en pur matt 970 pinfo - Alberdingk · PDF fileAlberdingk ® PUR-MATT 970 VP Latest update March 10, 2015 page 1 of 27 ... Byk 024 (BYK Chemie) Byk-LP D 22709 (BYK Chemie) Substrate

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Alberdingk® PUR-MATT 970 VP

Latest update

March 10, 2015

page 1 of 27

Alberdingk Boley GmbH | Düsseldorfer Str. 53 | 47829 Krefeld | Germany

Phone +49 2151 528-0 | Fax+49 2151 573643 | [email protected] | www.alberdingk-boley.de

Alberdingk Boley, Inc. | Greensboro, NC| USA | www.alberdingkusa.com

Alberdingk Resins (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. | Shenzhen | P. R. China | www.alberdingkchina.com

The details contained herein are based on our present state of technology and shall inform on our products and their application possibilities. A lawful binding assurance of certain attributes or a suitability for a concrete operation purpose cannot be derived from this information. Industrial property rights are to be

considered if required.

What is the resin's nature?

Hard, inherent matt, aliphatic polyurethane dispersion.

Technical data:

Solids content: 34 - 36%

pH-value: 7.0 - 9.0

Viscosity: 20 - 2000 mPas

MFFT: approx. 30°C

Features:

• Inherent matt film-surface

• High optical transparency on dark substrates

• Hard but flexible film

• Very high coefficient of friction (antislip properties)

• Excellent sandability

• Very good chemical resistance

• Very good blocking resistance

• „Paper feel“

• Hand fat resistant

What is the suggested field of application?

Matt coatings for e.g.:

• Wood

• Plastics

• OPV's

• Paints

• Additive for gloss reduction

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Suitable raw materials

Defoamers:

Byk 024 (BYK Chemie) Byk-LP D 22709 (BYK Chemie)

Substrate wetting agents:

Byk 349 (BYK Chemie) Byk 346 (BYK Chemie)

Coalescing agents*1:

Dowanol DPnB (Dow Chemical) Dowanol DPM (Dow Chemical)

Matting agents:

DynoAdd P-520 (Dynea) Decosphaera Transp. 7SC (Supercolori)

Techpolymer MBX 20 (Sekisui)

Rheology control additives:

Byk-7420 ES (BYK Chemie) Optiflo T-1000 (BYK Chemie)

How to formulate with ALBERDINGK® PUR-MATT 970 VP ?

We strongly recommend to use a minimum of defoamer for the formulation of

products based on PUR-MATT 970 VP - due to the very large particle size, the

product has only a small particle surface and requires only a small amount of

defoamer.

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Confocal microscopy of ALBERDINGK® PUR-MATT 970 VP:

Light microscopy of ALBERDINGK® PUR-MATT 970 VP:

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Example of matting efficiency:

ALBERDINGK® PUR-MATT 970 VP in blends with ALBERDINGK® U 9700 VP

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Formulation Proposal

FP 970-06 parquet application, general wood coating, ultra-matt

Pos. Raw Material Amount Supplier

1 ALBERDINGK® PUR-MATT 970 VP 47.50 Alberdingk Boley

2 ALBERDINGK® U 6150 19.00 Alberdingk Boley

3 Byk 024 0.40 BYK Chemie


5 Dowanol DPnB 2.50 Dow Chemical

6 Dowanol DPM 4.00 Dow Chemical

7 Water (deion.) 15.20

8 BYK-7420 ES 0.20 BYK Chemie

9 Optiflo T1000 1.00 BYK Chemie

10 DynoAdd P-520 10.00 Dynea

Total 100.00

Premix Pos. 5 - 7 before use

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Chemical Resistance*


**5 = best / 0 = worst

Test features

Feature Test Conditions Test Results

Gloss

(20° / 60° / 85°)

2x120µm wet film on

wood 0.7 / 3.1 / 1.7

COF (Coefficient of

friction) according to EN 13893 0.46

Abrasion [mg] Taber abrasion (CS-17)

after 1000 cycles approx. 41

*tested according to EN 12720

Test Chemicals Test Duration Test Results**

Ethanol (48%) 1h 3

NH4OH (10%) 1min. 5

Water (deion.) 16h 5

Coffee (4%) 16h 4

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2 ALBERDINGK® U 7400 VP 15.00 Alberdingk Boley









Total 100.00


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Ethanol (48%) 1h 4

NH4OH (10%) 1min 5


Coffee (4%) 16h 4


Test features


Abrasion [mg] Taber abrasion (CS-17) after

1000 cycles approx. 65

Gloss

(20° / 60° / 85°) 2x120µm wet film on wood 0.7 / 2.7 / 1.6

COF (Coefficient of



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FP 970-08 2pack parquet application, general 2pack wood coating,

ultra-matt


Crosslinking:

As crosslinker we suggest to add 10.00% of either one of the following

isocyanates:

• Bayhydur 3100 (75% in Proglyde DMM) or

• Easaqua EZD 803 or

• Easaqua XL 600 (90% in BGA)



2 ALBERDINGK® U 9700 VP 12.00 Alberdingk Boley









Total 100.00

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FP 970-08 2pack parquet application, general 2pack wood coating,

ultra-matt


Ethanol (48%) 1h 5

NH4OH (10%) 1min 5


Coffee (4%) 16h 5


Test features


Abrasion [mg] Taber abrasion (CS-17) after

1000 cycles approx. 32

COF (Coefficient of


Gloss

(20° / 60° / 85°) 2x120µm wet film on wood 0.8 / 3.6 / 1.9


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FP 970-09 wall paint with good scratch resistance




2 Disperbyk 199 0.75 BYK Chemie

3 Kronos 2190 20.00 Kronos Titan


5 Alberdingk® PUR-MATT 970 VP 40.00 Alberdingk Boley

6 Alberdingk® U 199 VP 10.00 Alberdingk Boley

7 Ropaque Ultra 5.00 Dow Chemical

8 Dynoadd 520 10.00 Dynea

9 Texanol 3.00 Eastman




13 Acrysol RM 5000 2.00 Rohm & Haas

Total 100.00

Disperse 15 min. before proceeding with step 5

Premix pos. 9 + 10 before use

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Gloss comparison

FP 970-09 wall paint with good scratch resistance

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Inherent matt polyurethane dispersions as matting agent in water based

floor coatings

Published on the ECS-Congress 2015

Authors: Dr. Mario Schoondermark, Markus Dimmers, ALBERDINGK BOLEY

GmbH, Germany

Introduction:

Low gloss coatings have been gaining more and more interest in the recent

years. Not only in wood coatings we can see this trend – even matt painted cars

can be found in almost any manufacturers catalogue.

In case of wood coatings, consumers like the more natural look of untreated

wood over a glossy finish. A low glare coating is less distrubing to the eye, which

is a true benefit in larger rooms.

Because of that, oiled or wax treated surfaces gained a lot of market share due

to their low gloss surface – however, they need a much more intense care and

maintenance than most consumers realise, since oils or waxes don’t form a pro-

tective film.

A true matt varnish could offer the beauty of an oil / wax but providing more pro-

tection and less necessity for intensive care whilst resulting in the desired ap-

pearance.

Unfortunately, coatings where the low gloss values have been obtained by exten-

sive formulation are very often much more slippery. That makes it difficult to use

them in public areas with a lot of traffic where a high coefficient of friction (CoF)

is needed.

Ideally, the polymer used in a low gloss coating has already a matt polymer film

without the use of any additional matting agents to avoid above mentioned

drawbacks – ALBERDINGK BOLEY has been working intensively to develop inher-

ent matt and hard polyurethane dispersions which can be used in e.g. floor coat-

ings.

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Pict. 1, example of an ultra matt floor coated with the hard, inherent matt PUD

What is gloss / matting?

Gloss is a function of light reflection – the more light is reflected and partially di-

rected, the more glossy the surface appears to be.

In contrast, a matt surface is scattering the light in many directions and the sur-

face appears less glossy and in case of an almost total scattering the surface is

ultra matt in any angle.

How does matting work and how is it measured?

Usually, matting is obtained by creating a rough surface in which variation in

height is present. The topography type determines the gloss level in the typical

angles for gloss measurements (20°; 60° and 85°) as described in e.g. ISO 2813. The gloss is measured with a reflectometer.

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Pict. 2) Reflectometer in use on an ultra matt wood coating using the hard, inherent matt PUD

For high gloss surfaces the 20° angle is used, for medium gloss ones the 60° an-

gle and for very low gloss surfaces, the 85° angle (also known as „sheen“) is the

most important. Gloss is measured in GU (gloss units) and is usually between

100 and 0. Polished metal surfaces such as mirrors can reach up to 2000 GU.

The inherent matt polyurethane dispersion:

Our work to develop an inherent matt polyurethane dispersion for floor coatings

started more than 15 years ago when we made our first matt PUD

(ALBERDINGK® CUR 21). This very first inherent matt polymer was extremely

soft and not really „matt“ from todays point of view – but it was a start. Years

passed and we finally came back to the idea of producing a matt polyurethane

dispersion with film properties designed to fit hard surfaces.

Before the project started, we set these targets that should be fulfilled:

Technical requirements:

hard, aliphatic Polyurethane

gloss levels of < 5@20° / < 20@60° / < 50@85°

excellent sanding properties by machine sanding

resistant to household chemicals

very transparent over dark substrates

resistant to hand fat

scratch resistant

no hard sedimentation in coatings

can be used as sole binder or as co-binder

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The manufacturing of water based polyurethane dispersions has been described

in a lot of papers by various authors before and should not be discussed here.

Additionally, due to the recent regulations, our matt PUD needs to be low in

amine content and solvent free in order to fit todays indoor air quality require-

ments.

Requirements in order to comply with regulations:

amine content < 1%

not classified according to GHS

solvent free

What makes this PUD matt and so special compared to „conventional“

PUD’s ?

The main difference between a matt PUD and a standard PUD is the particle size

distribution and the morphology of the particles. While „conventional“ PUDs usu-

ally show a monomodal and narrow particle size distribution, our matt PUD

shows an extremely multimodal, broad particle size distribution. The median par-

ticle size of a conventional PUD is in the range of 60-100nm, while the median

particle size of our matt PUD is 4.000nm or 4µm !

By controlling particle size, particle distribution and morphology, we can deter-

mine the degree of gloss reduction and other parameters such as haptic. Further-

more, by changing the refractive index of the polymer we can achieve optical ef-

fects like a „frost“ or „etch“ look.

How does the matting effect work in an inherent matt PUD?

Analysis of the surface structure show that the film has a quite uniform

„roughness“. Individual particle size on the surface is in the range of 4 – 6µm.

The shape of the particles could be

described as „potato chips“.

Even though the particles aren’t too

large and not too different in size,

they show a particularly efficient

matting effect – this can be ex-

plained by the fact that the particles

arrange themselves in „waves“ dur-

ing film formation. This wave struc-

ture causes an additional matting

effect.

Fig. 1) Confocal microscopy of the hard matt PUD (100x mag/size 178x134

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Fig. 2) Analysis of height & particle size of the hard, matt PUD

Fig. 2 shows the median particle size and roughness of the surface (max. 3.2µm)

– this data can then be used to create a 3D surface profile (see Fig.3).

Fig. 3) 3D Surface profile of the hard, matt PUD

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How does that compare to conventional matting agents?

This question is probably the most interesting one – and in order to visualize it,

we have used one of the most efficient silica based matting agent for water

based coatings (pyrogenic silica).

Conventional silicas (precipitated and pyrogenic) are known to be very effective

in reducing the gloss of water based coatings. Use of silica based matting has the

following advantages / disadvantages:

Advantages:

very efficient at low level of addition

high wet film clarity

economic

Disadvantages:

sensitive to scratches

imparts water sensitivity at high concentration

causes „stress cracking“ on flexible substrates

very light and difficult to add during manufacturing

can show hard settling in the coating after time

limited matting

Fig. 4) Confocal microscopy of a PUD with 1.5% pyrogenic silica (100x mag/size 178x134µm)

As we can see, 1.5% of pyrogenic silica shows a similar structure compared to

our matt PUD. The main difference is the fact that the silica has even larger par-

ticles than our PUD.

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Fig. 5) Analysis of height & particle size of a PUD with 1.5 % pyrogenic silica

As shown in Fig. 5, the particles are in a range of approx. 4µm up to approx.

12µm – the roughness of the surface is in the range of 3µm and comparable to

the hard matt PUD.

Fig. 6) 3D surface profile of a PUD with 1.5% pyrogenic silica

From comparison oft he pictures of Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, it is apparent that, the 3D

surface PUD formulated with pyrogenic silica, is less homogeneous than that of

the hard, inherent matt PUD – this can explain the lower scratch resistance of

silica as it’s very easy to scratch of the top of larger particles in the film (due to

roughness and less mechanical resistance).

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Getting to the point – comparison of efficiency hard, matt PUD vs. py-

rogenic silica:

At this point you will certainly ask what the efficiency of the hard, inherent

matt PUD is? The following diagrams will show how much of the hard, inher-

ent matt PUD is necessary to reach gloss levels obtained with 0.5 or 1.5%

pyrogenic silica.

Fig. 7) Gloss as a function of % matt PUD in aliph. PUD 1

Fig. 8) Gloss as a function of % matt PUD in aliph. PUD 2

In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 one can see the linear gloss reduction with increasing quanti-

ty of the hard, inherent matt PUD.

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Fig. 9) Efficiency of hard matt PUD vs. pyrogenic silica in an aliphatic PUD 1

Blends with aliph.

PUD 1 (see Fig.9)

For a comparable

gloss obtained

with 0.5% pyrogenic silica, we would need approx.

20% hard, matt PUD while for a gloss similar to 1.5% pyrogenic silica a level of

80% hard matt PUD is required.

Fig. 10) Efficiency of hard matt PUD vs. pyrogenic silica in an aliphatic PUD 2

Blends with aliph. PUD 2 (see Fig.10)

We can see that the matting efficiency is higher in this case, for a comparative

result to 0.5% pyrogenic silica only 10% hard, matt PUD is required. For similar

gloss levels compared to 1.5% pyrogenic silica, we need approx 60% of the hard,

matt PUD.

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In the two diagrams Fig. 9 & 10, we can clearly see that the required amount of

the hard matt PUD is higher compared to pyrogenic silica. Even though this is the

case, we need to keep in mind that the hard matt PUD acts as film forming poly-

mer and as matting agent at the same time!

These two examples indicate that the efficiency / matting power oft he matt PUD

is very much dependend on which other polymer it is combined and needs to be

checked in any case.

Another conclusion from the above is the fact that due to our very homogenous

film structure, we can only obtain a certain minimum gloss level in the 85° angle

– if we want to reduce that any further, we need to add a more coarse material

for the gloss reduction in the 85° angle.

Using silica only, it is not possible to reduce the gloss completely as one will need

an extremely high amount of silica (high viscosity, brittle, whitish film) with mul-

tiple median particle sizes.

Ultra matt wood finishes:

The most challenging part in producing wood finishes is certainly the „ultra matt“

quality. These ultra matt finishes, as mentioned at the beginning, are gaining

more and more interest from consumers due to their aesthetics.

Today, ultra matt wood finishes are made by using a variety of different matting

agents – this is necessary as one needs multiple particle sizes of matting materi-

als in order to create a topography which has an almost total light scattering.

That makes production of these coatings more difficult fort he formulator as dif-

ferent materials need to be properly dispersed and stabilised to ensure a long

shelf life. If silica is used in a formulation, the viscosity build up is very strong

which may cause issues with flow and levelling during application.

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Pos. Raw Material Amount Product Supplier

1 Alberdingk® UC 84 68.30 PU/AC-copolymer

dispersion Alberdingk Boley

2 Drewplus T-4201 0.40 defoamer Ashland

3 Dowanol DPnB 6.50 co-solvent Dow Chemical


5 Adimatt 30 F 14.00 polymeric matting

agent Supercolori

6 Ceraflour 920 2.00 matting agent BYK Cera

7 Ultralube D-818 2.50 wax dispersion Keim Additec

8 Byk 346 0.30 substrate wetting agent BYK Chemie

9 DSX 1514 0.10 rheology modifier BASF

10 Byk-E 420 0.50 rheology modifier BYK Chemie

11 Drewplus T-4201 0.40 defoamer Ashland

Total 100.00

Formulation Proposal FP 84/13

based on: Alberdingk® UC 84

application field: parquet coatings, ultra matt, natural look and feel

Fig. 11) Typical starting point formulation for an ultra matt wood finish

The a.m. starting point formulation contains 3 different matting agents (marked

in red) and achieves gloss levels of 1 (20°) / 2.5 (60°) / 2.2 (85°).

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Fig. 12) Confocal microscopy of a common ultra matt varnish (100x mag/size 178x134µm):

The microscopic picture shows us the shape and dimension of the three different

matting agents. Small and medium size particles with a non uniform shape and a

large spherical particle. This method of reducing the gloss level to a minimum,

causes a more slippy surface with a relatively low CoF.

Novel approach to an ultra matt varnish:

Using the inherent matt, hard PUD we have a novel tool that will help us to reach

ultra matt surfaces with much less efforts – since the main polymer is already

inherently matt, we just need an additional material to reduce the gloss in the

85° angle to a value of < 10.

In order to obtain a gloss level of < 10 in 85° angle using the inherent matt,

hard PUD, we need one matting agent that is larger in particle size than the aver-

age particle size of the polymer (4-6µm). Ideal material for this are micronised

waxes or spherical polymer particles with an average particle size of > 8µm

(PMMA or PU).

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Fig. 13) Confocal microscopy of the hard, matt PUD with micronised wax (100x mag/size 178x134µm)

Fig. 14) Confocal microscopy of the hard, matt PUD with 20µm PMMA

spheres (100x mag/size

178x134µm)

We can see that the micronised wax is smaller than the 20µm sphere with a mul-

timodal particle size. The 20µm PMMA sphere is dominating in Fig 14 and helps

us to reduce the gloss level at 85° angle down to values of 3 and below!! That

gloss level is equal or even lower than that of bare wood ! The eye is unable to

see if the wood is coated or not!

The size of the spheres could be varied from >8 up to 30µm – this will influence

the haptic properties. The 20µm sphere was choosen to obtain a more „wooden“

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Pos. Raw Material Amount Product Supplier

1 Alberdingk® PUR-Matt 970 VP 50.00 polyurethane


2 Alberdingk® U 7400 VP 15.00 polyurethane


3 Byk 024 0.20 defoamer BYK Chemie

4 Byk 346 0.40 substrate wet-

ting agent BYK Chemie

5 Dowanol DPnB 2.50 co-solvent Dow Chemical

6 Dowanol DPM 4.00 co-solvent Dow Chemical


8 BYK-7420 ES 0.20 rheology modifi-

er BYK Chemie

9 Optiflo T1000 1.00 rheology modifi-

er BYK Chemie

10 DynoAdd P-520 10.00 matting agent Dynea

Total 100.00

Formulation Proposal FP 970-07

based on: Alberdingk® PUR-Matt 970 VP

Alberdingk® U 7400 VP

application field: parquet application, general wood coating, ultra-matt

Fig. 15) Novel starting point formulation for an ultra matt wood finish using the inherent matt PUD:

Conclusion:

The novel, hard matt PUD offers an easy and efficient way to formulate anything

from low to ultra low gloss surfaces without compromising properties. Not only

that, it also helps to overcome shortfalls of silica matting agents such as e.g.

transparency (DOI), scuff and BHMR resistance ,storage stability and sedimenta-

tion as well as coefficient of friction.

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Outlook:

The novel hard matt PUD can be used also in different applications such as matt

wall paints with superior scratch resistance and overprint varnishes with a paper

like feel.

By changing the morphology of the particles and the design of the polymer back-

bone, we can also create softfeel, matt PUD’s (Fig. 16) and more....

Fig.16) convocal microscopy of a matt, softfeel PUD (100x mag/size 178x134µm)

Acknowledgements:

We would like to thank all our colleagues at ALBERDINGK BOLEY for their sup-

port. A special thanks to Petra della Valentina, Christian Unterfeld and Carsten

Nagel of BYK CHEMIE for their help with the confocal microscopy.

Documents

en pur matt 970 pinfo - Alberdingk · PDF fileAlberdingk ® PUR-MATT 970 VP Latest update March 10, 2015 page 1 of 27 ... Byk 024 (BYK Chemie) Byk-LP D 22709 (BYK Chemie) Substrate