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Señorita Hittie Español III Pre-AP. El subjuntivo. Tense vs. Mood. Every verb has a tense and a mood Tense = Time Past, Present and Future Mood = Feelings Outside of time All about context 3 Main Moods. Mood 1: Indicative. Just the facts Like a teacher - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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EL SUBJUNTIVOSeñorita Hittie
Español III Pre-AP
Tense vs. Mood Every verb has a tense and a mood Tense = Time
Past, Present and Future Mood = Feelings
Outside of timeAll about context3 Main Moods
Mood 1: Indicative Just the facts Like a teacher The regular past,
present, and future we have learned
Christopher Columbus encontró América en
1492
Tenemos tarea esta noche
Vamos a tener un examen el viernes
Mood 2: Imperative Commands Present Tense Like a parent telling
you what to do Assume that it is
going to happen
¡Haz la tarea!
¡Limpia la casa!
¡No vayas a la fiesta!
Mood 3: Subjunctive The mood of doubt
and uncertainty Past, present*, or
future Like a bratty little
sisterDoesn’t believe in youTells you what to do
(doesn’t mean you’ll do it!)
Always talking about her hopes and dreams
No creo que vayas a aprobar
el examen
Sugiero que limpies mi
cuartoEspero que
Esteban salga conmigo
Forming the SubjunctiveThe formation of the subjunctive is exactly the same as the formation of commands!
1. Put the verb in the yo form Ex (Hablar – want tú form): hablo
2. Drop the –o habl-
3. Add the opposite ending hables
What are the “opposite endings?”AR Verbs ER/IR Verbs
Yo – a Tú – as Él/Ella/Ud. – a Nosotros – amos Ellos/Ellas/Uds – an
Yo – e Tú – es Él/Ella/Ud. – e Nosotros – emos Ellos/Ellas/Uds – en
Irregulars – From “yo” form
Stem Changers Nosotros
e ie Mentir – mienta, mientas Pensar – piense, pienses
e i Pedir – pida, pidas, pidan
o ue Dormir – duerma, duermas Contar – cuente, cuentes Resolver – resuelva
u ue Jugar – juegue, juegues
AR & ER: Back to normal stem Pensar – pensemos Contar – contemos Resolver – resolvamos
IR: e i Mentir – mintamos Pedir – pidamos o u Dormir - durmamos
Irregulars – From “yo” form
Yo-Go’s G-J’s
Hacer – haga, hagamos Tener – tenga, tengamos Decir – diga, digas Poner – ponga, pongas Salir – salga, salgamos Traer – traiga, traigamos Caer – caiga, caigamos Venir – venga
GER/GIR verbs Escoger – escoja Fingir – finja, finjamos Proteger – proteja Recoger – recoja
Irregulars – From “yo” form
“Snow Cones”Z-C’s
GU-G
CER/CIR verbs Conocer – conozca Obedecer – obedezca Ofrecer – ofrezca Vencer – venza
GUIR verbs Seguir – siga, sigamos Conseguir – consiga Extinguir – extinga Distinguir – distinga
Irregulars – From “yo” form
Added “y” Accented í or ú
UIR Verbs Add “y” in all 5 forms Construir – construya Destruir – destruya Excluir – excluya Huir – huya, huyamos Incluir – incluya
IAR and UAR verbs Accent in all forms except
nosotros Confiar – confíe, confiemos Desconfiar – desconfíe Enviar – envíe, enviemos Esquiar – esquíe, esquiemos Actuar – actúe, actuemos Continuar - continúe
Irregulars – CAR, GAR, & ZAR Spell Change in all 5 forms to prevent
pronunciation problems CAR: ce que
Practicar: practique, practiques, practique, practiquemos, practiquen
GAR: ge gueJugar: juegue, juegues, juegue, juguemos, jueguen
ZAR: ze ceEmpezar: empiece, empieces, empiece,
empecemos, empiecen
True Irregulars Dar
dé, des, dé, demos, den Estar
esté, estés, esté, estemos, estén Ir
vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayanUse ir + a + infinitive for the future
Sabersepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepan
Sersea, seas, sea, seamos, sean
Haberhaya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayanUse with past participle for present perfect formation
What about pronouns? Here’s one place our conjugation differs
from commands. You MUST put your pronouns (reflexive,
reciprocal, direct object, indirect object) BEFORE the conjugated subjunctive verb.
What does it all mean? English does not have a different conjugation
for the subjunctive mood.voy = I govaya = I go
The difference is subtle, so we have to think about when we need indicative or subjunctive…voy = I go (for sure)vaya = I go (maybe, hopefully, doubtfully, please)
Context To use the subjunctive, first you have to indicate that
there is a need for it. You need to express that there is doubt, uncertainty,
hope, or a suggestion. We express these things through various expressions
(see vocab), and use the indicative for this conjugation. I definitely doubt, hope for, or am suggesting
After that, we use the subjunctive for what it is that we are doubting, hoping, or suggesting
The word “que” acts as a bridge between the indicative and the subjunctive. It allows for a change of mood and a change in subject.
Examples