported in the study area

S.No Botanical Name Family Name Common Name IUCNAmphibia

1 Bufo melanostictus Bufonidae Toad LC2 Hyla arborea Hylidae Tree frog LC3 Rana cyanophlyctis Bufonidae Frog LC4 Hoplobatrachus tigerinus Bufonidae Bull Frog LC

Mammals1 Bandicota bengalensis Muridae Sind Rice Rat LC2 Cynopterus sphinx Megabat Short-nosed Fruit Bat LC3 Funambulus palmaram Sciuridae Three striped palm Squirrel LC4 Herpestes edwardii Herpestidae Indian Grey Mongoose LC5 Rattus norvegicus Muridae Field mouse LC6 Felis chaus Felidae Jungle cat NA7 Canis aureus Canidae Jackal NA8 Helogale hirtula Herpestidae Mangoose NA9 Anathana ellioti Tupaiidae Madras treeshrew LC

Reptiles1 Ahaetulla nasuta Colubridae Pachai pambu LC2 Bungarus fasciatus Elapidae Banded Krait LC3 Calotes ellioti Agamidae Elliot's Forest Lizard LC4 Chameleo zeylanicus Chamaeleonidae Indian chameleon LC


135

5 Eryx johnii Boidae Indian sand boa LC6 Daboia russelii Viperidae Kannadi Viriyan LC

Butterfly1 Graphium agamemnos Papilionidae Tailed jay NA2 Hypolimnas bolina Nymphalidae Great egg fly NA3 Junoria almanac Nymphalidae Peacock pansy LC4 Pachliopta hector Lin. Papilionidae Crimson rose NA5 Papilio demoleu Papilionidae Lime butterfly NA

Birds1 Ardea purpurea Ardeidae Purple Heron LC2 Alcedo atthis Alcedinidae Common Kingfisher LC3 Athene brama Strigidae Spotted Owlet LC4 Bubulcus ibis Ardeidae Cattle egret LC5 Centropus sinensis Cuculidae Crow Pheasant LC6 Chloropsis aurifrons Chloropseidae Golden-fronted Leafbird LC7 Clamator jacobinus Cuculidae Pied Crested Cuckoo LC8 Copsychus saularis Muscicapidae Magpie robin LC9 Dicrurus paradiseus Dicruridae Racket tailed drongo LC

10 Dicrurus adsimilis Dicruridae King Crow LC11 Egretta garzetta Ardeidae Little egret LC12 Elanus caeruleus Accipitridae Kite LC13 Francolinus pondicerianus Phasianidae Grey Francolin LC14 Galerida cristata Alaudidae Crested Lark LC15 Gallus sonneratii Phasianidae Grey jungle fowl LC16 Motacilla maderaspatensis Motacillidae Large pied Wagtail LC17 Nectarinia asiatica Nectariniidae Purple Sun Bird LC18 Pavo cristatus Phasianidae Indian Peafowl LC20 Psittacula krameri Psittacidae Rose ringed Parakeet LC21 Pycnonotus cafer Pycnonotidae Red vented Bulbul LC22 Spilornis cheela Accipitridae Crested Serpent-eagle LC24 G. sonneratii Phasianidae Grey jungle fowl NA25 Acridotheres tristis Sturnidae Myna NA26 Accipiter badius Accipitridae Shikra NA27 Alauda gulgula Alaudidae Oriental Sky Lark NA28 Bubo bengalensis Strigidae Indian Eagle Owl NA29 Corvus splendens Corvidae House Crow NA30 Dendrocitta vagabunda Corvidae Rufous Treepie NA31 Dicrurus macrocercus Dicruridae Black Drongo NA32 Eudynamys scolopacea Cuculidae Asian Koel NA33 Perdicula asiatica Phasianidae Jungle bush quail LC

Note: LC- Least Concern, NT- near Threatened, EN- Endangered, NA-Not yet assessed, DD -Data

Deficient, VU-Vulnerable, IUCN- International Union for Conservation of Nature

Source:https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/list


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3.13 Socio economic status

Vellore district was ranked 3rd in terms of the highest population in Tamil Nadu State. The

population of the district is 39,36,331 which comprise of 19,61,688 male and 19,74,643

female populations.


3.13.1 Socio Economic Aspects[

A socio-economic study was undertaken in assessing aspects which are dealing with social

and cultural conditions, and economic status in the study area. The study provides

information such as demographic structure, population dynamics, infrastructure resources,

and the status of human health and economic attributes like employment, per-capita income,

agriculture, trade, and industrial development in the study area. The study of these

characteristic helps in identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts on socio-economic

and parameters of human interest due to proposed project developments. The parameters

are:

Demographic structure

Infrastructure Facility

Economic Status

Health status

Cultural attributes

Awareness and opinion of people about the project and Industries in the area.

Table 3-23 provides the certain important social indicators of Vellore district in Tamil Nadu.

Table 3-23Social IndicatorsS.No Social Indicators Vellore1 Decadal variation % 13.22 Urban population % 43.23 Sex ratio 10074 0-6 age group % 10.355 Population density (Persons per square Km) 6486 Scheduled caste population % 21.857 Scheduled tribe population % 1.858 Literacy rate % 79.1710 Main Workers % 34.5511 Marginal Workers % 8.3612 Cultivators % 10.3713 Agricultural labourers % 23.2014 Workers in household industries % 8.0815 Other workers % 58.36


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3.13.1.1 Population and Household Size[

The population of the district is 39,36,331 which comprise of 19,61,688 male and 19,74,643

female populations. Rural population in Vellore district is 2,234,344and urban population is

1,701,987.Total numbers of households in the Vellore district is 926,999.Source:

http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/33/3304_PART_A_DCHB_VELLORE.pdf

3.13.1.2 Sex Ratio[

As per 2011 Census there are 996 females for every 1,000 males in Vellore district. The sex

ratio of 0-6 age group is 944 for district.Source:http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/33/3304_PART_A_DCHB_VELLORE.pdf

3.13.1.3 Scheduled Caste (SC) & Scheduled Tribes (ST)

Vellore district has Scheduled Caste population of 860212which accounts for 21.85 % of

total population of the district. It has Scheduled Tribe Population of 72955 which accounts for

1.85% of total population of the district.Source:


3.13.1.4 Education & Literacy

The study of the education and literacy profile in the region is relevant in order to have an

understanding whether the proposed project can utilize skilled human resources available

within the area. According to 2011 census data, the literacy rate in the Vellore district is

79.17 %. The literacy rate has been the major determinant of the rise or fall of the other

indicators. The accessibility of Primary and Upper Primary education has increased the

literacy rate as well as reducing the dropout rate. Table 3-24 shows the details of education

infrastructures.

Table 3-24 Educational Infrastructures

Type of schoolTotal schools Rural SchoolsGovernment Private Government Private

Primary 1439 660 1307 401Primary + Upper Primary 460 84 410 44P + UP+ Secondary + Higher Secondary 13 122 8 68UP only 0 1 0 1


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UP + Secondary + Higher Secondary 175 63 138 11P + UP + Secondary 13 79 11 55UP + Secondary 174 25 166 15(Source:District Information Systems on Education (DISE report card 2016-17))

3.13.1.5 Health Facilities

Primary Health Centres (PHCs) and Health Sub-centres (HSCs) are providing the

preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care services to the rural people. The district

has good number of public health systems accessible and affordable apart from the private

health facilities. The Health Facilities given in Table 3-25.Table 3-25 Socio economic analysis: Health care

Name of the District Type SC PHC CHC SDH DH Total

VellorePublic 455 104 20 13 1 593Private 0 0 1 0 0 1Total 455 104 21 13 1 594

(Note: SC (Sub Center), PHC (Primary Health Center), CHC (Community Health Center), SDH (Sub

District Hospital), DH (District Hospital)

(Source:National Health Mission, as on April 24, 2019)

3.13.1.6 Economic Activity & Livelihood Pattern

The relevance of economic activity and livelihood pattern is important in the context of the

Study. Depending on the existing situation one can predict the impact of the project activity

on the economy of the region. The total land area (rural) of Vellore district is 425900.7 Ha. In

Vellore district, as per the Census 2011, there were a total of 16,89,330 workers, comprising

1,75,108 cultivators, 3,91,955 agricultural labourers, 1,36,415 house hold Industry workers,

9,85,852 other workers.Source:


3.13.2 Social Economic Profile of the study area[

The villages and towns covering less than 10 km radius from the boundary of the project site

are taken for the study. Table 3-26 Shows the list of locations which comes under the study

area. Table 3-27 shows the socio-economic indicators within the study area.

Table 3-26 List of villages in the study areaS. No Location S. No Location

0-5 km1. Ammoor 2. Ranipettai3. Chettithagal 4. Vanapadi5. Chithathoor 6. Lalapettai7. Kalmelkuppam 8. Velam9. Maniyambattu 10. Pinii


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S. No Location S. No Location5-10 km

11. Walajapet 12. Narasingapuram13. Navlock garden 14. Arcot15. Tajpura 16. Ammanathangal17. Anandhalai 18. Bagaveli19. Chennesadram 20. Ekambaranellur21. Gudimallur 22. Jambukulam23. Katharikuppam 24. Kattarampakkam25. Kesavanankuppam 26. Kolatheri27. Mangadu 28. Marudalam29. Marudampakkam 30. Muppaduvetti31. Musiri 32. Ozhughur33. Padiyampakkam 34. Poongodu35. Sekkadikuppam 36. Sembarayanallore37. Sengalnatham 38. Sikarajapuram39. Sripadanallore 40. Thagarakuppam41. Thalangai 42. Thalanur43. Thengal 44. Thirumalaicheri45. Valluvambakkam 46. Veppalai47. Vanghur 48. sengadu

Table 3-27Summary of Socio-economic indicators within the study area

S.No ParticularsStudy area

Unit0-5 Km 5-10 Km

1 Number of villages in the Study Area 7 33 Nos.2 Number of Towns in the Study Area 4 5 Nos.3 Total Households 10643 43099 Nos.4 Total Population 44332 175333 Nos.5 SC Population 8393 30000 Nos.6 ST Population 2214 1066 Nos.7 Total Working Population 18171 74635 Nos.8 Main Workers 16045 62193 Nos.9 Marginal Workers 2488 12442 Nos.

10 Cultivators 2872 7450 Nos.11 Agricultural labours 3126 13720 Nos.12 Household Industries 1653 3565 Nos.13 Other Workers 13043 49945 Nos.14 Literates 29479 126305 Nos.

(Source:Census 2011)

A walk-through survey was conducted by visiting rural place within the 10 km radius. While

doing so, many interactions with various people like farmers, women, labours, teachers,

health workers, etc. were conducted.

3.13.2.1 Employment and Livelihood within study areaThe summary of employment and livelihood within the study area is given in Table 3-28.


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Table 3-28Summary of Employment and Livelihood within the study area

S.NO Type of workersStudy Area

0-5 Km 5-10 KmMain Marginal Main Marginal

1 Cultivators 2437 435 6783 6672 Agri. Laborers 2504 622 9563 41573 Household Industries 1533 120 2602 9634 Others 11778 1265 43290 6655

(Source:Census 2011)

3.13.2.2 Educational Infrastructure within study areaThe district has good primary and secondary education infrastructure in urban and rural

areas. The people around the study area are well connected to educational infrastructure.

The educational facilities within the study area are summarized in Table 3-29.

Table 3-29 Details of Education facilities within study area

S. No Type of School Numbers0-5 Km 5-10 Km

1 Government Pre-Primary school 15 602 Private Pre-Primary school 4 163 Government Primary school 12 734 Private Primary school 3 105 Government Middle school 5 296 Private Middle school 0 47 Government Secondary school 2 78 Private Secondary school 0 29 Government Senior Secondary school 1 210 Private Senior Secondary school 0 0(Source:Census 2011)

Table 3-30 shows the literates population and the percentage within the study area.

Table 3-30 Literates population and the percentage within the study areaSl. No Name Total Population Literates Population % Literates0-5 Km1 Ammoor (TP) 12513 8982 71.782 Ranipettai (M) 50764 41117 813 Chettithangal (CT) 7780 5714 73.444 Vanapadi (CT) 5334 3860 72.375 Chithathoor 801 570 71.766 Lalapettai 4264 2979 69.867 Kalmelkuppam 5203 3798 738 Velam 6247 4407 70.559 Maniyambattu 5258 4199 79.8610 Manthangal 2905 358 12.32


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Sl. No Name Total Population Literates Population % Literates11 Pinji 902 94 10.425-10 Km1 Walajapet (M + OG) 47498 35991 75.772 Narasingapuram (CT) 11454 9053 79.043 Navlock Garden (CT) 20171 15775 78.214 Arcot(M) 55955 44382 79.325 Tajpura (CT) 8075 5804 71.886 Ammananthangal 4221 3339 79.107 Anandhalai 8365 5920 70.778 Bagaveli 1456 951 65.329 Chennesamudram 3201 2140 66.8510 Ekambaranellur 1933 1281 66.2711 Gudimallur 1968 1207 61.3312 Jambukulam 3301 2196 66.5313 Katharikuppam 1213 366 30.1714 Kattarampakkam 2105 1466 69.6415 KesavananKuppam 1169 858 73.4016 Kolatheri 936 614 65.6017 Mangadu 3659 2582 70.5718 Marudalam 4702 3119 66.3319 Marudampakkam 2085 1391 66.7120 Muppaduvetti 4162 3082 74.0521 Musiri 1397 995 71.2222 Ozhughur 3596 2481 68.9923 Padiyampakkam 2197 1190 54.1624 Poongodu 349 278 79.6625 Sekkadikuppam 959 563 58.7126 Sembarayanallore 2265 1735 76.6027 Sengalnatham 2535 1505 59.3728 Sikarajapuram 5541 4335 78.2329 Sripadanallore 663 514 77.5330 Thagarakuppam 2810 1589 56.5531 Thalangai 2510 1697 67.6132 Thalanur 4570 2999 65.6233 Thengal 1586 1046 65.9534 Thirumalaicheri 2269 1666 73.4235 Valluvambakkam 3442 2453 71.2736 Veppalai 1826 1210 66.27


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Sl. No Name Total Population Literates Population % Literates37 Vanghur 4112 2578 62.6938 Sengadu 4721 2880 61.00(Source:Census 2011)

3.13.2.3 Health facility within the study areaThe majority of people visit nearby Hospitals/health services provided by the Government.

The area has got good public health facilities at easily reachable distances. There was no

major health issues reported in our survey. Even for any minor ailments they contact medical

facilities immediately as it is very accessible to them. The local transport facilities and the

communication facilities are the main reasons to get immediate medical attention. The

incidents of institutional delivery are high due to awareness, education, economic

development, proximity to health delivery system. The Infant mortality rate and the maternal

mortality rate have significantly reduced. The health facilities within the study area are given

in Table 3-31.

Table 3-31 Health facility within the study area

S. No TypeNumbers

0-5 Km 5-10 Km1 Community health centre 1 02 Primary health centre 1 23 Primary health sub-centre 5 264 Maternity and Child Welfare Centre 1 65 TB hospital/Clinic 1 26 Hospital Allopathic 0 07 Hospital Alternative Medicine 0 08 Dispensary 1 29 Veterinary hospital 0 3

10 Mobile health clinic 0 011 Family Welfare Centre 1 2

(Source: Census 2011)

3.13.2.4 Drinking water facilities within the study areaWe found that in all the villages, the drinking water connectivity is well established. The bore

wells and piped water are main sources of drinking water. Table 3-32 shows the drinking

sources in the study area.


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Table 3-32 Drinking water sources in the study area

S. NO NameTap Water-Treated(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Tap WaterUntreated(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

CoveredWell(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

UncoveredWell(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Hand Pump(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

TubeWells/Borehole(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Spring(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

River/Canal(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Tank/Pond/Lake (StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Others(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

0-5 Km1 Chithathoor 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 22 Lalapettai 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 23 Kalmelkuppam 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 14 Velam 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 15 Chithathoor 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 26 Maniyambattu 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 27 Manthangal 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 18 Pinji 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 2 2 19 Chithathoor 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 210 Lalapettai 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 211 Kalmelkuppam 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 15-10 Km

1 Ammananthangal 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2

2 Anandhalai 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 13 Bagaveli 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2

4 Chennesamudram 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2

5 Ekambaranellur 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2

6 Gudimallur 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 17 Jambukulam 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2

8 Katharikuppam 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2

9 Kattarampakkam 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2

10 KesavananKuppam 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

11 Kolatheri 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 212 Mangadu 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 213 Marudalam 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2


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S. NO NameTap Water-Treated(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Tap WaterUntreated(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

CoveredWell(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

UncoveredWell(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Hand Pump(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

TubeWells/Borehole(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Spring(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

River/Canal(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Tank/Pond/Lake (StatusA(1)/NA(2))

Others(StatusA(1)/NA(2))

14 Marudampakkam 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2

15 Muppaduvetti 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 116 Musiri 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 217 Ozhughur 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 218 Padiyampakka

m 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2

19 Poongodu 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2

20 Sekkadikuppam 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2

21 Sembarayanallore 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2

22 Sengalnatham 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 223 Sikarajapuram 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 124 Sripadanallore 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2

25 Thagarakuppam 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2

26 Thalangai 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 127 Thalanur 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 228 Thengal 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

29 Thirumalaicheri 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

30 Valluvambakkam 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1

31 Veppalai 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 232 Vanghur 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 233 Sengadu 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1Note: A – Available; NA – Not Available

(Source: Census 2011)


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3.13.2.5 SummaryThe Socioeconomic profile of the study area shows that the majority of people in the study area

work in non-agricultural sector. They have good educational infrastructures and the people in

the study area are well connected to the educational infrastructures. The average literacy rate of

the study area is 69.03 % which is less than the district literacy rate of 84.5 %. The people in the

study area are well connected to Government primary health centres and Primary health sub-

centres and also they have emergency ambulance service “108” which active all over the state.


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Chapter 4 Anticipated EnvironmentalImpacts and Mitigation Measures


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4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

4.1 Introduction

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of evaluating the likely environmental

impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic,

cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse. It aims to predict environmental

impacts at an early stage in project planning and design, find ways and means to reduce

adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local environment and present the predictions and

options to decision-makers. By using EIA both environmental and economic benefits can be

achieved, such as reduced cost and time of project implementation and design, avoided

treatment/clean-up costs and impacts of laws and regulations. The main purpose of identifying

the impacts is that it helps in adopting appropriate mitigation measures for the adverse

consequences if any. The impacts on the environmental indices viz. air, water, soil, noise,

biological and socioeconomic conditions are scrutinized methodically and assessed.

The most likely impacts on the environment due to the proposed project need to be appraised

during the two different phases of the project namely pre-operation/construction phase and

operation phase. The particulars on impacts that could be triggered on the environmental

attributes by the activities of the proposed project are discussed below.

4.2 Construction phase

Impact assessment during the construction phase of the project is of importance as the

construction activities lead to adverse effects on the environment on a short-term basis. The

major activities that are undertaken during this phase are civil works, mechanical works,

machinery works and transportation works.

4.3 Operation phase

From an environmental perspective, this phase is of paramount significance due to its potential

to invoke long-term impacts. The adverse effects that are likely to occur during this operational

phase of the project are: Air Pollution (gaseous emissions), Effluent generation, Noise

generation, Solid waste generation etc.


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4.3.1 Land environment

The proposed expansion is for products only and no additional area is required for expansion.

Hence there will not be any change in land use pattern of the surrounding area.

The sewage generated will be treated in STP and recycled for green belt. The industrial effluent

will be treated in Neutralization Tank and MEE. Salts from MEE will be sent to TSDF and

condensate will be recycled to boiler, cooling tower by maintaining ZLD (Zero Liquid Discharge),

hence there will be no discharge on land premises.

4.3.2 Soil environment

4.3.2.1 Impacts

1. During operational phase, there will be chances of soil contamination due to improper

working of machineries or during transportation of raw materials or finished products.

2. Spillage of chemicals during loading, unloading and transfer, leakage of pumps etc.

3. Impact on soil environment may be due to solid waste disposal and hazardous waste

storage and handling.

4.3.2.2 Mitigation Measures

Since the proposed expansion will be carried out within the existing premises, there will

not be any change in soil quality of the area.

Regular maintenance of plant machineries will be carried out and proper care will be

taken while loading, unloading and transfer of materials to avoid any soil contamination.

Regular maintenance of Multiple Effect Evaporator (MEE) to ensure efficient operation.

Domestic wastewater is being disposed of in septic tank and the same practice will be

followed for the proposed expansion project.

The hazardous waste generated is stored and handled as per the Hazardous and Other

wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules 2016and the same practice

will be followed for the proposed expansion project.

4.3.3 Air Environment

Base line data reveals that ambient air quality in the study area for the Parameters PM10, PM2.5

SO2 & NOX, are well within the permissible Limits as prescribed by the National Ambient Air

Quality Standards (NAAQS) for Industrial Area, Residential, Rural & Other areas.


149

Utility requirements will be met by Diesel Generator and wood-fired Boiler, which contribute

primarily to emissions of Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide and Oxides of

Nitrogen.

4.3.3.1 Meteorological data

The meteorological data for the monitoring period, i.e. from 15/01/2019 to 30/04/2019 was

considered for the study. Data included for AERMET were daily wind speed, wind direction,

temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, precipitation, and solar radiation recorded during

the period. AERMET reformats meteorological data so that it can be used as input for AERMOD

model. Meteorology considered for modelling is shown in Figure 4-1.

Figure 4-1 Windrose diagram for the zone (15th Jan, 2019 – 30th April, 2019)

4.3.3.2 AERMET process

For the 3 phase AERMET processing of the meteorological data, specifications of the land use

in the area are required to determine the terrain roughness for modelling. The land use was

characterized for in and around the site. The surface characteristics for the site and


150

surroundings were selected and used to calculate the Albedo, Bowen ratio and surface

roughness parameters.

4.3.3.3 AERMOD process

AERMOD Software Version 8.0.5 was used for air dispersion modelling and is applicable to a

wide range of buoyant or neutrally buoyant emissions up to a range of 50 km. In addition to

more straight forward cases, AERMOD is also suitable for complex terrain and urban dispersion

scenarios.

AERMOD is a steady-state plume model. In the stable boundary layer (SBL), it assumes the

concentration distribution to be Gaussian in both the vertical and horizontal. In the convective

boundary layer (CBL), the horizontal distribution is also assumed to be Gaussian, but the

vertical distribution is described with a bi-Gaussian probability density function (pdf). This

behavior of the concentration distributions in the CBL was demonstrated by Willis and Deardorff

(1981) and Briggs (1993). Additionally, in the CBL, AERMOD treats “plume lofting,” whereby a

portion of plume mass, released from a buoyant source, rises to and remains near the top of the

boundary layer before becoming mixed into the CBL. AERMOD also tracks any plume mass

that penetrates into the elevated stable layer, and then allows it to re-enter the boundary layer

when and if appropriate. For sources in both the CBL and the SBL AERMOD treats the

enhancement of lateral dispersion resulting from plume meander.

The uncontrolled emissions from the proposed DG stack are estimated and used for the air

dispersion modeling as shown in Table 4-2. Maximum incremental values for PM10, SO2, NOX

and CO have been represented as pictorial concentration contours and as tabular concentration

values in following sections.


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Table 4-1 Existing stack emission details

Source Fuel usedStack Details Emission per stack (g/s)

No ofStack

Height(m) AGL

Dia(m)

Temp(°C)

ExitVelocity(m/s)

PM SO2 NOX

Boiler 0.75TPH (1 No)

Fire Wood75MT/Month

1 20 0.4 126 8.2 0.0309 0.0095 0.0156

DG 100kVA (1 No)

Diesel0.4 KL perMonth

1 4 0.14 154 14.3 0.0023 0.00048 0.00778

Source Fuel usedStack Details Emission per stack (mg/Nm3)

Flowrate(Nm3/Hr)

Height(m) AGL

Dia(m)

Temp(°C)

ExitVelocity(m/s)

VOCs HCL H2SO4

ProcessStack- WetScrubber

128 6 0.12 29 3.5 BLQ (LOQ0.1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

BLQ(LOQ 1)

Table 4-2 Proposed stack emission details

Stack details

Stack Details Emission per stack (g/s)

Height(m) Dia. (m)

ExitVelocity(m/s)

Temp(°C) PM10 SO2 NOX

DieselGenerator200KVA

9 0.2 15 200 0.0594 0.0551 0.8356

Note:1. The existing stacks emissions test results have been attached as Annexure 19.2. The scrubber efficiency is 90%. Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds, Hydrochloric

Acid and Sulfuric Acid from the process stack are well controlled to Below the Limit ofQuantification (BLQ).

3. For proposed DG stack, the minimum height was calculated as:H = h + 0.2 ( ) {where, h is height of the nearest building}.

4. Assuming the process emissions double as a result of the proposed expansion, the GLCmodeling has been carried out for acid mist and VOC emissions from process stack.


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Figure 4-2Predicted 24-Hrs GLC’s of PM10 within 10 km Radius of the Study Area

Table 4-3Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of PM10 Obtained ThroughModeling

S.NOUTM coordinates (m) Conc.

(µg/m3)Distance from

Centre of Sources(Km)

Direction fromSource CentreLatitude (E) Longitude (N)

1 320206.3 1433768 0.07755 02 321206.3 1433768 0.0207 1.00 E3 322206.3 1433768 0.01373 2.00 E4 318206.3 1432772 0.01309 2.21 WSW5 318206.3 1435761 0.01136 2.80 NW6 320206.3 1432772 0.00943 1.00 S7 323206.3 1434765 0.00936 3.18 ENE8 323206.3 1433768 0.00901 3.00 E9 319206.3 1432772 0.00869 1.40 SW

10 319206.3 1433768 0.00831 1.00 W


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Figure 4-3 Predicted 24-Hrs GLC’s of SO2 within 10 km Radius of the Study Area

Table 4-4 Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of SO2 Obtained ThroughModeling

S. No UTM coordinates (m) Conc.(µg/m3)

Distance fromCenter of Sources

(Km)Direction fromSource CenterE N

1. 320206.3 1433768 0.07189 02. 321206.3 1433768 0.01919 1.00 E3. 322206.3 1433768 0.01273 2.00 E4. 318206.3 1432772 0.01214 2.21 WSW5. 318206.3 1435761 0.01053 2.80 NW6. 320206.3 1432772 0.00874 1.00 S7. 323206.3 1434765 0.00867 3.18 ENE8. 323206.3 1433768 0.00835 3.00 E9. 319206.3 1432772 0.00806 1.40 SW10. 319206.3 1433768 0.00771 1.00 W


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Figure 4-4 Predicted 24-Hrs GLC’s of NOX within 10 km Radius of the Study Area

Table 4-5 Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of Oxides of NitrogenObtained Through Modeling

S. No UTM coordinates (m) Conc.(µg/m3)

Distance fromCentre of IP (~Km)

Direction fromCentre of IPE N

1. 320206.3 1433768 1.09 02. 321206.3 1433768 0.29097 1.00 E3. 322206.3 1433768 0.19302 2.00 E4. 318206.3 1432772 0.18401 2.21 WSW5. 318206.3 1435761 0.15972 2.80 NW6. 320206.3 1432772 0.13253 1.00 S7. 323206.3 1434765 0.13149 3.18 ENE8. 323206.3 1433768 0.1266 3.00 E9. 319206.3 1432772 0.12213 1.40 SW10. 319206.3 1433768 0.11684 1.00 W


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4.3.3.4 Conclusion

Maximum pollutant concentrations of PM10, SO2, NOX, VOCs and Acid Mist observed due to

proposed expansion for a 24 hr-average period have been studied. The total increase in air

pollutant concentrations above baseline status to estimate the percentage increase and

summarized in Table 4-6.

Table 4-6 Total Maximum GLC’s from the Stack Emission

PollutantMaximum

Conc.(µg/m3)

PredictedConc. atsource(µg/m3)

Total Conc.(µg/m3)

NAAQstandard(µg/m3)

Distancefrom Centerof Source

(km)

Directionfrom

Source

% contribution inExisting

ConcentrationLevels

PM10 84.5 0.07755 84.57755 100 0 - 0.09SO2 14.8 0.07189 14.87189 80 0 - 0.49NOX 28.2 1.09 29.29 80 0 - 3.87

4.3.4 Impacts due to Traffic and TransportationThe vehicular movement for the proposed project is given in Table 4-7.

Table 4-7 Existing & proposed vehicular movement per hour

S.No

Type ofVehicle

Existingvehicles

trips/Day

Existing PCU

Proposedvehicles

trips/ DayProposed PCU

Totalvehicles

afterproject

implementation

PCUFactors

IRC(SP 41)

Total PCUafter projectimplementati

on

1 Cars 51 51 10 10 61 1 612 2 wheelers 346 173 25 12.5 371 0.5 185.53 3 Wheeler 52 41.6 15 12 67 0.8 53.64 Truck / Lorry 49 171.5 13 45.5 67 3.5 217

Total 498 437.1 63 80 561 5.8 517.1

Based on the traffic for the proposed project, the expected LOS due to the project is given in

Table 4-8.

Table 4-8 Traffic Volume after Implementation of the Project

For theRoad

Volume ofTraffic Volume (V) Road Capacity

(C) V/C Ratio LOSCategory* Traffic Classification

Existing 498 437.1 3600 0.121 A Free Traffic FlowProposed 63 80 3600 0.022 A Free Traffic FlowTotal 561 517.1 - 0.143 A Free Traffic Flow*LOS categories are A-Free Flow, B- Reasonably Free Flow, C-Stable Flow, D-Approaching unstableflow, E- Unstable flow, F- Forced or breakdown flow


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Due to propose project there will be slight increase in the vehicular movement but the level of

service (LOS) anticipated will be Free Flow.

4.3.5 Noise environment

4.3.5.1 Impacts

The noise generated during the operational phase can be divided into two categories

A) Stationary source due to heavy duty machineries at the project site such as DG sets

pumps etc.

B) Mobile source corresponding to mainly vehicular traffic for staff mobilization, materials,

material transportation, liquid fuel transportation to project site, etc.

Vibrations are expected to be generated by various activities associated with the

proposed project during operational phase.

The impact of vibrations beyond the site would be negligible during normal operation

phase.

However, the impacts on workers engaged in the plant area would be considerable due

to occupational exposure.

4.3.5.2 Mitigation Measures

The major noise generating equipment like DG sets will be enclosed in an acoustic

enclosure designed for an insertion loss of 25 dB (A) and silencers to other equipment

etc.

Major noise generating equipment will be designed with 85 dB (A) ensuring cumulative

noise at 1.0 m remains at 85 dB (A).

The occupational noise exposure to the workers in the form of eight hourly times

weighted average will be maintained well within the prescribed Occupational Safety and

Health Administration (OSHA) standard limits.

Adequate PPE will be provided to the staff exposing to noise risks.

Implementation of additional greenbelt for noise attenuation will be undertaken: shrub

plantation; landscaping with horticulture; and Tree plantation at vehicle parking areas

and along approach roads.

Various standards pertaining to vibrations are formulated by statutory bodies like Bureau

of Indian Standards (BIS) and Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS), which is being

practiced would be continued to mitigate the workers’ health effects due to vibrations.


157

4.3.6 Water environment

4.3.6.1 Existing water resources

Impacts

The existing water requirement is 5KLD which will be increased up 20 KLD after proposed

expansion. At present water requirement is met from private tankers.

There may be risk of ground water and surface water contamination due to wastewater

generation and handling from the industrial activities like process, boiler, cooling & washing

activities.

Mitigation MeasuresWastewater will be segregated into Domestic and Industrial effluent. Sewage will be treated in

STP and treated sewage will be recycled for green belt development and industrial effluent will

be sent to Neutralization tank and MEE. The treated effluent will be used within the process and

Zero liquid discharge concept will be maintained; hence no adverse impact is envisaged due to

the proposed expansion project on the environment. The Specification of proposed STP and

MEE is given in Annexure 17.

4.3.6.2 Surface water bodies

Impacts

The surface water and groundwater are the life line of the villages. All the ponds in the area are

working as recharge sites for the under lying groundwater and hence the surface water and

ground water systems are acting like a single unit and therefore cannot be seen in Isolation.

Any contamination in surface drainage due to operation of project could collapse the system

and will have serious impacts to the water resources especially the availability of potable water

in the PIA area. The impacts will be high in the core area especially the 5.0 km radius area.

Mitigation MeasuresZero Liquid discharge will be ensured with proper regulatory and institutional arrangements.

4.3.6.3 Wastewater generation

Impacts

The source of wastewater generation from the project is as follows:


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Industrial process wastewater/effluent

cooling water blow down

Domestic wastewater/Sewage

Equipment cleaning and floor washings, etc.

The untreated wastewater if discharged into nearby surface water may affect the

surface water and/or if disposed off on land without treatment may pollute the ground

and surface water.

Mitigation Measures

Wastewater will be segregated into Domestic and Industrial effluent.

Sewage will be treated in STP and treated sewage will be recycled for green belt

development.

Industrial effluent will be sent to Neutralization tank and MEE.

The treated effluent will be used within the process and Zero liquid discharge concept

will be maintained.


There are no National Parks or Wild Life Sanctuary within the study area

No rare or endangered flora and fauna reported within the study area.

The proposed expansion is for products only and does not involve any additional area

requirement or construction. Hence there will not be any cutting of natural vegetation

and chances of alternation of crop production and pattern of the area due to proposed

expansion.

4.3.8 Solid waste management

4.3.8.1 Impact due to solid waste generation

During operation phase, various types of solid waste are likely to be generated which can be

broadly categorized as Hazardous Waste and Municipal Solid Waste. Further, the generated

Municipal solid waste generation includes biodegradable, recyclable and inert compounds. The

details of solid waste generation and its management proposed are discussed in Chapter 2,

Section 2.9. If the solid waste generated is not properly managed and disposed in unauthorized

manner, it will impact on soil quality, groundwater and air quality.


159

4.3.8.2 Solid waste management

Strict guidelines will be put in place in order to manage the solid waste generation during the

operational phase of the development. The main goals of the guidelines will be to ensure

adopting recycling techniques and encouraging sorting of solid waste at source into organic and

inorganic wastes. Waste management is given in Figure 4-5.

Figure 4-5 Waste Management Concept

4.3.9 Socio-Economic Environment

4.3.9.1 Employment opportunity

The project will have positive impacts mainly due to the employment opportunities. At present

25 staff are placed in the existing unit which will be increased to 35 after proposed expansion.

The preference will be given to local people for employment.


160

Chapter 5Analysis of Alternatives


161

5 Analysis of Alternatives

5.1 Introduction

The proposed project involves expansion and change in product mix within the existing facility

so no alternate sites were considered.

5.2 Alternate site Analysis

M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs is a Private Limited company, engaged in the manufacturing

of synthetic chemicals and drugs. In order to meet the needs of the market, the company

proposes to manufacture additional products within its existing premises at survey no. 457/3A,

457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C (part) Ammoor village, 12/5 (Part) Chettithangal village,

Walajah Taluka, Vellore district, Tamil Nadu. The connectivity of the site is given in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1 Connectivity of the site

S No. Description Name of Connectivity Distance (~km) Direction

1. Nearest Highway NH4 3.07 SW

2. Nearest State Highway SH124A 3.03 SW

3. Nearest Railway Station Walajah Road junction 2.08 NE

4. Nearest Airport

Vellore Airport(under Construction) 30.04 WSW

Tirupathi InternationalAirport (working) 76.3 NNE

5. Nearest seaport Chennai port 103 E

6. Nearest major city Vellore 18.5 WSWSince the project is for expansion and change in product mix, no alternate site was considered.

The existing site has all the facilities and good connectivity.


162

Chapter 6Environmental Monitoring Program


163

6 Environmental Monitoring Program

6.1 Introduction

Environmental monitoring is required to protect the public and the environment from toxic

contaminants and pathogens that can be released into a variety of media including air, soil, and

water. Air pollutants include Sulfur dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen dioxide, and Volatile

Organic Compounds, which originate from sources such as vehicle emissions, power plants,

refineries, and industrial and laboratory processes.

The plan framed for the intended facility will describe:

The details of the proposed mitigation measures taken for safeguarding the environment

at the project site as well as in the vicinity of the industrial site

Details of management plans (Greenbelt development plan, Solid waste management

plan etc.)

Post project environmental monitoring programme to be undertaken after commissioning

of the project.

The associated cost components of the pollution control systems that will be installed at

the site.

For each of the environmental attributes, the monitoring plan specifies the parameters to be

monitored, location of monitoring sites, frequency and duration of monitoring and it also denotes

the applicable standards, implementation and supervising responsibilities.

6.2 Objectives

To provide a database this can be used to determine any short or long-term

environmental impacts of the Project

To verify the environmental impacts predicted in the EIA study

To monitor the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures employed

To determine project compliance with regulatory requirements, standards and

Government policies


164

To provide an early indication and suggest appropriate additional or remedial measures

should any of the environmental mitigation measures or controls fail to achieve

acceptable standards.

To ensure that the areas of environmental concern identified during EIA process are

carried through to, and appropriately considered and incorporated into the detailed

design and tender stage of project

To take remedial action if unexpected problems or unacceptable impacts arise

To implement water quality, air quality and noise impact monitoring programme during

the operational phase

To conduct regular reviews of monitored data as the basis for assessing compliance with

defined criteria

6.3 Environmental Management Plan during Construction phase

For the proposed project expansion will take place within the existing premises. No additional

construction activities are involved.

6.4 Environmental Management Plan during Operation phase

The control measures which will be imposed to mitigate the impacts caused during the

operation phase of the project are as follows:

DG sets will be maintained regularly to ensure stack emission quality within the desirable

limit.

Adequate protective measures will be provided in the form of ear muff/ear plugs to the

workers working in high noise areas. All the necessary noise protective equipment will

be provided to the workers exposed to high noise.

Used spent oil from DG sets would be carefully stored in HDPE in dedicated covered

facility and disposed off according to the guidelines of hazardous waste (management,

handling & Transboundary movement) rule 2008.

Use of chemical fertilizer will be avoided by using green manure/organic manure

obtained from garden waste & STP sludge.

Species and trees suitable for the local soil and agricultural conditions will be selected

for green belt development.


165

Rainwater harvesting system will be implemented for the sustainability of underground

water system.

Processed water will be re-circulated within the process where possible.

No waste or waste material will be discharged to the ground.

6.5 Post Project Environmental Monitoring

The goal of having a post project monitoring (PPM) is to ensure that, an action has been

implemented in accordance with the conditions specified, that appropriate measures

corresponding with those required and the conditions imposed on the action have been

adequately met. In the process, PPM is supposed to provide essential feedback about the

actual environmental impacts of the project and also check if the implementation of the

environmental management plan is having the desired mitigative effects.

Monitoring Program

After commissioning of the project, post project monitoring of environmental parameters will be

carried out at regular intervals. The monitoring programme in different areas of the environment

has been based on the findings of the impact assessment studies. The post project monitoring

program is summarized in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1 Post Project Environmental Monitoring Program

S.No

Area ofMonitoring

Number of SamplingStations

Frequency ofSampling Parameters to be Analyzed

1. Meteorology One Hourly and Dailybasis.

Wind speed and direction,Temperature, Relative Humidity,Atmospheric pressure, Rainfall.

2. Ambient AirQuality 2 Stations (In downwind) Twice a week:24

hourly periodAll the 12 parameters as perNAAQs, including VoC, HCl, HBr,Chlorine

3. Noise4 (two within plantpremises and two outsideplant premises)

Once every seasonAmbient Equivalent ContinuousSound Pressure Levels (Leq) at dayand Night time.

4. Liquid EffluentsMain Plant Effluents Daily pH, Temp, Conductivity, TSS, TDS,

BOD, Phenol.

STP Daily pH, TSS, BOD & COD


166

S.No

Area ofMonitoring

Number of SamplingStations

Frequency ofSampling Parameters to be Analyzed

5. Exhaust from DGset 2 Monthly PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx& CO

6 Boiler stack 1 Monthly PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx& CO

7 Process stack 1 Monthly PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx& CO

8 VehicularEmissions Parking area Periodic monitoring

of vehicles Air emission and noise, PCU

9Solid waste /Hazardouswaste

Check conformance toHWM rules

Quantity and Qualitymonitoring Periodically

10 Soil Two Locations within theProject Site Yearly Once Physico chemical properties,

Nutrients, Heavy metals

11 TerrestrialEcology

Within 10km, around theproject Once in three years Symptoms of injuries on plants


167

Chapter 7 Additional Studies


168

7 Additional Studies7.1 Public ConsultationThe project is categorized ‘A’ category as per EIA Notification 2006 and Public Hearing is

mandatory as per ToR obtained. Hence draft EIA report has been prepared as per the F.No.IA-

J-11011/361/2018-IA-II(I) dated18th December 2018 and submitted for Public Hearing. Public

Hearing paper advertisement was published in Indian Express and Dinamani newspapers on

26.11.2019. Publication details and TNPCB minutes are enclosed as Appendix 3. The Public

Hearing for this project was conducted on 02.01.2020 (11.00 AM) at TSR Mahal, Walajah Road,

Opposite of Railway Station, Ammoor, Walajah Taluk, Vellore 632501. The newspaper

advertisement details are shown in Figure 7-1.Notice issued for public hearing is enclosed as

Figure 7-2. Public Hearing photographs are shown in Figure 7-3.

Figure 7-1 Public Hearing Advertisements


169

Figure 7-2 Notice issued for Public Hearing

Figure 7-3 Public Hearing Photos


169




169




170

7.1.1 Reply to the issues raised by the public during Public Hearing on02.01.2020

S.No Issue raised by the public Proponent’s Reply

1. ThiruA.R.S.Arulraman, SIPCOT, Ranipet.

He said that due to the operation of chemical

units at SIPCOT, Ranipet area the nearby

villages was severely affected with respect to

water, air and land environment. He also

pointed out that the unit authorities

have not properly stored the hazardous

solid wastes generated by the unit in a

scientific manner and hence the ground

water in that area was getting polluted and

also due to the discharge of chemical

waste. He also stated that he is not

supporting for the proposed expansion

activities of M/s Sanskar Chemical Drugs

Pvt Ltd.,

1. Hazardous wastes are being stored

properly and disposed as per PCB

norms. Photographs are enclosed as

Appendix 4. Form 5 submitted to

TNPCB is attached as an Appendix-9.

2. No chemical waste is discharged into

the ground.

3. For expansion, 10 KLD MEE is

proposed for Zero Liquid Discharge

(ZLD).

2 Thiru.Saravanan, ManthangaI.He stated that the public living in and

around the villages were not properly

informed about conducting the public

hearing for the unit of M/ s Sanskar

Chemicals and Drugs Pvt Ltd. He also

stated that due to the operation of

industries like M/s Thirumalai Chemicals

Ltd and M/s Malladi Drugs &

Pharmaceuticals Ltd., at Ranipet SIPCOT,

have spoiled the livelihood of public in the

nearby villages of Chettithangal,

Manthangal and Vanapadi.

Further, he added that, due to the operation

of M/s Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Pvt.

1. TNPCB has clarified that the public

hearing has been properly

announced on 26.11.2019 in both

English (Indian Express) & Tamil

(Dinamani) newspapers. Newspaper

advertisements are attached in

Chapter 7, Section 7.1.

2. Agricultural activities are not affected

and crops are not damaged in the

local environments. Photographs

area attached in Appendix 4.


171


Ltd, the nearby agricultural lands was getting

damaged. Further the agricultural activity

was considerably reduced due to the

shortage of rainfall. He also reiterated to stop

the expansion activity of the unit.

3 Thiru.Chandran, Chettithangal.He pointed out that the details like raw

materials, product, nature of chemicals

used in the process were not clearly

explained in the power point presentation.

He also stated due to the operation of

M/s.Thirumalai Chemicals Ltd and M/s.

Malladi Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd

located at SIPCOT Industrial Complex,

the entire SIPCOT area was get affected

and the ground water also got polluted.

The expansion proposal of the unit of M/s

Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Pvt. Ltd.

will further spoil the ground water. He also

informed that because of the operation of

this unit, the aged persons, children are

affected by various disease and dialysis

is being done even to the children. Hence,

he reiterated not to give permission for

the expansion proposal of the unit.

1. Raw materials and nature of

chemicals details were provided in

the public hearing presentation which

is attached in Appendix 7.2. However details of raw materials,

product, nature of chemicals used in

process and process description

were clearly explained in EIA report,

Chapter 2, Section 2.6, 2.7 & 2.8.3. Ground water monitoring had been

done and it is found to be

satisfactory. Groundwater analysis

results are provided in Table 3-18 ofChapter-3.

4. There had been no complaints of any

health hazards to the proponent from

local neighbourhood and community.

4. Thiru. Perumal, Manthangal .He stated that due to the operation of

M/s Thirumalai Chemicals Ltd and M/s


located at SIPCOT Industrial

Complex, the surrounding villages like

Manthangal, Chettithangal and Ammoor

1. Detailed baseline monitoring from

Mid Jan – End of April 2019 has

been done for the project. The lab

reports are attached as Annexure11. The analysis covered 8 locations

in different directions within 10 km

radius surroundings.


172


were affected and both ground water and

drinking water in that area got polluted.

He also requested toconduct detailed

investigationregardingthe quality of

ground water in the wells located within

10 KM surrounding of the unit so as

to assess the pollution level. He also

requested to conduct soil test to ascertain

the qualityof soil in that area. He also

requested the unit authorities to allow the

public in to their industry process

section and to clarify the withdrawal

of water for its manufacturing process.

He stated the unit authorities can

commence the project only after clarifying

the doubts raised by the public.

2. The unit is always ready to allow the

public in their industrial process

section to clarify the withdrawal /

disposal of water for their

manufacturing process.

5. Thiru.Sivakumar, Manthangal:He asked to inform about the distance

criteria for the establishment of chemical

industry from the residential area. He also

questioned that whether theunit of M/s

Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Pvt. Ltd is

established as per the guidelines. He

also said that since the chemical unit is

located within the agricultural area, he

opposed the expansion activities of the unit

and requested to close the unit

immediately.

1. The land classification certificate

has been taken from DTCP. As

per the guidelines, the industry

was established in 2009.

Attached as Appendix 5.

2. As per land classification, the

project site is correctly located.

6. Thiru. S.C. Mani, NavalpurHe stated that after setting of Special

Economic Zone at Ranipet, the units

like M/s Thirumalai Chemicals Ltd and

1. At present solar evaporation

pond is provided for effluent

discharge.

2. After expansion, Industrial waste


173


M/s Malladi Drugs and Pharmaceuticals

Ltd located at SIPCOT, Ranipet both the

ground water and drinking water were

spoiled and colour has been changed.

The agricultural lands are also affected

and the cattle were died because of the

discharge of chemical wastes from

these chemical units. He requested the

TNPC Board Officials to take necessary

steps to prevent the discharge of

chemical waste water from these units.

He opposed the proposed expansion

activity.

water will be treated in MEE and

salts from MEE will be sent to

TSDF.

3. Condensate will be reused in the

process. So, the unit does not

cause any adverse effect on the

environment.

7. ThiruJayakumar, Ammoor:He stated that the SIPCOT, Ranipet

area has been declared as second worst

polluted area in the world. He stated

that the ground water in that area was

spoiled due to the operation of this

chemical unit. He also requested to clarify

about the source of water supply to the

unit of M/s Sanskar Chemical Drugs Pvt

Ltd., He also stated that the Ammoor

Eri located nearer to the unit was spoiled

due to the operation of the unit.

Hence, he requested to close down

the unit immediately for prevention of

further spoiling of the Ammoor Eri.

1. Private tankers are used for their

domestic and process activities.

Water supply agreement letter is

attached as Annexure 18.



discharge.

3. After expansion, Industrial waste

water will be treated in MEE and

salts from MEE will be sent to

TSDF.

4. Condensate will be reused in the

process. So, the unit does not

cause any adverse effect on the

environment.

5. Ammoor Eri is located at a

distance of 3.3km in NE direction

and there is no possibility of our

effluent or sewage or surface


174


runoff to affect the water bodies.

6. However, we try to take sample

for analysis during March 2020.

But there is no water available in

Ammoor Eri. Photography

evidence is attached as an

Appendix 8.

8 ThiruJothi, Chettithangal :

He stated that since all the public are

against the proposal of expansion

activities, he also opposed the expansion

of the unit.

No comments.

9. Thiru.Gajendiran, Chettithangal:

He stated that due to the operation of

units M/s Triveni Chemicals and M/s

Sanskar Chemical Drugs Pvt Ltd., the

ground water has been spoiled due to

the discharge of effluent by the unit.

Hence, he reiterated to close down the

unit permanently.

1. Ground water samples were

taken and analyzed. The

sampling results are mentioned

in Chapter 3, Table 3-18.



discharge. So, there is no

discharge of effluent from this

unit.

3. For expansion, 10 KLD MEE

proposed for Zero Liquid

Discharge (ZLD).


175


10 Tmt. Umamaheswari, Chettithangal:

She stated that she is having 2Acres of

agricultural land adjacent to this unit.

Due to operation of the above unit her

fertile land was spoiled and unfit for

agricultural activities due to the discharge

of effluent. Hence, she requested to

close down the unit permanently.

Tmt. Umamaheswari’s agricultural land

is at a distance of 150m in east direction.

Photographs are attached as Appendix4. These photographs show the exact

current status of the land.

11 Thiru. Gopi, Chettithangal:

He requested to clarify why the unit from

SIPCOT.He also pointed out that the

authorities were not offered any job

opportunities to the local people. He

also stated that due to the operation of

this industry Air and Water has been

already affected. He raised question about

the source of water supply to the unit.

He .also pointed out that the total quantity

of raw water required by the unit is 5000

litres as mentioned in the Power Point

Presentation and he clarified that only

2500 litres of waste water was treated as

mentioned by the unit representative

and questioned about the remaining

quantity of 2500 litres of water. He

mentioned that unit utilizes raw materials

like Potassium Nitrate and other

chemicals which areused for producing

explosive materials. This kind of explosive

materials are lifethreatening to the

neighbouring people and he requested

1. For the existing unit 20 workers

have been employed from the

local villages. For the expansion

will prefer to give employment for

local as possible.

2. Baseline reports are provided in

Chapter 3, Section 3.7. All the

results are stated, parameters

are within the limit only.

3. For source of water, private

tankers have been used for their

domestic and process activities.

Water supply agreement letter is

attached as Annexure 18.

4. Water Balance calculation,

treatment and reuse quantities

details are clearly explained in

Chapter 2, Figure 2-10 & Table2-8.

5. Initially the unit was

manufacturing Potassium Nitrate.

It was stopped long back. The

latest Consent copy is attached


176


to cancel the licence issued to the unit

and close down the factory permanently.

as Annexure 2. It shows the

approved product details.

12 Thiru. Babu. Ammoor:

He stated that the public

inthenearbyvillages were not aware of the

public hearing meeting and publicity was

not properly given. He also stated that

the unit is withdrawing the water for its

operation from the nearby Ammoor Eri

thereby creating ground water scarcity to

the public in that vicinity exists. He

also requested the Officials to inspect

and ensure whether the Effluent Treatment

system of the unit is properly operated.

He also stated due to the operation of

M/s Thirumalai Chemicals Ltd and M/s


located at SIPCOT Industrial Complex,

the entire surrounding villages were

affected and the agricultural and ground

water were also affected due to the

discharge of trade effluent.Hence, he

opposed the expansion activities of this

unit.

1. Public Hearing has been properly



(Dinamani) newspapers.

Newspaper advertisements are

attached in Figure 7.1.2. We are not taking water from

ammooreri and we are sourcing

water from private tanker and

agreement is attached in

Annexure 18.3. As already mentioned, we are

open for inspection by Public or

any other agencies.

13 Thiru.Rajivgandhi. Chettithangal :

He stated that the representatives of the

unit has not clearly explained the

effluent treatment system provided for

treating the effluent in the power point

presentation. He also stated due to the

operation of M/s. Thirumalai Chemicals

Already replied.


177


Ltd and M/s. Malladi Drugs and

Pharmaceuticals Ltd located at

SIPCOT Industrial Complex, the

ThandalamIake was found to be polluted.

He also added that the agricultural

lands located around the unit are being

affected due to the discharge of effluent

by the unit and opposed for the expansion

of the unit

14 Thiru Sandeep, Chettithangal:

He stated that around 5000 Acres of lands

including ground water, surrounding theunit

have got spoiled due to the discharge of

effluent by the unit. Hence, he also

requested to take water and soil samples

around 5 Km radius of the unit and to

verify the present nature of the water

and soil quality. He also requested to

close down the unit permanently

1. Detailed baseline monitoring from

Mid Jan – End of April 2019 was

done for this project. The

analysis covered 8 locations in

different directions within 10 km

radius.

2. Ground water samples and soil

samples were taken and

analyzed. The sampling results

are mentioned in Chapter 3,Table 3-18 & Table 3-20. All

results shows all the parameters

are within the limits.

15 Thiru. Mani, Chettithangal:

He stated that his 3 Acres of land

locatedadjacent to this chemical unit

getting spoiled and hence he requested

to close down the unit permanently.

1. The land classification certificate

has been taken from DTCP. As

per the guidelines, the industry

was established in 2009.

Attached as Appendix 5.



3. Latest photos of 3 acres land is

attached as an Appendix 4.

16 Thiru. Ramachandran, Chettithangal: As valid TNPCB consent order is


178


He requested the authorities to close

down the unit so as to save the ground

water, land and environment.

available on date and there is no

requirement to close down.

17 Thiru. Ramesh, Chettithangal :

He stated that the agricultural lands

located in and around the unit have been

damaged due to the operation of this

chemical unit and to avoid the further

damage to agricultural land, he

requested not to give permission for the

expansion activities.



discharge. So there is no

discharge of effluent from this

unit.

2. Industrial waste water will be

treated in MEE and salts from

MEE will be sent to TSDF.

Condensate will be reused in the

process. Nearest agricultural land

photographs enclosed as

Appendix 4.

18 Thiru Sakthivel, Velam

He stated that the public in the

near by villages were not aware of the

public hearing meeting and publicity was

not properly given and since the people

living in this area are getting affected

by this chemical unit, he opposed the

expansion activities

TNPCB confirmed that the Public

Hearing event has been properly



(Dinamani) newspapers. Newspaper

advertisements are attached in Chapter7, Section 7.1.

19 Thiru. Loganathan, Chettithangal

He asked how permission was granted

to this chemical industry which is

surrounded with agricultural lands.He

also informed that the ground water has

been considerably reduced andcome

down to 800 feet below the ground level.

1. The land classification

certificate has been taken from

DTCP. As per the guidelines,

the industry was established in

2009. Attached as Appendix5.



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He also stated that stagnation of effluent

with foaming was found in the nearby

agricultural lands and it is difficult for

cattle farming in that area. He also

stated that air pollution was caused by the

unit and requested to close down the

industry permanently.


3. Ground water is available

around approximately 42-172 ft

in the surrounding areas (1km

radius). Photograph of

Piezometric study is enclosed

as Appendix 10.

4. Photographs show the status of

agricultural land and current

cultivation as enclosed an

Appendix 4.

5. Photographs are attached as an

evidence for few of the cattle

farming in the surrounding

areas from the unit.

7.2 Rehabilitation and ResettlementSince the proposed land area is in possession of Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Pvt. Ltd., no

rehabilitation and resettlement issues are applicable for this project.

7.3 Risk Assessment

Risk Assessment report given as Annexure 20.

7.4 Disaster Management Plan

An onsite emergency plan is attributed to the response plan that contains and minimizes the

effects due to emergencies within the installations which have a potential to cause damage to

people and facilities within the installation premises. The salient features of Disaster

Management Plan include

Emergency shutdown procedure

Electrical Power Failure & Key Utility failures

Fire protection system

Emergency safety equipment & Reporting and response to emergency


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Emergency Help from nearby industries and tie up with nearby industries

Emergency Control Room - is the focal point in case of an emergency from where the

operations to handle the emergency are directed and coordinated. It will be equipped

with Internal and P & T telephones, Paging system and Emergency siren. An On-site

emergency plan will be prepared and kept at plant premises to deal with emergencies

and prevent disasters.

7.5 Emergency Management Plan (On Site)

To provide effective planning, communication and to ensure discipline while mitigating

identified emergencies at the earliest utilizing available resources, safety gadgets and

systems.

Synchronized action from all the internal and external agencies at the earliest to

initiate corrective and preventive action.

To minimize the human injury and illness during emergency mitigation, priority is given

to rescue of incident victim/s, rendering them first aid onsite and if required providing

further medical services at the earliest, which is available nearest to our plant.

To minimize damage to property, general environment or work environment.

To effectively refer and utilize this revised onsite emergency plan while conducting on

site emergency and preparedness response drills and also during real emergencies.

To identify any deviations during above drills and real situations to ensure any

identified and recorded observations for continual corrective actions and preventive

actions.

7.6 Hazard Identification and Safety System

Hazard Identified In the Factory

1. Health hazard due to exposure to chemicals and chemical spillages.

2. Fire hazard due to use of flammable chemicals.

3. Fire and explosion hazard due to various chemical reactions.

Scenario Based Emergency Actions

1. Action plan in case of Solvent leakage from flange joints or from bottom valveetc.,


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a. Shift In-charge / Safety Head shall be informed immediately.

b. Access the situation.

c. Only trained personnel shall approach the area using suitable personnel

protective equipments.

d. Stop leakage by closing isolation valve.

e. Stop hot work in surrounding area.

f. Isolate the power supply of the respective area.

g. Other than the needy all shall evacuate the area.

h. Cover drains / isolate from other plants with the help of sand or soil.

i. Affected persons shall move to fresh air and seek medical help further.

2. Action plan in case of Fire or Explosion

a. Shout and break MCP.

b. Trained personnel shall fight the fire with suitable PPEs.

c. Extinguish with DCP / CO2 / Foam Extinguishers installed at site.

d. In case the fire not controlled with the use of portable fire extinguishers, use fire

hydrant system and mobile foam unit for solvent fire.

e. Isolate the power supply of the respective area.

f. Other than the needy all shall evacuate the area.

g. Cool down nearby receivers / service tank, reactors etc by water spray.

h. Isolate interconnection of tanks, reactors, service tank, charging valves, receivers

etc.

i. Other pipelines are to be checked for isolation.

j. Close / isolate the drains with sand or soil.

k. Affected persons shall be given first aid and moved for medical attention.

3. Action plan in case of Toxic Release

a. Shift In-charge / Department Head shall be informed immediately.

b. Check the wind direction; decide route of escape and evacuating persons shallrun perpendicular to the wind direction and not against / along the wind direction.


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c. Evacuating personnel should use wet handkerchief on their nose.

d. Inform the neighborhood if required and if they are likely to be affected.

e. Ensure that only essential personnel are in the affected areas.

f. Rescue the persons trapped / injured.

g. Person present in other buildings should close their windows and doors toprevent any entry of leaked gases.

h. Trace the source of leakage or spillage and isolate the system from otherequipment.

i. Isolate the electrical supply to the affected area.

j. Trap the leakage into a suitable scrubber.

k. Affected persons shall be given first aid and moved for medical attention.

4. Action plan in case of Electric Fire or Shock

a. Isolate the power supply to the affected area immediately before approaching the

site.

b. Do not use water for extinguishing the fire. Use CO2 type or DCP type or dry

sand to extinguishing the fire.

c. Remove any flammable or combustible material from the vicinity of the incident.

d. Remove the affected person to an open area and check his breathing.

e. If he is unconscious and not breathing initiate artificial resuscitation procedure.

f. Do first aid for any burn injury.

g. Physically isolate the burnt electrical components. Do not energize till the entire

circuit is checked with megger or other devices with safety mechanisms.

5. Action plan in case of leakage or rupture of Solvent / Fuel storage tanks

a. Area shall be evacuated immediately and cordoned off.

b. Affected persons shall be thoroughly washed using clean water and given

necessary medical aid.

c. Personnel entering the area should make use of suitable personnel protective

equipments.


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d. Leaked tank must be depressurized immediately by transferring remaining

quantity into another tank or container.

e. Leakage source must be traced and plugged.

f. Isolate the nearby electrical points and prevent any fire being brought nearby. As

a precaution mobilize extra fire extinguishers to the spot to tackle fire if caught.

Spilled material spreading should be contained in a dyke and transferred to

container or it must be absorbed on sand or earth.

g. The contaminated sand or earth must be neutralized and then dumped at safe

place or burned in the fire pit. (flammable liquids should not be absorbed by

combustible solids like saw dust or combustible fibres)

h. If a spilled material in to the trench of electrical cables, then it shall be drained

with natural gradient and wash with large quantity of water continuously after de

energizing the cable.

i. If a spilled material gets into the storm water drain or sewer line then it must be

flushed with a continuous flow of large stream of clean water till it is neutralized

fully.

6. Action plan in case of Compressed Gas Cylinder Leakage

a. Move the cylinders to well ventilated area, and barricade the area. Never try to

repair the leaks when the equipment under pressure.

b. Immediately contact supplier to get the necessary information and help.

c. If fire catches to cylinder, do not try to extinguish the cylinder fire. Only cool (by

pouring water) and protect the nearby equipments from the safe distance.

7. Action plan in case of Water Reactive Chemical Spillage

a. Do not put water on the spill.

b. If it is liquid, use neutralizing agent and inert material like dry sand to absorbspillage.

c. If it is powder / crystalline, avoid generating dusty conditions, sweep up material.

d. Decontaminate spill site with suitable neutralizing material.


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e. Wash the spill area.

8. Action plan in case of Leakage through Pipe Line, Barrel / Drum

a. If the leak in a pipe line, immediately stop the supply to corresponding pipe line

b. If the leak in a barrel or drum, do not move or transport that barrel or drum.

c. Immediately transfer that content to another non leak barrel or drum.

d. Transferred barrel / drum should be compatible with the material.

e. To remove the spilled material from that area, procedure to be followed based onthe nature of material / chemical.


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7.7 Chronology of events and product details

Year Products Quantity(T/Month)

ECNo.

CTE CTO Remarks

2000 The company was originally under the name of J.R.P Intermediate Private limited, incorporated on 2ndFebruary 2000.2009 1. Potassium nitrate 150 - CTE Proceeding no:

T11/TNPCB/CHEM/F.15979/RS/A/VLR/09dated24.07.2009(for Air) CTEProceeding no:T11/TNPCB/CHEM/F.15979/RS/W/VLR/09dated24.07.2009(forwater)

-2. Ammonium chloride 70 -3. Calciumchloride 50 -

Total:3products 270T/Month

2010 1. Potassium nitrate 150 - - CTO: 18302dated17.08.2010(Air); 22266dated17.08.2010 valid till31.03.2011CTO Proceeding noT11/TNPCB/CHEM/F/-15979/RS/W/VLR/2010dated17.08.2010

valid till2. Ammonium chloride 70 -3. Calcium chloride 50 -

Total:3products 270T/month -

2011 1. Potassium nitrate 150 - - CTO:18302dated09.12.2011(Air)proceeding no:DEE/TNPCB/VLR/F.0349/RS/A/2011CTO: 22266proceedingno:DEE/TNPCB/VLR/F.0349/RS/W/2011

Valid till30.06.20122. Ammonium chloride 70 -

3. Calciumchloride 50 -

Total:3products 270T/month -

2013

1. Isopropanol hydrochloride 40MT/M - CTE: Proceedingno:DEE/TNPCB/VLR/F.VLR0349/RS/A/2013dated1.04.2013(for Air)CTE:Proceedingno:DEE/TNPCB/VL

- Firstexpansion2. Polyallylaminehydrochloride 20MT/M -

3. Nonferricalum 90MT/M -4. Basicchromium sulphate 90MT/M -5. Spentcausticlyesolution 10MT/M -


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Total 5 products 250 MT/M

R/F.VLR034

9/RS/W/2013dated01.4.2013

2013

1. Isopropanol hydrochloride 40MT/Month - - CTO: proceeding no:F.VLR0349/RS/TNPCB/DEE/VLR/A/2013dated19.7.2013(for Air) CTO:Proceeding no:F.VLR0349/RS/TNPCB/DEE/VLR/W/2013dated19.07.2013(for water)

valid till31.03.20142. Polyallylaminehydrochloride 20MT/Month -

3. Nonferricalum 90MT/Month -4. Basicchromium sulphate 90MT/Month -5. Spentcausticlyesolution 10MT/Month -

Total 5 products 250 MT/M

2016

1. Isopropanol hydrochloride 40MT/Month - - CTO: Proceeding no:F.0190VLR/RS/DEE/TNPCB/VLR/A/2016 dated19.07.2016(for Air) CTO:proceeding no:F.0190VLR/RS/DEE/TNPCB/VLR/W/2016dated19.07.2016(for water)


3. Non ferricalum 90MT/Month -4. Basic chromium sulphate 90MT/Month -5. Spent caustic lye solution 10MT/Month -

By product details1. Spent sulphuric acid 81MT/M -2. Gypsum 60MT/M -

Total7products(5mainproducts+2byproducts) 390 MT/M -

2017

1. Isopropanol hydrochloride 40MT/Month - - CTO Proceeding no:F.0190VLR/RS/DEE/TNPCB/VLR/A/2017dated29.06.2017(for Air)CTO Proceeding no:F.0190VLR/RS/DEE/TNPCB/VLR/W/2017dated29.06.2017(for water)


3. Non ferric alum 90MT/Month -4. Basic chromium sulphate 90MT/Month -5. Spent caustic lye solution 10MT/Month -

Byproductdetails1. Spent sulphuric acid 81MT/M -2. Gypsum 60MT/M -


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Total7products(5mainproducts+2byproducts) 390 MT/M


188

Chapter 8Project Benefits


189

8 Project Benefits

The project will provide employment opportunities for additional population.

The corporate social responsibilities which will be taken up by the company will improve

the well-being of the society and the corporate responsibilities towards the protection of

the environment will help in conserving the ecosystem.

The products manufactured at this facility will be exported which will aid in adding to the

revenue of the nation.

The Existing and proposed green belt will enhance the green coverage in the area &

aesthetics.

Rain water harvesting will enhance the ground water table.

During the project implementation, demand for goods and services required for the

project will directly or indirectly contribute to the growth.

Thus, the proposed expansion project will benefit both the local as well as Indian economy.


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Chapter 9Environmental Management Plan


191

9 Environmental Management Plan

9.1 Introduction

Environmental Management Plan is a plan or programme that seeks to achieve a required end

state and describes how activities that have or could have an adverse impact on the

environment, will be mitigated, controlled, and monitored.

The EMP will address the environmental impacts during the design, construction and

operational phases of a project. Due regard must be given to environmental protection during

the entire project. In order to achieve this number of environmental specifications/

recommendations are made.

9.2 Objectives of EMP

The EMP has the following goals:

Identifying those construction activities that may have a detrimental impact on the

environment;

Detailing the mitigation measures that will need to be taken, and the procedures for their

implementation

Establishing the reporting system to be undertaken during the construction.

An integrated plan for monitoring, assessing and controlling potential impacts once the

project has been approved and all permits and conditions granted.

Facilitate a continual review of post construction and operation activities.

Preparation of afforestation or Greenbelt Development scheme.

Preparation of rain water harvesting scheme and energy conservation actions

To prepare a detailed action plan for implementation of mitigation measures.

Measure the effectiveness and success of proposed mitigation measures.

The EMP also serves to highlight specific requirements that will be monitored during the

development and should the environmental impacts not have been satisfactory prevented or

mitigated, corrective action will have to be taken. The document should, therefore, be seen as a

guideline that will assist in minimizing the potential environmental impact of activities.


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9.3 EMP roles and responsibilities

Environmental Management Cell (EMC)

Each industry should identify within its setup a Department/Section/Cell with trained

personnel to take up the model responsibility of environmental management as required for

planning and implementation of the projects.

Environmental Cell consisting of Managing Director and departmental heads will be created

for efficient management of the environmental activities in the industry.

The EMC will handle all issues related to different environmental attributes; it will be

responsible for overall environmental and social management in project being undertaken.

The EMC will be responsible for the technical planning, implementation and monitoring of all

environmental mitigation and compensation measures

Figure 9-1Environmental Management Cell

This section describes the organizational structure and responsibilities for implementation of

the EMP as shown in Table 9-1.

Managing Director of the company will be responsible for total environmental management.


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192

















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Table 9-1EMC Responsibility

S.No.

Name &Designation Responsibilities

1Dinesh Kumar(ManagingDirector)

Establish an environment management cell. Responsible for overall environmental management. Regularly coordinate with Safety

head and take feedback regarding all the activities performed under EM and givedirections to succeeding component.

Provide sufficient funds for environmental management cell to reduce the environmentimpacts.

Any deviations in Non compliance and violations of Environmental norms will bediscussed in board.

2 P.Karthikeyan(Plant Manager)

Keep aware the Management about all the activities performed under EMC. Prepare Management Information System (MIS) reports and budget for environment

management program. To deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the conditions

prescribed by TNPCB.

3 Mr. Vivekananthan(Safety Dept head)

To ensure, implement and follow all the required safety procedures & facilities, avoidthe unsafe act & conditions, organizing safety trainings, mock drills, availability ofonsite &off site emergency plans. Plan & implement Good safety committee.

Non compliance / violation of environmental norms, if any are reported to EHS Headand immediate required action is taken.

4 Executives

Preparation of SOP and other related documents. Sampling the effluent at different stages and analyzing to check the efficiency of the

plant such as pH, COD, BOD, TDS and alkalinity. Record the readings in the log sheet and preparation of daily report. Coordinating with outside agency to carry out the AAQ, stack, Fugitive emission, noise

level monitoring and water quality parameters checking. Preparation of monthlyreturns (Form No.1, Form No.3 & analysis report), Form No.13, Form No.4, FormNo.5Ensuring Plant and Process Safety

Treatment and disposal of trade effluents and sewage effluent as per consent. Hazardous waste management handling and disposal. Plant and maintain adequate numbers of trees and gardens around the Industry Applying and getting the consent of operation of air & water and authorization to store

the hazardous wasteIn addition to the above, company has Safety Health & Environment (SHE) policy to adhere with

standard operating process in order to comply with the statutory and bring into focus any

infringement of any norms and directives with regards to the SHE and to take further corrective

actions.


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9.3.1 Safety, Health and Environment policy

M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs private limited will adhere to the Safety, Health and

Environment policy and place it at appropriate places in the factory premises and record.

Figure 9-2 EHS Policy


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194






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9.4 EMP for Operational Phase

9.4.1 Air quality

The major sources of emission are boiler stack and D.G sets (in case of power failure). Stacks

will be provided with adequate height. Development and maintenance of Green belt within the

premises will attenuate the air pollutants. Regular monitoring of process, boiler, DG-Stacks and

Ambient air quality will be carried out. APC measures are provided in Table 9-2.Table 9-2 Air Pollution Control Measures

S. No SourceStack height (m)

Pollution control measuresExisting Proposed

1 Boiler 20 - Stack

2 Reactor vessel 6 - Common scrubber (Wet scrubber) with stack

3 D. G. sets 4 9 Stack

Following measures are adopted to mitigate the impacts of pollutants on the ambient air quality:

On loading/offloading and storage areas will be paved to reduce dust emission.

Water sprinkling on inner road to prevent re-suspension of dust into ambient air due to

movement of heavy vehicle etc.

Regular servicing and maintenance of equipment to reduce the emission of greenhouse

gases.

Vehicular speed will be limited to 20km/hr on areas of unconsolidated or unsealed soil

associated with the immediate site work.

Odour ControlOdour can be of some sensitivity in chemical industries. However in his case majority inputs are

odorless and only few have pungent nature and are handled in closed fashion.

Mitigation Measures

Organic gaseous emissions (odorous and toxic) will be routed through vent condensers,

finally connected to scrubbers

All the process vents will be routed through vent condensers to the localized scrubbers

for keeping the odour nuisance in and around the plant under control.

All the vent headers will be installed properly.

Closed loop filling systems will be in place and hence spillage will be avoided.


196

Figure to be added

9.4.2 Noise Environment

The major source of noise pollution in the industry are DG sets, Reactors, Air compressors,

Feed water pumps. Care should be taken to reduce the noise generated during construction.

The DG set room, compressors and pump room is isolated from the outside environment

and proper acoustic arrangements are available to control the noise generated.

Use of well-maintained machinery and vehicles will considerably help in this matter.

To prevent the hearing damage to workers, ear plugs and muffs will be provided and job

rotation will also be practiced.

Plantation and landscaping will be designed in additional area to ensure that there is a green

belt all around the project area so that further noise attenuation is achieved.

All efforts will be made to maintain the noise level within the proposed premises around 50

dB (A) in day time & 40 dB (A) during nigh time.

9.4.3 Water and wastewater management

Industrial waste water will be treated in MEE and salts from MEE will be sent to TSDF.

Condensate will be reused in the process.

Domestic waste water will be treated in STP and recycled for green belt development.

Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid material into ground water where

it could contaminate ground water.

Measure will be followed to prevent the contamination of hydrological features by diesel,

grease, oil etc derived from the working area.

9.4.4 Rainwater harvesting and Ground water recharging

The total amount/quantity of water i.e., received in the form of rainfall over an area is called the

rain water endowment of that area, out of which the amount of water that can be effectively

harvested is called the rain water harvesting potential.

The collection efficiency accounts for the fact that all the rain water falling over an area cannot

be effectively harvested due to losses on account of evaporation, spillage or run off etc., the

existing unit is having rain water harvesting facility in the form of rain water harvesting pits


197

having 3’ inch diameter. Four harvesting pits are available in the existing facility. Rainwater

harvesting photographs is shown in Figure 9-3.

Figure 9-3 Rainwater Harvesting Photographs

9.4.5 Solid and Hazardous waste management

Solid waste management

The source of Municipal solid waste in the industry will be from the domestic use. Solid wastes

generated will be stored and disposed to municipal authority.

Hazardous waste managementThe Hazardous wastes will be stored in isolated area above concrete platform under roofed

shed. These wastes will be segregated & stored and will be disposed to TNPCB authorized

dealers/recycler/TSDF within a stipulated period of time (90 days).

23.11.2019


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Hazardous waste materials will be properly disposed as per the Hazardous and Other wastes

(Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules 2016. Agreement will be made

with TSDF approved dealers for safe disposal of hazardous wastes. Hazardous waste

authorization letter for spent catalyst, Chromium and Chromium (III) is attached as Annexure-12.

9.4.6 Land Environment

Following measures are proposed to mitigate negative impact during operational phase of the

project on the land environment.

Emissions from DG and boiler are effectively controlled by stacks & process emissions

by scrubbers and therefore deposition of air pollutants in and around the premises and

surrounding area is not envisaged.

Disposal of solid waste is carried out through authorized vendor.

No effluent is discharged directly on land without treatment

Hazardous materials are prohibited to be drained or dumped in the premises.

Accidental spills shall be cleaned, reported and monitored.

Thus, no impact on land is envisaged due to discharge of gaseous emission, solid

waste or liquid effluent from the proposed expansion of production capacity and

product change.


The project activity does not require tree cutting during project expansion. Also, the study zone

does not have any ecologically sensitive location and hence, the plant activities are not

expected to have any impact on ecology and biodiversity.

Air emissions, liquid effluent disposal and solid waste generation are likely to have some

impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. However there will be no net increase in air pollution. Solid

wastes will be collected and disposed of properly. Hence, negligible impact on ecology is

expected.

9.4.8 Socio economic environment

Recruitment of local workers from the study area.


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Periodic maintenance and emission check of vehicles shall be ensured to restrict air

pollution.

The enroute will be restricted to the major roads state and National Highways.

Periodic health checkup camps will be organized by the project authority for the

employees.

The impact on the environmental pollution from the proposed expansion project during

operation phase, necessary precautionary measures will be taken care and follow the

environmental management plan.

9.5 Available safety system

9.5.1 Fire Extinguisher

The company has trained personnel for firefighting and intends to improve the firefighting skills

of employee by conducting frequent training on Fire fighting. The unit has 40 Nos. of different

types (CO2 extinguisher, Sand bucket, Foam extinguisher) of portable fire extinguishers placed

in all prominent places of the factory. Table 9-3 shows different type’s fire extinguisher available.

Table 9-3 Fire and safety systemsS. No Name of the equipment Quantity (Nos)1 Dry Chemical Powder 12

2 CO2extinguisher 4

3 Auto DCP 2

4 Sand buckets 16

5 Aqueous Film Forming Foam Extinguisher 3

6 Foam Extinguisher 3

Total 40


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Figure 9-4 Fire safety system

9.5.2 Spill Emergency Mitigation Procedure

Spill Kit is kept in all Emergency cupboards.

Once the spill is observed, Spill Kit shall be collected from the nearest area/emergency

cupboard installed and neutralizing agent (if required) based on the nature of the spill. In

case if the spill is not controlled, immediately declare the emergency as per emergency

response procedure.


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While handling the spill, use most appropriate PPE's like chemical suit, acid/ alkali proof

hand gloves, face shield, safety goggles, gum boots or even respiratory masks with suitable

cartridges.

Once the spill is controlled using Sorbent pad/Boom collect in a double polythene bag and

secure with the plastic ties. Dispose it as per applicable disposal procedure.

9.5.3 Occupational Health Centre (OHC)

M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs private limited will have agreement signed with Thirumalai

Mission hospital for their valuable service during emergency along with 24/7 ambulance facility.

9.5.4 First aid Boxes

A first aid kit is a collection of supplies and equipment for use in giving first aid. First Aid boxes

are available in Security Room and Admin Block. First Aid items will be issued to injure only by

authorized persons.

Following are the contents of First Aid Box,

a. Dettol – Antiseptic solution

b. Ciplox – Eye Drops

c. Soframycin – Skin ointment

d. Silverex – Burn ointment

e. Betadine – Microbicidal solution

f. Iodex – Pain reliever

g. Sterilized Cotton Wool

h. Surgical Paper Tape

i. Small Sterilized Dressings

j. Medium Sterilized Dressings

k. Roller Bandage – 5 cm wide

l. Roller Bandage – 10cm wide

m. Band Aid

n. Crocin / Paracetamol Tablet


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9.6 Work Zone Monitoring Equipments

The unit will have multi gas / toxic gas and oxygen detectors in that multi gas detector can be

used to check oxygen, LEL, VOC, CO and H2S concentration in atmosphere and also in

confined spaces like inside the reactor, overhead tanks, underground tanks, sump etc and

oxygen detector can be used for checking oxygen concentration in atmosphere and also in

confined spaces like inside the reactor, overhead tanks, underground tanks, sump etc.

The unit will also have Hydro Carbon Sensors (HCS), installed in all critical areas and these will

provide the alarm once the set level is crossed.

9.7 Occupational Health and Safety program

M/s. Sanskar chemicals and Drugs private limited provides a safe and healthy work environment

to its employees by conducting annual medical check-ups for all the employees. The main

objectives are:

Maintenance and promotion of workers health and working capacity.

Improvement of working environment by following well-being program for its employees.

Monitor the workplace to maintain industrial hygiene practices.

Development of work culture in a direction which will support health and safety at work

and thereby promoting positive social climate for smooth operation that will enhance

productivity.

Employees undergo annual health check-up.

All personnel are provided with personal protective equipments individually as required.

9.7.1 Operational phase

General functions of the safety committee will be;

1. Conduct routine workplace inspections.

2. Provide Personal Protective Equipment.

3. Develop and implement safe work procedures and rules.

4. Provide on-going safety training & Enforce safety rules and appropriate discipline.

5. Promote safety awareness and reduce the potential for injury/loss.

6. Identify workplace hazards.

7. Enforce of safety rules, measure safety performance & reduce frequency/severity of injuries.


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9.7.2 Occupational Health Monitoring

Medical Surveillance Program: Medical surveillance program is essential to assess and monitor

employees' health and fitness both prior to employment and during the course of work; to

determine fitness for duty and to provide emergency and other treatment as needed.

Effectiveness of a medical program depends on active involvement of employees. M/s. Sanskar

Chemicals and Drugs Private Limited’s medical surveillance program will include the following

major elements;

1. Developing an OH-IH Medical Surveillance Program.

2. Pre-Employment Examination and Periodic Medical Examinations

3. Determination of Fitness for Duty.

4. Communications.

5. Emergency Medical Treatment.

6. Medical Records.

Pre-Employment Screening / Examinations - All employees will be subjected to pre-

placement medical examinations to determine their fitness for the jobs on site. Potential

exposures to the work environment will be considered before placing an employee on the job.

Periodic Medical Examinations - Periodic medical examination is the same as the pre-

employment screening and may be modified according to current conditions, such as changes in

the employee's symptoms, site hazards or exposures.

Comparison of sequential medical reports with baseline data is essential to determine biologic

trends that may mark early signs of adverse health effects, and thereby facilitate appropriate

protective measures. The frequency and content of examinations are normally one year. Apart

from this for workers working in Hazardous area, medical examination is conducted by Doctor

Authorized by Factory Inspectorate.

9.8 Corporate social responsibility

The company is aware of the obligations towards the society and to fulfill the social obligations,

company will employ semi-skilled and skilled labour from the nearby villages as much as

possible and also try to generate maximum indirect employment in the nearby villages by

appointing local contract workers.


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9.9 Corporate Environmental responsibility

The capital CER budgets of Rs. 4.25 Lakhs had been embarked for the local Community

development within the vicinity of the study area as budget classification given below. The

capital budget is arrived by considering more than 1.0% of the total project cost of Rs. 4.25

Crores as per the Project Cost estimate. However as per the OM No: 22-23/2018-IA.III(Pt), CER

fund should be 2 times more than normal in case of CPA. Total budget for CER will be Rs. 8.50

Lakhs. Detailed CER activities are shown in Table 9-4.Table 9-4 CER Activities

Sl. No Description of Beneficiary 2020-2021 2021-2022 2022-2023 2023-24

1 Solar Lights for Chettithangal Village 2.00 - 2.00 -

2 Water RO system in Chettithangal village - 2.00 - -

3 Green Belt development to nearby villages - - - 2.5

Sub total cost INR(Lakhs) 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.5

Grand Total INR (Lakhs) 8.50

9.10 Cost Estimate for Environment Management Plan (EMP)

The cost estimate for Environment Management Plan is provided in Table 9-5.

Table 9-5 Estimated budget for EMP (Capital and Recurring cost)

S. No Description Capital cost (in lakhs) Recurring cost (in lakhs)1 Stack 4 0.42 Scrubber 3 0.33 Exhaust pipe 1 0.14 MEE 125 12.55 Green belt development 5 0.56 STP 20 2.07 Misc 3 0.3

Total 161 16.1

9.11 Greenbelt development plan

Green belts are effective in controlling of air pollution. Green plants act as an absorbent for

pollutants and acts as a sink for pollution. Plants grown to function as pollution sink are

collectively referred as greenbelts. An important aspect of a greenbelt is that the plants are living

organism with their varied tolerance limit towards the air pollutants. A green belt is effective as a


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pollutant sink only within the tolerance limit of constituent plants. Apart from function as pollution

sink, greenbelt would provide other benefit like aesthetic improvement of the area and providing

suitable habitats for birds and animals. As per the rules and regulations laid by Ministry of

Environment and Forest, Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State Pollution Control

Board (SPCB), it is legally mandatory to earmark 33% of the project area for greenbelt

development to promote integration of environmental issues with industrial development

projects. Green belts are an effective mode of control of air pollution, where green plants act as

absorbent for pollutants and acts as a sink for pollution. Plants grown to function as pollution

sink are collectively referred as greenbelts. An important aspect of a greenbelt is that the plants

are living organism with their varied tolerance limit towards the air pollutants. A green belt is

effective as a pollutant sink only within the tolerance limit of constituent plants. Apart from

function as pollution sink, greenbelt would provide other benefit like aesthetic improvement of

the area and providing suitable habitats for birds and animals. As per the rules and regulations

laid by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State

Pollution Control Board (SPCB), it is legally mandatory to earmark 33% of the project area for

greenbelt development to promote integration of environmental issues with industrial

development projects. As the project site is coming under critically polluted area, it is necessary

to maintain 40 % of greenbelt. In order to fulfill the mandatory requirement of 40% of green belt,

1498.07 sq. m of the total land area, i.e., 40 % of total land area is allotted for greenbelt.

Existing Species:

• Neem Tree

• Eucalyptus Tree

• Black Plum Tree

• Pongamia Tree

• Betel Tree

• Ashoka Tree

• Subabul Tree

• Peepal Tree


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Figure 9-5 Greenbelt PhotographsSelection of plants for Greenbelt: The main limitation for plants to function as scavenger of

pollutants are, plant’s interaction to air pollutants, sensitivity to pollutants, climatic conditions and

soil characteristics. While making choice of plants species for cultivation in green belts, due

consideration has to be given to the natural factor of bio- climate. Character of plants mainly

considered for affecting absorption of pollutant gases and removal of dust particle are as

follows.

For absorption of Gases: Tolerance towards pollutants in question, at concentration, that is not too high to be

instantaneously lethal

Longer duration of foliage

Freely exposed foliage

Adequate height of crown

Openness of foliage in canopy

Big leaves (long and broad laminar surface)

Large number of stomatal apertures

For Removal of Suspended Particular matter: Height and spread of crown.

23.12.19


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Leaves supported on firm petiole

Abundance of surface on bark and foliage

Roughness of bark

Abundance of auxiliary hairs

Hairs or scales on laminar surface

Protected Stomata.


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Chapter 10Summary and Conclusion


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10 Summary & Conclusion

10.1 Project location &description

The proposed project is located at survey no. 457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C

(part)Ammoor village, 12/5 (Part) Chettithangal village, Walajah Taluk, Vellore district, Tamil

Nadu. The total land area is 3745.18 sq. meters. The project falls in SOI Topo Sheet No. 57/O8,

57P/5 and lies between 12057’50.15” N 79020’33.49” E (Center Co-ordinates).

M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs Private Limited (SCDPL) is an existing manufacturing unit

involved in the manufacturing of synthetic organic chemicals and drugs. SCDPL is currently

manufacturing 5 products with the production capacity of 141 MT/Month, 2 by products with

capacity 141 MT/Month. SCDPL proposes 10 new products with the production capacity of

112.85 MT/Month. After expansion, SCDPL will produce 15 products with the capacity of 112.85

MT/Month (10 existing and 5 new products) and one by-product with capacity 81 MT/Month. The

total capital investment on the project is INR 4.25 Crores.

10.2 Baseline study

Project Influenced Area (PIA)/Study Area

A 10 Km radial distance with the proposed project site as the epicenter has been identified as

the General study area for assessing the baseline environmental status. The core study area is

the project area and its immediate surroundings to the tune of 1.0 Km radius from the boundary.

The project area is the land where the project is being developed.

10.2.1 Meteorological EnvironmentA. Ambient Air Quality

The ambient air quality has been monitored at 8 locations for 13 parameters including 12

parameters as per NAAQS, 2009 within the study area. The average baseline levels of PM10

(55.1- 71.1 µg/m³), PM2.5(20.3-26.9 µg/m³), SO2 (7.1-12.4 µg/m³), NO2 (16.4-23.7 µg/m³), O3(9.6-

12.7 µg/m3), all the parameters are well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for

Industrial, Commercial and Residential areas at all monitoring locations during the study period

from Mid-January – End April 2019.


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B. Noise Environment

8 locations under the study constitute of 3 locations in residential areas, 3 in commercial areas

and 2 in industrial area. It was observed that within the Residential areas, noise levels (Day and

Night) are well within the standards prescribed by CPCB. Within the commercial areas, Day time

noise levels have significantly increased in locations Arcot and Walajapet. However the night

time noise levels are well within the limits prescribed by CPCB. Noise levels within the project

site are well within the prescribed limit.

C. Surface water quality

Surface water samples were collected from eight locations within 10 km radius of the study area.

Water sampling results are compared with Surface water standards IS 2296:1992.

pH in the collected surface water samples varies between 6.68 to 7.62 which is within

the limit of IS 2296:1992.

The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) value of collected surface water sample ranges from

342 mg/l to 2677 mg/l.

The Total hardness value of the collected surface water sample ranges between 165.9

mg/l – 620.5 mg/l.

BOD value of the collected surface water samples ranges between 1.2 mg/l and 34 mg/l.

COD value of the collected surface water varies from 5.6 mg/l to 200 mg/l.

The concentration of heavy metals like As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ni and Se in the collected

surface water samples are observed to be below the detectable limit.

D. Ground water quality

In the study area,

All the ground water analytical results are compared with IS 10500:2012, drinking water

standards.

The pH of the collected ground water sample ranged from 7.09 to 8.37 which are within

the acceptable limit of IS 10500:2012.

The concentrations of fluoride in the collected ground water sample ranged from 0.19 to

0.57 mg/l which are well within the acceptable limit of IS 10500:2012.

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) value of the collected ground water sample varied from 226

mg/l to 1582 mg/l, where TDS value of some of the samples exceeds the acceptable


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limits but TDS values of all the collected ground water samples are within the permissible

limits of IS 10500: 2012.

Total hardness of the collected ground water sample ranged from 125 mg/l to 583 mg/l,

where Total Hardness value of most samples exceeds the acceptable limits but all are

within the permissible limits of IS 10500: 2012.

The Total alkalinity as calcium carbonate, Magnesium and Chloride are well within the

permissible limits of IS 10500:2012.

Sulphate content of the collected ground water samples ranged from 28.76 to 175.17

mg/l, which is well below the acceptable limit of IS 10500:2012.

Most of the heavy metals concentrations in the collected ground water samples are

below the limit of quantification and all are well within the limits prescribed by IS

10500:2012.

E. Soil quality

The pH of the soil samples ranged from 5.1 – 7.24

Conductivity of the soil samples ranged from 70–110.3μS/cm.

Nitrogen content ranged from 138 mg/kg to 561.65 mg/kg

Phosphorous ranged from 15.54 kg/ha to 46.69 kg/ha.

Potassium content ranges from 94 to 180 mg/kg

F. Biological Environment

There are no identified migratory paths for major and minor wildlife in the project site and the

study area. The identified fauna which are observed at the project site and in the study area are

local species only. Therefore the proposed project operations are not likely to have any adverse

impact on the paths for avid-fauna.

G. Socio economic status

The Socioeconomic profile of the study area shows that the majority of people in the study area

work in non-agricultural sector. They have good educational infrastructures and the people in

the study area are well connected to the educational infrastructures. The average literacy rate of

the study area is 69.03 % which is less than the district literacy rate of 84.5 %. The people in the

study area are well connected to Government primary health centres and Primary health sub-


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centres and also they have emergency ambulance service “108” which is active all over the

State.

10.2.2 Disaster Management Plan

The salient features of Disaster Management Plan include

Emergency shutdown procedure

Electrical Power Failure & Key Utility failures

Fire protection system

Emergency safety equipment & Reporting and response to emergency

Emergency Help from nearby industries and tie up with nearby industries

Emergency Control Room - is the focal point in case of an emergency from where the

operations to handle the emergency are directed and coordinated. It will be equipped

with Internal and P & T telephones, Paging system and Emergency siren.

10.2.3 On site emergency plan

To provide effective planning, communication and to ensure discipline while mitigating

identified emergencies at the earliest utilizing available resources, safety gadgets and

systems.

Synchronized action from all the internal and external agencies at the earliest to

initiate corrective and preventive action.

To minimize the human injury and illness during emergency mitigation, priority is given

to rescue of incident victim/s, rendering them first aid onsite and if required providing

further medical services at the earliest, which is available nearest to our plant.

To minimize damage to property, general environment or work environment.

To effectively refer and utilize this revised onsite emergency plan while conducting on

site emergency and preparedness response drills and also during real emergencies.

To identify any deviations during above drills and real situations to ensure any

identified and recorded observations for continual corrective actions and preventive

actions.

10.2.4 Project Benefits

The project will provide employment opportunities for additional population.


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The corporate social responsibilities which will be taken up by the company will improve

the well-being of the society and the corporate responsibilities towards the protection of

the environment will help in conserving the ecosystem.

The products manufactured at this facility will be exported that will aid in adding to the

revenue of the nation.

The Existing and proposed green belt will enhance the green coverage in the area &

aesthetics.

Rain water harvesting will enhance the ground water table.

During the project implementation, demand for goods and services required for the

project will directly or indirectly contribute to the growth.

10.2.5 Conclusion

To carry out the EIA study 10km buffer zone was considered around the proposed

expansion site. Studies were conducted within the buffer zone against standard and

criteria, to obtain the information regarding the existing status of environment, for

predicting the impacts if any due to expansion activity and EMP regarding the project.

The studies on different environmental parameters did not show any long term impact

with respect to the background concentration level mandated by CPCB/ IS

10500:2012/NAAQ for noise, water, soil and Air.

Appropriate models and techniques were used to predict the impact of the proposed

expansion project. However, the Potentials impacts identified are temporary in nature, to

minimize impacts at every level of development, mitigation measures were suggested.

It can be concluded on a positive note that after the implementation of the mitigation

measures and environmental management plans, the proposed project activities during

the operation phase would be manageable.


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CHAPTER – 11DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS


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11 Disclosure of Consultant

In order to assess the potential environmental impacts due to the proposed project at S. F. No.

457/3A, 457/3C, 457/4A, 457/4C, 457/4C (Part) Ammoor Village, 12/5 (part) Chettithangal

Village, Walajah Taluka, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, M/s. Sanskar Chemicals and Drugs

Private Limited, has engaged Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Limited, Chennai to undertake

EIA study. The nature of consultancy service rendered covers terrestrial environmental

assessment.

11.1 Brief Profile of Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Limited (HECS)

Enviro Care Systems was started in the year of 1997 by Dr. J.R.Moses with the vision to serve

the world in all environmental related problems by completing the latest technological

advancements available.

In the year 2004, Enviro Care Systems became Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd after

having collaboration with Hubert Stavoren B.V. for higher Technology.

The company provides total pollution control solutions to several industries like Thermal Power

Plant, Pharma, R&D Facilities, Electroplating and Manufacturing, IT Parks, Residential

Complexes, Dairies, Food Processing, Textile mills, Breweries, etc.

The company is specialized in executing projects right from concept development, supply,

erection, commissioning and operation on turnkey basis. HECS has successfully executed more

than 200 environmental engineering projects for various industrial sectors both in India and

overseas.

HECS has state-of-art facilities to provide quality environmental consultancy and engineering

solutions.

Strength of HECS

Number of Employees

Total no of Employees : 779No of Employees engaged in EIA : 105Consultancy : 25Laboratory : 80Projects : 13


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Operation & Maintenance : 556

11.2 Quality Policy of HECS

11.3 QCI-NABET - EIA AccreditationConsultancy Hubert Enviro Care Systems Pvt. Ltd., Chennai

NABET Certificate No NABET/ EIA/ 1619/ RA0083 Valid up to 30/06/2020


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MoEFF Reg. Lab F.No. Q-15018/13/2016-CPW


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Documents

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORTenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/060620207OR6QX6IS… · Mr. Dinesh Kumar, Managing Director 2. Mr. Karthikeyan, Factory Manager