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Drones / sUASUnmanned Aircraft Systems at the Flood Control District
Drone Mapping
Joe Wagner
Mapping, Surveying, & CAD Manager
Engineering Division
Greywolf Drone 1986
Greywolf Drone 1986
Greywolf Drone 1986
• 17ft wingspan
• 15ft in length
• 38 hp motorcycle engine
• Catapult launched
• Infrared and daylight camera
Potential UAS use at the District
• Storm event inspection/documentation
• Surveying/mapping for engineering and design
• Volume calculations for construction projects
• Inspections:
– Dams, Levees
– Bridges
– Construction Management monitoring
– Property inspections and appraisals
Drone types
• Multi Rotor
• Fixed Wing
Project Planning
• Define project site and estimate ground control
Ground Control
• Set aerial targets across project site
• Low and high spots
• Horizontal and vertical
X = easting
Y = northing
Z = elevation
Mission Planning• Drone mission
planning apps such as DroneDeploy, PIX4D, and DJI GO
• Create flight parameters such as speed, altitude, image overlap based on specifications
Mission Planning• 18 acres
• 11 min 46 secs flight time
• 159 images
• 200ft AGL
• 80% forward overlap
• 80% side overlap
• 1 battery
• 15 mph
Photogrammetric processStereo pairs are made up of overlapping images – 80% - 159 images
Photogrammetric processStereo pairs are made up of overlapping images – 80%
Photogrammetric process
Photogrammetric mapping was doneusing 9” x 9” film in black and whiteAt a scale of 1” = 800’.
Photogrammetric process
• Each image taken from the drone is georeferenced using it’s onboard GPS.
• The Bentley ContextCapture software imports each image into their proper location.
• The aerotriangulation process aligns each image and calculates tie points between each image. It looks for like pixels between images.
• ContextCapture merges each image to create the 3D mesh and associated data.
Drone Flight
Drone Flight
Data output
• Vertical accuracy is approx. 2-4 cm
• Individual images – stereo pairs
• 3D mesh
• Orthophoto - georeferenced
• RasterDEM tif - georeferenced
• Digital Surface Model (DSM) pointcloud LAS file
• Contours
• Video – 4K mp4 or mov formats
Output Data From Flight
• 3D mesh
3D mesh flythrough
3D mesh of rock slide area
3D mesh TIN
3D mesh
3D mesh created from Nikon DSLR images
Aerial LiDAR pointcloud
Aerial LiDAR pointcloud
Drone derived pointcloud
Full LiDAR Bare earth LiDAR
Drone derived 2ft contours
2ft Contours with orthophoto 2ft Contours
Orthophoto comparison
County ortho.32’ pixel resolution
Drone ortho.7” pixel resolution
Orthophoto comparison
County ortho.32’ pixel resolution
Drone ortho.7” pixel resolution
3D pointcloud from drone
Each pixel represents X,Y, and Z values3D pointcloud with RGB values on each point
3D pointcloud from Leica C10
3D pointcloud with RGB values from terrestrial ground scanner - notice shadows from vegetation and ground above scanner.
Siphon Draw Fissures Flight
Siphon Draw Fissures Flight
Siphon Draw Fissures Flight
Siphon Draw Fissures Flight
Siphon Draw Fissures Flight
Without ground control With ground control
Siphon Draw Fissures Flight
Drone flight with ground control
County orthophoto
Siphon Draw Fissures Flight
Weir pointcloud Fissure pointcloud
Question?
Joseph Wagner
Mapping, Surveying, & CAD Manager
Engineering Division
Flood Control District
2801 W Durango St, Phoenix, AZ 85009
602-506-2203 Office
623-297-2638 Cell
