Der Sportwagen - May / June 2011

8/7/2019 Der Sportwagen - May / June 2011

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[pnu}|glahMau Bgt . Jqha 5?77

Ia}—{ Ln Kiqe Ugkdhl'

_cn}n et Jdb Ughm



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?775

Eadhl g _nu{kca n|hau cg{ d}{ pudvdiala{( Fnu g idbd}am }dba) tnq kgh }gà -7?? nff bgdh}ahghka {auvdka{ g} Gud{}nkug} _nu{kca(

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D";1 & [cg|haa Bd{{dnh _`|t

G BABEAU NF ]CA [NGVA GQ]NBN]DVA LUNQ_

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_NU[KCA N\HAU[) ]G@A - 7?? NFF G FQII [AUVDKA BGDH]AHGHK A(*

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]CA 5?7 7 _NU[KCA _GHGBAUG

’D KNQIMH—] FDHM ]CA KGU D—M EAAH MUAGBDHL NF)

[N D MAKDMAM ]N EQDIM D] BT[AIF‒” FAUUT _NU[KCA



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Bgt . Jqha 5?77 ;

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Mau [pnu}|glah @gh{g{ Kd}t Ualdnh

_nu{kca Kiqe nf Gbaudkg

Bgt . Jqha 5?77

Mau [pnu}|glah d{ }ca nffdkdgi pqeidkg}dnh nf }ca @gh{g{ Kd}t Ua

ldnh) _nu{kca Kiqe nf Gbaudkg #@KU_KG$ ghm gii knh}ah}{ gua

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ea amd}am fnu lugbbgu ghm iahl}c( _NU[KCA¨) }ca _nu{kca

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74 \dha ]g{}dhl g} \dha Fidlc}{ Egu

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56 Kiqe Ugkdhl _dk}qua{

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d}{aif) ghm ig{} eq} kau}gdhit hn} iag{}) }ca Bgt.Jqh d{{qa nf Mau

[pnu}|glah) }ca pg{} bnh}c nu {n cg{ eaah g eiqu( Fnu}qhg}ait)

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fni`{) {pakdfdkgiit pcn}nlugpcau{ Jdb Ughm ghm Jgk` Ed{cnp)

piq{ }ca {nidm |nu` nf nqu ualqigu knh}udeq}nu{) |a cgva g luag}

d{{qa fnu tnqu uagmdhl ahjntbah}(

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avah}) d} |g{ hn} pn{{deia }n la} nqu Kiqe Ugka {}nuda{ pqeid{cam

dh }cd{ d{{qa) eq} hn} }n |nuut( ]cgh`{ }n }ca affnu}{ nf Jdb ghm

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edlla{} avah} dh 5?77( Cnpafqiit }cd{ |dii pdwqa tnqu dh}aua{} fnu

}ca has} d{{qa) fag}qudhl g eacdhm }ca |caai gu}dkia et Udkcgum

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|nh—} |gh} }n bd{{ d}'

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bqben jqben) }cah D uaknbbahm tnq punkaam dbbamdg}ait }n

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haam }n cgva Mnk \diah kcak` tnqu fqhht enha }n dh{qua d}—{

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Funb }ca Amd}nuMgvdm Ia{{bghh) Amd}nu Mau [pnu}|glah

#Knh}dhqam nh pgla 1$



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77=

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[aa pgla 76 fnu _KG Znha 7? Kgiahmgu

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Jqh 75 Dka Kuagb [nkdgi . _np Wqdz g} Jdb & Hghkt Ughm{ #{aa pgla 55$

56 Gq}nkun{{) Gbaud{}gu Kg{dhn

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51 Gq}nkun{{) Gbaud{}gu Kg{dhn

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[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 1

Mau [pnu}|glah [}gff

Bghgldhl Amd}nu: Mgvdm Ia{{bghh

[nkdgi Amd}nu: Jgh _daukaGq}nkun{{ Amd}nu{: Jgk` Ed{cnp)

Uqmt Unmudlqaz

Kiqe Ugkdhl & MA Amd}nu{: Udkcgum Eahha}})

Kcud{ BkDh}utua

]akc Amd}nu: @gui \diah

Ualqigu Knh}udeq}nu{: _ua{dmah}) Ugipc Idlc}

Babeau{cdp Kcgdubgh) Mnql _dauka

V_ " [nkdgi Gk}dvd}da{) Jqmt Eahha}}

Znha 7? Uapua{ah}g}dva) Mnql _dauka

_cn}n Kuamd}{ }cd{ D{{qa: Jqmt Eahha}})

Jgk` Ed{cnp)

Jdb Enen|{`d)

[kn}} Cguud{nh)

Mnql & Jgh _dauka)

Jdb Ughm)

@gui \diah)

Mgvdm \di`{

[ahm q{ tnqu {}nut ghm |a—ii pudh} d}( Jq{} a"bgdi }ca {}nut

ginhl |d}c ght pcn}nlugpc{ }n mau{pnu}|glahOlbgdi(knb(

Bnvdhl>_nu{kca Kiqe nf Gbaudkg Hg}dnhgi Nffdka uawqa{}{ }cg} gii gm"

mua{{ kcghla{ ghm uaknum qpmg}a{) dhkiqmdhl pcnha) fgs) abgdi

ghm kgu bnmai dhfnubg}dnh) ea {ah} mduak}it }n Kgunith A|egh`)

Babeau{cdp Knbbd}}aa Kcgdu( Cau gmmua{{ d{ dh }ca egk` nf

_GHNUGBG bglgzdha( D} |nqim ea caipfqi df tnq |nqim gi{n

{ahm ght kcghla{ }n @gh{g{ Kd}t Ualdnh Babeau{cdp Kcgdu"

bgh) Mnql _dauka( Fniin|dhl }cd{ punkamqua {cnqim ah{qua }cg}

tnq la} }dbait uakadp} nf gii bglgzdha{ ghm ha|{ia}}au{(

Mau [pnu}|glah Gmvau}d{dhl Ug}a{

[dza Nha D{{qa [ds D{{qa{ Gm [dza{Fqii _gla -7?? -=?? <(1‒ s 7?‒Cgif _gla -<1 -551 <(1‒ s =(<1‒Wqgu}au _gla -1? -751 ;(1‒ s =(<1‒Eq{dha{{ Kgum -51 -<1 ;(1‒ s 5‒

[aa |||(`kupkg(nul fnu |ae{d}a gmvau}d{dhl ug}a{'

}n jndh }cab vdg }ca Kcqbp Kgu Kcunhdkia{ nh pgla 77(

Fdhgiit |a |ugp"qp }ca ugkdhl }caba |d}c g ua}quh nf gh

avau pnpqigu avah} fnu @KU_KG babeau{) gq}nkun{{( Uqmt

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}cd{ tagu ghm tnq kgh fdhm }ca ma}gdi{ nh pgla{ 5= ‛ 51(

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{kaha) ent mn |a cgva tnq knvauam' Jgh _dauka |nuàm nvau"

}dba }cd{ d{{qa knvaudhl gii }ca {nkdgi avah}{ }cg} }nn` pigka }cd{

{pudhl( Dhkiqmam gua }ca \dha ]g{}dhl g} \dha Fidlc}{) }ca \gt"

bgh npah cnq{a) ghm }ca }udp }n }ca ]uqbgh Ideugut( Dh gmmd}dnh)

[nkdgi V_ Jqmt Eahha}} d{ idhdhl qp {nba nq}{}ghmdhl avah}{ }n

la} q{ }cunqlc }ca {qbbau( Ghm {pag`dhl nf {qbbau) d}—{ }dba

}n {dlh"qp fnu }ca 5?77 _nu{kca _gugma df tnq cgvah—} mnha {n

giuagmt( ]ca ma}gdi{ gua nh pgla 71(

Df tnq gua g fgh nf }ca gu}{) nha nf }ca fdha{} gq}nbn}dva

knhknqu{ dh }ca Bdm|a{} haam{ }ca caip nf _nu{kca Kiqe bab"

eau{( Kcak` nq} }ca ma}gdi{ nh pgla 5;(

Fdhgiit) D—b vaut piag{am }n |aiknba }|n ha| gmvau}d{au{

}cd{ d{{qa) Uqmt Unmudlqaz nf Fgubau{ Dh{qughka) ghm Eghlau

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ghm pudh}dhl Mau [pnu}|glah d{ nha nf @KU_KG—[ bn{} kn{}it

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eg{am nh }ca {auvdka{ }cat punvdma( ]n g{{d{} dh }cg} affnu}) Mau

[pnu}|glah) hn| nffau{ gh gmvau}d{au—{ dhmas nh pgla 53(

[n }caua tnq cgva d}( Nha jgb"pgkàm d{{qa g{ |a cagm

dh}n {qbbau( G{ gi|gt{ {ahm ba tnqu faamegk` g{ |aii g{ ght

_nu{kca"uaig}am {}nut tnq |gh} }n {cgua( D—ii ea cgppt }n dhkiqma

d} dh g fq}qua d{{qa nf Mau [pnu}|glah( Kcaau{'

”Mgvdm

#Knh}dhqam funb pgla ;$

Ludm kua| funb }ca @KU_KG Kiqe Ugka( _dk}quam funb iaf}}n udlc}: Idh Equhat) Jdb Lugvah) ]db Geugcgb) @gui \diah)[}ava Jnha{) @avdh Guequh) Ggunh Uqeah`dhl) ghm Mgvdm Ia{{"bghh( Hn} pdk}quam eq} pgu} nf }ca ludm kua| gua @aiit Hnu"kun{{) Bg}} Geugcgb) Jdb Enen|{`d) ghm ]dg \diah #]ugk` [akqud}t$( \g}kc fnu }ca has} d{{qa nf Mau [pnu}|glah }n {aacn| g {a} nf ugl"}gl bd{}{ |g{ }quham dh}n g lunqp nf ludmdhl punfa{{dnhgi{ mqa }n }ca anu}{ nqu va}augh iagmau) Idh Equhat(



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?776

Dh 5??7) _nu{kca dh}unmqkam }ca ha| |g}au"knniam 477

}|dh }quen( Eg{am nff }ca }ugmd}dnhgi L]7 kg{a) _nu{kca gmmam

g fa| ha| }udk`{ }n ldva }ca ahldha g ha| iavai nf pn|au ghm

mudvgedid}t( _gu} nf }cd{ |g{ bgma pn{{deia q{dhl g vgudgeia vgiva

}dbdhl {t{}ab kgiiam Vgudn Kgb _iq{ #VK_$( VK_ q{a{ g knbed"

hg}dnh nf vgudgeia vgiva }dbdhl) g{ |aii g{ vgudgeia vgiva idf} nh }ca

dh}gà kgb{cgf} }n dhkuag{a pn|au ghm }nuwqa |cdia makuag{dhl

fqai knh{qbp}dnh( Tnq kgh }cdh` nf d} g{ cgvdhl }|n ahldha{ dh

nha( ]ca fdu{}) g bdim bghhauam ghm mudvgeia ahldha fnu la}}dhl

lunkauda{) ghm }ca {aknhm) gh ahldha }cg} giin|{ fnu bgsdbqb

paufnubghka( ]ca ea{} pgu} d{ }cg} VK_ giin|{ }ca ahldha bgh"glabah} {t{}ab }n {|d}kc {agbia{{it ea}|aah }ca }|n( Cn|

d{ }cd{ mnha tnq g{`> ]ca vgudgeia idf} {t{}ab d{ gkknbpid{cam

et g bqi}d pdaka }gppa}) gk}dvg}am et gh aiak}unhdk {niahndm( G

in| idf} knhfdlqug}dnh d{ q{am g} pgu}dgi }cun}}ia ginhl |d}c }dbdhl

gmvghka) |cauag{ g cdlc vgiva idf} ghm }dbdhl gmvghka knhfdlq"

ug}dnh d{ q{am nh fqii }cun}}ia gppidkg}dnh{( ]cd{ knbedhg}dnh nf

vgiva idf}) g{ |aii g{ }ca gedid}t }n gmjq{} }ca vgiva }dbdhl) giin|{

fnu g }uabahmnq{ gbnqh} nf pn|au funb g {bgii md{pigkabah}

ahldha) |cdia {}dii bgdh}gdhdhl g vaut mudvgeia kgu nh }ca {}uaa}(

Hn| nh }n }ca egm( G{ }ca ahldha{ gla) }ca bqi}d pdaka

}gppa}{ gua {}gu}dhl }n knba gpgu} dh{dma }ca ahldha{( \a

cgva {aah }gppa}{ knba gpgu} g} g{ id}}ia g{ ;?` bdia{( ]ca

ua{qi} kgh ea {iqlld{c paufnubghka) nu gh ahldha }cg} lna{ dh}n

g idbp bnma }utdhl }n pun}ak} d}{aif( \cah }ca }gppa}{ knba

gpgu}) tnq a{{ah}dgiit kgh cgva mdffauah} vgiva idf} nh mdffauah} kti"

dhmau{.vgiva{) |cdkc d{ hn} g lnnm }cdhl( Hn} nhit }cd{) eq} tnq

cgva pgu}{ nf }ca }gppa}{ }cg} la} mabnid{cam }n g bdkun{knpdk

pqip }cg} }cah ln }cunqlc }ca ahldha( Tnq guah—} idàit }n fdhm

ba}gi {cgvdhl{ dh tnqu ndi fdi}au) eq} |nqim ug}cau {aa ba}gi knh"

}ah} {in|it ud{dhl }cunqlc gh ndi ghgit{d{ g{ }ca }gppa}{ knba

gpgu}( ]n {aa }cd{ }cnqlc) tnq haam }n cgva g eg{aidha mnha

|cah }ca ahldha d{ {}dii dh lnnm {cgpa {n tnq cgva {nba}cdhl }n

knbpgua }n( \cah }ca }gppa}{ {}gu} }n knba gpgu}) }ca ahldha

cgubnhdk{ gua gi}auam ghm d} pq}{ {}ua{{ nh }ca kgb{cgf}

ghm }ca vgudn kgb gk}qg}nu{ }cg} {d} nh }ca ahm nf en}c dh}gàkgb{cgf}{( ]ca dh}gà kgb{cgf}{ cgva udhl{ nh }ca ahm{) |cdkc

|dii }cah md{dh}alug}a) ghm {}gu} }g`dhl nq} }ca gk}qg}nu{( ]ca{a

gk}qg}nu{ punvdma }ca vgudgeia vgiva }dbdhl }n }ca ahldha(

Hn| nh }n }ca fqh {}qff( Caua d{ g 446]] ahldha aspn{am(

]ca dh}gà kgb{cgf} d{ }ca }np kgb{cgf}) |d}c }ca ascgq{}

kgb{cgf} nh en}}nb( \a gua inn`dhl g} egh` 5) nu }ca pg{{ah"

lau {dma( ]ca vgudn kgb gk}qg}nu {d}{ nh }ca ahm nf }ca dh}gà

kgb{cgf}) ghm d{ mudvah et }ca }dbdhl kcgdh(

Vgudn Kgb _iq{@gui \diah) Mau [pnu}|glah ]akc Amd}numnk`guiO|diah(q{

\d}c }ca kgb{cgf}{ uabnvam) |a kgh {aa }ca dh}gà }gp"

pa}{) |cdkc punvdma }ca vgudgeia idf} }n }ca dh}gà vgiva{ eg{am

nff |cdkc pnu}dnh) nu inea nf }ca kgb{cgf}) d{ dh knh}gk} |d}c }ca

}gppa}( #Dlhnua }ca nha bd{{dhl }gppa}) |a |dii la} }n }cg}$(

]ca fniin|dhl pdk}qua {cn|{ cn| }ca }gppa} udma{ nh }ca

dh}gà kgb{cgf}( ]ca kah}au {ak}dnh nf }ca }gppa} kgh ud{a ghm

bgà knh}gk} |d}c }ca kah}au inea nf }ca kgb{cgf} }n punvdma

}ca idf}(



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 <

Gi}auhg}dvait) }ca kah}au {ak}dnh |dii ua}ugk}) giin|dhl }ca

nq}au {ak}dnh nf }ca }gppa} }n knba dh knh}gk} |d}c }ca nq}au

inea{ nf }ca kgb{cgf}) giin|dhl g mdffauah} idf}(

Uabnvam funb }ca kgb cnq{dhl) }ca dh}gà }gppa}{

{cnqim ea g knh}gdham qhd} g{ {aah caua(

Qhfnu}qhg}ait) }cd{ pdk}qua {cn|{ g }gppa} }cg} cg{ knba

gpgu}( \cah d} knba{ gpgu}) }ca kah}au {ak}dnh d{ hn} geia }n

punvdma ght idf}(

Has} qp) d{ }ca vgudn kgb gk}qg}nu( ]ca vgudn kgb gk}qg"

}nu d{ g}}gkcam }n agkc dh}gà kgb{cgf}) ghm giin|{ }ca pn{d}dnh

nf }ca kgb{cgf} }dbdhl }n kcghla g{ haamam #giin|{ }ca kgb"

{cgf} }n un}g}a {idlc}it }n gmvghka nu ua}gum }dbdhl$(

Hn}dka }ca kah}au {ak}dnh nf }ca gk}qg}nu cg{ g {pdugiam

{ak}dnh( G{ }ca gk}qg}nu bnva{ dh ghm nq}) }ca kgb{cgf} }cg} d{

g}}gkcam }n d} un}g}a{) }cq{ kcghldhl }ca }dbdhl(

Caua }ca gk}qg}nu d{ dh d}{ ua}ugk}am pn{d}dnh(

Hn|) {dhka D kgh—} {cn| tnq g vdman nh pgpau) tnq cgva }n

q{a tnqu dbgldhg}dnh vd{qgidzdhl }ca un}g}dnh nf }ca kgb{cgf} g{

}ca kah}au {ak}dnh nf }ca gk}qg}nu bnva{ dh|gum ghm nq}|gum(Ghm }cg} d{ cn| }ca vgudn kgb gk}qg}nu |nu`{' Gii nf }cd{ d{ gk"

knbpid{cam }cunqlc ctmugqidk pua{{qua{…pua}}t knni'

D `hn| |cg} }ca has} wqa{}dnh d{( Cn| kgh D puavah} }cd{

funb cgppahdhl> G{` 7? mdffauah} aspau}{ ghm tnq—ii la} 7? mdf"

fauah} gh{|au{( [nba aspau}{ uapunlugb }ca ahldha bghgla"

bah} {t{}ab }n ink` }ca }gppa}{ dh pigka( ]ca ua{qi} d{ {idlc}it

in|au }nuwqa mn|h in|) eq} tnq kgh pdk` qp {nba enn{} ua"

{pnh{a( Nha }cdhl bn{} nf }ca aspau}{ mn gluaa nh d{ }ca bn{}

dbpnu}gh} }cdhl tnq kgh mn d{ }n kcghla tnqu ndi nf}ah( [nba

aspau}{ |dii }aii tnq }n nhit q{a 1|=? dh }ca{a ahldha{) |cdia

n}cau{ |dii knh}dhqa }n knh}ahm ?|=? d{ fdha( G{ |a gua {aadhl

d{{qa{ |d}c }ca B46 DB[ eagudhl{) }ca ua{agukc d{ pndh}dhl }n"

|gum{ }ca }cdh ?|=? ndi g{ nha nf }ca kqipud}{( [nba aspau}{ dh

}ca 446]] ahldha{ gua kigdbdhl }ca {gba }cdhl( ]ca ea{} }cdhl

tnq kgh mn d{ numau gh ndi ghgit{d{ `d} funb Eigk`{}nha igenug"

}nuda{) la} g eg{aidha {gbpia nf tnqu ndi) ghm {pahm }ca as}ug

-5?(?? avaut ndi kcghla }n cgva g {gbpia {ah} }n Eigk`{}nha(

]cat |dii punvdma tnq |d}c g knbpia}a euag`mn|h nf }ca knh}gbd

hgh}{ dh }ca ndi( Df tnq {aa }ca{a vgiqa{ kcghla nvau }dba) }cah d}

d{ ea{} }n la} dh}n }ca ahldha ghm dh{pak} }ca knbpnhah}{(

" @gu



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?773

[ah{nut Nvauingm: D}—{ 7:?? GB) kgu{ gua {kuagbdhl #g}

75? makdeai{$ gunqhm }ca Mgt}nhg ugka}ugk`) eaau d{ pnqudhl

fuaait) panpia gua avaut|caua( Kgbpfdua{ gua ungudhl dh }ca

dhfdaim uafqlaa kgbp) g lqt {inqkcam dh g kcgdu has} }n ba d{

{hnudhl #g} 751 makdeai{$( D—b |g}kcdhl g }ugh{bd{{dnh d{ eadhl

uaeqdi} g} }ca {paam nf idlc}) `dm{ gua {kuagbdhl #g} 7;? makd"

eai{$ nh }ca Fauud{ |caai) ghm {nba uamhak` jq{} makdmam HN\

d{ }ca paufak} }dba }n ah}au }ca `gugnà knbpa}d}dnh) jqbp qp

nh {}gla) ghm {dhl [|aa} Cnba Gigegbg #g} gunqhm 5?? makd"

eai{$( D q{a }ca }aub ’{dhl‒ nhit dh }ca eungma{} {ah{a(

]cd{ d{ |cg} tnq |dii aspaudahka g} }ca Unias 5= g} Mgt}n"

hg( ]cd{ uapnu} |dii }aii tnq |cg} }n aspak} df tnq g}}ahm }ca ugka)

}dp{ fnu bg dhl }ca }udp g{ {bnn}c g{ pn{{deia) ghm bd{}gà{ }n

gvndm( Cnpafqiit D |dii hn} uavagi }nn bqkc genq} bt bght kcgu"

gk}au fig|{( Amd}nu—{ hn}a: ]db cg{ fgu }nn bght kcgugk}au

fig|{ }n knvau dh nha kniqbh((

@KU_KG ghm @K\[ babeau Jdb Enen|{`d bghglam

}n {knua gii gkka{{ pg{{a{ }n U5=GM #D bgma }cg} qp eakgq{a

}cd{ {ah}ahka haamam ghn}cau gkunhtb$( Caim dh Mgt}nhg) FI

nh Jghqgut 54";?) Jdb |g{ qhgeia }n fdhm {nbanha dh}aua{}"

dhl }n ln |d}c cdb {n ca ua{nu}am }n g{`dhl ba df D |gh}am cd{

as}ug }dkà}( Dh fgk}) cd{ abgdi uagm ’Cat ]db( D—b qhgeia }n fdhm

{nbanha dh}aua{}dhl }n ln |d}c ba }n Mgt}nhg( Tnq |gh} btas}ug }dkà}>‒ D {gdm ta{ ghm dbbamdg}ait ahuniiam dh g |nu`{cnp

}n caip ba eaknba bnua dh}aua{}dhl(

\a fia| dh}n Nuighmn nh dh{ghait kcagp }dkà}{ #}cgh`{

Md{hat$) uah}am g kgu) ghm bgma }ca 4? bdhq}a mudva }n Mgt"

}nhg( ]ca }ugk` {d}{ nh Dh}auhg}dnhgi [paam|gt Eivm() |cdkc d{

}ca bgdh mugl }cunqlc }n|h( D |g{ puapguam fnu bg{{dva }ugffdk

jgb{) {kgipau{ cg|`dhl }dkà}{) kcgn{) kcdimuah uqhhdhl dh}n }ugf"

fdk) inhl idha{ fnu g equud}n) fnqu"|caai mudva }uqk`{ {pnu}dhl uaeai

figl{ ghm lqh ugk`{) ghm }nh{ nf {cdu}ia{{ ugka fgh{ |d}c ’+;

=avau dh nqu ‒ }g}}nn{ bgukcdhl }n|gum Mgt}nhg Dh}auhg}dnhgi

[paam|gt( Tagc) }cg}—{ |cg} D aspak}am( Caua—{ |cg} D {g|:

Numauit) idlc} }ugffdk) {bnn}c gkka{{ }n pgu`dhl) }nh{ nf gbgzdhl{pnu}{ kgu{ #ghm g eqhkc nf Knuva}}a{$) |aii"eacgvam kcdimuah)

hn idha{ g} Kcdpn}ia) ghm {nba {cdu}ia{{ lqt |d}c g ’+; =avau

dh nqu ‒ }g}}nn( ]cd{ d{ tnqu fdu{} {dlh }cg} {pnu}{ kgu ugkdhl d{

hn} wqd}a g{ pnpqigu dh }ca Q([( g{ {gt) HG[KGU(

Nh guudvgi) tnq gua pua{ah}am |d}c }|n pgu`dhl np}dnh{:

Nq}{dma }ca }ugk` dh }ca pqeidk pgu`dhl) nu dh{dma }ca }ugk` dh

}ca dhfdaim( Fnu}qhg}ait fnu q{) |a {aiak}am }ca kcagpau nq}{dma

np}dnh( _un"}dp +7: Df tnq gua nvau g kau}gdh gla ghm pigh nh

]db—{ Unias Gmvah}qua]db Geugcgb) @KU_KG Babeau

]db {ah} }cd{ pdk }n cd{ eqmmda{( \a kgh—} pudh} }cadu uapit(

]db kcg}}dhl qp cd{ _[M[ dh{}uqk}nu) Cquiat Cgt|nnm #dhegk`lunqhm$( Hn}a Cgt|nnm pua}ahmdhl }n dlhnua cd{ gmvdka(

]ca inhaida{} |gi` dh bn}nu{pnu}{( #Hn}a: ]db bgma }cg} qp($



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 4

{iaapdhl g} ght pndh} mqudhl }ca ugka) pgu` nq}{dma( Bnua nh

}cg} ig}au(

]ca dhfdaim g} Mgt}nhg d{ 73? gkua{ ghm tnq |dii |gi` avaut

dhkc nf d}( Bght }dba{( Mua{{ fnu knbfnu} #a{pakdgiit {cna{$)

ghm bnhd}nu }ca |ag}cau kin{ait {n tnq kgh pgk` gkknumdhlit(

Mapahmdhl nh }ca tagu) tnq bgt aspaudahka cdlc }abpaug}qua{)fuaazdhl hdlc}{) ugdh ghm }nh{ nf bqm( ]cd{ tagu }ca |ag}cau

|g{ paufak}( D} |g{ dh }ca bdm <?—{ mqudhl }ca mgt ghm in| 6?—{

g} hdlc}( Jagh{) }ahhd{ {cna{) ghm g inhl"{iaava }"{cdu} |aua gii D

haamam( _un"}dp +5: _gk` agu pun}ak}dnh( ]cn{a fngb agu piql{

}cg} tnq q{a }n bg{` tnqu {pnq{a—{ {hnudhl |nu` pua}}t |aii)

gi}cnqlc D {g| g igula hqbeau nf ugka fgh{ |d}c cagmpcnha{

cnnàm }n {nba }tpa nf knbbqhdkg}dnh{ mavdka( D—b }nim tnq

kgh id{}ah dh nh }ca ugka }agb{ |d}c }ca{a knh}ugp}dnh{( \ct

ghtnha |nqim |gh} }n cagu g mudvau g{`dhl cd{ kua| kcdaf g

bdiidnh }dba{ ’Gua |a }caua ta}>‒ d{ eatnhm ba) eq} }n agkc cd{

n|h( ]ca fngb piql{ |nuàm luag} fnu ba(

]ca ugka {}gu}{ g} ;:;? nh [g}qumgt ghm uqh{ qh}di) tnqlqa{{am d}) ;:;? nh [qhmgt( Genq} gh cnqu eafnua }ca ugka

{}gu}am) Jdb pndh}am nq} }cg} nqu pg{{a{ dhkiqmam gkka{{ }n

en}c _d} un| ghm }ca Lgugla guag( Gf}au D {kuagbam idà g in}"

}aut |dhhau #ghm Jdb }aiidhl ba D uagiit haamam }n la} nq} bnua$)

|a cagmam }n|gum }ca pd}{( Ghtnha |cn inva{ cdlc paufnubghka

{pnu}{ kgu{ |dii knh{dmau pg{{dhl }cunqlc {akqud}t dh}n }ca pd}

guag }gh}gbnqh} }n gkcdavdhl Hduvghg( ]cd{ |g{ {audnq{it knni(

\g}kcdhl }ca }agb{ puap }cadu kgu{) {aadhl }ca gbgzdhl guugt

nf knbpq}audzam bnhd}nudhl awqdpbah}) |gi`dhl }ca }ugk` mqudhl

{}gldhl) ghm eadhl }nim }n la} }ca caii nq} nf }ca |gt et g fa|

kua| kcdaf{ |g{ nha nf }ca cdlcidlc}{ nf }ca |aaàhm( _un"}dp

+;: Tnq kgh pqukcg{a }dkà}{ }cg} |dii giin| gkka{{ }n }ca pd}

ghm lgugla guag{( Eqt }cab( D cgva hn dmag cn| bqkc }cat gua(Eqt }cab ght|gt(

Et }ca |gt) tnq `hn| }cg} gbgzdhl Mgt}nhg lughm{}ghm

tnq {aa nh ]V> D}—{ abp}t( Bgtea g fa| cqhmuam panpia }n}gi {d}

dh }ca lughm{}ghm( Gii"gkka{{ pg{{a{ dhkiqma gkka{{ }n avaut"

|caua askap} }ca lughm{}ghm( Mnh—} g{` ba |ct( D}—{ `dhm nf

{quuagi }n ea dh }ca bdmmia nf }cd{ bg{{ nf cqbghd}t nhit }n inn`

qp g} }ca lughm{}ghm ghm {aa d} abp}t( ]ca dhfdaim d{ g mdffauah}

{}nut( D} d{ pgkàm |d}c panpia) kgu{) kgbpau{) UV{) }ah}{) pnu"

}geia }ndia}{) gbq{abah} pgu`{) {cnppdhl) eiagkcau{) vahmnu{)

}agb }ugdiau{) g 56 gkua igà) ghm g cqla {}gla fnu @gugn a(

D—b hn} `dmmdhl( D}—{ idà {nba avah} pighhau |g{ }cdh`dhl ’\a—va

pighham }cd{ cqla avah}) eq} d} jq{} {aab{ idà {nba}cdhl d{bd{{dhl( @GUGN@A''‒

G} gunqhm ;:?? _B }cat kiagu }ca }ugk` ghm }ca luaah

figl fida{( Gf}au |g}kcdhl }ca pgk` }agu dh}n }quh nha) tnq |dii

}cah {qmmahit fgka g {}gu` uagidzg}dnh: Tnq cgva {dlham qp fnu

|g}kcdhl kgu{ ln gunqhm g }ugk` fnu 5= cnqu{( Ghm tnq |dii

gi{n gibn{} kau}gdhit mn |cg} D mdm: Npah }ca eun|{au nh tnqu

pcnha ghm ua{auva g cn}ai unnb hagu }ca }ugk`( _un"}dp +=: Ua"

{auva g unnb g} g inkgi cn}ai( ]cat gua kcagp ghm piah}dfqi( Ta{)

tnq knqim kgbp nq} dh }ca dhfdaim uafqlaa kgbp( Ta{) g} ;:?? dh

}ca gf}auhnnh d} inn`{ `dhmg fqh( Kgbpfdua{' ]ah}{' Ung{}dhl cn}

mnl{ nh }ca fdua' Kgu{ ugkdhl g fa| tgum{ g|gt funb tnqu cagm

|cdia }utdhl }n {iaap' ]uq{} ba) g} 7:?? GB {iaapdhl nq}{dma

{qmmahit {aab{ idà g uagiit egm dmag( La} }ca unnb qhia{{ tnq

gua 5= tagu{ nim ghm }cdh` }cg} eadhl {baiit) mdu}t) ghm muqh` d{g luag} |gt }n baa} |nbah( Nf knqu{a) }ca |nbah |dii idàit ea

g{ {baiit) mdu}t) ghm muqh` g{ tnq {n d} bdlc} ea g bg}kc bgma

dh cagvah(

_un"}dp +1: Ag} udlc} eafnua tnq ln dh}n }ca dhfdaim) ghm

eudhl {nba ahault egu{( ]ca gvgdigeia fnnm d{ hn} pgu}dkqiguit

luag}) gi}cnqlc d} d{ fgduit pudkam( D}—{ gi{n fgduit amdeia( D—b gibn{}

kau}gdh g cgbequlau pg}}t d{ hn} {qppn{am }n cgva fqu ghm D cgm

}unqeia la}}dhl bt }cdum nha mn|h(

]ca ua{} nf }ca mgt |g{ g eiqu) |g}kcdhl }ca ugka) |gi`"

dhl) ua{}dhl) pd} {}np{) |d}ha{{dhl |uakàm kgu{ la} uaeqdi} dh g

bg}}au nf bdhq}a{) la}}dhl taiiam g} et kua| kcdaf{ fnu eadhl }nn

kin{a) gbq{abah} pgu` udma{) {cnppdhl dh }ca {nqvahdu bgii){bn`dhl kdlgu{) ghm mudh`dhl eaau) #|cdkc |nqim aspigdh |ct av"

aut}cdhl |g{ g eiqu$( _nu{kca H(G( cgm g uagiit hdka inn`dhl ng{d{

{a} qp |d}c lnquba} fnnm) mudh`) iqsqut uakidhau{) ghm edl {kuaah

}aiavd{dnh{ }n |g}kc }ca ugka( D `hn| }cd{ eakgq{a |a |aua geia

}n {hag` dh fnu genq} g bdiid{aknhm eafnua g enn}c bnmai kcg{am

q{ nq} eakgq{a |a |auah—} ’babeau{‒( D—b hn} {qua |cg}

d} }nn` }n ea g babeau) eq} kiaguit Jdb ghm D mdm hn} wqgidft(

Iqk`dit) _KG gi{n cgm g }ah} {a} qp |d}c {hgk`{) {nf} mudh`{ ghm

|g}au) fnimdhl kcgdu{) g ]V }n |g}kc }ca ugka) ghm uagiit fudahmit

panpia luaa}dhl faiin| _KG babeau{( Bt `dhm nf fni`{(

Mgvdm }aii{ ba D cgva }n |ugp }cd{ qp( [n((( et 7:?? GB)

#genq} }ca }dba Kia}q{ |g{ eai}dhl nq} [|aa} Cnba Gigegbg$)

Jdb ghm D makdmam |a cgm uagkcam bgsdbqb U5=GM aspn{qua

ghm makdmam d} |g{ }dba }n cagm }n }ca cn}ai( \a kug{cam)

|nà qp gunqhm 6:?? GB) g}a euag`fg{} g} }ca \gffia Cnq{a)

ghm |ah} egk` }n }ca }ugk`( [nba lqt dh g EB\ |nh }ca M_

#Mgt}nhg _un}n}tpa kig{{$) ]UL Bn}nu{pnu}{ |nh }ca L] kig{{

dh g 44< L];) {nba gk}nu kgba dh }cdum mudvdhl gh Bgzmg US3)

ghm avautnha |ah} kugzt eakgq{a ca |g{ nh {nba ]V {cn|

genq} {dk` panpia( Jdb ghm D cdlc"fdvam eakgq{a d} {aabam idà

}ca }cdhl }n mn) ln} egk` dh nqu kgu) ghm cagmam }n }ca gdupnu}(

En}}nb idha: Df tnq uagiit |gh} }n {aa g{ bqkc nf }ca ugka g{

pn{{deia) {}gt cnba ghm |g}kc d} nh ]V #nu fdlqua nq} }ca {akua}

cghm{cgà {n tnq kgh la} dh }ca _nu{kca H(G( }ah}$( Df tnq |gh}

}n |g}kc gii `dhm{ nf hq}}t panpia) mudh` in}{ nf eaau) ag} qhuak"nlhdzgeia fnnm) {qffau funb {iaap mapudvg}dnh) ghm cgva }ca }dba

nf tnqu idfa }cah mnh—} bd{{ }cd{ avah}( D}—{ g eig{}(

Jq{} |g}kc nq} fnu }ca kua| kcdaf{( ]cn{a lqt{ gua

luqbpt(

" ]db



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?777?

Babeau{cdpEt Mnql _dauka) @KU_KG Babeau{cdp Kcgdu & Znha 7? Uap

GHHDVAU[GUDA[”BGT 5?77

]db BkHaguhat ;=Unhgim Eguìat 53Fugh` & Vaug ]udkgbn 56Kcud{ \giit 55Bgu` [kcbdm} 5?Eudgh Lgt 76Ia{ida & [cduiat Bdiiau 7;[}a|gu} & Maeeda Btau{ 7;Une & Jahhdfau Cgu{c 75Ugipc & Ighd Idlc} 75Iguut & [cauudii Cdieau} 75

Udkcgum & Jgh _dau{nh 77Bgu` & Mnhhg Deah}cgi 77Bdkcgai & Ghh \tg}} 4[}ava Jnha{ 4Fuam & Vauhg Eakàu{ 4Bgu}t & ]auud [giigz 4Kcud{}npcau & Fgdha Bahma 4Uneau} & Kgunith Gm`dh{ 3Bdkcgai Bnh}glqa 3Uq{{aii Fuahkc <Ghàu & Jahhdfau Cahhdhl{ah 6Kcud{}npcau Eigzau 1Kugdl & Kg}caudha Iq}z 1Jaffua & Kgunith Cabeuaa =

[}avah _nhm =[kn}} Udll{ ;Jgba{ Eg}}ia 5 Tva}}a & Udkcgum Lugebadau 7

GHHDVAU[GUDA[”JQHA 5?77

Bdà & Bgu}t Amah ;4Jgba{ & [q{gh Lnqim ;=Jgha Uct{ 54Bgu` & [caiit Jnquhat 53Mgvdm & Jnt @uda}abatau 5=Jgba{ & Ucnhmg Egueau 5;Uq{{aii Fnuua{} 5?Jn{apc & Bgudghha Ahha}} 74In|aii Cn}}bgh 74Fintm & Idhmg [kn}} 73Udkcgum Unkcg 73

Fughìdh Knidh 71Eutgh Liag{nh 7;Ene & Jnmd Mdh`dh{ 7;Mnh & \ahmt Gubgkn{} 75Hagi & Jqida Idh}akqb 75Edii & Un{abgut Kq}uau 77Inqd{a & Mahhd{ Bgu}ah 77]cnbg{ [dbbnh{ 7?Aqlaha Maffahegqlc 7?[kn}} @aiit 4Gmgb & [gugc [ad}z 4Audk & ]ugkda En|ia{ 3Ggunh Uqeah`dhl 3Jgkwqaidha Haqhzdl 3

Gmgb Enim <Mgh & [cauut Bqudiin 6_g}udk` & Jgbda _udeti 1Unhgim ]dppda 1[kn}} Inva 1Magh Ug{mgii 1Lanula _fgq =Bgu` [}ugq{{ =[agh & [}apcghda [bd}c =Igquah} Vghha{} =Bdkcgai @d{iau ;Jaff \nnm ;Mghdai & Bnulgh Lanulda ;Jdb \adu ;

Mnh Udkcgum{ 5Gigh & @g}ciaah Kud}kciat 5[}ava @du{kc 5Jnula _gugmain 7Ktudi & Baid{{g \ai}au 7]db & @guah Kguidh 7Mgva Kguudàu 7Eauhgum Iavd 7_gla} Giva{ 7

HA\ BABEAU[

BGUKC 5?77 G_UDI 5?77Bqlqu & Ghkg Laghg[cg|haa) @[ 66576[divau 5??5 Ens{}au

@auut Ig|dhl

Ugtbnua) BN 6=?3;[divau 5??= 477

Bdkcgai Kgbpeaii@gh{g{ Kd}t) BN 6=777Eigk` 5??? Ens{}au

]ndvn Lidmmah

@gh{g{ Kd}t) BN 6=777Lugt 7434 477

Utgh BkWqagutIag|nnm) @[ 6655=\cd}a 5?77 477

Eudgh _dauktIaa—{ [qbbd}) BN 6=?6=[divau 5??5 446



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 77

Kcgp}au Nha: Nvau }ca ig{} fdva tagu{ }|n knbpa}dhl

ugkdhl {auda{ cgva avnivam) en}c dhvnivdhl ahmqughka ugkdhl fnu

’kugp kgh‒ kgu{( Kcqbp Kgu ghm IaBnh{ uqh avah}{ gkun{{ }ca

knqh}ut) dh g 5="cnqu) 76"cnqu nu ’}|dh <‒ cnqu fnubg}( En}c

uawqdua fqii {gfa}t lagu #unii kgla{) 6 pndh} eai}{) mudvdhl {qd}{)

Hnbas$ d{ q}didzam ghm kau}gdh d}ab{ gua ’fuaa‒ funb gh gmm"nh

{gfa}t {}ghmpndh}(

Ig{} {qbbau Udkcgum Eahha}} ghm D |aua lqa{} mudvau{

#}cg} bagh{ |a ln} }n |ud}a g kcak`$ nh g Kcqbp Kgu }agb pq}

}nla}cau et _KG ugkau{ Unh Ianhgum ghm Jaff @hdlc}( ]ca uqia{

{pakdft }cg} }ca kgu) |d}cnq} |caai{ nu {gfa}t lagu) ea |nu}c

hn bnua }cgh -1?? nh }ca npah bguà} ghm }ca Fdha [gq{gla

Ugkdhl 4== ba} }cg} kud}audnh( \a |aua g} Cgiia}}) Nìgcnbg

ghm nqu }uq{}t 4== fdhd{cam nvau 7)1?? igp{ ghm gii 5= cnqu{(

[n dh{pduam) }caua |g{ ah}cq{dg{b }n pq} nqu n|h Kcqbp

Kgu }agb }nla}cau) {n Udkcgum ghm D |aua jndham et Jnch Kigu`)

Gi Ca{{ ghm Ene \gtbgh ghm fnubam }ca ’Kgu 1= \caua Gua

Tnq>‒ }cabam gii _KG }agb fnu fnqu ugka{ }cd{ tagu( ]cd{ gu}dkia

|dii knvau kcgp}au 7) Ungm Gbaudkg( Jnch Kigu` fnqhm }ca 4==)

g 7431 }cg} {aabam fgduit {nidm( ]caua |aua g fa| ’ea}}au‒

pgu}{ nh }ca kgu }cg} |aua uabnvam ghm {nim }n àap nqu vgiqa

in| eakgq{a dh Kcqbp Kgu d} d{ hn} tnqu ha} dhva{}bah} }cg}

knqh}{ eq} ug}cau tnqu ’dh }ca funh} tgum |d}c g fnu {gia {dlh‒ vgiqa }cg} knqh}{( ]ca 4== d{ nh g |guhdhl id{} }n ealdh |d}c ghm

hn} |gh}dhl pahgi}t igp{ |a haamam }n ea {qua |a ba} kugp kgh

kud}audg( ]n ea {qua |a makdmam }cg} }ca knp kgu }caba |nqim

ea gkknbpid{cam |d}c }ugmd}dnhgi eigk` ghm |cd}a gppagughka

{n nha mgt dh Faeuqgut |a ba} g} Jnch—{ {cnp |d}c }|n lgiinh{

nf ahgbai pnukc #hn }tpn$ pgdh}) uniiau{ ghm euq{ca{) ghm |d}c

bdhdbgi bg{`dhl |a gkknbpid{cam }ca inn` |a |aua gf}au dh

genq} gh cnqu(

\a gua }ah mgt{ funb mapgu}qua }n Ungm Gbaudkg g{ D

|ud}a }cd{( \a cgva {nba |nu` }n mn ta} nh }ca kgu eq} |a—ii

ea fdha( ]ca bgjnu knhkauh d{ }cg} }ca idva ’]n|au Kgb‒ funb

Ai`cgu} Igà.Ungm Gbaudkg {cn|{ }ca funh} {}ugdlc} ghmpgmmnk` guag knbpia}ait knvauam |d}c g vduldh igtau nf {hn|

gppagudhl wqd}a }cdk` {}dii( ]tpdkgi }abpaug}qua{ dh }ca guag

gua genq} 1? maluaa{ fnu g cdlc dh ig}a Bgukc) uaknum{ eadhl

"1¿ghm <3¿( \d}c hn cag}au nu lig{{ dh }ca kgu n}cau }cgh g

|dhm{cdaim) |a gua cnpdhl fnu }ca ig}}au(

Bgukc 5?}c) fdva mgt{ eafnua mapgu}qua( Funb }ca idbd}am

kgbaug {cn} d} kau}gdhit gppagu{ }cg} gii }ca {hn| cg{ bai}am

g} }ca }ugk`( ]ca }ah mgt fnuakg{} {cn|{ kiagu {`da{ ghm }ab"

Kcqbp Kgu Kcunhdkia{Kcud{ BkDh}tua) Kiqe Ugkdhl & MA Amd}nu

paug}qua{ dh }ca ;?{ has} |aaàhm( Nqu cnpa d{ }cd{ d{ {idlc}it

pa{{dbd{}dk(

\a fdhd{cam |nu` nh }ca kgu ta{}aumgt( Dh{}giidhl }ca

dh{}uqbah} kiq{}au) {paamnba}au mudva ghm gh gidlhbah} |aua

}ca }g{`{ g} cghm( Faiin| _KG—au Bgu` [cau|nnm {qkka{{fqiit

dh{}giiam }ca gq}cah}dk ’Kgu 1=‒ lugpcdk{ ma{pd}a knbpigdh}{genq} nqu pgdh} wqgid}t ghm hn| |a |gd} fnu g ]cqu{mgt hdlc}

mapgu}qua(

Bgukc 5;um " Fnuakg{} d{ |nu{a et }ca mgt( D} d{ {hn|dhl

g{ D |ud}a }cd{ ghm }ca cdlc{ }cunqlc }ca |aaàhm gua eain|

fuaazdhl( Kcqbp Kgu cg{ jq{} ghhnqhkam }cg} }cat—va pq{cam

}ca ugka egk` g |aa`( Egm ha|{ fnu q{ g{ }|n nf nqu babeau{

kgh—} ln }cg} |aaàhm ghm nqu cnpa fnu }ca bgdmah vntgla #jq{}

dh kg{a }ca bgdmah vntgla pgugiiaiam }cg} nf }ca ]d}ghdk$ |g{

}cg} avautnha ea }caua( \a }ntam |d}c }ca lqa{} mudvau knhkap}

eq} dh }ca ahm |a gua lndhl }n |gd} fnu }ca 5= cnqu ugka g} }ca

Dn|g [paam|gt dh ig}a Gpudi( \a qhmau{}ghm }ca avah} d{ {nim

nq} ghm Kcqbp kgu cg{ kuamd}am nqu UG faa{ {n |a gua md{gp"

pndh}am eq} qhmgqh}am |d}c nhit g knqpia nf |aa`{ iaf} }n pq}

}ca fdhd{cdhl }nqkca{ nh }ca Kiqe Ugka(

" Kcud{

Amd}nu—{ Hn}a: Cn| |dii ’Kgu 1= \caua Gua Tnq>‒ fgua

dh Dn|g> Kcak` nq} }ca has} d{{qa nf Mau [pnu}|glah fnu }ca

knh}dhqdhl {glg nf }ca Kcqbp Kgu Kcunhdkia{(

Hgba }gl{ ” -7?(??

[pakdft {gfa}t pdh) mnqeia bglha} nu {pudhl kidp kg}kc( Knh}gk}

Ene Lnqim g} 47;"34<"?771 nu ulnqimOagu}cidh`(ha}(



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?7775

[n tnq |gh} }n |nu` nh tnqu n|h kgu…

[}gu} |d}c {gfa}t' ]cd{ d{ hn mnqe} }ca {aknhm iag{} ligb"

nunq{ pgu} nf |nu`dhl nh kgu{) #}ca fdu{} eadhl magidhl |d}c KV

luag{a) ghm df tnq—va avau ln}}ah d} dh tnqu cgdu) tnq `hn| |cg} D

bagh$) eq} d}—{ et fgu ghm g|gt }ca bn{} dbpnu}gh}( Hn bg}}au

|cg} tnqu uag{nh fnu }quhdhl tnqu n|h |uahkca{) |ca}cau d}—{

fnu fqh nu }n {gva bnhat) hn} fniin|dhl {nba eg{dk uqia{ |dii ua"

{qi} dh tnq mndhl had}cau( ]ca pqupn{a nf }cd{ gu}dkia d{ }n {auva

g{ g fudahmit uabdhmau }n }cn{a nf q{ }cg} cgva eaah |uahkcdhl

fnu g |cdia ghm g lqdmaidha fnu }ca fni`{ }cg} gua jq{} la}}dhl dh}n

d}( [gfa}t ghm fuq{}ug}dnh q{qgiit nkkqu dh dhvau{a punpnu}dnh{

|cah |uahkcdhl) {n la}}dhl }ca udlc} bdhm{a} funb }ca {}gu} |dii

ln g inhl |gt }n|gum{ kuag}dhl g lnnm |nu` ahvdunhbah} ghm

|dii ea g knh}udeq}dhl fgk}nu dh cn| {qkka{{fqi tnqu punjak}{ gua(

+7: ]caua d{ HN {qe{}d}q}a fnu ’knbbnh {ah{a‒

Avautnha cg{ {aah piah}t nf ’cat) t—gii) |g}kc }cd{'‒ apd"

{nma{ nh Tnq]qea nu ]V) |caua d} d{ nevdnq{ }n avautnha eq} }ca

pgu}dkdpgh} }cg} }ca nq}knba d{ idàit }n ea fniin|am et g }udp }n

}ca AU) udlc}> \aii) mnh—} ea }cg} lqt.lgi( \nu`dhl nh tnqu kgu

kgh ea vaut {g}d{ftdhl ghm kn{}"{gvdhl) eq} d} d{ gi{n pn}ah}dgiit

vaut mghlaunq{( ]caua gua piah}t nf {}nuda{ nf cnba bakcgh"

dk{ |nu`dhl qhmau kgu{ }cg} gua hn} {qppnu}am et punpau jgk` {}ghm{) q{dhl punpgha }nukca{ nu {bn`dhl hagu npah fqai idha{)

q{dhl g {kua|mudvau g{ g kcd{ai) }ca id{} d{ ahmia{{) eq} }ca knb"

bnh mahnbdhg}nu d{ g igk` nf lnnm jqmlbah} ghm hn} }g`dhl

}dba }n }cdh` genq} }ca knh{awqahka{ nf |cg} }cat |aua mndhl(

]ca fdu{} uqia nf }cqbe d{ }cg} df tnq gua wqa{}dnhdhl |ca}cau

{nba}cdhl d{ g lnnm dmag) d}{ bn{} idàit d{h—}) {n mnh—} mn d}( ]ca

{gba eg{dk pudhkdpia }cg} gppida{ }n mudvdhl tnqu kgu gi{n gppida{

}n |uahkcdhl: mnh—} mn d} qhia{{ tnq @HN\ tnq kgh mn d} {gfait(

+5: ]ca eqmmt {t{}ab

Df pn{{deia) gvndm |nu`dhl ginha) pgu}dkqiguit df tnq gua

mndhl ght}cdhl }cg} dhvniva{ ugd{dhl g kgu dh }ca gdu) |nu`dhl

gunqhm fqai nu bnvdhl cagvt pgu}{( Avah }ca ag{da{} }g{`{ cgva }ca pn}ah}dgi fnu }unqeia) g{` ghtnha |d}c aspaudahka |nu`dhl nh

gq}nbnedia{( Cgvdhl g fudahm caip nq} gkknbpid{ca{ g hqbeau

nf }cdhl{ }cg} kgh knh}udeq}a }n {gfa |nu`dhl ahvdunhbah}( Fdu{}

ghm fnuabn{}) |cah d} knba{ }n |nu`dhl nh kgu{) }|n cagm{ ua"

giit gua ea}}au }cgh nha( Cgvdhl g {aknhm {a} nf ata{) }cg} }cdum

cghm nu {nbanha }n jq{} enqhka dmag{ nff nf kgh ea }cg} id}}ia as"

}ug }cg} bgà{ }ca mdffauahka ea}|aah g {qkka{{fqi punjak} ghm

g fuq{}ug}dhl nha( D} gi{n luag}it ahcghka{ }ca {gfa}t fgk}nu) g{

}caua |dii ea {nbanha }n WK tnqu dmag{) {}np tnq funb mndhl

Ln Fnu}c ghm \uahkc[kn}} Cguud{nh) @KU_KG Babeau

{nba}cdhl {}qpdm nu dh vaut |nu{} kg{a {kahgudn) mdgi 477 nu

uqh fnu caip( Gh gmmam eahafd} d{ }cg} nha nf }ca bn{} {g}d{ftdhl

}cdhl{ D cgva md{knvauam funb |uahkcdhl nh kgu{ d{ }ca kgbgug

mauda }cg} tnq mavainp |cah tnq dhvd}a {nba fudahm{ }n caip nq}(

+;: Lg}cau dhfnubg}dnh ghm pigh tnqu gk}dvd}da{

Df tnq guah—} g punfa{{dnhgi bakcghdk) tnq gua hn} idàit

}n ea dh}dbg}ait fgbdidgu |d}c }ca |nu tnq gua genq} }n qhmau"

}gà( \d}c }ca gmvah} nf }ca dh}auha}) gkka{{ }n dhfnubg}dnh nf

gii }tpa{ d{ uabgu`geit ag{t) {n {pahm g ed} nf }dba nh Lnnlia)

|ae fnuqb{ {qkc g{ Uahhid{} #fnuqb{(uahhid{}(knb$ nu @K

\uahkcdhl [nkda}t #`k|{(nul$ ghm la} fgbdidgu ahnqlc |d}c }ca

pgu}dkqigu{ nf }ca jne }cg} tnq gua pighhdhl( Vaut nf}ah) tnq kgh

fdhm {}ap"et"{}ap dh{}uqk}dnh{) knbpia}a |d}c pgu} hqbeau{ ghm

}dba {gvdhl }dp{ }cg} |dii dhkuag{a tnqu {qkka{{ ug}a ghm uamqka

tnqu fuq{}ug}dnh( Ig{}it) la}}dhl }ca dhfnubg}dnh gcagm nf }dba

|dii uamqka md{}ugk}dnh{ ghm {qupud{a{ g{ tnq la} dh}n }ca gk}qgi|uahkcdhl) |cdkc |dii dh }quh caip àap tnq {gfa(

Nha kgvag}: ]caua gua gh ahmia{{ hqbeau nf {aif"pun"

kigdbam aspau}{ nh }ca dh}auha}) {n wqgidft tnqu {nquka{( \ae

fnuqb{ gua {nba|cg} hn}nudnq{ fnu bd{}g`dhl ’wqgid}t nf dhfnu"

bg}dnh‒ |d}c ’wqgh}d}t nf dhfnubg}dnh‒) {n g pau{nh—{ pn{} knqh}

d{h—} haka{{gudit g lnnm dhmdkg}nu nf }cadu uagi aspaudahka( @aap

}cg} dh bdhm |cah la}}dhl dhfnubg}dnh) ghm GI\GT[ bgà {qua

}cg} |ae fnuqb {qlla{}dnh{ gua vgidmg}am) ad}cau et g {nquka

}cg} tnq gua pn{d}dva d{ lnnm) nu et va}}dhl }cunqlc n}cau {agukc



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 7;

a{ ghm bg`dhl {qua |cg} tnq gua uagmdhl d{ eg{am nh pau{nhgi

aspaudahka) ug}cau }cgh ’D cagum funb g eqmmt |cn{a {d{}au—{

fg}cau"dh"ig| {gdm…‒

Nhka tnq cgva lg}cauam tnqu dhfnubg}dnh) bgà {qua

tnq la} tnqu pgu}{) }nni{ ghm {qppida{ idham qp ghm }cah bgà

kcakìd{} nf }g{`{ dh }ca numau }cg} tnq |gh} }n gkknbpid{c }cab( ]cd{ glgdh |dii caip tnq gvndm {qupud{a{ ghm àap tnq

fnkq{am nh }ca jne(

+=: Mua{{ gppunpudg}ait ghm q{a punpau {gfa}t lagu

[ghmgi{) ja|aiut) kdlgua}}a{ ghm qhua{}ugdham inhl cgdu

cgva hn pigka dh }ca lgugla( Mndhl |cg} tnq kgh }n bdhdbdza

hnh"a{{ah}dgi d}ab{ nh tnqu pau{nh |dii bgà tnq en}c knbfnu}"

geia ghm {gfau( \cdia }cat bdlc} hn} ea }ca bn{} {}tid{c }cdhl

tnq kgh |agu) g eg{dk {a} nf knvau"gii—{ |nu` pua}}t |aii dh }ca

lgugla g{ }cat cgva g in} nf pnkà}{ ghm tnq gua ia{{ idgeia

}n bdhm df }cat la} luag{t nu }nuh( ]cat gi{n giin| tnq }n {idp

}cab nff df tnq haam }n la} dh{dma tnqu kgu mqudhl }ca |uahkcdhl

{a{{dnh #luag{a dh{dma g _nu{kca> Nc) }ca cnuunu'$ Nf knqu{a)df tnqu fudahm cg{ g kgbaug ghm idà{ }n pn{} pdk}qua{ nh }ca dh"

}auha}) tnq bdlc} la} {nba udeedhl fnu tnqu fg{cdnh {ah{a funb

tnqu fudahm{ #}cgh`{) @gui'$(

Idà|d{a) punpau {gfa}t lagu d{ kud}dkgi( Avau la} {nba"

}cdhl dh tnqu ata> Cqu}{) mna{h—} d}> Fitdhl maeud{ {aab{ }n

ea g knh{}gh} knbpghdnh nf |uahkcdhl) funb mdu} fgiidhl nff }ca

kgu |cdia tnq gua itdhl nh tnqu egk` qhmau d}) pgu}dkia{ fitdhl

|cdia q{dhl g ludhmau) kcabdkgi {pugt.{pig{c egk` funb vgud"

nq{ idwqdm{ }cg} la} q{am) a}k( _un}ak}dhl tnqu ata{ |d}c {gfa}t

lig{{a{ nu lnllia{ d{ ag{t }n mn ghm df tnq la} dh }ca cged} nf

mndhl d} |cah tnq fdu{} {}gu} |uahkcdhl) d} |dii {}gt |d}c tnq( G{

gh gmmam enhq{) fnu {nba nf q{ nimau |uahkcau{ }cg} kgh—}{aa wqd}a g{ lnnm g{ |a q{am }n) }cat bgà {gfa}t lig{{a{ |d}c

edfnkgi bglhdftdhl iah{a{ }cg} gua dhvgiqgeia( Df tnq q{a uagm"

dhl lig{{a{) }uq{} ba) nhka tnq }ut g {a} nf }cn{a lnllia{) tnq—ii

havau |uahkc |d}cnq} }cab(

Linva{ gua ghn}cau bq{} cgva) funb g {gfa}t pau{pak}dva)

g{ }cat {auva g mqgi pqupn{a( Fdu{}) }cat |dii nevdnq{it pun}ak}

tnqu cghm{ funb }ca {cgup amla{ }cg} gi|gt{ gkknbpght

|uahkcdhl nh g vacdkia( [aknhmit) }cat àap tnqu cghm{ kiagh)

|cdkc cg{ gii {nu}{ nf eahafd}{) funb àapdhl tnq funb la}}dhl

}ca dh{dma nf tnqu _nu{kca luag{t }n caipdhl bgdh}gdh g ea}}au

ludp nh tnqu }nni{.pgu}{ |cdia |nu`dhl(

+1 @aap g kiagh) |aii id} ghm vah}dig}am |nu` guagKiq}}auam |nu` eahkca{ ghm lgugla{) |cdia {nba}dba{

dhavd}geia) mnh—} bgà fnu g luag} |nu` ahvdunhbah}( ]ca bnua

nulghdzam tnqu }nni{) pgu}{ ghm |nu` guag gua) }ca ia{{ fuq{}ug"

}dnh tnq |dii cgva ghm }ca {gfau tnq |dii ea( [gba }cdhl gppida{

}n bg`dhl tnq {qua tnq cgva gh geqhmghka nf fua{c gdu ghm idlc}

dh }ca lgugla) g{ }ca hnsdnq{ fqba{ }cg} kgh knba funb g kgu

ghm }ca kcabdkgi{ q{am dh }cab ea kgh nvau"pn|audhl( [pahm"

#Knh}dhqam nh pgla 7=$

_iag{a [qppnu} nqu 1?}c

Ghhdvau{gut Lgig [pnh{nu{:

_UABDAU [_NH[NU:

Gud{}nkug} Bn}nu{47;"6<<";;??

LNIM [_NH[NU[:

Ene Cdhm{nh Ugkdhl376"167"6661

Avaighm Eun{( Kniid{dnh Uapgdu47;"565"6?1?

[DIVAU [_NH[NU[:

Bgut Ithh Kigu`) Uaa{a & Hdkcni{ Uagi}nu{47;"615"==7=

_g}udk` Kgu}au) Fgubau{ Dh{qughka47;"5=3"3367

In|aii Cguma{}t) [}g}a Fgub Dh{qughka47;";=7"<=??

EUNHZA [_NH[NU[:

Une ghm Knhhda \gimunp

_dauka Gukcd}ak}{47;"34<"1===

Uqia \au`{ Gq}n Ma}gdidhl376";?3";7?1

]ca Knbpia}a Lgugla47;";55"47<1

Jahhdfau ]abpidh) Uaaka & Hdkcni{ Uagi}nu{47;"566"114;

[geg}dhd Gukcd}ak}{<31";;7";;44

Knupnug}a Knpt _udh}376"515"?=??



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?777=

dhl g id}}ia ed} nf affnu} gcagm nf }dba {a}}dhl qp tnqu |nu` guag

|dii bgà tnqu punjak}{ ln bqkc {bnn}cau( Tnq—ii cgva piah}t

nf fuq{}ug}dnh g{ d} d{ g{ qhaspak}am puneiab{ gua mafdhd}ait g

pgu} nf |uahkcdhl) {n mndhl |cg} tnq kgh }n aidbdhg}a qhhaka{"

{gut gllugvg}dnh |dii cgva g edllau dbpgk} }cg} tnq bdlc} dbgl"

dha #jq{} |gd} qh}di tnq {hgp g eni} nff dh gh dhgkka{{deia guag$(

\cdkc iagm{ ba }n }ca d}ab…

+6: Cgppt |uahkcau{ mn cgppt |nu`

]ca fni`{ }cg} ma{dlh _nu{kca{ gua hn} dmdn}{( Tnq bdlc}

cgva g cgum }dba knhvdhkdhl tnqu{aif nf }cg} |cah tnq gua `haa

maap dh pgu}{ |cdia tnq md{g{{abeia cgif nf g 4== }n la} }n }ca

kiq}kc) eq} uagiit) }cat guah—}( ]ca{a kgu{ cgva {nba |nuim

kig{{ ahldhaaudhl eacdhm }cab) ghm df }cat eqdi} d} g kau}gdh

|gt) }caua d{ q{qgiit g lnnm uag{nh fnu d}( \cah |nu`dhl nh g

_nu{kca) }ca àt }n {qkka{{ d{ }n pq} tnqu{aif dh}n }ca bdhm{a}

nf }ca ahldhaau{ }cg} eqdi} }ca kgu) ghm nhka tnq la} }caua)

tnq—ii ea gbgzam g} cn| ag{dit }cat kgh ea |nuàm nh( ]caua

d{ hn} g in} nf fnuka }cg} haam{ }n ea gppidam df tnq gua mndhl d}

’udlc}‒( \cah tnq }gà }ca punpau gppungkc }n g pgu}dkqigu

puneiab nh g _nu{kca) d} |dii q{qgiit ln }nla}cau {bnn}cit ghm

|d}cnq} bqkc fq{{( Df tnq fdhm tnqu{aif la}}dhl gllugvg}am ghm

{}gu}dhl }n inn` fnu }cg} edllau cgbbau |cah md{g{{abeidhl

nu uag{{abeidhl tnqu _nu{kca) }cah d}{ }dba }n {}ap g|gt funb

}ca kgu fnu g bdhq}a ghm ualgdh tnqu pau{pak}dva( ]cg}—{ |cg} D

bagh |cah D {gt ’cgppt |uahkcau{ mn cgppt |nu`‒( Df tnq gua

{}gu}dhl g |uahkcdhl {a{{dnh dh g luqbpt bnnm) tnqu |nu` d{

bn{} idàit lndhl }n uafiak} tnqu bnnm) ghm }cd{ |dii cgva g mduak}

eagudhl nh tnqu {gfa}t) g{ tnq |dii {}gu} }g`dhl {cnu}"kq}{ nu igk`

}ca nejak}dvd}t tnq haam }n avgiqg}a }ca pn}ah}dgi ud{`{( D} gi{n

bgà{ d} g cak` nf g in} ia{{ fqh(Nha nf }ca uagi kcgiiahla{ nf eqtdhl q{am) nimau _nu{kca{)

d{ }cg} g IN] nf bakcghdk{ ad}cau }gà {cnu} kq}{ nu jq{} pigdh

mnh—} `hn| |cg} }cat gua mndhl |cah }cat |nu` nh }ca kgu{)

ghm g{ g ua{qi}) |dhm qp fnukdhl pgu}{ }nla}cau dhknuuak}it |d}c

egm ua{qi}{ }cg} tnq |dii qhknvau |cdia tnq gua |nu`dhl nh }ca

kgu( Kg{a dh pndh}) |a |aua mndhl g kiq}kc uapigkabah} nh

bt fudahm—{ 4== [5 kgeudnia} hn} inhl gln) ghm cgm g *}au"

udeia* }dba |d}c nha nf }ca eni}{ }cg} cnim }ca {cgf} knqpiau dh

pigka dh{dma }ca laguens eaii cnq{dhl( @gui) fnu}qhg}ait) cgm

}ca pg}dahka ghm {`dii }n fdhgiit la} }ca eni} }n uaiag{a #|cdkc

d{ g vaut lnnm }cdhl) g{ }ca eni} dh wqa{}dnh |nqim ea gibn{}

dbpn{{deia }n gkka{{ df d} haamam }n ea mudiiam nq} nu as}ugk}am$(

Qpnh dh{pak}dhl d} gf}au d} cgm eaah uabnvam) d} |g{ nevdnq{

}cg} |cnavau cgm |nuàm nh d} ig{} cgm hn} idham d} qp |d}c }ca

hn}kc dh }ca dhpq} {cgf} }cg} |nqim cgva giin|am d} }n ln dh ag{dit)

ghm }cah cgm mudvah d} dh q{dhl gh dbpgk} |uahkc( Cgm {gdm

’bakcghdk‒ }gàh }ca }ah as}ug {aknhm{ # D bagh }cg} id}augiit$

d} |nqim cgva }gàh }n bgà {qua d} |g{ punpauit idham qp g{ ma"

{dlham et _nu{kca) }cat |nqim cgva cgm g bqkc ag{dau }dba pq}"

}dhl }ca eni} egk` dh pigka ghm |a |nqim cgva {gvam gh cnqu—{

|nu}c nf }dba uabnvdhl }ca eni}(

#Knh}dhqam funb pgla 7;$+<: [gva }ca gikncni fnu gf}au }ca |uahkcdhl

Kugk`dhl npah g knim nha |cdia {pahmdhl g mgt dh }ca

lgugla) a{pakdgiit |d}c fudahm{) kgh ea vaut dhvd}dhl) eq} d}—{ g

egm dmag( Nha eaau kgh eaknba fnqu eafnua tnq uagidza d} df tnq

gua md{}ugk}am et fudahmit knhvau{g}dnh ghm }ca jnt{ nf |uahkc"

dhl( ’Eq} D mdmh—} faai eqzzam'‒ d{ lndhl }n {nqhm pua}}t {}qpdm }n tnqu {pnq{a) fudahm{) pnidka nffdkau{) mnk}nu{ ghm hqu{a{ nu tnqu

dh{qughka glah}) df TNQ mn {nba}cdhl {}qpdm |cdia |uahkcdhl

ghm equh tnqu lgugla mn|h) munp g kgu nf g fudahm) kq} tnqu{aif

}n }ca pndh} nf haamdhl {}d}kca{ nu euag` tnqu _nu{kca( Tnqu

_nu{kca d{ g cdlcit uafdham pdaka nf awqdpbah}) ldva d} }ca g}}ah"

}dnh ghm ua{pak} d} ma{auva{) ghm iagva }ca gikncnidk uafua{c"

bah}{ dh }ca knniau qh}di tnq gua mnha(

Dh knhkiq{dnh) }n }ca fni`{ }cg} gua dh}aua{}am dh aspaudahk"

dhl }ca jnt{ nf |nu`dhl nh tnqu n|h kgu eq} cgvah—} }gàh }ca

piqhla ta}) D {dhkauait cnpa tnq mn {n( ]caua d{ gh dbbah{a

iavai nf bakcghdkgi {`dii |d}cdh }ca @KU_KG) ghm in}{ nf fudahmit

fni`{ }cg} gua |diidhl }n {cgua }cadu `hn|iamla ghm inva nf_nu{kca{) {n piag{a }gà gmvgh}gla nf }cg} ua{nquka( \cdia d}

kgh ea dh}dbdmg}dhl) a{pakdgiit g} fdu{}) tnq |nqim ea gbgzam g}

|cg} tnq kgh gkknbpid{c df tnq unii qp tnqu {iaava{ ghm mdva dh'

Jq{} mn q{ gii g fgvnu ghm {}gt {gfa |cdia tnq mn d}(

Df tnq gua dh}aua{}am dh mndhl {nba |uahkcdhl ghm |gh} g

cghm dh la}}dhl {}gu}am) faai fuaa }n munp ba gh abgdi g} {kn}}O

eghlaunhidha(knb) D |dii ea cgppt }n caip tnq la} {}gu}am'

”[kn}

[aa ght}cdhl |unhl |d}c }cd{ pdk}qua> Hn}a: ]cd{ |g{ nha nf Jdb Enen|{`d—{ pdk}qua{ funb }ca Unias 5= g} Mgt}nhg eq} d}d{ jq{} g{ gppunpudg}a fnu [kn}}—{ gu}dkia }cg} {}gu}{ |d}c {gfa}t(

\gh} Bnua>

Mnh—} fnula} }caua—{ avah bnua nf }ca lnnm {}qff0 pdk}qua{)

wqn}a{) kig{{dfdam{) ghm qp"}n"mg}a dhfn nh fq}qua avah}{ nh nqu

|ae{d}a) #`kupkg(nul$(



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 71

Ghtnha |cn cg{ vd{d}am [gvghhgc `hn|{ }ca ’Nim ]n|h‒

pgu} nf mn|h}n|h) }ca udvaufunh} guag nf [gvghhgc) d{ uapia}a

|d}c cd{}nut( \gi`dhl nh kneeia{}nha {}uaa}{ ghm aspinudhl{}nuafunh}{ ghm {bgii ua{}gqugh}{ d{ g kgibdhl vnkg}dnh }n ea

{qua( Gk}qgiit }cat gua egiig{} {}nha {}uaa}{) g{ Ahlid{c {cdp{

|nqim iagva }cadu egiig{} {}nha{ dh ua}quh fnu Gbaudkgh bau"

kcghmd{a) }ag ghm kn}}nh0 eq} }cg} mna{h—} {nqhm g{ wqgdh}) mna{

d}> Nh }ca{a {}uaa}{ tnq kgh fdhm cghmbgma pugidha{) }ca inkgi

fgvnud}a nf endiam paghq}{ #}cdh` Jgpgha{a amgbgba$ ghm g{

bght nt{}au{ g{ tnq kgua }n ag}( Df tnq puafau) tnq kgh |gi` g

eink` nu {n }n }ca pgu` eahkc bgma fgbnq{ et ’Fnuua{} Lqbp)‒

ghm uakgii }cg} idfa d{ idà g ens nf kcnknig}a{( \cg} d{ uagiit

{qupud{dhl genq} [gvghhgc0 cn|avau) d{ }cd{ d{ jq{} }ca ealdhhdhl

nf gh aspinug}dnh }cg} bght cgva {pah} ah}dua idva{ abeugkdhl(

]n ea dh [gvghhgc d{ }n ea dh cd{}nut( Avaut|caua tnq }quh }caua d{ ghn}cau uabdhmau nf }cd{ pnu} kd}t—{ dhvnivabah} dh }ca

lun|}c nf Gbaudkg( Nha |ae{d}a) {gvghhgclg(ha}) id}augiit cg{

cqhmuam{ nf ma{}dhg}dnh{ hag}it nulghdzam gipcgea}dkgiit fnu

inmldhl) mdhdhl) }nqu{ ghm n}cau gk}dvd}da{( Lanuldg—{ fdu{} kd}t cg{

bqkc }n nffau) hn} }ca iag{} nf |cdkc d{ }cg} d} |dii ea {cguam |d}c

}cnq{ghm{ nf _nu{kca ah}cq{dg{}{ }ca fdu{} |aa` nf Gqlq{}( ]cd{

d{ nha nf }cn{a guag{ }cg} _nu{kca panpia |dii inva0 }ca [nq}c"

auh Cn{pd}gid}t }cg} d{ ialahmgut gii nvau }ca |nuim) }ca {bgii ghm

dh}dbg}a {a}}dhl{ |caua fudahm{ kgh ahjnt g kg{qgi avahdhl) ghm

}ca {bgii }n|h faai }cg} kgh iagm tnq nq} nf }ca kd}t }n knqh}ut

ungm{ dh g bg}}au nf bdhq}a{(

Inkg}dnh) inkg}dnh) inkg}dnh d{ }ca fnkq{ nf _gugma 5?77(

_gugma cagmwqgu}au{ d{ }ca Knhvah}dnh Kah}au |cdkc d{ inkg}am

nh pdk}qua{wqa Cq}kcdh{nh D{ighm( ]ca

vda| nf mn|h}n|h [gvghhgc gkun{{ }ca

udvau d{ qhfnula}}geia( ]ca Knhvah}dnh

Kah}au d{ {quunqhmam et _gugma gk}dvd}t

{d}a{( ]ca gq}nkun{{ |dii ea caim gmjgkah}

}n cagmwqgu}au{) g{ fnu }ca fdu{} }dba dh

uakah} babnut {qffdkdah} g{pcgi} asd{}{

fnu g lnnm {dza knqu{a |d}cdh |gi`dhl

md{}ghka' Eq} df tnq {}dii haam }n la} tnqu

}ugk` fds }ca inkgi ualdnh |dii cnim g Mudv"

au—{ Amqkg}dnh avah} g} haguet Unaeidhl

Ungm Ugka|gt }ca ig{} |aaàhm nf }ca_gugma( \d}c }ca Knhknqu{ avah} caim g}

mn|h}n|h—{ Fnu{t}c pgu` ghm }ca Ugiit

fag}qudhl invait inkgi ungm{) }ca bgdh g}"

}ugk}dnh{ nf }cd{ tagu—{ _gugma gua gii dh

}ca {gba hadlcenucnnm'

\cah tnq gua uagmt }n uaigs funb

}ca knbpa}d}dva avah}{) faai fuaa }n }gà

dh g Kguudgla Udma) Lcn{} ]nqu) Fd{cdhl

Funb _ugidha{ }n _nu{kca{…Knia [kunlcgb) _KG Babeau

]udp) Mnipcdh \g}kcdhl Aspamd}dnh) Kg{dhn Eng}) Inkgi Eagkca{

ghm Bq{aqb{ dhkiqmdhl }ca Bdlc}t 3}c Gdu Fnuka Bq{aqb

g{ |aii g{ inkgi {pnu}dhl avah}{( ]ca id{} lna{ nh ghm nh( Tnq

kgh }ut nq} g knn`dhl kig{{ nu ln nh g {cudbpdhl kuqd{a) ghm nf

knqu{a }ca inkgi }n|h{ nf Eiqff}nh ghm Eagqfnu} fag}qua vaut cd{

}nudk mn|h}n|h guag{ g{ |aii( [gvghhgc d}{aif cg{ g faai bnua

idà g edl }n|h }cgh g eq{}idhl kd}t) ghm g{ |d}c bght nf }ca pnu}

kd}da{ dh }ca [nq}c tnq kgh fdhm npah {pgka{ wqdkìt ghm ag{dit(

]teaa ghm Cdi}nh Cagm D{ighm gua fgbnq{ fnu }cadu |cd}a {ghm

eagkca{ ghm {in| pgka…tnq bgt |gh} }n {}dk` gunqhm }ca guag

fnu g |cdia gf}au }ca Vdk}nut Eghwqa} knhkiqma{'


UQMT UNMUDLQAZ7?1?; [CG\HAA BD[DNH _@\T [CG\HAA) @[ 665?;#47;$ 4?6"??73Fgs: 47;"563"6??5

[gvghhgc Fnu{t}c _gu`



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?7776

_KG ZNHA 7? KGIAHMGUQpmg}am ?=.7<.5?77

BGT

7 EDU Fdu{} Fidhl Mudvau Amqkg}dnh Hnum [}auh7 Bgpia|nnm Dbpnu}{ Gq}n Fgdu Hnum [}auh

< Nha mgt MA g} Bdm"Gbaudkg Bn}nupias) _gkdfdk Jqhk}dnh) DG Luag} _igdh{

< [}( Mnhg}q{ Enmt ghm _gdh} Npah Cnq{a ghm Kgu [cn| Kah}ugi Dn|g

< ]akc [a{{dnh) 446 [auvdka [}( Inqd{

< Cgif _dh}{ Eua|aut }nqu & mdhhau kuqd{a }n Nbg—{ [kchd}zai

[}qea

Uam Udvau

<"3 5hm ghhqgi Ina{{ Cdii{ Nvauhdlc} uqh }n [dnqs Kd}t [kcöha{ighm

77 Mdhhau Baa}dhl g} Gvghzgua D}gidgh Mdhdhl) [pudhlfdaim) BN Nzgu` Igà{

7= 5?77 [pudhl Mudva dh ;M Hnum [}auh

7= Jn{apcdha{ ]ag Unnb {nkdgi) Lnmfuat) DI [}( Inqd{71 [pudhl Gq}nkun{{) 761? \ Jgk`{nh [}) Nzgu`) BN Nzgu` Igà{

71 Gq}nkun{{ g} Ungm Tnmau \dkcd}g

76 Bgd ]gl Mdhhau Mg`n}g

57 Dh}aubguwqa Kgu [cn| Knbn _gu`) [}( _gqi) BH Hnum [}auh

57 Mudva.iqhkc.ugiit }n \a{}nh ghm Udvau|nnm \dhaut @gh{g{ Kd}t

55 Ghhqgi _nàu Uqh fnu Kcgud}t [}( Inqd{

55 Gq}nkun{{ g} Gbaud{}gu Kg{dhn |a{} pgu`dhl in} @gh{g{ Kd}t

JQHA

;"1 1}c Ina{{ Cdii{ Igbegmg Mg`n}g

;"1 _KG Kiqe Ugka) Bn}nu{pnu} _gu` Cg{}dhl{) Hae( Luag} _igdh{

= Gq}n{iginb g} [pudhl{ Kcqukc) \dhhdpal) Mdhhau Kuqd{a }n }ca

Cgif Bnnh nh Cahmau{nh Cdlc|gt

Uam Udvau

1 Aqunpagh Gq}n [cn| [}( Inqd{

1 Gq}n Cgq{ Kcgud}t [cn| ghm [cdha Uam Udvau

3 Mudvdhl Mdhhau Baa}dhl }n Kgh}dhg Iguam) Eugh{nh Ighmdhl Nzgu` Igà{

7?"75 Ina{{ Cdii{ Igbegmg Mg`n}g

77 7<}c Ghhqgi Laubgh Kgufa{} Ugiit Hnum [}auh

77 ]nqu }n Kigu`{vdiia [}( Inqd{

77 Jgba{ Gu}cqu Vdhatgum{ Fqh Uqh Luag} _igdh{


7< Dka Kuagb [nkdgi ghm _np Wqdz @gh{g{ Kd}t

73 KDG & [kcöha{ighm Gq}nkun{{) Bgu{cgii}n|h) Dn|g Kah}ugi Dn|g &

[kcöha{ighm

73"74 EDU Fg{} Fidhl Mudvau Amqkg}dnh Hnum [}auh

73 ’[cn|) [cdha & [cnn}‒) Inkg}dnh ]EM Nzgu` Igà{



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 7<

_KG ZNHA 7? KGIAHMGU #Knh}dhqam$Qpmg}am ?=.7<.5?77

JQHA #Knh}dhqam$

73 Gq}nkun{{ g} [pudhl{ Kcqukc Uam Udvau74 Fg}cau{ Mgt [cn| H [cdha g} [pudhl{ Kcqukc Uam Udvau

51 KDG & [kcöha{ighm _nu{kca _gmmnk` g} }ca Dznm Dhmt Kgu

[auda{ ugka{) Ha|}nh Dh}i( [paam|gt

Kah}ugi Dn|g &

[kcöha{ighm

56 Gq}nkun{{ g} Gbaud{}gu Kg{dhn |a{} pgu`dhl in} @gh{g{ Kd}t

JQIT

4 Igegmda Mdhhau ]nqu [}( Inqd{

7? Gq}nkun{{ g} Ungm Tnmau \dkcd}g

7? Ina{{ Cdii{ Fqh Uqh Luag} _igdh{

77"75 Hnum [}auh g} Ungm Gbaudkg) Ai`cgu} Igà) \D Hnum [}auh

76 Eahha}} EEW @gh{g{ Kd}t

5= Fg{} Ammda—{ Uqh [}( Inqd{

5= Dka Kuagb [nkdgi) ]ghtg & Jdb—{ dh Nsfnum) Dn|g Kah}ugi Dn|g

54";7 EDU _KG Kiqe Ugka ghm Mudvau Amqkg}dnh Hnum [}auh

;7 _nu{kca _gugma) [gvghhgc) Lanuldg #knh}dhqam$

GQLQ[]

7"6 _nu{kca _gugma) [gvghhgc) Lanuldg

6 Vdhn dh }ca Vgiiat ]nqu Hnum [}auh

< ][M Ugiit #]EM$ Uam Udvau7? Bnd{} _dzzg As}ugvglghzg) g} }ca Bnd{}—{ cnba Nzgu` Igà{

7;"7= MA g} Bdm"Gbaudkg Bn}nupias) _gkdfdk Jqhk}dnh) DG Luag} _igdh{

7= Gqlq{}g \dha ]nqu [}( Inqd{

5? Mdhhau Kuqd{a }n Uabeughm}—{ Ua{}gqugh}) Ink`pnu} Uam Udvau

57 Mudva }n [pudhlfdaim) DI [}( Inqd{

57 Fqh Mudva " ]EM @gh{g{ Kd}t

51"53 Uqh fnu }ca Cdii{ 4) Bqi}d Ualdnh avah}) @at{}nha) [M Mg`n}g

5< Nha Gubam Eghmd} Mdhhau Uqh }n Mn|h{}uagb Kg{dhn Nzgu` Igà{

5< Idhknih Mdhhau Udma Luag} _igdh{

53 [AU]NBG Fit.Mudva"dh kcgud}t euag fg{}) Dn|g Kd}t Gdupnu} Kah}ugi Dn|g


Fnu ma}gdiam dhfnubg}dnh genq} id{}am avah}{) {aa }ca ua{pak}dva Ualdnh—{ |ae{d}a nu }ca _KG Hg}dnhgi |ae{d}a g} |||(pkg(nul(

Kah}ugi Dn|g Ualdnh: |||(kdgpkg(nul Nzgu` Igà{ Ualdnh: ni`(pkg(nulMg`n}g{ Ualdnh: mg`(pkg(nul Uam Udvau Ualdnh: UamUdvau_KG(nulLuag} _igdh{ Ualdnh: pnu{kca(aiidp{a(ha} [kcöha{ighm Ualdnh: |||({kcnha{ighm(nul

@gh{g{ Kd}t Ualdnh: |||(`kupkg(nul [}( Inqd{ Ualdnh: |||({}ipkg(nulHnum [}auh Ualdnh: |||(hnum{}auh(nul \dkcd}g Ualdnh: |dk(pkg(nul



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?7773

#Knh}dhqam funb pgla 71$

\a gua kgu ah}cq{dg{}{ jq{} idà tnq' \a qhmau"

{}ghm }ca haam fnu cdlc wqgid}t ha| NAB & gf}au"

bguà} pgu}{ |d}cnq} pgtdhl }np mniigu pudka{ {n |a

àap }ca nvaucagm in| ghm pg{{ }ca {gvdhl{ nh }n

tnq' Hn fudii{) jq{} luag} {auvdka fnu }ca mn"d}"

tnqu{aif |uahkcau'

Knh}gk} q{ g} <31"361";=;1 nu

pgu}{Oeghlaunhidha(knb

Cgvah,} ln} }ca }dba) aspau}d{a) nu dhkidhg}dnh }n mn

}ca |nu` tnqu{aif> Df tnq |gh} d} mnha udlc}) Mnk,{

tnqu bgh' Mnk cg{ }ca }nni{ ghm aspaudahka }n fds

d} udlc}( \cah tnq haam }n inn` }n }ca pun—{ uait nh

Mnk—{ punfa{{dnhgi gppungkc }n eudhl tnqu bgkcdha

egk` }n }np cagi}c'

Knh}gk} @gui g} 47;"=36";3?1 nu

mnk`guiO|diah(q{

HAAM _GU][> HAAM G BAKCGHDK>

_unqm babeau{ nf @KU_KG fnu 75 tagu{' _unqm babeau{ nf @KU_KG fnu < tagu{'

Eghlau Dhmq{}uda{ d{ n|ham et [kn}} ghm Id{g Cguud{nh) [cg|haa) @[

Ea {qua }n kcak` nq} }ca _gugma gk}dvd}da{ g}

pgugma5?77(pkg(nul {n }cg} tnq mnh—} bd{{ ght nf }ca gk}dnh(

Uald{}ug}dnh ealdh{ nh Bgukc 3}c( Tnq |dii gi{n ea geia }n vda|

}ca }ugmd}dnhgi _gugma avah} {kcamqia fnu }ca |aa` g} }ca |ae"

{d}a) ghm iaguh genq} gdu knhmd}dnham Knhknqu{ puap guag{0 _g"ugma 7?7 kig{{a{ }cg} bgà {qua }ca fdu{} }dba _gugma lnau{

gua puapguam fnu }ca |aa`0 Cn{pd}gid}t ghm Lnnmda [}nua cnqu{0

ghm nppnu}qhd}da{ }n vniqh}aau g{ g _gugma |nuàu fnu {nba nf

}ca fag}quam avah}{ }cg} tnq bgt hn} ea knbpa}dhl dh #g luag}

|gt }n la} g funh} un| {ag} }n gii }ca gk}dnh'$( N}cau avah}{ idà

}ca pnpqigu UK Kgu ugka{) Dka Kuagb {nkdgi) ]akc Gkgmabt) Gu}

[cn| ghm Mudvdhl ]nqu{ |dii knbpiabah} tnqu |aa`) qhia{{ tnq

pigh }n {pahm d} {}qmtdhl fnu }ca vaut knbpa}d}dva ]akc Wqdz…

tnq kgh bgà tnqu _gugma aspaudahka dh [gvghhgc g{ gk}dnh"

pgkàm ghm askd}dhl) nu g{ igdm"egk` ghm uaigsdhl g{ tnq puafau(

\nh—} tnq jndh q{ fnu g {pak}gkqigu _gugma) }ca cdlcidlc}

nf nqu _KG aspaudahka }cd{ tagu> Ghtnha }cg} cg{ g}}ahmam g

_gugma kgh }aii tnq }cd{ d{ hn} jq{} g hnubgi bqi}d"avah} |aa`"ahm) }cd{ d{ }ca cdlcidlc} nf |cg} _KG cg{ }n nffau) fqii nf askd}dhl

}cdhl{ }n mn ghm {aa |d}c id}augiit }cnq{ghm{ nf _nu{kca n|hau{

dh g}}ahmghka( Avaut}cdhl cg{ eaah pighham nq} ghm d{ uagmt

fnu tnq0 gii tnq haam }n mn d{ eudhl tnqu{aif) tnqu fgbdit ghm tnqu

_nu{kca fnu g vgkg}dnh aspaudahka }cg} tnq |nh—} {nnh fnula}'

[gvghhgc Udvaufunh}

Jndh q{ fnu Euag`fg{}'

Avaut [g}qumgt g} <:;? GB) }ca @KU_KGbaa}{ fnu euag`fg{} g} \gdm—{ Ua{}gqugh}

g} 77;? \ 7?;um [}uaa}) @gh{g{ Kd}t) BN

jq{} hnu}c nf }ca D"=;1 dh}aukcghla g} [}g}a

Idha Um(

D}—{ g luag} nppnu}qhd}t }n baa} n}cau kiqe babeau{) inn` g} gh

avau"kcghldhl kniiak}dnh nf _nu{kca{) ghm ahjnt g }g{}t bagi(



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 74

Nh [qhmgt) Faeuqgut 5?) 5?77) fnu}t @KU_KG babeau{

ba} g} \dha Fidlc}{ Egu ghm Ed{}un dh Iag|nnm fnu nqu ghhqgi

|dha }g{}dhl avah}( \a |aua iqk`t }n cgva g eagq}dfqi eudlc}

{qhht mgt ghm {pudhl"idà }abpaug}qua{ }cd{ tagu) g |aiknba

knh}ug{} }n ig{} tagu—{ dka {}nub(

\dha Fidlc}{ punvdmam q{ |d}c g {pagàu) Jaff Bdiiau) ghm

}g{}dhl hn}a{ }n caip q{ iaguh bnua genq} }ca |dha{ |a |aua

{gbpidhl( \a }g{}am fnqu \g{cdhl}nh {}g}a |dha{) g Kcg}agq

[}a( Bdkcaiia _dhn} Lud{) _dkà} Fahka _dhn} Hndu) Cnu{a Cagvah

Cdii{ Bauin} ghm \g}aueunn` Ua{auva [tugc( Agkc |dha |g{

pgduam |d}c gh gppa}dzau( D kgh }aii tnq) D pau{nhgiit ahjntam agkcnha( Nf knqu{a) {nba |nqim {gt D cgva {nba|cg} nf g uapq}g"

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\a |aua ligm }n {aa {n bght ha| fgka{ g} }ca avah}(

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fnqu}c ghhqgi Npah Cnq{a nh [g}qumgt) Bgukc 74) 5?77(

]ca }caba }cd{ tagu |g{ D}gidgh)

cahka }ca hgba ]q}}n Giig ]geaiig

mg Bghldgua( Egk` et pnpqigumabghm |g{ [qzghha—{ fgbnq{

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bnua }cgh g id}}ia fudahmit egh}au gbnhl babeau{ genq} asgk}it

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gii |unhl'

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pnu} nqu kiqe(


\dha ]g{}dhlJgh _dauka) Mau [pnu}|glah [nkdgi Amd}nu

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[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?775?



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 57

]uqbgh Ideugut ]nqu

Nh }ca eudlc} ghm {qhht [qhmgt) Gpudi ;) gppunsdbg}ait

fnu}t babeau{ jndham }nla}cau fnu g }nqu nf }ca ]uqbgh Ideugutdh Dhmapahmahka) Bd{{nqud( \cg} g |nhmaufqi nppnu}qhd}t( D cgva

idvam dh @gh{g{ Kd}t bt ah}dua idfa) ta} cgm havau eaah }n }ca ]uq"

bgh Ideugut(

\a |aua ldvah g }|n"cnqu"}nqu nf }ca cdlcidlc}{ nf }ca

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havau `hn|h genq} nqu cnba}n|h pua{dmah}( D |g{ a{pakdgiit

dbpua{{am et }ca hqbeau nf cd{}nut"bg`dhl makd{dnh{ ca cgm

}n bgà dh }ca fdu{} fnqu bnh}c{ nf }ca pua{dmahkt ca dhcaud}am

gf}au }ca {qmmah mag}c nf Unn{avai}( Df tnq cgva havau eaah

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}n {}qmt }ca ascded}{ dh bnua ma}gdi(

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vau{g}dnh idvait( ]ca{a ghhqgi }nqu{ nf @gh{g{ Kd}t ighmbgu`{

cgva uagiit punvam }n ea g luag} {qkka{{ |d}c nqu babeau{(

D} ldva{ q{ gii gh nppnu}qhd}t }n ea }nqud{}{ dh nqu n|h kd}t ghm

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has} tagu(

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@KU_KG babeau{ lg}cau nq}{dma }ca Cauafnum Cnq{a dhDhmapahmahka fniin|dhl }ca }nqu nf }ca ]uqbgh Ideugut(

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[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?7755

_iag{a knba jndh }ca @gh{g{ Kd}t Ualdnh fnu nqu dhgqlqugi

\caai{ }n \a{}nh gk}dvd}t [g}qumgt Bgt 57{}) fniin|am et nqu

fdu{} Gq}nkun{{ nf }ca tagu g} }ca Gbaud{}gu) [qhmgt Bgt 55hm(

\a cgva {}uqk}quam [g}qumgt }n giin| babeau{ }n munp

dh nh ght) ghm gii nf }ca fqh avah}{( \a {}gu} [g}qumgt bnuhdhl

et baa}dhl g} Ialahm{ hagu }ca [paam|gt) BkMnhgim{.] J

Bgs _gu`dhl In}( ]caua gua vgudnq{ ag}auda{ kin{a }n }ca pgu`"

dhl guag {qkc g{ Bg Bg—{ egàut) BkMnhgim{ a}k( Faai fuaa }n

guudva |cahavau tnq idà ghm ingm qp nh a{{ah}dgi {qppida{(

Fdu{} Avah} |dii ea }ca Fqh.[pdud}am Mudva) iagvdhl 7?:;?punbp}it) ahmdhl g} }ca [gh}g Fa Mdhau dh Iagvah|nu}c(

G} }ca Mdhau |a cgva g pudvg}a unnb fnu pgu}dkdpgh}{ }n

uaigs ea}|aah avah}{) ghm fnu ha| pgu}dkdpgh}{ }n jndh q{( _gu`"

dhl g} }ca Mdhau |dii ea dh }ca Hnu}c _gu`dhl In}) |cdkc d{ gkun{{

}ca {}uaa} funb }ca Mdhau( ]cd{ |dii ea }ca {}gldhl guag fnu }ca

Ugiit( #[apgug}a kcak`{($

Fnu }ca gf}auhnnh) |a cgva g fqh mudva.ugiit }n Udvau|nnm

\dhaut dh Uq{cvdiia( \a pigh }n guudva g} }ca |dhaut ;:?? _B

nh|gum{( G} }ca |dhaut |a |aiknba kquuah} ghm ha| pgu}dkd"

pgh}{ |d}c g {}gldhl guag fnu _nu{kca{ |d}c }ca nppnu}qhd}t

fnu pcn}nlugpc{) ghm lahaugiit cghldhl nq}( Dh{dma }caua d{ }ca

nppnu}qhd}t }n {gbpia |dha{) {cnp) {hgk`{ a}k( #_gu}dkdpgh}{ua{pnh{deia fnu }cadu n|h aspah{a{($ G} }ca |dhaut |a |dii gi{n

ea makigudhl }ca ua{qi}{ fnu }ca ugiit ghm pua{ah}dhl g|gum{(

Gf}au Udvau|nnm |a cagm }n \a{}nh fnu mdhhau g}

N—Bgiiat—{ Ua{}gqugh} ghm Egu g} 6:?? _B( ]caua d{ gbpia

}dba ea}|aah Udvau|nnm ghm N—Bgiiat—{ }n ahjnt }ca wqgdh}

\a{}nh mn|h}n|h {}nua{ ghm n}cau gk}dvd}da{ }cg} bgt ea

cgppahdhl }cg} mgt( Gf}au mdhhau faai fuaa }n }gà dh bnua nf }ca

\a{}nh gk}dvd}da{ nu {}gt nvauhdlc}(

Fnu }cn{a nf tnq |cn cgva hn} cgm ahnqlc nf mudvdhl gk}dvd"

}da{) nu ha| pgu}dkdpgh}{) |a |dii ea cnimdhl }ca fdu{} gq}nkun{{

nf }ca tagu g} }ca Gbaud{}gu( [qhmgt bnuhdhl 4:?? GB qh}di

75:?? _B nu qh}di |a gua mnha(

\a |dii cgva g -71 Uald{}ug}dnh Faa _AU KGU fnu [g}"

qumgt Bgt 57{} gk}dvd}da{ #-71 uald{}ug}dnh faa hn} uawqduam

fnu [g}qumgt mdhhau nhit($ _iag{a U[V_ fnu }cd{ avah} nh }ca

\caai{ }n \a{}nh

Gq}nkun{{ O Gbaud{}gu

Et Jqmt Eahha}}) V_ " [nkdgi Gk}dvd}da{

uald{}ug}dnh fnub dhkiqmam nh }ca fniin|dhl pgla) #Gq}nkun{{

Uald{}ug}dnh d{ g {apgug}a fnub$) nu g} }ca |ae{d}a `kupkg(nul(

Df tnq cgva ght wqa{}dnh{ piag{a knh}gk} Jqmt Eahha}}) g}

}ugdhaujqmtO{eklinegi(ha} nu 376"635"=;3;(

Dka Kuagb [nkdgi . _np Wqdz_iag{a pigh }n jndh faiin| _nu{kca kiqe babeau{ nh Jqha

75}c) g} 5(?? _B fnu g fqh [qhmgt gf}auhnnh(

Jdb ghm Hghkt Ughm cgva nffauam }n cn{} gh Dka Kuagb

[nkdgi g} }cadu cnba dh Eiqa [pudhl{) BN( ]cat cgva in}{ nf

luaah {pgka fnu avautnha }n pgu` }cadu _nu{kca{ fnu g knh"

knqu{a( ]cat gi{n cgva g kdukia mudva |caua g uabn}a knh}uni

kgu ugka knqim ea caim) {n df tnq cgva g uabn}a knh}uni kgu

eudhl d} ginhl( ]cat gi{n cgva g pnhm fnu fd{cdhl ghm uabn}a knh

}uni eng}dhl( ]caua |dii gi{n ea g _np Wqdz fnu gii gla{( [n knba

ghm cgva g hdka {qbbau) [qhmgt gf}auhnnh |d}c fudahm{(

[quhgba{ G }cuq I ‛ Eudhl Fgvnud}a Dka Kuagb[quhgba{ B }cuq Z ‛ Eudhl }nppdhl{

E(T(N(E() [nmg ghm \g}au |dii ea {qppidam et }ca kiqe(

Cn{}{ Jdb ghm Hghkt Ughm

54??7 [A Utgh

Eiqa [pudhl{) BN 6=?6=

376 553 =;54

Fnu bnua dhfnubg}dnh knh}gk} Jqmt Eahha}}) g} }ugdhau"

jqmtO{eklinegi(ha}) nu 376"635"=;3;(

" Jqmt

Udkcgum & Jqmt Eahha}} ghm Hadi & Mg|h Finnm gua uagmt }n{gbpia }ca hak}gu nf }ca lnm{ g} }ca \dha Fidlc}{ Egu(



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 5;

Nha nf }ca fdha{} gq}nbn}dva knhknqu{ dh }ca Bdm|a{}

haam{ }ca caip nf _nu{kca Kiqe babeau{( Nh Jqha 56}c }ca

1}c ghhqgi Gu} nf }ca Kgu Knhknqu{) |cdkc eahafd}{ {}qmah}{ nf }ca @gh{g{ Kd}t Gu} Dh{}d}q}a) |dii ea caim( Nvau 5?? ascded}nu{

ghm }cnq{ghm{ nf {pak}g}nu{ pgu}gà dh }cd{ eagq}dfqi avah})

caim nh }ca kgbpq{ nf }ca Gu} Dh{}d}q}a( Gh}dwqa kgu{) nha"nf"

g"`dhm kq{}nb kgu{) {pnu}{ kgu{) ugka kgu{) bn}nuktkia{ ghm

fdua}uqk`{) gii nf vdh}gla gla gua }n ea fnqhm(

Gu} Haam{ Nqu CaipJdb Ughm) @KU_KG Babeau

@gh{g{ Kd}t Ualdnh Dhgqlqugi \caai{ }n \a{}nh Uald{}ug}dnh Fnub

HGBA ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

_GU]DKD_G]DHL FGBDIT BABEAU HGBA#[$ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

GMMUA[[ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

_KG UALDNH ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

]AIA_CNHA ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ KAII + ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

A"BGDI ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

_NU[KCA BNMAI ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ TAGU ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ KNINU ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

#_iag{a dhmdkg}a }ca hqbeau nf dhmdvdmqgi{ pgu}dkdpg}dhl dh }ca ens punvdmam puakamdhl agkc

id{}am gk}dvd}t avah df }caua d{ hn ah}ughka faa) {n |a kgh pigh gkknumdhlit$

-71 Uald{}ug}dnh Faa pau Kgu fnu gii [g}qumgt Bgt 57{}

) 5?77 gk}dvd}da{(

#-71 Uald{}ug}dnh Faa hn} uawqduam fnu [g}qumgt Mdhhau nhit($

[g}qumgt) Bgt 57{}

Gk}dvd}da{

7?(?? GB }n hnnh ‛ [pdud}am mudva }n Iagvah|nu}c(

Hnnh }n 7(?? _B ‛ Iqhkc g} }ca [gh}g Fa Mapn} Mdhau( #[apgug}a kcak`{$(

c}}p:..{gh}gfamapn}mdhau(knb

7(?? _B }n 7(;? _B ‛ [}gu} }dba fnu \a{}nh Ugiit( [}gllauam {}gu} funb }ca

[gh}g Fa Mapn} Mdhau Hnu}c _gu`dhl In}( La} tnqu mudvdhl dh{}uqk}dnh{ g} }ca

pgu`dhl in} {}gu} idha(

;(?? _B }n 1(?? _B ‛ FUAA \dha ]g{}dhl ghm G|gum g} Udvau|nnm \dhaut(

c}}p:..udvau|nnm|dhaut(knb

6(?? _B ‛ N—Bgiiat,{ Ua{}gqugh} ghm _qe fnu Mdhhau( #[apgug}a kcak {$(

c}}p:..|||(|a{}nhdud{c(knb

Bgdi }cd{ uald{}ug}dnh fnub |d}c tnqu kcak` }n Jqmt Eahha}}) ;?= HA Ng`{ Udmla Mu) Iaa{

[qbbd}) BN 6=?6= nu _gt nh"idha g} |||(`kupkg(nul }cunqlc _gt_gi( Fnu bnua avah} ma}gdi{

vd{d} }ca |ae{d}a( Df tnq pgt }cunqlc _gt_gi piag{a gmvd{a Jqmt #vdg }ugdhaujqmtO{eklinegi(ha}$)

|cdkc gk}dvd}da{ tnq |dii ea mndhl(

c}}p:..|||(|a{}nhbn(knb.vd{d}.|a{}nh^kcgbeau " Cn}ai dhfnubg}dnh d{ gvgdigeia g} }cd{ {d}a(

G{ }cd{ knhknqu{ cg{ lun|h) }ca haam fnu vniqh}aau{ cg{

gi{n( Df tnq |nqim idà }n caip) kgii 376"36;"=444 ghm bah}dnh

}cg} tnq |nqim idà }n g{{d{}( Fnu gmmd}dnhgi dhfnubg}dnh) ln nh

}ca |ae g} gu}nf}cakguknhknqu{(knb( Df tnq faai tnq cgva g

qhdwqa _nu{kca }cg} bgt wqgidft fnu }ca avah}) ea {qua }n bah"

}dnh }cg} gi{n(]cd{ d{ g hn} fnu punfd} avah}) {n tnqu caip |nqim ea luag}it

gppuakdg}am( ]ca punkaam{ ln }n {kcnigu{cdp{ fnu }ca Gu} Dh{}d"

}q}a {}qmah}{(

" Jdb



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?775=

_NU[KCA KIQE NF GBAUDKGEaldhhau{ ghm Hnvdka Gq}nkun{{ [kcnni

[qhmgt) Bgt 55) 5?77 4:?? GBGbaud{}gu Kg{dhn #Fgu}ca{} \a{} _gu`dhl In}$Kn{} d{ -51(?? #aguit edum$ ghm -;?(?? #mgt nf$

GQ]NKUN[[ ]GI@DHL _NDH][

7( \cg} d{ gh gq}nkun{{> Gh gq}nkun{{ d{ g {`dii mudvdhl avah} dh |cdkc nha kgu g} g }dba

haln}dg}a{ g pua{kudeam knqu{a) q{dhl }ugfk knha{ }n maha g vguda}t nf }quh{( ]ca {d}a{ gua

q{qgiit igdm nq} nh cqla) npah pgu`dhl in}{) nu nh {ak}dnh{ nf gdupnu} uqh|gt{( ]ca knqu{a d{ {a}

qp {n }cg} tnq gua npaug}dhl dh in|au lagu{) |d}c g }np {paam nf hn bnua }cgh =1 bpc nu {n)mapahmdhl nh }ca kgu( ]ca gvaugla }dba nf g uqh nh }ca knqu{a d{ gppunsdbg}ait nha bdhq}a)

piq{ g pahgi}t nf }|n {aknhm{ fnu agkc uqeeau knha #ptinh$ cd}

5( D{ }cd{ g ealdhhau—{ avah}> TA['' Ge{niq}ait Ta{''' ]cd{ {kcnni |dii ea fnu babeau{ |cn cgva

HAVAU eaah }n nu mudvah dh gh gq}nkun{{( Hnvdka mudvau{ gua |aiknba }nn(

;( \cg} |dii D iaguh> Tnq |dii mavainp g {ah{a nf }dbdhl) jqmlbah}) ghm gedid}t }n dh}aupua} tnqu

vacdkia—{ cghmidhl kcgugk}aud{}dk{ " g} {gfa {paam{ ghm dh g {gfa pigka( Tnqu aspaudahka{ g} gh

gq}nkun{{ |dii ahcghka tnqu mudvdhl gedid}t nh }ca {}uaa}( =( \dii D cgva g }agkcau> Ta{( Agkc {}qmah} |dii ea g{{dlham g }agkcau }n caip }ugdh tnq

}cunqlcnq} }ca knqu{a(

1( \dii D cqu} bt _nu{kca> Hn( _nu{kca gq}nbnedia{ gua {nba nf }ca |nuim{ ea{} gq}nkun{{dhlkgu{( Avaut bnmai nf _nu{kca avau eqdi} cg{ eaah ugkam {nba}dba nh }ca |nuim—{ ha{} }ugk`{(

Gq}nkun{{dhl d{ g in| {paam avah}(

6( \dii D haam ght {pakdgi awqdpbah} nh bt kgu> Hn( Jq{} eudhl tnqu _nu{kca( Tnq mn hn} haam

{pakdgi }dua{) ugkdhl {ag}eai}{) ugkdhl linva{ nu {pakdgi {cna{( Df tnq cgva g caiba} piag{a

eudhl d}( Df tnq mn hn} n|h g caiba}) }ca kiqe cg{ g idbd}am {qppit( N}cau|d{a) jq{} eudhl tnqu{aif

ghm tnqu kgu(

<( D{ gq}nkun{{dhl {gfa> Ta{( Gq}nkun{{a{ gua g in| {paam {}tia nf ugkdhl( Tnq mn hn} ugka n}cau

kgu{( Tnq {dbpit ugka glgdh{} g }dbau(

3( Cn| nim mn D cgva }n ea> Tnq nu tnqu fgbdit babeau bq{} ea nvau 76 ghm cgva g vgidm mudvau—{

idkah{a( Babeau{ qhmau 73 bq{} cgva g _guah}gi Knh{ah} Fnub {dlham et EN]C pguah}{(\nbah gua ahknquglam }n pgu}dkdpg}a(

4( \dii D cgva fqh> Tnq ea}kcg( Tnq |dii cgva }ca bn{} fqh nf ght ugkdhl avah}) eakgq{a tnq gua

}ca mudvau'

Fqu}cau dhfn: Uqmt Unmudlqaz 47;"<33"???< nu abgdi uqmt{463ghm4==[Ogni(knb

Has} gq}nkun{{ d{ {kcamqiam fnu [qhmgt) Jqha 56) 5?77



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 51

_NU[KCA KIQE NF GBAUDKG@gh{g{ Kd}t Ualdnh5?77 GQ]NKUN[[

[qhmgt) Bgt 55) 5?774:?? GB Qh}di Mnha

Gbaud{}gu Kg{dhnFgu}ca{} \a{} _gu`dhl In}

;5?? H Gbaud{}gu Mu @gh{g{ Kd}t) BN

Avah} _ua"Uald{}ug}dnh Fnub#_ua"uald{}ug}dnh magmidha Bgt 71) 5?77$

HGBA: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ MG]A nf EDU]C: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

GMMUA[[: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

KD]T . []G]A . ZD_ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

_CNHA: \nu` ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Cnba ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Bnedia: ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^

A"BGDI ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^MUDVAU—[ IDKAH[A + ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ []:^^^^^^

Tnqu kgu ma}gdi{

_NU[KCA BNMAI ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ TAGU ^^^^^^^^^ KNINU ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

GQ]NKUN[[ AS_AUDAHKA:

^^ÊALDHAU ^^^HNVDKA #Ia{{ }cgh = avah}{$

^^ÂS_AUDAHKAM

_UA UALD[]UG]DNH FAA: -51(?? MGT NF AVAH] -;?(??

Caiba} uawqduam: #[haii 41 nu Ha|au Kau}dkg}dnh$ \a |dii cgva {avaugi inghau{ gvgdigeia gi{n(

Mudvdhl mduak}dnh{:

Funb @gh{g{ Kd}t #Bd{{nqud {dma$ nh D"=;1 Hnu}c( Asd} 11E) #BN"57? C\T($ U}( Nh Hnu}c

Gbaud{}gu Mu( Baa} q{ g} }ca fgu}ca{} \a{} In} et }ca bnvda }cag}au{( Jq{} {nq}c nf Gbaud{}gu

Mgtkgua(

Funb #@gh{g{ {dma$( D"=;1 A( Asd} 11E) #BN"57? C\T($ U}( Nh Hnu}c Gbaud{}gu Mu( Baa} q{g} }ca fgu}ca{} \a{} In} et }ca bnvda }cag}au{( Jq{} {nq}c nf Gbaud{}gu Mgtkgua(

Bgà Kcak`{ _gtgeia }n: @KU_KG & bgdi }n: Uqmt Unmudlqaz

66=< \gvauit

@gh{g{ Kd}t) @[( 667?=

Fnu bnua dhfn: kgii 47;"<33"???< nu abgdi Uqmt{463ghm4==[Ogni(knb



[pnu}|glah Mau

Bgt . Jqha 5?7756

Kiqe Ugkdhl _dk}qua{



[pnu}|glahMau

Bgt . Jqha 5?77 5<

]ca @gh{g{ Kd}t Ualdnh _KG |gh}{ }n }cgh` nqu inkgi {pnh{nu{:



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[pnu}|glah Mau

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Gud{}nkug} Bn}nu{((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 5) 7;) 5<

Eghlau Dhmq{}uda{.Mnk \diah Ugkdhl(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((73

Ene Cdhm{nh Ugkdhl((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((7;) 5?

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Ugkdhl _unmqk}{ Bh(knb((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 5<

Uagumnh Qhidbd}am(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 55

Uqmt Unmudlqaz) Fgubau{ Dh{qughka((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 71

Uqia \au`{ Gq}n Ma}gdidhl((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 7;

[geg}dhd Gukcd}ak}{((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 7;

\cnia{gia ]uqk`{ nf Gbaudkg((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 5<

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Der Sportwagen - May / June 2011