El subjuntivo

Cápitulo 1

Label the index and pages 99 & 101 “El subjuntivo”

Indicative Mood

All of the verbs learned so far are in the indicative mood, which is used to express actions that actually do, did or will take place. It is used to express real events.

Subjunctive Mood

The subjunctive mood is used to express something that is not necessarily factual or real. It expresses things that might happen.

Subjunctive Mood

Ejemplo:Juan estudia mucho y recibe buenas notas.

Los padres de Juan quieren que él estudie mucho y que reciba buenas notas.

Subjunctive Mood

The 1st sentence tells that Juan studies a lot and gets good grades: this info is factual, and therefore uses the indicative.

Subjunctive Mood

The 2nd tells that Juan’s parents want him to study and get good grades, but that doesn’t mean that he will actually do it. It tells what may happen, not facts, and for this reason you must use the subjunctive in the clause that depends upon quieren. Such a clause is called a dependent clause.

How to Form…To form the present tense of the subjunctive, you drop the o ending of the ‘yo’ form of the present indicative (including irregular present tense).Ejemplos:

mirar miro mir-Salir salgo salg-Pensar pienso piens-

Then, you add the subjunctive endings. AR VerbsYo – e Nosotros - emos

Tú - es Vosotros - éis

Él/Ella/Ud. - e Ellos/Ellas/Uds. - en

ER/IR Verbs

Yo – a Nosotros - amos

Tú - as Vosotros - áis

Él/Ella/Ud. - a Ellos/Ellas/Uds. - an

Subjunctive Mood

There are 6 irregulars in the subjunctive (DISHES).

Dar – to give

Yo – dé Nosotros - demos

Tú - des Vosotros - deis

Él/Ella/Ud. - dé Ellos/Ellas/Uds. - den

Ir – to go

Yo – vaya Nosotros - vayamos

Tú - vayas Vosotros - vayáis

Él/Ella/Ud. - vaya Ellos/Ellas/Uds. - vayan

Ser – to be

Yo – sea Nosotros - seamos

Tú - seas Vosotros - seáis

Él/Ella/Ud. - sea Ellos/Ellas/Uds. - sean

Haber – to have (auxilary verb)

Yo – haya Nosotros - hayamos

Tú - hayas Vosotros - hayáis

Él/Ella/Ud. - haya Ellos/Ellas/Uds. - hayan

Estar – to be

Yo – esté Nosotros - estemos

Tú - estés Vosotros - estéis

Él/Ella/Ud. - esté Ellos/Ellas/Uds. - estén

Saber – to know (info)

Yo – sepa Nosotros - sepamos

Tú - sepas Vosotros - sepáis

Él/Ella/Ud. - sepa Ellos/Ellas/Uds. - sepan